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:
MANUAL
OF
First
p
TZEiE
Congregational Church
FARMINGTON,
N. H.
}
:
'
".
PAUL HENRY PITKIN,
.y-
,Y.
~
—
Pastor.
'
'
ORGAN I ZED SEPT,
15,
1819,
"Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for
brethren to dwell together in unity!"
Psalm
133:
FARMINGTON,
Printed by
J.
E.
I
1.
N. H:
Fernaed
1876.
& Son,
..
.
']
�1
���MANUAL.
OJP
First
THE
Congregational Church
FARMINGTON,
N. H.
PAUL HENRY PITKIN,
ORGAN /ZED SEPT.
%
15,
Pastor.
1819.
how gooil and Irow pleasant it is for
brethren to dwell together in unity J"
'Behold,
Psalm
133:
FARMINGTON:
Printed by
J,
E.
l.
N. H.
Fernald
1876,
& Son,
�RELIGIOUS SERVICES.
Every Sunday, Preaching
at
10-30 A. M. during
the entire year.
Sunday School, immediately
after morning worship. The hours of the remaining Services of the Lord's day vary somewhat
during the different seasons. Each change is
duly announced to the Congregation at the regular Sabbath morning assemblage.
Every Wednesday, there
is a Conference for Prayer, with a short lecture, in the evening at the
vestry,
Friday,
ing
A Sunday
School Teacher's Meet-
conducted by the pastor on the first Friday
evening of each month. It is expected that every
teacher will endeavor to be present.
is
The Holy Communion
Sabbaths
and Nov.
first
is
in Jan.,
M. on the
March, May, July, Sept.
held at 1-30 P.
The Church Committee
will
meet
for
counsel,
with any who may desire to connect themselves
with this religious organization, on the second
Wednesday evening of each month, after the
weekly prayer meeting.
SPECIAL NOTICE.
This manual has been prepared under the direction
of the Ohurch, by a committee appointed especially for this
purpose, consisting
of:
Paul Henry Pitkin, Pastor,
Kichard B. Hayes, Deacon,
Daniel W. Edgerly Olerk.
�TO THE READER.
Are you a Christian? If not, remember: "Now is
the accepted time, behold now is the day of salvation"
Jesus said: "I am the way, the truth and the life:"
44
Come unto me
and
I will give
all
you
ye that labor and are heavy laden
rest."
If a Christian, why are you not a member of the
Church? Is your present position, in this respect, the
one that you would desire to see your friends occupy?
All those are welcomed into our fold whom, in the
judgment of charity, we believe that Christ will welcome into his fold above.
If you wish to unite with us, please read our Confession of Faith, Covenant and Rules of Church Government and make your desire known, at once, to the
pastor or any member.
Should you desire to unite
with us by letter from another church your certificate
may be handed to the pastor or any member of the
Church Committee.
�6
FORM OF ADMISSION
ON PROFESSION OF FAITH.
ADDRESS.
Beloved Friends:
assembly
for the
You have now come before this
purpose of confessing your faith in
Lord Jesus Christ; of consecrating yourselves to
the service of God; and of entering into a special
fellowship with this church.
It is a solemn act, but if done without reservation
and in humble dependence upon God's sustaining grace
the
it
will
be a source of great strength and comfort to
you.
That you may unite with us intelligently we ask
vour attention and assent to that form of religious beas the visible bond of
lief which has been adopted
our fellowship.
Hear, then, the Confession of Faith.
We believe:
That the Scriptures of the Old and New
Testaments are given by the inspiration of God, and
infallible revelation to manare the perfect and the only
kind of religious truth and duty. And we believe that
they teach these fundamental doctrines:
That there is but one God A Spirit infinite in all
Creator and Govnatural and moral perfections; the
as Father, Son and Holy
ernor of all things, existing
—
Ghost.
That man was created
^
sinless,
but in conse-
quence of the first transgression all are by nature
without holiness, and alienated from God.
That the sufferings and death of Christ meet all the
of justice, and form the only ground for the
demands
forgiveness of sin.
That salvation
is
freely,
sincerely,
and earnestly
of repentance toward
offered to all men on condition
and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.
God
without
That the influences of the Holy Spirit,
gracioush given
which none would truly repent, are
to all.
�7
That tLe distinguishing ordinances of Christ's visible church are Baptism and the Lord's Supper.
That there will be a resurrection of all the dead,
who will be judged according to their acts in life; and
that the wicked will, in the language of Scripture,
'go away into everlasting punishment, but the right4
eous into life eternal."
This you severally profess to believe.
[The ordinance of Baptism will now be administered
to those who have not previously received it.
To those who have been previously baptized, the
minister shall say; having been heretofore baptized
in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy
Ghost, you now acknowledge that consecration of
yourself to God.]
Attend now to The Covenant. You do now in the
presence of God and this assembly, solemnly avow
the Lord Jehovah, Father, Son and Holy Ghost, to
be the supreme object of your love, and your only
hope of salvation. You also consecrate all that you
are and possess to the service of your Maker and
the good of your fellowmen; and you promise by
the help of God, that henceforth you will endeavor
to walk humbly and uprightly before God and the
world. You do also in an especial manner covenant
yourself with this church, agreeing to submit to its
rules of government and discipline; to attend when
practicable, upon all its ordinances; to seek its peace,
purity and best interests, and to walk with its members in sympathy, toleration, courtesy and sobriety.
In view of such a belief and these promises, [here
the church rises] we, the members of this church,
affectionately receive you into our fellowship, ami
declare you entitled to all the privileges of this church
and a sharer of all its responsibilities and on our
part agee to watch over you with christian sympathy
and forbearance, and to seek your good in all things
while you remain with us.
�8
And
in these
new
relations,
fullness of those blessings,
who have
may we be helpful
may we
prove the
which the Lord has prom-
ised to those
entered into covenant with
him;
to each other in all the walks
of
life
May
and a united power
for good.
with you to the end of
your pilgrimage, and then may there be granted to
you an abundant entrance to Him in whose presence
is fullness of joy and at whose right hand are pleasures forevermore. Amen.
his richest grace abide
RULES OF GOVERNMENT.
The officers of the church are Pastor, Deacons,
Clerk, Treasurer, two Auditors and a standing committee.
The Deacons to be chosen for five years.
shall preside at all business meetings
present, and in his absence one of the Deacons,
or some other person chosen for the purpose.
**The Pastor
when
There shall be an annual meeting on or before the
Tuesday in Jan., subject to the call of the Deacons; at which the following officers shall be chosen.
third
A Clerk, Treasurer and a standing Committee of
which the Deacons shall be a part.
The Deacons and the annual officers shall be chosen by ballot.
A special business meeting may be called at any
time by the Pastor or Deacons.
In church affairs every member in good standing
eighteen years of age shall be allowed to vote.
be the duty of the clerk to keep a record
important matters connected with the church
and read the same at the annual meeting.
The Treasurer shall have charge of the money and
It shall
of
all
all property belonging to the
report at the annual meeting.
church,
and make a
�9
The Auditors
shall carefully
examine the Report of
Treasurer previous to the annual meeting, at
which they shall give, in writing, their approval or
the
dissent.
The Standing Committee shall act as a committee
of vigilance and with the Pastor as a committee for
the examination of candidates for admission to the
church.
The Lord's Supper
shall be administered usually on the
Sabbaths in Jan., Mar., May, July, Sept. and
Nov. The admission of members, together with the
first
celebration of the ordinance shall constitute the service
of the afternoon.
�10
be propounded to the church at
least two weeks previous to admission, and if approved by the church, notice thereof be publicly given
on the Sabbath following.
Candidates shall
Candidates bearing letters of dismission from oth r
churches, shall present them to the Standing Com
mittee, and if approved be reported to the church S'or
action.
Members who remove from town
are expected
to
take letters of dismission, within one year, to some
church near their residence, unless they give satisfactory reasons for delay.
Members of other churches, who may wish to commune with this church for more than one year, are
expected to remove their relations
to us, unless
they
give satisfactory reasons for delay.
Any member having cause of complaint against another should immediately seek to have it removed, as
directed in Matt 18: 15, 1(5, 17.
This church considers immoral conduct, breach
of express covenant vows, neglect of acknowledged
religious or relative duties, and avowed disbelief of the
articles of faith assented to by the members, as offences subject to the censure of the church.
Any member who shall be accused before the
church, shall be notified in writing of the charges
against him and entitled to a fair investigation and an
opportunity to make ids defense, except that the forego
ing process be waived with the consent of both parties.
The censures
inflicted
on offenders, are private reor excommunication, ac-
proof, public admonition,
cording to the aggravation of the offence; and, incase
of excommunication, public notice thereof shall be
given from the pulpit on the Sabbath.
The foregoing
rules
may
be altered
or
amended
at
any annual meeting by a vote of two thirds present
and voting thereon.
�PRESENT CHURCH OFFICERS.
PAUL HP1NRY PITKIN,
Pastor.
DEACONS,
Richard R. Hayes,
Israel Hayes,
Hosea B, Edgerly.
CLERK,
W. Edgerly.
Daniel
TREASURER,
Albert E. Putnam.
AUDITORS,
James F.
Safford,
Charles Hayes.
CHURCH COMMITTEE,
The Pastor, Deacons,
James F.
Daniel
W.
Edgerly and
Safford.
SYSTEMATIC BENEVOLENCE.
According
to the plan
adopted
for
1876, the con-
tributions are to be distributed as follows:
Foreign Missions,
40 per cent.
New Hampshire
Am.
Am.
Miss. Society,
together with the
Home Miss. Society,
Miss. Association,
Contingent Fund,
•
30
20
10
"
"
"
"
�12
RECORD OF THE CHURCH.
Town of Farmington
incorporated
Church organized Sept.
15,
Dec.
1,
1819,
By Rev. James Walker under
MINISTERS. SETTLED. DISMISSED.
James Walker,*
1826,
1819,
Clement Parker,* 1827,
1829,
Timothy Morgan,* 1840, (Apr.) 1842,
Joseph Lane,*
Benj. G. Willey,*
Roger M. Sargent*
D. D. Tappan,*
Roger M. Sargentf
W. S. Kimball,*
of the
the auspices
Miss. Society.
New Hampshire
1798.
TIME.
7 yrs.
44
2
2
2
3
"
- 4
1844,(Nov.) 1846,
1847,(Jan.) 1850,
1
1852,
1851,
6
1852, (Oct.) 1858,
1860, (Mar.) 1869,(May)9
2
1869,(Sept.)1871,
1872, (Apr.)1874,(Dee)2
44
44
"
"
44
44
Eugene H. Titusf
Paul H. Pitkin,*
1875, (July)
Between 1829 and 1840 the church 'was usually
supplied by students from Andover Theological Seminary, also by Elders Nutter, Simeon Swett, Hiram
Stephens, Enos George and Dr. Blake now of Gilmanton N. H. One of the Andover students, Rev.
Mr. Fiske, was instrumental during the year 1833, in
obtaining the first Sunday School Library.
DEACONS.
Noah Home, Jeremy Wingate, Daniel
George M. Herring.
These have
all
Hayes,
eminent
community.
labors of Dea. Herring
rendered, in
days past,
service to the cause of Christ in this
To the patient and efficient
the church has at times felt it has owed almost its
As Sunday School Supt. lay-preachvery existence.
of
er and an earnest worker in all departments
christian activity, his character may be held up to
* signifies acting pastor.
f
signifies installed pastor.
�13
community as a shining example of what may be
accomplished by one individual who day by day seeks
through God's grace in the heart, to mould his life
this
after the pattern of the
Divine Master.
First Congregational Church Farmington.
M KMBERS.
Those marked
1819
($)
are deceased;
(t)
are dismissed to other churches
Benjamin Furber
Peter
f
Akerman
Noah Ham
Mary Furber
Mehitable Hayes
Mary Furber
Rebecca Richardson
P. T. Richardson
% 1845 Dea. G. M. Herring
Mrs. E. E. Herring
Mrs. W. Colbath
t
1850 S. P. Hayes
1851 Mrs. L. Littlefield
J 1852 G. W. Goodwin
Ephraim Kimball
Mrs. E. Kimball
Theodore Furber
Abigail Furber
Betsey Furber
1821 Dea. J. Wingate
1822
Wentworth Emerson
1822 Wili'm Clifford
1823
John Walker
Luke Furber
Mary Furber
t
1853
t
X
G. A. Titcomb
Mrs. Susan Dame
Mrs. E. F. Eastman
Abigail Hayes
Emily Furber
Mrs. Abi'l Roberts
Mrs. E. Richardson
Neh. Eastman
Rich. R. Hayes
Eph. Richardson
Geo. Richardson
Martha A. Eastman
J
X
t
X
Miss C. R. Edgerly
Mrs. M. A. Bunker
1856 Mrs. M. A. Roberts
1858 Miss Ada Tappan
Mrs. E. A. Jarvis
J. Hutchinson
S.
X
1
t
Samuel Prav
t
t
Wiggin
Mrs. M. Kimball
1860 Rev. R. M. Sargent
E. G. Sargent
Mrs. Fan'y Sargent
Dea. N. Chamberlin
1859
Eunice Home
Mrs. Lydia Hayes
1841
Eliza Wingate
MissPhcEbe Hayes
Miss S. F. Cooke
t
Martha Hayes
t
F. Johnson
Mrs. M. E. Titcomb
Mrs D. C. Glidden
M. Tappan
X 1854 Mrs. A.
Miss B. Furbush
Miss Mary Pray
f
1855 Mrs. A. F. Hayes
Miss A. M. Hayes
Miss L. A. Hayes
|
Dea. D. Hayes
Betsey Hayes
Mary Davis
Nancy Wingate
W.
t
1836 Mrs. J. C. Wingate
1840
Mc. F. Cooke
Chas. F. Cooke
f
Mehitable Furber
Elizabeth Roberts
1820
1843
1 1843
�14
Chamberlin
Mrs. E. J. Edgerly
Mrs. L. Lyman
Dor'thy Colbath
Miss C. A. Edgerly
1860 Israel
1860 Abig'l
Mary
Hayes
E. Barker
T. A. Jones
t
t
Miss Velmer Waldron
Miss. L. L. Cooke
Mrs. Geo. E. Roberts
1872 Mrs. Alonzo Nute
Albert E. Putnam
Mrs. A. E. Putnam
Jared P. Tibbetts
Mary E. Scruton
Mary E. Wingate
1874
Mary Barnard
X
1861
1
1862 Mrs.
Ann
1864 Meht'le
1865
1871
t
Chesley
Hayes
Eliz'th Tibbetts
Sarah B. Marsh
Harriet L. Wingate
Mary E. Mathes
t
E. Grace Herring
Ella M. Edgerly
Waldron
Marion P. Waldron
1866 Eliza J.
%
%
X
t
Mrs. E. Richardson
Josiah Oilman
Abigail Gilman
Geo. K. Smith
1868 Sarah E. Dudley
1869 Mrs. John Nute
Mrs. E. J. Hurd
Isaac Glidden
D. W. Edgerly
Ellen A. Edgerly
Hosea B. Edgerly
Maria H. Edgerly
Mrs. C. V. Fernald
James F. Safford
Martha A. Safford
Lenora H. Gammon
Arthur T.Waldron
Lizzie L. Pearl
Ellen R. Glidden
Mrs. Marion H. Smith
+
+
William Wingate
Dan'l W. Kimball
Chas. B. Wingate
Charles Hayes
1875
1876
B. Pierce
Mrs. D. Pierce
t
Dan. P. Cilley
Rev.P. H. Pitkin
Mrs. R. E. Pitkin
Mrs- E. A. Flanders
W.
t
David T. Parker
Clara C. Parker
Henry H. Hayes
Maria F. Edgerly
John Haynes
Sibbel A. Haynes
Adelade E. Hayes
SUMMARY.
WHOLE MEMBERSHIP.
MAXES.
FEMALES.
TOTAL,
44
95
139
16
25
41
1
20
27
Memb.
21
50
"
"
19
37
56
2
13
15
Deceased
Dismissed
1876 Jan.
Resident
Nnn
"
71
�16
PASTOR'S CALL CARD OR NOTE.
The
early
object of this is to open the way, for easy and
communication with the pastor of this church,
any persons in the community who may desire to
His time being necessarily limited, prolonged calls cannot be expected.
to
see him.
SUBJECTS.
1
Questions of Personal Duty.
2 Questions of Personal Experience.
3 Questions of Bible Teaching.
4 Questions in regard to Trials, Burdens
5 Conversation
&
Cares.
and Prayer with the Sick.
6 Questions relating to
Work
for Christ.
7
Questions of Concern for others.
8
Cases which need Pastoral Attention.
or in your note, one of the
above questions or any other upon which you may
desire to converse. Hand or send to your pastor, stating when you wish him to call upon you or when you
wish to call at his study.
The way will thus be at once opened for an easy
and a free interchange of thought during his or vour
Write on your card,
call.
Sickness. In case of illness remember that the pasexpected to know the facts, unless you
have taken the pains to inform him.
Remember also that an invitation is always an assurance to him that his calls are acceptable.
Do not wait till the body becomes exhausted and the
mind beclouded before sending for spiritual advice.
Consult the sick, and. if necessary, the attending
tor cannot be
physician, as to the appropriate time.
If aware of any cases of poverty or distress, calling
for christian sympathy and help, which you alone cannot alleviate, be careful to make them known, in a
quiet way. to one of the Deacons.
�TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHURCH.
Do you make
self-sacrifices in order to
church a pleasant christian home
make
this
for all of Christ's
true followers?
Have you spoken
whom
at the last
communion?
Were you
upon the members
and who united with us
not, why?
to or called
you voted into our
fold
If
Prayer Meeting? If not, why?
If present, did you contribute in any way to make it
profitable and interesting to yourself and others?
at the last
Do you pray daily for the members of the household with which you are connected? If not, will your
reason appear good at the close of life?
Do you earnestly pray and labor for the Sunday
School and all the interests of this Church? Please
consider 1 Thes. 5: 14, 15; Heb. 10: 24, 25; Eph.
5:
27.
���
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Documents, Papers, & Articles
Digital File
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1876 Manual First Congregational Church Farmington NH
Description
An account of the resource
An 1876 manual from the First Congregational Church of Farmington NH, which contains information about the church from that year, as well as historical information, from previous eras in the local church.
This is a digital file and does not exist in the physical museum collection.
FHS-Kyle Leach
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Pitkin, Paul Henry; Hayes, Richard R; Edgerly, Daniel W; First Congregational Church (Farmington, N.H.)
Publisher
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Pitkin, Paul Henry; Hayes, Richard R; Edgerly, Daniel W; First Congregational Church (Farmington, N.H.)
Date
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1876
Contributor
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Digitizing sponsor Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
Contributor Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
1876
documents
First Congregational Church
people
religion
service
spirituality
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a10641f8f5b794aaf1980c82b8e09c2f
PDF Text
Text
TOWJI O F F A R I U N G T O N
1810
Akerman,
Peter
Downing,
Akerman,
Phinehas
Downs, James
Allerd,
Benj
Downs, Jno
W
m
A u s t i n , Wd. Phebe
Durgen, D a n i e l
B a r b e r , Joseph.
Durgen, J o s e p h
B e c k , Sam
Edgerly,
Bennet,' W
m
Emerson, J o s e p h
Berry,
Ferber, Rich
Solomon
Bunker, Benj
_'
Josiah
Folsom, J e r e
Bunker, L n o c h
French,
Burnham, E n o c h
F r e n c h , David J r .
Canney, B e n j
French,
Gilbert
Canney, D a n i e l
French,
James
Canney,
F r e n c h , James J r .
Isaac
David
Canney, J o h n
French, Jon
Canney, Joseph'
French,
Canney, Thos
French, Stephen
Chesley, Benj
F r e n c h , Wd K e z i a h
C h e s l e y , Lemuel
Furber, Benj
Colbeth, Charles
Furber,
Colbeth,
F u r b e r , Sam
Huncan
Joseph
Joel
C o l b a t h , Hunkin J r .
F u r b e r , Samuel E .
C o o l b a t h , Winthrop
F u r b e r , Theodore
Dame, Hoses
G a r l a n d , Nath
Dame, Simon
Garland,
Dame, Tim
G r a y , Sam
D a v i s , Thos
Gray, Stephen
Demerett, P a u l
Trustram
Green, David
�(2)
TOm OF FAEMINGTOH
1810
(cont)
G4?een, Simon
Home, Nathaiiii
liam, Ben;j
Home, Nathan
Ham, Jolm
Horne, Noah
Ham, Thos
-Home, P a u l
Hanson,
Home, W
m
Isaac
Hanson, Moses
Hanson, Hoses J r .
Hayes, D a n i e l
Hussy, Micah
Hayes, D a n i e l
Jenness, Jere
Hayes, Wd Hannah
Jones, Joseph
Hayes, Hejjekiah
Jones, Joseph J r
fiayes,
Jones, Sam
Ichabod
Jenness, I s a a c
Hayes, Ichabod J r .
Jones, Sam 5rd
Hayes, I s a a c
Jones, Samuel E .
Hayes, John
Kimball, Ephraim
Hayes, Sam
Knight, Chas
Hayes, Wentworth
Knight, Robt
Hayes, W
m
Knight, W
m
Hodgdon, Wd Mary
Lamer, Thos. P
Hodgdon, Wd Sarah
L e a t h e r s , Thqs
Hodgdon, Samuel
Leighton, Geo
Holmes, I s a a c
Leighton, J a s
Holms, Sam
Leighton, John
Holms, Sam
Leighton, John
Home, D a n i e l
Leighton, John J r
Home, Eben
Leighton, Jos
Home, Enoch
Leighton, L e v i
Home, Joseph
Leighton, Sam J r
Home, Moses
Leighton, Sam 5rd
�(3)
TOm
OF lARmNGTON
1810 ( c o n t )
J-eighton, Th
Reid, Benj 31'd
Leighton, Thos
Richardson, Lemeul
Leighton, W
m
Richardson, Lemsul
Libby, Benj
'iiicker, E z e k i e l
Mead, John
Rig, B e n j . J r
Meder, E l i j a h
Roberts, David
Meder, E l i j a h J r
Roberts, Ephraim
Murry, John
Roberts, James
Nute, Abraham
Robertson, John
Nnte, Sam
Roberts, John
Nutter, James
Savory, R i c h a r d
Nutter, John H
Scruton, Jonathan
Nutter, Nelson D
Seavey, Joshua
Nutter, Sam N. Nutter
Seavey, Samuel
Nutter, Stephen
O t i s , Lemuel
S i r u t o r y , Wd P a u l i n e
Stevens, Tim
Thompson, James
O t i s , Micajah
Thompson, John
P e a r l , Ichabod
Thompson, Joseph J r
P e a r l , Johii§:K^n^
T i b b e t s , Edmund
Pearl', Sarah
Tibbets, S i l a s
Peavey, Anthony
Twomblee, P e t e r ' I c o a w * ^ * , r&ol
Peavey, D a n i e l
Twom—y, James.
I'OL-T^-L^SC
Caleb
Pinkhan, D a n i e l
Pinkham, Sam
Pinkham, Sam J r
„
^
• «D
Varney, D a n i e l
Varney, F e s t u s
,
,
Varney, Miles
Rand, E l e a z e r
Rand, Lemuel,
Reid, Benj
"-it-
�TOWN O P gAJmiNGTON 1810 ( c o n t )
Wentworth, Jon
'Wentworth, Jon TtZ^
Whitehouse, Moses
Whitehouse,
W
m
Winglktlrf tro'hn
Wingate, Edmimd
Wingate, John J r
Wingate, Stephen
Wingate, W
m
Wigglesvrorth, Sam
Young, Joseph
�
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1810 List Of Residents Of Farmington
Description
An account of the resource
A typed list, on onion paper, of residents of Farmington in 1810. There are written notations and additions to the list. This document was typed at a later time, probably because the original was degrading beyond recognition. Size 8.5x11
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1810
document
family
list
people
residents
-
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Text
LIBRARIES
NYPL RESEARCH
3
3 3433 08178175
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\
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"
y
�May
1913
�GAZETTEER
STATE OF
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
THREE PARTS
IN
CONTAININOf
1.
A comprehensive Geogi-aphical and J
Statistical
view of the whole State, con-
veniently disposed under separate heads.
description of each county, town,
2.
or location in the State ; also of its lakes,
rivers, ponds, and mountains, with many
other subjects of topographical dstail, alphabetically arranged.
A
,
Topographical and Statiitical tables
arranged ; shewing the
course and distance on a direct line from
Portsmouth, Concord, Boston, and Port*
land. Also, the number of miles by the
roads as commonly travelled.—Number of
cattle, horses, kc.
3.
1 alphabetically
J
<
?
<
<
i
COMPILED FROM THE BEST AT7TE0BTTIES, BT
^.LIPHALET MERRILL
AND THE LATE
EXETER
PRINTED BY
C.
NORRIS
FttrNEl^A;^ PiERBILL, Esd
:
& CO. FOR THE
ia-17.
AUTHORS,
�New-Hampshire
District, ss.
BE IT REMEMBERED, that on this thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord,
one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and in the fortieth year of the IndepeKdcnee of the Unitefl
States of America, ELIPH ALET MERRILL, of the said District, hath deposited in this Oflice,
the
title
of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit:
State of New-Hampshire, in three parts : containing,
Geographical and Statistical view of the \\hole State, conveniently dis-
" A Gazetter of the
"
1.
A comprehensive
posed under separate heads.
" 2. A description of each cotmty, town, or location in the State ; also of its lakes, rivers, ponds,
and mountains, with many other subjects of topographical detail, alphabetically arranged.
" 3. Topographical and Statistical tables alphabetically arranged shewing the cotirse and distance on a direct line from Portsmouth, Concord, Boston, and Portland. Also, the number of miles
by the roads as commonly travelled.— Number of cattle, horses, &c. Compiled from the best authorities by Eliphalet Merrill and the late Phinehas Merrill, Esq."
In confon*ity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, "An Act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books to the authors and proprietors thereof during the times therein mentioned ; and also to an Act, entiSed, " An Act, supplementary to an Act, entitled, An Act, for the encouragement of learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Charts, and Books to the authors and proprietors of such cepies during the times therein mentioned ; and extending the benefits thereof to the Arts of Designing, Eugraring and EtcUing historical and other prints."
W. PRESCOTT, Clerk of District Court I', S., N. H. District.
A true copy.
Attwt,
W. PRESCOTT, Clerk.
;
GEORGE
GBORGE
f
NEV
IJPUSLIC Lt^RAHV
-,
S
Astor,
Urcx wiij TWen
^
FwH<latioo$.
^
1890
�PREFACE.
WHEN any town
mentioned such questions as the following
who are unacquainted with it. Where
is it situated ? What towns lie contiguous to it ? What is its distance from some capital or emporium, &c. ? Morses Ga25etteer
mentions the most of our towns, but the description rarely includes
any thing more than the county in which it is situated, or at most
its distance from some neighbouring town.
The map of NewHampshire will completely answer many of these questions, but
these maps are not numerous and are very unfit for transportation.
is
perpetually recur to those
Indeed, a large proportion of our citizens feel themselves unable
means of information, but would gladly
pay the price of a condensed Gazetteer. Such an one is now offered them in the smallest space, it is thought, that can comprise
the necessary matterto obtain either of these
The method adopted
instance to collect •authentic matethe best information in every
township in the state. In these letters were enumerated the nature of the information desired.
The attention which these letters generally received deserves our warmest thanks.
rials
was
The
in this
to address letters to
men of
sources from whence
we derived our
historical informa-
&c. have been
very numerous and are the most authentic which now exist; such
as Winthrop, Morton, Mather, Prince, Hutchinson, Morse, and
^rish ; but particularly Belknap. Nor must we while noticing
authors and the liberal aid and patronage of individuals, omit to
acknowledge that of the state.
tion of the first settlement of the state, Indian wars,
Since the decease of
my
beloved brother,
who was
associated
as co-partner in this work, there has been an unaroidable delay of
but by the assistance of several literary gentlemen,
respectfully submitted to a candid public.
ita publication,
it is
now
ELIPHALET MERRILL.
Northrvood, Juney 1817.
��A GENERAL VIEW,
GEOGRAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL
OF THE
STATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE,
ARRANGED UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADS.
AKD ExTENT. BOUNDARIES AND DIVISIONS. AlH, ClIMATE, AND SeAS0N3.
Face of the Country, Mountains. Rivers, and other Waters. Canals and
Turnpikes. Monuments, ^nd other Relics of Indians. Forest Trees and
Vegetable Phoductions. Soil and Awriculture. Domestic and Wild AniGovernment,
Caverns, Fossils, and Minerals.
mals. Birds and Fishes.
Military Strength. Fortifications. Religion.
Constitution, and Laws.
Mai^ners and Customs. Literary, and Scientific Institutions. Colleges,
Banks, Insurance Companies. PROORESstVE Population. Manufactories. Commerce, Societies, and State Prison.
"SlTtTATION
SITUATION, BOUNDARIES, DIVISIONS,
&c.
^ HE
State of New-Hampshire lies between 42" 41' and 45°
of north latitude and between 70° 40' and 72° 28' of longitude
west from the royal observatory of Greenwich. Its length from
the northern to southern extremity is one hundred and sixty
Its greatest breadth measured from the entrance
eight miles.
of Piscataqua harbour, to the mouth of west River, which falls
into Connecticut river, opposite the town of Chesterfield is nine11'
ty miles.
It is bounded on the south by the state of Massachusetts,
from which it is divided by a line, beginning on the sea shore,
at a point three miles northward of the mouth of the river
Merrimack
pursuing a course corresponding to the curvature
;
of that river, at the same distance and ending at a point 3 miles
north from Pautuck Falls in the town of Dracut.
From this
point, the line extends on in a western direction, until it crosses
Connecticut river and ends on its western bank, the distance being fifty miles.
The line called the due west line, was measured and marked
He was ordered by Gov. Belcher
1741, by Richard Hazen.
to allow ten degrees for the westerly variation of the needle.
This doctrine of the variation was even less imperfectly known
at that time than it now is.
It is supposed that the variation
at that time, and in that place, was not more than eight degrees.
�6
GENEBAL VIEW.
In 1773 each end of the line was accurately examined, by
observations, made by Thomas Wright, one of Capt.
Holland's company of surveyors ; when the western extremity
was found to decline from the eastern, two minutes and fiftyseven seconds of latitude. This was computed to make a difference of 59,870 acres of land, which would have been gained
by New-Hampshire, if the line had been run with correctness.
From the point where this line strikes Connecticut river, up
to the forty-fifth degree of latitude, the western bank of that
river is the western boundary of New- Hampshire, and eastern
boundary of Vermont.
celestial
On
its
eastern side, New-Hampshire is bounded by the Atfrom the first mentioned point, 3 miles northward
lantic ocean,
of the mouth of Merrimack river, along the shore to the middle
of the main entrance of Plscataqua harbour
which distance is
computed to he about 18 miles. Thence the boundary line runs
Up the middle of the river, to its most northerly head, which is
a pond situated partly in the town of Wakefield and partly in
Shapley, in the county of York. The distance of this pond
from the mouth of the harbour is 35 miles N., 20° W. From
the head of this pond, according to the royal determination,
in 1740, the dividing line was run N. 2° W. until 120 miles
were finished from Piscataqua harbour, or until it met with
other territories belonging to his majesty. The reason of mentioning this specific distance, in the decree, was, that 120 miles
was thf; extent of the province of INIaine. At that time no oth;
er
government subject
to
the British
crown
lay in that direc-
In 1763, the new province of Quebec was erected; and
its southern boundary was a line passing along the high lands,
which divide the rivers, that empty themselves into the river
By the treaSt. Lawrence, from those which fall into the sea.
ty of peace, between America and Britain, in 1783, all the lands
southward of that line, reckoning it from the eastward to the
northwest head of Connecticut river, and thence parallel to the
middle of said river, to the forty-fifth degree of north latitude,
tion.
were ceded
The
Quebec.
United States.
bounded on the north by the British province of
to the
state
is
The
northern extremity of this
marked N. E. New-Hampshire, 1789.
line, is
a birch tree,
extends along
the high lands, seventeen miles and 207 rods, to the head of the
exat which
northwestern branch of Connecticut river
Thence the
tremity is a Fir tree, inscribed N.H. N.W. 1789.
boundary descends to the forty-fifth degree of latitude, by the
It contains
middle of the northwestern branch of the river.
9,491 square miles or 6,074,240 acres, of which at least 100,000
acres are covered with water.
This
line
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
The
state is
,
7
divided into six counties, viz. Rockingham,
and Coos, which see
Strafford, Hillsborough, Cheshire, Grafton,
their respective names.
Air^ Climate^
Seasons. The air of New-Hampshire is generally pure and salubrious;northwest,west and southwest winds are
the most prevalent, east winds prevail along the sea coast, in the
spring, which are extremely piercing and disagreeable, but not
under
y
—
unwholesome. The weather is less variable than in the middle
and especially the southern states, and more so than in Canada.
The extremes of cold and heat, according to 'Fahrenheit's
Thermometer, is from 20° below to 100 above 0. The medium
is from 48° to 50°.
The winter commonly commences in its
severity about the middle of December.
Cattle are sheltered from about the 20th November to the 1st of May. There
has been frosts in every month in the year, though not in the
same season and not in a very injurious degree.
Instances of sudden changes in the weather are noticed in the
;
earliest accounts of the country.
In 1658,
when
the apple trees
were in blossom,there came on such a sudden and severe cold,that
in a fishing boat belonging to Hampton, one man died before it
could reach the shore, another was so chilled that he died in a
few days, and a third lost his feet. This instance is remark-
The common time for the apple trees to blossom, is
about the third week in May, but they blossom earlier or later
according to the degrees of heat.
On the 11th day of May^
1769, and again on May 8, ISOt, when the trees were in blossom an unusual flight of snow covered them, and continued two
days, so as to produce sleighing.
In a very warm autumn the earliest apple trees have produced blossoms ; and roses have bloomed in the month of October ;
but these appearances are rare.
In the spring, the trees which have been cut down the preceding year, are burned in the new plantations.
If the season
be dry, the flames have spread in the woods, and a large extent
of forest has been on fire at once.
From these numerous fires, arise immense clouds of smoke,
mingled with burnt leaves of the trees, which are carried to a
great^ distance by the wind.
These clouds meeting with other
vapours in the atmosphere, sometimes produce very singular appearances.
The darkness of 19th May, 1780, was probably
caused by such a combination of vapours.
Fires had spread
very extensively in the woods, and westerly winds had driven
the smoke over the country.
It was so thick for several preceding days near the horizon, that the sun disappeared an hour
before its sitting, and in the low grounds it was almost sulTocating.
The morning of the 19th of May was cloudy, with some
able.
�GENERAL
8
\'IEW.
and a black cloud appeared in the southwest, from which
The rain water and the surface of rivwas heard thunder.
ers, was covered with a sooty scum.
The remains of a snow
drift, which had been clean the preceding day became black,
several small birds flew into the houses, and others were found
About two hours before noon
dead abroad from suffocation.
the clouds assumed a brassy appearance
after which their colour became a dusky grey and at an hour after noon, it was necrain
;
;
;
essary to light candles.
At the greatest obscurity the smoke of a chimney was observed to rise perpendicular, and then decline to the west.
thick fog which came in from the sea, moved along the hill tops
in the same direction.
The extent of this darkness was more than two hundred miles
from north to south. To the westward, it extended beyond
Albany, and it was observed by a vessel at sea, fifteen leagues
eastward of Cape Anne.
The darkness varied its appearance in some places through
the afternoon ; but in the maritime towns of New-Hampshire,
there was no variation of it ; and the evening presented a complete specimen of as total darkness as can be conceived.
Before midnight the vapours disappeared, and the next morning there was no appearance of them.
The Aurora-borealis was first noticed in New-Hampshire,
December 11th, 1719.
The aged people say it is not so common now as formerly. It sometimes appears in the form of a
luminous arch extending from east to west, but more commonly rises from a dark convexity in the north, and flashes upwards
In a calm night, and in the intervals betowards the zenith.
tween gentle flaws of wind, an attentive ear, in a retired situaThis
tion, may perceive it to be accompanied with a sound.
luminous appearance has been observed in all seasons of the
year ; in extreme heat and cold and all intermediate degrees.
The colour of the streams is sometimes variegated with white,
blue, yellow, and red, the lustre of which reflected from the
snow, is an appearance highly beautiful and interesting.
A
—
Face of the Country^ Sea-Coast, £sf Mountains. The whole exfrom its southern boundary, to the mouth
tent of the sea coast,
of Piscataqua harbour, is about 1 8 miles. The shore is generally a sandy beach, within which are salt marshes, intersected
by creeks. There are several coves convenient for fishing vessels ; but the only harbour for ships is the entrance of the Piscataqua, where the shore is rocky.
Some ledges and points of
rocks are situated to the southward of the harbour of Rye ; but
Two bluffs on*
there is no remarkable head land on the coast.
�GENERAL VIEW.
9
above the level of the sea, which are called
Boars heads these are in the town of Hampton.
For twenty or thirty miles from the sea, the country is either level, or variegated by little hills and vallies. Then commence the
first range of mountains continued through the.towns of Milton,
The
Farmington, Barrington, Nottingham, and Nl&rthwood.
several summits are distinguished by different names, as Teniy appear elevated
great and
little
;
Beyond these are several deeriff, Saddle-back, Tuckaway, &c.
tached mountains of considerable elevation. Moose mountain in
Major in Alton, Gunstock, Gilmanton
Brookfield, Mont
Farther back the mountains rise higher, and
mountains, &c.
among the third range, Chocorcea, Osslpee, and Kearsarge claim
Beyond these is the lofty ridge which is
the pre-eminence.
.commonly called the height of land. In this ridge is the grand
Monadnock,(see Jaffrey,) Sunapee, and Moosehillock (see FishThis ridge is continued northwesterly,
ersfield and Coventry.)
dividing the waters of the river Connecticut, from those of Saco
and Amariscoggin. Here the mountains rise much higher, and
the
most elevated summits
whicH see.
in this range, are the
White moun-
tains,
—
^
Nature has formed such relaother xvaters,
between mountains and rivers, that in describing the one,
we are unavoidably led to speak of the other.
Rivers^
tions
New-Hampshire is so situated, that five of the largest rivers
New-England, either take their rise within its limits, or reThese are the
ceive much of their waters from its mountains.
in
Connecticut, Amariscoggin, Saco, Merrimack, and Piscataqua.
For a more particular description of these rivers and other waters, see their respective
names.
—
Canals £?* Turnpikes. The Pemigewasset Canal Company,
incorporated June 20, 1804, for the purpose of cutting a canal
by Webster's falls in said river, near the house of Ebenezer
Contoocook Canal Company, incorporated DecemEastman.
ber 13, 1804, for the purpose of cutting a canal by the falls in
Concord, and also where said river empties into the Merrimack.
The Piscataquog Canal CompaHy,for cutting a canal from Gale's
mills, in the town of Weare, to Parker's landing in Bedford,
incorpoi'ated June 18, 1806. The White River Falls Company,
incorporated June 12, 1807, for the purpose of cutting canals
and locking the falls on Connecticut river, and making it navigable for lumber and boats, from the head of White river fails,
between Lebanon and Hartford, at the upper bar, to the foot of
the falls at the lower bar.
The great Ossipee Canal Company,
2
�10
GENERAli VIEW.
^
incorporated June 19, 1807, for cutting, slipping, and canalling
Ossipee river and falls, from Ossipee pond to the province line.
Bow Canal Company, incorporated June 11, 1808 ; for the purpose of cutting and opening a canal in Merrimack river, and
Turkey river falls, in the town of Bow.
The Union Locks and Canal. This company is empowered to
clear the Merrimack river from Reed's ferry to Amoskeag
falls, and to constitute and maintain such locks and dams as
shall be necessary for rendering the same navigable for boats.
The Merrimack Boating Company, incorporated June, 1812.
Winnipiseogee River Canal Company, incorporated June, 1812.
Hillsborough and Strafford Company, incorporated December
For various others, see rivers, &c.
16, 1812.
.
— The
New-Hampshire turnpike road extends
in Durham, to Merrimack river, in Concord.
Its course is westerly through Durham, Lee, a corner
of Barrington, Nottingham, Northwood, Epsom, Chichester, and
Was incorporated June, 1796. The second
thence to Concord.
turnpike road in N. H. extends from the lottery hj-idge in Claremont, to the plain in Amherst. Incorporated December 26,
Turnpikes.
from Piscataqua bridge
—
Its course is southerly, from Claremont, through Unity,
1799.
Lempster, Washington, north corner of Windsor, southwest
corner of Hillsborough, northeast corner of Antrim, part of
Francestown, southwest corner of New- Boston,
Dcering,
through Mount-Vernon to Amherst, a distance of nearly fifty
miles.
The third turnpike road extends from Bellows' falls in Walpole, on Connecticut river, through a part of Westmoreland
and Surry, thence through Keene, Marlborough, Jaffrey, NewIpswich, and a corner of Mason, to the south line of the state,
near Ashby in Massachusetts, a distance of 45 miles. Incorporated December 27, 1799.
The fourth turnpike road in N. H. extends from the east
bank of Connecticut river in the town of Lebanon, nearly opIts course is southeast
posite the mouth of White river.
through Lebanon, Enfield, a corner of Grafton, Springfield, Wilmot, Andover, and New-Salisbury, to Merrimack river in Boscawen, about 40 miles. Incorporated December, 1800. Branch
Road and Bridge Company, incorporated June 16, 1802, This
road extends from the south line of the town of Fitzwilliam to
the village in Keene about 14 miles.
Its course is northwest,
and through Marlborough. The 5th N.H. turnpike road not yet
commenced. The 6th N. H. Turnpike and Bridge Company was
incorporated June 16, 1802.
The bridge is over Connecticut
river, between the towns of Hinsdale and Brattleborough.
;
•
�GENERAL \1KW.
i I
extends from said bridge through Hinsdale and WinDover turnchester to the line of Massachusetts at Warwick.
pike road extending from Dover landing, near the bridge,
through Somersworth to Salmon-fall river. The compan)^ was
incorporated December 21, 1803.
The Coos turnpike road leading from Haverhill to Warren ;
about 12 miles southeast course was incorporated December
The road
—
29,1803.
Orford turnpike road was incorporated December 27, 1803,
and leads from Orford bridge, to Aiken's bridge in Wentworth.
The 10th turnpike road in N. H. extends from the upper line
in Bartlett, through the notch in the White hills about 20 miles
and was incorporated December 28, 1803.
;
The Charleston
turnpike, incorporated
December
27",
1803,
and extends from the easterly bank of Connecticut river, through
the central part of Charleston and Ackworth to the second N.H.
turnpike in Lempster
about 12 miles.
The Mahew turnpike, incorporated December 29, 1803, and
extends from a Mr. Burleigh's in New-Chester, to the east side
of New-found pond, thence through Plymouth and Rumney to
the Coos turnpike
a distance of about 46 miles.
extending
Chester turnpike, incorporated June 12, 1804
about fourteen miles a southeast course from Pembroke, through
Allenstown and Candia to Chester street.
The Londonderry turnpike, incorporated June, 1804, extends from Butter's corner in Concord, to the state line near
Andover bridge, Massachusetts. Its course from Concord is
about southeast, through Bow to Isle-Hookset bridge, thence
through Chester, Londonderry, the easterly corner of Windham
and Salem to the state line, a distance of about 35 miles.
Grafton turnpike road extending from near Orford bridge
over Connecticut river through Lime, the northeast corner of
Hanover, Canaan, the westerly part of Orange, Grafton, Danbury, New-Chester
and unites with the 4th N. H. turnpike
;
;
;
;
in
New- Andover
erly,
northwest corner. Its course is south*
and distance about 35 miles, and was incorporated June
in its
21, 1804.
The Jefferson turnpike, incorporated December 11th, 1804,
extending from the extremity of the 10th N. H. turnpike, through
Bretton woods, Jefferson, and Lancaster to the meeting house,
in a northerly direction about 18 miles.
The Croydon turnpike,
incorporated June 21, 1804 ; and extends from or near the
branch turnpike, where it intersects the 4th turnpike in Lebanon, thence through or between Plainfield and Enfield, New-
Grantham, Croydon, New-Port, and Lempster, until it strikes
the 2d turnpike in Washington.
Length about 35 miles.
�12
GENERAL VIEW.
.
Cheshire turnpike, incorporated December 13, 1804, and extends from Connecticut river to Charleston meeting-house, in
a southerly course through Langdon, a part of Walpole, AlDisstead, and Surry to the third N. H. turnpike in Keene.
tance 20 miles.
Ashuelot turnpike, incorporated June 18,1 807, and leads from
the turnpike in Winchester through Richmond to Fitzwilliam
village in an easterly course about fifteen miles.
Ringe turnpike, incorporated June 12, 1807, and extends
from the state line in the southwest corner of New-Ipswich to
the Branch turnpike leading from Keene to Boston.
The Cornish turnpike, incorporated December 9, 1808, extends from Cornish bridge and intersects the Croydon turnpike
at
Newport, distant 11 miles.
The Fitzwilliam
Village turnpike, incorporated December 9,
The
1809, and extends from Fitzwilliam to the state line.
large
above named turnpike roads are generally completed.
number more are incorporated, and some of them Avill soon be
A
passable.
Within the
last
twenty years, the
roads in
this state
have
much improved, so that communication between the
Much however remains
distant parts of it is much facilitated.
been
be done, especially in the northern part of the state.
Several canals are in contemplation and will undoubtedly
One for uniting the wabe completed in a few years.
ters of the Connecticut with the Merrimack through Suncompany is incorporated for
apee lake— (see Sunapee lake.)
cutting a canal from Winnipiseogee lake to Cocheco river at
Dover ; this rout has been surveyed and marked. Another for
to
A
opening a communication from Winnipiseogee lake to MerriFrom the best information I can obtain, we have
river.
now open for travel 300 miles of turnpike road, and 300 more
will soon be opened.
mack
—
£if Relics of Indians.
In describing any country,
natural to make some inquiry concerning the vestiges of
It is well known, that the original naits ancient inhabitants.
tives of this part of the country were not ambitious of perpetuating their memory by durable monuments. Their invention was
chiefly employed, either in providing for their subsistence, by
hunting, fishing, and planting, or guarding against and surprisTheir houses and canoes were constructed
ing their enemies.
Their mode of travelling was to t^ke
of perishable materials.
all possible advantage of water carriage, and to shorten distances, by transporting their birch canoes, which were convenient
Their manner of
for the purpose, across the necks of land.
Monuments^
it is
�GENERAL VIEW.
taking
fish
was
lli
by entangling them in wears or in scoop
them with spears. They took quadrupeds in
either
nets, or striking
traps or pitfalls, or shot them, as well as birds, with arrows.
For the construction of their canoes and houses they used hatchIn cooking their meat they eiets, chisels, and gouges of stone.
on coals or on a wooden grate, or roasted it on
it in kettles of stone.
Their com was
pounded in mortars of wood, with pestles of stone. Their bread
was baked on flat stones set before the fire, or in green leaves
Clam shells served them for spoons, and
laid under hot ashes.
their fingers for knives and forks.
They had no sharper instruOf
ments than could be formed of stones, shells, or bones.
these, the two last are of a perishable nature but of the first, relics are often found in the places of their former residence,
generally in the neighbourhood of waterfalls and other convenient fishing places.
There is in the possession of a gentleman
of this state, a piece of bone, on which is engraven the bust of a
man, apparently in the agonies of death.
The countenance is
savage, and the work well executed.
The bone with the figure
on it was found on the shore of Little-bay ,in the riverPiscataqua.
The cellars in whichthey preserved their corn, are discovered
in the new settlements, and their graves are frequently seen.
Most of the skeletons appear to be in a sitting posture, and some
remains of the instruments, which were supposed necessary
to their subsistence, ornament, or defence, in the " country of
souls," are found with them, particularly the stone-pipe for
smoking tobacco, of v/hich there are several varieties.
ther broiled
a forked
it
stick, or boiled
;
In a piece of interval land near Ossipee pond, is a mound of
earth overgrown with pine, in which, at the depth of two feet,
several skeletons have been discovered, buried with the face
downwards. At Exeter, about 23 years ago, the remains of an
infant skeleton were dug up.
It was in a perpendicular posture, and had been enclosed in a hollow log.
Some strings of
wampum were found near it, and several spoons, apparently of
European manufacture.
Ferest trees
£sf
Vegetable productions,
—The
botany of this
would furnish an extensive subject if treated scientifically,
and with the minuteness due to its importance.
It would of itstate,
;
volume. After attending to the following dethe great variety of our vegetable productions may be eas-
self deserve a
tails,
ily
imagined.
The
grow to a degree of luxuriance, and
abundance and variety. The common forest trees are
elm, sassafras, wild cherry ,bass wood, locust, and birch, of which
we have four species ; of the oak four, walnut three, one of
native forest trees
in profuse
�M
GENERAL VIEW.
which, called oil nvit or butter nut, the extract of the bark of
which, is a most excellent cathartic. It neither produces gripings nor leaves the patient costive, and may be made efficacious
without hazard,by increasing the quantity administered. Its operation is easy andsafe,even to the most delicate constitution. It is a
most excellent family medicine, and well calculated for hospitals,
navies, and armies. Of the beech and pine there are three species of the former and seven of the latter
hemlock, spruce, fir,
chestnut, hornbeam, button-wood, red and white cedar, poplar,
and red, white, and black, or rock maple, which last has obtained
the nanie of sugar maple, and a variety of other trees not named, are also common in our forests.
It isnot our intention to treat systematically of the natural history of the state, or describe with botanical accuracy, the indigenous vegetables, which it contains but briefly to notice such
as are endowed with remarkable qualities, either salutary or
noxious.
Those that are salutary, are the grape, black and red currant,
wild gooseberry, cranberry, common and superb raspberry,
brambleberrj-, running and upright blackberry, strawberry, and
bayberry.
The ginseng, so much esteemed by the Chinese, is
found in great plenty in the western part of the state, and the
It was forfurther north it is found, the better is its quality.
merly thought that the ginseng grew only in China and Tartary ;
but it was discovered in America about 1750, and some specimens of it sent to England, and from thence to China, and was,
on trial, acknowledged, by the Chinese themselves, to be the
same with the oi'iental ginseng. The prickly ash is a shrub, the
bark of which, is esteemed an excellent remedy for chronic
rheumatism. The garget or American night shade, root, leaves,
and berry is used in various diseases common to the human
frame, and the root is in high repute among farmers for the use
of catde. There are two species of elder, black and red, snakeroot, maidenhair, sarsaparilla ; three species of cobelia, one of
which is a powerful emetic. The buck bean grows near the
Monadnock, and the skunk cabbage, which is very efficacious in
asthmatic complaints, grows in many parts of the state.
It may be proper to close this account of indigenous vegetables with the names of those plants, which, under certain circumstances prove poisonous
some of which however have been
brought into medicinal use, and are valued for the cure of disorders attended with spasmodic affections.
Of this latter class
are the hemlock, thorn apple, henbane, and night-shade. Others
are poisonous, such as the ivy,commonly called mercury, swamp
sumach, water-elder, herb Christopher, stinking snake weed, and
white helebore or poke.
:
;
;
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
15
—
There is a great variety of soil in NewSoil &? Agriculture.
The interval lands on the large rivers, are con-
Hampshire.
sidered the most valuable, because they are overflowed and enriched by the waters from the uplands, which bring down a fat
These lands proslime or sediment of the consistency of soap.
duce every kind of grain in great perfection ; but are not so
good for pastures as the uplands. The wide spreading hills of
a moderate elevation and of a rocky, moist, warm, rich soil are
most esteemed for pastures. Drained swamps have a deep mellow
and the vallies between hills are generally very productive.
In the new and uncultivated parts of the state, the soil is disthus, white oak
tinguished by its various kinds of trees
land is hard and stony, the under growth consisting of br..kes
^nd fern it will not produce grass till it has been ploughed and
hoed, but is good for indian corn white and pitch pine lands
Spruce and hemlock in the eastern part of
are dry and sandy.
soil,
;
;
:
the state denote a thin, cold soil
when mixed with
birch,
it is
;
but in the western parts,
a moist soil,
good
for grass.
When
the white pine and oil nut are found on the same land, it is
commonly a deep moist loam, and considered very advantageous
for cultivation, as it bears grass, corn, and other grain without
ploughing.
The mode of clearing and cultivating new lands, has been
much improved within the last forty or fifty years. Sixty years ago
was thought impossible to raise indian corn without the
plough and hoe.
The mode of planting it among the burnt
logs was practised with great success at Gilmanton, about
the year 1 762, and this easy mode of culture soon became universal in the new plantations.
In interval lands on Connecticut river, wheat often yields 40 or 50 bushels to the acre
but
on the uplands 20 is considered a good crop. Indian corn will
average more than 40 bushels to the acre. Of all grains winter
rye grows best on new lands, and Indian corn and barley on the
old. Barley does not flourish in new lands nor is flax cultivated
to any advantage, until the land has been under preparation for
some years. The same may be said of oats and pease but every
kind of esculent roots is much larger in the virgin soil than in
any other.
The first inhabitants of New-Hampshire came principally
from the south-Western counties of England, where cider
and perry were made in great quantities.
They took
much pains to set out apple and pear trees on their
plantations, which flourished well and grew to a great size.
The first growth is now decayed
but a succession has been
preserved, and no good husbandman thinks his farm complete
without an orchard.
it
;
;
;
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
16
Agriculture is, and always will be, the chief business of the
people of New- Hampshire, if they attend to their true interest.
Every tree that is cut down in the forest opens to the sun a
new spot of earth, which, with proper cultivation, will produce
It is impossible to conceive what
food for man and beast.
quantities may be produced of beef, pork, mutton, poultry,
wheat, rye, indian corn, barley, pulse, butter, and cheese ; artiFlax and hemp may be
cles which will always find a market.
As the country becomes
also cultivated to great advantage.
more cleared, pastures increase, and the number of cattle is continually multiplying.
—
Domestic Animals. This state presents a long catalogue of
such domestic animals, as have been found useful in all parts of
the woriid, situated in similar latitudes. The first neat cattle imported from Europe into New-Hampshire, were sent by Capt.
John Mason and his associates, about 1633, to stock their plants
ations and to be employed in drawing lumber.
These cattle
were of a large breed and a yellow colour, procured from DenAt what time and by whom the horse was first immark.
ported does not appear. Sheep and swine were first sent over
from England, by Laconia. Sheep have greatly multiplied, and
are considered the most profitable stock that can be raised on a
farm. The breed has been renewed and much improved by the
introduction ofmerinoes from Spain, and other parts of Europe.
While therefore the best lambs shall be reserved by the farmer
for their select flocks, well fed, sheltered from storms and careOf other
fully managed, our breed will continue to improve.
domestic animals, we possess all those that are useful, convenThe following computations
ient and common to our climate.
of neat cattle and horses are founded on the invoice taken in
1812. The neat cattle according to the above information may
the horses 32,161, and the. sheep*
be computed at 211,534
(The
according to the best calculation will amount to 364,892.
American statistical writer, the indefatigable Blodget, computes
the whole number of neat cattle in the United States in 1809,
We have no returns of the
3,660,000 ; horses 1,400,000.)
number of swine in this state, but may compute the number of
fatted swine killed annually at 35,000, and of oxen killed or driven to market 100,000.
;
* With regard to the number of sheep, lettera were directed to the representativesof each town in the state, requesting them to send to us the number of sheep
in their respective towns but we have to say in many instances our requests
were neglected, but in proportioi\ with the number returned, the above statement
;
is
correct.
�GENERAL VIEW,
-
—
17
Wild Animals. The wolf first claims notice ; this animal has
been very common and noxious in the new settlements.
The bear has been
bounty of 20 dollars is paid for its head.
one of the most troublesome animals of our forests. In the months
of August and September, he makes great havoc in the fields
There is the wolverine
of indian corn in the new settlements.
and wild cat, and the other animals common to New-England.
The only mammillary biped, which we have is the bat, which
forms the connecting link between beasts and birds.
A
—
The birds of New-Hampshire are those common in
Birds.
the New-England states, for a catalogue of which see Belknap's
history of N. H.
—
Of these our number is but small. The rattleSerpents.
is the only one that is poisonous ; its numbers have been
The black snake, small
great, but are now diminishing.
water snake, small brown adder, house adder, (said to be poisonous,) water adder, striped snake, and green snake, are the princisnake
pal kinds.
Fish.
— Of
fish
we have
a
numerous
list.
A
bare enumera-
The
tion of which would be equally useless and uninteresting.
cod comes into the Piscataqua in the spring and fall, and is takThe haddock, hake, and
en at sea in all months of the year.
pollock are taken at sea in the spring and sumnTer, and being
Halibut
dried are sold under the denomination of scale fish.
is the largest fish that is taken for food ; and when full grown
it exceeds 500 pounds in weight ; those of 200 pounds are frequently brought to market and sod.
See -Portsmouth.
Caverns^ Stones^ Fossils^^ Minerals.
must be extremely imperfect
—This part of our history
many
parts of our statQ are
yet unexplored in these respects, and of those parts that are
known the knowledge is mostly confined to its surface and vege;tation.
Such things however of this kind as have occurred,
shall be noticed under their respective names.
Mineralogy is a
branch of science, that is but little cultivated. Men of genius and science have not leisure to pursue objects from which
immediate advantage cannot be drawn.
The disappointments
^hich have attended some expensive attempts, the air of mystery thrown over the subject by some ignorant pretenders
andr the facility with which every mineral may be imported,
have discouraged inquirers.
But from the specimens that
have appeared, there can be no doubt of the existence of
3
;
as
�ly
tiE>iERAL
VIEW
mineral and fossil treasures, in the search ot
generations will find employment.
Constitution^*
Governments^ Laws.
born equally free and independent
right originates from the people,
stituted for the general good.
is
;
— Article
therefore
founded
which future
I.
All
men
are
government of
consent, and in-
all
in
II. All men have certain natural, essential and inherent
rights— among which are the enjoying and defending life and
liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property
and in a
word, of seeking and obtaining happiness.
;
III.
When men
enter into a state of society, they surrender
rights to that society, in order to ensure the protection of others ; and without such an equivalent,
the surrender is void.
ly. Among the natural rights, some are in their very nature
unalienable ; because no equivalent can be given or received for
up some of
them
their natural
of this kind are the rights of conscience.
:
Every individual has
a natural and unalienable right to
worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience
and reason and no subject shall be hurt, molested, or restrained, in his person, liberty, or estate, for worshipping God in
the
manner and season most .igreeable to the dictates of his own
"V.
;
conscience, or for his religious profession, sentiments, or persuasion ; provided he doth not disturb the public peace, or disturb others in their religious worship.
yi. As morality and piety, rightly grounded on evangelical
principles, will give the best and greatest security to govern-
ment, and will lay, in the hearts of men, the strongest obligadue subjection
and as the knowledge of these is most
likely to be propagated through a society, by the institution
of
the public worship of the Deity, and of public instruction in
morality and religion; therefore, to promote those important
purposes, the people of this state have a right to empower, and
d© hereby fully empower the legislature, to authorize, from
tions to
;
tinie to time, the several
religious societies, within
ion, at their own expense,
public Protestant teachers
towns, parishes, bodies corporate or
state, to make adequate provisfor the support and maintenance of
of piety, religion and morality.
Provided not-withstanding s That the several towns, parishes,
bodies corporate, or religious societies, shall at all times have
the exclusive right of electing their own public teachers, and <of
this
* The Constitution of New-Hampsliire was approved by
the people, and' established by conyention, fifth of September, 1792. The former
constitution 'having been approved by Ihe people, was established by Convention
31st Octc.ber,
174?, and took effect on the first Wednesday of June, 1784.
�GENERA I- VIEW,
19
conti acting with them for their support andmaintenance. And no
person of any one particular religious sect or denomination,
shall ever be compelled to pay towards the support of the teacher or teachers of another persuasion, sect or denomination.
And every denomination of christians, demeaning themselves quietly, and as good subjects of the state, shall be equally
under the protection of the law
and no subordination of any
one sect or denomination to another shall ever be established by
:
law.
And nothing herein shall be understood to affect any former
contracts made for the support of the ministry ; but all such
contracts shall remain, and be in the same state as if this conhad not been made.
VII. The people of this state have the sole and exclusive
right of governing themselves as a free, sovereign and independent state
and do, and forever hereafter shall exercise and
enjoy every power, jurisdiction and right, pertaining thereto,
which is not, or may not hereafter be by them expressly delegated to the United States of America in Congress assembled.
VIII. All power residing originally in, and being derived
from the people, all the magistrates and officers of government
are their substitutes and agents, and at all times accountable to
them.
IX. No office or place whatsoever in government, shall be
hereditary rthe abilities and integrity requisite in all, not being
stitution
;
—
transmissible to posterity or relations.
X. Government being instituted for the common benefit, proand security of the whole community, and not for the
private interest or emolument of any one man, family, or class
of men therefore, whenever the ends of government are perverted, and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all other
means of redress are ineffectual, the people may and of right
ought to reform the old, or establish a new government. The
doctrine of nonresistance against arbitrary power and oppression, is absurd, slavish, and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind.
XI. All elections ought to be free, and every inhabitant of the
state, having the proper qualifications, has equal right to elect
and be elected into office.
XII. Every member of the community has a right to be protected by it, in the enjoyment of his life, liberty and property he
is therefore bound to contribute his share in the expense of such
protection, and to yield his personal service when necessary, or
an equivalent.
But no part of a man's property shall be taken
from him, or applied to public uses, without his own consent,
or that of the representative body of the people.
Nor are the
tection
;
;
�20
GENfiHAL VIEW.
inhabitants of this state controlable by any other laws than those,
to which they, or their representative body, have given their
consent.
XIII. No person, who is conscientiously scrupulous about
the lawfulness of bearing arms, shall be compelled thereto, provided he will pay an equivalent.
XIV. Every subject of this state is entitled to a certain remedy, by having recourse to the laws, for all injuries he may receive in his person, property, or character ; to obtain right and
justice freely, without being obliged to purchase it ; completely
and without any denial ; promptly and without delay, conformably to the laws.
XV. No subject shall be held to answer for any crime or offence, until the same is fully and plainly, substantially and formally described to him ; or be compelled to accuse or furnish evidence against himself.
And every subject shall have a right
to produce all proofs that may be favourable to himself
to
meet the witnesses against him, face to face ; and to be fully
heard in his defence, by himself and counsel.
And no subject
shall be arrested, imprisoned, despoiled, or deprived of his
property, immunities, or privileges put out of the protection of
the law, exiled or deprived of his life, liberty, or estate, but by
the judgment of his peers, or the law of the land.
%
XVI. No subject shall be liable to be tried, after an acquittal, for the same crime or offence.
Nor shall the legislature
make any law that shall subject any person to a capital punishment, (excepting for the government of the army and navy, and
the militia in actual service) without trial by jury.
XVII. In criminal prosecutions,, the trial of facts, in the vicinity where they happen, is so essential to the security of the life,
liberty, and estate of the titizen, that no crima or offence ought
to be tried in any other county- than that in which it is committed
except in cases of general insurrection in any particular
county, when it shall appear to the Judges of the Superior
Court, that an impartial trial cannot be had in the county where
the offence may be committed, and upon their report, the legislature shall think proper to direct the trial in the nearest
county in which an impartial trial can be obtained.
XVIII. All penalties ought to be proportioned to the nature
of the offence.
wise legislature will affix the same punishment to the crimes of theft, forgery and the like, which they do
to those of murder and treason ; where the same undistinguishing severity is exerted against all offences, the people are led to
forget the real distinction in the crimes themselves, and to commit the most flagrant with as little compunction as they do the
lightest offences
For the same reason a multitude of sanguin:
J
Na
:
�GENERAL VIEW.
21
ary laws is both impolitic and unjust. The true design of all
punishments being to reform, not to exterminate mankind.
XIX. Every subject hath a right to be secure Irom all unreasonable searches and seizures of his person, his houses, his
Therefore, all warrants to
papers, and all his possessions.
search suspected places, or arrest a person for examination or
prosecutions for criminal matters, are contrary to this
the cause or foundation of them be not previously supported by oath or affirmation ; and if the order, in a warrant to
a civil officer, to make search in suspected places, or to arrest
one or more suspected persons, or to seize their property, be not
accompanied with a special designation of the persons or objects
of search, arrest, or seizure ; and no warrant ought to be issued,
but in cases, and with the formalities, prescribed by law.
XX. In all controversies concerning property, and in all suits
between two or more persons, except in cases in which it has been
heretofore otherwise used and practised, the parties have a right
to a trial by jury, and this method of procedure shall be held sacred, unless in cases arising on the high seas and such as relate to
marinerls' wages, the legislature shall think it necessary hereafter
trial, in
right,
if
to alter
it.
XXI.
In order to reap the fullest advantage of the inestimaby jury, great care ought to be taken,
that none but qualified persons should be appointed to serve ;
and such ought to be fully compensated for their travel, time
and attendance.
ble privilege of the trial
XXII. The
LIBERTY OF THE PRESS
security of freedom in a state
violably preserved.
•the
:
It
is
essential to
ought therefore to be
in-
XXIII. Retrospective laws
are highly injurious, oppressive
such laws therefore should be made, either
for the decision of civil causes, or the punishment of offences.
and unjust.
No
A
XXIV.
well regulated militia is the proper, natural and
sure defence of a state.
XXV. Standing armies are dangerous to liberty, and ought
not to be raised, or kept up without the consent of the legislature.
XXVI.
In all cases and at all times, the military ought to be
subordination to, and governed by the civil power.
XXVII. No soldier in time of peace, shall be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the owner and in time of
war, such quarters ought not to be made but by the civil magistrate, in a manner ordained by the legislature.
XXVIII. No subsidy, charge, tax, impost, or duty, shall be
established, fixed, laid, or levied, under any pretext whatsoever,
under
strict
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
2'2
without the consent of the people, or their representatives in
the legislature, or authority derived from that body.
XXIX. The power of suspending the laws, or the execution
of them, ought never to be exercised but by the legislature, or
by authority derived therefrom, to be exercised in such particular cases only as the legislature shall expressly provide for.
XXX. The freedom of deliberation, speech and debate, in
cither house of the legislature, is so essential to the rights of
the people, that it cannot be the foundation of any action, complaint, or prosecution, in any other court or place whatsoever.
XXXI. The legislature shall assemble for the redress of public grievances, and for making such laws as the public good may
require.
XXXII. The
people have a right in an orderly and peaceaand consult upon the common good,
give instructions to their representatives, and to request of the
legislative body by way of petition or remonstrance, redress of
the wrongs done them, and of the grievances they suffer.
XXXIII. No magistrate, or court of law, shall demand
excessive bail or sureties, impose excessive fines, or inflict cruel or unusual punishments.
XXXIV. No person can in any case be subjected to lawmartial, or to any pains or penalties by virtue of that law, except those employed in the army or navy, and except the militia in actual service, but by authority of the legislature.
XXXV. It is essential to the preservation of the rights of
every individual, his life, liberty, property, and character, that
there be an impartial interpretation of the laws and administraIt is the right of every citizen to be tried by
tion of justice.
It is
judges as impartial as the lot of humanity will admit.
therefore not only the best policy, but for the security of the
rights of the people, that the judges of the Supreme Judicial
Court should hold their offices so long as they behave well ;
subject however to such limitations on account of age, as may
be provided by the constitution of the state ; and that they
should have honourable salaries ascertained and established by
standing laws.
XXXVI. Economy being a most essential virtue in all
no pension shall be granted,
states, especially in a young one
but in consideration of actual services ; and such pensions ought
to be granted with great caution by the legislature, and never
for more than one year at a time.
XXXVII. In the government of this state, the three essential powers thereof, to wit, the legislative, executive and judicial, ought to be kept as separate from, and independent of each
ble
manner
to assemble
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
23
Other, as the nature of a free government will admit, or as is
consistent with that chain of connexion that binds the whole fabric of the constitution in one indissoluble bond of union afid
amity.
XXXVIII.
A
frequent recurrence to the fundamental prinand a constant adherence to justice,
moderation, temperance, industry, frugality and all the social
virtues, are indispensably necessary to preserve the blessings of
liberty and good government ; the people ought therefore to have
a particular regard to all those principles in the choice of their
officers and representatives : and they have a rignt to require
of their law- givers and magistrates, an exact and constant observance of them, in the formation and execution of the laws
necessary for the good administration of government.
ciples of the constitution,
Part
II.
Form of Government,
— The
territory formerly called the Province of
people inhabiting the
New-Hampshire, do
hereby solemnly and mutually agree with each other, to form
themselves into a free, sovereign and independent body-politic,
or state, by the name of the State of New- Hampshire.
—
General Court. The supreme legislative power, within this
shall be vested in the senate and house of representa-.
tives, each of which shall have a negative on the other.
The senate and house shall assemble every year on the first
Wednesday of June, and at such other times as they may judge
and shall dissolve, and be dissolved seven days nex6
necessary
preceding the said first Wednesday of June ; and shall bestiled
The General Court of New- Hampshire.
The general court shall forever have full power and authority
to erect and constitute judicatories, and courts of record, or other courts, to be holden in the name of the state, for the hearing, trying and determining all manner of crimes, offences, pleas,
processes, plaints, actions, causes, matters and things whatso-^
ever, arising or happening within this state, or between or concerning persons inhabiting or residing, or brought within the
same ; whether the same be criminal or civil, or whether the
crimes be capital, or not capital, and whether the said pleas
be real, personal, or mixed and for the awarding and issuing
execution thereon.
To which courts and judicatories, arc
hereby given and granted, full power and authority, from time
to time, to administer oaths or affirmations, for the better discovery of truth in any matter in controversy, or depending
before them.
And further, full power and authority are hereby given and
granted to the said general court, from time to time to make, orstate,
;
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
24
all manner of wholesome and reasonable orders, laws, statutes, ordinances, directions and instructions, either with penalties, or without, so as the same be not repugnant
or contrary to this constitution, as tliey may judge for the
dain and establish,
and welfare of this state, and for the governing and
ordering thereof, and of the subjects of the same, for the
necessary support and defence of the government thereof;
and to name and settle annually, or provide by fixed laws for
the naming and settling, all civil officers within this state ;
such officers excepted, the election and appointment of whom
are hereafter in this form of government otherwise provided
and to set forth the several duties, powers and Hmits,
for
and
of the several civil and military officers of this state
the forms of such oaths or affirmations as shall be respectively administered unto them, for the execution of their several offices and places, so as the same be not repugnant or
contrary to this constitution ; and also to impose fines, mulcts,
imprisonments and other punishments ; and to impose and
fcvy proportional and reasonable assessments, rates, and taxbenefit
J
;
upon all the inhabitants of, and residents within, the said
and upon all estates within the same to be issued and
disposed of by warrant, under the hand of the governor of
this state for the time being, with the advice and consent of
es,
state
;
;
the council, for the public service, in^ the necessary defence
and support of the government of this state, and the protection and preservation of the subjects thereof according to such
acts as are, or shall be in force within the same.
iVnd while the public charges of government, or any part
thereof shall be assessed on poles and estates in the manner
that has heretofore been practised ; in order that such assessments may be made with equality, there shall be a valuation of the estates within the state taken anew once in every
five years at least, and as much oftener as the general court
shall order.
No member
of the general court shall take fees, be of counor act as advocate, in any cause before either branch of
the legislature ; and upon due proof thereof such member shall
forfeit his seat in the legislature.
The doors of the galleries, of each house of the legislature
shall be kept open to all persons who behave decently, except
when the welfare of the state, in the opinion of either branch,
sel,
shall require secrecy.
—
House of Representatives. There shall be, in the legislature
of this state, a representation of the people, annually electAnd in order
ed apcT founded upon principles of equality
:
�25
GE-NERAL VIEW.
that such representation may be as equal as circumstances
will admit, every town, parish, or place entitled to town privileges, having one hundred and fifty rateable male polls, of
twenty one years of age and upwards,
may
elect
one repre^
sentative ; if. four hundred and fifty rateable polls, may elect
two representatives ; and' so proceeding in that proportion,
making three hundred such rateable polls the mean increasing number, for every additional representative.
Such towns, parishes, or places, as have less than one hundred and fifty rateable polls shall be classed by the general
court for the purpose of choosing a representative, and seasonably notified thereof.
And in every class, formed for the
abovementioned purpose, the first annual meeting shall be htld
in the town, parish, or place, wherein most of the rateable
polls reside ; and afterwards in that which has the next highest number ; and so on annually by rotation, through the several towns, parishes, or places, forming the district.
Whenever any town, parish, or place, entitled to town privileges as aforesaid, shall not have one hundred and fifty rnteable polls, and be so situated as to render the classing thereof
with any other town, parish, or place, very inconvenient, the
general court may, upon application of a majority of the voters
in such town, parish, or place, issue a writ for their electing
and sending a representative to the general court.
The members of the house of representatives shall be chosen annually in the month of March, and shall be the second
branch of the legislature.
All persons qualified to vote in the- election of senators.,
shall be entitled to vote within the district where they dwell,
Every member of the house
in the choice of representatives.
of representatives shall be chosen by ballot ; and for two ears
at least, next preceding his election, sh^U have been an inshall have an estate withia the dishabitant of this state ;
trict which he may be chosen to represent, of the value of one
hundred pounds, one half of which to be a freehold, whereof he
is seized in his own right ; shall be at the time of his election an inhabitant of the town, parish or place he may be chosen to represent, shall be of the protestant religion, and shall
cease to represent such town, parish or place, imniediately on
his ceasing to be qualified as aforesaid.
The members of both houses of the legislature shall be compensated for their services out of the treasury of the state, by
a law made for that purpose ; such members attending seasonably, and not departing without license.
All intermediate vacancies in the house of representatives, may be filled up from
}^^
4
'
�GENERAL VIEW.
2^
time to time,
in the
same manner
as
annual
elections aver
made.
The house of representatives shall be the grand inquest of the
and all impeachments made by them, shall be heard and
state
;
tried
by the senate.
money
bills shall originate in the house of representabut the senate may propose, or concur with amendments,
as on other bills.
The house of representatives shall have power to adjourn
themselves, but no longer than two days at a time.
majority of the members of the house of representatives
shall be a quorum for doing business ; but when less than two
thirds of the representatives elected shall be present, the assent of
two thirds of those members shall be necessary to render
their acts and proceedings valid.
No member of the house of representatives or senate, shall
be arrested or held to bail on mean process, during his going to, returning from, or attendance upon the court.
The house of representatives shall choose their own speaker, appoint their own officers, and settle the rules of proceedings in their own house ; and shall be judge of the returns,
elections and qualifications of its members, as pointed out in
They shall have authority to punish by imthis constitution.
prisonment, every person who shall be guilty of disrespect to
the house in its presence, by any disorderly and contemptuous
behaviour, or by threatening or ill treating any of its members ;
or by obstructing its deliberations ; every person guilty of a
breach of its privileges, in making arrest for debt, or by assaulting any member during his attendance at any session ; in
assaulting or disturbing any one of its officers in the execution
of any order or procedure of the house ; in assaulting any witness or other person ordered to attend, by, and during his attendance upon the house j or in rescuing an)^ person arrested
by order of the house, knowing them to be such. The senate,
governor, and council, shall have the same powers in like cases :
provided, that no imprisonment by either, for any offence, exceed ten days.
The journals of the proceedings, and all public acts of both
houses of the legislature, shall be printed and published immediately after every adjournment or prorogation ; and upon motion made by any one member, the yeas and nays upon any
And any member of
question shall be entered on the journal
the senate or house of representatives, shall have a right, on
motion made at the time for that purpose, to have his protest or dissent, with the reasons, against any vote, resolve, or
bill passed, entered on the journal.
All
tives
;
A
—
:
�GENERAL VIEW
Senate.—The senate
27
shall consist of twelve
shall hold their office for one year
from the
members, who
first
Wednesday
of June next ensuing their election.
And that the state may be equally represented in the senate,
the legislature shall, from time to time, divide the state into
twelve districts, as nearly equal as may be without dividingtowns and unincorporated places
and in making this division,
they shall govern themselves by the proportion of direct taxes
paid by the said districts, and timely make known to the inhabitants of the state the limits of each district.
The freeholders and other inhabitants of each district, qualified as in this constitution is provided, shall annually give in
their votes for a senator, at some meeting holden in the month
of March.
The senate shall be the first branch of the legislature;
and the senators shall be chosen in the following manner,
viz. every male inhabitant of each town, and parish with town
privileges, and places unincorporated, in this state, of twenty-one years of age and upwards, excepting paupers, and persons excused from paying taxes at their own request, shall
have a right at the annual or other meetings of the inhabitants of said towns and parishes, to be duly warned and holden
annually forever in the month of March, to vote in the town or
parish wherein he dwells, for the senator in the district whereof
he is a member.
Provided nevertheless^ That no person shall be capable of being elected a senator, who is not of the protestant relig-ion^ !Lnd
seized of a freehold estate in his own right, of the value of two
hundred pounds, lying within this state, who is not of the age of
thirty years, and who shall not have been an inhabitant of
this state for seven years immediately preceding his election,
and at the time thereof he shall be an inhabitant of the district
for which he shall be chosen.
And every person, qualified as the constitution provides, shall
be considered an inhabitant for the purpose of electing and
being elected into any office or place within this state, in the
town, parish and plantation, where he dwelleth and hath his
;
'
home.
And the inhabitants of plantations and places unincorporated, qualified as this constitution provides, who are or shall
be required to assess taxes upon themselves towards the sup»^
port of govertiment, or shall be taxed therefor, shall have the
same privilege of voting for senators, in the plantations and
places wherein they reside, as the inhabitants of the respective towns and parishes aforesaid have.
And the meetings of
such plantations and places for that purpose
shall be
holden
�GENERAL VIEW.
28
annually in the month of March, at such places respeciivdy
therein as the assessors thereof shall direct ; which assessors
shall have like authority for notifying the electors, collecting
and returning the votes, as the selectmen and town clerks have
in their several towns by this constitution.
The meetings for the choice of governor, council, and senators,
shall be warned by warrant from the selectmen, and governed
bv a moderator, who shall in the presence of the selectmen
(whose duty it shall be to attend) in open meeting, receive the
votes of all the inhabitants of such towns and parishes present,
and qualified to vote for senators and shall, in said meetings,
in presence of the said selectmen, and of the town clerk in said
meetings, sort and count the said votes, and make a public declaration thereof, with the name of every person voted for, and
and the town clerk shall
the number of votes for each person
a fair record of the same at large, in the town book, and
make
shall make out a fair attested copy thereof, to be by him sealed
up and directed to the secretary of the state, with a super;
;
scription expressing the purport thereof : And the said town
clerk shall cause such attested copy to be delivered to the sheriff
(if the county in which such town or parish shall lie, thirty days
at least before the first Wednesday of June, or to the secretary
of the state at least twenty days before the said first Wednesday of June : and the sheriff of each county, or his deputy, shall
deliver
all
such certificates, by him received, into the secre-
tary's office, at least twenty days before the first
Wednesday
of June.
may be a due meeting of senators on the
of June annually, the governor, and a majority of the council for the time being, shall as soon as may be,
examine the returned copies of such records, and fourteen days
before the first Wednesday of June, he shall issue his summons
to such persons as appear to be chosen senators, by a majority of votes, to attend and take their seats on that day.
Provided nevertheless^ That for the first year the said returned copies shall be examined by the president, and a majority of
the council then in office ; and the said president shall in like
manner notify the persons elected, to attend and take their seats
And
first
that there
Wednesday
accordingly.
And in case there shall not appear to be a senator elected by
a majority of votes, for any district, the deficiency shall be supplied in the following manner, viz. the members of the house of
representatives, and such senators as shall be declared elected,
shall take the names of the two persons having the highest
number of votes in the district, and out of them shall elect, by
joint ballot, the senator wanted for such district ; and in this
�29
GENERAL VIEW.
all such vacancies shall be filled up in every district of
the state, and in like manner all vacancies in the senate, arising
by death, removal out of the state, or otherwise, shall be supplied as soon as may be after such vacancies happen.
The senate shall be final judges of the elections, returns
and qualifications of their own members, as pointed out in this
manner
constitution.
The senate shall have power to adjourn themselves, provided
such adjournment do not exceed two days at a time.
Provided nevertheless^ That whenever they shall sit on the
trial of any impeachment, they may adjourn to such time and
place as they may think proper, although the legislature be not
assembled on such day, or
at
such place.
senate shall appoint their president and other officers,
and determine their own rules of proceedings : and not less
than seven members of the senate shall make a quorum for doing
business and when less than eight senators shall be present,
The
:
the assent of five at least, shall be necessary to render their acts
and proceedings
valid.
senate shall be a court, with full power and authority to
hear, try and determine, all impeachments made by the house
of representatives against any officer or officers of the state, for
bribery, corruption, mal-practice or mal-administration, in office,with full power to issue summons, or compulsory process, for
convening witnesses before them : but previous to the trial of
any such impeachment, the members of the senate shall respectively be sworn truly and impartially to try and determine the
The
And every officer,
according to evidence.
for bribery, corruption, mal-practice or mal-administration in office, shall be served with an attested copy of the impeachment, and order of senate thereon, with such citation as
charge
in question,
impeached
may
direct, setting forth the time and plac? of their
impeachment which service shall be made by
the sheriff, or such other sworn officer as the senate may appoint, at least fourteen days previous to the time of trial; and
such citation being duly served and returned, the senate may
proceed in the hearing of the impeachment, giving the person
impeached (if he shall appear) full liberty of producing witnesses
and proofs, and of making his defence, by himself and counsel,
and may also, upon his refusing or neglecting to appear, hear
the prj^ofs in support of the impeachment, and render judgment
thereon, his non-appearance notwithstanding and such judgment
shall have the same force and effect as if the person impeached
had appeared and pleaded in the trial. Their judgment however, shall not extend further than removal from office, disqualification to hold or enjoy any place of honour, trust, or
the senate
sitting to try the
;
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
aO
profit,
under
this state
;
but the party so convicted, shall never-
theless be liable to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment,
according to the laws of the land.
Whenever the governor shall be impeached, the chief justice of
the supreme judicial court shall, during the
senate, but have no vote therein.
—
trial,
preside in the
—
Executive poweu. Governor. There shall be a supreme
executive magistrate, who shall be stiled the Governor of the
State of New-Hampshire, and whose title shall be His ExC€lle7icy,
The governor shall be chosen annually in the month of March;
and the votes for governor shall be received, sorted, counted,
certified, and returned, in the same manner as the votes for senaand the secretary shall lay the same before the senate and
tors
house of representatives on the first Wednesday of June, to be by
them examined, and in case of an election by a majority ot votes
through the state, the choice shall be by thexn declared and pub;
lished.
And
the qualifications of electors of the governor shall be the
for senators ; and if no person shall have a majority of votes, the senate and house of representatives shall by
joint ballot elect one of the two persons having the highest numbei" of votes, who shall be declared governor.
And no persons shall be eligible to this office, unless at the
same as those
his election, he shall have been an inhabitant of this state
for seven years next preceding, and unless he shall be of the
age of thirty years, and unless he shall at the same time have an
estate of the value of five hundred pounds, one half of which shall
time of
consist of a freehold in his own right within this state, and unkss he shall be of the protestant religion.
In cases of disagreement between the two houses with regard
to the time or place of adjournment or prorogation, the governor,
with advice of council, shall have a right to adjourn or prorogue
the general court, not exceeding ninety days at any one time,
as he may determine the public good may require, and he shall
dissolve the same seven days before the said first Wednesday of
June.
And in case of any infectious distemper prevailing in the place
where the said court at any time is to convene, or any other
cause, whereby dangers may arise to the health or l^ves of
the members from their attendance, the governor may direct the
session to be holden at some other the most convenient place
within the state.
Every bill which shall have passed both houses of the general xourt, shall, before it become a law, be presented to
�GENERAL VIEW.
31
the governor ; if he approve, he shall sign it, but if not, he
shall return it with his objections, to that house in which it
shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large
on their journal and proceed to reconsider it j if after such
reconsideration, two thirds of that house shall agree to pass
the bill, it shall be sent, together with such objections, to
the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and
if approved by two thirds of that house, it shall become a
law.
But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall
be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons, voting for or against the bill, shall be entered on the
If any bill shall not be
journal of each house respectively.
returned by the governor, within five days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a
law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the legislature, bj'
their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not
be a law.
Every resolve shall be presented to the governor, and besame shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or
being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by the senate
and house of representatives, according to the rules and limfore the
itations prescribed in the case of
All judicial
a
bill.
attorney general, solicitors, all sheriffs, coroners, registers of probate, and all officers of the navy, and general and field officers of the militia, shall be nominated and appointed by the governor and council ; and every
such nomination shall be made at least three days prior to
such appointment ; and no appointment shall take place, unThe governor
less a majority of the counsel agree thereto.
and council shall have a negative on each other, both in the
nominations and appointments. Every nomination and appointment shall be signed by the governor and council, and
every negative shall be also signed by the governor or council who made the same.
The captains and subalterns in the respective regiments,
shall be nominated and recommended by the field officers to the
governor, who is to issue their commissions immediately on
receipt of such recommendation.
Whenever the chair of the governor shall become vacant, by
reason of his death, absence from the state, or otherwise, the
president of the senate shall, during such vacancy, have and
exercise all the powers and authorities which, by this constitution the governor is vested with, when personally present ; but
when the president of the senate shall exercise the office of
governor, he shall not hold his office in the senate.
officers, the
.
�GENERAL VIEW.
32
The governor, with advice of council, shall have full power
and authority in the recess of the general court, to prorogue
the same from time to time, not exceeding ninety days in any
one recess of said court and during the sessions of said court,
to adjourn or prorogue it to any time the two houses may desire, and to call it together sooner than the time to which it may
;
be adjourned or prorogued, if the welfare of the state should
require the same.
The governor of this stats for tlie time being, shall be commander in chief of the army and navy, and all the military
and shall have full powforces of the state, by sea and land
er by himself, or by any chief commander, or other officer
or officers, from time to time, to train, instruct, exercise and
govern the militia and navy and for the special defence and
safety of this state, to assemble in martial array, and put in warlike posture the inhabitants thereof, and to lead and conduct
them, and with them to encounter, repulse, repel, resist and
pursue by force of arms, as well by sea as by land, within and
without the limits of this state and also to kill, slay, destroy, if
necessary, and conquer by all fitting ways, enterprize and means,
all and every such person and persons as shall at any time hereafter, in a hostile manner, attempt or enterprize the destruction,
and to use and
invasion, detriment or annoyance of this state
exercise over the army and navy, and over the militia in actual
service, the law martial in time of war, invasion, and also in rebellion, declared by the legislature to exist as occasion shall necand surprize by all ways and means whatessarily require
soever, all and every such person or persons, with their ships,
arms, ammunition, and other goods, as shall in a hostile manner invade, or attempt the invading, conquering or annoying,
this state ; and in fine, the governor hereby is entrusted with
all other powers incident to the office of captain general and
commander in chief and admiral, to be exercised agreeably to
the rules and regulations of the constitution and the laws of
the land : provided, that the governor shall not at any time
hereafter, by virtue of any power by this constitution granted
or hereafter to be granted to him by the legislature, transport
any of the inhabitants of this state, or oblige them to march
out of the limits of the same, without their free and voluntary
consent, or the consent of the general court, nor grant commissions for exercising the law martial in any case, without the
advice and consent of the council.
The power of pardoning offences, except such as persons
may be convicted of before the senate by impeachment of the
hottse, shall be in the governor, by and with the advice of the
council ; but no charter of pardon granted by the governor with
;
;
;
;
:
�GENERAL
VIE\V.
33
advice of council, before convictioH, shall avail the party plead*
ing the same, notwithstanding any general or particular expressions contained therein, descriptive of the offence or offences intended to be pardoned.
No officer duly commissioned to command in the militia
shall be removed from his office, but by the address of both
houses to the governor, or by fair trial in court-martial, pursuant to the laws of the state for the time being.
The commanding officers of the regiments shall appoint
their adjutants and quarter-masters ; the brigadiers, their brigade-majors ; the major-generals, their aids ; the captains and
subalterns, their
non-commissioned
officers.
The
division of the militia into brigades, regiments and companies, made in purswance of the militia laws now in force,
shall be considered as the proper division of the militia of
by some future law.
issued out of the treasury of this state
and disposed of (except such sums as may be appropriated for
the redemption of bills of. credit, or treasurer's notes, or for the
payment of interest arising thereon) hut by warrant under the
hand of the governor for the time being, by and with the advice and consent of the council, for the necessary support and
defence of this state, and for the necessary protection and preservation of the inhabitants thereof, agreeably to the acts and
resolves of the general court.
All public boards, the commissary-general, all superintending officers of public magazines and stores belonging to this
state, and all commanding officers of forts and garrisons within
the same, shall once in every three months, officially and
without requisition, and at other times when required by the governor, deliver to him an account of all goods, stores, provisions,
this state, until the sam** shall be altered
No
monies
shall be
ammunition, cannon, with their appendages, and all small arms
with their accoutrements, and of all other public property under their care respectively ; distinguishing the quantity and kind
of each, as particularly as may be ; together with the condition
of such forts and garrisons
and the commanding officer shall
exhibit to the governor when required by him, true and exact
plans of such forts, and of the land and sea, or harbour or harbours adjacent.
The governor and council shall be compensated for their services, from time to time, by such grants as the general court
:
shall think reasonable.
Permanent and honourable salaries shall be established
for the justices of the superior court.
by Iaw»
�GENERAL VfEW.
a4
—There
shall be annually elected by ballot five counadvising the governor in the executive part of government. The freeholders and other inhabitants in each county,
qualified to vote for senators, shall some time in the month
of March, give in their votes for one counsellor ; which votes
shall be received, sorted, counted, certified and returned to the
secretary's office, in the same manner as the votes for senators, to
be by the secretary laid before the senate and house of representatives on the first Wednesday of June.
And the person having a majority of votes in any county, shall
be considered as duly elected a counsellor but if no person shall
have a majority of votes in any county, the senate and house
of representatives shall take the names of the two persons
who have the highest number of votes in each county, and
not elected, and out of those two, shall elect by joint ballot,
Council.
sellors, for
:
the counsvrllor wanted for such county and the qualifications
for counsellors shall be the same as for senators.
If any person thus chosen a counsellor, shall be elected
governor or member of either branch of the legislature, and shall
accept the trust ; or if any person elected a counsellor, shall refuse to accept the office ; or in case of the death, resignation, or
removal of any counsellor out of the state ; the governor mayissue a precept for the election of anew counsellor in that county
where such vacancy shall happen ; and the choice shall be in the
same manner as before directed : and the governor shall have full
power and authority to convene the council, from time to time,
at his discretion ; and with them or the majority of them, may
and shall from time to time hold a council for ordering
and directing the affiiirs of the state according to the laws of
:
the land.
of the council may be impeached by the house
by the senate, for bribery, corruption, mal-practice, or
The members
and
tried
mal-administration.
The resolutions and advice of the council shall be .recorded by
the secretary in a register, and signed by all the members present agreeing thereto ; and this record may be called for at any
time by either house of the legislature ; and any member of the
council may enter his opinion contrary to the resolutions of the
majority, with the reasons for such opinion.
The legislature may, if the public good shall hereafter require
it,
divide the state into five districts, as nearly equal as
governing themselves by the
portion of public taxes ; each
in case of such division, the
formable to the present mode
number of rateable
district to elect
may
be,
and proa counsellor
and
polls,
manner of the choice
:
shall
of election in counties.
be con-
�GENERAL VIEW.
35
And
whereas the elections appointed to be made by this conon the first Wednesday of June annually by the two
houses of the legislature, may not be completed on that day, the
said elections may be adjourned from day to day, until the same
be completed ; and the order of the elections shall be as follows
the
the vacancies in the senate (if any) shall be first filled up
governor shall then be elected, provided there shall be no choice
of him by the people
and afterwards the two houses shall proceed to fill up the vacancy (if any) in the council.
stitution
:
:
:
—
Secretary^ Treasurer^ Commissary-General^ SsPc- The secreand commissary-general, shall be chosen by
joint ballot of the senators and representatives assembled in one
tary, treasurer,
room.
The
records of the state shall be kept in the office of the sethe governor and council, the sen; and he shall attend
ate and representatives, in person or by deputy,, as they may recretary
quire.
The secretary of the state shall at all times have a deputy, to
be by him appointed ; for whose conduct in office he shall be responsible : and in case of the death, removal, or inability,
of the secretary ; his deputy shall exercise all the duties of
the office of secretary of this state, until another shall be appointed.
The secretary before he enters upon the business of his
office, shall give bond with sufficient sureties, in a reasonable
sum, for the use of the state, for the punctual performance of his
trust.
—
County Treasurer^ ^c. The county treasurers and registers
of deeds, shall be elected by the inhabitants of the several towns,
in the several counties in the state, according to the method now
practised, and the laws of the state.
Provided nevertheless^ The legislature shall have authority
to alter the manner of certifying the votes and the mode of
but not so as to deprive the people of
electing those officers
the right they now have of electing them.
And the legislature, on the application of the major part of
the inhabitants of any county, shall have authority to divide
;
the
same
into
two
districts for registering deeds, if to
shall appear necessary
;
each district
them
it
f elect a register of deeds
:
and before they enter upon the business of their offices, shall be
respectively sworn faithfully to discharge the duties thereof, and
shall severally give bond, with sufficient sureties, in a reasonable
sum, for the use of the county, for the punctual performance of
their respective trusts.
�GENERAL VIEW.
{J6
yudiciary Power. -^Tht tenure that all commissioned officers
have by law in their offices, shall be expressed in their reall judicial officers duly appointed, comspective commissions
missioned and sworn, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, excepting those concerning whom there is a different proProvided nevertheless^ the
vision made in this constitution
governor, with consent of counsel, may remove them upon the
address of both houses of the legislature.
Each branch of the legislature, as well as the governor and
council, shall have authority to require the opinions of the justices of the superior court, upon important questions of law and
upon solemn occasions.
In order that the people may not suffer from the long continuance in place of any justice of the peace, who shall fail in discharging the important duties of his office with ability and fidelity, all commissions of justices of the peace shall become void at
the ejcpiration of five years from their respective dates, and upon the expiration of any commission the same may if necessary
be renewed, or another person appointed, as shall most conduce
to the well being of the state.
All causes of marriage, divorce and alimony, and all appeals
from the respective judges of probate, shall be heard and tried by
the superior court until the legislature shall by law make other
shall
—
:
provisiono
The general court are empowered to give to justices of the
peace, jurisdiction in civil causes, when the damages demanded
^hallnot exceed four pounds^ and title of real estate is not concerned ; but with right of appeal to either party, to some other
court, so that a trial by jury in the last resort may be had.
No person shall hold the office of judge of any court, or
judge of probate, or sheriff of any county, after he has attained
the age of seventy years.
No judge of any court or justice of the peace^ shall act as
attorney, or be of counsel to any party, or originate any civil
suit, in matters which shall come, or be brought before him as
judge, or justice of the peace.
All matters relating to the probate of wills and granting letters of administration, shall be exercised by the judges of probate, in such manner as the legislature have directed, or may
hereafter direct : and the judges of probate shall hold their
courts at such place or places, on such fixed days, as the conveniency of the people may require, and the legislature from
time Lo time appoint.
No judge, or register of probate, shall be of counsel, act as
advocate, or receive any fees as advocate or counsel, in aay
�GENERAL VIEW.
37
probate business which is pending, or may be brought into any
court of probate in the county of which he is judge or register.
—
The judges of the courts (those of probate
Clerks of Court.
excepted) shall appoint their respective clerks, to hold their office during pleasure : and no such clerk shall act as an attorney, or be of counsel in any cause in the court of which he is
clerk, nor shall he draw any writ originating a civil action.
—
Encouragement of Literature^ ^c. Knowledge and learning,
generally diffused through a community, being essentiabto the
preservation of a free government ; and spreading the opportunities and advantages of education through the various parts
of the country, being highly conducive to promote this end
it shall be the duty of the legislators and magistrates, in all future periods of this government, to cherish the interest of literature and the sciences, and all seminaries and public schools ;
to encourage private and public institutions, rewards and immunities for the promotion of agriculture, arts, sciences, commerce, trades, manufactures, and natural history of the country ; to countenance and inculcate the principles of humanity
and general benevolence, public and private charity, industry
and economy, honesty and punctuality, sincerity, sobriety, and
generous sentiments among the
social affections, and
all
people.
Oath and Subscriptions Exclusion from Offices ; Commissions ;
Writs ; Confirmation of Laws ; Habeas Corpus ; The Enacting Stile ; Continuance of Officers / Provision for a Future
Revision of the Constitution^ ^c.
Any person chosen governor, counsellor, senator, or representative, military or civil officer, (town officers excepted) accepting
the trust, shall, before he proceeds to execute the duties of his
;
make and subscribe the following declaration, viz.
A. B. do solemnly swear, that I will bear faith and true
allegiance to the State of New-Hampshire, and will support the
constitution thereof.
So help me God.
I, A. B. do solemnly and sincerely swear and affirm, that I
office,
I,
and impartially discharge and perform all the duincumbent on me as
according to the best of
my abilities, agreeably to the rules and regulations of this conSo
stitution, and the laws of the State of New-Hampshire.
will faithfully
ties
help
me God.
Any
person having taken and subscribed the oath of allegiance, aiid the same being filed in the secretary's office, he shall
not be obliged to take said oath again.
�GENERAL VIEW
(Jb
Provided always^
When
any person chosen or appointed as
aforesaid, shall be of the denomination called quakers, or shall
be scrupulous of swearing, and shall decline taking the said
oaths, such person shall take and subscribe them, omitting the
sxvear^ and likewise the words so help me Godj subjoining
instead thereof, this I do under the pains andpenalties ofperjury*
And the oaths or affirmations shall be taken and subscribed
by the governor, before the president of the senate, in presence
of both hcusLs of the legislature, and by the senators and representatives first elected under this constitution, as altered and
amended, before the president of the state, and a majority of the
council then in office, and forever afterwards, before the governor and council for the time being ; and by all other officers,
before such persons and in such manner as the legislature shall
word
from time to time appoint.
All commissions shall be inthenameof theStateofNew-Hampshire, signed by the governor and attested by the secretary, or his
deputy, and shall have the great seal of the state affixed thereto.
All writs issuing out of the clerk's office in any of the courts
of law, shall be in the name of the State of New-Hampshire ;
shall be under the seal of the court whence they issue, and
bear test of the chief, first, or senior justice of the court ; but
when such justice shall be interested, then the writ shall bear
test of some other justice of the court to which the same shall be
returnable ; Tmd be signed by the clerk of such court.
All indictments, presentments, and informations shall conclude, agaiiist the peace and dignity of the state.
The estates of such persons as may destroy their own lives,
shall not for that offence be forfeited, but descend or ascend in
the same manner as if such persons had died in a natural way ;
nor shall any article which shall accidentally occasion the death
of any person, be henceforth deemed a deodand, or in any wise
forfeited on account of such misfortune.
All the laws which have heretofore been adopted, used and
approved, in the province, colony, or State of New-Hampshire,
and usually practised on in the courts of law, shall remain and
be in full force until altered and repealed by the legislature ;
such parts thereof only excepted, as are repugnant to the
rights and liberties contained in this constitution : provided that
nothing herein contained, when compared with the 23d article
in the bill of rights, shall be construed to affect the laws already made respecting the persons, or estates, of absentees.
The privilege and benefit of the habeas corpus, shall be enjoyed in this state, in the most free, easy, cheap, expeditious, and
ample manner, and shall not be suspended by the legislature, except upon the most urgent and pressing occasions, and for a time
not exceeding three months.
�GENERAL VIEW.
39
'
The enacting stile in making and passing acts, statutes, and
Be it enacted by the senate and house of repre*
laws, shall be
sentatives^ in general court convened.
No governor, or judge of the supreme judicial court shall hold
any office or place under the authority of this state, except such
as by this constitution they are admitted to hold, saving that
the judges of the said court may hold the office of justice of
the peace throughout the state ; nor shall they hold any place or
office, or receive any pension or salary, from any other state,
government, or power whatever.
No
person shall be capable of exercising at the same time,
the following offices within "this state, vz.
judge of probate, sheriff, register of deeds ; and never more
than two offices of profit, which may be held by appointment of the governor, or governor and council, or senate
and house of representatives, or superior or inferior courts ;
military offices and offices of justices of the peace excepted.
No person holding the office of judge of any court (except
special judges,) secretary, treasurer of the state, attorney-general, commissary-general, military officers receiving pay from
the continent or this state (excepting officers of the militia, occasionally called forth on an emergency) register of deeds,
sheriff, or officers of the customs, including naval officers, collectors of excise and state and continental taxes, hereafter appointed and not having settled their accounts with the respective officers with whom it is their duty to settle such accounts,
members of congress, or any person holding any office under
the United States, shall at the same time hold the office of governor, or have a seat in the senate, or house of representatives,
or council ; but his being chosen and appointed to, and accepting the same, shall operate as a resignation of their seat in the
chair, senate, or house of representatives, or council
and the
place so vacated shall be filled up.
No member of the council
shall have a seat in the senate or house of representatives.
No person shall ever be admitted to hold a seat in the legislature, or any office of trust or importance, under this government, who in the due course of law has been convicted of bribery or corruption in obtaining an election or appointment.
In all cases where sums of money are mentioned in this constitution, thd value thereof shall be computed in silver at six
shillings and eight pence per ounce.
To the end that there may be no failure of justice, or danger
to the state by the alterations and amendments made in the constitution, the general court is hereby fiilly authorized and directed tQ fix the time when the alterations and amendments shall
take effect, and make the necessary arrangements accordingly.*
more than one of
;
*
See act oC 14th Dec. 1792
�GENERAL VIEW.
40
It shall be the duty of the selectmen and assessors^ of the
several towns and places in this state, in warning the first annual meetings for the choice of senators, after the expiration of
seven years from the adoption of this constitution as amended,
to insert expressly in the warrant, this purpose among the others for the meeting, to wit, to take the sense of the qualified
voters on the subject of a revision of the constitution ; and the
meeting being warned accordingly (and not otherwise) the moderator shall take the sense of the qualified voters present, as to
the necessity of a revision j and a return of the number of votes
for and against such necessity, shall be made by the clerk, sealed up and directed to the general court, at their then next session ; and if it shall appear to the general court by such return,
that the sense of the people of the str.te has been taken, and that
in the opinion of the majority of the qualified voters in the state,
present and voting at said meetings, there is a necessity for a
revision of the constitution, it shall be the duty of the general
court to call a convention for that purpose, otherwise the general court shall direct the sense of the people to be taken, and
The delegates
then proceed in the manner before mentioned.
to be chosen in the same manner, and proportioned as the reprovided that no alterations
presentatives to the general court
shall be made in this constitution, before the same shall be laid
:
before the towns and unincorporated places, and approved by
thirds of the qualified voters present and voting on the
two
subject.
And
the
same method of taking the sense of the people, as
and calling a convention for
to a revision of the constitution,
that purpose, shall be observed afterwards, at the expiration of
every seven years.
This form of government shall be enrolled on parchment, and
deposited in the secretary's office, and be a part of the laws of
the land : and printed copies thereof shall be prefixed to the
books containing the laws of this state, in all future editions
thereof.
—
The judicial department in NewJudicial Department.
as at present organized, consists in the first place of a
superior court of judicature, composed of a chief justice and two
associate justices. This courthas cognizance of high crimes and
misdemeanors, receives appeals from the inferior courts and the
courts of probate, and determines all questions of marriage, divorce, and alimony.
It holds two sessions annually in each
county.
There are also in this state two district courts of commoa
pleas.
For this purpose the state is divided into two districts^
Hampshire
�GENERAL VIEW.
41
of the counties of Rockingham, Strafford, and
Hillsborough, and the other of the counties of Grafton, ChesIn each of these districts there is a court of
hire, and Coos.
common pleas, composed of one chief justice who is assisted byThis court holds its
two associate justices in each county.
sessions semi-annually in each county.
There is also in each county a court of probate of wills, &c.
consisting of one judge assisted by a register.
It sits eveiy
month in diiFerent parts of each county. This court has cognizance of all matters pertaining to the descent and settlement
It exercises care over widows,
of estates testate and intestate.
orphans, idiots, and insane persons, and has the management of
one composed
confiscated estates.
For a more particular view of the laws of this state the reader is referred to the last edition of them.
Militartf Strength.
—The
militia of
New- Hampshire
is
com-
posed of every able bodied, white male citiz*. n resident there*
in, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except those exempted
by law, among whom are persons exempted on the ground of
religious scruples relating to war.
According to the annual return of the adjutant-general in
1814, the enrolled infantry amounted to 22,654 the artillery
the cavalry to 2,1/9, total 26,309.
There were also
to 1,476
34vpieces of brass ordnance.
The militia of New-Hampshire by
a law passed December 22, 1808, is divided into three divisions, six brigades, thirty-seven regiments, and seventy-four
Each division is commanded by a major-general,
battalions.
who is allowed two aids with the rank of major.
Each brigade has one brigadier-general and a brigade-inspector, who also
performs the duty of a brigade-major. Each regiment has one
colonel-commandant, one lieutenant-colonel, and one major.
All these officers must reside within th^ limits of their respec-
—
—
tive
commands.
Fortifications*
— (See Portsmouth and Newcastle.)
—
Religion*
The constitution of New-Hampshire secures to
the people of this state the freedom of religious opinion and
worship. The laws provide equally for the protection of every
class of christians, and the constitution expressly declares, " that
no subordination of one sect or denomination to another shall
ever be established by law." The people of this state claim and
exercise the right of selecting and supporting their own religious instructors, nor can any person be compelled to contribute
towards the support of any religious denomination to which he
6
�GENERAL VIEW.
42
For every rational purpose therefore, liberty
does not belong.
of conscience exists, in this state in the fullest sense of the
word.
The principal religious denominations in this state are seven
in
number,
viz. congregationalists, presbyterians, episcopalians,
baptists, methodists, qu;ikcrs,
and universalists.
There
is
also
a small societv of sandimanians in Portsmouth, and one of
The
shakers in each of the towns of Canterbury and Enfield.
most numerous of these sects is the baptist denomination.
The christian religion under some form is almost universally
Those few sceptics who preprofessed throughout the state.
tend to deny this religion have not as yet agreed upon any substitute for
it.
in New-Hampshire 261 houses appropriated to
religious worship, which are in general frequented every sabbath, and there are nearly the same number of school houses
and other buildings which are used in the sam^ manner.
There are
From
State
the best information
we can
222 ordained ministers, of
procure, there are iji this
100 are congregational-
whom
method^
and 107 baptists.
It is a remarkable fact that some of the above sects differ
Many of them disagree with each other much
only in name.
less than do individuals of the same society in their private
ists,
3 presbyterians, 3 episcopalians, 3 universalists, 6
ists,
opinions.
Manners
^ Customs. — It
is
a
much
easier task to describe the
manners of past times than of the present notwithstanding
however the variety in this respect which must prevail in a
whole state, there must exist some general and prominent traits
which all will recognize.
;
The
people of New-Hampshire, like the first civilized setall new countries, are in general robust, brave, and acThe advantages of early education were not formerly
tive.
of such easy access nor so generally enjoyed as the true interests of the state demanded, yet there w^ere at all times individuals who surmounted the want of those advantages, and who,
by the energy of native genius and persevering industry qualified themselves to render the most important services to their
Since the revolution however, the means of
fellow citizens.
early instruction and mental improvement as well as the facilities of general information have abundantly increased and multiplied, and unquestionably these advantages will continue to
tlers
of
increase.
of
But of however recent origin may have been the literature
New-Hampshire, the character of this state has always pos-
�GENERAL
VIKVV.
43
sessed those valuable qualities which have rendered it an imIts inhabitants can
portant branch of the American union.
number among their native characteristics, fortitude and patience in adversity, intrepidity in danger, and alertness in acMany of the first settlers of this state were often reduced
tion.
Their style of living was as simple as possible.
to poverty.
Their houses were constructed of logs and poles, united at their
ends by incisions where they meet.
The crevices between
these logs were plastered and filled up with stiff clay, the consistency of which was increased by a mixture of earth or straw.
The roof was either of bark, or thin portions of logs. The
fire place was merely a pile of stones, within which the fire was
kindled on the ground, while the smoke was allowed to escape
During the winter, it
as it could through a hole in the roof.
was the practice to keep a fire by night as well as day. Ovens
were situated at a distance from the houses and were constructed of stones, cemented and plastered over with clay.
Throughout the new settlements, there were to be seen many of these
rude attempts in the art of house building, which served for the
accommodation of whole families, until their industry could prepare better materials and a better situation for their dwellings.
By these modes of living our forefathers became inured to
hardships, and by subjecting themselves to abstinence and labour
their children acquired the means of raising up large families,
and rendering themselves independent freeholders.
They feel
therefore, all that dignity and pride which spring from the consciousness that their estates are the fruit of their industry.
From the traditions they have received of the fortitude, sufferings and struggles of their ancestors, they have caught the inspiration of courage and the glow of patriotic emulation.
New-H impshire possesses therefore in its local character, the
sources of manly and heroic virtue, and of all that persevering
intrepidity which can at once encounter with patience the hardships of a desert and face an enemy without dismay.
Their
martial spirit needs only opportunities for its exercise.
The
militia of this state, under the advantages of regular discipline,
and commanded by officers of trust and ability, is fully adequate
to all the purposes of local defence.
The female sex in New-Hampshire have the general characteristics which distinguish New-England women ; freshness,
delicacy, and softness of countenance, creating not unfrequently the perfection of female beauty.
Among that portion of
them who have enjoyed the benefits of early education, the traveller may find all the fascinations of manners, the charms of
conversation, and the attractions of accomplishment.
The females of this st^Xt are in general trained from their youth to
�GENERAL VIEW.
44
the duties of domestic economy, from which the distinctions
The employof fortune are seldom considered an exemption.
ments of the needle and other domestic avocations are here
regarded as honourable, and indolence brings equal reproach
upon both sexes. In the farming towns, the women manufacTheir fabrics of linen and
ture the clothing of their families.
No part of
woollen are of the firmest and neatest quality.
the world can produce superior butter and cheese to that made
on the banks. of the Connecticut.
Gambling is i vice unknown in New- Hampshire, except
among that worthless few who are either unable, or unwilling
The gamester, the
to follow the pursuits of honest industry.
jockey, and the knave are the objects of detestation and neglect among all whose object it is to sustain an honourable
all
character.
—
The only college in this state is in
Literature &J* Science.
It was called Dartthe town of Hanover (See Hanover.)
mouth college from the Right Hon. William, Earl of Dartmouth, who was one of its earliest and principal benefactors.
There is an instiIts charter was obtained in the year 1769.
tution annexed to the college, called Moore's school, containing
between 50 and 60 scholars.
The number of academies and incorporated schools in this
One of the academies is in Exeter, and is
state is about 20.
It was founded in 1781 ;
called Phillips Exeter Academy.
its condition is very flourishing, and its reputation and usefulness very extensive. There are also smaller academies at GilFor
manton, Ncw-Ipswich, Chesterfield, Atkinson, &c. &c.
accounts of those institutions, the reader is referred to the descriptioiiS of the towns where they are situated.
—
Banks. There are four banks at Portsmouth, viz. the NewHimpshiie Bank, incorporated 1792, N. H. Union Bank, incorporated 1802, Portsmouth Bank, incorporated 1803, and the
There are also banks
Rockingham Bank, incorporated 1813.
Dovt-r, Exeter, Haverhill, and Keene, all incorporated
1803, and at Amherst and Concord, incorporated in
1806.
at
in
—
Of these institutions, there are in NewInsurance Companies.
H'^mpshire four, all of them at Portsmouth. They have power to effect insurance upon vessels and their cargoes, as well as
They insure also against fire upon
other goods !nd chattels.
buildings and merchandize, against captivity, and against loss of
life.
�GENERAL VIVM.
Progressive Population.
—The
'
45
earliest census or authenticat-
ed estimate of the population of this state, which we have been
able to find was made in 1680, when this territory was under the
The province, as it was then called, then
British government.
contained only four towns, viz. Portsmouth, Dover, Exeter,
and Hampton. The number of qualified voters at that time,
were in Portsmouth 71, in Dover 61, in Hampton 57^ and in
Exeter 20, making a total of 209. No regular estimate of the
whole population was made before the year 1749, at which
time, the province was under the immediate government of
Gov. Wentworth.
"
The
progressive population of the state since that time is as
; in
1749, it amounted to 30,000 ; in 1767, it was 52,000 ;
in 1775, it was 82,000; in 1790, it was 141,000; in 1800, it
was 183,000; and in 1810, it was 214,460, of whom 37,200
follows
were legal voters.
The advance of population therefore in ten years was
This must have been the natural increase, because
30,602.
New-Hampshire does not gain so much by emigration from
her sister states as she loses by emigration to Vermont, NewYork, and the western country. Where land can be obtained at
so cheap a rate, and the means of subsistence are so easy as in
the new settled parts of our state, much encouragement is necessarily given to early marriage, and indeed an unmarried man,
of the age of thirty, is rarely to be found in our country towns.
Our young farmers, having cleared a small tract of land and
provided the means of present accommodation, soon experience
the truth of the old adage, that " it is not good for man to be
alone." Having the prospect of immediate support before their
eyes, they feel no dread of early connexions.
Indeed a fe-*
male soon becomes the indispensable partner of agricultural labour in our new settlements, where the land is brought to pasture and the business of a dairy has commenced, over which it
is the province of women to preside, and with whom it is at
once an object of interest and ambition.
Counties y
£s?c.
— (See various
articles in the
Gazetteer.)
Manufactories.—Th^ manufacturing interests of New-Hampshire have been recently in a state of rapid progression.
This
state contains more than thirty incorporated factories in the
many of them on an extensive
There are also several others which are not incorporated.
Most of them have been established within five or six
years past, and are, with few exceptions, now in operation.
These establishments will be particularly mentioned in the ac*
branches of cotton and woollen,
scale.
�46
GENERAL VIEW.
counts of the respective towns where they are situated, viz*
Exeter, Dover, Peterborough, Milford, Lebanon, New-Ipswich, &c. &c.
There is also the New-Hampshire Iron Factory Company, incorporated in 1805, the Haverhill and Franconian Iron Factory
Company, incorporated in 1808, the N. H. Mineral Company,
incorporated in 1811, the New-Bostou Wire and Iron Factory
Company, incorporated in 1812, the Bath Alum Company, incorporated in 1812, and the N.H. Glass Manufactory Company
at Keene, incorporated in 1814.
There are also several furnaces for casting iron, hollow
ware, &c. for rolling and slitting iron, casting brass cannon, and
Carding
at Exeter there is a good manufactory of small arms.
and spinning machines, all kinds of cabinet work and turnery,
wool and cotton cards, all kinds of articles in the cooper's line,
bricks, tiles, and potters wares, are manufactured in various
parts of the state, as also ardent spirits and essences of various
kinds, hats, shoes, boots, saddles, and harness, carriages of all
sorts ; tin, copper, and brass ware, clocks, bells, combs, millstones, ploughs, and all the implements of husbandry.
The earliest traffic that was known in this state was that of
the fur trade with the Indians.
I'he next trade was in fish,
and the next in lumber. In former years the banks of the Piscataqua were covered with excellent pine timber, which was
exported in various forms. The first settlers erected many sawmills on the branches of the rivers, and a brisk trade in this
branch was carried on for many years. When the lands adjacent to the rivers were stripped of their first growth, it was supThis however
posed that the lumber business would decline.
From an interior circuit of 40 or 50
*has not been the fact.
During a period
miles, timber is transported for exportation.
of several years after the revolution, the partial imposts and impolitic restrictions of our government excluded foreign vessels
from our ports, while a deficiency both of capital and enterprize, prevented the merchants of the Piscataqua from exploring
the many new sources of commerce, which were opened by
their national independence, and which their brethren in other
seaports were improving with avidity.
But the operations of
the Federal government have introduced a more equal system
of imposts and other regulations of trade by which the commercial interests of this as well as of other parts of the union have
been rapidly advanced.
The officers of the customs in NewHampshire are appointed by the national executive, and the
revenue arising from its commerce, goes into the national treasury.
The salutary effects of the attention of congress to the
navigation of New-Hampshire i* evident from the situation of
'
�GENERAL VfEW.
47
some other states in the union.
New-Hampsituated in the bosom of Massachusetts, with only a
narrow strip of sea coast and only one port belonging to her ;
her interior country is spread extensively along the borders of
adjacent States in such a manner, as to compel her to a commerthis as well as of
shire
is
with them. All her towns which lie on her
southern border, and most of those which lie on her western
border, find it more convenient to carry their produce to the markets either of Newburyport, Boston or Hartford than to Portsmouth. The towns situated on the Saco river and those on the
northern part of the Connecticut, will necessarily communicate
with the markets in the District of Maine. The lumber, which
is cut on the upper banks of the Merrimack, is rafted down that
river and exported from Newburyport or Boston, while most
of that which is cut on the Connecticut river is carried to HartThe largest and best part of New-Hampshire is thereford.
fore cut off by nature from all commercial intercourse with her
Lumber being a bulky article, is always transonly sea port.
ported to the nearest emporium, and when it is possible, by waAll other heavy articles, such as pot and pearl
ter carriage.
ashes, beef, pork, cheese, butter, flax, &c. which require waggons or sleighs, as also live cattle, sheep, and swine will always
be sent to the most advantageous market. These circumstances
sufficiently explain the fact, that the government of NewHampshire have never been able, either before or since the
revolution, to concentrate within this state its proper commercial
advantages, nor even to ascertain the value of its native produccial connection
tions.
,
impracticable tl»erefore to describe particularly the number or value of the articles of trade which are produced in
New-Hampshire and exported from the different ports of Massachusetts and Connecticut.
To confine the detail to the port
of Portsmouth would give a very imperfect and indistinct idea
of the productiveness of the state.
Such facts and estimates
however which have been obtained on this subject, will be developed under their proper heads.
The staple commodities of New-Hampshire, m^iy be said to
consist of the following articles, viz. lumber, provisions, horses,
neat cattle, fish, pot and pearl ashes, and flax-seed. The total
value of the exportation from Portsmouth from October, 178%
to October, 1790, was ^296,839,51 cents. In 1798, the total value
in that year was $723^4U In 1810, it was only g234,650. This
diminution was caused by the existing commercial restrictions.
Since 1810, the commerce of Portsmouth has revived very
slowly.
(See Portsmouth.)
It
is
�GENERAL VIEW
48
—
Free Masonry. The grand lodge of New-Hampshire was
There are a
incorporated December 30, 1805, for 20 years.
number of lodges in the state subordinate to this grand lodge,
viz. Washington, St. John's, Jerusalem, Franklin, Benevolent,
&c. &c. Trinity Chapter of Royal Masons at Hopkinton, and
St.
Andrew's Royal Arch Chapter
Societies.
at
Hanover.
—The number and character of the
societies in this
honour upon the taste, intelligence and humanity of
There are two mechanical societies, viz. Newits inhabitants.
Hampshire and Walpole, both incorporated in 1805, two misa
sionary societies, the New-Hampshire and Piscataqua
marine society, a bible society, two agricultural societies, and. a
The medimedical society, which was incorporated in 1791.
cal society is divided into districts, viz. the eastern, centre, and
The eastern and centre districts contain the fellows
western.
and associates elected from the counties of Rockingham, Strafthe western contains those elected from
ford, and Hillsborough
The annual meeting is held at
Cheshire, Grafton, and Coos.
Concord on the first Tuesday of June.
There are several incorporated musical societies inthisstate,
viz. Rockingham, Concord, Handellian, Londonderry, Plymouth,
Central, &c. the professed objects of all which are the circulation
of approved tuiies, the diffusion of a classical taste, and the enjoyment of all the pleasures arising from the social cultivation
There are library societies incorporated
of sacred harmony.
There is perhaps
in every considerable township of the state.
no mode of public improvement so practicable in a small comOf these establishments,
munifv ris thot of social libraries.
New-H.impshire contains at least two hundred, comprising in
There are althe whole nearly 10,000 well selected volumes.
state reflect
;
;
so in this state a large number of societies for the distribution
of religious tracts, several for the suppression of immorality,
and several to promote the observance of the sabbath.
Education receives as much encouragement in this state as
The legislature of New-Hampshire
in any pmrt of the world.
in 1808, passed an act making the following provisions, that
the selectmen of the several towns and parishes, and places in this
state be empowered and required to assess annually upon'the
inhabitants of their respective towns, parishes and places, accordinn: to their polls and rateable estates, and also upon improved and unimproved lands and buildings of non-residents, in
a sum to be computed at the rate of seventy dollars for every
one dolhir of their proportion of public taxes for the time being,
and so on for a greater or less sum, which sums when collected
t» be appropriated to the sole purpose of keeping an English
�GENERAL VIEW.
49
school or schools within the town or parish for which the same
sounds and powEnglish language, reading, writing, English grammar, arithmetic, geography, and such other branches
as are necessary to be taught in an English school.
And furthermore, no person to be deemed qualified to teach any such
schools, unless he or she shall procure a certificate from some
able and respectable English or grammar school-master, or
learned minister of the gospel, or preceptor of some academy,
or the president, professor, or a tutor of some college, that he
or she is well qualified to teach such school, and likewise a certificate from the selectmen or minister of the town or parish to
which he or she belongs, that he or she sustains a good moral
character ; this certificate to be presented to the selectmen or
committee for inspecting schools in the town or parish where
such school is to be kept, previous to the commencement of such
school.
Also, that each town in the state shall at their annual
meeting, appoint three or more suitable persons to visit and
inspect the schools in their respective towns or parishes, at such
time as shall be most convenient for the parties concerned, and
in a manner they may judge most conducive to the progress of
literature, morals, and religion.
shall be assessed, for instruction in the various
ers of letters in the
State Prison.
—The
state prison
some stone building erected
at
of New-Hampshire
Concord three
is
a handhigh,
stories
containing thirty-six cells.
The prison is connected with the
keeper's house, a building of four stories.
The whole is enclosed by a wall fourteen feet in height.
The workmanship
of this edifice is not surpassed by any thing of the kind in the
United States. The internal affairs of the prison are under
the superintendence of three directors and a warden who ofThese officers are appointed by the
ficiates as the keeper.
governor and council. The minister of the town officiates as
The business of the prison is regulated in a manchaplain.
ner highly creditable to the immediate officers. At present
there are about thirty convicts, most of whom are employed in
the manufactory of wooden screws, of which article, nearly
ten thousand gross were manufactured for the proprietors in
less than twelve months.
There are other articles fabricated
here, such as door hinges and almost every description of smiths
w«rk. The employment of the prisoners is constant and systematized, and their food plain and wholesome. These circumstances, in addition to the regularity of their discipline, and
the healthy situation of the prison, at once alleviate the pains
of confinement and afford opportunity for reflection and amendment. This subject naturally leads to a cursory retrospect of
r
�GENERAL VIEW.
jU
In 1792, the folio vviag. crimes
the criminal laws of the state.
wert punishable with death by the laws then existing murder,
treason, rape, sodomy, burglary, arson, robbery, and forgery of
In June, 1812, a bill was enacted by the
public securities.
;
making great alterations in this criminal code. By
that and subsequent statutes, murder and treason only are made
punishable by death, while other crimes, before considered capital, are now made punishable by imprisonment for life in the
legislature,
state prison
;
for
minor offences the term of confinement
is
pro-
portionably shortened.
History.
—Under
this
head
it
will only be
attempted to ex-
some of the
principal outlines of the history of this state.
It will be observed that many of the events in the following
chronology belong to this state only as an integral member
hibit
of the union.
This territory was discovered in 1614, by Capt. John Smith,
and received the name of New-Hampshire from Capt. Mason,
the original patentee.
1623 In the spring of this year,
—
Edward and William Hilfrom London, with some other persons landed at Little Harbour, but not being satisfied with that place,
they erected their stage eight miles higher up the river toward the N. W. on a neck of land which the Indians called
Newichawaunat, which name was changed by the English to
Northam, and afterwards to Dover.
1624 In the month of March of this year, Mr. Edward
Winslow arrived at Plymouth in New-England. He conveyed with him in his ship three heifers and a bull, M'hich wer€
the first neat cattle ever brought into this country.
1627 Mr. Allerton of the Plymouth company went to England to procure a patent for a trading place on the Kenneton, fishmongers
—
—
bec river, the planters at Piscataqu:- having threatened to obtain an exclusive patent for the
1629
—Some
same ground.
who were
scattered over Massachusetts, wishing to make a settlement in the neighbourhood of the Piscataqua, and imitating the example of those
of the planters
Plymouth, who had purchased their lands of the Indians,
(as they conscientiously thought this necessary to give them
a just title) procured a general assembly of the Indians at
at
Swamscot Fails, (now Exeter) where a deed was obtained
from four Sycamores.
1631
The whole plantation of New-Hampshire was this
year divided into two parts.
Capt. Thomas Wiggin was appointed agent for the upper and Capt. Walter Ncal for the
fewer.
The former of these divisions contained what is now
—
�GENERAL VIEW.
51
Durham, &c. and the latter contained Portsmouth, Rye, Newcastle, Newington, and a part of Greenland.
A house was this year erected at Strawberry Bank,
called the Great House.
Humphrey Chadbourne had the
care of the saw mills at the upper plantations
the descendants of this man are to the present day persons of considerable
cailtd Doverj
:
note.
The proprietors this year sent over from England several pieces of cannon which they directed their agents to mount at some
place most convenient for a fort.
They accordingly stationed
them on the northwest point of the great
the mouth of the Piscataqua harbour, and
island
which lies at
ground
laid out the
about a " bow shot" distance from the water side to a high
rock, on which, it was concemplated to build the principal fort.
1632 During this year the coast was alarmed by reports of
a pirate, one Dixy Bull, who with a company of fifteen, being
employed in the Indian trade at the eastward, had taken several boats and dismantled the fort at Pemaquid
Capt. Neal, collecting a small band, equipped four pinnaces and shallops from
the Piscataqua and manned them with forty men, which w.is all
the force that could be spared from the plantations ; this fleet,
after uniting with a barge containing twenty men from Boston,
sailed for Pemaquid, but were forced by contrary winds and
bad weather to return without meeting with the enemy.
This
was the first naval armament equipped from New-Hampshire.
The pirates having proceeded further eastward, arrived afterwards in England, where Bull met with his just punishment.
—
:
1633
— Neal and Wiggin joined
in
surveying their respective
and in laying out the towns of Portsmouth and
Northam, and another, which was afterwards called Hampton,
although at this place no settlement had as yet been made.
1634 By this time Mason and Georges had become, either
by purchase or common consent, the principal, if not the sole
These gentlemen, perceiving that
proprietors of this territory.
as yet only five or six houses had been erected in both plantations, renewed their exertions and sent over a fresh supply of
labourers and materials for carrying on the settlement.
They
appointed Francis Williams the first governor.
He was a
gentleman of sound sense and discretion, and so acceptable to
the people, that when they afterwards united in a body politic,
they unanimously continued him their ruler.
A meeting house
was this year erected at Dover Neck, which was the first edifice of the kind in New- Hampshire.
1635 Sir Ferdinand Georges and Capt. Mason, having bestowed upon these settlements more pains and expense than the
other members of the grand council of Plymouth, and seeing uq
plantations,
—
—
�GENERAL VIEW.
52
|
.
prospect of any equivalent reward, fearing also from the great
clamouv in England against monopolies, that they should soon
be forced to resign their charter, entered this year upon a new
project, which was to procure a general governor for the whole
territory of New-England, to be immediately sent over, and to
In this plak
have jurisdiction from St. Croix to Maryland.
however they did not succeed.
1636 This year one Burdet who had been a minister of
Yarmouth in England, came over to Dover, and continued for
some time in high estimation with the people, until by artful insinuations he excited such a jealousy against Wiggin, the gov-*
ernor of the place, that they deprived the latter of his office and
elected Burdet in his stead, who was in reality, a vicious and
profane man.
1637 Several eminently pious persons this year removed inThat religious persecuto this colony from Massachusetts.
tion was the cause of their removal, is evident not only from
Mrs. Hutchinson, but it appears from other public proceedings, that inquisition had been enforced over their private opinions as well as over their declarations and conduct.
Toleration
in rulers, had been preached against as a sin, which would
bring down the judgments of heaven upon the land.
—
—
1638
ment
—This year John
Wheelwright commenced
his settle-
Exeter.
His followers immediately formed themselves into a church, and decreeing themselves beyond the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, they formed a separate political
body, and made choice of Nicholas Needham, Isaac Grosse, and
Thomas Wilson as their rulers for the first year. The laws
were enacted by a popular assembly and formally sanctioned
by the rulers. Treason against the country or the king, (who
was styled the Lord's-anointed !) were made capital crimes,
and sedition was punished by a fine of ten pounds. This association lasted about three years.
At this time a settlement was
formed at Winnecumet, which was afterwards called Hampton.
The first house in this place was built by Nicholas Easton, and
was called the bound-house, (See Hampton) Nicholas Easton
afterwards removed to Rhode- Island, and ereotedthe first house
Oxeh were at this time sold at Hampton for
in Newport.
twenty-five pounds sterling per head.
This year was made
memorable by a remarkable earthquake, which happened on the
2d day of June. Its approach was announced by a low rumbling noise, similar to that of distant thunder.
Its passage was
from the northward to the eastward. As the sound increased,
the earth began to shake so violently as to drive people from
the houses, nor could they stand without supporting themselves
by posts and fences. About half an hour after this, another
at
�GENERAL VIEW.
53
shock commenced, was not so violent as the first, which was
felt even a great distance at sea.
1639 This year Capt. John Underhill was mSlae governor
As soon as he was fixed in authority, he proceeded
at Dover.
to gather a church, over which Hanserd KnoUeys was appointed minister. He was a baptist of the antinomian order, and
Belike the governor his patron, was a man of bad character.
fore the end of the year, Underhill was displaced and one Roberts was appointed in his stead.
1640 During this year the troubles at Dover increased.
One Larkeham, a native of Lime in England, and formerly minister at Barnstead, came over possessing good talents as a preachOn this
er, he eclipsed Knolleys and was chosen in his place.
occasion a council was called, composed of Simon Broadstreet,
Esq. of Boston, the celebrated Hugh Peters minister of Salem,
and Timothy Dalton, minister of Hampton. They travelled on
foot to Dover but did not succeed in effecting a permanent arrangement. Underhill, Knolleys, and Larkeham removed out
of the colony.
During all this period the people of Portsmouth, Dover, &c.
had no right of self government delegated from the British
crown, but finding the necessity of some more determinate form
than they had as yet enjoyed, they combined themselves in separate bodicspolitic, after the example of their neighbours at ExThe inhabitants of Dover, by a written instrument, subeter.
scribed by forty persons, agreed to submit to the laws of England
and to such other regulations as should be formed by a majority
of their number, until the pleasure of the king should be known.
The date of a similar association at Portsmouth is not known.
Mr. Hutchinson supposed the whole number of neat cattle in
the colony of Massachusetts in 1640, to be 12,000, and the
sheep about 4000, and he says, that " a cow, sold two years
It is probaago for 30/. may now be purchased for 5 or 6/."
ble that there were in New-Hampshire at this time, about 1200
neat cattle and 300 sheep.
1641
At this time, all the settlements by a voluntary act
submitted to Massachusetts and were comprehended in the
county of Norfolk, which extended from the Merrimack to
the Piscataqua.
By a subsequent order, a very extraordinary
concession was made to the towns of Portsmouth and Dover,
which indicated a strong anxiety on the part of the government to retain these towns under their controul. The test,
which had been established by law, was dispensed with in their
favour. Their freemen were allowed to vote in town affairs,
and their deputies to sit in the general court, although they
were not church members, (Sept. 28th»)
—
—
;
—
�54
GENEKAL VIEW.
—
1643 About this time, several persons at Boston were whipped, filled and banished for the crime of what was then called
heresy.
In this year also, Boston castle ^v^s built. The church
at Boston refused the church at Exeter the privilege of settling a minister. Mr. Belknap remarks, that this stretch of power, which
would now be regarded as an infringement of
christian liberty, was then agreeable to most of the fathers of
New- England.
—
1645 An union having now been formed between the settlements on the Piscataqua and the colony of Massachusetts,
their history for the succeeding forty years is of course in a
great measure identified.
In the year 1646, Mr. Winthrop was
chosen governor, and Mr. Dudley, lieutenant governor.
In
1647, an epidemic sickness passed through the continent.
English, French, Dutch, and Indians were indiscriminately the victims of it.
It was attended with a slight fever.
Those, wh©
resorted to bleeding or who used cooling medicines generally died.
Its ravages extended to the West-Indies, where 5 or
6000 were destroyed by it.
similar contagion has passed
over the country at several successive periods.
1648 This year, Rhode-Island requested admission into the
New- England confederacy, but she was not received.
The first instance of an execution for witchcraft, was in June,
1748.
Margaret Jones of Charlestown, was indicted as a
witch, condemned and hung.
She was charged with having
such a malignant touch, that if she laid her hands upon any
person in anger, the person was immediately seized with deafness, vomiting or some other violent affection.
After the execution of this woman, her husband took passage for Barbadoes
a ship which was well ballasted, and which had eighty
horses on board.
The vessel happening to roll on a sudden, in
an alarming manner, an officer was ordered to apprehend this
man and put him in confinement ; the ship was then said to
roll no more.
Such was the wonderful credulity and infatuation of that day.
Happy would it have been for NewEngland if this had been the only specimen of those fol-
A
—
m
lies.
1649
— Early
year died Gov. Winthrop, one of the faHe was succeeded by Endicot. Mi*.
Dudley remained deputy gov^frnor.
It is asserted by some
writers, that when Gov. Winthrop was on his death-bed, he was
solicited by Mr. Dudley to sign a warrant for the banishment
of one of those persons then called heretics. Winthrop refused,
and observed that " he had done too much of that work already."
thers of
in this
New-England.
�GENERAL VIEW.
55
In every age, many actions indifferent in their nature, have
been regarded as sinful and been classed among the greatest
The text in the Apostle's epistle to the Corinthienormities.
ans against wearing loJig hair^ led our ancestors to suppose that
They
tbis of course must be a sin in all ages and nations.
treated long hair therefore as one of the enormities.
It is wonderful, that a certain text in Leviticus, " ye shall
not round the corners of your head," was never urged the
It was the regulation at this period
custom of short hair.
in NfW-England, that the hair should not be worn below the
This regulation was enforced with peculiar rigour upon
ears.
clergymen. They were especially required to appear, '' patenfew years before this, the use of tobacco
tibus auribus.'^
Some of the writers of
was prohibited by a heavy penalty.
that day compare the smoke of it to the smoke of the bottomIfss pit.
Some of the clergymen however, yielded to the sin
of smoking, and tobacco was accordingly set at liberty by an
Beards as well as wigs were also
act of the legislature.
prohibited by authority.
1650 Capt. Wiggins and Edward Gibbens were added to
the council, and Mr. Endicot was chosen governor for the
It was
years 1651
3, and Mr. Dudley, lieutenant governor.
in this year, that the new District of Maine fell into the jurisdiction of Massachusetts.
1652 This year a mint was established in Boston for coinThe first pieces being shillings, six-pences, and three-pences.
ing struck in 1652, the same date was continued upon all
The court ordered, that all the
money for thirty years after.
coins should have a double ring, with the inscription of the word
*' Massachusetts," with a
tree in the centre on one side, and
New-England and the date of the year on the other. No other colony in this country ever presumed to coin money.
1656 In this year, began, what is generally and properly
fine of ten pounds
termed, the persecution of the quakers.
In
was inflicted on any person, who harboured a quaker.
October of this year, eleven of the sect, received sentence of
banishment ; and the master of the ship, which brought th-^m
from England, was required to bind himself with sureties to
the amount of 500/. to carry them all out of the country. (See
Hutch. Vol. .1 p. 97.) Mr. Hutchinson observes, that " he could
not find what law they had for this."
In this month also, an act passed imposing a fine of 100/.
upon any master of a vessel, who should bring a quaker into
the colony, and that if a quaker should arrive, he should be
immediately sent to the house of correction, receive twenty
stripes, and be confined to hard labour until he could be
A
—
—
—
—
A
�GENERAL ^^EW.
56
At the next session, an act passed, by which ail
transported.
persons were liable to a fine of forty shillings for harbouring
a quaker one hour. After the first conviction under this act,
the offender, if a man, was to lose one ear, and upon the third
conviction, the other ; if a woman, she was for each offence
to be whipped^ and upon the fourth conviction, the offender,
whether man or woman was to have the tongue bored through
In May, 1658, a penalty was inflicted upon
with a hot iron.
every person, who should attend a quaker meeting.
Under
this act, a child only eleven years Jd, by the name of Pa-
The imprisonment
tience Scott, was tried and imprisoned.
of such a child was as strange as any further severity would
have been horrible.
1660 Two quakers, by the names of William Robertson
and Marmaduke Stevenson, were executed on the 27th of OcSeveral persons were fined to the amount of 10/. for
tober.
entertaining quakers at their houses, and one man, of the name
of Wharton, for pilotting them from one port to another,
was ordered to receive twenty stripes. Several others were
Bishop says, " they cut off
executed, banished or whipped.
the ears of Holden, Capeland, and Rouse in prison, and
were whipped and banished upon pain of
that others
death."
In this inquisitorial persecution, the clergy were the most
The sufferings of the victims excited the compassion
active.*
of the people, many of whom resorted to the prisons by day and
night, so that the keepers were forced to establish a constant
guard to restrain them. Wendlock Christopherson among othThis man implored the court to coners was sentenced to die.
sider, whether they gained any thing by the persecution.
For
the last man, said he, that was put to death, five rose up in his
stead ; and although you have power to take my life, God can
—
same principles into ten more of his servants and
send them among you, that you may have torment upon torment. This man was executed June 13th, 1660. Some of his
May those
persecuted companions were tried at Hampton.
unhappy days never return, when men suppose they are doing
God service by sporting with the lives of his children.
1662 On the 26th of January of this year, there were two
shocks of an earthquake, and on the 28th a third.
1664 The people of New- England were this year alarmed by the appearance of a very large comet, which continued
inspire the
—
—
The pillory served George Fox for his pulpit.
From this he harangued
populace.
Inflamed by his eloquence, they raised a mob and released him,
and set in the same pillory a certain clergyman, who bad been instrumental in
the imprisonment of Fox.
*
tlie
�GENERAL VIEW.
5?
to the 4th of February.
When
appeared in the east it was without its tail. This appendage however became visible when the comet was in the
from the 17th of November,
it first
west.
1605—The
of the anabaptists, found on reWilliam Turner, Thomas Gould, Edward
Drinker, and several others were accused before the governor
and magistrates of the crime of " gathering themselves into the
form of a church, in opposition to the church of Christ established in the colony, and with intermeddling with those holy
appointments of the L.ord Jesus, which belong only to office
Several of these men were afterwards imprisoned and
trust."
cord,
was
first persecution
in 1665.
banished.
In this case, like all others, the severity against the
converts to it, and it was therefore thought expedient to desist from the persecution.
These were not the
first appearances of antipedo-baptism in the colony.
Mr. Dunstan, the president of the college joined that profession, and
was on that account expelled from his office. Mr. Chaney his
successor believed in the necessity of immersion.
In Mr.
Hooker's time it appeared that the doctrine was gaining ground,
and he expresses his belief that the converts to it would increase in number.
1666 In the course of this year the small-pox made its
appearance in the colony.
The commissioners, sent over this year by the king prevailed on some of the people of New-Hampshire to sign a petition
and complaint to his m'tjesty of the wrongs they had suffered
from Massachusetts in the usurpation of government, which
that state had exercised over them.
The inhabitants however,
of Dover, Portsmouth, and Exeter, assembled in their town
meetings, rejected this proposal and expressed their wish to be
continued as they had. been for many years, a part of Massachusetts colony.
1669 New-Hampshire had now remained in a quiet and
peaceable condition ever since the year 1641, and were heartily united in all their civil and religious concerns, with their
sister colony.
1675 In September of this year the Indians made their
first predatory incursion against New-Hampshire.
They attacked the plantations on Piscataqua river, now constituting
Durham, and here killed two men.
This species of hostility
continued till the year 1678, when a treaty was made with
Squando and other chiefs at Durham. (For particulars of this
sect
made new
—
—
—
war
see
1680
Durham.)
—This
year, a royal government was established in
New-Hampshire by commission from Charles 2d. The comS
,
�GENERAL VIEW
JiJ
mission arrived at Portsmouth on the first day of January.
John Cutts was appointed president for the first year, and Richard Martin, Willium Vaughn, Thomas Daniel of Portsmouth,
John Gihnan of Exttter, Christopher Husscy of Hampton, and
Richard Waldron of Dover, esquires, were appointed counselcode of laws was then established, the first of which
lors.
was of a character becoming freemen; and it provided, that " no
act, imposition or ordinance should be made or imposed upon them
but such as should be framed by the assembly, and approved by
The president, council, and asthe president and council."
sembly were constituted a supreme court of judicature.
jury was called whenever desired by the parties. Inferior
A
A
courts were established at Dover, Portsmouth, and Hampton.
The military arrangement consisted of one foot company in
each town, one company of artillery at the fort, and one troop
all under the command of major Waldron.
remarkable comet made its appearance in November of
this year, and disappeared sometime in the next February.
Another appeared in August and continued until September.
From June, 1680, to April, 1681, there were entered at
Portsmouth twenty-two ships, eighteen ketches, one shallop,
In 1682, there were eleven six-pounders at
and one fly-boat.
the fort, and five more at the upper part of Portsmouth, not
mounted, the property of private individuals.
From 1680, to 1685, Edward Cranfield was governor and
Walter Barefoot deputy governor.
1686 A general government was this year established by
James 2d, over the whole territory, called New-England, Joseph Dudley was made first president.
1687 Sir Edmund Androse was afterwards appointed gorernor of New- England, but he was for some reason apprehended at Boston, and sent home a state prisoner.
1689 New-Hampshire by a voluntary act became agai»
war with the
united to Massachusetts under the old charter.
French and Indians returned this year with all its horrors. On
This
the 27th of June, Dover was cut off and Waldron slain.
war continued until 1693.
1692 The delusion of witchcraft at this time overspread a
Large numbers were executed,
large part of New-England.
John Usher brought over the
and many were imprisoned.
commission of Samuel Allen as governor, and he officiated himself as lieutenant governor.
1699 Richard, Earl of Bellmont, governor of New- York
and Massachusetts, this year opened his commission in NewHampshire, under whom William Partridge acted as lieutenant governor.
of horse,
A
—
—
—
—
—
A
�GENERAL VIEW.
59
—
1700 New-Hampshire was required to furnish their quota
of force to assist in the defence of New- York, in case of an invasion.
This the people thought very unjust, as they had never received any assistance from that colony.
1701
In the course of this year Lord Bellmont died at NewYork, and Joseph Dudley was appointed governor.
1702* There were at this period, seven incorporated towns
in New- Hampshire, and four ordained ministers.
1703 Louis 14th, proclaimed the pretender king of Great
Britain, which circumstance rendered a war with France inevitable.
King William died early in this year and Queen Anne
succeeded him. The French and Indian war (commonly called
Queen Anne's war) now commenced in New-England. On the
10th of August a body of French and Indians, consisting
of five-hundred, separated themselves into several parties, attacked all the settlements from Cased to Wells, and either killed or captured 130 people.
On their march they burned and
ravaged every thing before them.
On the 17th of the same
month several people were killed at Hampton.
1704~This year Deerfield in Massachusetts was surprised
by the French and Indians, who there killed 40 or 50persons, and
took more than 100 prisoners.
On the 25th of April several
people were killed at Durham.
1705 There was in the course of this year a partial cessati#n of hostilities, and Queen Anne informed governor Dudley
that she was projecting an expedition against Canada.
The
governor and council thought it therefore a good season to negociate the exchange and redemption of prisoners.
The sumHtier was accordingly chiefly occupied in this business, and in repairing the fort on Great Island, and the line of pickets at
Portsmouth.
nightly parole was established along the shore
from Portsmouth to Hampton to prevent any surprise by sea,
as the coast was at this period infested by French privateers.
1706 In April of this year, the enemy appeared again in
New-Hampshire, extending their work of bloodshed and destruction to the towns of Durham, Dunstable, Kingston, Exeter, Dover, &c.
(See these towns in the Gazetteer.)
—
—
—
—
A
—
* The whole number of inhabitants in the American
mencement of this century was 262,000, viz.
Massachosetts,
Connecticut, Rhode-Island, -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
New-Hampshire,
N6w-York,
-
-
-
New-Jersey,
-
_
.
colonies,
the com-
at
70,000
30,000
Pennsylvania,
.
.
•
-
-
10,000
10,000
30,000
I5,00i
Virginia,
North Carolina,
South Carolina,
-
-
-
...
-
Maryland,
.
-
....
i
20,000
25,000
40,000
5,000
7,000
�GENERAL
60
"VreW.
—
170/ On the 15th of September of this year, the Indians
committed some depredations at Exeter, and on the ITth, several persons were killed at Durham.
1708 At this time a large army was prepared at Canada
and Ncw-H^mpshire
against the frontiers of New-England
A troop under
was put in the best possible state of defence.
the command of Capt. Coffin, patrokd from Kingston to CoNo
checho, and scouts were continu dly kept on the lookout.
important occurrence however touk place.
1/09 This year several persons were killed at Oyster river,
Exeter, &c. (which see.) General Nicholson marched against
the French and Indians as far as to a place called Wood Creek,
but obtaining no assistance from England, and his men not being paid, for the two former years, his whole army was disbanded.
1710 An expedition (to which New-Hampshire contributed
100 men, under Col. Shadrach) was sent against Port-Royal.
This place surrendered October 5ih, and was afterwards called
Annapolis.
Col. Winthrop Hilton was this year killed in that
Some other perpart of Exeter, which is now called Epping.
sons were killed in Exeter, Dover, and Kingston.
—
;
—
—
1711
— The depredations of the Indians increased
in audacity
and violence. Another expedition was prepared against CanaEight transports were this year wrecked on
da, which failed.
Egg Island, in the river St. Lawrence, and a thousand people
perished.
—
1712 This year was remarkable for accumulated cruelties
from the Indians. Many people were killed at Dover, Durham, Kingston, &c.
1713 Peace was now made between the colonies and the Indians, and ratified by their chiefs at Portsmouth, on the 15th
Queen Anne died and George 1st was crowned.
of July.
Daring thfse Indian hostilities, which were called King Phillip's
war, and which continued from 1675 to 1714, Massachusetts
vv-Hampshire lost 6000 young men and male children,
and
including the killed and those who were made captive, without
—
N
ever being recovered.
1714 -Governor Dudley was removed, and colonel Burgess
appointed in his place.
1715 Governoi Burgess sold his commission, and Col. Samuel Shute was appointed his successor over both provinces.
1717 -A dispute happened between the governor and his
council as to the best mode of defence against the French and
Incti ms.
Tne greatest snow ever known in New-England fell in the
latter part of April of this year.
It was so deep, that people
—
—
—
�GEISERAL VIEW.
<vrere
<51
obliged to walk from their chamber windows.
It
was
said to be eight feet on a level, and has ever since been called
the ^reat snow.
1722
governor and
— John Wentworth was appointed against the
A declaration of war
mander
in chief.
all
com-
hostile
tribes of Indians was published at Portsmouth and Boston, and a
bounty of 100/. was offered for every Indian scalp. This, whidh
was called Lovell's war, was bloody and distressing, and continued until December 15th, 1725, at which time articles of
peace were signed at Falmouth.
1726 From this date, New-England enjoyed a long and
prosperous peace. Massachusetts granted to certain persons
Pennacook, now called Concord.
1727 This example was followed by New-Hampshire, and
grants were made of Epsom, Chichester, Barnstead, Canterbury, Gilmanton, and Bow.
This year was remarkable for a violent and extensive earthquake which commenced on the 29th of October, A.M. It
was announced by a loud and alarming noise this increased
until the shaking began, which continued about three minutes.
Cellar walls were broken in, and chimneys were thrown down,
but no houses were destroyed. Smaller shocks were felt for
several months afterward.
On the 10th of June, George 1st died, and on the 27th,
George 2d was proclaimed,
1728 William Burnet was appointed governor of Massachusetts and New-Hampshire, and he was succeeded by Mr.
—
—
;
—
Belcher.
—
1734 On this year New-Hampshire was erected into a separate government.
Boundary lines were run and established,
but all disputes on this subject were not finally adjusted un;
1741.
til
1735
— During
this
year New-England was visited by a de-
and very extensive epidemic,
called the throat-distemthroat swelled, white or ash coloured specks appeared in the fauces, and an efflorescence on the skin, accompanied by a general debility and a strong tendency to putridity.
structive
per.
The
ravages commenced in May, 1735, at Kingston, N. HJ
In the;
first victim was a child, who died in three days.
course of a week it appeared at a place four miles distant,
where three children died on the third day.
Of the first forty
who were seized net one recovered. At Exeter it destroyed
114 persons; at Hampton Falls 20 families buried all their
Its
The
children.
In the province of
ftfteen
towns,
it
New-Hampshire alone, which had only
carried off 1000 people, of whom 900 were un-
�GENERAL
<52
VIEVV^.
der the age of 21.
The same disorder has made its appearance in this state at several subsequent periods. (For particulars sec the towns.)
—
1741
Benning Wentworth was appointe'd governor of the
province.
There was no lieutenant governor for a period of
twenty-five years.
About this time an extraordinary religious conversion took
place in the province, which was for the most part, owing t»
the arrival of the Rev. George Whitefield, and other celebrated,
pulpit orators.
1745 On the 17th of May of this year Louisburg was taken.
This was a severe loss to the French and inflamed them to obtain
retribution.
The amount of New-Hampshire troops engaged
in this expedition was about 500 men.
In July the Indians
made their appearance at Fort Dummer, and at the great
meadows near Westmoreland. (See Hinsdale.)
1755 Hostilities continued and New-Hampshire raised 500
men under Col. Joseph Blanchard for an expedition against
Crown Point. This regiment was stationed at Fort Edwards,
and on the eighth of September, it was attacked by a body of
French regulars. The enemy was beaten off with severe loss,
and on their retreat they were met by Capt. Nathaniel Folsom,
who had been on a scouting expedition, and was nov.^ returning.
Capt. Folsom stationed his men among the trees and kept up a
well directed fire until night, at which time the enemy retired
with loss, and Folsom returned to the camp.
short time after
this, another regiment was raised in New-Hampshire, and put
under the command of Capt. Peter Oilman of Exeter. These
men were as active and persevering as their brethren, although
they had not such favourable opportunities of exhibiting their
•ourage. The expedition was given up and late in the fall the
soldiers were disbanded and sent home.
These designs against
Crown Point incited the Indians to new projects of depredations on the frontier of New-Hampshire.
This year was memorable also for an earthquake, which happened on the eighteenth day of November, about four in the
morning. Smaller shocks were felt for about a fortnight after.
The soldiers of New- Hampshire were so well qualified for
every service which required alertness, and so familiarized
to fatigue and danger, that, by the express desire of lord
Loudon, three ranging companies were formed of them, who
continued in service throughout winter and summer. The command of them was given to Robert Rogers, John Stark, and
William Stark.
1757 Another expedition against Cro^vn Point was planned
by lord Loudon, and New-Hampshire on this occasion raised
—
,
—
A
—
�GENERAL VIEW
6
two regiments, under Cols. Meserve and GofF. The latter regiment was captured at Fort William, and eighty of the men
were massacred by the Indians. A reinforcement of 250 soldiers was raised, and entrusted to major Thomas Tash, who
was stationed at No. 4, (now called Charlestown.)
1758 Another unsuccessful campaign marked this year.
The frontiers of the province were severely harassed by the InNew-Hampshire made a new contribution of 1000
dians.
—
men towards
the reduction of Crown Point, Ticonderoga, &c.
This force was entrusted to Col.Zaccheus Lovell, son ofthfcelebrated partisan who was killed at Pigwacket. The victories
of this year were splendid indeed, Niagai'a, Ticonderoga,
Crown Point, and Quebec surrendered to the English.
1760 This year New-Hampshire raised 800 men and placed them under the command of Col. John Goff.* This regiment marched to Montreal, where they were reinforced by Col.
Haviland. With this year the war ended, and George 3d was
now proclaimed king.
1761 The ability which the American colonies had displayed throughout the war, inspired the British parliament
with a spirit of jealousy against them, which discovered itself
before the declaration of peace. This year and the year after were remarkable for severe droughts.
John Temple- was
appointed lieutenant governor but nerer officiated. About 60
townships were laid out during this and the last year, some oh
the cast and some on the west side of the Connecticut ri^er.
1763 From this year may be dated the flourishing condition of New- Hampshire.
Population and cultivation progressed with unprecedented rapidity.
1765 The stamp-act which passed this year, roused t'ae
indignation of New-England.
Every method was used to inform and excite the people on this subject. At Portsmouth
coffin was carried about, on the lid
the bells were tolled.
of which was inscribed " Liberty aged 145."
procession
was formed and moved with muffled drums, minute guns were
fired, and an oration pronounced at the grave.
The coffin
was afterwards taken up, signs of life were discovered in
the corps.
The inscription "liberty revived" was substituted,
the bells struck a cheerful peal, and joy reillumined every
countenance ; the whole was conducted with decency and or-
—
—
—
—
A
A
der.
—
1766 The obnoxious act was repealed on the 19th of March
of this year, but such was the infatuation of the parliament,
and the chagrin of the authors of the act, that they framed
*
The
population of New-Hampshire was at this time 34,000.
�GENERAL
64
VITAV.
another, imposing heavier duties on trade, under the specious
pretence of raising a revenue for the support of the provin-
governments.
1767 John Wentworth was appointed deputy governor of
N<w- Hampshire, and surveyor of the king's forests in North
America.
The act above alluded to was a duty on paper, glass, tea,
and painters' colours. A board of commissioners and a court
of a'Jmiralty were also established vith unlimited powers. The
colonies were unanimous in jtheir opposition to the revenue
act, ind they employed every expedient to interrupt the royal
Three of the
officets in the execution of their business.
commissioners escaped from the populace with the hazard of
their lives, and others sought refuge in the forts.
1770 Authentic information was received, that the revenue
act was so far repealed, as to take off all the obnoxious duThis gave
ties tixcept that of three pence per pound on tea.
no sqtisfaction to the colonies they considered the principle
Oa
of that small tax as dangerous as that of a larger one.
The
the 5|h of March the work of bloodshed commenced.
king's soldiers stationed in Boston fired upon the inhabitants,
killed three and wounded five more.
Governor Benning Wentworth died and was succeed1771
ed by his nephew John Wentworth.
1^74 General Gage arrived at Boston with a large force
of British troops, and the town of Boston was blockaded.
The general assembly of New-Hampshire, at their meeting in
the spripg, in conformity to the example of similar bodies in the
other colonies, appointed a committee of correspondence, and
transmitted letters to all towns in the province, requesting them
to send deputies to a general convention at Exeter, where delEighty-five
egates were to be chosen for a general congress.
deputies assembled at Exeter, where they chose Nathaniel Folsom and John Sullivan, esquires, to attend the proposed congress to be holden the next September at Philadelphia.
An order having been passed by the king in council prohibiting the exportation to America of gun-powder and other military stores, a copy of it was brought by express to Portsmouth
a* the moment when a ship was daily expected from Boston
with a party of troops to take possession of Fort William and
Mary at the entrance of the harbour. The committee of
Portsmouth, with all possible despatch, collected a company
from that and the neighbouring towns, and before the governor
had any suspicirtn of their intentions they proceeded to Newcastle and attacked the fort.
The whole garrison (consisting
of five men besides the Capt.) were captured, and one hundred
cial
—
—
;
—
—
�GENERAL VIEW.
65
gunpowder were carried
off.
Another party reof the lightest cannon and all the small arms, beMaj. John Sullivan and C -pt.
sides some military stores.
John Langdcn signalized themselves as the leaders of this affair.
The next day the Scarborough frigate and Cansean
sloop of war, with several companies of soldiers, took possession
of the fort and of the heavy cannon which had not been re-
barrels of
moved
fifteen
moved.
—
1775 On the 25th of January a second convention of depuassembled at Exeter to consult on the existing affairs, and
ties
to appoint delegates to the
nt- xt general congress to be
held at
Philadelphia on the 18th of May.
Maj. Sullivan and Capt.
Langdon were chosen.
At this time every thing bore the appearance of war, but
no actual blow was struck until the 19th of April.
On this
memorable day an armed British force marched from Boston
Meeting here with some hostile treatment from
to Lexington.
a few Americans in arms, they unsheathed the sword and shed
the first blood of the revolutionary contest.
On the alarm of
this event, the people of New-Hampshire flew to arms, and to
party of Americans atthe assistance of their brethren.
tacked a battery on Jersey's Point on Great Island and carried
off eight pieces of cannon, some of which were twenty-four
and others thirty-two pounders, all which they brought to Ports*
mouth. Governor Wentworth finding his authority disregarded and his person insulted, retired to the fort.
On the second meeting of the assembly he sent a message to
them and adjourned them to the 28th of September ; they
A
however never met
after that.
He
remained
in the fort
under
the protection of the Scarborough and another ship of war until all the cannon were taken on board : he then sailed for BosIn September he stationed himself on the Isle of Shoals,
ton.
and at that place issued a proclamation adjourning the ass'cmThis was the last act of his adminisbly to the next April.
tration and his last visit to the province.
Thus terminated the
British government in New-Hampshire where it had existed
ninety-five years.
On the first alarm of hostilities about twelve hundred men
marched from the adjacent parts of New-Hampshire to the assistance of their fellow citizens near Boston, who had already
taken arms.
pcjrt
of this number returned immediately,
the remainder formed themselves into two regiments under
the authority of the Massachusetts convention.
On the first
meeting of the Provincial Assembly of New-Ham.pshire, it was
voted to raise and equip two thousand men, to be formed into
three regiments, which were to be under the command of col9
A
�GENERAL VIEW.
66
John Stark, James Read, and John Poor. The two forpresent at the memorable battle of Bunker Hill,
where they were posted on the left behind a fence here they
sorely galled the advancing bodies of the British, and cut down
whole ranks of them. In their retreat they lost several of the
number, among whom was the gallant Maj. Andrew M'Clary,
who was killed by a cannon shot after he had passed the isthonels,
mer were
;
mus of Charlestown. After this time brigadier-general Sullivan
Forts were soon
commanded the New-Hampshire troops.
erected on the points of two islands which form a narrow chanOne of
two miles below the town of Portsmouth.
these was called Fort Sullivan and the other Fort Washington.
company of artillery was stationed on duty here, and a
company of rangers was posted on Connecticut river. Besides these two companies more were raised to be under the
immediate orders of the committee of safety. The whole militia of the state was divided into two regiments ; the field officers were to be appointed by the convention, and the inferior
officers to be elected by the companies ; out of the militia
were selected lour regiments of minute men who were constantly trained to military duty.
In the next winter when the Connecticut regiments withdrew
from the camp, their term of service having expired, six companies, each containing 61 men, were sent to supply their place
until the British evacuated Boston.
temporary government was established in New1776
Hampshire, to continue during the war, consisting of a house
of representatives and a council of twelve, with the addition of
an executive committee to act in the recess of the legislaThe number of this committee varied from six to sixteen.
ture.
The president of the council was also president of the execuTo this office was cajjed the Hon. Meshech
tive committee.
Weare, a man of experience, talents, and fidelity. He was alSo unbounded
so appointed chief justice of the superior court*
was the public confidence in this gentleman that no hesitation
was felt to invest him at once with all authority, legislative, execnel about
A
—A
and judicial, in which he was continued by-annual elecFor the service of this year two
throughout the war.
thousand men were raised and organized under the officers
of the preceding year. Three hundred men were stationed in
the forts ; and supplies of fire arms and ammunition were
regiment was raissent to the western parts of the state.
ed in that quarter and placed under the command of colonel
Timothy Bedel, with orders to be prepared for a march to
Canada. These three regiments marched with Gen. Washington to New- York, thence they were ordered up the Hudson
utive,
tions
A
�GENERAL VIEW.
67
and down the lakes into Canada, under the command of
(ien. Sullivan, who met at the mouth of the river Sort! the
American army retreating from Quebec. Here Gen. Sullivan
took the command of the whole, and finding the retreat unavoidable on account of the small-pox among the New-Hamp^
he conducted this movement with great skill and
shire troops
prudence.
Not only the small-pox but the dysentary, and putrid fever raged among our troops, and it was computed that
out of the New-Hampshire regiments nearly one third were carried off this year by sickness.
When all apprehensions of an
attack on Ticonderoga were over for the season, the surviving
part of the New- Hampshire troops marched by the way of the
Minisinks into Pennsylvania, where they aided Gen. Washington in the glorious capture of the Hessians at Trenton, and
were also with him at the victorious battle of Princeton.
1777 Over the army which was raised this year the officers
were appointed by congress, and the men were enlisted for
that term or during three years.
The New-Hampshire
regiments were commanded by colonels Joseph Cilley, Nathan
Hale, and Alexander Scammel.
These troops were supplied
with new French arms, and their rendezvous was appointed at
Ticonderoga. The whole body was to be under the immediate command of Brig. Gen. Poor.
They remained at Ticonderoga until the approach of the British army under Gen. Burgoyne rendered it expedient to abandon the post. Col. Hale's
regiment was ordered to cover the rear of the invalids, on
which account he was several miles behind the main body.
The next morning after the march commenced, he was attacked by an advanced part of the enemy at Hubbardston.
In
this engagement major Titcomb was wounded
Col.Hale, captains Robertson, Carr, and Norris, and adjutant Elliot with
some other officers, and about 100 men were made prisoners.
The main army continued their retreat to Saratoga.
At Fort
Ann they had a skirmish with the enemy, in which captain
Weare was mortally wounded.
When the intelligence of this
retreat reached New-Hampshire, the assembly had finished
their spring session and had separated.
An immediate summons from the executive committee reassembled them, and in a
short sitting of three days they organized the most effectual
means for common defence. They formed the militia of the
state into two brigades, the first of which they entrusted to the
command of William Whipple, and the second ta John Stark.
One fourth part of Stark''s brigade and one fourth of three
regiments of the other brigade, were immediately despatched
under the command of Stark, to arrest the progress of the enemy against our western frontiers.
;
—
;
�"
GENKllAI- VIEW.
68
of the militia were instructed to take away the
those persons who scrupled or declined assisting in
And a day oi public fasting and
the defence of the country.
The
officers
arms of
.til
prayer wis appointed which was observed with devotion and
solemnity.
The above mentioned appointment of Stark with the pay of
a brigadier-general in the continental armv wus peculiarly satisfictory to the public and not unpleasant to his own feelings.
In the arrangement of the general officers the preceding year, a
junior officer had been promoted while Stark was neglected.
He had written to congress on the sut)j;xt, but his letters were
He therefore left the army and
suffered to lie on the table.
returned home, he was now by the unanimous voice of his fellow citizms, invested with a separate and honourable command,
and the orders he receiv^-'d were these, " to repair to Charleston on Connecticut riv-r, there to consult with a committee of
the New-Hampsliire grams, (now Vermont) and to act in conjunction with, the troops of that new state or any other of the
states, or of the United States, or separately, as it should appear to him most expedient for the protection of the people and
In a few days he proceeded to
the annoyance of the enemy."
Charleston, and as soon as his men arrived, he sent them forward to join the forces of the new state, under Col. Warner,
who had stationed himself at Manchester, twenty miles north
At this place Stark joined him, and here he
of Bennington.
met Gen. Lincoln, who had been despatched from Stillwater by
Gen. Schuyler (commander of the northern department) to
conduct the militia to the west side of the Hudson river. Stark
informed him of his orders and of the dangers which the peoHe further observed, that he
ple of the grants apprehended.
had consulted with the committee, and that if he (Stark) joined
the continental army and left them exposed, the people were
resolved to retire to the east side of Connecticut river and thus
He therefore expressed kis
leave New-H.impshire a frontier.
dtt- rmmation to remain on the enemy's flank, and watch his
H:' accord ngly mustered his forces at Bennington
motions.
uichester.
report of this deterand Itft Co;. W.rn.r it
The orders, upon
mination w s tr.insmitted to Congress.
which it was found-rd, were there disapproved, but the wisdom
of them was Jtiestrd by subsequent events.
Gen. Burgoyne, with the main body of the British army, was
now at Fort Edward. From that station he despatched Lieut.
C')l. Bum, with about 1500 of his G.;rm »n troops and 100 Indians to spread themselves over the Grants as far as Connecticut river, with orders to collect horses and cattle for the
use of the army and to return immediately with their booty.
I
M
A
�GENERAL VIEW.
69
The Indians, who preceded this attachment, were discoverStark despatched Col.
ed about 12 miles from Bennington.
Gregg with a body of 200 to arrest their progress. On the
evening of that day he was informed, that a body of regular
troops with a train of artillery was in full march for BenningThe next morning he advanced with his whole brigade
ton.
and some militia from the Grants, to the support of Gregg, who
found, himself unable to cope with the superior force of the enemy. Having marched about a mile, he met Gregg retreating
and the main body of the enemy within a mile of his rear.
On discovering the approach of Stark's column, Gregg halted
on an advantageous position and drew up hjs men in full view
on the eminence, but could not bring them to an engagement.
He then fell back about a mile and encamped, leaving a small
party to skirmish with the advance, who killed thirty of the enemy besides two of the Indian chiefs.
The next day was rainy. Stark kept his position and sent
Many of the Indians improvout parties to harass the enemy.
ed this opportunity to desert, declaring that the woods were full
of Yankees. On the following morning Stark was reinforced
by a militia company from the Grants, and by another from the
county of Berkshire in Massachusetts. This raised his force
He despatched Col.Nichols with 250 men to the
to 1600 men.
rear of the enemy's left wing ; and Col. Hendrick with 300 to
the rear of their right ; and stationed 300 to oppose their front
and keep them in play. Then ordering colonels Hubbard and
Stickney with 200 men to attack their right wing, and 100
more to reinforce Nichols in the n^ar of their left the attack
commenced on that point precisely at three o'clock in the afterIt was immediately followed up by the other detachnoon.
ments, Stark himself advancing with the main body. The engagement continued two hours, by which time he had forced the
enemy's line and breast-works, taken two pieces of brass cannon and a number of prisoners, and had compelled the remnant
to retreat.
Just at this moment he was informed that another
body of the enemy was within two miles of him. This was a
reinforcement for which Baum had sent when he first knew
the amount of the force he was to oppose.
It was commanded by Col. Breyman. Fortunately Warner's regiment from
Manchester met them and arrested their march. Stark rallied
and renewed the action and it was warm and desperate. He
employed with great effect the cannon he had captured, and
at sunset compelled the enemy to retreat.
H^ pursued them
until night, at which time he halted to prevent his men from
injuring each other in the dark.
Stark took in this action two
pther piedes of cannon, together with all the enemy's baggage,
;
�GENERAL VIEW.
70
waggons, and horses, and found that they had left on the field
226 dead. Their commander Baum was taken prisoner, and
soon after died of his wounds. Besides him 33 officers, and
more than 700 privates were taken. Out of Stark's brigade
four officers and ten privates were killed and 42 wounded.
In the account of this battle which Stark transmitted to the
Nt w-Hampshire committee he said, " our people behaved with
the greatest spirit and bravery imaginable, and had every man
been an Alexander or a Charles of Sweden, they could not have
behaved better." Congress heard of this victory only from
common report. After waiting sometime in expectation of
letters, inquiry was made why Stark had not written to congress as well as to his own state.
He answered that his cor*
respondence with them had closed as they had not attended to his last letters. They immediately took the hint, and
although they had but a few days before resolved, that the instructions under which he had acted were destructive of military subordination, yet they presented their thanks to him and to
the officers and troops under his command and promoted him
The
to the rank of brigadier-general in the continental army.
northern army was now reinforced by the militia of the neighbouring states. Brig. Gen. Whipple marched with most of his
brigade, in addition to which, volunteers in abundance flocked
Two desperate battles were
to the army under general Gates.
fought, one at Stillwater and the other at Saratoga, in both of
which, the troops from New-Hampshire had a large share of
the honour gained by the American army.
In the former action two lieutenant-colonels, Adams and Colburn, and lieutenant
Thomas were among the slain and in the latter, lieutenant-colonel Conner and lieutenant M'Clary were killed with a
great number of their men.
The consequence of these repeated victories was the surrender of Burgoyne's army. After this
great object was attained, the New-Hampshire regiments
performed a march of forty miles and forded the Mohawk rivThe object
er below the falls, in the space of fourteen hours.
of this rapid movement was to arrest the progress of a British
detachment under general Clinton, who threatened Albany with
the same devastation which he had extended over the counj
try below, but hearing the fate of
etly
to
Burgoyne he returned qui-
New- York.
The American army
then marched into Pennsylvania and
huts at Valley Forge.
In addition to
those officers from New-Hampshire, who were killed at the
passed the winter
in
northward, we lost also Maj. Edward Sherburn, who was slain
After the
in a daring but unsuccessful action at Germanton.
capture of Burgoyne, all danger of a Canadian invasion ceased,
�GENERAL VIEW.
71
and the theatre of war was removed to the southward. The
troops from New-Hampshire now formed into a distinct brigade, had their full share of the common dangers and sufferings of the army.
At the battle of Monmouth, a part of them
were closely engaged under the command of colonel Cilley and
lieutenant-colonel Dearborn, and they behaved in such a manner, as to merit the commendation of the illustrious WashingThey continued with the main army all that spring, and
ton.
were stationed at Reading during the ensuing winter.
In the summer of 1778, when the French fleet appeared on
our coast, with the intention to aid us in our struggles with
Great Britain, an invasion of Rhode Island, then in possession
of the British was projected, and general Sullivan was appointed to conduct it. Detachments of militia and volunteers irovti
Massachusetts and New-Hampshire formed a part of his troops:
but a violent storm having prevented the co-operation of the
French and driven them to sea, the army, after a few skirmishes, were under the mortifying necessity of quitting the IslThe retreat was conducted by general Sullivan with
and.
great skill and prudence.
1779 An expedition into the Indian country being determined on, general Sullivan was appointed to the command, and
the New-Hampshire brigade made part of his forces.
His
rout was up tjbe Susquehanna in the country of the Seneca's, a
track imperfectly known, and into which no troops had ever penThe order of his march was planned with great
etrated.
judgment and executed with much regularity and perseverance.
In several engagements wifeh the savages, the troops from NewHampshire behaved with a characteristic intrepidity. The provisions of the detachment falling short before the object of the
expedition was cowipleted, the troops generously consented to
subsist on such food, as could be found in the Indian counAfter their return, they were re-united to the main artry.
my and passed a third winter in huts at Newtown in Connecti-
—
cut.
On
the close of this year Sullivan resigned his
command
and retired.
1780 This year the New-Hampshire troops were stationed
at the important post of West-Point, and afterwards marched
into New- Jersey, where general Poor died.
Three of its regiments were employed in the service of this year. The fourth
winter was passed in cantonments of huts at a place called
Soldier's Fortune near Hudson river.
At the close of the year
the New-Hampshire force was reduced to two regiments and
were commanded by colonels Scammel and Reid. It was on
the 21st of September this year, that the treason and desertioa
—
�GENERAL VIEW.
7'2
of Arnold were discovered, which event was followed by the
capture and execution of major Andre, the British spy.
1781
This year a part of our troops remained at NewYork, and the other division marched to Virginia and were
It was at this time, that
present at the defeat of Cornwallis.
the brave and enterprising colonel Scammcllost his life.
1782 During the winter of this year the first New-Hampshire regiment, commanded by lieutenant-colonel Dearborn,
was quartered at Saratoga, and the second, on the Mohawk
river.
They kept these stations until the close of the ensuing
year, at which time the approaches of peace began to relax
In the course of a few months, the
tTie opf-rations of war.
—
—
negociations resulted in a treaty, and
we were acknowledged
" free and independent states" from that throne, which had till
then pronounced us " revolted su!>jects."
The America, a seventy-four gun ship, built at Portsmouth,
by order of congress, was launched on the 5th of November
of this year.
This was the first line of battle ship ever built in
this country.
It was presented to the king of France.
1783 On the 31st of October of this year the civil constitution of New-Hampshire went into operation and continued until 1792.
small shock of an earthquake was felt on the 29th
—
A
of November.
— Meshech Weare was
1784
1 785
elected president of this state.
president.
During this year
for redress of the paper money
—John Langdon was chosen
there was much popular clamour
grievances.
—
1786 John Sullivan was made president.
This year was
rendered memorable by an insurrection in New-Hampshire, the
object of which was (says Belknap) to force the legislature into a
paper money system. On the 20th of S-*ptember, about 200
mc;n equipped in various modes, surrounded the general court
then convened at Ex: ter, and held that honourable body prisoners sevf ral hours.
But the citizens of the towns immediately
ros^ in arms and crushed the insurrection in its birth.
1787 President Sullivan continued in offi-e. The tumult of
insurrection was not confined to New-Hampshire.
It appeared
in I'older forms in several of the neighbouring states.
It was ascert;iined, th:it the existing Confederacy was insufficient.
deleguou therefore from the several states, comprising much
learning, talents, and virtue, convened at Philadelphia for the
purpose of framing a federal constitution.
This convention appointed general Washington as their president, and after four
months uninterrupted attention to the subject,during which period
all the jarring interests of the states were thoroughly canvassed,
they voted to recommend a plan of federal government to the
—
A
�GENERAL VIEW.
73
The delegates from New-Hampshire were John Langdon and Nicholas Oilman.
1788 The new constitution was published and offered to the
It was adopted in
several states for their formal acceptance.
New-Hampshire June the 21sE of this year, by the general court
States.
—
Concord.
1789 General Washington was elected president of the
United States, and John Sullivan president of New-Hampat
—
dhire.
1790
Bartlett
—Josiah the U.
of
The revenue
was chosen president of this state.
was ^4,77/',120, and the
S. for this year
expenditure ^3,797,436.
1791 Josiah Bartlett was chosen governor under the
new
—
Piscat1794—John Taylor Gilman was elected governor,
year.
aqua bridge was
1795 — John Taylor Gilman was again elected governor, and
1805.
by annual election
continued
1797— John Adams was chosen president of the United
and Thomas Jefferson vice president. The exports
constitution.
built this
until
in office
States,
of the United States now amounted to S5 7,000,000, and the
revenue of the post-office amounted to S46,000. The mails
of the United States are carried over 1,430,085 miles, in which
space there are upwards of four hundred post-offices.
1798 This year congress passed an act authorizing the
president to raise and equip a provisional army, and an act
more effectually to protect the commerce and coasts of the
United States against French depredations.
1799 Thomas Truxton commander of the U. S. Frigate
The
Constellation captured the French Frigate Insurgent.
whole American navy consisted at this time of forty-two vessels carrying 950 guns.
1800 The cow-pox was introduced into America this year.
There were now belonging to Portsmouth 28 ships, 47 brigs,
10 schooners, and 2 sloops employed in foreign commerce. Of
the above vessels 17 of the largest were built in the course of
There were also twenty coasters, and more than
this year.
that number of fishing vessels.
1801 Thomas Jefferson was elected president of the United
The exports of the
States, and Aaron Burr vice-president.
United States amounted this year to more than ninety millions
'^
of dollars.
1802 Merino sTieep Were introduced into this country byfire broke out in Portsmouth and
Col. David Humphreys.
destroyed about one hundred buildings*
—
—
—
—
—
A
le
�GENERAL VIEW.
74
1803— The Middlesex canal by which the waters of the Merrimack are carried to Charlestown was completed this year.
1805 John Langdon was chosen governor of this state.
Thomas Jefferson president of the United States, and George
—
Clinton vice-president.
1806 June 16th of this year was
—
made memorable by the
which probably ever happened.
To many parts of New-England the sun was totally obscured
The scene was at once beautiful and subfor several minutes.
lime, and yet not to be contemplated without a feeling of dread.
The sky was unusually serene, not a leaf was in motion. Immediately before the extreme darkness all nature seemed vergThe animals felt the change
ing to a state of gloomy repose.
But as the obscuraand hastened to their nocturnal retreats.
most remarkable solar
eclipse
tion gradually left the sun, the quick reanimation of every thing
was proportionably delightful,
—
1807 Bonaparte, by one of his decrees, pronounced every
neutral vessel denationalized and liable to capture, which had
submitted to be searched by an English cruiser or had touched
This was a prelude to the late war.
at an English port.
Great Britain soon issued her orders, condemning to seizure all
our vessels bound to any of the continental ports except
those of Sweden.
—
—
808 This year was the era of the general embargo.
1809 Jeremiah Smith elected governor This year the embargo was removed.
1810 John Langdon elected governor. On the 22d of November was issued the United States* proclamation interdicting
commercial intercourse with Great Britain.
Congress
1812 William Plumer was elected governor.
voted to organize for the useof the government 100,000 militia,
and apportioned the quota of each state.
On the 18th of June of this year war was declared by the
On the 1st of July the
United States with Great Britain.
on the 8th of that month Sandwich
double duty bill passed
m Upper Canada was taken by general Hull. On the 16th general Hull surrendered the American army to the British general
Brock.
On the 1 9th of August the British frigate Guerriere was sunk
by the United States' frigate Constitution under commodore
1
—
—
—
;
—
kHuII.
On the 1 7th of October the United States' sloop of war Wasp
captured the Frolic, and both of them were taken by the English seventy-four, Poictiers.
On the 25th of October the British frigate Macedonian surrendered to the American frigate United States.
�GENERAL VIEW.
76
On the 29th of December the British frigate Java was destroyed by the United States' ship Constitution.
1813— John Taylor Oilman was elected governor of this state.
On the 22d of January general Winchester surrendered to
the British general Proctor at Frenchtown.
On the 13th of February the British sloop of war Peacock
was destroyed by the American sloop Hornet.
On the 27th of April, York in Upper Canada waa taken by
our troops, and general Pike killed.
On the 1st of June the United States' frigate Chesapeake was
taken bv the Shannon, and captain Lawrence was mortally
wounded.
On the 1st of August the British were defeated at Lower
Sandusky by general Harrison.
On the 5th of September the British brig Boxer was captured
by the United States' brig Enterprise. Botli commanders were
killed and were buried at Portland with the honours of war.
On the 10th the whole British fleet on Lake Erie was captured by commodore O. H. Perry.
On the 27th general Harrison's army took possession of
Maiden.
On
the 11th of
November
a division of general Wilkinson's
army, under generals Boyd and Covington attacked the British
General Covington was mortally wounded,
at Williamsburgh.
and the American troops recrossed the St. Lawrence, and went
into winter quarters at French Mills.
On the 22d of December of this year there was another extensive fire at Portsmouth.
1814— On the 22d of March 1200 men under colonel Clark
marched from Vermont, took a piquet guard and returned to
Burlington.
On the 1st of September the British took possession of CasOn the 11th the whole British fleet on Lake Champlain
tine.
was captured by the American commodore M'Donough. On
the same day the British array under general Prevost was defeated with great slaughter at Plattsburgh.
On the 1st of October the U. S. ship Washington of 74*guns
was launched at Portsmouth.
On the 24th the British ship
James, prize to the American privateer Portsmouth arrived at
Portsmouth. The invoice of her cargo in England was one
hundred thousand pounds sterling.
At this time about 3000 drafted militia were stationed at
Portsmouth for the protection of the town and harbour. The
commander in chief Gov. Oilman, took his quarters there in
person.
�GENERAL VIEW.
re
On the
27th of November, a severe shock of an earthquake
about 7 o*clock in the evening.
In December of this year a direct tax of S6,000,000 was imposed by congress, of which !S 193,586 was apportioned to New-
was
felt
Hampshire.
The
spotted fever at this time raged very extensively in ma-
ny parts of the
—
About 400 soldiers had enlisted in this
February and had joined the western army.
state.
state since the last
1815 Jan. 15th. The U. S. frigate President was captured
by a division of the British fleet.
On the 9th of this month a decisive victory was obtained at
New-Orleans by the American troops under general Jackson.
The British lost 700 men killed and 1400 wounded, and 600prisoners.
Gen. Packenham their commander was killed, and two
The loss on our side
other generals were mortally wounded.
was only 8 killed and 9 wounded.
On the 18th of February the treaty of peace was ratified by the
U. S. senate and signed by the president. It was published at
Portsmouth on the morning of the 23d.
On the 27th of June a boat arrived at Concord, New-Hampshire, from Boston by the way of Middlesex canal in three and a
To the enterprise and perseverance of John L. Sullihalf days.
van, Esq. is New-Hampshire indebted for the great and permanent benefits, which must arise from the unobstructed navigation
of the Merrimack.
During the revolutionary war New-Hampshire furnished
about 14,000 men, 4000 of whom perished either in battle, or by
Of the amount of troops supplied by this state in the
sickness.
late war, or of the number lost, no correct estimate has yet been
made.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
PART
A
II.
TOPOGBAPHICAI. DeSCKIFTION OF lACH COUITTT, ToWN, OK ToWNSHIP, ANW liOState and also of its Lakes, Rivers, Ponds, and Mountains,
t^ATiow IN THE
;
together with many other subjects of useful and simitak detail
Alphabetically arhangxd.
AcwoRTH, a post-township
of Cheshire county, bounded
on the N. by Unity, E. by
Lempster, S. by Alstead and
Marlow, W. by Charleston and
Langdon, containing 24,846 aIt was incorporated in
cres.
1776, and has 1523 inhabitants.
Cold-pond, extending about a
mile on the line of Unity, from
60 to 100 rods in width, and
MitcheWs pond, 120 rods long
and 80 wide, are its only ponds
Cold river takes its
of note.
Tise and name from one of the
above mentioned pools
in
N.E. corner of this town.
the
Ac-
worth has two religious societies ; 1 meeting-house for the
—
alii
Charleston turnpike road
Acworth
passes through here.
is 73 miles N. W. by W. from
pel.
Portsmouth.
Adams, a township of Coos
county, situated on the E. side
of the White Mountains ;
bounded N. by unlocated lands,
E. by Chatham, S. by Bartlett,
and W. by said mountains, containing 31,968 acres of land and
In 1800, its population
in 1810, 250 souls.
Two branches of Ellis' river
pass through this town, coming
from the N. and uniting on its
S. border near Spruce mounwater.
was I80,and
tain so called.
Mountain-pond
congregational order, 1 grainmill, 5 saw-mills, 2 mills for
dressing cloth, 2 carding machines, and 1 trading Itore.
brook crosses the S. E. corner
of Adams, taking its rise from
a pool in Chatham, and falling
into Saco river in the town of
Rev. Thomas Archibald
Bartlett.
was
settled in the ministry here in
1789.
Rev. Phinehas Cook
is
the present minister of the gos-
Black, Boldface, and
its three
It has 1
elevations of note.
grain and 2 saw-mills.
Thorn mountains are
�78
GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHffiE.
Alexandria, a township of
Grafton county, incorporated
in 1782, and containing 409 inJhabitants, is bounded on the
N. W. by Orange
N. E. by
Bridge water, S. E. by NewChester, and on the S. W. by
Danbury. Its N. corner is situate in New-found pond on Hebron line. It contains about
14,000 acrco of land. Smithes
river flows through the S., and
several smaller streams cross
Prithe N. end of this town.
or to 1790, Rev. Enoch Whip;
was settled here. At present there are two religious so-
ple
cieties
without
ordained
an
minister.
It has
4 saw-mills, and
grain-mill,
1
mill
1
for
dressing cloth.
Allenstown,
Rocking-
in
ham
county, situated on the
E. side of the river Suncook,
is
It
has 346 inhabitants.
hounded N. by Epsom, E. by
Deerfield,
S.
by Chester, and
W. by Suncook
river.
Its
W.
corner is on the river Merrimack, 52 rods opposite the
The Sunof division
between Allenstown and Pembroke, the former of which extends over an area of 12,225
acres of land, its growth of
township of Bow.
cook'
wood
is
the line
principally
pine,
the
being light and weak
there are,notwithstanding,some
Cataexcellent farms here.
soil
;
mount hill or mountain is the
Alhighest land in this town.
lenstown has 2 grain-mills and
4 saw-mills. Buckstreet bridge
connects this town with Pem-
broke.
Allenstown^ hitherrb,
has been destitute of a settled
minister or meeting-house.
house of public worship, however, has been recently erected.
It has 3 school- houses,
and winters 536 sheep.
A
Alstead, a township of
Cheshire county, incorporated
in 1763, with a population at
present of 1644 souls, is bounded N. by Acworth and Langdon, E. by Marlow, and S. by
Walpole and Langdon, containing 24,756 acres, of which
300 are water. Here are 2
meeting-houses for congregationalists and 1 for baptists
15
school-houses, 5 saw and S
grain-mills, 1 paper and 1 oilmill, a mill for dressing cloth
and a carding machine. The
is strong and succulent,
soil
producing flax, wheat, &c. in
exuberance. Fruit trees thrive
Cheshire turnpike
well here.
;
intersects the S. W. part, and
the road from Hale's Bridge
passes through the centre of
The largest body of
the town.
water here is WarreJi's pond,250
rods in length and 150 in width.
Cold river traverses the N. E.
angle of Alstead, where it receives the waters of Warren's
pond. Several branches of Ashuelot river have their sources
Rev. Jacob
town.
ordained here over
the congregational church in
1782 dismissed in 1789. Rev.
in
this
Mann was
;
Samuel Mead settled in the
dismissed
same parish 1791
1797 since which time this
parish has had no ordained
;
;
—
�GAZETTEER OF NBW-HAMPSHIRE.
minister.
still
ish
Amherst, formerly
Rev. Levi Lankton
continues in the East par-
where he was
settled
in
Elder Jeremiah Hig1792.
bee has the pastoral care of the
baptist church in this town.
J.H.B.
The average number of
deaths in Alstead from 1807
to 1811, was 2 1 per annum.
79
called
Souhegan West, was originally
granted by Massachusetts and
is a pleasant township in Hillsborough county, incorporated
in
1762.
Its
tion consists
present populaof 1554 inhabit-
Bounded by
Merrimack on the
ants.
the river
E., S. by
Hollis, W. by Milford, and on
the N. by Mount- Vernon and
J.M.& J.H.B.
^LTON, a township in Straf- New- Boston, in lat. 42 « 54' N.
ford county, about 25 miles containing 22,435 acres, 350 of
N.W. from Dover, was incor- which are water. Babboosuck
porated 1796, and reckons 1279 pond, of 300 acres extent, lies
This town has in the N» E. corner of this
inhabitants.
English pond to the
Winnipiseogee lake and bay for town.
N. W. is 160 rods in length
its N. boundary, E. it is bounded by New-Durham, S. by and too in width, its waters
Barnstead, W. by Gilmanton {dXXxngmXo xh^Babboosuck. Souand Gilford. Its surface 35,783 hegan river flows through AmWolfeborough joins herst on the S. and receives the
acres.
waters of Beaver brook coming
Alton on the N. E. corner 1
from Mount- Vernon. Milford
Merry
mile and 216 rods.
meeting bay has a S. declina- and Mount- Vernon were formerly component parts of Am,'
tion of 1800 rods into Alton^
where it receives an excellent herst, from which they were
stream, on which Barker's severed, the former in 1794,
and Wiggin's mills are erected. and the latter in 1803. The
This bay is about 200 rods in centre of the town is a level
width.
Half-moon pondy be- plain of about a half a mile's
tween Barnstead and Alton, is extent,equi distant from the four
300 rods long, and 150 wide. cardinal points, on which a very
pleasant village is
erected.
It has several ponds of less
Here are a meeting-house, a
note.
Its soil is hard and
court-house, jail, school-house,
rocky, adapted to corn and
wheat. White and red oak, several good mill sites, on
beach,maple, pine, and hemlock which are 3 corn-mills, 5 saw-
arc its principal growth.
inhabitants are, for the
part, of the baptist order.
The
mills, 1 mill for dressing cloth,
most
4 trading stores, 3 cotton and
wool manufactories,and 1 print-
Elder John Page was ordained
here 1811. Here are 2 grainmills, 6 saw-mills, and 1 mill
for dressing cloth.
Alton winter! about 250 sheep.
ing establishment. The Aurean Academy, discontinued for
lack of funds, was incorporated
here in 1 790, and was an useful
and flourishing
institution.
A
�GAZETTEER OF NBW-HAMPSHIRE
80
public school was commenced
here 1807, and, with intervals,
has continued ever since. The
town is divided into 9 schooldistricts having 8 school-housThat which is central is
es.
situated near the meeting-house
and is a large and commodious
building.
The
first settlers
of
Amherst were from Billerica
and Middletown, (Mass.) 1 734.
In 1752, it had 7 garrisoned
houses resorted to by the in-
making an average of more
than 81 years to each.
The
oldest native of the town now
residing here, was born in the
year 1 742. So prompt was this
town in furnishing men for the
military service of the United
States that ])revious to the
The
second
turnpike
habitants in times of difficulty
shire
and danger. The first ordained
minister was Rev. D. Wilki»s,
Claremont to
who
visited this place
when
it
consisted of only 14 families.
He was settled in 1741, his being the third ordination in the
county of Hillsborough. Mr.
W. died 1783. The present
pastor, Rev.Jeremiah Barnard,
was settled March 3d, 1780.
The number of deaths here for
33 years subsequent to his ordiThe follownation was 529.
ing instances of longerity have
occurred within these last 20
Deacon Joseph Boutelle,
aged 90 years,and Rebecca, agfd 91, died in 1795. In 1803,
died widow Grace Town, aged
96; in 1805, widow Hannah
Lovejoy in the 102d year of
years.
her age, leaving descendants to
In 1806,
the number of 330.
widow Sarah Burdet, aged 94 ;
first
of April 1777, 120 persons had
engaged, of whom were 2 colonels, 1 major, 5 captains, and 9
subaltern officers.
j.F.
this
New-Hamppasses
from
town.
" Amonoosuck, an Indian
name given to two rivers in N.
Hampshire the one is called
Upper Amonoosuck, passing
:
through a tract of excellent
meadow. It rises near the N.
end of the White Hills, runs
northerly about 15 miles, where
is a carrying place of about 3
miles to Amariscoggin river.
From thence the river runs
S. W. and W. nearly 18 miles,
and empties into the Connecticut at Northumberland, near
the Upper Coos.
The other is
called Great or Lower Am-
onoosuck, which
on
rises
west side of the White
Mountains. It falls into th&
Connecticut just above the
the
in
town of Haverhill, in Lower
Coos, by a mouth 100 yards
wide.
About 2 miles from its
telle,
mouth
1808, widow Hannah Bou95 ; in 1809, widow Sarah Stuart, aged 92; in 1811,
widow Lucy Ellsworth in the
Since
90th year of her age.
the year 1803, have died twenty-f. -e persons, the aggregate
of whose ages amount to 2041,
it
receives
Wild Amon-
oosuck, 40 yards wide, from
Franconia and Lincoln Mountains. Two or three hours rain
raises the water in this last mentioned river several feet, and
occasions a current so furious
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
as to put in motion stones of a
foot in diameter, but its vio-
lence soon subsides. "(M.Gaz.)
Androscoggin, or AmeriscoGGiN River, has its sources 35 miles
N. of Errol
in this
and N. of latitude 45°.
Its most northerly branch is
called Margalloway. Its course
This
is S. for nearly 60 miles.
state
river enters the state near the
S. E. corner of the second
Dartmouth
grant
to
where
receives Dead
passing thence through
river.,
college,
also
it
Wentworth's Location into Errol where it mingles with the
waters flowing from Lakt: Umbagog, about one mile from its
outlet.
From
this
juncture
the confluent stream bears the
name of Androscoggin.
Its
course is S. till it approaches
near to the White Mountains,
from which it receives Moose
and Peabody rivers, entering
the District of Maine N. of
Mount Moriah. It then turns
to the E. and then to the S. E.,
in which course through a fertile country it passes within two
miles of the sea-coast, and then
turning N. runs over Pejepscot
or Brunswick-falls into MerryMeeting-Bay, a few miles from
Bowdoin college, and forms a
junction with the Kennebeck,20
miles from the sea. In its course
through Paulsburgh and Mainsborough it passes within 2 or 3
miles of the Upper Amonoo-
suck river.
" Amuskeag Falls, in N.
Hampshire, are on Merrimack
11
81
below the ford,
and 7 below Hookset Falls. It
consists of three pitches, one below the other, so that the water
falls about 48 feet 3 inches in
river, 16 miles
the course of half a mile.
The
second pitch, which may
seen from the roads on the
side
is
truly majestic.
be
W.
In the
middle of the upper part of the
fall, is a high rocky island, on
the top of which, are a
of
pits,
made
number
exactly round,
hogsheads, some
of which are capable of holding
like barrels or
tons; formed by the cir-,
cular motion of small stones,
impelled by the force of the descjt'eral
scending water. At the foot
of the rapids, half a mile below
the principal fall, is a bridge,
556 feet in length, and 20 in
breadth, consisting of 2000 tons
of timber, and made passable
for travellers 57 days after it
" A
was begun." (M. Gaz.)
canal has been formed around
these falls, through which boats
pass with ease imd safety. Prior
to 1670, these falls were much
visited by the aborigines.
The
sachem
Wonolans^t resided
The son of Wonolanset,
here.
engaged in hunting here about
the middle of March, discovered 15 Indians on the other side
who called to him in an unknown language, upon which
he fled, while they discharged
nearly 30 muskf-ts at him with-*
out effect." (Belknap's N.H.)
Andover, a township in
Hillsborough county, incorporated 1779, with a population
of 1259 inhabitants, is bound-
�82
GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHiRR.
ed N. W. by New Chester, N.
E. by Merrimack river which
disunites it from Sanbornton,S.
E. by Salisbury, and S. W. by
Wilmot with an area of 29,883
acres.
It has several ponds of
water, the largest of which is
Chance pond, in extent 230 rods
and 130 in width. Black Water, a branch of Contoocook
river, flows through the S, W.
Ragged
part of this town.
mountain is partly in this town,
the N. line of both town and
county passing over its summit.
The 4th New- Hampshire turnpike leads through the S. W.
part of Andover where Grafton
Its soil is
turnpike meets it.
of almost every variety, for the
most part broken and stony,
but generally good, producing
good crops of grain andEnglish
On the Pemigawasset
grass.
and Black rivers are excellent
Rev.
tracts of intervale land.
Babcock was ordained here
J.
Here are a meeting1782.
house,10school-houses,2 grainmills, 6 saw-mills,
1
mill
for
dressing cloth, i carding-machine, and 5 trading stores.
Here were wintered last season
4000 sheep. Agreeably to a bill
of mortality furnished by Rf v.
there have died in AridoJ. B.
ver since the year 1782, under
70 years of age, 287 persons,
over 70, 18 persons, over 80,
j.b.
15, over 90, 2.
Antrim, a township in
Hillsborough county, was incorporated 1777, and, in the
year 1810, contained 1277
Bounded N. by Windsouls.
sor and Hillsborough, E. by
the river Contoocook, which
severs it from Deering, S. by
Hancock, and W. by Stoddard
and a part of Nelson, of an area
of 21, 784 acres.
Gregg's pond
400 rods long and 150 wide,
lies in the S. part of the town.
Its waters fall into Contoocook
The soil of Antrim disriver.
plays great inequality of surface, but is generally producThis town annually wintive.
ters about 2000 sheep, and cattle in proportion.
The second
N. H. tuv npike bisects the N.
angle Oi Antrim.
Reverend J,
M. Whiton is their mmister.
Here are a meeting-house, 4
grain-mills,
4 saw -mills, 2 mills
for dressing cloth,
1
carding-
machine, anxl 3 trading stores,
la 1813, 45 persons died of
the prevailing fever.
ASHUELOT
River has
or
a
ASHWILLET
number
of
branches, the most remote of
which is S. of Sunapee mountain in the township of Goshen,
thence running S. through Alstead,
Marlow, Washington,
Stoddard,
where
it
&c.
to
joins with
Swansey,
a
large
stream of water from Keene,
another from the S. line of the
Below Winchester
state, &c.
it runs W. by N. and at length
empties into Connecticut river
in the lower part of Hinsdale.
Atkinson, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated
1767, containing 55%
inhabitants and 6,839 acres.
Bounded N. by Hampstead,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
83
N.E.by
flowing
hill,
Rumney and emptying
Plaistow, S. by Haver(Mass.) and W. by Salem.
Atiinson was formerly a part
of Haverhill, separated from
it by the state line of demarcation.
Its soil is prolific,
E.
thence
Merrimack
river
at
through
into the
Plymouth
village.
Location
Barker's
and
is
highly pleasant.
It is 30 miles from the maritime town of Portsmouth, and
bounded* N. by Lancaster, E.
by Jefl'erson, and S. and W. by
Kilkenny, and contains 3,090
has an academy which was
founded in
1789, by Hon.
Nathaniel Peabody of Exeter,
who endowed it with 1000 acresofland. John Vose, A.M.
acres.
its
situation
Here are a
is the preceptor.
handsome congregational meeting-house, 1 grain-mill, and 1
saw-mill. " In this township is
a large meadow wherein is an
island of 6 or 7" acres, which
was formerly loaded with valuable pine timber and other
forest
dow
of an
wood.
is
When
artificial
dam,
meameans
the
overflowed, by
this island
with the water, which is
sometimes 6 feet. In a pond
in the middle of the island,
there have been fish, which,
rises
the meadow has been
overflowedhave appeared there,
when the water has been drawn
oflf, and the island settled to its
when
usual place. The pond is now
almost covered with verdure.
In it a pole 50 feet long has
disappeared, without finding
bottom." (Morse Gaz.)
Barnstead,
a pleasant levcounty,
incorporated 1727, and boundel
township
in Straiford
ed as follows, viz. N. E. by
Alton, N. W. by Gilmanton,
S. W. by Pittsfield, and S. E.
by Barrington, containing 26,
000 acres. Here are two ponds
known by the name of Suncook,^
lying contiguous to each other,
one 400 rods and the other 300
long ; also Bundle pond 250
rods in extent.
Each of these
in width will average their me-
dium
lies
length.
on
Alton
Half moon pond
line, its
centre
about equi-distant from the
two towns, 300 rods long and
half as wide.
These ponds all
discharge their waters
into
Suncook river which traverses
the town.
Beaty*s, Pink, Adam^Sy and jfacob^s are small and
nearly circular pools about 100
rods in diameter. The original growth here is pine, oak,
beach, maple, and hemlock.
soil is hard, but not very
rocky, well adapted to the inof corn and grain.
crease
Barnstead reckons 1477 souls
Here are a
for its population.
congregational and baptist so-
The
B.
—
Baker's River. Its most
N. branch has its source in
Coventry, and its most S. in
Orange and Coventry. These
branches unite in Wentworth,
ciety.
Elder David
Knowl-
ton was ordained here in
1
804,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
84
and died in 1809. Enos George
was oidaiued hy a~ congregational council 1804, and is
th»:^ir prestnt teacher*
BarnStead has 2 houses for public
worship, a number of excellent sites for water niachinery,
and already, mills of various
Cattle and sheep are raised
here in large num! cts.
In
1814, were wintered here 5,162
sheep.
Chrystal spar, plumbago, or black lead, iron ore,
alum, and vitriol are found
here.
On the S.E. side of the
town is a cave commonly call-
kinds.
ed the
Bear''s
Den.
Its
mouth
The first
18 inches wide.
course is an angle of descent
of about 20 degrees, then pressing through a narrow passage
of about 4 feet in length and
descending the same track about 9 feet, you enter an
apartment 21 feet in length, 3f
in width, and 12 in height, in
which you find a natural table
2 feet square,smooth and level,
and about high enough to stand
Stepping up
and write upon.
a few feet you then enter another room, 16 feet long, 4
wide, and 10 in height, encircled on each side by a regular
wall of stone. The rocks forming the bottonf of this cave so
exactlv correspond with the
roof, thai one needs no further
evidence that they were once
About a mile S. W.
united.
is
Barrington, a township in
Strafford county, incorporated
1722, and bounded N. E. by
Farmington and Rochester, S.
E. by Madbury and Dover,
S.W.by Nottingham andNorth•\vood, and N. W. by BarnThis town is thirteen
stead.
and a half miles long and half
as
wide, containing 58,4-00 aIt had in 1810, 3,564
cres.
inhabitants.
Here
are a lirge
number of ponds, some of
whose streams afford exctllent
Bo7v pond the largmill sites.
est, is situi'.ted in the S.W.
part of the town, in extent about 650 rods and 400 rods in
waters empty into
source of
Dover river. Bi sides this are
Chesley^Round^Mendum'^s^N^ppo^North river ^Vildgoose^Long\
Auer^s, and Trout ponds^ W.
of the Blue Hilh. The waters
of these ponds discharge into
Suncook river. The first ridge
of Frost hills, commonly c.illed Blue hilis, and one of the
three inferior summits of Agamenticus,is continued through
The N. part of
this town.
Barrington is hilly and broken,
but the soil, for the tnost part
width.
Its
Jsing-lass, a principal
is
excellent,yielding corn,grain,
flax,
cider, &c. in
abundance.
from
this spot,
on the margin
of a pond, is a rock of 150 perpendicular feet above the face
s.b.
of the water.
Here are 3 houses of public
worship, 18 school-houses, 14
grain-mdls,-2 mills for dressing cloth, 3 carding-machines,
and 4 trading stons. The major part of the inhabitants are
of the baptist order, having only one society of a different
denomination in town. Rev.
Joseph Prince was settled over
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHmE.
the congregational church 1755,
Rev. David
removed 1760.
Tenney was settled 1771, reRev. Benjamin
1784, and
Elder Smith Babdied ISIL
co' k, Micajah Of is, and Jo-
moved
Biilch
1778.
was
settled
seph Boody are the present ordaintd prj;acbu rs in this towil.
This town, from its first settlement, has betn very healthy.
Several of the first settlers lived to an advanced period of
more than 100 years.
Bartlett, a township in
the county of Coos, incorporated in 1790, situated at the S.E.
White HUls, bounded N. by Adams, E. by Chath.'im, S. by ungranted land and
Conway, and W. by Chadbourn's and Hart's locations.
angle of the
Its surface is 13,500 acres. Saco river and the 10th N. H.
turnpike road pass through this
town.
lies on
mountain
Kearsarge
E. line.
its
Bath,
a pleasant township
in Grafton county, situated on
the E. side of Connecticut riv-
opposite Rygate in Vermont, 35 miles N. by E. from
Dartmouth college is bounded N. E. by Xittleton, E. by
LandafF, S. W. by Haverhill,
and W. by Connecticut river,
It
containing 24,827 acres.
was incorporated 1769, and
has a population of 1316 souls.
Great Amonoosuck passes the
N. E. corner of BatJi and falls
er
85
Amonoosuck.
The Bath turnpike leads through the town,
and, where the river and turnpike intersect, is a very handsome village. Rev. D. Southerland is their ordained minister. Bath has 1 meeting-house,
3 corn-mills, 6 saw-mills, 1
mill for dressing cloth,
and
lery,
1 distil-
3 trading stores.
Bear Camp River, whose
W.
branch rises in Sandwich
and Burton mountains and
Bear Camp pond^ and whose
W. branch in Eaton. In Ossipee these two branches unite
and fall into Great Ossipee
pond on its W. side.
Beaver Brook, has its
source from a pond in Unity,
and, running W. 8 miles, falls
into Connecticut river in the
upper part of Charleston.
Beaver River, rises from
Derry pond and several other
small ponds in Londonderry,
and passing S. through Pel-
ham,
falls into
Merrimack
riv-
Dracut, opposite the
mouth of Concord river in
Massachusetts.
er
in
;
into the Connecticut at
its
S.W.
corner, near which it first receives the waters of the IVi/d
Bedford,
in
Hillsborough
county, situated on the W.
side of Merrimack river, incorporated in 1750, with a population in 1810, of 1296 souls.
Bounded N. by Goffstown, E.
by Merrimack river, S. by
Merrimack and Amherst, and
W. by Amherst and New-BosIt contains 20,660 acres.
ton.
Piscataquog river falls into the
�GAZl^TTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIllE.
8t>
Merrimack at the N.E. corner
oi Bedford. Here is a society of congregation alists, over
which Rev. D.M'Gregore was
ordained pastor 1 804. Rev. J.
Houston was their former minister.
Here
is
also a society
of baptists. " Near the ferry
from Manchester to Bedford,
in the spring 1760, were taken
2500 shad-fish at one draught
of a nett." (N.H.Guz.) Here
are a meeting-house, a cottonfactory, 6 grain-mills, 8 sawmills, 1 clothier's mill, 1 carding-machine, and
5 trading
stores.
Blackwater River. The
most norch
called
branch
North brook rises in Danbury,
another branch rises in Wilmot, and a third proceeds from
Pleasant pond in New-London.
The streams unite in
Andover and flowing through
Salisbury and Boscawen fall
into Contoocook river near the
N. angle of Hopkinton.
Blind Will's
Neck,
is
formed by the confluence of
Cocheco and lainglass rivers.
Sometime in March, 1677, a
party of friendly Indians, of
Blind Will was one,
were all surprised together by
a party of Mohawks, and two
or three only escaped.
Blind
Will was dragged by his hair
until he perished of his wounds
on this neck of land which still
whom
Bellamy Bank River
ris-
es in Chelsey ponds,inBarrington, and,
meandering through
the N. part of Madbury, falls
into Piscataqua river on the
VV. side of Dover neck.
beai"s his
Bethlehem,
a
township
Grafton county containing 422
bounded N. by
Coos county line, which separates it from Whitefield, E. by
Bretton Woods and ungranted
lands, S. W. by Franconia and
part of Concord, N. W. by
Littleton, containing 28,608 acres. This town is very mounwatered, and
tainous, well
was formerly known by the
name of Loyd's Hills. The
N. branch oi Great Amonoosuck
passes through the N. part,
and the S. branch waters the S.
part of the town.
inhabitants,
Bloody Point,
Connecticut river.
is
on New-
ington side of Piscataqua river.
It was called Bloody Point
from a quarrel between the agents of the two companies of
proprietors about a point of
land convenient for both, and,
there then being no government Established, the controversy had well nigh ended in
blood.
Boscawen, a township in
the county of Hillsborough, incorporated 1760, having in
1810, a population of 1829
souls.
Bishop's Brook, rises in
and waters a considerable portion of Stewartstown and empties into
name.
in
Bounded N. by
Salis-
bury, E. by Merrimack river,
which separates it from Canterbury and Northfield, S. by Concord and Hopkinton, and W.by
�GAZETTEER OF KEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Warner, containing 32,230 aThe larg^^^st pond in this
town is called Long- pond^ 350
rods in length and averaging 50
cres.
rods in width.
near the centre of
250 rods long and
waters falling into
Great pond^
the town, is
20 wide, its
Black Water
N. edge of WarWater river flows
through this town from Salisbury to Hopkinton, where it
meets the Contooeook. Warner
river crosses the extreme S.
river on the
ner. 0Miack
toll
corner.
bridge
unit&s Boscawen with CanterThe 4th N.H. turnpike
bury.
leads through the N.E. corner
of thi« town. Here are 28
mills for grinding, sawing, fullTheir first
ing, carding, &c.
ordained minister was Phinehas Stevens, who was succeeded by Nathaniel Merrill in
At present there are
1775.
Rev. Messrs.
and Price pastors. Here
are 2 meeting-houses, and at
societies,
Wood
near the river a
with about
forty dwelling-houses, and five
In 1 746, two persons
stores.
were killed and several taken
the bridge
handsome
village
captive and carried to
from
near
Bow.
river
the
Turkey
at
N. E.
part of
About a mile below
Turkey are Garvin's falls ^ now
passable by locks on Bow side.
The Londonderry turnpike
leads from Cdncord through
the E. part of this town, directly to Boston.
Here is a
house for public worship and
an ordained minister of the
regular baptist order.
Here
are 2 grain-mills, 5 saw-mills,
and
1
carding-machine.
A
W.
two
Mtrrimack
falls
ar
this
Canada
town.
Bow,
a township in Rockcounty, incorporated
1729, containing 729 inhabit-
ingham
Bradford,
a township on
of Hillsborough
county, incorporated 1760,with
a present population of 1034.
Bounded N. by Warner, S. by
a part of Henniker and Hillsborough, W.by Cheshire county line, adjoining Washington,
E. by Fishersfield and a corner of Sutton,containing 18,919
acres, 469 of which are water.
At the E. end of this town is a
pleasant pond 500 rods long
and 150 wide.
part of
Todd's pond lies in this town
W.
the
side
A
and the other part in Fishersfield.
These ponds are the
most W. source of Warner's
river. Sunapee and othermountains border on the W. part of
Rev. Caleb Burge
this town.
is
settled here
Here
ties, 1
in the ministry.
two religious sociehouse for public wor-
are
Bounded N.E. by Mer-
ship, 2 corn-mills, 2 sa^t-mills,
rimack river which divides it
from Pembroke, S.E.and S.W.
by Dunbarton, and N. W. by
Concord and part of Hopkin-
1 carding-machine, and 2 trading stores.
ants.
ton,
containing 15,753 acres.
Turkey
river
empties
into
Breakfast Hill,
tov^nship of Rye,
ble
is
In the
m<?mora-
on account of the follow-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-IIxVMPSHmE.
88
Early in
ing circtimstances.
the morning of June 26th,
1696, a large body of Indians
made
an attack on 5 houses on
a cotton factory with
spindles
in
operation.
falls, is
800
Though
situate in the
Bre7iiwood
edge of
ExThere are two
it is
called the
Portsmouth plains, by which
14 persons were killed on the
eter factory.
scitlpcdand left for dead,
and 4 taken prisoners. The
enemy, having plundered the
houses of what they could car-
congregationalists and baptists,
beside a considerable number
spot,
ry
1
off,
set
them on
fire
and
made
precipitate retreat
a
through the Great Sxvamp.
A
companj'of militia under Capt.
Shatkford and Lieut. Libbey
pursued and discovered them
cooking their breakfast at a
phice ever since called BreakThe Indians were
fust Hill.
on the furthermost side of the
hill and had placed their captives between themselves and
the summit, that, in case of an
attack, they might first receive
the fire ^ Lieut. Libbey urged to
go rotuid the hill and come upon them below and cutoff their
religious societies in this place,
Each order has
of friends.
its
respective house of pubi||| wor-
Nathaniel TrasK was
ordained here 1752, and died
He was suc1780, aged 67.
ceeded by Rev. E. Flin*, who
died 1812
their present minColton, who
ister is Rev.
Elder S.
was settled 1815.
Shephard, recently deceased,
ship.
;
C
had the care of the baptist
church with several others.
Here are 3 corn-mills, 6 sawmills, 1 carding-machine, and
a
trading
store.
Vitriol
is
found here, combined in the
same stone with sulphur.
Bretton Woods,
a town-
Coos county, situated
or 10 miles S. E. from Con-
retreat, but the
Capt. fearing
ship in
in that case they
would
8
necticut
kill
the
rushed upon them
from the top of the hill, by
which means he retook the captives and plunder, but the Inprisoners,
dians escaped.
Brentwood, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated 1742, contained, in 1810,
905 inhabitants. Bounded N.
by Epping, E. by Exeter, S.
by Kingston, and W. by Poplin,
of a surface of 10,465
a«-
Exeter river, on which
are many good rnill-privileges,
parses through this town. Here,
at what are called Pick-pocket
cres.
1
river,
incorporated
772,having but 20 or 30 inhab-
itants.
It is
bounded N. by
Whitefield and
Jefferson, E.
by ungranted land, S. by the
county line and Nash and
Sawyer's Location, and W. by
the county line which separates
it from Bethlehem, containing
about 24,978 acres.
JohrCs
and Israels rivers receive several branches from this town.
The
Jefferson turnpike crosses
the E. part, and Po7icl Cherry
mountain is on the N. side
Here is
next to Jefferson.
corn-mill and 1 saw-mill.
1
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Bridgewater
on the
W.
is
siiu.ited
side of Pemigexvas-
Grnfton county, incorporated 1788, and contained in 1810, 1104 inhabitants.
set river in
Bounded N. by Hebron and
Plymouth, E. by the county
dividing it from NewHampton, and W. by Netvfoiind ^nd^ dividing- it from
Bridgeivater
New-Chester.
line
The Mahas 19,785 acres.
hc'w turnpike passes near iVi?u'found pondy through the W.
Here is a
part of the town.
meeting-house, and, at the N.
part a village with a number
of mills.
Brookfield,
Strafford
a
county,
township in
about 30
miles from Dover, incorporated in 1795, with a present
population of about 657.
It
bounded N. W. by Wolfeborough, E. by Wakefield, S.E.
by Great Moose mountain^ and
89
12,664 acres, 240 of which are
water.
W.
N.
to
Nissitisset river
through
es
p-.iss-
town from the
W. and falls in-
this
to S.
Nashua
river in
Pepperell,
Massachusetts. Potanipo pondy
through which this rivt-r p tsses, is near the centre of the
town, and about a mile long,
and 120 rods wide. Here are
a meeting-house, 3 corn- mills,
5 saw-mills, and 2 tradmg
Rev. L. Wadsworth,
was or-
stores.
their present pastor
dained 1797.
Burnham's River
Lyman
rises
in
Liulcton ;tnd falls
into the Great Amonoosuck in
iind
New-Concord.
Burton, a township in the
N. W. corner of the county of
Strafford,
incorporated
1766.
conformable to
the, census of 1810, was 194
souls.
It is bounded E. by
W.by Alton, containing 13,000 Conway, N.E. by Eaton^ S. by
CsoPs pond is about Tamworth, W. by Grafton
acres.
300 rods long and 50 wide, and. county line, and N. by the line
of Coos county.
is the source of the W. branch
The White
Smithes
of Salmon Fall river.
mountains lie N. and Whiteriver rises near the former seat face moufitain W.
Swift river
passes through Burton from
of Gov. Wentworth, which is
in the S.W. part of the place,
W. to E.
near the upper line of Brookis
Its population,
jield.
C.
Brookline.
a township
in
Hillsborough ^ounty, incorporated 1784, with a population
agreeable to the census of 1810,
of 538 souls.
Bounded N. by
Milford, E. by Hollis, S. by
Massachusetts state
W.
by Mason.
12
Its
line,
and
area
is
Cambridge, an uninhabited
townshi,) in Coos county, situated at the S. end of Inkf Um-
bagog and bounded N. by ErE.by the District of Maine,
S. by Paulsburgh and Success,
and W. by Dummer.
Incor-
rol,
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRK.
90
1773, containing 23,
third
160 acres. Androscoggin river passes through the W. part
of this town.
field.
porated
width
in
Baldwin was
Pemigewasset rirer, incorporated 1761, and containing 873
Bounded N. by
inhabitants.
ed
Mad river^
also to Bether river
which falls into the Pemigewasset^ which latter passes the centre of the town from N. to S.
Crotchet mountain lies on the
W. and Northern mountain on
the E. part ol the town. Campion has a public meeting-house,
and an ordained minister ; 3
grain-mills, 3 saw, and 1 oilmill, 2 mills for cloth dressing,
and 2 carding-machines.
Canaan, a township
in
Graf-
ton county, of an area of 16,
049 acres, was incorporated
Its number of inhabit1761.
ants
is
1094.
Bounded N. by
Dames Gore, E. by Orange
and Grafton, S. by Enfield, and
W. by Hanover. Hart's pond^
situated nearly in the middle of
the town, is about 400 rods
On the
long and 100 wide.
near En-
river
frona
Dorchester passes through this
town. On it are 12 mdls of
various kinds.
Elder Thomas
Camptobt, a township in
Grafton county, situated on
Thornton, E. by Sandwich, S.
by Holderness and Plymouth,
containing 27,892 acres. Two
small ponds here give rise to
lies
Mascomy
settled here
in
remov1790.
Elder
the ministry 1783, and
to
Wheat
Boston
is
their present pastor,
and was settled here 1813.
Candia, Rockingham counwas incorporated 1763.
whole population was, in
1810, 1290 souls.
Bounded
N. by Deerfield, E. by Raymond, S. by Chester, and W.
by the same its area 17,734
branch of Lamprey
acres.
river passes through the N.
corner and the Chester turnpike through the S. W. part of
ty,
Its
;
A
It has 2 houses of
the town.
public worship, one of which
was erected in 1814, and btrrars
the name of liberty unioji meeting house. Here are 3 grainmills, 6 saw-mills, a mUl for
dressing cloth, and a carding-
machine. Rev. David Jewett
was ordained here 1771, and
Their late
removed 1780.
minister. Rev. Jesse Remington, was ordained in 1790, and
died March 1815. Elder Moses Bean has been ordained
here several years over a freewill baptist society.
W.
shore of this pond is the
house of public worship and a
pleasant village, through which
the Grafton turnpike leads.
Goose pond^ lying near Hanover line is about as large as
Hart's pondy also Mud pond
^00 rods in length and one
Canterbury, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated 1727, contained
in
1810,
Bounded
1526 inhabitants.
N. E. by Gilmanton, S. E. by
Loudon, S. l)y Concord, and
S. W. by IvXerrimack river,
�eAZETTBKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
which separates it from Boscawf n. This town has 26,245
acres. The soil of this town is
generally good, producing corn,
and cider in ahundance.
bridge over Merrimack river connects this town with
Boscawen village.
small
branch of Suncook river crosses the N.E. corner, and a number of small ponds and streams
water the W. p^rt of the town.
Here are two houses of public
worship exclusive of the quakcr church.
Their present
minister, William Patrick, is
of the congregational order.
A. Foster and F. Parker have
been their former pastors. Elder Young, several years since,
was settled here in the freewill baptist order. On the S.E,
side of the town near Loudon,
is the Shaker^s village^ and as
the head of their family has
furnished the compilers of this
work with a particular account
of their concerns, we take pleasure in giving it in his own
'*
words.
The believers, (or
people commonly called shakers,) in Canterbury h«ve been
in the faith we now profess upwards of 30 years, and have
had one Lord and one baptism^
which is a crucifixion and
death to the nature of sin, and
unites the soul in the spirit
and power of the resurrection
of life.
have united our
flax,
A
A
We
temporal interest in one for
more than twenty years ; except some, who have since misbelieved, or those who did not
choose so to do ; as there is no
compulsion with us in such a
ca?e
:
we
91
live together in love
and union, as brothers and sisters £0 the spirit and not in the
flesh ; and as we believe carnal or self-pleasing gratifications are of, and from the man
of
sin,
who
now
is
revealed,
and is consumed, by the spirit
and brightness of this present^
second^ and last appearing of
Christy in which we believe ;
by which our former heavens
are dissolved, and our former
fleshly elements do melt with
fervent heat, (See 2d
Peter,
iii.
10th.) And we do
rejoice
in
their
destruction,
and by believing and obeying
this faith and revelation of
Christ, we are saved from our
sins, and constantly say Christ
is our Saviour
and by wearj
ing his cross, our motives are
changed and our heaven and
becomes new ; (2 Peter,
iii. 13.) and in this manner of
earth
life
we know in whom we beand who and what is of
lieve,
this world,
"As
(John
vii. 17.)
to marriages,
we
are
all
married to one, even to Christ,
who is in, and is the head of
his bodj^ the church. (Eph. v.
30 32.) But external marriages, for the purpose of grat-
—
or for begetting or
conceiving in sin, or being
shapen and brought forth in
iniquity, we have not an)'.
It
is the children of this wot-ld,
who have the marriages. Luke
xxii. 34, Sec. ; but we labour
to he of those who are duly
qualified. (See Rev. xiv. 14.
Yet we have a plenty of the
young of the flock ; and that
ification,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-TIAVfPSmBE.
92
scripture
is
which
fulfilled
more
are the children of
the desolate, than of the mar(See Isa. liv. 1.
ried wife.
saith,
.
Psi.
txiii.
29, &c.
''•D
ith
7,
Luke
8.
—The
"
xxiii.
Wc manufacture many art-
which we endeavour to make worth what the
consumer gives for them, such
as linen and woollen wheels,
measures, seives, candlesticks,
brooms, wooden ware, boxes of
wood, whips, cooper set work,
cards for wool and cotton,rakes
and sneads, leather of different
kinds, &c. we also raise garden
seeds, in which we take pains
icles for sale,
souls
who
are
do not die ; and to
the faithful soul, who departs
this life there is no sting ; nor
does the departing this lite
separate us in spirit nor in distance ; for heaven is where
Christ is, and he is in his church,
and that is terrestrial bodies
joined and united to celestial
bodies. (See Heb.xii.22.) But
to answer your mind concernWithin 30 years,
ing deaths.
30 persons, old and young,
in Christ,
—
have departed
ministers of the good oivil authority to which we !i:ive respect, and from whence we derive suport.
this life in
our
propagate the best kind.
" For several years we have
not made use of spirituous liquors except for sickness or into
firmity seeing the evil
society hert-, for whom we do
not mourn, believing they have
on the human race
the fruits of their labours.
"
have generalh' consisted of from 200 to 300 souls in
have not made
Wc
this
village.
Wc
have one
open at all
meeting-house,
times ior public worship,for
all
candid, and well
behaved people; but all who are
otherwise minded, we wish
them in better employ than to
We have 7"
come among us.
civil, discreet,
deacon's office, and a number of workshops, both for brethren and
sisters, and several mills, &c.
on an artificial stream.
"We occupy upwards of 1000
acres of land which is consecrated to the Lord, to all which
we hold a lawful and constitutional right to govern and protect from ail abuse ; and in
that we are assisted by the
dwelling-houses,
;
it
brings
and to
cape another obvious
es-
we
evil
a practice of
it
trusting or being trusted.
believe the above sketches
We
be supportable in
and
to
truth,
if it will answer your purpose
ye will insert it without vary-
ing the sense.
welcome
Ye
are
also
our names.
In
union and behalf of the people
called shakers in Canterbury."
to
FRANCIS WINKLEY.
ISRAEL SANBORN.
t
"
We can say we love one an-
other,
and we do say that our beand sisters at
loved brethren
Enfield, in this state, are nearsame number, and are
ly of the
in the
and
same
faith
and kingdom,
in similar circumstances."
r.w.
i.s.
In April 1752, two Indians,
Sahatis
and
Christie
came
to
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Canterbury, where they were
entertained in a friendly manner for more than a month. At
their departure they forced away two negroes, one of whom
made his escape and returned.
The other was carried to
Crown-Point and there sold to
an officer. The next year Sabatis with another inJian PlowAawa came aguin to Canterbury^ where being reproached for
misconduct respecting the negroes, he and his companion
behaved in an insolent manner.
Several persons treated them
freely with strong drink, and
one pursued them into the
woocls, and taking advantage
killed them
and with the help of another
ot their situation
person
buried
carelessly
that
them, but, so
bodies
were discovered by beasts of
prey and their bones lay on the
ground.
The two men that
killed Sabatis and Ploxvsaxva
were apprehended and carried
their
A
Portsmouth.
bill
was
found against them by the
grand jury and they were confined in irons, but on the night
before the day ap]iointed for
their trial, an armed mob from
the country with axes and
crows forced the prison and
to
carried
them
off in
triumph.
93
ulation was,in 1810^ about 349
inhabitants.
Its
boundaries
are Moultonborough N. E.,
Meredith neck S.E., and the
waters on the S.W., parting it
from Meredith and NewHampton, and N. by NewHoiderness and Squam lake,
having an area of 7,626 acres
of land.
There is a public
house of worship for
all orders
of christians, \ saw-mill, and 1
trading store. Part of Measley
pond lies in the south-west part
of this town.
Chadbourne and Hart's
Location, Coos county* Beginnmg at the S.W. corner of
land granted toMr.VereRoyse,
at a birch tree,
thence running
N. 470 rods, thence
W.
Hills.
Saco river finds a passage through this location, and
a turnpike road crosses it.
It
contains 3000 acres of land,
and is 75 miles N. W. from
Portsmouth.
Charleston,
a
township
Cheshire
county, on the
easterly side of Connecticut
river, bounded N. by Claremont, E. by Unity, S. by
Langdon, and W. by Connecticut river
containing 24,100
acres.
It was incorporated in
the year 1753, and its whole
population in "the year 1810,
amounted to 1501.
bridge
denominated Cheshire bridge
unites this town with Vermont. Nearly opposite to the
town are LovelPs Fort-rouger^
in
;
Centre Harbour,
a township in Straifoid county, situated on the N.W. end of Win,
nipiseogee lake and on the S.
E. end of Squam lake, from
which circumstance it has its
appellation.
It was incorporated 1777, and its whole pop-
285
rods, thence nearly N. till it
meets the Notch of the White
A
�GAZETTEER OF NRW-HAMPSHIRK.
94
and Half-moon
islands.
The
principal settlement is about a
It
half a mile from the river.
is
handsomely built, and con50 dwelling houses, a
tains
court-house,
meeting-house,
and an academy. It contains
two parishes, which are divided by a line running from ChesE. to the
corner of Unity and Acworth.
hire bridge, S. 87**
The meeting-house is in the
north parish, and through this
parish runs the Cheshire and
Charleston turnpike, which is
continued over the river by
Cheshire bridge. The former
ministers in this town were the
Rev. John Dennis, and B. Alcot.
The Rev.
J.
Crosby
is
the present minister.
Charleston contains 4 grain-mills, 6
saw-mills, 2 mills for dressing
cloth, 3 carding machines, 2
oil- mills, a distillery, and 6 retailing shops.
Charleston
has been the
scene, in former years of many
In April,
Indian cruelties.
1746, John Spofford, Isaac
Parker, and Stephen Farnsworth were taken in this town
by a party of Indians and carThey afterried to Canada.
Wtrds returned to Boston with
In the course
% flag of truce.
of the May following, a number of women in this town,
while employed in milking
their cows, guarded by Maj.
Josiah Willard and several sol-
upon by several Indians who were concealed, and who at this time killed one of the number by the
name of Putnam. While the
diers,
were
fired
Indians were scalping Putnam
they were fired upon by Willard and his party.
Two of
them were mortally wounded,
and were carried off by their
companions. Immediately after these bloody affairs, the
Massachusetts assembly sent
to this town Capt. Paine with
a body of men of whom about
20 fell into an Indian ambuscade, while on their way to
view the place of Putnam's
murder. The Indians fired,
and endeavoured to cut off
their retreat.
Capt. Phinehas
Stevens immediately came to
their relief.
A
skirmish ensukilled on
and one of the
ed, in which 5 were
each
side,
Charleston men was
taken.
The Indians retreated, leaving
some of their guns and blanIn June of the same
kets.
year, as captains Stevens and
Brown, and some others were
searching for their horses, their
dogs discovered a party of Indians lying in ambush.
Another
skirmish ensued, in
which the Indians were defeated, carrying off with them several of their killed, and leaving on the ground a quantity
of blankets, hatchets, spears,
and guns. The other side lost
In the same
only one man.
year a person by the name of
Phillips was killed
bv the Indians.
in this
town
In March, 1747, Capt. Phinehas Stevens, with a company
of rangers, consisting of thirty
"
men, came
took
to
this
possession
town and
of the fort,
which they found in a good
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HA>rPSHIRE
In a few days
they were attacked by a large
jaody of French and Indians,
under the command of a
Frenchman by the name of
Debeline. The Indians took
advantage of a high wind, and
set fire to the surrounding loghouses and fences.
In this
way they encompassed the fort
with flames. They also disState of repair.
charged into the fort a vast
number of burning arrows.
They could not however succeed in setting fire to the
fort, and after having carried
on the siege for two days, uttering all the time their savage
shouts and yells, they loaded a
wheel-carriage with dry faggots, probably intending to set
it on fire and push it to the
Before this
walls of the fort.
attempt was made, Debeline
demanded a cessation of arms
till sunrise the next morning.
This demand was granted. In
the morning, Debeline presented himself before the fort, accompanied by fifty men and a
flag of truce.
He requested
and obtained a parley.
French officer then advanced
with an Indian and a soldier,
and proposed that the besieged should bind up a quantity of
provisions, with their blankets,
lay down their arms, and be
conducted as prisoners to Montreal, and that the two commanders should meet and an
immediate answer be given to
A
Capt. Stevens
accordingly had an interview
with Debeline, who without
waiting for an answer, renewed
this
proposal.
his proposal,
95
accompanying
it
with a threat, that if his terms
should be rejected, or if any
one of his party should be killed, he would storm the fort
and put all therein to death.
Capt. Stevens answered that
nothing but extremities should
force him to accept such terms,
that he was entrusted with the
possession of the fort, and
would not surrender it until he
was convinced that the besiegers could execute their threats,
adding, that he had no encouragement to surrender if all his
men were to be put to death
for killing one of the enemy,
when it was probable they had
already killed many. Debeline
replied,
" go and see
if
your
"men dare fight any longer, and
give mean immediate answer."
Capt. Stevens accordingly put
the
question
his men,
to
whether they would fight or
surrender. They unanimously
determined to
fight.
This was
communicated to the enemy,
who renewed and continued
the attack all that day and the
following night, accompanied
with shouting and yelling. On
the morning of the third day
they requested another cessation of arms for two hours.
Two Indians came to Capt.
Stevens with a flag of truce
and proposed, that if he
would sell them provisions,
they would depart. Capt. Stevens answered, that to
sell
them provisions was contrary
to the laws of nations, but offer-
ed to pay them five bushels of
corn for every captive for
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAxMPSHlUE.
96
whom
they would give an hosthe captive could be
brought from Canada. After
the communication of this answer, a few guns wt;re fired,
and the enemy departed.
tage
till
No
fort
lives were lost in the
and only two men were
Commodore Sir
wounded.
Charles Fnowles was so highwith the conduct
of Capt. Stevens, that he presented him with an elegant and
From this
valuable sword.
circumstance relating to Sir
Charles, the township was incorporated by the name of
Before its incorCharleston.
poration it was called No. 4.
The next spring Capt. Stevens was again appointed to
command at No. 4. with a garrison of a hundred men.
In the year 1749, near the
close of this war and after the
garrison was withdrawn, except 15 men, Obadiah Tortwell was killed, and a son of
captain Stevens was captured
ly gratified
and carried
to
Canada.
At the
war he was
and sent home.
expiration of the
set
at liberty
in the year 1749. In
the begi«ning of the year 1754,
this devoted town was again
visited bv the savages. In August the)' broke into the house
of James Johnson early in the
morning before any of the famThey seized
ily \\^ere awake.
upon him and his three sons.
The Indians however tarried
This was
the next day on acoount of
the situation of Mrs. Johnson,
who 'was then delivered of a
till
daughter, to
whom
the
name of
Captive was given. The whole
lam ily were then carried off without bloodshed.
Mrs. Johnson
was placed ou a litter, and sometimes on horseback.
Provisions soon falling short the Indians killed the horse, and
even the infant was driven to
nourishment.
to Montreal,
where Johnson obtained leave
to return home on a parole of
two months. The assembly of
New-Hampshire granted 150/.
sterling to purchase his ransom.
The severity of the winter
compelled him to defer his return to Canada till the next
spring.
He was charged with
breaking his parole, was deprived of a large part of his
horse-flesh for
its
They proceeded
money,
and
was
cast
into
prison together with his famiwhere the small-pox atly,
After eighteen
tacked them.
months, Mrs. Johnson with
her sister and two children
were sent to England, and
from thence they returned to
Mr. Johnson was deBoston.
tained three years in prison,
when he was released and
went with his son to Boston.
Ke there met his wife, and
was again imprisoned, being
of treasonable decountry, but
was soon discharged for want
of evidence. His eldest daughsuspected
signs against his
ter
was retained in a Canadian
Mrs. Johnson as-
nunnery.
serts in
her narrative that her
eldest daughter Susan returned
a few days before the surren-
der of Montreal, and she vxher gratitude to the
presses
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE:
9r
who had
the S., Grafton county on the
treated her daughter with great
kindness by adopting her as
N., and Hillsborough county
on the E. It contains in land
and water, 763,860 acres. Its
two Miss Jasson's
their child
and keeping her
at
Captive,
who is still living, afterwards
married Col. George Kimball,
and Susan married Capt. Samuel Wetherbee.
In 1755, a number of cattle
in this town were killed by the
number of townships
Indians, and in 1760, the famwere
ily of Joseph Willard
captured and carried to Mont-
Bounded N. by Oilman
Warner's location and
Mount Royse, E. by the state
line, S. by Conway, and W. by
Bartlett and Adams. It contains
A pond in this
2,856 acres.
town, called Mountain pond^ is
200 rods long and 40 wide
dressing cloth, 9 oil-mills, 7
cotton and 5 woollen factories,
23 carding-machines, 2 papermills, 69 trading stores, and
15 distilleries.
In 1813, this
county contained 28 stud-horses, 5,771 horses of 5 years old,
498 of 4 years old, 5,169 oxen
of full growth, 2,930 of 4 years
old, 14,317 cows, 9,632 cattle
of 3 years old, and 1,891 acres
of orchard land.
The chief towns in Cheshire
county are Charleston and
The superior court
Keene.
and the courts of common pleas
KimbaWs pond^
sit in
school.
Her daughter
real.
Chatham,
a
township
Coos county, incorporated
1767, containing 201
in
in
inhabit-
ants.
and
;
in the S.E.part
of the town, is about 250 rods
long and 240 wide. Kearsarge
mountain lies in the S.W. part
of the town on Bartlett line,
Thir> town contains 2 saw-mills,
1 mill for
dressing cloth,2 corn-
and a carding-machine.
Chatham is about 10 miles
in length from north to south,
Its
and four miles in width.
direction
from the White
mountains is east, 8 miles dis-
six,
and
mount
to
its
is
thirty-
inhabitants
41,042
of
a-
whom
It has
7,478 are legal voters.
52 houses for public worship,
2 academies, 109 grain-mills,
155 saw-mills, 46 mills for
these towns alternately,
and the probate court holds
three sessions in each of these
towns every year. This county sends Z5 representatives to
the state legislature, and there
is a gaol in each of the shire
mills,
towns.
tant.
Chester, a township in
Rockingham county, bounded
N. and E. by Raymond, Candia, and AUenstown.
E. by
Poplin and Sandown, S. by
Cheshire County
lies
on
the easterly bank of Connecticut river, and is bounded by
the state of Massachusetts on
13
Londonderry, and W.by Manchester and Merrimack river.
It contains
49,054 acres, of
which 962 are water. Chester
was
incorporated
in
1722,
�GAZETTEKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
9li
and
contains
2,030
inhabit-
ants.
3Iassabesick /»(?«f/, containing
1,512 acres is situnted in the
westerly part of this town, a
portionofit however is in ManThis pond is almost
chester.
equally divided by a narrow
strait, over which the LondonIn
derry turnpike passes.
Merrimack river, near the
north-westerly partoftliis town,
is situated the Isle of Hookset
Beaver brook has its rise
falls.
in
this
town and
tails
into
Merrimack river. So also does
one branch of Exeter river
which passes into Hiwke.
Another branch of Exeter river
passes the northeasterly corner
of this town. Chester contains
23 mills of various kinds. It
has a coiigregution,^l meetinghouse, an academy, 60 dwelling-houses, 6 retailing shops,
and one edifice for presbyterian worship. The Rt v. Messrs.
Hale, Fhigg, and Wdson were
The
formerly settled here.
Rev. N.Bradstreet is the present minister.
Rattle-snake hillKn this town
Its diis a great curiosity.
ameter is half a mile, its
form is circular, and its height
400 feet. On the south side
10 yards from its base is a
cave called the Devil's den, in
is a narrow apartment,
15 or 20 feet squart, the flooring and ceiling of which arc
formed by a regular rock.
From the wall of this apartment there are depending numerous excrescences, bearing
the form and size of pears,
which
^
which upon the approach of a
torch throw out a sparkling
innumerable hues.
2d of July,ir64, Mr.
Jam-.-s Shirley of this town,
while wiilkmg by the side of his
horse, which was led by anlustre of
On
other
the
was
person,
instantly
The
killed by lightning.
flash
was observed by persons at the
distance of a number of rods
to fall upon his head.
It tore
his hat into fragments, singed
and entered his head
just over his right temple.
It
is remarkable, that the moner
his hair,
pocket was melted, and
which were of steel
were broken. His horse was
killed although the person who
led him, escaped with slight inin his
his buckles,
jury.
In the course of the year
1724, a party of 5 Indians entered Chester and seized upon
2 persons by the names of
Thomas Smith and John Curr.
When they had brought them
oflf about 30 miles, they bound
them and laid themselves down
to sleep.
The
prisoners seiz-
ed this opportunity to escape,
and in three days arrived safely at a
garrison in
London-
derry,
Chesterfield,
a township
county.
It was
incorporated in 1752, and in
1810, its population amounted
to 1830.
It is situated on
Connecticut river opposite to
in
Ch.;.hire
Dummerston in Vermont. It
bounded N. by Westmore-
is
land,
S. E. by
Swansey and
a part of Kecne, S. by
Win-
�6AZETTEER OF NEWHAMPSHIRE.
Chester and Hinsdale, and
W.
by Connecticut river.
This
town contains a pond of
526 acres, called Spafford^s
in the S. W. part of
the town is a port of West rivThe soil of this
er mountain.
pond^ and
town is of varioi>s qualities,
and its surface is rough. It
produces different kinds of
grain, and is well suited to
pasturing,
grass,
The
&c.
Rev. Abrahann Woccj, a congregational minister, was or<lained in this town D c. 3 1st,
1772, and is still settled there.
This town contains a baptist
society, which however is destitute of a public house of wor-
The
ship.
but
village here is small,
contains an academ)-,
it
which is supported by its tuition money, subscrip'iions, and
donations.
yearly
Its
age number of students
There
40-
also a cotton factory
is
in this town,
porated
averis
in
which was incor-
1809, ana has in op-
Besides
eration 844 spirdles.
this, there are 2 distilleries, 4
grist-mills, 7 saw-mills, 2 mills
for dressing cloth, 2 cardingmachines, 5 shops, and 10
school-houses.
West river mountain, which
is partly in this town, is of
some note. , In the year 1730,
the garrison at fort Dummer
was frequently alarmed by explosions heard from this mountain, attended by the emission
of columns of smoke. Similar phenomena have been noticed at various subsequent periods.
There are two places
about this mountain where the
99
rocks bear evident traces of
h .ving been heated imd calcined. (See Belkiiap, Vol. III.)
Chichester, a township in
Rockingham county, is bounded N. E. by Pitts-field and Epsom, S. W. by Pembroke, and
N. W. by Loudon and a part
of Concord. It was incorporated in 1727, and contains 11,978
acres
and 951 inhabitants.
Suncook river flows through the
easterl}' pat of this town, into
which xw^x a sm;dl stream
falls from the western side of
the town.
In this town are 7
water mills. The New-Hampshire turnpike passes through
here to Concord. The settle-
ment of this town was commenced by Mr. Piul Morrill
in the year 1758.
The soil of
Chichester is exct Ih ntly adapted
to the cultivation of rve, corn,
and wheat.
The only high
ground of importance here is
Bear hill, situated in the N.
part of the town, the sides of
which are covered with a rich
and cultivated
soil.
In 1801, a turnpike was cut
through the woods which then
covered
nor
There were
no houses here,
agriculture com-
this spot.
at that time
had
menced
its progress.
Since
time 12 dwelling-houses
have been .erected within the
space of 2 miles. The land is
now divided into lots and fenced,and a large portion of it is al-
that
ready improved and well cultivated.
There is only one religious society in this town,
and of this the Rev. Josiah
im
�GAZEITRER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
100
Carpenter
is
is
the minister.
He
and was
1791, and is the
a congregationalist
ordained in
only minister ever settled here.
meeting-house
the
Besides
In
there are 5 school-houses.
various parts of the town are
still to be seen traces of Indian
Marks of corn
settlements.
plantations, and the ruins of
wigwams were
easily discov-
ered on the banks of Suncook
river, and several Indian hatchets were ploughed up near the
present site of the meetinghouse by one of the first settlers, captain
Samuel
Lang-
maid.
Claremont, a township on
Connecticut river in the counIt was incorty of Cheshire.
porated in 1764, and in 1810,
it contained 2,094 inhabitants.
It is bounded N. by Cornish,
E. by Newport, S. by Unity
and Charleston, and W. by the
There are here 2 ferries
across the Connecticut extending to Weathersfield in Ver-
river.
There is 1 congregational
and 1 episcopalian society in
this place, over the former of
which Rev. S.Farley, and over
the latter Rev. C. Barber are
ordained.
Their predecessors
were the Rev. G.Wheaton, A.
Hibbert, and R. Casait.
Besides these two societies, the
methodists have here a public
s.f.
house of worship.
D. D.
Clear Stream River
the northerly extremity of Millfield.
Passing thence through
the centre of the town of Errol, it falls into Ameriscoggin
river three miles S. of Umba-
gog
lake.
COCHECHO orDoVERRlVER
has its source among a number
of small ponds in the town of
New-Durham. It thence takes
a southerly direction through
the towns of Farmington and
Rochester, where it unites with
its southern branch, called Is-
mont, called Ashley's and SumHubbard^s islner's ferries.
and^ just below Ashley's ferry
is 240 rods long and 40 wide.
Sugar river passes through
this town and supplies many
valuable mill seats, on which
are erected 3 grain-mills, 3
saw-mills, and 3 mills for
dressing cloth, 1 carding-machine, 1 paper-mill, and 1
to the
From this
inglass river.
oil-mill.
ris-
mountains on the W.
side of thetownofDixville,near
es in the
place
main stream passes through
Dover, where it falls into Newichawannock or Salmon fall
the
river, thence to Hilton's point
where
meets
southern
the
it.
From
branch
this junction
which is 8 miles
the course of this
river is rapid and never freezsea,
distant,
es.
The second NewCoLEBROOK,
a township in
Hampshire turnpike passes
from Amherst through this
Coos county.
town.
rated in 17/0, and
It
was incorpo-
now
con-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRB.
It lies
tains 325 inhabitants.
on Connecticut river 40 miles
N. of Lancaster. It is bounded N. by Stewartstown, E. by
Dixville, S. by Columbia, and
W. by the river, and contains
25,056 acres. This town is
watered by Mohawk river and
Beaver brook. It has 1 meeting-house and an orduint-d
minister.
It
contains a grain-
mill, "a saw-mill, 2
dressing cloth,
chine,
and
1
mills
for
carding-ma-
oil-mill, a distillery,
1
1 retail store.
101
Colebrook, E. by Dixville and
Erving*s location, S. by unappropriated lands and Stratford,
and W. by Connecticut river.
It contains 32,800 acres. Sims
stream and Cole brook lise in
this town and empty themselves
here into Connecticut river.
Roaring brook falls into the
same river near the lower extremity of this town.
There
are here several mountains of
a considerable size, and a number of small ponds. This town
contains 1 grist-mill, 2 saw1 mill for dressing cloth,
1 trading store, and 1 distilleThis place was formerly
ry.
mills,
Cold River
pond
in
rises in Cold-
Acworth, whence
its
most northerly branch flows,
and its most southerly flows
from Alstead. These branches
unite in Walpole, where the
main stream falls into Connecticut river.
College Lands, a tract of
land granted to the trustees of
Dartmouth
college by the state
It lies on
Connecticut river N. of Stewartstown and contains 40,960
Two streams called
acres.
Dead water and Cedar stream
pass through this tract.
It
lies 130 miles N., 9° W. from
Portsmouth.
In 1807, the
legislature in 1789.
legislature
made
to the college
another grant of land lying on
the easterly border of the state
containing 23,040 acres, equal
to 6 square miles.
This tract
lies N. 5° W., 123 miles from
Portsmouth.
Columbia, a township in
Bounded N. by
Coos county.
called
Cockburn.
Concord
is
in
Rockingham
county.
It lies on both sides
of Merrimack river, was incorporated in 1765, and now
contains 2,393 inhabitants.
It
is bounded as
follows, beginning at the junction of the Suncook and Merrimack, it runs
up the Suncook to Loudon,
thence N. 47° W. 810 rods',
and N. 21i° W. 700 rods to
Canterbury, thence on the same
course 191 rods, thence S. 72°,
W. 1370 rods across the junction of the two rivers, and by
Boscawento Hopkinton, thence
S. 20" W. 2279 rods to Bow,
thence on the same course
binding on Bow 32 rods,thence
N. 70° E. 1222 rods to Merrimack river, thence down said
river to the boundary first
mentioned. It contains 40,919
acres, 1710 of which are waThere are four ponds
ter.
in
this
town,
Turkey pondy
�GAZETTEER OF NEVV-HAMPSHIUE.
10*2
the source of Turkey river,
containing about 1000 acres,
Long pond contaimn^ about420,
Turtle pond containing about
240, and Horse-shoe pond containing about 50 acres, the waters ot which fall into the Mei'-
The Rev. Timothy
Walker was ordained in this
town in 1730, and died in
1782, aged 78 years. The Rev.
Israel Evans was ordained here
in 1789, and removed soon afThe Rev. Dr. Asa
terwards.
M'Farland is the present minrimack.
ister.
Concord is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Merrimack about 8 miles above
Hookset falls. The state legislature have for many years
held all its sessions here, and
from its central situation and
thriving back country. Concord
made
ing-houses, a spaciousmeetinghouse, 3 printing-offices, 20
and several mechanics
The village in the N.
shops.
E. part of the town contains 28
dwelling-houses, 2 stores, a
distillery, and
several mills.
The whole town contains 5
grain-mills, 8sdW-mills,4 mills
for dressing cloth, 2 cardingmachines, and a nail-factory.
The N. H, state prison is in
It is strongly built
this town.
of stone, and in November
1816, it contained ZO prisonThe first settlement of
ers.
this town commenced in 1685.
Jonathan Tyng with 19 other
persons purchased of the Indians a tract of land on both
sides of the Merrimack river,
6 miles in breadth, from Sowhegan river to Winnipiseogee lake,
stores,
and.
Mason by deed confirmed
the permanent capital of the state.
Proposals are already made for
the purchase. In August of the
same year the Indians gathered
erecting a state house here.*
families.
will probably be
One handsome
toll-bridge
Merrimack connects
town with Pembroke, an-
across the
this
other crosses the river near the
northerly extremity of the
town, over which the N. H.
turnpike passes.
The Indian name of this
town was Penacook.
granted by
When
Massachusetts
it
The
Rumford.
compact part of the town which
was
called
on the mainstreet contains about 200 dwell-
lies
principally
• These proposals were accepted by
the legislaUire in November 1816, ami
the state house is soon to be erected
of handsome stone.
and removed their
this conduct they
gave considerable alarm to
In
their English neighbours.
their corn
1
By
746, a party of Indians lay in
ambush
in this
town with an
intention to attack the people
while at public worship, but
observing them go armed to
their devotions they waited till
the next morning, at which
time they killed 5 and took "2,
prisoners.
In 1747, July 28th, the Indians again appeared in this
place and made some depredaThey
tion among the cattle.
were pursued by 50 of the English, and they retreated with
great precipitation,leaving their
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE
packs and blankets behind them.
One man only was wounded
About the same
in the arm.
time a person was killed there
who had just returned from
Cape-Breton after an absence
of two years.
On the 20th of March, 1772,
died in this town Benjamin
Rolfe.
He was one of the
who adventured their
first
lives in a land of savages with
the intention of forming an English settlement at Concord,
then called Penacook and at a
distance of nearly 40 miles
from any civilizt^d habitation.
known
the
title
employed
lord
town
life.
in the
early
The town was
Germaine,
who was
then one of the secretaries of state, and who eventually
procured for him a colo-
nels commissicJn.
ing in the British
While; serv-
army he
dis-
•overed such talents for projecting military improvements,
so much mental activity and
enterprise, and such acute discernment in practical philosophy^ that his celebrity extended through foreign countries,
and attracted the attention of
the reigning duke of Bavaria,
who
mand."
During a residence of several years in Bavaria, he was
conspicuous for his unwearied
and successful
efforts to
ame-
the condition of the
poor and particularly to annihilate the evil of common beggary by providing the beggars, (a
class of people with which that
liorate
countrj;
swarmed)
with
em-
food.
(bet-
world under
Here he
then called Rumford.
married Miss Rolfe. In 1775,
he went to England, and was
of
and economy among
under his com-
troops
George
this
part of his
discipline
the
as clerk in the office
Thompson
to the
of Connt Rumford) set-
tled in
he soon signalized himself "fey
introducing a new system of
ployment and the cheapest aliment. All this time his active
and sagacious mind suggested
a variety of improvements favourable to manufactures, domestic economy, and comfort.
He particularly improved the
construction of chimneys and
stoves, and made many interesting and beneficial experiments on heat, cookery, and
Benjamin
ter
103
oflPered
Col.
Thompson
a
preferment
in
his service,
which he accepted in 1784.
Raised by this prince to the
rank of Lieut. Gen. of horse
On his leaving the German
service the duke of Bavaria
created him a count, his title
by his own choice, was taken
from the town (Rumford)
where he spent his youth.
After leaving Bavaria count
Rumford passed most of
his
time in Great Britain, where he
received the honour of knighthood and enjoyed an uncommon share of public and private respect.
By steadily directing his extraordinary talents to the promotion of the
daily comfort and general welfare of the human family he
made every civilized being his
debtor, and, while he has re-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
104
fleeted signal honour upon his
native land, his well merited
fame has extended itself over
a large portion of the globe.
He
died in Autencil in France
in the year 1814,
Concord
in
aged
sixty.
Grafton county,
was incorporated in 1768, and
was formerly called Gunthwait.
Its
It is a flourishing town.
population has nearly doubled
within the last 10 years, and
in 1810, it amounted to 1126.
Tke value of property here
has increased with the same
It is bounded N.E.
by Littleton and Bethlehem,
S. E. by Franconia, S. W. by
Landaff, and N. W. by Lyman,
and contains 29,130 -icres.
There are here several ponds,
viz. Minksy Straters^ &c. Two
rapidity.
branches of the Great Amonoosuck meet in this town and
An iron facpass through it.
tory lies on the eastern border
of the town, adjacent to FranLarge quantities of
conia.
lime-stone are found here, and
large kilns are already erected,
in which are burnt 400 hogsheads yearly. All the iron ore,
which supplies two furnaces, is
dug from a quarry situated in
the S.E. part of the town, about
distant from the fur-
4 miles
naces.
1
There are
in this
town
meeting-house, 3 corn-mills,
5 saw-mills,
1
mill for dressing
There
and an oil-mill.
is
here a free will baptist
church, over which Elder J.
Quimby was ordained Septemcloth,
ber, 1800.
its
Connecticut River has
source among the high
which separate the
United States from Lower
Canada. One of the princi-
lands,
pal parent streams of this river
is called Indian stream, which
runs nearly in a straight line
from
its source to its junction
with the main branch.
The
most northerly branch is called Hall's stream, which, with
Perry's stream and several
others from the west, form in
conjunction one grand river
near the 50th degree of N. lati-
tude on land granted to Dartmouth college.
It has been
surveyed about 30 miles beyond the 45th degree of N. latitude to the head of its northwestern branch, and is settled
nearly all the distance to its
Its general course S.
source.
S.W. along the western border
of New-Hampshire, (between
that state and Vermont) about
170 miles, it then passes into
IVJassachusetts.
Connecticut river
in
its
course between New-Hampshire and Vermont from the
45th degree of latitude passes
between Stewartstown in NewHampshire and Canaan in Vermont, thence between Colebrook and Lexington. Here
the river bends considerably
to the E. as if to give place to
Monadnock mountain, which
shore in
lies on Lexington
receives Moopposite to this
mountain, and Jacob's brook a
Here the
few miles below.
Vermont.
hawk
river
It
�GAZETTEER OF NEWHAMPSHIRE.
river again takes a westerly
inclination and flows between
Columbia and Minchead to
Stratford opposite Brunswick
in Vermont.
At this place
Nohegan river falls into the
Connecticut from the upper extremity of Brunswick, and
Pauls stream from the lower
corner of the same town. The
river here bends to the east
on the border of Northumberland, where it receives the upper Amonoosuck, at a great
bend opposite the lower extremity of Maidstone.
From
this point its course is very
crooked to the upper part of
Lancaster, where there Is a
bridge leading to Guildhall in
Vermont. Five or six miles
below this, Israel river empties itself,
passing from Lan-
caster village falls, 3 miles above the Catbow. At Catbow
the river inclines to the west,
and passes between Dalton to
Lunenburgh, where the 15
miles falls commence.
At this
place John's riv^r empties itself from Dalton, and Neal's
brook from Lunenburgh. Here
the river makes a westerly
bend, receiving Mile's river
and passing between Litdeton
and Concord, where there is a
bridge built over the falls. It
has thence a southerly course
between Bath and Rigate,
where the Great Amonoosuck
empties itself at the lower extremity of Bath opposite the
mouth of Wells river, which
passes from Newbury, Vermont. Between Haverhill and
Newbury, the river is crook-
14
105
ed, passing under three bridges, and
rtceiving Oliverian
river from the east and a small
stream from the west at the
Great Ox-bow. As it thence
flows between Piermont and
Bradford, it receives two large
miil-streams and Wait's river
from the
latter place,
and two
small mill-streams from the
former.
It thence passes on
through Orford and Fairlee,
Lyme and Thelford to Grant's
island near the line of Windsor
A
county, Vermont.
bridge
over the falls just below Dart-
mouth college unites the towns
of Hanover and Norwich, and
another bridge four or five
miles below, near the mouth of
Mascomy
river from NewHampshire and White river
from Vermont, connects the
towns of Lebanon, N. H. and
Hartford, Vt. Between Plainfield and Hartland is a small
island
calle
!
Hart's
island,
where Queechy river and Lull's
brook empty themselves from
Vermont. From Hart's island
the river keeps nearly a straight
between Cornish and
Windsor, till it reaches the
mouth of Sugar river at Cl.reTwo very good millmont.
streams empty themselves from
Windsor and several from
course
Weathersfield opposite ClareThe mouth of Sugar
river is several miles below
Asculrey mountain^
As the
river flows on between Charleston and Springfield, it receives
mont.
Black river from the latter
town and Williams river from
Rockingham. It thence pass-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
lOii
es between Walpole and the
lower part of Rockingham,
where the great falls commence, now known by the ap-
flows along the lower extremity of Walpole, from which
town Cold river empties it-
The
and from Westminster,
which lies opposite, Sexton riv-
width of the river above them
is at some point 22 rods, at
er falls in with several other
small streams.
It thence pass-
pellation of Bellows' falls.
more than 16. The
average depth of the channel
is about 25 feet, and is generally well supplied with water.
It is said, however, that ia
September, 1792, after a severe
drought, the waters of this river passed within a space of
twelve feet wide and two and a
large rock
half feet deep.
here divides the stream into
two channels, each about nineWhen the water
ty feet wide.
is low, the eastern channel is
dry, being crossed by a bar of
At such times
solid rock.
the whole stream falls into the
western channel, where it is
contracted to the breadth of
fefteen feet, and flows with asothers not
A
There are
tonishing rapidity.
several pitches within the distance of half a mile above
each other, the largest of which
is that, where the rock divides
Notwithstanding
the stream.
the violence of the current
here, the salmon pass up the
falls and are taken many miles
above, but the shad do not pass
falls.
In 1784, a
bridge of timber, constructed
by Col, Hale was projected
beyond the
falls 365 feet in
This bridge was supported by the great central
rock, and under it the highest
floods pass without doing injuThe river from this place
ry.
over
these
length.
self,
es
Westmoreland which
lies
opposite to Putnam and Dummerston, thence it flows by
Chesterfield situated opposite
to Brattleborough, where it receives
Wantoostilqueck
of
West
river.
Between
Hins-
New-Hampshire and
Hinsdale in Vermont is a remarkable bend, where Ashuedale in
empties itself. The
Connecticut a few miles below
this point passes over the S.
line of New- Hampshire into
Massachusetts.
Its passage
through the county of Hampshire waters some of the most
pleasant towns in the commonwealth, such as
Springfield,
Hadley, Northampton, &c. It
thence enters the limits of
Connecticut, passes over Enfield falls, thence to Windsor,
lot river
it receives Windsor ferry river, thence to Hartford,
where it meets the tide and flows
in a crooked channel into Long
At the distance
Island sound.
of 130 miles from its mouth, its
width is from 80 to 100 rods.
The whole length of this beau-
where
bordered on each
banks with some of the
most flourishing towns in the
Throughout
United States.
its whole course, it preserves a
distance of between 80 and
too miles from the sea. The
whole distance of this mag-
tiful river is
of
its
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
nificettt
to
stream from its month
above oOOiHilrs.
its soiiice is
The
celebrated
American
poet,
Barlow, thus compliments
Ha watery gleams through happier
JTor drinks the sea a loreJier
villas
wave than
CoNTOocooK, a very
river in
erable
it
shine—
thine,
consid-
Hillsborough
Great Monadnock mountain in
andRindge,and its most
northerly branch flows from
Danbury, Wilmot, &c. at a disJafFrey
more than
each
from
fifty
miles
These
other.
streams after receiving tribute
from almost every pond and
spring in Dublin, Peterborough,
Nelson, Stoddard, WashingFishersfield, Bradford,
ton,
Hillsborough, Antrim, WarNew-London,
Sutton,
ner,
Salisbury, Boscawen, and several other towns, form a junction in the northerly corner of
Hopkinton. The main stream
passing easterly from this place
8 or 9 miles falls into the
Merrimack between Concord
The Contooand Boscawen.
cook is a very rapid river and
at a distance of 10 or 12 miles
from
its
wide.
mouth
is
Just before
itself into
branches
the
itself
100 yards
it
empties
Merrimack
ber, being fatigued
and apprehending no danger laid them-
down
selves
to
sleep.
The
woman
;
Its most southerly
county.
branch has its rise near the
tance of
107
it
and forms an
which has some celebrispot where a
Mrs. Dustin performed a very
This woman
heroic exploit.
had been captured by the Indians in Haverhill, Massachuisland,
ty as being the
setts,and carried to this island.
The Indians, 8 or 10 in num-
seized one of their
tomahawks and with it killed
and scalped the whole party,
took their canoe and returned
down the river to Haverhill.
She afterwards carried the
Boston and was liberrewarded.
scalps to
ally
Conway, a township situated in the N. E. corner of Strafford county. It was incorporated in 1715, and 1810 it
contained 1080 inhabitants. It
is bounded N. by Chatham and
Bartlett, E. by the line of the
District of Maine, which separates it from Fryburgh, S. by
Eaton, and W. b)' Burton and
Hale's grant, containing 34,7'28
It was called by the InPigrvackeU
small
part of Walker* s pond and Little Pi^xvacket pond lie
in this
town. The latter is about 1 75
rods in diameter.
Saco river passes through
this town, where it receives
Swift river and several oilier
small streams. The Rev. Mr.
Porter was ordained here in
1778, and still continues the
minister of the place.
Conway
has 3 religious societies and 2
meeting-houses.
It contains
4 corn-mills, 5 saw-mills, 1
mill for dressing cloth, 2 carding-machines, ,3
distilleries,
acres.
A
dians,
and 3
retail stores.
Coos County is bounded S.
by the counties of Grafton
and Strafford, E. by' the Dis-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
108
of Maine, N. by Lower
Canada, and W. by Connecti-
trict
cut river.
composed of
It is
22 towns, 5 locations, and a
large tract of unlocated land.
In 1810 it contained 3,991 inhabitants, of which 628 were
It contained at
rateable polls.
th. I time 262 horses, 37 four
yc trs old, 47 thrt:e ye-rs old,
503 oxen,
49 two years old
;
231 four years old, 1,383 ccws,
637 three years old cattle, and
13 Oiules,
674 two years old
and 1 jack. This county comj
prises
acres of land
128,662
and water S. of latitude 45*>
and N. of that latitude it conLancaster is the shire town
of this county, and was incorporated as early as 1763. The
county prison is here, and an
academy which was incorpoin 1808.
Coos county has 12 meetinghouses, 20 grist-mills, 27 sawmills, 5 mills for dressmg
cloth, 3 carding machines, 11
stores, and 6 dhstilleries, &c.
It stnds 27 members to the
rated
The
state legislature.
court
for
superi-
county of
county is held
the
Grafton and
this
at Huyerhill
and Plymouth
al-
ternately on the 4th Tuesday
of December, and the court of
common picas is held at Lancastiir
ou the 4th Tuesday of
May.
Croydon.
In this town are a congregaand episcopalian society, and a meetinghouse for each. In 1768, the
tionalist, baptist,
Welman was ordained
and removed in 1785.
The Rev. J. Rowel and P.
Kindreck are the present ministers.
This town contains 4
grain-mills, 10 saw-mills, 2
mills for dressing cloth, 2
carding-machines,and 4 stores.
Rev.
Cheshii-f-
a
J.
Coventry, a township in
Grafton county, bounded N.
by Landaff, E. by Peeling, S.
by Warner, and W. by Haverhill, containing 33,290 acres.
It was incorporated in 1764,
and its number of inhabitants
in 1810, was 162.
Moose-hillock and Owl-head mountains
art in this town.
Branches
and Oliverian brooh^ Baker*s
river^ and Wild Amonoosuck
Coi)take their rise here.
entry contains 2 grist-mills
and
Cornish,
A
bridge crosses the
Connecticut from this town to
Windsor. The line adjoining
Croydon p.^sses over Croydon
mountain. Governor's moun-"
tain is situated nearly between
the bridge and the road to
cres.
here
tains 160,353 acres.
or
Plainfield, E. by Croydon, S.
by Claremont, and W. by
Connecticut river, which separates it from Windsor in Vermont. It contains 23,160 a-
township
1
saw-inill.
in
-lunty was incorpo-
rated in 1763, and its population in 1810, amounted to
1600.
It is bounded N. by
Croydon, a township in the
county of Cheshire, was inIts numcorporated in 1713.
ber of inhabitants
is
862.
It
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
is bounded N. by New-Grantham and a corner of Spring-
E. by Springfield and
Wendall, S. by Newport, and
W. by Cornfsh, and contains
26,000 acres.
Croydon mountain extends
field,
in
a
direction
northeasterly
through this town from its
southwestern extremity. On
this mountain are two small
ponds.
Its soil is moist and
rocky, and produces excellent
grass, besides wheat, rye,corn,
109
Blake* s pond forms its E. corner bound. Dalton contains a
meeting-house, 3 corn-mills, 2
saw-mills, and
ing cloth.
1
mill for dress-
Danburt, situated in Grafton county 6 or 8 miles from
Merrimack
river.
corporated in
tains
^'itS
It
was
in-
1795, and con-
inhabitants.
It
is
bounded N.E. by Alexandria,
S. E. by New-Chester, S. W.
butter,
by the line of Hillsborough
county which separates it from
Wilmot, and N. W. by a corner of Orange. It contains
cheese, &c.
Croydon turnpike
passes nearly through the centre of this town.
There are
several small ponds in this
Smith''s river
19,031 acres.
waters this town and the Grafton turnpike leads through its
western extremity to Orford
town, which supply some of
the minor branches of Sugar
river, on which streams are erected 4 corn-mills, 5 saw-
bridge.
&c.
The
principal
which
this
town sends
ket, are
mills,
1
beef,
articles
pork,
to
mar-
DARTMOUTHCoLLEGE(Vide.
Hanover.)
mill for dressing cloth,
and a carding- machine. There
is in this town a house of public worship in which a congregational minister officiates.
Deerfield, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated in 1766.
In 1810 it
contained 1851 inhabitants. It
bounded N. by Northwood,
by Candia, E. by Nottingham, and W. by Allenstown
and Epsom, and contains 23,
254 acres. Pleasant pond is
is
S.
D.
Dalton, a township in Coos
county, containing 235 inhabitants.
It is
bounded
N.W. by
Connecticut river at the great
opposite Lunenburgh in
Vermont, N. E, by Lancaster
and Whitefield, S.E.by Whitefield, and S.W. by Littleton or
falls
Grafton line.
16,455 acres.
the
It contains
jfohn's river
crosses the
northerly part of the town, and
situated in the
northerly part
about a mile
in length and half a mile in
There are here severwidth.
al other smaller ponds, one of
which is the source of the western branch of Lamprey river,
the northern branch of which
passes from North wood and
unites with the western near
The
the centre of Deerfield.
of this town and
is
�no
GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
soil of this town is for the most
part fertile, producing the various kinds of grain and grass
in
to
near the S. E.
abundance.
Eliphalet Smith was the first
ordained minister in this town
and ramoved soon after the revolutionary war. His success-
or was the Rlv. Timothy Upham, who died in the year
1811, and w^as succeeded by
the Rev. Nathaniel Wells.
is also a baptist church
increasing in numbers under the
pastoral care of Elder Peter
Young. Each of these societies has its house of public
At the part of this
worship.
town called the parade there is
a pleasant village of 15 or 20
houses, a small academy, several stores, mechanics' shops,
&c. Deerji eld contains 4 grainmills, 4 saw-mills, 2 mills for
dressing cloth, 1 carding-machine, 1 oil-mill, and 13 schoolThe average yearly
houses.
number of deaths in this town
since 1802, has been a^iout 20.
The present year an epidemic
fever prevailed of which about
20 persons died.
Formerly, moose were plenIn
ty in and about this town.
1767, Mr. Josiah Prescott killad four within a short time
near the same spot.
There
Dead River
Dimond river and falls inthe Margallaway river on
the easterly side of the state,
with
rises
in
the
northerly part of a tract of
land granted to Gilmanton and
After
Atkinson academies.
passing through those lands in
a number of streams and
also through lands granted to
Dartmouth college, it unites
Weniworth's
of
extremity
location.
DeerIng, a township in
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1779.
Its population
in 1810 was 1363. Itisbounded
N.
Henniker and Hillsbor-
i)y
ough, E. by Weare, W. by the
southerly branch of Contoocook river which divides this
town from Antrim, and S.
by Francestown and GreenIt contains 20,057 acres.
Pecker's pond^ in this town, is
180 rods long and 50 wide and
forms the source of the northerly branch of Piscataquog river.
The 2d New-Hampshire turnpike pusses through the southwesterly part of this town. The
Rev. William Sleigh is the setminister of the place.
tled
There is here 1 meeting-house,
2 corn-mills, 1 saw-mill, 1
carding-maclothing-n\ill, 2
field.
chines,
1 distillery,
and 2 trad-
ing shops.
DiMOND River.
Its
branch has
rise
terly
its
wesin a
pond of that name in Stewartstown. Thence its course is
through Dixville, and after receivingisome tributary streams
from the lands granted to Dartmouth college, it empties itself
into
Dead
from the
river
which flows
easterly part of those
lands.
Dixville, a township
Coos county? incorporated
in
in
�Gx\ZETTEER OF NEW-HMMPSIIIRE.
1805, and in 1810, containing
It is bounded
12 inhabicants.
N. by the college lands and
lands gr.ntc^d to GilmanK>n
and Atkinson academies, E.by
the second grant to Dartmouth
Wentworth's locaand Erving's location, and W. by
Columbia,Colebrook,and Stew-
college and
tion, S.
by
iViillsfield
31,023
western border is a ridge of. mountains,
from which flow several ponds
forming the sources of two rivers, viz. Clear stream and Dimond river. This town contains
artstown.
acres.
It contains
Near
its
a grist-mill and a saw-mill.
Dorchester, a township in
Grafton county, incorporated
in 1761, and containing 537 inIt is bounded N.
by Wentworth, E. by Groton,
S. by Dame's Gore, which separates it from Canaan , and
W. by Lyme, and contains 23,
There are two
617 acres.
large ponds in this town, viz.
Slowri's pond, which is 500
rods long and 450 wide, and
Foxvler^s pond, which is 300
rod's long and 250 wide. The
habitants.
southerly branch of Baker's
river flows through the eastern
part of this town, and a branch
of the Mascemy passes its
western part.
large mountain lies near its S.E. extremi-ty, and another called Smart^s
mountain in the N. W. part of
the town. Dorchester contains
A
3 mills.
ed at the head of the tide on
Cochecho. It was incorporated
in 1633, and in 1810 it contained 2,228 inhabitants.
It is
bounded N. E. by Somersworth, S.E. by Piscataqua river, S.W. by Madbury, and N.
W. by Rochester and a corner
of Barrington
it comprises
15,112 acres. Cochecho river
flows through the whole length
of this town, and Bellamy hank
through its S. E. extremity.
turnpike road passes from
the compact part of this town
through Somersworth to Berwick in Maine.
The Indians called this place
WinJchahanat and Cochecho,
;
A
and the first settlers named
it Northam.
Its public buildings con&ist of two houses
for public worship, one for
congregationalists and one for
quakers, a court-house, printand a bank,
which was incorporated in
There is a handsome
1803.
village, containing about 70
houses, 18 stores, several offices, and mechanic shops.
packet boat, while the river is
open, passes from this town to
Portsmouth, every day except
Sundays.
Dover contains S
grain-mills, 2 saw-mills, 2 mills
for dressing cloth, 2 cardingmachines, an oil-mill, and n
woollen factory. The Revs.
John Reyner, John Pike, Nicholas Seaver, Jonathan Cushing,
Jeremiah Belknap have successively been the ministers of
ing-ofiice, a gaol,
A
this
Dover, a considerable township in Strafford county^ situat-
Ill
place.
Clary
tor.
is
The Rev.
their
J.
present
W,
pas-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMFSHIRE,
112
Edward and William Hilcame over from London
and commenced the settlement
ton
of this township in 1623. In
1630, they obtained a patent
from the council at Plymouth
conveying to them that place
on the Piscataqua, known by
name of Hilton's point, together with a tract 3 miles
wide extending up the S.side ot
the river as far as Swamscot
falls (now Exeter.) Within this
the
tract are
now comprised
the
Durham,
of Dover,
Stratham, a part of NewingIn 1633,
ton and Greenland.
that beautiful neck of land
(now Dover) was surveyed
meetand incorporated.
ing-house was at the same time
erected there and surrounded
with intrenchmentfj, the traces
of which are still visible.
In the year 1675, immediately after the invasion of Durham, a large body of the eastern Indians negociated a peace
with Maj. Waldron at Dover,
but, as the war had not ceased
in the south, many of the Indians from that quarter mingled with their brethren of the
towns
A
and under the
false apof friendship contrived to sow the seeds of fresh
In a short time
hostilities.
east,
pearances
captiiins Joseph Syll and William Hawthoirte were ord.!;red
to march eastward in pursuit of
On
these insidious enemies.
their march they arrived at
Dover on the 6th of September,
1676, where they found 400 Indians assembled at the house of
Maj. Waldron, most of whom
were of the peace party and wh«
regarded him as a benefactor
and friend. The two captains
would have attacked this body
immediately, having orders
to seize all Indians who had
joined in the war.
Maj. Waldron dissuaded them from this,
and planned the following
stratagem.
He proposed to
the whole Indian party a training and sham-fight after the
English
custom.
He
then
formed another party consisting of his own men and those
under Capt. Frost of Kittery.
Having diverted the Indians
and permitted
a short time
them to fire the first volley, he
made
a dexterous movement
they
could un-
ajid before
derstand
his
intentions
sur-
whole body,
seized and disarmed them
without shedding blood on eiThey were immether side.
diately separated. Wonolancet,
with thePenacook tribe who had
rounded
their
made peace
ter,
the preceding win-
were amicably dismissed,
but the strange Indians (as
they were called,) to the number of 200 were secured and
sent to Boston. Seven or eight
of them who had been guilty of
former murders were hanged,
and the rest were sold as slaves
The Indians
discharged by Waldron, regarded his conduct as a
breach ef faith and swore against him eternal and implacable revenge.
In 1689, after a lapse of 13
years since Waldron's stratagem, during wliich time the
in foreign parts.
who were
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMI'SHIRE.
400 Indians who were dismissed bad not suffered their rage
against him to cool, and many
of those, who had been sold into slavery, having escaped and
and that there was no danger."
The plot which was concerted was, that two squaws should
go to each of the garrisoned
houses and ask leave to lodge
by the fire, and that in the
night, when all the men were
asleep, they should open the
doors and gates and give the
signal by a whistle,
upon
which the strange Indians, who
were within hearing were to
rush in and gratify their long
meditated revenge.
The plan having been thus
arranged, on the evening of the
27th of Juhqiftwo squaws applied to each of the garrisons
for lodging, as was not unusual
in time of peace, and they
were admitted to all but young
returned home with a burning thirst for revenge, entered into a confederacy to surprize the major and his neighbours, with whom the former
party had been living on terms
of peace and friendship.
In that part of Dover situated near the first falls in the
river Cochecho, there were
five
garrisoned houses, Waldron's, Otis', and Heard's, the
two others(Coffin's and his sons)
were on the south side of the
These houses were surriver.
rounded with timber walls, the
gates of which as well as the
doors of the houses were secured with bolts and bars.
Coffin's house.
taught by their
inhabitants,
to open the doors in case
they should wish to go out
during the night. Mesandowit
was then in Waldron's garrison and hospitably entertained
there as he had often been be-
scrutinized
with attention those wooden
fortifications.
Some
intima-
tions of mischievous plots
had
been given by certain squaws,
but in such an ambiguous manner as not to be comprehended.
Many of Waldron's men
had early apprehensions, but
he laughed at their fears and
-told them to " plant their
pumpkins and he would take
care of the Indians." The very evening before the alarm he
was informed by a young man,
that the town was full of Indians and the people very uneasy, but he answered, " that
•the Indians behaved very well
15
They were
own request
how
The Indians, as they passfed
through the town, trading with
the
113
The squaws told the
major that a number of Indians were coming to trade
with him the next day and
Mesandowit, while at supper,
fore.
,
;
in his
manner
Waldron what
usual familiar
said, " Brother
should you do, if the strange
Indians should come." The
major carelessly replied that he
would assemble one hundred
men by the motion of his hand.
In this unsuspecting confidence the family retired to
rest.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE:
114
In the stillness of midnight
the gates were opened and the
signal was given. The Indians
immediately entered, stationed a guard at Waldron's door,
and rushed into his Apartment,
which was one of the inner
rooms. Awakened by the tumult the major sprang from
his bed, and though now burdened with the weight of 80
rcafcs,
he retained so
much
of
his youthful vigour as to drive
them with his sword through
two or three doors, but as he
returning for his other
arms, they levelled him with a
blow from behind which left
him senseless. Having dragged Jiim into his hall, they
placed kim in an elbow chair
upon a long table, and insultingly asked him, *' who shall
be the judge of Indians now."
They then compelled the people in the house to provide
th-^m food, and when they had
finished their repast they cruelly inflicted gashes on different parts of Waldron's body,
saying, " we thus cross out our
account ;" till at last exhausted with loss of blood he was
•was
from the
falling
table,
when
one of the Indians, holding his
own sword under him, in this
manner
relieved
him from
his
They also put to death his
son in law Abraham .Lee, but
made captive his daughter and
several others, and then having
fire.
next
sanoie
it
Otis' garrison,which
on
was
Waldron's, met the
Otis himself with
fate.
to
Elder Wentworth was
awakened by the noise. He
tering.
repelled those who first entered, and falling upon his back,
he kept the door closed with
his feet,
till
he had given the
Two
balls were fired
through the door, but missed
him.
Coffin's house was also
alarm.
attacked, but as the
Indians
had no particular enmity
and
a-
him they spared him
gainst
family and contented
themselves with pillage. Having found a bag of money they
his
compelled him to throw it in
handfulls on the floor, while
they amused themselves in a
scramble for it.
They then
proceeded to the house of his
son who had refused to admit
the squaws, and promising him
quarter they summoned him to
surrender. He withstood their
offers and resolved to defend
his house, but the Indians
brought forward his father and
threatened to put
Filial
affection
him to death.
overwhelmed
courage and he surrender-
his
They put both families
a deserted house, intending to make prisoners of them,
ed.
into
sufferings.
plundered the house set
several others were put to
death, and his wife and|children -w^ere taken prisoners.
Heard's garrison was saved by
the barking of a dog at the
moment the Indians were en-
but they all escaped while the
Indians were engaged in their
work of plunder.
In this affair 23 people were
killed
Five
and 29 made
captive.
or six dwelling-houses
together with the mills were
^
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
burned, and so rapid were the
Indians in their operations,
that they escaped with their
prisoners and booty befon; the
people could collect from the
town to oppose them as they
passed by Heard's garrison in
their retreat, they fired upon it,
but the people within having
resolved to defend it, and the
enemy being in haste it was
saved.
The preservation of
;
its
owner was
still
more
re-
Elizabeth Heard
markable.
with her three sons and a
daughter and several other persons were returning in the
night from Portsmouth. They
passed up the river in their
boats unperceived by the Indians who then had possession
of the garrisons. Apprehending danger from some noise,
which they heard, they landed
and bent their steps to Waldron's garrison, where they
observed lights, which they
supposed were held out to
those who were seeking refuge.
They knocked and entreated
admission, but no answer being given, one of the party ascended the wall, and to his astonishment and alarm, saw an
Indian stationed with his gun
at the door of the house. Mrs.
Heard in the agony of fright
power to escape, but
sh6 implored her children to
fty and save themselves, they
heavy hearts.
left her with
She soon recovered herself and
crept into some bushes and
there lay concealed till daylight, at which time she perceived an Indian approaching
lost all
115
toward her with a pistol in his
hand, who looked in her face
He immf.direturned and looked at
her again. She then spoke to
him, but without making any
answer, he went off and she
saw no more of him.
She
continued in her concealment
till the conflagration was over
and the Indians were gone.
She then went to her house
and found n. safe.
This wonderful preservation of Mrs.
Heard was a remarkable display of the power of gratitude in an Indian.
At the
time of Waldron's stratagem
in 1675^ a young Indian escaped and took refuge in her
house. In return for her kindness in concealing
him he
promised that he would never
in an}^ future war, injure her
or any of her family.
This
Indian was known to be the
one who found her concealed
on this eventful night.
On th« 25th of January,
1691, a young man in the
woods near Dover was fired
upon by a party of Indians.
Lieut. Wilson immediately assembled a body of 18 men and
went in pursuit of the aggressand went away.
ately
ors.
He
succeeded
in
his
search and killed qr wounded
the whole party except one.
This caused a temporary
ror
ter-
among
the Indians, but its
effects soon ceased.
On the 26th of July, 1696,
the people of Dover were attacked as they were returning
from public worship. Three
of them were killed and three
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
116
carried to Penobscot, who afterwards escaped and returned
home. In August, 1704, a
man by the name of Giles was
killed, and the people were again waylaid on their return
from meeting. In 1706, William Pearl and Nathaniel Tibbets were killed, and in 1710,
Jacob Garland met the same
In May, 1724, a party of 13
Mohawks marked the house- of
a Quaker by the name of Hanson for plunder, and they lay
several days in ambush waiting lor the favourable moment
of attack. While Hanson with
his eldest daughter were absent
Quaker meeting and
at a
two
eldest sons
his
were working
Indians
entered his house, killed and
scalped two small children, and
made captive his wife, her infant and its nurse, two daughters and a son.
The next
spring Hanson redeemed his
wife, the three young children
and the nurse, but could not
obtain his daughter, although
he was permitted to visit her.
He made a second attempt in
1727, but died at Crown Point
in a distant field, the
fate.
In the spring of 1711, this
town was again attacked by
the Indians, and several people
as they were returning from
meeting fell into an ambush.
John Horn was wounded and
Humphrey Fass was taken
prisoner
but by the resolute
;
courage of Lieut. Heard he
was recovered from the hands
of the enemy. In April,1712,
ensign Tuttle was killed, and
in the July following an ambush was discovered, but the
While the
people were absent in pursuit
of them, two cb^ildren of John
Waldron's were taken and
were cruelly put to death. Al-
enemy escaped.
though there was no man at
the time in Heard's garrison, a
woman who was stationed as
guard called for help with such
a resolute and commanding
voice that the Indians supposed the men were near and they
therefore departed without doing farther mischief.
On the 29th of August, 1723,
the Indians again made their
appearance at Dover, where
they surprised the house of Joseph Ham, whom they put to
death, and three of whose children thev carried off.
on
his
The
journey
to
Canada.
afterwards married a
Frenchman and never returngirl
ed.
In
September, 1725, while
the people were absent at work
in a neighbouring field, a party
ofIndians concealed themselves
in a barn in preparation for an
attack.
Two women passed
by the barn at that moment,
and had just arrived at the garrison, when the Indians com-
menced
firing.
They
killed
two men of the name of
Evans and wounded another
slightly
in
his
breast.
The
Indians, supposing from the
copiousness of his bleeding
that he was dead, proceeded to
He bore
without betraying any signs of life, and thus
strip
and scalp him.
this operation
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
he continued the appearance of
death while thc-y struck him
many blows with their guns and
departed, supposing that they
had despatched him. He then
arose and walked back naked
and bleeding to the garrison.
Fainting with his wounds, he
droppt-d at the feet of one of
his friends who met him and
who
carried him to his house.
recovered and lived fifty
years afterwards. The Indians
also at that time carried off to
Canada a lad of the name of
Evans, who was afterwards re-
He
deemed.
A
female of the
Christina,
name of
who was born
at
the year 1688, was
carried captive with her mother
to Canada soon after the destruction of Dover by the In-
Dover
in
dians. In Canada she was educated in the Roman Catholic
faith, and she was there marriUpon the death of her
ed.
husband she became very anxious to revisit the land of Jier
nativity, and an exchange of
prisoners taking place in 1714,
she returned and married Capt.
Thomas Baker, then of North-
She renounced the
Catholic religion and removed
to Dover, where she lived a
bright example of piety, and
died on the 23d of Februa-
ampton.
The number
of her
posterity of three generations
was 72, of whom 57 survived
ry, 1773.
her.
On the 25th of June, 1773,
died the Hon. George Guage
in the 72d yeai of his age.
Having distinguished himself
iir
and patriot
most important public
as a philanthropist
in the
stations, he received the high-
honours in the gift of his
country. He was several times
a member of the general assembly of the province, and a
colonel of the 2d regiment of
est
which was particularly
exposed during the war. On
the establishment of the county of Strafford, he was appointed the first judge of probate a
few months before his death.
In May, 1770, died Friend
Joseph Estes in the 74th year
militia,
of his age, who for a period
of 40 years was a public
speaker in the quaker meetings at Dover and elsewhere.
He was universally respected
and lamented.
In 1772, died Howard Henderson at the advanced age of
more than 100 years. He was
present at the capture of Gibraltar from the Spaniards in
1704.
The annual average
number of deaths in this town
from 1767
The
to
1815,hasbeen 19.
largest
number was 50
8.
During
and the smallest
the above period thirty died between the ages of 70 and 80,
six between 90 and 100, and
one over 100.
Dublin,
a township in Chesmcorporatedin 1761, and
now containing 1184 inhabitants.
It is bounded N. by
Nelson and Hancock, S. by
Jaffrev, E. by Peterborough,
and W. by Marlborough and a
part of Roxbury, and contains
26,560 acres, 600 of which are
hire,
�GAZETTEER OF NEAV-IIAMPSHIRE.
118
water. Centre pond^ a few rods
S. W. of the meeting-house, is
300 rods in length and 160 in
North pond is alx>ut
width.
400 rods long and 140 wide.
There are also several smaller
ponds
in this place.
A
branch
of the Ashuelot river and two
branches of the Contoocook have
The formConnecticut,
their rise in Dublin.
er falls
the
into
and the latter into the Merrimack. In the southerly part
of this town is situated the
grand Monadnock mountain.
Dublin has 6 corn-mills, 8 saw1 mill for dressing cloth,
carding-machine, a distille-
mills,
1
ry,
and
The
11 school-houses.
minister here was
the Rev. Joseph Farrar, a eongregationalist, who was ordained on the 10th of June^ 1772,
first
and dismissed in June, 17/ff.
Rev. Edward Sprague, the present minister, was settled over
the same church inl 777. There
is also a baptist church here,
over which Elder Elijah Willard was ordained in 1794.
Each of theae societies has a
meeting-house. Dublin is composed of two small villages besides
many
scattered houses.
DuMMER, a
township in Coos
county.
It was incorporated
in 1773, and now contains only
20 inhabitants. It is bounded
N. by Millsfield, E. by Cambridge, S. by Paulshurgh, and
W. by Kilkenny and some ungranted lands, and contains
27,562 acres. The Ameriscoggin and Amonoosuck river§bpth pass through this town.
There
is
here
1
saw-mill and
T
grist-mill.
DuMMER Fort.
(See Hins-
dale.)
Dumbarton, a township of
an elevated situation in Hillsborough county, bounded N.
and N. E. by Hopkinton and
Bow, E. by Merrimack river,
S. by Goffstown, and W. by
Weare, containing 20,966 acres.
It was incorporated in
1765, and in 1810 its population was 1256. There are here
four small ponds, viz. Purgatorij^ Woodbury^ Long'^znd Gorham ponds ; the waters of all
which fail into the Merrimack.
This town is connected with
Chester by a bridge thrown
over the Isle of Hookset Falls,
by which the Londonderry
turnpike passes the river. The
Rev. W. Harris was ordained
here in 1789, and is the present
minister.
There are in thia
town 1 meeting-house, 2 gristmills, and 7 saw-mills.
DuNSTABLE,a township lying
southeasterly extremity
of Hillsborough county.
It
was incorporated in 1746, and
in 1810 it contained 1049 inin the
habitants.
It
is
bounded N.
by Merrimack, E. by Merrimack river, which separates it
from Nottingham West^ S. by
the statt: line, which divides it
from Dunstable in Massachusetts, and W. by Hollis, and
comprises 18,878 acres.
At
this place
Nashua
ties itself into the
river empMerrimack,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
forming
an
place called
island
and
the
Nashua mouths.
Pennychuck brook constitutes
northern boundary of the
the
town.
The former
ministers in this
have been the Rev.
Messrs. Swan and Kidder.
At present the Rev. Mr. Sperplace
ry
is
settled here.
The
princ-
10
dwelling-houses and 2 stores.
About a mile below at the
place called the harbour there
are nearly as many more buildipal village consists of 8 or
119
wacketonthe upper part of the
river Saco, where a formidable
tribe had once inhabited and
now occasionally resided. Lovell had with hina 46 men including a chaplain and a surgeon.
of them having lamed
themselves, returned home,and
another falling sick,his companions built a stockadefort on the
west side of the great Ossipee
pond and left him at this place
with the surgeon and 8 others
The remaining
for a guard.
Two
parties,
who were
Indian
prowling upon our frontiers.
Two men having been missed
from this town, a scouting par-
34 now pursued their march
northward about 22 miles
from the fort to a pond, on the
east side of which they encamped.
Early the next day, while
at their morning devotions,
they heard the report of a gun
and discovered a single Indian
spatched
ty consisting of 11 Avere dein search of them.
on a point of land which pro-
They were
jected
ings.
In former years
among others
this
town
suffered from the
attacked by the
Indians and 9 of them were
killed,
and the surviving 2
escaped badly wounded.
At
a subsequent period another
party from this town fell into
an ambush, but the enemy not
having an equal force retreated
leaving 1 killed and 4 woundIn 1 724, a volunteer comed.
pany under the command of
Capt. Lovell was raised from
town and became alike remarkable for its success and
this^
misfortunes.
Its first expedition was to the northward
of lake Winnipiseogee where
they killed 1 of the enemy and
made 1 prisoner. In 1725,
its
Capt. Lovell marched from
Dunstable with the design of
attacking the villages of Pig-
more than
a mile distant st^nd
into
the pond.
They
had been alai-med the preceding night by noises, which they
supposed came from the enemy, and their suspicions were
now
confirmed.
They
believ-
ed that the Indian they saw
was stationed to decoy them,
and that the body of his companions was
in their front.
A
consultation was held and they
resolved to march forward, and
by surrounding the pond to
command the point where they
observed the Indian. In preparation for action they threw
off their packs and were obliged to leave them without a
In their march they
a
carrying
place,
through which two parties containing 41 Indians, commandguard.
crossed
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
120
ed by Pagus and Waha, who
had been scouting down Saco
river and were now returning
to their lower village. Having
discovered Lovell's track, they
followed it till they came to the
packs, which they seized, and
upon counting them found the
force of their enemies to be
They
smaller than their own.
accordingly stationed themselves in ambush in preparaThe Indian,
tion to attack.
who had been seen on the
point and was now returning to
the village by another path
met Lovell's party and was fired upon. He returned the fire
and wounded Lovell and one
of his companions with small
shot.
Lieut. Wyman then lev-
him and killed him
and took his scalp. Discovering no other signs of the eneelled
my,
at
Lovell's party then return-
ed to the spot where they had
left their
packs.
While they
were searching for them, the
Indians rose from their ambush
and rushed upon them with a
frightful yelling.
A brisk
fir-
ing then ensued on both sides.
Gapt. Lovell with eight others
were killed, and Lieut. Farwell
was wounded. Several of the
Indians fell also ; but as they
were superior in number to
Lovell's party and their intention being discovered, the latter retreated with the hope of
sheltering themselves behind a
rocky point and a few large
trees on the shore.
In this
forlorn condition they took
their station.
was a brook
On
their right
at that
time un-
fordable ; on their left was the
point of rocks ; their front was
partly covered by a deep bog,
and the pond was in their rear.
The enemy immediately opened a galling fire upon their
front and flanks, and could they
have used
this advantage skilmight have killed or
captured the whole of our party, who were destitute of provisions and cut off from re-
fully they
treat.
Under
the
command
of Lieut. Wyman they continued their fire and retained
their courage the whole day,
in the course of which their
chaplain,Jonathan Erie, ensign
Robbins, with one other person were mortally wounded.
The Indians made signs to
them to surrender by holding
up ropes, endeavouring at the
same time to intimidate them
by horrid yells.
Our people
were resolved to die rather
than surrender, and by a well
directed fire the ranks of the
enemy were thinned and their
yells became fainter.
At the
close of the day the Indians
abondonod their advantageous
ground carrying with them
thrir killed and wounded and
leaving the bodies of Lovell and
his comp.inions unscalped.
The
surviving remnant of our brave
countrymen found three of
their number unable to move
from the spot and eleven others of the wounded, who had
still strength enough to march,
and nine only who were uninjured.
It was an agonizing
necessity to abandon their dying companions, but there was
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
no
Ensign Robgun might
charged by his side, so
alternative.
bins desired that his
be
left
that if the
enemy should
re-
121
found the bodies of the killed,
buried them and carved their
names on the surrounding trees.
The
Indians, among many othlost Pagujs their chief.
place where the action was
turn, he might sacrificfe at least
one more of them to his revenge.
On the rising of the
ers,
moon
the south part of the
they departed from this
fatal spot and directed their
the fort where
the surgeon and the guai-d had
To their astonishbeen left.
ment they found the place deserted. On the commencement
The
fought
was Pigwacket, now
town of
Fryburgh.
march toward
of the action, one man, (whone
irame has not been suffered to
disgrace the history of this affair) fled to the
fort,where in the
language of Job's messenger,
he informed the guard of Lovell's death and the defeat of
his party, upon which they
best of their way
home, leaving behind them a
quantity of provisions which
was a seasonable relief to the
Lieuretreating survivors.
tenant Farwell and the chaplain
who kept the journal of the
march, perished in the woods
made
the
from an unavoidable want of
attention to their wounds. The
remaining few after a long series of hardships, arrived at
their
homes
They were
at different times.
received with joy
and recompensed for their sufferings and their valour by
public gratitude and affection.
A generous provision was
made for the widows and children of the
slain.
Tyng
of Dunstable^
immediately collected a company, marched to the place of
the engagement, and having
16
Capt.
DuRAND,
a small township
Coos county containing 62
inhabitants.
Bounded N. by
in
Mainsboro', E. by Shelburne,
S.hy the White mountains, and
W. by Kilkenny. Jt contains
25,672 acres. One branch of
Moose river and several branches of the Amonoosuck and Isra-^
e/rise in this town.
Durham, a township in
Strafford county, lying on Oyster river at the junction with
the Piscataqua,
It contains a
population of 1449, and is
bounded on Madbury S. 63^"
E. 1040 rods, thence S.54^°E.
to Cedar point ; on Lee N.
le^^E. 5 miles and 66 rods; on
Newmarket S. 80^ E. 700
rods to a rcck,thsnce S.56^° E.
264 rods to the head of the
creek, thence to Chelsey's little
island which is the S. corner
boundary, thence by Great and
Little
bay to Cedar point, com-
prising an area of 14,970 acres.
The N.H. turnpike from Ports-
mouth
through
to
this
Concord
passes
town.
The first settled minister in
Durham was the Rev. Hugh
Adams, who was ordained in
1717, and dismissed in 1739.
The Hev. Nicholas Oilman,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
122
Hugh Adams, and
have been
Curtis
Coe
his successors, all
of
them tongregationalists. The
compact part of the town, near
the falls contains a handsome
meeting-house, 37 dwellinghouses, and 7 stores and small
shops. Inthis town resided JVIaj.
Gen.SuUivanandCol. Adams of
Hon.
George Frost and Ebenezer
Thompson were also citizens
the revolutionary army,
of Durham, The annual average number of deaths in this
place for many years past has
been computed at less than 15.
In Durham is situated that rerkable rock weighing 60 or
m
70 tons and lying so exactly
poised on another rock as easmoved with one
to be
ily
hand.
Durham was included in
which was
Hilton*s patent
In
granted in the year 1630.
September, 1675, the Indians
made an
attack at Oyster riv-
er, then a part of
Dover and
Durham.
now constituting
They burned two house3,killed
several men and carried away
two captives.
this attack they
Two
days after
made
another,
destroyed several houses and
killed
peated
two persons. These reinsults and depreda-
tions roused the indignation of
our people and forced, them to
About 20 young
retaliate.
men, most of whom were from
Dover, obtained permission
from major Waldron to make
an attempt against the Indians
way. Having
in their own
scattered
themselves
in
the
woods, a division of them dis-
covered a party of five Indians
field
near a deserted
house, some of whom were
gathering corn, while the others were preparing to roast it.
Our people were at such a
in the
distance from their companions, that they could not make
any signal to ihem without discovering themselves. Two of
them crept silently toward the
house and rushing suddenly
upon the two Indians, who
were busy at the fire, knocked
them down with their guns.
The other three took the alarm
and escaped.
In 1694, when a large part
of the inhabitants had marched to the westward, the Indians who were dispersed in
the woods about Oyster river,
having diligently observed the
number of men in Hucking's
garrison, rushed upon eighteen
of them, as they were going to
morning devotion, and
havingcutofftheirretreatto the
house put them all to death except 1 who fortunately escaped.
They then attacked the house,
in which there were only two
boys beside the women and
children.
The boys kept them
their
off for
sometime and wounded
several of them.
At length
the Indians set fire to the house
and even then the boys would
not surrender till the Indians
had promised to spare their
lives. The latter however perfidiously murdered three or
four of the children, one of
whom they fixed upon a sharp
stake in the view of its mother.
The women and children were
�CAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE
carried captive, but one of the
boys made hk escape the next
day.
The next spring the Indians
narrowly watched the frontiers
to determine the safest and
most vulnerabte points of attack.
The settlement at Oyster was selected for destruction, and preparations being at
length completed for the incursion, Sieur de Villieu with a
company of 250 Indians and a
French priest marched for this
Oyster river is
devoted spot.
the streaiw which falls into the
west branch of the Piscataqua
river just below the present
site
of
The
Durham.
settle-
ments were on both banks of
Here were twelve*
the river.
garrisoned houses amply sufficient for the reception of the inhabitants,but not apprehending
any danger, many of the families
remained
in
their unforti-,
houses, and those who
were in the garrisons were but
fied
indifferently
prepared
siege, as they
were
for
a
destitute of
powder. The enemy approached the place undiscovered and
halted near the falls.
Here
they separated into two divisions, one of which was to go
on each side of the river and
plant itself in small parties in
ambush near the houses and to
be ready for the attack at sunrise, for which a single gun
was to be the signal.
One
John Dean, whose house stood
near the falls, happening to rise
very early for a journey before
the dawn of day, was shot as he
came out of his door. This fir-
123
ing partially deranged the plan,
as several parties
who were
at
a distance,had not then arrived
at their stations.
The
inhabit-
being generall)' a-
ants also,
some of then^ had
time for escape and others to
prepare for defence. The signal being thus given, the attack
larrned,
commenced on all points,
where the enemy was ready.
Of
the twelve garrisoned hous-
were destroyed, Adams', Drew's, Edgerly's,Meader's, and Beard's.
The enemy entered Adams' without
resistance where they murdered fourteen persons, whose
graves can still be traced.
Drew surrendered his garrison
on promise of security but he
was put to death. One of his
children, only nine years old,
was compelled to run through
a line of Indians as a mark for
their hatchets. Edgerly's garrison was evacuated, the peoes
five
ple
one
having
of
fled to their boats,
whom was
mortally
attempting to escape.
Beard's and Meader's
were also evacuated and their
inhabitants escaped.
The unfortified houses were all set on
fire, the peop4e being either put
to death or captured in them.
Some escaped by concealing
themselves in the bushes and
elsewhere.
Thomas Edgerly
having hid himself in his cellar preserved his house though
it was twice set on fire.
The
house of John Bass the minister was destroyed together
with his valuable library. He
was absent at the time and his
wounded
in
,
�GAZETTEER OF NE\V-HAMPS«IRB.
124
John Davis, who
family fled to the
wife of John
Dean who was the first person
shot, was taken with her daughter and earned about two miJes
up the river, where they were
left under the care of an old
Indian, while his companions
returned to their bloody work,
The Indian complained of a
pain in his head, and asked the
the house of
woman what would
enemy had reach<;d his house,
he sent off his family in a boat
and then fastening his grite he
undertook alone the delence of
his house.
Contemning alike
the promises and threats of his
besiegers, he kept up a constant fire at them, changing his
dress as often as he could, and
giving orders aloud,asifhe had
a company with him. Find-
wife
arid
woods.
The
relieve
him, she replied, occapee,
(which is the Indian name for
rum) and of which she knew
he had carried away a bottle
from her house. The medicine
beingvery agreeable to his taste
He
he repeated the dose.
soon fell asleep from its effects
and she seized the opportunity
into the woods,
to escape
where she lay concealed till
the danger was over.
The other seven garrisons
were resoluti ly and successfully defended. The gat< of Burnham's happened to be left open
man
through the night.
within, who had been kept awake by the tooth- ach, hearing the alarm gun, roused the
people and secured the en-
after
a short resist iince
sur-
rendered on terms which were
basely violated, as he and his
whole family were either killed or made prisoners. Thomas
Beckford preserved his
house in a singular manner. It
was situated near the river
and surrounded by a palisade.
Hearing the alarm before the
and his
ing their exertions unavailing, the enemy withdrew, leaving Beckford the sole master
of a fortress which he had defended with such admirable adThree other garrisons,
dress.
being seasonably apprized of
the danger. Were resolutely defended, and two Indians were
killed in attacking them. Jones'
garrison was sui-rounded before day, but its owner, hearing
his dog bark and fearing that
wolves were near, went out at
that moment to secure some
swine and returned uninjured.
Having on his return ascended his wall, and observing the
flash of a gun, he immediately
dropped backward, and the ball
entered the very place where
family happily escaped. Their
bloody purpose being thus again defeated, they attacked
he stood. The enemy from
behind a rock continued firing
on the house for some time
A
trance, just as the enemy had
reach< d it. Finding themselves
disappointed at this point, the
Indians immediately ran to
pitman's, a defenceless house
and forced open the door at
the moment that he had burst
his way through that end of
thp house, which adjoined the
garrison, to which iie
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIEE.
aftd then
'
ing
it.
Dur-
the
transactions
priest took possession
French
.
abandoned
these
of the meeting-house and employed himself in writing on
the pulpit with chalk, but the
house itself received no damage.
Those parties of the enemy,
who were on the other side of
the river, having completed
their work of destruction, assembled ip a field adjoining
Burnham's
garrison,
where
they insultingly displayed their
prisoners and derided the inhabitants,supposing themselves
out of the reach of the guns,
one of them was shot from
the sentry-box from the garriBoth divisions having
son.
then met at the falls where they
had separated the evening before, marched to Capt. Wood-
man's garrison. The ground
being broken and hilly, they
made their approach without
and kept up a continuthe hats and caps,
which our people held on sticks
above the wall. At length fearing that the inhabitants from
the neighbouring settlements
would collect against them,
the Indians retreated, having
killed or captured between 90
and 100 persons and destroyed
20 houses, 5 of which were
difficulty
al
fire
at
X
125
detained four years and endured every thing but death. She
was delivered of a child in the
winter, unsheltered from the
storms, and being unable to
nurse it, the Indians put it to
After her return to her
death.
husband she had a family of
14 children. She lived to the
age of 89 and her husband to
They died within
that of 93.
two days of each other and
were buried in the same grave.
In ir03, the Indians made
another incursion and killed
one man. In 1704, several
persons were murdered by
them, and in 1705,"a small party attacked the house of John
Drew, where they put eight
people to death and wounded
several others.
The garrison
was near but was at that time
without a man in it. The women, finding their case desperate, put on the hats of their
husbands and dressed themselves in other respects like
men, and by keeping up a brisk
Among the prisgarrisoned.
oners were Thomas Drew and
his wife who were recently
married.
He was taken to
Canada, where he continued
two years and was then ran-
drove the
before they had
plundered or even attacked the
house. John Wheeler acc^bsting this party and mistaking
them for friendly Indians, unfortunately fell into their power and was killed, together
with his wife and four childTwo of his sons secret*
ren.
ed themselves in a cove by the
bank of the river. In 1707,
two men were captured from
Durham^ and two others were
murdered as they were on a
somed.
She was carried to
Norridgewock, where she was
journey from that town to Dover.
In 1 707, a party of Mq-
fire,
they
enemy
actually
off,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
126
hawks attacked a company of
our men who were at work in
the woods under the direction
of'
Capt. Chesley.
At
the
first
firethey killed seven and wounded another. Chesley, with his
few surviving companions continued a brisk fire on the enemy, and for some time kept
them off, but he at length fell,
overpowered by numbers. He
was deeply lamented as a brave
In 1724, the Indians
another incursion into
this town, formed an ambush
near the road and murdered
officer.
made
several persons.
The family of Col. John Davis of this town (who died at
the age of 88,) were equally
remarkable for longevity and
superior stature.
Five of them
and one
lived till the age of 85,
to that of 99.
E.
deaths in this town were -283,
making an annual average of
about nine. The greatest number in any one year was 21,
and the smallest
number
2.
Since 1771, the proportion has
remained nearly the same.
Eaton, a township in the
northerly part of Strafford
county, incorporated in 1766,
and containing in 1810, 535 inhabitants bounded N. by Conway, E. by the eastern line of
the state, S. by Ossipee Gore,
and W. by Tamworth, containing about 27,637 acres. There
are several ponds in this town ;
Six Miles pond^ in the western
part of the town, Cook^s^ Litthe
tle^ Blair's^ ^c. ; and in
S. E. extremity of the town
There
rises Legion mountain.
are 5 saw-mills, 5 grain-mills,
;
and 1 clothing-mill.
Jackson is the only
Elder
settled
minister here^
East-Kingston, a township in Rockingham county,
situated in the southerly part
It was incorof that county.
porated in 1733, and contains
442 inhabitants. It is bounded
N. by Exeter, E. by Kingston,
S. by Southampton, and W.
and N. W. by Kingston, and
contains 6,200 acres of excelPowow river croslent land.
ses the S. W. extremity of this
town.
was
The Rev.
settled
Peter Coffin
here in 1772, and
has long since removed. There
is here but one meeting-house.
This town contains 3 cornFrom
mills and 2 saw-mills.
the year 1740 to 1771, the
Effingham,
a township in
Straflford county,
incorporated
and now containing
bounded N.
876 inhabitants
W. by Ossipee Gore, E. by the
state line, which separates it
from Parsonsfield, S. E. by
Wakefield, and S. W. by Ossipee, comprising an area of
34,938 acres. The great Ossipee river passes through this
town in a westerly course, ever
which is here a toll bridge 500
There is a
feet in length.
pond near this river 400 rods
On the
long and 270 wide.
western side of this town lie
the Green mountains. Rev. G.
in
1678,
:
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Burt was ordained here in 1803,
and dismissed soon after. There
are in Efingh^gp, three religious societies tt^d 2 meetinghouses, 4 grain-mills, 4 saw-
a cltothing-mill, and
carding-machine.
mills,
Ellis River
rises
a
on the
127
1 too rods long and 250 wide.
There are here also East pond
Maid pond^ and several smaller
ones, in the whole comprising
2210 acres of water.
The
fourth N. H. turnpike leading
to
Lyman's bridge passes
be-
tween Mascomy pond and the
mountain. At the west end of
of the White
hills in several small streams,
near the source of Peabody
river, and separating into two
streams which unite in Adams, empties into the Saco at
the
Bartlett.
tain near a
easterly
side
Ellsworth, a township of
mountainous land in Grafton
county, bounded N. by Peeling, E. by Thornton, S. by
Rumney, and W. by Warren.
Its whole population is 142,
and its area 15,606 acres.
There
a small pond in the
S. E. part of the town, from
which a stream flows into Pemigewasset river, and in the
north part of the town is situated Cat mountain.
There is
here 1 corn-mill and 1 saw-mill.
On
is
also a village of the shakers
E. end of the moun-
at the S.
small pond, (see
Canterbury.) Stony brook runs
through the south part of the
pond, and Mascomy rive^r falls
into the pond of that name.
'
Enfield contains 4 grain-mills,
5 saw-mills, 1 clothing-mill,
2 carding-machines, and an oilmill.
is
Enfield, a township in the
lower part of Grafton county,
incorporated in 1761, and now
containing 1291 inhabitants. It
is bounded N. E. by Canaan,
S. E. by Grafton, S. W. by
Cheshire county line which divides it from New-Grantham,
and W. by Lebanon, comprising in this space 24,060 acres.
the
town
pond stands the principal
containing 30 or 40
dwelling-houses and a handsome meeting-house.
There
village,
lies
W. side of this
the greatest part of
N.
Mascomy pond^ which
is
about
Epping, a town
in
Rocking-
ham
county, (formerly a part
of Exeter,) incorporated in
1639, and now containing a
population of 1182. It is bounded N. by Nottingham and Lee,
E. by Newmarket and Brent-
wood,
S.
by Brentwood and
W. by Nottingham
Poplin, and
and Raymond,
and contains
12,760 acres. Lamprey river
passes through Epping entering
its
southwest corner. In this
town Patuckaway and North
rivers fall into
Lamprey
river,
the former in its western and
the latter at its southeast part.
On these streams are 4 grainmills, 6 saw-mills, and 1 clothing-mill.
•
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMP^IRt.
123
The
of Epping is exceladapted to almost all
sorts of grain, grass, flax, &c.
In the orchard of Capt. Towle
of this town there is an appletree which in one year produced between 50 and 60 bushsoil
lently
els.
The first minister of Epping
was the Rev. Mr. Cutler who
was ordained in 1747. Rev.
Josiah Stearns, his successor,
was ordained in 1758, and died
Rev. Peter Holt, the
in 1790.
present minister, was ordained
in 1793.
In Eppiyig tht'Yt are 4 meeting-houses and 8 school-housIn the revolutionary war
es.
there were ten died among
those who went from this town.
The annual average number of
deaths is about 13.
Epsom, a township in Rockingham county, bounded N.
by Pittsfield, E. by Northwood,
S. by Allenstown, and W. by
Pembrokt and
contains about
and
in
1810
its
Chichjester.
It
19,200 acres,
population was
1156.
Suncook river passes through
the westerly part of Epsom and
receives Little Suncook from
several small ponds in Northwood. In the northeast part
of the town are several snaall
mountains, viz. M^Roy^s, Fort,
Nat^s, ^c.
The Rev. John Tuck was
ordained here in 1761, and was
succeeded by the Rev. E. Hazeltine who died inl813. Rev.
settled in 1815,
J. Curtis was
and
is
the present minister.
The principal village in Epsom contains about 20 houses,a
congregationakineeting- house,
a school-hoii|% and several
small stores.
This town, like
most others of its size in the
state, has several religious societies.
There are here many
valuable mill seats.
There are
7 grain-mills, 9 saw-mills, 2
clothing-mills, 2 carding-machines, and a cotton factory.
Maj. Andrew M^Clary, a
native of this town, fell at
the battle of Breed's hill on
June 17, 1775, after defendfew companing with
a
ions a temporary entrenchment
thrown up a! few hours before.
Attacked by an overpowering
force of the enemy they retreated about one mile.
The
major in this action displayed
great bravery and presence of
mind. Inflamed by an ardent
patriotism, like the Roman Camillus, he left his plough on the
intelligence of war, and
volunteered in the cause of his
brethren, in which he was soon
called to a command which he
executed to his lasting honour,
first
Errol, a township in Coos
county, situated on the western
branch of Umbagog lake. It
was incorporated in 1774, and
contains only 38 inhabitants.
bounded N. by Wentlocation, E. by the
district of Maine, S. by Success and Paulsburgh,and W.by
Millsfield, and contains 35,400
acres, 2,800of which are water.
It
is
worth's
Margallawa}'and Clear streams
here unite with another stream
r
�129
GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
flowing from Umbagog lake,
and form in junction Ameris-
coggin river. From the centre
of this town to Stratford on
Connecticut river the distance
is 25 miles.
Erving's Location is in
Coos county, 118 miles from
Portsmouth, bounded N. by
Dixville, E. by Millsfield, and
W. by Columbia andungranted
lands No. 1.
called Swamscot
aborigines, an ancient
Exeter,
by the
post townin Rockingham county, pleasantly situated at the
head of tide waters and navigation on the southwest branch
of Piscataqua river^ and equidistant from the metropolis
Newburyport
and
in
Essex
Execounty, Massachusetts.
ter was incorporated in the
year 1639, and contained according to the last census, 1759
inhabitants. The township is of
an irregular figure, of an area
of 11,800 acres, and has for its
boundaries Newmarket N. by
Stratham E. and N. E. ;
E.
Hampton and Hampton-falls
and
S. E. ; Kensington S.
Brentwood on the W. Exeter
Fresh river takes its rise from
a small pond in Sandown,
running thence on the cornPoplin,
ers of Hav/ke and
thence into Chester and thence
again into Poplin, Raymond,
Brentwood, and Exeter^ near
what are termed Pickpocket
mills, pursuing from thence
an easterly course till withone mile of the falls
in
ir
;
;
where it receives Little river
from the west, and mingles
shortly after with the tide waters of the Swamscot, in the
midst of a fine trading and
manufacturing settlement. Exeter IS the second considerable
town in the state, 50 miles N.
of Boston, and 402 N. E. of
It has a bank
Philadelphia.
with a capital of two hundred
thousand dollars. It was formerly the seat of government,
and many of the public offices
of the state are still kept here.
public edifices are two
congregational churches, a bap-'
tist meeting-house, an eleg..nt
academy, a handsome courthouse, and a gaol. Beside the
The
celebrated
Phillips
Exeter
there are here two
English schools and ten or a
dozen private schools chiefly
It is well situatfor females.
Academy
ed for a manufacturing town,
and has 2 fulling-mills, 2 carding-machines, 2 oil-mills, a
woollen factory, 2 ext; usive
cotton factories, a spinning and
weaving factory, a tin ware,
comb, and morocco factory, a
gin distillery, iron works, a
manufactory of ordnance and
small arms, a paper mill, a
great number of saw and gristmills, a printing-office, bookstore, book-bindery, &c. &c.
The saddlery, shoe-making and
diaise-making business is also
carried on here to a very great
In 1776, Col. Samuel
Hobart erected a powder-mill
in this town capable of manufacturing 2,100 pound of pow-
extent.
der per Week.
It is
not
now
�GAZETTEER OF
130
Before the revin operation.
olution ship-building was an
extensive and profitable branch
of business here, and vessels of
five-hundred tons burden were
and floated down the river to Portsmouth and sold, or
built
employed
in
the
West-India
Since the last war it
has altogether declined. Specimens of bog iron ore and
some considerable copper pyrites have been discovered in
Vitriol also, comthis town.
bined in the same stone with
sulphur, is found in its neighbourhood. In the year 1789,
the remains of an Indian skeleton were dug up on the east
side of the river in this town.
It was in a perpendicular position and enclosed in a birchen
hollow log. Some strings of
wampum and twelve spoons,
apparently of European manufacture, were found near it.
trade.
The
skull
was
entire, the teeth
remained in the jaws, and the
hair, which was long, straight,
and black, had sufl'ered neither
decay nor injury.
Phillips Exeter Academy in
this town is a highly respectable, useful, and flourishing inIt was founded by
stitution.
the Hon. John Phillips, LL.D.
A
part of its funds
1781.
appropriated to the support
of candidates for the ministry or
indigent scholars recommended for their genius and learnThere are in this acadeing.
my nearly 80 scholars. It has
a well selected library and a
handsome philosophical apparaThe board of trustees
tus.
in
is
NEVV'-HAIMPSHIRE.
consists of seven gentlemen, of
the Hon. J.T.Gilman is
whom
president.
The immediate instruction of the students is entrusted to a principal, a professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, and an assistant.
The Rev. John Wheelwright
the
principal settler of this
town, in 1638, removed from
Braintree, (Mass.) then a part
of Boston, where he was settled in the ministry.
In the
same year he united with several others in
making
a settle-
Exeter,
He was a
gentleman of talents, piety and
ment
in
learning.
For other particulars of the
original settlement of this place
see page 52.
The
Indians did not comdepredations against this place till the year
1675, at which time they killed several persons here.
In July, 1690, Col. Winthrop
Hilton's garrison in this place
was attacked and some lives
were lost. In June, 1697, this
town was preserved in a remarkable manner from a deep
laid plot which the Indians had
mence
their
formed against it. The enemy
were planted in ambush near
the town, and were discovered
by some children who had ventured from home without a
guard.
The savages retreated without the loss on our side
of more than one person.
In 1710, Gol.
Winthrop
Hilton with a party of his
neighbours, while at work in
a field situate in that part of
�131
GAZKTTEER OF NEW-HAM !'S HIRE.
Exeter which is now called
Epping, were attacked by the
Indians, who barbarously murdered the colonel with two of
his party, and captured two
Emboldened with this
others.
success the enemy immediately
entered the settlement and killed several other persons, some
of whom were children.
The
southerly side.
about 500 rods long
The westerly
and' 60 wide.
side of the town is broken and
elevated, but most of its land
There
is suited for grazing.
on
its
latter is
is
in this
town
a baptist meet-
ing-house, 8 or 10 mills, and 3
stores.
a township
county, situated
on the southerly line of the
state, which separates it from
FiTzwiLLiAM,
in
F.
Farmington
in
Strafford
Cheshire
in
county was formerly a part of "Royalston and Winchendon
Massachusetts. It is bounded
incorpoIt was
Rochester.
by Richmond on the W., Marlrated in 1722, and in 18tO, conborough on the N., and Jaffrey
tained 1272 inhabitants bounded N. E. by Milton, S. E. by and Rindge on theE., and conRochester,S.W.by Barrington, tains 26,900 acres,400 of which
and N. W. by New- Durham, arc water. In this town lies
South pond^ which is 320 rods
comprising 20,811 acres.
Cochecho river flows through long and 90 wide in its narrowand also Sip's pondy
est pr.rt
the N.E. part of this town,and
Frost mountains extend 200 rods long and 100 wide.
the
;
;
through
it
from N.
to S.
From
the summh-of this ridge, called
Mount Washington^ the seacoast and a large part of the
be seen. There is
town a handsome meeting-house, several mills, and
state
may
in this
trading stores.
FisHERSFiELD, a township
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1778, and now conin
taining 563 inhabitants.
It is
bounded N. by New-London,
E. by Sutton, 5. by Bradford,
and W. by Cheshire county
line^which divides it from Goshen and Wendell, comprising
an area of 19,332 acres. In
the north part of the town lies
Sunapee pond. Todd pond is
Fitzzvilliam
was incorporated
its population is
It is situated oii
1310.
the height of land south of the
in 1773,
and
now
Monadnock mountain, and
its
The soil is
surface is hilly.
rocky but well adapted to grass
and to the cultivation of various kinds of grain. The low
lands are covered with' pine,
hemlock, and spruce. There
are here also some valuable
and productive meadows. Near
the centre of the town is a large
remarkable for the beautifully romantic prospect which
and in the northwest
it affords
hill
;
part of the town is Gap mountain^ which at a distance appears to be part of the Monadnock, and on which are found
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
134
The
It is
discovered in 1813.
not extensive, and has not
suers he was obliged to swin,
across the Hudson river three
limes.
He is now living in
been
much worked.
good health
ly part of the town.
mer
for-
v/as
The
latr
productive, and probably
v/as first
It
inexhaustible.
worked about ten years ago.
Its colour is white, mingled
with a dark shade. It is easily manufactured with the saw
or chisel, and is susceptible of
Although of a
a high polish.
soft nature, it is very adhesive
and heavy, 12 cubic feet weighAfter it is preing one ton.
pared at the quarry, it is sold
for gl,42 cts. per cubic foot. It
is used for hearths, stoves, &c.
In several parts of this town,
large rocks of a globular form
are found directly poised on the
surface of others.
Curiosities
of this kind, of. which the cause
certainly
is
mysterious, are
common to many places in this
Clay of a superior qualstate.
ity for bricks is found in large
ter
at the
is
quantities in this town, and in
some spots there have been seen
stroDg indications of iron ore.
Indeed several large pieces of
good purity have been found.
Richard
who has
,
long resided in this town, was
captured by the Indians during
the last French war in the year
Although guarded by
1756.
two warriors, he was able by
superior strength and agility
to effect his escape, but not
without the loss of all his
He wandered entirenaked between the lakes
George and Champlain for six
clothes.
ly
days, eating nothing but berries
and bark. To elude his pur-
age of 77.
L.w.
Franconia, (formerly Morristown,)
lies in
the upper part
of Grafton county, near the
western side of the White
mountains which form its eastern boundary.
Lincoln and
LandafF are its southern, Concord its western, and Bethlehem its northern boundary.
The great Hay-Stack mountain
is on the southe;isterly extremity of this town, and French
and other mountains are within
It contains 32,948
its limits.
acres.
Several branches of the great
Amonoosuck rise in these mountains and pass through this
town. Franconia was incorporated in 1760, and in 1810,
inhabitants.
contained
358
There is here an extensive iron
factory
establishment.
The
company was incorporated December 18th, 1805, and is composed principally of Boston and
Salem gentlemen. The works
consist of a blast furnace with
a reservoir of water near the
top as a precaution against fire,
an air furnace, a steel furnace,
a pounding machine to separate the iron from the cinders,
a forge with four fires and
two hammers, a turning lathe,
and a trip-hammer shop with
four fires and two hammers.
There are also in this town a
powder magazine, a saw-mill,
a grist-mill, 10 or 12 dwelling-
�GAZETTEKR OF MEVV-H AMPSHIRE
houses, a store, and a warehouse.
MojSt of the ore wrought here
conveyed from Concord
is
mountain about 3 miles from
There is also a
the furnace.
large tract of coaling ground
belonging to the company, and
a highly impregnated mineral
spring about two miles from
the furnace. Not very far from
this establishment are the: upper Vvorks, called " the Haver-
andFranconia ironworks,"
which wete incorporated in
1808. These are built on the
hill
same plan as the former, but
their operations are not as yet
so extensive.
G.
Gilford,
a township in
county, formerly a
part of Gilmanton, incorporated in 1727", and now containing
-
Strafford
about 1200 inhabitants. It is
bounded N. by Winnipiseogee
lake, E. by Alton, S. by Gilmanton, and W. by-a long bay
which divides it from GilmanThere are here several
ton.
The sumlarge mountains.
mits of two of them are witlyn
200 rods of each other, and
about 2000 feet above the level
of the towui
On
the souther-
Gunstock mountain
is Suncook pond^ which forms
the northerly source oi Suncook
ly part of
river,
^
Gilford has two meetinghouses, which belong to no
particular
of
denomination
christians, 3 trading stores, 4
grain-mills, 3 saw-mills, and a
13J
carding^machine.
The- free
will baptists have here a l.-rge
church and socit-ty under the
care of Elder Richard Martin,
an aged and respectable minis-
There is also a society of
the regular baptists under the
care of Elder Morrison.
At
ter.
Meredith bridge, which unites
town to Meredith, is a.
handsome viUage containing about 25 dwelIing-houses,stores,
&c. A meeting-house was lately erected here by the inliabitants of the two towns for the
commcfh use of all orders of
this
christians.
Gilmanton, a township in
Strafford county, incorporated
in 1727, and containing inlSlO,
4,338 inhabitants. It is bounded N. by Gilford, E. by Alton,
S. E. by Barnstead, S. W. by
Rockingham line, and N.W.by
Winnipiseogee lake and bay
which separates it from Sanbornton, comprising an area of
Suncook river
58,448 acres.
a pond of that
Gilford line, the waters of which fall into another
pond of the same name, which
is larger than the former, being
about 350 rods long and 175
wide. From thence it falls into a third pond of the same
name 500 rods long and half as
wide. There are several smaller ponds in this town, in one
of which is the source oi Bow
Cook river.
There are in Gilmanton 5
20 schoolmeeting-houses,
houses, a court house, a cotton
rises here in
name on
factory, a nail factory, 9 grain-
�GAZETTEKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
134
ly part of the town.
The
mer was discovered
in
It is
1813.
not extensive, and has not
suers be was obliged to swini
across the Hudson river three
times.
He is now living in
been
much worked.
good health
The
for-
latr
productive, and probably
It
v/as first
inexhaustible.
worked about ten years ago.
Its colour is white, mingled
with a dark shade. It is easily manufactured with the saw
or chisel, and is susceptible of
Although of a
a high polish.
soft nature, it is very adhesive
and heavy, 12 cubic feet weighing one ton.
After it is prepared at the quarry, it is sold
for gl,42 cts. per cubic foot. It
is used for hearths, stoves, &c.
In several parts of this town,
large rocks of a globular form
are found directly poised on the
surface of others. Curiosities
of this kind, of. which the cause
certainly
is
mysterious, are
ter
common
to
many
placefe in this
Clay of a superior qualfound in large
quantities in this town, and in
some spots there have been seen
stroDg indications of iron ore.
Indeed several large pieces of
good purity have been found.
Richard
,
who has
long resided in this town, was
captured by the Indians during
the last French war in the year
Although guarded by
1756.
two warriors, he was able by
superior strength and agility
state.
ity for bricks is
to
at the
is
effect his
without
clothes.
the
escape, but not
loss
of
He wandered
all
his
entire-
naked between the lakes
George and Champlain for six
ly
days, eating nothing but berries
and bark. To elude his pur-
age of 77.
L.w.
Franconia, (formerly Morristown,)
lies in
the upper part
of Grafton county, near the
western side of the White
mountains which form its eastern boundary.
Lincoln and
Landaff are its southern, Concord its western, and Bethlehem its northern boundary.
The great Hay-Stack Mountain
is on the southetisterly extremity of this town, and French
and other mountains are within
its limits.
It contains 32,948
acres.
Several branches of the great
Amonoosjick rise in these moun-
and pass through this
town. Franconia was incorporated in 1760, and in 1810,
inhabitants.
contained
358
There is here an extensive iron
tains
factory
establishment.
The
company was incorporated December 18th, 1805, and is composed principally of Boston and
Salem gentlemen.
The works
consist of a blast furnace with
a reservoir of water near the
top as a precaution against fire,
an air furnace, a steel furnace,
a pounding machine to separate the iron from the cinders,
a forge with four fires and
two hammers, a turning lathe,
and a trip-hammer shop with
four fires and two hammers.
There are also in this town a
powder magazine, a saw-mill,
a grist-mill, 10 or 12 dwelling-
�GAZETTPiKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE
houses, a store, and a warehouse.
Mo3t of the ore wrought here
conveyed from Concord
is
mountain about 3 miles from
There is also a
the furnace.
large tract of coaling ground
belonging to the company, and
a highly impregnated mineral
spring about two miles from
the furnace. Not very far from
idj
carding-machine.
The free
will baptists have here a lurge
church and society urider the
care of Elder Richard Martin,
an aged and respectable minis-
There is also a society of
the regular baptists under the
care of Elder Morrison.
At
ter.
andFranconia ironworks,"
which wcte incorporated in
1808. These are built on the
Meredith bridge, which unites
town to Meredith, is a,
handsome village containing about 25 dwelling-houses, stores,
&c. A meeting-house was lately erected here by the inliabitants of the two towns for the
commtfn use of all orders of
same plan
christians.
this establishment are the upper works, called " the Haverhill
as
the former, but
this
their operations are not as yet
GiLMANToN, a township in
Strafford county, incorporated
so extensive.
G.
Gilford,
a township in
county, formerly a
part of Gilmanton, incorporated in 1727, and now containing
Strafford
about 1200 inhabitants. It is
bounded N. by Winnipiseogee
lake, E. by Alton, S. by Gilmanton, and W. by a long bay
which divides it from Gilmanton.
There are here several
The sumlarge mountains.
mits of two of them are witlyn
200 rods of each other, and
about 2000 feet above the level
of the town.
On
the souther-
Gunstock mountain
is Suncook pond^ which forms
the northerly source oi Suncook
ly part of
river.
,
Gilford has two meetinghouses, which belong to no
particular
denomination
of
christians, 3 trading stores, 4
grain-mills, 3 saw-mills^ and a
in 1727,and containing inlSlO,
4,338 inhabitants. It is bounded N. by Gilford, E. by Alton,
S. E. by Barnstead, S. W. by
line, and N.W.by
Winnipiseogee lake and bay
which separates it from Sanbornton, comprising an area of
Suncook river
58,448 acres.
Rockingham
a pond of that
Gilford line, the waters of which fall into another
pond of the same name, which
is larger than the former, being
about 350 rods long and 175
wide. From thence it falls into a third pond of the same
name 500 rods long and half as
wide. There are several smaller ponds in this town, in one
of which is the source oi Bow
Cook river.
There are in Gilmanton 5
meeting-houses,
20 schoolhouses, a court house, a cotton
factory, a nail factory, 9 grain-
rises here in
name on
*
�GAZETTEER OF NEVV-HAMPSIIIRE,
136
10 saw-mills, 2 clothing-
mills,
carding-machine, an
oil-mill, and 9 trading stores.
a
mills,
GoFFSTOWNin Hillsborough
county,
is
situated on the wes-
§5000, raised by subscription.
Merrimack river,
bounded N. by Dunbarton,
E. by Merrimack river, S. by
Bedford, and W. by NtwBoston and part of Weare, and
contains 29,170 acres.
It was
incorporated in 1761, and in
1810, contained 2000 inhabit-
There
ants.
A
handsome academy was
incorporated and built here in
1 794, and opened for the reception of studentsDecember,! 797.
It has generally from 30 to 50
students.
Its funds are about
is
here a congregational
church and society recently under the charge of the Rev. Isaac Smith,who died in March,
1817. There are several baptist societies,and one of friends.
One term of the common pleas
for the 1st district, is holden
here annually.
Hon. Joseph Badger, who
town in the year
1760, was its first magistrate,
and was highly instrumental in
settled in this
growth and prosperity. He
for many years judge of
probate, and resigned that office at the age of 70.
its
was
GiLsuM, a township in Cheshire county, incorporated in
1763, and
now
containing 513
inhabitants.
It is bounded N.
by Alstead and Marlow, E.
by Sullivan and Stoddard, S.
by Keene, and W. by Surry.
The eastern branch of Ashuelot river passes through this
town. Gilswn has 1 meetinghouse, 2 grain-mills, and 2 sawmills.
Elisha Fish who died
in 1807, was its first ordained
minister.
The annual average
number of deaths in this town
is not more than 6.
In 1813,
10 died here of the spotted fever.
terly side of
it is
In the S. W. extremity
of the town are the two Unconoonock mountains^ and in the S.
E.part is the Amoskeag bridge
and falls. Piscataquog river
passes through ihis place.
In
1771, Rev. Joseph Currier was
settled here in the congregational order.
Cornelius Waters andD.L.Morrill,have been
his successors.
There are
in
town
2 religious societies, 1 meeting-house, 8 trading-stores,
1
cotton factory
containing about '30 spindles, 7
grain-mills, 20 saw-mills, 2
clothing-milis, and 2 cardingmachines.
this
Goshen, a township
in Chescounty, incorporated in
1791, and in 1810, containing
hire
563 inhabitants. It is bounded N. by Newport and Wendell, E. by the county of Hillsborough, S.by Washington,and
W. by Lenipster and Unity,
and containsl2,02oacres. Little
Sugar river waters the north
part of the town^
Sunapee
mountain lies between Goshen
and Fishersfield.
Croydon
turnpike passes through the
west part of the town to ConThere is here
necticut river.
1 grain-mill,
2 saw-mills, 1
�im
GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
clothing-mill,
and
1
distil-
lerv.
Grafton County is bounded W. by the west branch of
Connecticut river, S. by the
counties of Cheshire and Hillsborough, E. by Strafford, and
N. by Coos. Beginning at
Connecticut river, at the west
extremity of Dalton and running on the west and south
line of Dalton to Whitefield,
thence on the west and south
line of Whitefield to Bretton
Woods, thence on the west
and south line of Bretton Woods
southeast extremity of
thence south in a
straight line across unlocated
lands to the county of Strafford
at the northerly corner of
Tamworth, thence on the north
and west line of Sandwich and
on the south line of Holderness
to Pemigewasset river, thence
down that river to the N. E.
extremity of New-Andover,
thence on the northerly line of
that town and on the northeasterly line of New-London to
the N. E. extremity of Springfield, thence on the northerly
line of Springfield, New-Gran-
to the
Weare,
tham, and Plainfield to Connecticut river, and thence by
that river to the place
tioned.
first
men-
This county contains35 townships and a large quantity of
unlocated land. Its population
by the last census was 28,462,
of whom 4,837 were rateable
There are in this counpolls.
ty 29 stud-horses, 3827 other
horses, 386 four years old, and
18
998 more than two years old,
3522 oxen,1308 four years old,
9981 cows, 50,084 three years
old cattle, and 6107 over two
years old. In 1812, there were
also in this county 52 mules
and 3 jacks, and 577 acres of
orchard.
Grafton county contains 36
houses for public worship, 1
academy, 83 grain-mills, 118
saw-mills, 24 mills for dressing
cloth, 35 carding-machines, 1
49 trading-stores,
and 1 oil-mill.
The county prison is at HaverhiU, and the superior and infe-
paper-mill,
21
distilleries,
rior courts hold alternate sessions there and at Plymouth.
The
probate courts are holden
at Haverhill,
over,
Plymouth, Han-
Bridgewater, and
En-^
field.
Grafton, a township in the
county of that name, lies about
13 miles southeast from Dartmouth
college.
It
was incor-
porated in 1773, and now contains
931 inhabitants. It is
bounded N. E. bv Orange,
S. E. by Cushing's Gore,S.W.
by the line of Cheshire county
which separates it from Springfield, and N. W. by Enfield
and a part of Canaan, and contains 21,993 acres.
Branches
of Smith's river water the easterly part of the town,and Mascomy river its west part. There
are here 2 baptist meetinghouses, 6 grain-mills, 6 sawmills, 1 clothing mill, 2 carding-machines, 2 stores, and 1
distillery.
That
(lassis
species
of
specuiaris)
mineral,
commonly
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMl^HIRE.
138
called isinglass, is found in a
state of great purity in Glass
It
hill mountain in this town.
adheres in the form of lamina
to rocks of white and yellow
The usual size of
quartz.
these lamina is about 6 inches
square, but some have been
found 18 inches. This glass
when prepared is transported
to Boston, and from thence
large quantities are exported
to England, probably for ship
It is found on the
lanthorns.
easterly side of the mountain,
which is about 200 feet high.
Many people are employed
every summer in collecting it.
Great Bay. The western
branch of Piscataqua river is
formed by Swamscot river,
which flows from Exeter, Winnicot river which comes from
Greenland, and Lamprey river
which divides Newmarket from
Durham these streams empty
into a bay 4 miles wide, called
Great Bay. The water in its
;
further progress is contracted
into a lesser bay, and there receives Oyster river from Durham, and Black river from Dover.
The whole branch
at
length meets the main stream
The tide
Hilton's point.
flows into all chese streams as
far as the lower falls in each,
and forms a very rapid current,
especially at the seasons of the
freshets, when the ebb continues about two hours longer
Piscataqua
than the flood.
bridge is thrown over the lower
extremity of Little bay. Newington lies on the eastern shore
at
this
bay, Stratham and
Greenland on the southern, and
Durham on the northern shore.
of
Great
Island.
(See
New-
castle.)
Greenfield, a township in
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1791, and containing
in 1810, a population of 980.
It is bounded N. by a part of
Hancock and Franccstown, E.
by Francestown and Lymleborough, S. by Temple, and
W. by Peterborough, and coniains
16,904 acres, 187 of
which are water. Contoocook
river separates this tov/n from
Hancockc There is here one
pond about 200 rods long and
100 wide, besides several oth-
A
part of
Cnotchet ?nauntain rises from
the north part of this town,
and there is also a mountainous
tract in the southerly part.
Greenfield contains a congrega-
ers of less note.
tion.al meeting-house, (in
Rev.
J.
which
Walker was ordained
in 1812,) several
mills,
and 2
stores.
Greenland, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated in 1703, and now containing592 inhabitants ; bound-
ed N. by the Great Bay and
Ncwingron, E. by .Portsmouth
and Rye, S. by Northampton,
and W. by Stratham, comprising 6,335 acres. The land
here which borders upon the
bay is of an uncommonly good
quality, and in a high state of
This part of the
cultivation.
�139
GAZETTEER OF NEW-KAMPSHIRE.
water through
is celebrated for producing excellent cider, large quantities of which are sold here
by the
The
annually.
parts of the town is light and
sandy but not unproductive.
Rev. William Allen, the first
town was the Rev. S. Perley,
who was ordained in 1779, and
was succeeded by the Rev.
William Rolf, who is the pre1
sent pastor. There is here
congregational and 1 baptist
town
soi^
in
otlier
settled minister in this town,
was ordained in 1707, and died
in 1760, at the age of 84. His
successors have been the Rev.
Messrs. M'Clintock, Neal,and
Abbot. The latter gentleman
is the present minister. There
meetingis here a spacious
house for the congregationalists, and a very convenient one
for the joint use of the methoThere are
dists and baptists.
also in this town 3 grist-mills,
2 saw-mills, and several trading
GROTON,a township
in Graf-
ton county, incorporated in
It was formerly called
1761.
Cockermouth. Its population
in 1810, was 549. It lies about
15 miles N. of Dartmouth col-
bounded N. E. by
Rumney, S. E. by Hebron, S.
W. by Orange,and W. by Dorchester, and contains 16,531
and
is
town
first
niinister
in
this
society, 1 meeting-house, 2
1
saw-mills,
grain-mills, 4
carding-machine, and 1 distillery.
H.
Hall's Stream
rises in the
highlands which separate Vermont from Lower Canada, and
falls into Connecticut rivcj at
the N. W. extremity of Stew-
Hale's Location is situatin
Coos county, and is
bounded N. and W. by ungranted lands, E. by Conway,
and S. by Burton. It is 800
ed
rods in length and 173 in width
at
its
north,
and 320
at
northerly part
is
watered
by
of the
several
branches of Baker's river, and
a number of streams which
its
south extremity.
Hampstead,
a township
Rockingham county, was
acres.
The
The
arlstown.
shops.
lege,
falling of
a box, &c.
m
in-
corporated in 1749, and contained in 1810, a population
It is bounded. N. by
of 75^'
Hawke and Sandown,
S.
E; by
New Found pond have
Plaistowy-S. by Atkinson, and
their sources here.
There is in Groton an iron
by Londonderry, and con400 of which
are water. There is here Washpond^ containing about 200
acres, and a part^yf Islandpond
Thi^
about the same size.
fall into
furnace for casting hollow ware.
This furnace is heated bywood,
and the fire is kept alive by
the action of air put in motion
W.
tains 10,623 acres,
�140
GAZETTEER OF NfiW-HAMPSSIRB.
which latter 897 were male^
and 828 females. The largest
number of deaths in any one
There is a year was 69, and the smallest
present minister.
number was 7.
In the year
pleasant village in this town
comprising 10 or 12 dwelling- 1737, 69 persons died here, 55
houses, a meeting-house, and of them by the throat distemOn the same year there
per.
several trading shops.
died of that disease, 99 in
Hampton, a township in Portsmouth, 88 in Dover, 210
Rockingham county, lying on in Hampton-falls, 127 in Exein Newcastle, 37 in
ter, 11
It was incorpothe sea-coast.
Gosport, 44 in Rye, 18 in
rated in 1638, and contains a
Greenland, 21 in Newington,
population ot 990. It is bounded N. E. by Northampton, S. 22 in Newmarket, 18 in StratE. by the sea, S. W. by South ham, 115 in Kingston, 100 in
Hanipton, and N. W. by a part Durham, and 22 in Chester, in
of Exeter, and contains 18, 129 all about one thousand deaths
from July, 1736 to September
acres.
Hampton was called by the 1737.
In the year 1754, the same
Its first
Indians Winicowett.
disease again visited Hampton
minister was Stephen Bacheland carried off 55 persons.
der, who was settled in 1638,
In the year 1638, the generand dismissed in 1641. His
Mr.
al assembly authorized
successors have been Timothy
Dalton, John Wheelwright, (a Dummer of Newbury ,together
brother of the celebrated Mrs. with John Spencer to erect a
Hutchinson,) Seaborn Cotton, house in Hampton, which was
John Cotton, Nathaniel Gook- afterward called the bound
house, although it was intendjn. Ward Cotton, Ebenezer
Thayer, William Pidgeon, Jes- ed .as a mark of possession
se Appleton, (now president of rather than of limit.
This step having been taken
Bowdoin college,) and J. Webtoward population, a petition
ster, the present pastor.
Hampton is a valuable and praying leave to settle here,
was presented to the assembly
flourishing township, containby a number of persons chiefing two meeting-houses, and
ly from Norfolk in England,
in its compact part, many handsome buildings and several and the prayer was granted.
An academy has re- They commenced operations
shops.
by laying out the township incently been opened here, which
has much promise of useful- to 147shares,and having formed a church,they chose Stephen
ness.
Between the years 1731 and Bacheld&r for their minister,
1791, there were in this town with whom Timothy Dalton
associated.
afterwards
884 deaths and 1725 births, of was
Rev. Henry True was settled
here in 1/52, and died in 1782.
The Rev. John Kelly is the
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
number of inhabwas 56, among whom
were John Moulton, Christopher Hussey, William Sur-
The
original
141
N.E. by Hampton, S.E. by the
marsh, S. by Seabrook, W.
by Kensington, and N. W. by
Exeter, and contains 7,400 a-
itants
salt
geant, &c.
cres.
In July, 1617, the Indians
having commenced their work
of depredation and death, the
government ordered 200,friendly Indians and 40 English soldiers under the command of
Benjamin Swett of
Capt.
Hampton and Lieut. Richardmarch to the falls of
soii to
Taconee on Kennebeck river
in the course of the march,
Swett discovered in the place
now called Scarborough, three
parties of Indians stationed on
a plain.
He separated his men
in the sa.me manner and prepared to attack them. The enemy continued to retreat, till
they had drawn ©ur men about
Theophilus Cotton, the first
minister settled here, was ordained in 1712, and died 1726.
His successors have been Rev.
Joseph Whipple, Jonah Bailey,
;
two miles from the
fort,
and
then turning suddenly upon our
youthful and unexperienced
soldiers, they threw them into
confusion.
Swett, with a few
of his most resolute companions
fought bravely on his retreat,
till he came near the fort where
he was killed and 60 more
left dead or wounded.
On the
17th of August, 1703, a party
of 30 Indians under Capt.
Tour, killed 53 persons in
Hampton, among whom was a
widow Mussey, celebrated as a
preacher
among the quakers,by
whom she was much
lamented.
Hampton Falls,
a part of
570 inhabitants
incor-
now
porated in 1712, and
tains
formerly
Hampton, was
;
con-
bounded
Paine Wingate, Samuel Langthe
presdon, D. D., and
ent minister. Rev. J. Abbot.
There are here 2 meetinghouses, 1 for congregationalists and another for baptists, S
grist-mills, 2 saw-mills, 1 cloth-
and
1 carding-maJuly 26, 1730
to September 26, 1736, there
were 210 persons destroyed
here by the throat distemper,
160 of whom were under the
age of 10, 40 between the ages
of 10 and 20, 9 above 20, and
several more than 30 years old.
ing-mill,
chine.
From
Hancock, a township In
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1779, and now containing 1184 inhabitants; bounded
N. by Antrim, E. by Greenby Peterborough, and
the line of Cheshire
county, which divides it from
Nelson, comprising within the
field, S.
W.
by
limits 19,372 acres.
The south
of Contoocook river
separates
this
town from
There is here a
Greenfield.
pleasant village, containing about 15 dwelling houses,stores,
&c. a meeting-house, a cotton and woollen factory, S
grist-mills, 5 saw-mills,2 cloth-
branch
ing-mills,
and
t
carding-ma-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-IIAMPSHIRE.
142
Rev. Reid Page was
chine.
ordained here in 1791, and is
the pi-esent minister.
granted and suitable provision
for the education of
Indian youth, in such a manner
as should appear most expedi-
was made
Hanover, a township in
Grafton county ,incorporated in
1761, and now containing 21 35
ent for civilizing and christianizing them, also for the instruc-
N. by
the liberal arts and sciences.
The institution, thus established, gradually grew into an use-
inhabitants
;
bounded
Lyme, E. by Canaan,
S. by
by ConnectiIt is about 6 miles
cut river.
square and contains 27,745 a-
Lebanon, and
W.
In the
cres of land and water.
river in front of the town there
are three small islands, the
largest of which is 75 rods
long and 20 wide. Moose mountain extends across the town
from N. to S. at a distance of
5 miles from the river. Grafton turnpike passes through the
N.E. part of the town to Or-
At
a short distance
from the colleges there is a
handsome bridge, which con^
ford.
nects this town with Norwich.
There are in Hanover 2 meeting houses, centrally situated
near the colleges, and 4 religious societies, 3 of which are
of the congregational, and 1
of the baptist denomination.
Th^ edifices of Dartmouth
college are situated on a handsome plain in this town, about
half a mile from the river in
This institulatitude 43° 33'.
tion derived its name from the
right Hon. William, Eari of
Dartmouth, who was one of its
first and most generous benefactors.
It was founded by
the pio4is and benevolent Dr.
Eleazer Wheelock, who in
1769, obtained a royal charter,
wherein ample privileges were
tion
of English youth in
all
and flourishing seminary.
In 1754, Dr. Wheelock, having collected large donations
from different parts of England,
Scotland, and America, and esful
pecially
from Mr. Joshua
Moor
of Mansfield, established a
school for the instruction of Indian youth in
Stockbridge,
Massachusetts, to which he
gave the name, of Moor's
school.
As
the
number of candidates
for this school increased, itJae-
came necessary
to erect suita-
That part of
the country, where it was first
established,
having become
populous, a removal was determined on. When this intention became publicly known,
proposals were made by many
private and public characters in
several of the neighbouring colonies. The prudent foresight of
the founder, sanctioned by the
adviceofthe trustees inEngland
in whose harrds the donations
were lodged, and at the head of
ble
buildings.
whom
was the Earl of Dartmouth, induced him to accept
proposals, which wer« made by
the governor of New-Hampshire and other gentlemen in
this state.
The town of Hanover was accordingly fixed up-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
on as the most convenient situation for the school.
His excellency governor Wentworth
soon annexed a charter for an
university, December 13,1769,
which received the name of
Dartmouth college from its
principal benefactor.
The college received large
donations of land including the
whole township of LandafF, besides manv other wild tracts in
different situations, amounting
in the
whole to 44,000
acres.
A
valuable lot of 500 acres in
Hanover was selected as the
site of the school and college.
Besides these donations ofland,
the sum of 340 pounds sterling
was subscribed to be paid in
labour, provisions, and matenals for building.
September,
1770, Dr.
Wheelock removed his family
and school into the wilderness.
In
At first their accommodations
were similar to those of other
settlers.
They erected
log-houses, which they occupied till better edifices qould be
The number of
prepared.
scholars at that time was 24,
6 of whom were Indians.
In 1771, the first commencement was held, and degrees
were conferred on four students, one of whom was John
Wheelock, the son and successor of the founder.
new
The funds of this institution
consist chiefly of lands, which
are increasing in value with
the growth of the country. The
annual revenue from these
lands is not far from §2000
and that arising from tuition
143
has beenS2i00.The number of
students has generally averag-
edlOO.
A grammar school
sisting of about
ars is
con-
50 or 60 schol-
annexed to the college.
The immediate
instruction
and government of the college
entrusted to the president,
is also professor of history,) a professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, a
professor
of languages,
a
professor of divinity, and two
is
(who
During the forty-three
the college was
tutors.
years
since
founded,
grees
whom
men.
it
has conferred de*
upon 1163 students, of
330 have been clergyThe whole rtumber of
students during that period has
been 1387, of whom 225 have
died.
There is attached to this seminary a handsome library and a
complete philosophical apparatus.
In 1786, a new college
was erected three stories high,
and 150 by 50 feet, containing
36 rooms for students. There
are several other buildings belonging to the institution.*
* III
consideration of the present conis now pending' on the concerns of this institution,a particular ac-;
count of its present government is
omitted. In 1815, the trustees removed from office the president (Hon. John
test,
which
Wheelock) and appointed Rev. Fran-
Brown as his successor. In the
course of the same year the legislative
and executive government of NewHampshire erected a new board of
trustees and appointed a new set of
executive officers, to whom the old
trustees and the old officers refuse to
surrender the property or the instruction of the college, until It shall be judicially decidetl, whether the legislature have any power to make the above
cis
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE
144
Commencement is holden on
first Wednesday of Au-
the
There are three vacafrom commencement three and a half weeks,
another from the first Monday
of January, eight and a half
gustt
tions, the first
weeks.
The medical
ment here
is
departrespectable and
It was esextremely useful.
For the
tablished in 1798.
lectures on anatomy the professor is furnished with valuable preparations, and in the
chemical department there is a
well furnished laboratory. The
lectures on anatomy, surgery,
chymistry,materia medica, and
the theory and practice of
physic commence on the first
Wednesday of October and
There
continue eight weeks.
are about 4000 volumes in the
college library, and about 2000
in the libraries
formed by the
students.
Moor's Indian school is connected with the college, having
the same trustees and presiIts annual revenue is
dent.
from S400 to S600.
interference.
The
students generally
have followed the old government although the new-officers have taken
possession of the public rooms, the library,
apparatus.
Sic.
The
old gov-
ernment consist of president Brown,
and professors Adams and Shurtleff.
The new officers are the Rev. William
Allen (acting President,) and professors Dean and Carter. We express no
opinion on the merits of the unhappy
controversy which has produced this
singular situation of the college. It is
ardently hoped, that the questions
pending will soon be decided and the
irfstitution resume its former usefulness and prosperity. Hon. John Wheelock died in April, 1817.
Haveehill, a township on
Connecticut river in Grafton
county, incorporated in 1713,
and containing in 1810 a population of 1 105 ; bounded N.
E. b}' Bath, E. by Coventry,
S.W. by Picrmont, and W. by
Connecticut river, containing
o4,340 acres. Sugar loaf mountain lies on the eastern side of
the town bordering on Coventry.
Oliverian river passes
through the southerly extremity of Haverhill and falls into
Connecticut river at the compact village.
Fisher's brook
passes above the centre of the
town and falls into the river at
the GreatOx-bow or litde bend.
There have been three bridges
thrown from
bury, (Vt.)
this town to
There
is
New-
a hand-
some
village in the southwest
part of the town, containing
50 or 60 dwelling-houses, an
elegant meeting-house, a courthouse,
a county-prison, an
academy, 2 smaller meetinghouses, 3 grain-mills, 5 sawmills, 1 clothing mill, a carding-
machine, and an oil-mill. Irop
ore is found in this town and
also
a quarry of free-stone
suitable for hearths and chimney pieces. The superior court
hold its sessions here for the
county of Grafton.
HAWKE,a township in Rock"
ingham
in 1769,
county, incorporated
and now containing
412 inhabitants bounded N.
by Poplin, E. by Kingston, S.
by Hampstead, and W. by
Sandown, extending over 7000
:
acres.
Exeter
river
passes
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
over the N. W. extremity of
the town, and a part of Chub
pond lies in that part of the
town which borders on Sandown. Hatvke was formerly
a part of Kingston.
The Rev-
John Page was settled here in
1763, and died in 1783, at the
age of 43. There is here an
ancient meeting-house and several mills.
Hebron, a township in Grafton county, containing a population of 563.
Its shape is irregular and is bounded N. by
a part of Rumney, E. and N.
E. by Plymouth, S. E. by
Bridgewater and a part of Alexandria, S. W. by Orange, and
N. W. by Groton. It contains
13,350 acres, 1500 of which
are water. Hebron has 1 meeting-house, several school-houses, mills, and a distillery.
145
the town
is a pleasant village,
containing about 25 dwellinghouses, 2 meeting-houses for
congregationalists,
and
1
for
1
dis-
quakers,
1
tillery,
la another part of the
oil-mill,
and
town there is 1 meeting-house,
4 grist-mills, 6 saw-mills, 1
clothing-mill, and 1 cardingmachine. Rev. Jacob Rice was
ordained here in 1769, and his
successor Rev. Moses Sawyer
is still in office.
Hillsborough, a township
county of that name, incorporated in 1772, and now
containing 1592 inhabitants;
bounded N. by Bradford, E.
by Henniker, S. by Deering
and Antrim, and W. by Windsor and a part of Washington,
comprising an area of 27,320
acres, 500 of which are water.
in the
There
are several ponds in
town, the largest of which,
Lion pond is about 300 rods
long and 200 wide.
Contoocook river waters this town,
and the 4th N. H. turnpike
passes through it.
There is
here a small village, containing
lOor 12 dwelling-houses,4gristmills, 6 saw-mills, 1
factory, 1 carding-machine, and 1
distillery. The Rev. J. Barnes
was ordained here in 1773,
Rev. Stephen Chapin and Seth
this
Henniker, a township in
Hillsborough county, situated
on the banks of Contoocook
river, containing in 1810, a
population of 1608, and bounded N.W. by Warner and the
S. E. extremity of Bradford,
N. E. by Hopkinton, S, E. by
Weare and the N. part of
Deering, and S.W.by Hillsborough, comprising an area of
26,500 acres, 135 of which are
water.
There are only two consid
erable ponds in this town,
Long pohd^ 270 rods long and
80 wide, and Round pond. Contoocook river passes through
the town from W. to E.
On
the banks near the centre of
19
^
Chapin the present minister
have been his successors.
Hilton's Point on Piscataqua river forms the S. E. extremity of the town of Dover wher'*, the main river is
formed by the junction Ne-
�M6
GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
wichawannock and Cochecho
southern and
rivers with the
western branches. From this
point to the sea the distance is
7 miles, and the course S.to S.
The current is here so
E.
rapid that it never freezes.
Hinsdale
lies in the S.
W.
extremity of Cheshire county,
and is bounded S. by Connecticut river
which separates
(Vt.,) N.
Chesterfield.
from Vernon
it
and
Its
by
E.
southern line extends to Mas-
sachusetts and adjoins Northfield.
Its area is 14,000 acres.
Hinsdale was incorporated
in 1753, and in 1810, it con-
tained 740 inhabitants.
Ashu-
junction
here with the Connecticut. The
6th N. H. turnpike passes
through this plar.e to BrattleboroMgh (Vt.) West river mountain rises from the bank of the
river,neai* the borders of Cheselot
river
forms
its
This town was formerly called Fort Dummer,
and its situation is pleasant.
There is here a baptist and a
terfield.-
congregational meeting-house,
and a few
mills,
several
stores.
prisoners.
How and
town were
attacked from an ambush, and
How was killed. The Indians
proceeded to the fort, where
In July,
1
775^
Mr. Grout of
Mr.
this
the families of these men residThe people within, heared.
ing their approach and being
anxious to learn the cause of
the fi.ring they had just heard,
impatiently
opened
their
doors upon the savages, whom
in the dusk of the evening they
mistook for their friends. The
families consisting of 14 persons were made prisoners, among whom was the wife of
How. (See Belknap, Vol.
III.)
HoLLis, a townshipin Hillsborough county, incorporated
in 1746, and containing in 1810,
a population of 1529 bounded
N. by Amherst and Millford,
E. by Dunstable, S. by the line
of the state, W. by Brookline,
;
Fort Dummer was built in
1740, at the expense of Massachusetts, and there was also another fort here, called Hinsdale
and Bridgeman
der the command of captain
Willard discovered a party of
the enemy in ambush near the
mill, whom they put to flight
with the loss of their packs.
On the 8th of December,1747,
Hinsdale fort was bravely defended by four families, a fort
was burnt and several persons
were killed and others taken
fort.
On
comprising
19,620
There are here
sevei-al
acres.
ponds,
the 26th of June, 1746, a
attacked
of Indian's
Bridgeman fort,killed one per-
Long^
and Rocky pondsy averaging
from 3 to 600 acres each. Nis-
son and captured several othThe inhabitants dared
ers.
go to mill without a
not
guard, and several of thera un-
sitisset river
party
\\x. Flint's^ Penechuncky
crosses its S. W»
extremity, and Nashua river
its S. E. on which are two falls
of eleven feet each. There is
�gazetteer; of new-hampshire.
here a small village containing a congregational meetingRev. Daniel Emerhouse.
son was settled here in lf43,
and died in 1810, aged 86.
Rev. Eli Smith, his successor,
is the present pastor.
There
are in this town many valuable
mill seats
and several
in
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1765, and now containing 2216 inhabitants ; bounded
N. by Bossawen and Warner,
E. by Concord, S. by Bow,
Dunbarton,andWeare, and W.
by Henniker, comprising 26,
acres.
Contoocook river
has a serpentine course through
town
and
receives
Black water and Warner riv-
this
There is in this town a
handsome village containing about 50 dwelling-houses, a coners.
gregational meeting-house,several stores, mechanic shops, &c.
There is also in other parts
of the town a baptist and several other meeting-houses. The
soil in Hopkinton is generally
of an excellent quality. Rev.
Stephen Scales was ordained
here in 1757, and removed in
1770, his successors have been
Rev. Elijah Fletcher, Jacob
Cram, and Ethan Smith the
present paster.
Elder Abner
Jones was ordained over the
baptist church in 1814.
Hopkinton is upon the whole a
handsome
flourishing
and
town.
One term of the superior court and one of the common pleas is held here annually.
On the 27th of April, 1746,
a party of Indians entered one
of the garrisoned houses in this
town, the door having been accidentally left open.
Eight of
the people were carried off,
and several of them died in
captivity.
mills.
HoPKiNTON, a township
967
14f
Indian Stream rises in the
lands which divide this
state from Lower Canada, and
is UHdoubtedly the most northhigh
ern branch of Connecticut rivFrom its source to Stewartstown, a distance
of 30
miles, its course is direct.
er.
IflNGLAss River has its
source in Bow pond on the
county line between Northv/ood and Harrington, receives
the waters of several ponds in
Barrington and falls into Cochecho river at the south part
of Rochester.
Israel's River receives a
southerly branch which flows
from the northern side of the
White hills and the township
of Durand, and a northerly
branch from Kilkenny and
Northumberland. These bran*
ches unite at Lancaster in a
main stream which falls into
Connecticut river, on the westerly side of Lancaster village.
This is a beautiful stream, and
bordered with highly cultivated lands.
J.
jAFFREY,a township
hire
in
Ches-
county, incorporated
in
�MS
CA^ETTfiER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
1773, and containing in 1810,
1336 bounded
N. by Dublin, E. by Cheshire
county line, which separates it
from Sharon and Peterborough, S. by Rindge and Fitzwilliam, and W. by a part of
Fitzwilliam and Marlborough,
comprizing an area of 25,600
acres, of which 987 are water.
The north boundary of the
a population of
;
town crosses the Grand Monadnock mountain, which is
more than 2000 feet in height.
Long pond m. the north part of
the town is 400 rods long and
140 wide. Gilmore pond is 300
long and 180 wide. The 3d
N. H. turnpike passes thrifUgh
this
eral
town, and near it is a minspring about one mile
S.E. of the Grand Monadnock.
company has been incorporated for the management of its
waters.
Red ochre has been
found near the spring;, and in
its vicinity have been discovered black lead, copperas^ alum,
sulphur, and an ore yielding
from the action of a common
forge, a copper coloured metal.
On the N.W.side of the mountain a cave has been discovered, difficult of access, although
it has an area 80 feet square.
Here is found also that rare
A
and valuable
tain ash.
A
tree, the mouncompany was in-
corporated in this town in 1813,
for the manufactory of cotton
and woollen goods, their fac-
on t>he turnuppermost factory on Contoocook river,and is
intended to employ 1000 cot-
tory
pike.
is
situated
It is the
ton spindles. There are several
mills in its vicinity.
Another company has been
incorporated in this town for
manufacturing
the
various
kinds of crockery and earthen
Belonging to this comware.
pany is an extensive mine of
white clay in the town of Monkton (Vt.) whence it is transported to Jaffrey. This clay
has been analyzed and compared by skilful chemists with
that from which the
white ware
is
European
made and no
has been
discovered.
The practicability of the above plan has been
fully ascertained by the progress already made in the mandifference in quality
Rev. Laban Ainsworth was ordained here in
1782, and is still in office.
There are here a baptist and a
congregational society, for each
of which there is a meetingufacture.
house.
Jefferson, a township ia
Coos county formerly called
Dartmouth, lying on the banks
of Israel's river, which passes
from its southern to its western extremity.
It was incorporated in 1765, and now contains about 200 inhabitants.
It is bounded N. by Barker's
location and a part of LanE. by Kilkenny, S.
caster,
ungranted
by
lands
and
Bretton Woods, and W^ by
Bretton Woods and Whitefield,
cres,
ter.
comprising
26,076
300 of which are
a-
wa-
�149
GAZEXrEER OF N^EW-HAMPSHIRE.
Pondcherry pond in this town
200 rods in diameter,
and forms the source of one
of the branches of John's river.
Pondcherry bay is about 200
rods long and 100 wide. In
the N. E. part of the town lies
Plinny mountain and in the S.
W. part is Pondcherry moimis
'
The Jefftrson turnpike
tain.
passes through this place to
Lancaster. There are here 2
grain-mills and 1 saw-mill.
John's
River
has
the
source of its most southerly
branches in Bretton Woods,
Whitefield, and Dalton, of its
middle branch in Pondcherry
pond^ and of its northern, in
Martin's meadow in LancusThese branches unite in
tcr.
the upper part of Daltan in a
main stream, which falls into
the Connecticut river at the
upper bar of the 15 miles falls.
The mouth is here 30 yards
wide.
while ascending was astonished at the singular appearance of the stones, which form
the body of the mountain as
well as of those which lie on its
They all appear to
surface.
have been once in a fluid state,
or to have composed the bottom of some sea. The large
masses, as well as the detached pieces, were full of
small pebbles of all sizes,forms,
and colours, confusedly thrown
The
together and cemented.
small stones retain their perfect shape in the solid mass of
which they form a part. The
whole appearance in short, inthese pebbles
dicated, that
were once in a separate state
and were consolidated by some
unknown
'
cause.
Kearsarge Mountain,
in
Hillsborough county, lies partly in Kearsarge Gore and partly in Sutton.
Its easterly
ex-
tremity extends to New-Salis-
This is
bury and Andover.
one of the second vange in the
K.
state.
Kearsarge Mountain,
in
Kearsarge Gore,
Coos county, lies on the dividing line between Bartlett and
This is the third
Chatham.
borough county,
range of mountains in the state.
Its height has not been ascer-
in Hills-
on the
habitants,
tained.
A
gentleman,
who
resides
neighbourhood of this
range observes, that in October, 1812, he went in company
with two of his neighbours to
view the mountain, which lies
on the north of Conway, and
in the
southerly
mountain.
lies
side of Kearsarge
It contains 152 in-
and is bounded N.,
by Wilmot, E. by Salisbury, S.
by Warner, and W. by Sutton,
comprizing an area of 428
acres.
In the year 1807, that part
of Kearsarge Gore together
with a part of New-London
was incorporated into a town
by the name of Wilmot.
�150
GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE,
Keene, one of the
pal townships
in
princi-
the county
incorporat-
of Cheshire, was
ed in 1752, and in 1810, <;on-
tained 1646 inhabitants; bounded N. by Gilsum, Surry, and
Westmoreland, E. by Surry
and Roxbury, S. by Swansey,
and W. by Chesterfield and
Westmoreland, and contains
23,843 acres.
Ashuelot river passes thro'
this town and receives here
the eastern branch of Beaver
brook. The 3d N. H. turnpike has its course through
here, and meets the branch and
Chester turnpikes and several
other principal roads.
Keene
contains a very handsome village of about 60 dwelling housbank,
es,
a meeting-house,
court-house, gaol, and several
stoies, &c. About a mile from
the village, a canal is cut from
Ashuelot river, on which is a
woollen factory,an oil-mill, and
several other mills.
were to rush
the
fort.
in
and surprize
Ephraim
who happened
to
Dounan
go out very
early discovered the ambush
and gave the alarm. He brave-
defended himself against 2
Indians, from one of whom
he took a gun and a blanket,
which he carried to the fort.
The Indians succeeded in burning several houses and barns,
and from the bones found among the ashes, it was ascertained that several of the enemy were destroyed in the
flames. John Bullard and Nathan Blake were taken captive
and carried to Canada where
Blake remained 2 years. He
died in Keene 181 1, at the age
of 99. He was one of the
of this place, to
first settlers
ly
which he removed in 1736,
from Wrentham, (Mass.) He
married a second wife at the
age of 94. Two of his brothers lived to the age of 90, and
a sister to 100.
The Rev. Jacob Bacon was
in 1738, and has
been succeeded by the Rev.
Messrs. Carpenter, Sumner,
and Hall, the latter of whom
died in 1814.
This town was formerly
settled here
Upper Ashuelot.
In
1746, the Indians commenced
their depredations here, and in
the course of the next year
they formed a plan to surprize
the fort in this place.
In the
evening they concealed themselves in a swamp, where they
intended to lie till the people
should go out to their work
the next morning, when they
called
Kensington, a townehip in
Rockingham county, incorporated in 1737, and now containing 781 inhabitants; bounded N. by Exeter, E. by Hampton Falls, S. by Soutlxampton,
and W. by East-Kingston.
Kensington was formerly a
part of Hampton. Rev. Joseph
Fogg was settled in this town
time of its incorporation
There are
and died in 1 800.
here two religious societies
and two meeting-houses.
at the
Kilkenny, a township in
Coos county, of an irregular
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
I'orm
and mountainous surface,
incorporated in 1774, and now
containing only 28 inhabitants ;
bounded N. E. by Durand,
Mainsborough, Paulsburg,and
Dummer, N. and S. by ungranted lands, and W. by Barker's location, Jefferson, Lancaster, and Piercy, and con-
A
branch
of Nashes stream crosses the
northerly extremity of this
tains 15,906 acres,
town and
Israel's river
its
southern.
Kingston, a township in
Rockingham county, incorporated 1694, and now containing a population of 746 ; bounded N. by Brentwood, E. by
East-Kingston, S. by Newton
and Plaistow, and W. by
Hampstead and Hawke, containing 12,188 acres, of which
Great pond^
800 are water.
containing about 500 acres, and
about 300 acres of County
pond are in this town. In these
ponds Powow river has its
source.
Ward
Clark was setand died in
Rev. Messrs. Secomb,
1737.
Tappan,and Thayer have been
post road
his successors.
leading from Boston to Portsmouth passes through this
town. There is here an ex-
Rev.
151
back mountain. Taking a southerly course,it passes into Deerfield and receives the waters
of Martin's pond, and in Candia a stream called Second river falls into
es into
it.
Thence
it
Raymond, where
passit
re-
western
a
branch.
I'hence taking a southerly direction, it unites with the waters of Jones' pond in Deerfield, and thence as it flows on
through Epping, it receives
Petuckaway river, and after a
bend to the N. E. it receives
North river. After a course
thence through Lee to Durham, it unites with Piscasick
river from Newmarket.
It
meets the tide water about two
miles above the Great bay.
ceives
Lancaster, a township
m
Coos couHty, on the eastern
bank of Connecticut river, incorporated in 1763, and containing in 1810, a population of
717 inhabitants. It is bound-
ed N. E. by Northumberland
and Kilkenny, S. E. by Barker's location and a part of
tensive
W. by Dalton,
by Connecticut river,
containing 23,480 acres.
It
lies about 50 miles above Hanover.
In this town is Martin^&
meadow pondy about 260 rods
long and 150 wide, and also
Martinis meadow hill on the
Lamprey River has its
source in the town of Northwood, on the W.sidc of Saddle
The
north side of the pond.
village is about one mile distant from the river, and contains a meeting-house, courthouse, gaol, &c. Through this
village passes Israel's river
which falls into the Connecti-
tled here in 1725,
A
plain on which stands
a commodious meeting-house.
L.
Whitefield, S.
and
W.
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
152
Incut at the Great Ox-bow.
dian brook waters the other
extremity of the town. Lancaster is united by a bridge
There
with Guildhall (Vt.)
are here several grain-mills
and saw-mills, an oil-mill, a
qlothing-mill, and a cardingmachine, a nail-factory, and 2
distilleries.
The Rev. J.Wil-
lard is the minister here.
Landaff,
in
Grafton coun-
was incorporated in 1794,
and now contains 650 inhabitants.
It is bounded N. E. by
Concord (Vt.) and a part of
Franconia, E. by Lincoln and
taining 632 inhabitants.
It is
bounded N. by Charleston,
Ac worth and Alstead,
by Acworth and Walpole,
and W. by Charleston, comprising 9,891 acres. The Cheshire turnpike leading \ from
Walpole to Charleston passes
through this town. Cold river
flows through Langdon and
E. by
S.
receives
here
its
northern
branch, which passes thro' Unity, Acworth, and Charleston.
ty
part of Peeling, S. W. by
Coventry, and W. by Bath,
comprising 29,200 acres.
a
Through this town passes
Wild Amonoosuck river,
the
on the north bank of which
is
it
contemplated to extend the
Bath
Over
turnpike.
the
west extremity of Landaff^ the
Great Amonoosuck
passes.
Landa^ mountain J Cobble mountain^ and Bald head mountain
are in this town.
Landa^was
granted to Dartmouth college
in 1769. There is here a methodist meeting-house, 2 cornmills, and 2 saw-mills, 2 distilleries,
and 4 shops.
The
first
ordained minister of the town
was Elder Royse. The centre
of Landaff is about 9 miles
5^. from Connecticut river.
-
Langdon, a township in
Cheshire county, 5 miles east
from Connecticut river, incorporated in 1787, and now con-
Lebanon,
W.
in the S.
a township lying
part of Cheshire
county, incorporated in 1761,
and now containing 1808 inhabitants bounded N.by Hanover, S. E. by Enfield, S. by
the line of Cheshire county,
which separates it from Plainfield, and W. by Connecticut
river which separates it from
Hartford (Vt.) its area is
;
22,998 acres. The Croydon
turnpike and the 4th N. H.
turnpike pass through
this
town
to
Lyman's bridge. At
White river empties
this place
itself
into
the
the
Connecticut.
White river
turnpike meets the two roads
Here
also
above mentioned.
Mascomy
river flows through
Lebanon from a pond of the
same name, on the borders of
There are here 2 reEnfield.
and 1 meetinghouse for the cqngregationalists, over whom Rev. J.Porter
was ordained in 1772. Lebanon contains 8 grist-mills, 9
ligious societies
saw-mills, 3 clothing-mills,
distillery, and 4 shops.
1
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMP^SHIRE.
Lee, a township in the south
part of the county ot Strafford,
incorporated in 1 766, and now
containing a population of 1329
bounded N. by
Madbury, E. by Durham, S.
inhabitants
;
by Newmarket and Epping,
and W. by Nottingham and
Barrington, comprising an area of 11,467 acres, 165 of
which are water.
In the north part of the
lies Wheelxiiright pond,
165 acres,
containing about
and forming the principal
source of Oyster river. From
the N. W. extremity of Newmarket, Lamprey river enters
Lee, and after a serpentine
course of about seven miles it
town
Anothpasses into Durham.
er part of the town is watered
and North rivThrough the north part
of Lee the N. H. turnpike
by
Little river
er.
153
Washington, S. by Marlow,
and W. by Acworth, comprising an area of 21,410 acres.
Near the border of Washington is a pond about 320 rods
long and 80 wide, and another
lying partly in Marlow 420
long and 70 wide, besides several others of a
smaller size.
Lempster is also watered by
Sugar river and two branches
of Cold river. The easterly
pait of the town is mauntainonis, over which part passes
2d N. H. turnpike from
Amherst to Claremont.
In
the
town also the Charleston
turnpike branches off.
There
are here 7 school-houses, and
congregational
1
meetinghouse.
Rev. E. Fisher was
the first and only minister ever settled in this town.
He
was ordained in 1787, and is
this
still in office.
from Portsmouth to
Concord.
There is here a Friend's
meeting-house and another for
several grist and
the baptists
In 1812, eighteen persons
died in this town, and twelve
of them of the spotted fever.
In 1813, five others died of
that disease.
This fever first
a
appeared in Lempster on the
20th of March, 1812, and continued spreading its malignant
contagion till the 3d of April.
In 1813, it again appeared about the middle of April, and
passes
;
saw-mills,
1
clothing-mill,
carding-machine, and several
Lee was formerly a
shops.
part of Durham and Dover.
The first settled minister here
was Elder S. Hutchins, who
has been succeeded by Elder
Elias Smith, and the present
pastor Elder J.-Osborn.
Lempster, a township in
Cheshire county, incorporated
in 1761, and containing inlSlO,
a population of 845 inhabitants.
Unity,
It is
E.
bounded N. by
by Goshen and
20
in
June
it
assumed the form
of the mild typhus. In 1803,
twenty-four children died here
in two months of the scarlati-
na an^inosa.
j.s.
T.A.
Lincoln,
a mountainous
Grafton county,
incorporated in 1 764, and now
township
in
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
154
100 inhabitants
containittg
bounded N. by Franconia, E.
by ungranted lands, S. by
Peeling, and W. by Landaff,
;
comprising an area of 32,456
here in 1765, and removed ia
1781.
His successors have
been Rev. Messrs. Rand and
Kennedy, and another gentleman lately ordained.
acres.
In this trown
is
situated the
Hay-Stack ?nountainy which
is
said to be the highest land in
the state excepting the White
There are also
mountains.
several other lofty eminences
in this town.
Through the centre of Lincoln passes
er
in
a
Pemigewasset
northerly
riv-
direction.
The waters descending from
the mountains here flow partly
into the Merrimack and partly
In the
into the Connecticut.
north part of this town there
are two large gulfs,
made by
an extraordinary discharge of
water from the clouds in
1774.
Litchfield, a small township in Hillsborough county,
lying on the east side of Merrimack river opposite to the
town of Merrimack.
It
was
incorporated in 1 749, and contained in 1810,382 inhabitants.
It is bounded E. by Londonderry and Nottingham West,
by Nottingham West, and
by the Merrimack. In
this town are CromwelPs falls
ThorntorCs and
and Jerry,
ReeiTs ferries, zr\d Maoris falls.
At Thornton!s ferry the Merrimack is 50 rods wide, and in
There
other points about 28.
are in this town several mills
and one meeting-house. Rev.
Samuel Cotton was ordained
S.
W.
Littleton, a township in
the northern extremity of Grafton county, incorporated in
1784, and now containing 876
inhabitants.
It
Is
bounded
N. E. by Dalton, S. E.by Bethlehem, S. W. by Concord and
Lyman, and W. by Connectiwhich separates it
from Waterford and Concord
in Vermont.
Its area is 24,
217 acres.
Zz7?/d'^on extends on the banks
of the Connecticut about 14
cut river,
It is connected with
Concord, (Vt.) by a handsome
miles.
bridge.
The southern part of
the town is watered by the
Amonoosuck
river.
There are
here several mountains, viz.
Bluberry,Black,-And Iron mountains.
There are
sevt;ral mills, a
in this
town
meeting-house,
and about a dozen dwellinghouses.
Little Harbour.
(See
Newcastle.)
Londonderry, a large and
respectable town in Rockingham county, was incorporated
in
a
1722, and contained in 1810,
population of 2766 inhabi-
bounded N. by
and M^inchester, E.
by Hampstead, Sandown, and
Atkinson, S. by S.sh m, Windham, and Nottingham West,
and W. by Litchfield, comtants.
Chester
It is
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
prising an tirea of 44,100 acres.
Derry pond
town is
the principal source of Beaver
in
this
Several other small
ponds in the west part of the
town empty themselves into
this river.
turnpike passes
here leading to Chester. There
are in Londonderry 2 presl>yterian meeting-houses, an academy, 5 grist-mills, 5 saw-mills,
2 clothing-mills, 2 carding-machines, and 6 trading stores.
The first minister here was the
river.
A
Rev. James M'Gregore, who
was ordained
the town was
when
Nui field.
17"! 9,
in
called
He
Rev. M.
died in 1729.
Clark was his successor, who
died soon after his settlement.
Rev. Alexander Thompson
was ordained in 1734, and died
in 1791, at the age of 81. His
successors have been the Rev.
Messrs. Brown and Parker,
156
an ardent thirst for
civil
and
relV-rious liberty.
A
young mun of the name
of Holmes, son of a clergyman, had travelled to America, and earned home such a
favourable report of the country, as induced his father with
three other presbyterian ministers, viz. James M'Gregore,
William Cornwell, and William Boyd, and a large part of
their congregations to emigrate
Having converted their property into money, they embarked in five
ships on the 14th of October,
17l8,-of whom about one hundred families arrived in Boston.
Sixteen of these families
soon rletermined to settle on a
tract of land of which they
into this country.
heard good reports, which was
then called Nutfield, and
Londonderry.
Karly
now
the latter of whom is the preOver the second
sent pastor.
parish the Rev. D. M'Gregore
the
spring the men left their families in Haverhill, (Mass,) and
erected some huts near a brook,
was ordained
which
in 1777.
in
1737, and died
He was
succeeded
by Rev. William Morrison
1783,
who
still
continues
in
in
office.
Londonderry was
settled in
1718, by a company from Ireland, of whom the following
A
a brief history.
company of Scotch presbyterians had
been settled in the province of
Ulster, in the reign of James
They had borne a large
I.
part of the sufferings which
were the common lot of protestants at that unhappy period,
and were thereby inspired with
is
On
in
falls into Beaver river.
the evening after their ar-
nth, 1718,) at this
sermon was preached
by Mr. M'Gregore under a
large oak tree, which to this
day is regarded by the posterrival (April
spot, a
ity
the
with real veneration. On
first administration of the
sacrament here, there were two
ministers and sixty-five communicants.
The
majority of
these first settlers had resided
in or near Londonderry in Ireland, where they had endured
the sufferings of a memorable
siege.
John Barr, William
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHmE.
156
Caldwell, and Abraham Blair,
with several others, who had
suffered in that siege and
em-
barked for America, were, by
a special order of king William,
exempted from taxes in every
part of the British dominions.
The
first
town lived
80,
many
settlers
in
this
to the average df
to 90,
and others to
bove Haverhill, incorporated
in 1761, and containing 018
inhabitants bounded N. E. by
Littleton, S. E. by Concord,
S. W. by Bath, and N. W. by
Connecticut river, which divides it from JBarnet in Vermont.
The soil and productions of
;
Lyman
are similar to those of
in the northern
The pine
JDart of the state.
and hemlock indicate the most
valuable qualities in the soil.
other
100.
The spotted fever prevailed
here in 1814, and carried oif
52 persons.
towns
Over Lndoes
falls in
this
town
LouDON,a township in Rockingham county, incorporated
a bridge has been erected. Two
miles above this spot is Ste-
and now containing
a population of 148 inhabitants.
It is bounded N. E. by Gil-
pheri's ferry.
in 1673,
E. by Pittsfield and
Chichester, S. W. by Concord,
and N. W. by Canterbury,
comprising 28,25-7 acres.
Suncook river, flowing from
Gilmanton, passes through the
western part of this town.
Into this river are emptied the
waters of Crooked pond^ Rollins' pond^ and several others
which lie in this town.
In Loudon there are 2 meeting-housts, 5 grist-mills, 2
carding-machines,3 distilleries,
and 4 trading shops. Rev. J.
Tucker was ordained here in
This town was formerly
1 789.
a part of Canterbury.
manton,
S.
Lovewell's Pond
Is at
the
head of the westerly branch of
Salmon falls river, in the town
of Wakefield.
Lyman, a township in Grafton county, about 13 miles a-
er has
its
Burnhant's rivsource in this town,
and falls into the Amonoosuck
at Concord. Lyman mountain^
which is in fact a continuation
of Gardner's mountain, extends from LandaflF through
this town in a north and south
direction.
On its summit is a
pond 100 rods long and 80
wide, which forms the principal source of Burnhajn's river.
Copper and emery mixed with
been found in
iron ore have
this town.
In the year 1812,
the spotted fever prevailed in
Lyman : it attacked 70 persons,
of whom only one died.
It
is a remarkable fact, that of the
three first families who -settled
in this town there were twenty
sons, of whom seventeen are
now living here. One of the
twenty died by casualty and
the other two live elsewhere.
There are in Lyman 3 gristmills, 3 saw-mills, 2 clothing-
mills, 1
carding-machine,2 disand an oil-mill.
tilleries,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Lyme, a township in Grafton county, incorporated in
1761, and now containing 1670
inhabitants ; bounded N. by
Orford, E. by Dorchester, S.
by Hanover, and W. by Connecticut river, comprizing an
area of 28,500 acres. There
are
several
which
ponds
form
2 saw-mi!ls, a clothing-mill,
and a nail factory. Rev. S.
Goodridge was ordained here
in 1768, died in
1809, and
was succeeded in 1810, by the
present pastor Rev. N. Merrill.
M.
Lynoe,
sources of
in
the
Grant's^ and Fairfield
brooks. Grafton turnpike pass-
Mad
Port's^
es through this
bridge.
There
town
is
to
Orford
here a small
village containing a presbyte-
rian meeting-'house, 10 dwelling-houses, 3 stores, &c. There
are also in other parts of the town
a baptist meeting-house, several grist and saw-mills, and a
carding-machine. Rev.W.Connant was settled here in 1773,
J5r
River
has
its
source,
pond on a mountain
a
in
'
in
ungranted part of Grafton county, about 10 miles
N. from Sandwich. Taking a
the
southerly course, it crosses the
S. E. extremity of Thornton
into Pemigewasset
Campton.
To this
junction from its source its
and
falls
river
at
course
is
southwest about 14
miles.
and was succeeded by the present minister, Rev. N.Lambert.
Madbury,
a
township in
Strafford county, incorporated
1755, and now containing
a population of 582 inhabitants;
bounded N. E. by Dover, S.
Lyndeborough, a township
of an irregular shape, in Hillsborough "county bounded N.
by Francestown, E. by New-
in
W.
by
Boston and Mount-Vernon, S.
by Milford and Wilton, and
W. by Greenfield and Temple.
It contains 20,767 acres, and
inhabitants,
was in1074
N.
W.
ity
and under excellent
;
corporated in 1764.
by Barrington, comprizing an area of 8,125 acres.
Bellamy bank river has its
source in Chelsey's pond in
passes
Barrington,
through
Madbury in a serpentine course
and is the only considerable
stream which waters the place.
The soil here is of a good qual-
Among
the mountains in the N. part
of the town Sowhegan river
has its source. Through other parts of the town flow Pis-
On
meeting-house, in which Elder W. Hooper officiates.
the S. side of this
mountain stands the meetinghouse of the town- There are
also in the town 2 grain-mills,
culti-
vation.
The inhabitants are
generally baptists and have a
cataquog and Rocky rivers.
Warner^s brook takes its rise
near a mountain 1450 feet in
heigh-t.
Durham and Lee, and
.
Manchester,
'
in
a township
Hillsborough county, situat-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-IIAMPSHIRK.
158
ed on the eastern bank of Merrimack river. It was incorporated in 1752, bv the name of
Derryfield, and in 1810, reIt is
ceived its present name.
bounded N. and E. by Chester,
S. by Londonderry, and W.
by Merrimack river, which
separates it from B<^dford and
Goffstown, comprizing an area
of 15,071 acres,550ol which are
Massabesick pond lies
Amuskeag
partly in this town.
falls and 3PGreg'ore^s bridge
are on the Merrimack between
Goffstown.
town and
this
Blodgct^s canal is cut round the
quarters near Memphremagog
They then adopted him as
a son and clothed him in fine
robes.
This early captivity,
from which he soon escaped,
qualified him for the duties of a
partisanofficerinthesucceeding
lake.
war, from which station he was
afterwards exalted to the rank
of major general of the continental army.
water.
on the Manchester side.
Througii the lower part of the
town Cohass brook flows from
Massabesick pond to Merrimack
river, and a canal is projected
for the purpose of making this
falls
canal navigable for boats, rafts,
Manchester has 1 meet&c.
ing-house, several mills, and
a coiton and woollen factory.
This town is the residence
of Maj. Gen. John Stark, the
hero of Bennington. There is
an anecdote related of this ven-erable man, which is not generally
known, and for that rea-
has
among
the high
lands, which separate Maine
from Lower Canada, in the N.
source
E. extremity of New-Hampshire, about 30 miles N. from
Errol. After a southerly course
of nearly 20 miles on the western border of Maine, it enters
New- Hampshire
at the S.
E. part of the 2d
grant
to
Dartmouth
where
it
college,
forms a junction with the united streams of Dead and Di-
mond
Thence after a
rivers.
southerly course of about 6
milts to Errol it receives the
waters of Umbagog lake. Afthe main
ter this junction
stream is the Ameriscoggin
river.
may
not be unacceptable
While hunting when a
here.
young man with three companions on the banks of Baker's river he was captured by
He immea party of Indians.
son
Margallaway River
its
gave the alarm to his
brother William, who was in a
canoe at some distance and
For
who thereby escaped.
giving this alarm the Indians
treated him with great cruelty
arid carried him to their head
diately
Marlborough, a township
Cheshire county, incorporated in 1776, and now containin
bounded
N. by Roxbury, E. by Dublin
ing 1142 inhabitants
;
and Jaffrey, S. by Fitzwilliam,
and W. by Swansey and a part
of Keene. Its area is 20,749 aThe 3d N. H. and the
cres.
pass
Fitzwilliam turnpikes
through this town. There are
ponds, which
here several
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-H AMPS HIRE.
form the source of some of the
of Ashuclot river.
brnnches
The soil is rocky, suitable for
grain and flax and particularly
Kev. Joseph Cumfor grass.
miugs, the fiist minister in this
town, was ordained in 1778,
and dismissed in 1780. His
successor, Rev. H. Fish, was
ordained
in
1793, and
is still
Marlborough concongregational meetinghouse, a manufactory of sithes
and hoes, and another of earthen ware, several mills, and 1
carding-machine. The annual
average number of deaths in
this town for 20 years past has
been about 1 3. Capt. Andrew
Calhoun, an officer killed in the
revolutionary war, was of this
town.
in
office.
tains
1
,
Marlow, a township situatin the centre of Cheshire county, was incorporated
in 1761, and now contains 566
inhabitants ; it is bounded N.
ed nearly
by Acworth and Lempster, E.
by Washington and Stoddard,
S. by a part of Gilsum, and W.
by Alstead, comprising an area of \S^Ti7 acres.
Several
branches of Ashuelot river
rise in the small ponds of this
town, and its western part is
watered by a branch of Cold
river.
There is here a meeting-house in
which Elder
Caleb Blood was ordained
in 1777.
He has been succeeded by Elders Becket, Dustin, and Bates, the latter of
whom
is
now
in office
and be-
longs to the order oi method-
159
ists. Here are several grist and
saw-mills, and 1 trading shop.
Mascomy Pond
lies princ-
town of Enfield,
adjacent to Lebanon.
It is
1200 rods long and about 250
wide and contains 2,375 acres.
ipally in the
The surrounding
lands fully
indicate that the surface of the
pond was once 30 or 40
higher than
its
feet
present level.
There are also appearances of
a sudden rupture, as there are
no matksof any margin between
present and former height.
Nearly a mile from its present
its
outlet there
is a declivity of
rocks 40 feet higher than the
present level of the water.
These rocks exhibit proofs,
that the water once passed over
them, but it has now formed a
channel through the solid earth,
nearly a mile in length.
Mascomy River has the
source of its northern branch
in Smart's pond between Lvme
and Dorchester. This branch
has a southerly course to Canaan, where it receives the waters of Smart's and
Goose
ponds.
In Enfield it receives
the waters of East and IVJaid's
ponds and several others, and
empties
itself into
the
south-
of Mascomy pond.
The outlet of this pond is its
S. E. extremity in Lebanon
and there receives the name of
Mascomy river, which after a
course of 7 miles, falls into the
Connecticut a few miles below
east side
Lyman's
bridge.
�GAZETTEER OF ]vrEW-HAMFSHIKE.
160
Mason, a township in Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1 768, and in 1810 conIt is
tained 1077 inhabitants.
bounded N. by Wilton, E. by
Milford and Brookline, S. by
the state line, which separates
it from Ashby and Townsend
in Mass., and W. by New-Ipswich, containing 18,860 acres.
Several small streams rise here
and water the town, on which
are many valuable mill seats.
The village here is called Sou-
and contains 10
or 12 dwelling-houses and 2
stores. The 3d N.H. turnpike
hegan
village
passes through the S. W. corner of the town. The soil here
is generally deep and loamy,
suitable to orchards and grain.
The surface is rough and stony.
Mason contains a meetinghouse, a large grain mill, and
several other mills,aad a cotton
Rev.
factory of 500 spindles.
minister in
J. Starles the first
this place was ordained in 1 772,
and was succeeded by Rev. E.
Hill in 1790, who is still in of-
Elder
fice.
tled over
this
W.
Elliot
is
set-
a baptist church in
town.
A
species of ochre is found
here, which in its natural state
gives a good yellow, and after
being burned yields a chocolate
In the northern part
colour.
of the town is a remarkable
channel was dug to
gulf.
turn a small stream through a
A
for the purpose of carrying
Bt;fore it was
of a small mill.
completed, a sudden freshet
hill
raised the water in one night,
so as to carry off the
to the depth of 60 feet.
Maynesborough, an
tled
ty,
township
containing
in
earth
e.h.
\
unset-
Coos coun-
34,106
acres,
and bounded N. by Paulsburgh, E. by Success, S. by
Selbunl and Durand, and W.
Ameriscoggin
by Kilkenny.
river passes through its easterly part where it receives Levi'fi
river from Success, and the
!
\
south branch of the Upper Amonoosuck from Paulsburgh.
This township lies 12 miles N.
of Mount Washington and
the same distance W. from the
eastern line of the state, and E.
from Lancaster.
Meredith, in Strafford
county, incorporated in 1768,
contained in 1810, a population
of 1940. It is bounded N. W.
by New-Hampton and Centreharbor, N. E. by the Great
bay which divides it from
Moultonborough,
S.
E.
by
Long bay and Winnipiseogee
river which separates it from
Gilford, and S. W. by San-
bornton bay and Sanbornton,
comprising an area of Z5^777
acres.
Two large bays in this
vicinity extend N. W. about 5
miles each, and on the line
of Centreharbor is Meredith
pond 2 miles in length and 1
Two mile» S. of
in breadth.
this is another pond 300 rods
long and 100 wide. The first
of these empties into Meredith
into Sanbai/y and the latter
They might
bornton bay.
,
�GAZETTEER
01
be united by a canal of 2 miles.
At Meredith bridge is a handsome village containing about
15 dwelling-houses, several
stores, mechanic shops, and a
In the whole
cotton factory.
town there are 4 meetinghouses, several mills, a carding-machine, a nail factory, 2
trading
and
distilleries,
7
stores.
The
inhabitants are generbaptist persuasion.
Elder N. Folsom is the only
ordained minister in the place.
canal has been projected
from Winnipiseogee lake to
ally of the
A
Merrimack
river,
which would
pass through Meredith, west
This plan if
of the bridge.
completed, would afford to
lumber and other heavy articles
a water carriage to Boston
and Newbury port from the
centre of
New-Hampshire.
Merrimack
River
is
formed by two branches. The
most northern of which, (Pemigewasset river) has
its
source
among the White mountains.
The other branch is a short
stream which flows from Winnipiseogee lake. These form
a junction at the S.W. extremity of Sanbornton, on the line
of Hillsborough county, and
compose the Merrimack^ the
general course of which is S.
by E. about 52 miles on a direct line (but about 80 miles as
the river runs,) to the southern
boundary of the state. From
Sanbornton corner it passes between Northfield, New-Salisbury, Canterbury, and Boscaw21
NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
161
These towns are connected by bridges. The Merri"
mack receives the Contoocoofc
river on the northern line of
Concord. From this junction
en.
the Merrimack passes in a serpentine course through the centre of Concord, forming a large
tract
of excellent intervale.
Two bridges are thrown over
the river, connecting the eastern and western parts of Concord.
The Merrimack^ after
leaving this town passes be-
tween Pembroke and Bow. In
Bow there is a canal on the
western side of the river round
Garvin's falls, and just above
these falls
Turkey river empdoes Suncook riv-
ties itself, as
er at the lower extremity of
Pembroke. About 400 rods
below the mouth of the Suncook are the Isle of Hookset
falls and bridge, over which
passes the Londonderry turnpike leading to Concord. Amuskeag falls are about 8 miles
below ; these consist of three
large pitches within
tance of half a mile
fall
of 80
feet.
the dis-
making a
There is a ca-
round these
falls on the
eastern side of the river and at
this place. M'Gregore's bridge
connects
Manchester
and
nal
Goffstown. At the lower part
of GolFstownCohass brook empties itself.
At the town of
Merrimack, about 5 miles farther
down, Sowhegan
empties
river
does the
Nashua river 7 miles lower on
the western side, flowing from
the town of Dunstable.
At
this town it takes an easterly
itself,
as
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
162
direction, passing into
Tyngs-
borough, Chelmsford, &c. in
Massachusetts, and at N<rw-buryport
it
falls into
the sea.
Wilton, comprising an area of
15,402 acres. This town was
incorporated in 1794, and in
1810, its population was 1118.
large portion of its land is
intervale, lying on Sowhegan
river and ics branches.
Rev.
A
Merrimack,
a township in
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1746, and containing a
of 1047 souls ;
populatipn
H. Moore, the present minister
was ordained over the congre-
bounded N. by Bedford, E. by
Merrimack river, S. by Dunstable, and W. by Amherst and
Mollis. Babboosuckund Fenny-
gational society here in 1812.
There is also a baptist society
without any settled pastor.
chunck ponds lie partly in this
town, and Sowhegan river here
unites with the Merrimack.
a
There are
in
this
Merry-MeetingBay
arm
ot
forms
Winni-
piseogee lake, extending about
5 miles therefrom into Alton.
(Vide Alton.)
MiDDLETON,
in
Strafford
county, was incorporated in
1778, and contains 439 inhabitants bounded N. by Brookfield, E. by Wakcfirld, S, by
Milton, and W. by New-Durham, comprising 9,840 acres.
There is here a meeting-house
;
in
which
Elder
here a meeting-house,
factory erected in
1813, a screw factory, several
mills, and 2 carding-machines.
is
cotton
town a
meeting-house, several mills,
and 3 trading stores. Rev. Jacob Burnhap,D.D. was ordained
herein 1772,and is still in office.
the southeastern
There
W. Buzzel
The Great Moose
mountain extends over the N.
officiates.
Milton,
in Strafford counformerly a part of
Rochester, and \» bounded N.
W. by Middleton, E. by Salmon falls river, which divides
it
from Shapley (in Maine,)
and S.W; by Farmington. Its
area is 25,000 acres, and lii
number of inhabitants 1005.
It extends more than 13 miles
Branch
on S ilmou falls river.
river crosses the S.W. extremity of the town.
Teneriffe
mountain lies on its easterly
is
Milton
side, near which
pond. The southerly extremis
ty of IMilton is 9 miles and 82
rods dist.int from Witkefield.
There are here 3 religious societies, i meeting-house, 3 grainty,
was
mills, 3 saw-mills,
and 3 trading
mill,
1
clothing-
stores.
part of the town.
MiLFORD,
Hillsborough
county, is bounded N. by
Mount- Vernon and Lyndeborough, E, by Amherst, S. by
Hollis, and W. by Mason and
in
MiLLSFiELO, an uninhabitm Coos county, 7
ed tov/iiship
miles W. of Umhagoi:^ lake
and 35 N. from the White
hills bounded N. by Dixville,
E. by Errol, S. by Dummer,
;
�GAZETTEER OF NE\f -HAMPSHIRE.
'
lea
W. by Erving's location. the state, deriving its name
comprises 24^100 acres, and from the great numbers of
was incorporated in 1774: moose which were formerly
Clear stream waters its nortl- found here.
It is situated in
ern extremity and Phillip's
the E. part of Coventry near
river with several branches of
Peeling.
Baker's river has its
the Ameriscoggin its southern
source on the easterly side of
parts.
There are here sevt.ral this ridge. Snow has been
ponds, the largest of which is found on its summit in every
300 rods long and 140 wide.
month except July,
and
It
MoNADNOCK Mountain
is
MouLTONBOROUGH,in Straf-
Chrshirc county, on the line
between Jeffrey and Dublin,
10 miles N. from Massachusetts, 20 E. fronij Connecticut
Its base is J 395 feet
river.
and its summit 3254 above the
The diamelevel of the sea.
miles
5
ter of its base is
from N. to S., 3 from E. to
W. and its summit consists of
ford county, lies on the N. extremity of Winnipiseogee lake.
It was incorporated in 1777,
and its population in 1810, was
in
a bald rock.
,
Mohawk River has its rise
among Dixvilk mountains, and
through
Colebrook, receives some considerable streams from Stcwafter a westerly course
art^town,
ver river.
among which
It
empties
is
Bea-
N.
extremity of Stewartstown^
MoosE River
has
994
its
source
on the N. side oi the White
mountains near the township of
Durand, through which it flows
Its
into the Ameriscoggin.
mouth
Its
Shelburn.
in
is
source is within 5 miles of that
of Israel's river, which falls into the Connecticut.
MoosEHiLLOCK, one of the
highest ranges of mountains in
souls
;
bounded
N. by
S'lndwich and Tamworth, N.
E. by a part of Ossipee, S. E*
by Tuftonborough, and W. by
Ccntreharborand Squam pond,
containing 32,163 acres.
Tliis place derived its
name
from Gen. Jonathan Moulton
ot H:impton, who was one of
its eariiest and largest proprietors, and New-Hampton, which
was taken from it, was also
named
at his request after the
place of his residence.
Moultonbarough
itself in-
to the Connecticut n'^ar the
W.
^
S.
W.
lies
near the
side of the Great Ossi-
pee mountain, and it is observed, that in N. E. storms the
wind passes over the mountain
like water over a dam, and
with such force, as frequently
to unroof iiouses.
The Rev.
S. Perley was settled here in
1778, and removed the next
year.
His successor the Rev,
J.
Shaw
is still in office.
There
here a pleasant village of 10
or 12 dwelling-houses, a meeting-house, 1 store, 4 grainmills, 5 saw-mills, 2 clothing?
is
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
164
and a carding-machine.
is in the N. W. part of
the town, and Red hill river
mills,
Red hill
pusses through its northerly
part and falls into Winnipiseogee lake. The spotted fever
It
here in 1813.
pri' vailed
attacked some hundreds but
carried off only 30 persons.
common
many other
Bears were formerly
in this
new
town
as in
In the autumn they frequently came
down into the populous settlements and sometimes even
It freto the maritime towns.
qui.ntly devours young swine,
but seldom attacks mankind.
settlements.
Mount-Vernon,
in
Hills-
borough county, was incorporated in 1808, and contains
762 inhabitants. It is bounded N. by New- Boston, E. by
Amherst, S. by Milford, and
W.by Lyndeborough, and conThis town
tains 7,975 acres.
is watered by Beaver brook^
which has its source here, as
also have several branches of
Soxvhegan river. There is here
a pleasant village containing a
meeting-house, 12 dwellinghouses, 3 stores, &c. and several mills.
The 2d N. H.
turn-
pike passes through this
lage.
Rev.
tled here in
vil-
Bruce was set1 785, and was suc1809, by Rev. S.
J.
ceeded in
Chapin the present pastor.
unite in Paulsburgh and there
fall
into the Ameriscogeiu
river.
Nash andSawyer'sLocaThis tract is bounded
N. by Bretton Woods, E. by
the White mountains, S. by
Chadbourne and Hart*s locations, and W. by ungranted
TiONs.
cres.
Narmargungowack River
the township of Success in several branches, which
rises
in
The
21,084 a-
Jefferson turnpike
passes through
it.
Nash's Stream has its
source in the N. E. part of the
town of Stratford, and at Northumberland it falls into the
Amonoosuck 6 miles from
Connecticut river.
Nashua River has its
source in the south part of
Boylston, (Mass.) and after a
northerly course of 40 miles
it passes intoDunstabIe,(N.H.)
and empties itself into the
Connecticut at Nashua village
in Dunstable.
Nelson, in Cheshire counwas formerly called Pack-
ty,
and received its present name in 1814, by an act of
the legislature.
It is bounded
ersfield
N. by Stoddard, E. by Hancock and Antrim, S. by Dublin, and W. by Roxbury, containing 22,875 acres and 1076
inhabitants.
al
N.
It contains
lands.
ponds
in
There are severthis
town, such as
Spoonwood pond^ which communicates with Long pond by
a
strait
about
forty
rods
Long pond x\yas c\rz\\\X.ouslv into Hancock and then
long.
�GAZETTEER OF ^SEW-HAMPSHIRE.
returns to Nelson ; its length is
There are also
1300 rods.
Fish^ Pleasanty and Roaring
brook ponds^ Centre pond and
Berkshire m'ar Dublin^ comprising in all about 1,879 acres
of water.
In the S. part of
this town a branch of the Ashuelot river rises,
and
in its
N.
part a branch of the ContooThe surface of Nelson
cook.
is mountainous like that of the
Rev. J.
adjacent country.
Foster was ordained here in
Rev. G. Newhall is
1781.
present minister. There
town a meeting-house,
a cotton and woollen factory, 4
grain-mills, 3 saw-mills, and 1
the
165
was ordained over the baptist
church in 1806, and i^ still in
©ffice.
New-Castle,
commonly
in Rockingham county, 2 miles E,
from Portsmouth. It was incorporated in 1693, and contains 592 inhabitants and 45
called Great-Island^
is
This is the largest of
those islands which lie at the
mouth of the Piscataqua. It
has a meeting-house, about 100
dwelling-houses, and at its N*
E. extremity a fort and lightacres.
rough county, was incorporated in 1763, and contained by
house. Rev. Joshua Moody
was ordained here previous to
the revolution of 1689, and
has been succeeded by the
Rev. Messrs. Shurtleff, Blunt,
Elder
Chase, and Noble.
Thomas Bell resides here at
present and occasionally prea-
the last census, a population of
ches.
1810 souls. It is bounded N.
by Weare, E. by Goffstown
and Bedford, S. by Amherst
and Mount- Vernon, and W.
by Lyndeborough, comprising
county, was incorporated in
1778, and contained in 1810,
a population of 895 inhab-
is in this
clothing-mill.
New-Boston,
in
Hillsbo-
New-Chester,
in
Grafton
bounded N. W. by
Danbury and Alexandria, N.
b}^
Newfound pond, E. by
Pemigewasset river, and S. by
an area of 26,538 acres.
Several branches of Piscataquog river flow through its S.
W. extremity into Goffstown,
itants
its S.E. part the 2d
turnpike has its course.
There is here a baptist and a
presbyterian meeting-house, 7
school-houses, several mills,
and a wire-factory incorporated in 1812.
Rev. Solomon
Moore was settled in NexvBoston in 1768, died in 1803,
comprising 23,456
Grafton turnpike and
a branch of Blackwater river
pass over the S. W. part of
the town, and over its northerly part flows Smith's brook,
and
thro'
N.H.
and was succeeded in 1806 by
the Rev. E. P. Bradford the
present pastor.
Elder J.Stone
;
Andover,
acres.
which
wasset
into the Pemigeriver opposite New-
falls
Hampton.
A
ridge,
called
Ragged
mountain^ separates this town
from Andover.
There
are
�GAZETTEKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIftB,
16«
here 3 religious societies, 1
meeting-housL', 3 grain-mills,
and 5 saw-mills. In the ye:ir
1796, twenty-five persons died
here of the dysentery.
New-Durham,
in Strafford
county, was incorporated in
1762, and now contains 888
bounded N. W.
inhabitants
by WolfeI)ornugh E.bv Brookfield and Middleton, and S.W.
by Farmington and Alton,
;
comprising 22,625 acres. In
1749, this town, comprehending a tract of land 6 miles
square, was granted to Ebenezer Smith and others, on condition that 40 families should
be permanently settled in it
within 5 years from the declaration of peace, and that within
2 years after, a meeting-kouse
should be erected, public worship supported, and a grain
and saw-mill erected.
Maj. Thomas Tash
made
early exertions in forwarding
the settlement of this town, and
built the 2 mills at his own expense.
With the assistance
G^ Paul March and others, the
required number of settlers was
obtained by a bounty of 50 acres of land to each settler.
The town was incorporated by
the name of New-Durham.
Within the compass of the
original grant are 5 ponds, the
largest of which is Merry-Meetin^-bai/ pond containing about
1000 acres. The surface of
the town is very mountainous
and part of the soil so rocky as
to
be
unfit
Mount Betty
for
rises
cultivation.
630
feet a-
bove the pond, which ^vashcR
its base.
Cropple-crown mourr^
tain
is
here
is
still
higher.
The
soil
gtrnerally too moist for
grain, but suitable for grazing.
Merry- Meeting river flows
from the pond of that name
and falls into Winnipisrogee
lake.
Ela^s river flows from
Cold rain pond and passes about 4 miles through NervDurham to Farmington, on
both which streams are many
good mill seats. On the latter is a fall of 14 feet, within 4
rods of which, mills are rdready
erjcted.
Cochecho river also
has its source in this town.
The principal roads passing
through Nerv- Durham ^vt. from
.
Wolfeborough and Gilmanton
to
Dover.
There are some
curiosities
town, one of which is
a remarkable fountain of water, over which a part of Ela's
in this
passes.
By sinking a
small mouthed vessel about 6
river
feet
into
may
this fountain,
water
be
obtained extremely
The depth of
cold and pure.
it has never been ascertained
although attempts have been
made. Near the centre of the
town is a mountain called Rattlesnake
hilly
the south side of
feet high,
an hundred
and almost perpen-
dicular.
In
which
is
nearly
number of
their dens.
its
fissures a vast
have
Their numbers
rattlesnakes
have recently diminished. About a mile northeast from
this mountain is Marches pond^
which abounds with a species
of clay, much resembling when
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
dried the common chalk
pearance and qualities.
in ap-
On
N. E. side of Shazv^s moun-
the
is a remarkable cave, called the DeviPs den, the entrance
of which is about three feet
wide and ten high. The outer
room is twenty feet square;
tain
inner
the
apartments
smdlcr, until
of
fiity feet
at
grow
the distance
into the
mountain
the p'jssage becomes too small
The sides
to be investigated.
both of the giileries and the
rooms are composed of stone.
They bear the appearance of
having been once united, and
were probably separated by
some great convulsion of nature.
Several other mountains in
town contain precipices
and cavities, some of which
are forty or fifty feet in depth.
Col.ThomasTash,who spent
the last twenty years of his life
in New- Durham, was born in
Durham in 1722. He was engaged in the French war, first
in the capacity of captain and
afterwards in that of major.
In 1755, the 'annual stores,
while on their way to the northern army, were destroyed at a
place called Half-way brook,
this
between forts Edward and
William Henry. Capt. Tash
with 140 men was ordered to
.
repair to this spot with assurances that the remainder of
the battalion should immediately follow.
On arriving at
the place of his destination he
found the stores and waggons
destroyed, the men killed, and
tlitt
eaemy^ gone
off.
Ascer-
167
taining their rout, he pursued
in the woods about five
miles, and attacked them while
them
they were feasting upon their
plunder.
warm action ensued which lasted an hour,
when the enemy, conysting of
A
aboutlOOO French and Indians,
perceiving the weakness of our
force, attempted to surround
At
it.
this
moment
critical
the remainder of the battalion
arrived under major Burbank.
The enemy immediately fled,
and were pursued by Tash
many
miles into
the
wilder-
ness.
In 1757, Tash was appointed major and was stationed at
No. 4. (now Charlfston,) with
250 rtaen. This was the first
detachment of N. H. troops
that ever occupied that impor-
On the return of
peace he settled in Newmarket, and in 1776, he received a
tant post.
commission in the
and served one
colonel's
N. H.
forces,
campaign.
Toward
the
close
of the war he removed loNewDurham, where he owned several farms and a large tract of
wild land. There he devoted
himself to agriculture, and died
at the age of 87, leaving behind
him a memory still dear and
respected.
Rev.
Nathaniel
Porter,
a
was ordain-i
NcTv-Durham in 1775,
congregationalist,
ed
in
and dismissed in 1777. He
was succeeded by Elder Benjamin Randall, a zealous and
indefatigable preacher
of the
free-will baptist order, of which
sect
he
was considered
the
�GAZETTEER OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.
168
head, and he obtained over it
an extensive jurisdiction. He
died in 1808, at the age of 60.
T.T.
New-Found Pond lies
part-
Hebron and partly
New
ly in
in
Chester. Its length from north
to south is 6 miles, and its
width about 2^ miles. It contains 4,530 acres, nearly two
thirds of which are in NewChester.
west part of
Strafford county, incorporated
tion, lies in the
in 1777,
and now contain3l293
It is bounded N.
by Pemigewasset' river which
separates it from Bridgewater
and New- Chester, N. by Holderness, N. E. by Centrehar*
bor, and S. E. by Sanbornton and Meredith, comprising
an area of 19,422 acres.
Pemigewasset pond lies on
the border of Meredith, and is
inhabitants.
about 200 rods
New-Found River
flows
from the pond of that name,
and after a southerly course of
4 or 5 miles, falls into Pemigewasset river near Bridgewater village.
New-Grantham,
in
Ches-
was incorporated
m 1761, and now contains 864
bounded N. by
inhabitants
hire county,
;
(in Grafton county,)
E. by Springfield, S. by Croydon, and W. by Plainfield,
comprising 24,900 acres, 300
of which are water. There is
a pond in the northwest part
of the town about 1 mile long
Croydon
and 160 rods wide.
mountain extends through the
west Dart of the town, and a
turnpike passes over the north
This
part of the mountain.
town in 1775, had onlv 74 inhabitants, and in 1810 its pop-
Enfield,
was 864. Here are the
sources of several of the
branches of Sugar river^ on
which are a number of mills.
in
diameter.
There are several other smaller ponds in this town.
In the
westerly part of the town is a
remarkable spring, from which
a stream issues and falls into
Pemigewasset river after running about a mile. This stream
is
use of sevnot affected by
droughts.
toll
sufficient for the
eral mills,
and
is
A
or
bridge unites this town to
Bridgewater, from which there
is a turnpike leading to Sanbornton.
The soil here is rich and
light and very favourable to
various kinds of grain and
rains
There are in Neuo-Hampton 2 meeting-houses, 2 schoolhouses, and 2 distUleries. Rev.
grass.
S.
Hubbard was ordained over
the congregational church here
and is still in office.
Elder Dana, a baptist, is also
s.H.
settled in this town.
in 1800,
ulation
in Graf-
formerly
Moultonborough- Addi-
bounded N. by New-Hamp-
New- Hampton,
called
New-Holderness,
ton county, lies on the eastern
side of Pemigewasset river.
It was incorporated in 1761,
and contains 883 inhabitants ;
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
by Sandwich and Cenby
S.
Crntreand New-Hampton,
harbor
and W. by Pemigewasset river, which separates it from
Plymouth, comprising 24,921
acres, of which 2,500 are waton, E.
treharbor,
ter.
A
part of
Squam
lake
is
and also Squam
pond^ through which Squam
river runs and falls into the
Pemigewasset in the southwest
in this town,
169
long and of unequal
rods
breadth.
There is on it an
excellent tavern owned by the
proprietors of the bridge.
Nexmngton was formerly a
part of Portsmouth and Dover.
Its soil is excellent and produces grain abundantly. The
orchards here are very productive.
Piscataqua bridge waS'
built in
in
1
794
it is
;
2600
part
of the town.
Squam
mountain lies in its northeast
plank.
tral aich, which unites
part.
islands, is
Rev. R. Fowle was ordained
here in 1789, ovr an episcopaThere is here a
lian church.
chitecture, and
several
grainmills,
one clothing-mill, a
earding-machine, and a dispaper-mill,
tillery.
Newichawannock River
the west and main branch of
It is called
the Piscataqua.
Salmon falls river as far as the
is
lower falls
it assumes
in
Berwick, where
the above name,
which it retains till it unites
with the Cochecho, and flows
on to Hilton's point.
Ne wiNGTON, in Rockingham
contains 503 inhabiand is bounded W. by
Great and Little bays, N. E.
by Piscataqua river, which separates it from Kittery, E. by
Portsmouth, and S. by Green-
county,
tants,
land.
At Fox
point
in
the
northwest part of the town,
Piscataqua bridge is thrown
over Piscataqua river to Goat
island^ and thence to Durham
shore.
Goat island is about 48
22
feet
of which 2244 are
The chord of the cen-
length,
244
th>j
two
considered a masterly piece of arfeet.
It is
was construct-
ed by Timothy Palmer of
New-
buryport.
Rev. Joseph Adams, a con-
was the first
minister in this town. He was
ordained in 1714, and was succeeded in 1787, by the Rev. J.
Langdon, who continued in
gregationalist,
23 years. The annual
average number of deaths in
office
Newington is computed to be 7.
There is here 1 meeting-house
and 2 school-houses. There
is a spring in this town, which,
besides supplying a grain-mill
nearly all the year, is the fountain of the Portsmouth aqueduct.
In May, 1690, a party of Indians under one Hoopwood
attacked Fox point in this town,
destroyed several houses, killed 14 persons, and took 6 prisoners.
They were pursued by
Capts. Floyd and Greenleaf,
who recovered some of the captives and part of the plunder
after a severe action, in which
Hoopwood was wounded.
�th-
GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
iro
Died
in
town March
this
1765, Mrs. Elizabeth
Hight, aged 100. She never
used medicine during this long
She was married four
life.
times, had 8 children and 300
descendants more or less refifth,
mote.
New-Ip«wich, in Hillsborough county, was incorporated
and contains 1395 inIt is bounded N.
habitants.
by Temple and Sharon, E. by
Mason, S. by the line of Massachusetts, and W. by Rindge
in 1762,
Its a(in Cheshire county.)
The west
is 20,260 acres.
rea
side of the
town
is
watered by
a branch of Contoocook river,
an-J its east side by a branch
of the Sovrhcgaa river. One
branch of the latter river rises
town and another has its source on a moun The 3d N. H. turnpike
tain.
in a
pond
in this
passes through
the centre of
a
is here
this town.
There
handsome
village,
2
meet-
ing-houses, an academy, 2 cotton and 2 woollen factories, an
oil-mill, several grain and sawmills, 1 clothing-mill, a carding-machine, and 4 trading-
Farrar was
ordained here in 1760, and diHe was
ed in 1809, aged 71.
succeeded by the Rev. R. Hall
Elder
the present minister.
S. Parkhurst was settled here
in 1814.
stores.
Rev. S.
New-London,
in
Hillsbor-
ough county, was incorporated
in 1779, and contained inlSlO,
a population of 692 ; bounded
N. by Wilmot,
S. and E. by
and W. by Sunapee
pond which separates it from
Wendell. Its area is 13,560
acres, 2000 of which are water.
In this town lies part of
Great Sunapee pond^ and also
Little Sunapee about 500 rods
long and 170 wide, forming a
principal source of Blackwater
Sutton,
river.
The
soil
here
is
gener-
hard and rocky, but it
well rewards the labour of agriculture.
New-London has
several hills or mountains,such
as Bunker's^ DoWs^ and MesThe summit of Kearser''s.
sarge mountain is six miles
from the central village. The
principal road passing through,
this town leads from Hopkinton to Hanover.
There arft
ally
here 2 baptist meeting-houses.
Elder Job Scammons was ordained here in 1779, and Elder Enoch Huntingdon in 1814.
The annual average number of
deaths in this town is about 10.
There are here several mills
and 2 or 3 trading stores.
Newmarket,
ham county, was
in 1726,
itants
in
Rocking-
incorporated
contains 1061 inhab-
and
is
bounded N. by
Durham and Lee, E. by
the
W.
branch of Piscataqua
river, S. by Exeter, and W.
by Epping, comprising an area
of 11,082 acres.
Piscasick
river passes through this town,
S.
and Lamprey river crosses its
N. W. extremity and falls into the Great bay near its N. E.
corner where there is a considerable village.
At
a place
call-
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
ed Newfields there
is another
containing about 20
houses and several shops, &c.
Rev. John Moody was ordained here in 1730, and died in
He has been
1778, aged 73.
village,
succeeded by the Rev. Messrs.
Tombs and Thurston. Elder
J. Broadhead and Elder Osborn,both methodists, occasionThere are
ally preach here.
in the
town three religious
so-
several mills, stores,
From the year 1731 to
&c.
1770, there were in this town
948 births and 554 deaths, averaging about 28 of the former
and 14 of the latter annually.
This town was formerly a part
cieties,
of Exeter and was purchased
of the Indians in 1638, by
Wheelwright and others. Several instances of Indian cruelty and capture occurred in the
early
Col.
history
of
this
place.
Winthrop Hilton, who
was killed by the Indians in
Eppjng (then Exeter,) was buThe inried in Newmarket.
scription on his monument is
descendstill legible and his
living in this vi-
ants are
still
cinity.
Mrs. Shute
is
171
Connecticut river and the same
distance from Sutton.
Sugar
river flows through Nexoport
and receives here a number of
its branches.
The Croydon
and Cornish turnpikes unite in
this town and pass on to Amherst.
There is here a handsome village of about 20 houses and several stores.
The
town contains a baptist and a
congregational meeting-house,
a cotton factory, several milk,
and a carding-machine. Rev.
John Ramele was the first minister here, and Rev. A. Wines
is the present pastor.
Newtown,
in
Rockingham
county, was incorporated in
1749, and contained in 1810, a
population of 454 ; bounded
N. by Kingston, E. by South'
ampion, S. by Massachusetts,
and W. by Plaistow, comprising 5,250 ftcres.
County pond
town. There
here 2 religious societies
and 1 meeting-house.
Rev.
J. Ernes was ordained in 1759.
lies partly in this
are
Rev. D.Tewkesbury is the
pres«^
ent pastor.
now liv-
ing in this town, who was captured by the Indians in 1755,
when 18 months old. She lived with them till the age of 14.
NEWPORT,in Cheshire counwas incorporated in 1761,
ty,
and contains 1427 inhabitants
bounded N. by Croydon E.
by Wendell, S. by Unity, and
W. by Claremont, comprising
an area of 25,267 acres.
It
miles £. from
lies about 8
;
;
NoRTBFiELD,
in
Rocking-
ham
county, was incorporated
in 1780, and contains 1057 inhabitants ; bounded
N. by
.
Sanbornton, E. by Gilmanton, S. by Canterbury, and W.
by
Salisbury
and
Boscaw-
comprising 19,636 acres.
There are here 2 small ponds,
viz. Chesnut pond., flowing into the Winnipiseogee, and Sortdogardy pond., flowing into the
en,
Merrimack
river.
At
the
N.W.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHmE.
172
part
of the town near WebWinnipisfogee riv-
ster's falls
er
into the
falls
Pemigewas-
A
bridge over the latter
river connects this town with
New-Salisbury, and another ovcr the former unites it to
Sanbornton. There is here a
mot ting-house common to all
sects ; several miils, stores, &c.
set.
North
of Latitude 45°
a tract of land btrlongmg to
the state of New-Hampshire ;
bounded as follows, beginning
is
at the
lancL
st:U-.'s
No.
3.
and
running N. 6:° E. by the Disof Maine 3500 rods to the
high lands, thtnte by the high
trict
separate
lands, wiiich
Lower
Canada from the United States
to the most N. W. branch of
Connecticut river, ihence doA\'Ti
branch to latitude 45°,
thence by said latitude to lands
No. 3. containing 163,353 asaid
On
cres.
this
tract
is
the
North River
has its source;
North river pond on theliiir
between Northwood and Nottingham.
After a southerly
course through Nottingham,
Epping, and a part of Lee it
in
Lamprey river near
N. E- corner of Epping
and the line of Newmarket.
falls into
the
This stream affords many valuable mill privileges, on most
of which are erected mills of
various kinds.
Northumberland,
ship in
a townCoos county, lying on
Connecticut river at the mouth
of the Upper Amonoosuck.
It was incorporated in 1779,
and contained in 1810, a population of 281 ; bounded N.
by Stratford, E. by Piercy, S.
W. by Lancaster, and W. by
Connecticut river.
Its area
is
20,430 acres.
town near
It
is
in this
Cape- Horn 7noun-
tain^ that the
Upper Amonoo-
great lake Co7inecticut.
suck
Northampton, in Rockingham county, was incorporated
There are here several ponds
and mountains. The soil is
fertile though broken and une-
in 1742,
and contains 651
in-
bounded N.
by Greenland, E. by Rye and
the^sea, S, by Hampton, and
W. by Stratham, and contains
8,465 acres. This w^as formerly a part of Hampton.
Rev. Nathaniel Gookin was
habitants.
settled
has
It
here
been
is
in- 1739.
He
succeeded by the
Reverend Messrs.
Hastings,
!M'Clure,Thurston,andFrench.
The latter gentleman is still in
office.
There is here 1 meeting-house and 7 grain-mills.
ven.
falls into
A
the Connecticut.
bridge connects this
town with Maidstone
in
Ver-
mont nearly opposite GuildThere is here a meetinghouse, 2 grain-mills, a sawmill, and a carding-machine.
hall.
Northwood, a township of
elevated land in Rockingham
county, formerly a part of
Nottingham. It was incorporated in 1773, and contained in
1810, a population of 1095, of
whom 230
Northwood
were legal voters.
\& bounded N. E.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
b}'
the line of Strafford county,
which sepnrates it from B irrington, S. E. by Nottingham,
S. and S.W. by Deerfifrld, and
N.W. by Epsom andPittsfield,
Esq.
fall
173
three different
into
Suncook, Lamprey, and
Dover, and indeed the waters,
rivers,
which
fall
from
different parts
comprising an area of 17,075
acrt-s,
1054 of which are
of the roof of a building on this
farm run into two different rivers, the Piscataqua and Merri-
water.
mack.
There are here 6 ponds, viz.
SiincQok pond 750 rods long
and 100 wide, Gennis^ pond 300
long and 150 wide, Long"
pond about JOO long and 50
generally of a moist quality.
It is excellently suited for
grazing, and in mild seasons
favourable to corn and grain.
wide-, Harvey'' s pond^ of an el-
The N. H.
The
in
soil
North-wood
turnpike
is
passes
liptical
form, about 200 long
through
and
some
mouth to Concord.
It
has
here a direct course from E.
to W. of 8 miles.
Rev. Edmund Pilsbury, the first minister in this town, was ordained
in the year 1779, over a baptist society and continued here
till
1809.
Rev. J. Prentiss
w^as ordained in 1799 over the
congregational society and is
still in office.
Rev. Eliphalet
Merrill, the present successor
of Mr. Pilsbury, was ordained in 1804. These two societies are nearly equal in number
and each has a meeting-house.
There are in Northwood 6
school-houses, 4 grain-mills,
7 saw-mills, a clothing-mill,
and 8 trading stores.
The situation of this town is
pleasant, and more elevated
than any land between it and
in
places
40 wide
j
a part o^ Great- Bow pond \& also in this town and also part of
North river pond^ Pleasant
pond^ and Little-Bow pend^ the
latter of which has two outlets
on the N. E. it discharges its waters into Great-Bow
/>i9«</, which is the head of Isinglass river, and on its north;
erly side
into
a brook flows
Long pond,
from
it
the waters of
which pass into the Merrimack
through Suncook pond and
river.
The northerly branch of
Lamprey river has its source
this town near the N. W.
extremity of Saddle-back mountain, which is a ridge of high
land separating this town from
in
Deerficld.
On the easterly
side of this ridge are found
crystals and crystalline spars of
various
Black
colours and sizes.
lead is
also
found
Thci*e are no consider-
here.
able water-falls
in this town.
height of its land is such,
that the waters flowing from
the farm of the late G. Clark,
The
this
town from Ports-
the sea.
From its height, vessels
entering the Piscataqua
harbour may be seen with the
assistance of glasses.
From
this place the light house at
Portsmouth bears S* Oi" E.
and the highest mountain in
Gilford N. lei"
W.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE
ir4
The
first
house
was erected
in this
town
1762, and
in
is
square.
There are In the town
3 grain-mills and 4 saw-mills.
now standing near- the baptist
Two of the
meetiag-house.
settlers
first
now
are
living
here in honourable old age.
The annual average number
of deaths is about 9.
Nottingham,
ham county, was
in
Rocking-
incorporated
now contains
1722, and
1063 inhabitants bounded N.
E. by Barrington, S.E. by Lee
and part of Epping, S. by Epping and Raymond, and W. by
in
;
Nottingham
township
West,
a
Hillsborough county, incorporated in 1746, and
now containing 1379 inhabitants
bounded N. by Litch*
field and Londonderry, E. by
in
;
Pclham, S. by Lyndeborough,
(Mass.,) and W. by Merrimack river, which separates it
from Dunst:ible, comprising
17,379 acres.
In this place is
Massabesick pond 230 rods
long and 70 wide, and adjacent
town
pond
Northwoodand Deerfield,com-
to
prising 25,800 acres, of which
300 are water.
There are here several ponds,
such as North river pond containing about 80 acres, Petuck-
about 25 rods wide.
There
are here 2 meeting-houses, 3
religious societies, 2 of baptists
and 1 of congregationalists.
Rev. N. Merrill the first miaister in this town, was ordained in 1737, and was succeeded
by Rev. J. Strickland in 1772.
Elder Daniel Merrill is settled
here over a baptist church.
a-way pond of about 170 acres,
^izncy pond about 45 acres,
and others of a smaller size.
In the westerly part of the
town near Deer field are Upper y
Middle^ and Lower PetuckaPetuckaway
way mowitains.
source in this
in a pond of the same
river has
town
name.
its
Little river
and sever-
streams also
North
Nottingham.
rise in
river passes through this town
and through its northerly part
the N. H. turnpike has its
al
other
small
the
There
is
Otternic
are in this
mills, S
town
saw-miHs, and
3 grain1
trad-
ing store.
Capt. Jatnes Ford
was a resident in this town.
He was with Gen. Stark at
Bennington and was there mortally
wounded.
O.
course.
Rev.
S.
Emery was
settled
1742, and Rev. B.ButSamuel Dyer, a
ler in 1758.
free-will baptist, is the present
There is a congreminister.
gational meeting-house situated in a pleasant and compact
part of the town called the
here
in
Oliverian River. The
most easterly branch of this
river rises on the west side of
Moosehillock mountain and its
northern branch from Owlhead mountain, both in the
These
town of Coventry.
branches unite
in
Haverhill,
�Ut
GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE
CN. H.) forming Oliverian rivwhich empties itself into
er^
A
mountain.
'Jacob's brook
and empties
the Connecticut.
stream
called
Orford
into Con-
rises in
itself
necticut riverabove the bridge,
Orange, formerly called
Cardigan, is in Grafton county.
It was incorporated in 1790,
and contains 229 inhabitants
bounded N.E. by Groton and
Hebron, S. E. by Alexandria
and part of Danbury, S.W. by
Cushing's Gore, and N. W. by
Dame's Gore and Canaan,
;
comprising 21,976 acres.
this
town
is
In
the source of the
southerly branch of Baker's
river and of the northerly
branch of ^ywiM's river. Cardiganmountain extends through
centre from N. to S. and
Grafton turnpike passes over its
its
extremity. In the S. W.
part of this town is found a
very valuable species of ochre.
It is, found in great abundance,
deposited in veins and of a superior quality to that which is
S.W.
imported. Two men will dig
and prepare for market about
80 pounds of this in a day.
Orford,
Grafton county,
in 1761, and
1810, a population
in
was incorporated
contained in
of 1265 bounded N. by Piermont, E. by Wentworth, S. by
Lyme, and W. by Connecticut
river, comprising an area of
;
27,000 acres. There are several ponds in this town, the
largest of which is Baker's
pond^ 260 rods long and 160
wide, forming the source of the
westerly branch of Baker's river. Indian pond is in the north
part of the town near Stadi^n
which connects this town with
Fairlee in Vermont.
On this
stream are 10 mill-dams. Sanday and Cuba mountains lie
near the centre of this town,
and Smart's mountain in its
S. E. extremity, forming the
boundary of four towns, viz.
Orford, Wentworth, Dorchester, and Lyme.
Rev. John Sawyer was settled here in 1787, and was
succeeded by the present minister,Rev.
S \muelDana. There
are here 2 religious societies
and 2 meeting-houses, and near
the river is a pleasant village
about 25 houses,
through which the turnpike
passes to Orford bridge. There
are in this town several grain
and saw-mills, a clothing-mill,
and a carding-machinc.
containing
OssiPEE, a township
in Straf-
ford county, was incorporated
in 1785, and now contains 1205
inhabitants
bounded N. by
;
Tamworth, N. E. by Great
Ossipee pond, S. E. by Wakeand S. by Wolfeborough,
Tuftonborough, and Moultonborough, comprising 36,795 acres.
This place was formerfield,
ly
called
form
is
New-Garden.
very
irregula(-,it3
Its
length
being nearly 15 miles from N.
W. to S. W. and its width in
some places not more than 4
or 5.
There are
here several
ponds, of which I^an Hole
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRK
ire
the borders of Tuftonborough is the largest, being about 400 rods long and
200 wide. The others are on
an average 100 rods each in
diameter. Bear pond has no
Pine rivdiscoverable outlet.
er flows through the easterly
part of this town, and Bear
pond ow
Camp river passes its northern
extremitv, emptying itself into
Great Ossipee lake.
The
soil
Osgenerally fertile.
sipee contains 2 religious soci-
here
is
baptist meeting-house,
5 grain-mills, 3 saw-mills, and
1 carding-machine.
district
of
Saco
Maine, and
river,
Ossipee Mountain
ted in 1785, and now containing 425 inhabitants ; bounded
N. E. by Eaton, S. E. by Effingham, and S. W. by Ossipee,
comprising 10,331 acres.
Ossipee lake lies principally
in this town, and is about 1000
rods long from north to south,
It
and ibout 600 rods wide.
in
borough, and about 4 miles
west from Ossipee lake. Its
altitude has never been ascertained.
On its east side the
northwest wind is peculiarly
severe.
in
OvsTERRivERhas itssource
Wheehvright pond in the
town of Lee, near the southeast extremity
in Strafford county, incorpora-
is
the west part of the town of
Ossipee adjacent to Moulton-
eties, 1
Ossipee Gore, a township
falls
about 15 miles
east of Ossipee pond.
into
of Barrington.
flows from the east side of
the pond in a northeast course
It
Madbury. Thence turning
southerly it crosses the line
which separates Lee from Durham five times within the distance of two miles.
It thence
takes an easterly course, and
passing
through
Durham,
meets the tide waters at the
to
falls.
Bear Camp river on
wtsc side and Pine river on
receives
its
The waters of this
south.
lake are discharged through
P.
its
Ossipee river.
Paulsburgh,
a township in
Coos county, containing about
20 inhabitants bounded N.by
Dummer and Cambridge, E.
by Success, S. by Maynesborough, and W. by Kilkenny,
;
Ossipee River flows from
G»-eat Ossipee bike or pond
and forms a large bay or rath-
The
er three bays, connected with
each other, in the whole about
comprising 34,507 acres.
800 rods long and 600 wide.
Ameriscoggin rivers pass thro*
this town, the former in a north-
On x\\c southeast line of Ossipee these waters are contracted into Ossipee river^ which
flows in a southeast course
through Effingham into the
Upper Amonoosuck and
the
erly course to the Connecticut,
latter in a southerly
In
course to the Merrimack.
the southwest part of the town
and the
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSUmE,
a large mountain, adjoining
Maynesborough, and in its N.
E. part near Cambridge there
There are 2 mills
is another.
is
in this
town.
The
centre of
Paulsburgh is 15 miles east
from Northumberland on Connecticut river, and about 7
miles west from the District of
Maine, and about 22 (by the
road) from Lancaster court-
177
Black mountain in
part.
Among
a branch of
its
northwest
these mountains
th;;
Wild Amonoo-
a branch oi Baker's riv^r^
and Moosehillock brook have
their sources.
Although the
surface here is mountainous
*«c>^,
and a turnfrom Bath
There are but
the roads art good,
pike is projected
to this town.
2 mills in this town.
house.
Pelham,
Peabody River
in
rises
the eastern pass of the White
mountains, whtre also rises
Ellis river, a bran<-h of the
S&co.
The sources of these
two rivers are within the dis-
in
Rockingham
county, was incorporated in
1746, and in 1810, it contain-
ed 998 inh' hitants ; bounded
N. by W'ndham and Sf leni, S.
E. and Sc by Dracut, (Mass.)
and W. by Nottingham West.
Its area is '•6,333 acres, of
tance of a few feet from each
Peabady river flows in
a northerly course from the
northwest part of Adams to
which 280 are water. There
arc h^^rc two ponds, Island
pond of abouJ: 178 acres, and
Shelbume, where
Gumpas pond of about
other.
it falls
into
From
100.
length
Beaver river flows through the
town and receives the waters
Peeling, in Grafton county,
was incorporated in 1763, and
of these ponds. The surface
of the town is generally even,
although there
are several
swella of valuable land.
the Ameriscoggin.
source to its mouth
is about 10 miles.
in 1810, contained
tants
;
its
its
203 inhabi-
bounded N. E. by Lin-
coln, S. E. by Thornton, S.W.
by Thornton and Ellsworth,
and W. by Warren, Coventry,
andLaadafF, comprisingS3,359
There are here severacres.
al ponds, the largest of which
is Elbow pond about 60 rods
The middle
in
diameter.
branch of Pemigewasset river
passes through this town.
In Peeling there are three
large mountains ; Cushman^s
mowitain in its north pari, J5/we
mountain
in
its
28
centre,
and
Rev. James Hobbe was ordained here in 1765, and was
succeeded by Rev.
James
Moody. Rev. John Chureh,
the present minister, was settled in 1798.
There is here
1 meeting-house, 3 grain-mills,
3 saw-mills, 1 clothing-mill, a
carding-machine, and 3 trading
stores.
During the ten years
ending in 1808, the number of
deaths in this town wasl21, of
which 32 were of consumption.
Pembeoke, in the south
Rockingham county,
part of
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
178
was incorporated
in
1759, and
nowcontains 1153 inhabitants ;
bounded N. E. by Chichester,
E. by Epsom, S. E. by Suncook
river which separates it from
Allenstown,' S. W. by Merrimack river dividing it from
Bow, and N. W. by Suncook
river diviaing it from Concord. It contains 14,060 acres.
Two bridges are erected ovtr the Suncook, one connecting this town with Concord,
and ihc other leading to Allensiown ; over the latter of
which the Cheste;r turnpike
pass^-s.
mack,
flows from the ridge
called the height of land.
Its
several sources are on the
Moosehillock mountain, the
southwest part of the White
mountains, and in the town of
Franconia.
On its western
§ide
it
receives Btiker's river,
stream from New-Found
pond, Smith's river, and many
a
smaller streams.
Its average course is south
about 50 miles,passing through
Lincoln, Peeling, Thornton,
Campton, and by Holderness,
Plymouth, Bridgewater, NewChester, and Andover.
It
Suncook and Merrimack are
sever.d valuable mill seats, on
which are erected a cotton fac-
empties into the Winnipiseogee at the lower part of Sanbornton.
After this junction
the main stream becomes the
tory, 2 paper-mills, an oil-mill,
Merrimack.
Near
the junction
of
the
a nnil factory, carding-maBeside these,there
chine, &c.
are in the town 4 corn-mills,
5 saw-mills, and a clothing-
Pembroke street is nearly
three miles long, on which are
about 50 dwelling-houses, 5
mill.
and 2 meeting-houses.
The soil of this town is generally good, and its local situation is remarkably pleasant. It
stores,
Suncook by the Inand was granted by
Massachu'^etts under the name
was
called
dians,
of
Lovewell's
town.
Rev.
Aaron Whitman was settUd
He has been
here in 1736.
succeeded by the Rev. Messrs.
Emery, Colby, Mitchell, and
Burnham, the latter of whom
is
the present minister.
Peterborough,
a township
southwest part of Hillsborough county, lying about
25 miles west from the Connecticut and the same distance
in the
east
from the Merrimack, was
incorporated in 1760, and in
1810 contained 1537 inhabi-
bounded N. by Hanand Greenfield, E. by
Greenfield and Temple, S. by
Sharon, and W. by Jaffreyand
Dublin, comprising an area of
23,780 acres.
The surface of this town is
mountainous, and its soil is
enriched by numerous brooks
and small streams, favourable
meadow and pasturage
to
ground, and supplying many
tants
;
cock
A
Pemigewasset River,
the
western branch of the Merri-
prinvaluable mill seats;
Contoocook
cipal branch of
river passes near the centre of
�GAZETTEER OF NEWHAMPSHIRE
and also Goose
this town,
riv-
flowing from Dublin
er
falling
and
into the Contoocook at
Smith'smills.
Near this juncis the
principal village,
which is much indebted for its
origin and growth to the individual exertions of the Hon.
tion
S. Smith.
Here are about 25 dwellinghouses, 2 stores, 3 cotton factories, a paper-mill, an oil-mill,
grain-mill,
fulling-mill,
saw-
mill, carding-machine, mechan-
&c.
On the Conother parts of the
town are 2 other cotton factories, a woollen factory, 2 grainmills, and 2 saw-mills.
Peterborough is one of the
most considerable manufacturNo
ing towns in the state.
one has so many factories.
The principal roads leading
ic
irs
Paulsburgh. NeartheN.E. extremity of Piercy the north and
south branches of the Amonoosuck form a junction. This
river receives Nash's stream
in the northerly part of the
town, as it flows from Stratford.
Mill and Pilot mountains are in this place.
There
are here only two mills.
The
course on a straight line from
the centre of this town to the
mouth of the Upper Amonoosuck is about 6 miles.
shops,
toocook
in
throughthe town are from Amherst to Keene, and from Hancock to New-Ipswich. There
here 1 meeting-house, in
which Rev. J. Morrison was
ordained in 1759.
He was
succeeded by Rev. D. Annan
Rev. E. Dunbar,the
in 1779.
Phillip's River flows partfrom Columbia and Dixville
mountains and partly
from a large pond in the state's
ly
No.
land
thence enlarging
passes through the
towns of Millsfield and Dummer, and taking a westerly
course, it passes through Kilkenny and enters Piercy, where
it unites with the Upper Amitself as
1.
it
onoosuck.
is
present minister, was settled in
1799.
PiERCY, in Coos county, was
incorporated in 1794, and in
1310, contained 211 inhabit-
Pierce's Island
is in
Pis-
cataqua harbour, between this
and Seavey's island the main
channel passes.
On each of
them batteries and entrenchments were prepared in 1775,
and again in 1814. The current is here narrow, rapid and
deep, and the shore bold and
rocky. (See Piscataqiia har-
bounded N. by Stratford
and ungranted lands, E. and S.
by Kilkenny, and W. by Nor-
bour. )
thumberland,comprising50,630
acres.
Piercy^s pond is on the
E. side of the town, the waters
ty,
ants
;
of which
fall
Amonoosuck
into
in
the Upper
the town of
PiERMONT, in Grafton counwas incorporated in 1764,
and in 1810, contained 877 inhabitants ; bounded N. E. by
Haverhill, E. by Warren, S.
W.
by Orford, and
W.
by the
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
180
west side of Connecticut river,
which divides it from Bradford in Vermont, comprising
about 25,800 acres. Eastman's
ponds lie in this tov/n near
Warren they unite and fall
into Connecticut river in Piermont. Black motintccin lies on
;
the south side of this place and
Stallion mountain on its northern side. The Coos turnpike
passes through tlie N. E. part
of the town. Thert is here 1
meeting-house and 2 religious
societies, 2 grain-mills, 3 sawmills,
tillery.
1
fulling-mill,
The
and
1
dis-
inhabitants hre
generally farmers, and manufacture their own clothing.
Pine River flows
pond of that name in
After a N. W.
field.
through Ossipee and
Effingham, it
Ossipee lake.
falls
from a
Wake-
into
PiscATAQUA River
course
part of
Great
is
the
only large river, the whole
course of which is within the
Its source is a pond
state.
near the S. W. corner of the
town of Wakefield, and is on
the lifte of the District of
Its general course
Maine.
thence to the sea is S. S. E. adivides
It
bout 40 miles.
this state from York county,
(Maine) and is called Salmon
falls river from its source to
Berwick lower falls, where it
takes the name of Newichawannocky which it bears until it
meets the river Cochecho flowThe confluing from Dover.
ent
stream
thence
passes to
Hilton's point 7 miles from the
sea.
The western branch is formed from the Swamscot river
flov/ing from Exeter, fan Winnicot river flowing from Stratham through Greenland, and
Lamprey river, which divides
Newmarket from DurhamThese empty into a bay 4 miles
wide, called the Great bay.
These waters in their further
pr'.gress are contracted into a
smaller baj^, where they receive
Oyster river from Durham
and Black river from Dover.
They form a junction with the
other branch at Hilton's point.
The tide rises in all these bays
and branches as far up as the
falls in each.
It forms a rapid
current, especially in the season
of freshets, when the ebb continues about two hours longer
than the flood some of the ferries would be impassable were
it not for the numerous eddies,
formed by the indentures of
At the lower falls
the shore.
in each river are landing placother
es, where lumber and
country produce is discharged,
so that each branch affords a
convenient trading place not
more than 15 or 20 miles from
Portsmouth, with which a concommunication is kept
stant
;
This river therefore from
up.
the situation of its branches is
extremely favourable to navigation and commerce.
PiscATAquA Harbour
is
one of the finest on the continent, having sufficient depth of
water for vessels of any bur-
�ui
GAZETTEER OF N^VV-HAMPSHTRE.
The
den.
tect
it
adjacent lands pro-
from storms so
ally that ships
may
efFectu-
ride here
which town the stream passes
to the N.E. extremity of Bradford where it falls into the
Merrimack
any season of the year.
The current here is so narrow
and rapid that the harbour nev-
erly course of about
It is so well fortier freezes.
fied by nature that very little
PiscAsiCK River rises in
Brentwood and passes through
safely in
labour is requisite to make it
impregnable. The islands in
this harbour are numerous ;
the largest of them is GreatIsland or Nezv-Castley now incorporated into a township
(which see.) On this island
stands a light-house and the
principal fort, called Fort CcnNear the site of this
stitiition.
fort, one was erected as early
river,after a south-
Newmarket
where
ii falls
20 miles.
Durham,
Lamprey riv-
into
into
er about one mile from the
northern boundary of Newmarket.
On this stream are
numerous
mill seats.
PiGWACKET, the Indian
name of Conway, Fryburgh,
and the towns adjacent.
command
PiTTSFiELD,in Rockingham
Esq. In
1795, this was completely prepared, mounted with 16 cannon
and manned with a company of
men now under the command
county, was incorporated in
1782, and contained in 1810 a
bounded
jyopulation of 1050
N. E. by Barnstead, S. E. by
as 1660, under the
of Richard Cutts,
of Capt. Walbach. In the summer of ISl'i, Fort Constitution
was put in a complete state of
defence, and another was erected at
effreu' s point on the
easterly part of the island, another on Kittery point called
Fort M'Clary and another on
called
Fort
Pierce's island
Washington^ and several other
y
fortifications
on the main
were thrown up
islands.
;
Barrington and Northwood, S.
by Epsom and Chichester,
and N.W. by Loudon and Suncook river.
It comprises 14,
921 acres, 94 of which are wa-
W.
ter.
In the S.E. part of this town
Catamount mountain, on the
summit of which is Berry^s
pond, and on its E. side is Wildgoose pond, about 100 rods in
On the W. side of
diameter.
this pond the magnetic needle
is
The
materially affected.
of this town is very fertile.
There are here 3 grain-mills, 5
saw-mills, 2 fulling-mills, 2
carding-machines, and several
trading stores.
The first minister in Pittsfield was the Rev. R.Page. Elders Sargeant and Knovvlton of
is
PiscATAquoG River.
Its
most southerly branch rises in
Francestown and its most
northerly in Henniker
and
Deering. These after passing
through Weare and New- Boston form a junction on the W.
side
of
GofFstown, through
soil
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
18-2
the baptist order are now settled here.
There is also in
this town a small society of
Friends. The number of deaths
here from 1781 to 1814, was
The spotted fever pre379.
town in 1813
and 14, of which 'JS persons
died in those two years.
The
vailed in
annual
deaths
is
this
average
about 9.
number
of
Plainfield, a township in
Cheshire county, incorporated
in 1761, and containing in 1810,
a population of 1462 bounded
N. by Lebanon, S.E. by NewGrantham, S. by Cornish, and
W. by Connecticut river,which
divides it from Hartland in
Vermont. At the lower part
of this town in Connecticut
river is HarCs island about 150
rods long and 35 wide.
IVaterquechy falls are adjacent to
this town, a bridge was erected
here in 1807.
Plainfield is
watered by a small stream
flowing from Croydon moun;
on which are erected sevThis town contains
a handsome village of 10 or
tains,
ed N. W. by Hampstead,N.E.
by Kingston andNewtown,S.K.
and
S. W.
by Haverhill,
(Mass.,) and W. by Atkinson,
comprising about 5,843 acres.
small stream from Hampstead and another from Newtown meet in Plaistow and running southerly pass into Haverhill between Plaistow meeting-house and the S. corner of
Atkinson.
There are 3 grainmills, 2 saw-mills, and 1 full-
A
Here
ing-mill.
societies
and
are 2 religious
meeting-house.
1
Rev. J'lmes Cushing was sethere in 1730, and was
succeeded in 1765, by Rev. G.
Merrill.
Elder John Herriman is the present minister and
was ordained in 1812.
tled
Plymouth, a township in
Grafton county, is situated at
the junction of Baker's and
Pemigewasset river. This town
was incorporated in 1763, and in
1775, it contained 382 inhabitants, and in 1810, it contained
937 bounded N. by Campton,
;
eral mills.
E.by Pemigewasset river,S. by
Bridgewater, and W. by He-
12
bron, comprising 16,256 acres.
The Mayhew turnpike passes through the westerly part
In the northof this town.
east part is a pleasant village,
containing about 22 dwellinghouses, a meeting-house, courthouse, 4 stores, and a distillery.
In this town are also 4 mills, &c.
dwelling-houses, several
and 2 meeting-houses.
Through this place passes the
Croydon turnpike. The present ministers here are Rev. J.
Dickerson of the congregational and Elder Cram of the baptist order.
stores,
in
Plaistow, a small township
Rockingham county, incor-
in 1764, and now containing 462 inhabitants; bound-
porated
Rev. Nathan
tled here
in
sent minister
Fairbanks.
Ward was
1765.
is
the
The
set-
pre-
Rev. D.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Poplin, a township in Rockingham county, was incorporated in 1764, and in 1810,contained 482 inhabitants bound«d N. by Epping, E. by Brentwood, S. by Hawke and Sandown, and W. by Chester and
;
Raymond,
comprising 9,702
acres.
In the northwest part
of the town is" a small pond,
and its southerly part is wavered by Exeter fresh river.
There is here a meeting-house,
several mills, and a cardingmachine. The inhabitants are
principally of the methodist
denomination.
lis
Portsmouth, the metropoof New-Hampshire and its
only sea-port, lies on the southwest side of Piscataqua river.
It war. incorporated in 1633,
and in 1810, it contained 6,934
inhabitants
bounded N. W.
by Newington, N. E. by the
river, S. E. and S. by Rye,and
W. by Greenland and Newington.
Its area is 10,350 a;
cres.
The
northeastern boundary
of Portsmouth is by the District of Maine, following the
main channel of Piscataqua
river.
This line will include
on Portsmouth side the
folio w-
ingislands, viz. Goat'^^Pierce's^
Leach'' s^ Hospital^ Shafiiey^s^und
Salterns.
The compact part of this
town contains about 225 acres,
almost entirely surrounded by
water, the distance being only
90 rods from the south millpond to the north pond. Into
these ponds the tide flows, and
i8;i
at their outlets are flood gates
and
Portsmouth con927 dwelling-houses and
mills.
tains
18 public buildings, viz. 3 congregational meeting-houses, 1
episcopal church, 1 meeting-
house for baptists, 1 for methodists, and 1 for universalists,
an academy, 5 school-houses, a
court-house, gaol, alms-house,
and 2 markets.
A female
asylum was incorporated here
in 1808, and there are also 4
incorporated banks and several
insurance
offices.
An
athe-
naeum was recently established
and promises to be a respectable and useful institution.
The houses
erected in this
last ten years
are generally of brick and of
elegant architecture. In 1800,
there were in this town 86
dwelling-houses of one story,
524 of two stories, and 21 of
three stories, since which period the latter class have increased nearly one third ia
town during the
number and many have been
erected of four stories. P'^rtsmouth pier or tvharf was built
in 1795, by an incorporated
company, 340 feet in leKgth
and of an average width of 60
On
feet.
this
wharf was
erect-
ed a handsome range of buildings
300
feet long, three stories
high,and divided into fourteen
stores. This range was destroy-r
ed by the great fire in 1813,
new market house was built
in 1800, 80 feet long, 30 wide,
and two stories high, the upper story of which is occupied
A
as a
ket
town
is
hall
:
a
new fish mar-
also erected.
Both of
�GAZETTEER OF T<EW-HAM1>SHIRK.
184
these markets are excellently
supplied, especially the latter.
The harbour of Portsmouth
latitude 43°
N. and in
Greenwich
it is known to mariners by the
Agamentifollowing marks.
cus, a remarkable mountain in
is in
5'
70''4'VV. long, t'rom
the county of York, lies four
leagues due N.
Pidgeon hill
on Cape Ann bears due S. 10
leagues, and the highest of the
Isles of Shoals bears S. E. by
S. distant S leagues from the
In
entrance of the harbour.
the middle of the harbour's
mouth is Great' Is land^on which
stands the town of Newcastle,
and on the northeast point of
this island is the light-house.
The following are directions
the
harbour
for entering
*' Vessels coming from the east
should keep in 12 fathoms water, till the light-house bearsN.
half a point E. or W. distant 3
miles to avoid a ledge of rocks
which lie off the mouth of the
harbour, then bear away for
%he light-house, keeping the
western shore on board, and
coming no nearer that shore
than 9 fathoms, giving the light
a proper birth and standing over to the northern shore of
the river where they may anchor in 9 fathoms abreast of
Sparhawk? s point. Ships coming from the southward should
observe the same directions
respecting the light and keep
in 9 fathoms on the western
shore."
Between the north side of
Great Island and the Kittery
shore is the main channel, a-
bout a mile wide and 9 or 10
fathoms deep. The anchorage
is good, the shore is lined with
rocks, and the h3,rbour is landall sides and persect-
locked on
ly safe.
The
tide rises
from
10 to 14 feet. The other entrance on the south side of
Great-Island is called Little
Harbour ; the water here is
shoal and the bottom sandy.
Between the upper end of
Great- Island and the town is a
broad deep still water, called
the pool^ where the largest
ships
may
ride
very safely.
was the usual station for
the mast ships, of which seven
Tliis
have been loading here at once.
In this place the Astrea ship
of war of 20 guns was burnt
in ir44, (see Belknap.)
Portsmouth has convenient
wharves and good anchorage.
The water is deep enough for
the
largest
vessels,
and the
harbour has so many natural
advantages and is so capable
of defence, that it" might be
made a very safe and commodious naval depot.
Ships of war have been
built here at early and recent
periods.
The Falkland of 54
guns in 1690, Bedford Galley
of 32 guns in 1696, as also the
Raleigh of 32, and Ranger of
18.
In 1782, the America of
74 guns was built here and was
presented by Congress to the
king of France. In 1814, the
Washington of 74 guns was
launched.
In 1765, there were here
199 clearances and 115 entries
from foreign ports. In 1790,
�GAZETTEER
and
in
the
1791,
OJP
number of
were 223, of which 34
were ships, 87 were brigs, 84
were schooners, and 18 were
entries
sloops.
The number was
af-
terwards much increased.
In
the year 1810, there belonged
to this port 28 ships, 47 brigs,
10 schooners, 2 sloops, and 1
barge, all of them employed
There were
and ma-
in foraign trade.
also
ny
20
fishing vessels
coasters.
This town
is
intersected by
NEW-HAMPSHIRE,
185
church of England.
imprisoned and was
of the
He was
afterwards
charged.
conditionally
dis-
Rev.
Nathaniel
Rogers was ordained here in
1699; who was descended from
Rogers the
John
martyr
celebrated
the reign of queen
in
Mary. He died in 1723, and
was succeeded by Rev. Jabez
Fitch
who died
in 1746.
Rtv. Samuel Langdon was
ordained here 1747, and was
made
president
40 lanes, 12 alleys,
4 roads, and 4 public squares.
The
ter,
of Harvard
college in 1774.
32
streets,
principal streets are pav-
Rev.
ed.
town
The Portsmouth Aqueduct
Company was incorporated in
1812,
1797, and in 1800, the town
was supplied with excellent
water for domestic uses,from a
spring ia Newington about 3
miles distant from Portsmouth
It is carried into almost
pier.
every street in the town, and
on the north side of the pier is
a water-house and pump where
ships can be supplied at 10
cents per hogshead.
The greatest number of
deaths in this town in any one
of the last 3 5 years was 150,
and the smallest number 100.
The first meeting-house in
Portsmouth was erected in
1640, and a Mr. Gibson was
employed to preach in it. In
1664, another was erected. In
1671, Rev. J. Moody, the first
ordained minister was settled
here. Mr. Moody was indicted by Gov. Cranfield for refusing to administer the sacrament to him after the manner
24
Joseph
Buckminswas ordained in this
D.D.
1779,
in
aged 61,
and died in
Rev. John
Emerson was installed in the
old parish in 1715.
In 1732,
the Rev. Mr. Shurtleff was ordained in the south meetinghouse newly erected, and his
successor Rev. Job Strong was
ordained in 1749. Rev. Samuel Haven, D. D. was settled
here in 1752, and died in 1806,
aged 79. Dr. Haven and Dr,
Buckminster were among the
most distinguished divines and
eminent preachers and the most
learned
men
of their country.
Rev. T. Alden, jun. was ordained colleague with Dr. Haven in 1799, and his successor is Rev. Nathan Parker the
present minister.
keen's
now
chapel^
St.
yohn's churchy was consecrated in 1734, and in 1792,an episcopalian society was incorpoRev. A. Brown
rated here*
was
Rev.
Rev.
settled
J.
J.
C.
over
it
Ogden
in
in
1736,
1786,
Willard and C. Bur-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
186
roughs have succeeded,
latttr
of
whom
is
the
the present
In 1761, a meetinghouse was built in this town by
an " independent congregational" society, over whom Rev.L.
Druwn was settled, and was
succeeded by Rev. J. Walton
pastor.
its
present minister.
'
Mr. Robert Sandiman came
over to *.his country about the
year 1764, and formed a societv in this town, who afterwards built themselves a meeting-house. Mr. Sandiman died
David
in 1771.
ir. Danbury
Humphreys, Esq. has for many years officiated as teacher
of this little flock.
The society of universalists
in
Portsmouth
w;is collected
destroyed 107 persons between
the 20"th of July and the 6th of
October of that year. Of these
55 died of the fever and 52 of
the dysentery.
In the year 1623, David
Thompson, a Scotchman, with
several others from London
landed at the mouth of Piscataqua river on its S. side, at a
place which they called Little-
harbour.
Here they erected
salt-works and a house, which
they afterwards called Masonhall.
In 1631,
Humphrey Chad-
bourne erected a house at
Strawberry-bank. Several cannon also were placed during
this year at the N. E. point of
Great- Inland,
In 1632, the sea-coast
by the Rev. John Murray, who
preached his doctrines
first
here in 1776.
In 1784, Rev.
NoLih Parker was settled over
this society. Rev. J. Richards,
his successor, was ordained in
1799, and was succeeded by
Rev.
thL Rev. Hosea Ballou.
Sebastian Streeter is the pres-
page 51.)
ent minister.
forever.
In
1802, a baptist society
was formed
in
this
town by
Elder EliasSmith. The church
in 1 803, and now
consists of 175 members. The
methodists also have a small
society in this town.
The situation and climate of
Portsmouth
are salubrious.
The annual average number of
deaths for 25 years past has
been about 120, except the
year 1 798, whtn the town was
visited by the yellow fever and
dysentery.
This epidemic
was gathered
in
was alarmed by
the piracies and depredation of
Dixy Bull. (See General View,
vicinity
this
of
In 1 640, a grant of 50 acres
glebe land was made to
Thomas Walford and Henry
Sherburne and their successors
In 1692, the small-pox raged with great violence in Portsmouth and Greenland, and few
people being acquainted with
its
treatment,
the
mortality
and sufferings were very great.
In 1694, an attack was made
upon the houses at Portsmouth
plains by
party
;
an Indian scouting
14 persons were kill-
ed on the spot, several others
were wounded, and a number
taken prisoners.
The houses
also were plundered and burnt.
(See Breakfast hill.)
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHTU?:
In 1697, William Partridge
native of Portsmouth was
appointed lieutenant-governor.
In 1705, the line of pickets,
which enclosed Portsmouth,
extended from the mill-pond
on the S. side of the town to
the creek on the S. side, and
crossed the street a few rods
W. of the present site of the
court-house.
Portsmouth has suffered in
a remarkable manner by fire.
On the 26th December, 1802,
a fire broke out in one of the
banks and destroyed 120 builda
ings, principally in
Daniel streets.
December, 1806, another conabout 20
buildings, including St. John's
churchy but the most calamitous and destructive fire was on
22d December, 1813. It
swept over 15 acres and destroyed 173 buildings. These
fire? have been the cause of
great improvements in the
streets, the appearance, and
the
police of the town.
RrvER,
has
its
Kingston in Great
pond and County pond^ thence
source in
it
passes
the S.
mills,
and their mechanism,
W.
to-
gether with the irregularity of
the houses, scenery, Sec. give
to this spot a singularly grotesque and romantic appearance and afford on the whole
one of the most remarkable
views in this country.
R.
the 24th
flagration destroyed
Powow
the space of 50 rods falls 100
feet, carrying 1 hloomery, 5
saw-mills, 1 fulling-mill, and 1
snuff-mill, besides several other auxiliary mills.
The rapidity of the tails, the continuity
of the dams, the variety of the
Market and
On
i8r
part of
East-Kingston into Southampthence into Amesbury,
it
takes an easterly
course and passes again into
Southampton, thence returning
to Amesbury it empties into
the Merrimack between Saliston,
where
Amesbury in Essex
The falls on
this river in Amesbury are remarkable. The water within
Raymond,
Rockingham
in
county, was incorporated in
1764, and in 1810, contained
898 inhabitants
bounded N.
by Nottingham and Deerfield,
E. by Epping and Poplin, S.
by Chester, and W. by Candia
and Chester,comprising 16,317
acres, of which 360 are water.
Jones* pond 250 rods long and
150 wide, and Governor's pond
200 long and 100 wide are in
this town, both of them emptying into Lamprey river. Exeter river passes the S. E. extremity and Petuckawav river
;
N. E. extrernity of this
There is here 1 meettown.
ing-house, 2 religious societies,
1 of them of congregationalists,
over which the Rev. Mr.Stick-
the
There are in
3 grain-mills, 4 sawmills, and a fulling-mill.
ney was
settled.
Raymond^
bury and
county,
Mass.
Red
Hill
River
flows
from Red hill pond in the town
of Sandwich, and after a south-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
188
erly
course
falls
into
the
Winnipiseogce lake.
empty
into Miller's river
others
into
river.
of about 6 miles
N. E. arm of
Red and yellow
the
and
Contoocook
ochre,
aad
Rindge
lying on
crystals, crystalline spars,
township in
the S. part of Cheshire county,
Richmond,
a
1752, and
in 1810, contained 1290 inhab-
was incorporated
in
bounded N. by SwanE. by Fitzwilliam, S. by
Massachusetts, and W. by
Winchester, comprising 23,725
itants
;
sey,
Here are several ponds,
the waters of which fall into
Ashuelot, and one of them is
the source of Miller's river.
Ashuelot turnpike passes thro'
this town. There are here two
acrest
societies of baptists ;ind one of
Friends, and two meetinghouses in a small village near
There
the centre of the town.
Richmond
are also in
5 grain-
saw-miUs, 1 clothingmill, and 1 carding-machine.
Elders Bellew and Aldrich
were first settled here, Elder
mills, 5
Billings
is
the present pastor.
RiNDGE, in the N.E. part of
Cheshire county, was incorporated in 1760, and in 1810, contained 1226 inhabitants bounded N.by Jaffrey and Sharon, E.
by New-Ipswich, S. by Massachusetts, and W. by FitzW'illiam, comprising 23,838 acres, of which 660 are water.
There are in this town 12
ponds, the largest of which
(^Menomonock pond) has about
;
200
acres.
Of
some contain 100
the
others
acres and
The waothers are smaller.
ters from some of them unite
with the Menomoriock, others
vitriol are
found here.
has a pleasant village
the turnpike, containing a congregational meeting-house,several mills, &c. Rev. Seth Dean
was ordained here in 1765, and
Rev. Scth Payson succeeded
him in 1782, and is the presIn 1775, this
ent minister.
town contained only 542 inhabitants.
Rochester,
in
Strafford
county, was incorporated in
1722, and contains 2118 inhabitants ; bounded N. E. by
river, which difrom Lebanon, (in
Maine,) S.E. by Somersworth
and Dover, S. W. by Barrington, and N.W. by Farmington
and Milton, comprising 26,609
Cochecho river flows
acres.
through this town from N. to
S. and receives Isinglass river
Salmon
vides
fall
it
near Dover
line.
Near
is
a
the ce«tre of the town
village called Norway
containing a meetinghouse, a court-house, about 40
dwelling-houses, and several
There are also in this
stores.
town 4 grain-mills,4 saw-mills,
2 carding-machines, and a cot-
plains,
ton factory.
One term of the district
court of common pleas is held
here annually.
Rev. Amos Maine was ordained ia this town in 1737.
His successors have been Rev.
Messrs. Hill, Hall, and Haven,
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
the latter of
sent pastor.
whom
is
the pre-
In 1746, and in 1747, the
Indians made excursions against this town in small parties, committing many depredations and some murders.
Rockingham
County
is
bounded N. E. by Strafford
county and Piscataqua river,
E. about 14 miles by the sea,
as in Exeter,
189
there
is
a court-
house and a county gaol. The
superior court is holden for this
county at Portsmouth and Exeter alternately.
The courts
of common pleas are also holden in those towns alternately.
Probate courts are holden in
Portsmouth, Exeter, and Londonderry.
RoxBURY,
in
Cheshire coun-
was incorporated in 1812,
and is boiindefl N. by Sullivan,
E. by Nelson and Dublin, S.
by Marlborough, and W. by
Keene, ompnsing about 6000
This rown was incoracres.
E. and S. by Massachusetts,
and W. by Hillsborough county, comprising an area of 661,
646 acres of land and water.
This county contains 46 townships, and according to the
ty,
census of 1810, a population
of 50,115 inhabitants, 8,404 of
porated subsequent to the list
census arid of course its population has not been estimated.
There is her-; a meeting-house,
S.
whom
were
legal voters.
It
has 80 meeting-houses, 6 academies, 132 grain-mills, 161
saw-mills, 38 clothing-mills, 5
cotton and 2 woollen factories,
26 carding-machines, 5 papermills,
4
oil-mills,
and 130 trad-
ing stores exclusive of those
in
Portsmouth.
In 1812, the returns of cattle and horses in this county
were as follows; 19 stud-horses, 5,271 other horses, 205 of
four years old, 334 of three
years old, and 337 of two years
old ; 7,164 oxen, 3,335 of four
years old, 16,913 cows, 8,433
of three years old cattle, and
By
9,01 & of two years old.
the best estimates there were
61,340 sheep and 3,634 acres
of orcharding.
The principal towns in this
county are Portsmouth, Concord, Exeter, and LondonderIn Portsmouth, as well
ry.
i
a grain-mill, a saw-mill,
and a
clovhing-mill.
RuMNEY,
Grafton county,
in 1767, and
inhabitants ;
contains
765
bounded N. E. by Ellsworth,
E. by Campton, S. W. by Groton and Hebron, and N. W.by
Wentworth, comprising an area of 22,475 acres.
In the north partof the town
is Stinsori's pond 400 rods long
and 280 wide, from which
flows a considerable stream
in
was incorporated
called Blill hrook^
to Baker's river.
emptying inThis river
passes the southerly extremity
of the town. Stinson^s mountain lies near the pond, and a
part of Carr''s and several other mountains are in this town.
There is here a meeting-house
in which Rev. Thomas Niles
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAxMPSHIRE.
190
was first settled. Elders C.
Haines and Wilmouth have
S.
succeeded him, but at present
Through
it has no minister.
this town on the south side of
Baker's riv«r passes the great
road from Plymouth to the
Saco River has its source
on the White mountains near
what is called the notch, and
in the vicinity of the source
Coos turnpike.
which runs westerly into Con-
Rockingham county, lying on the sea-
Rye, a township
in
coast opposite to the Isles of
Shoals, was incorporated in
1719, and contains 1020 inhab-
bounded N. and N.W.
by Portsmouth, N. E. by Little Harbour, E. by the sea, S.
by Northampton, and W. by
itants
;
Greenland, comprising 7,780
On the shore there are
three very pleasant beaches,
viz. Jewiess* Sandy, and Walacres.
lace's.
Harbour
A
bridge
at
Little
unites the towns of
I^ye and Newcastle.
The
soil
of this town is not naturally
fertile, but it is made remarkably productive bj' the assistance of sea-weed, which is
ascertained to be an excellent
manure.
Rev. Nath'i Morrill was settled here in 1726, Rev. Samuel
Parsons in 1736, and the present minister Rev. Hunting-
of the
Lower Amonoosuck,
necticut river.
Saco river flows in a southerly course down the mountains
about 12 miles, then taking an
easterly direction it enters the
town of
Barllett,
where
it
re-
ceives Ellis river, which rises
in the
easterly pass of the
mountain near the source of
Peabody river.
Within the
distance of half a mile from
fountains
two large
these
streams flow down the highest
of the mountains, one of them
into Ellis river.
The former
of these is Cutler's river and
the latter is New river.
The
latter made its appearanc?^ in
October, 1775, during a long
rain.
In its course it broke
down many rocks and trees and
presented a wide spectacle of
ruin.
At its junction with
Ellis river there is a noble
cascade of 100 feet in height.
Several other branches of <9ac<3
river flow from other parts of
ton Porter in 1814.
There is here 1 meetinghouse, 2 school-houses, 3 grain
and 3 saw-mills.
In the fall of 1814, a boat
from a British fleet approached the shore at i?z/f, and on
being fired upon by the inhabitants, it immediately returned
with a loss, it is supposed, of
From Bartlett
the mountains.
the course of the Saco is S. about 10 miles to the lower part
of Conway, where it receives
several men.
miles.
Swift river from Burton, thence
in an easterly course it passes
into
Fryburgh and BrownsMaine, and from thence
field in
to the sea
ly course
has a southeasterof about forty-five
it
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
This river rises and overflows very suddenly in rainy
seasons and subsides very rapidly after the cessation of the
rains.
In the great flood of
1775, when the New river
broke out, the banks of the
Saco were overflowed very
suddenly, and the waters were
of a deep red colour for several days, probably from passing
over iron ore. This appearance
was superstitiously supposed to
be that of blood, and was considered as ominous of public
calamity.
On the subsiding of
the waters, it was observed,
that the bed of the river in
some places was widened and
the course of several of its
branches changed. In a great
freshet
it
has risen 25 feet, but
common
its
rise
is
about 10
191
Thefe is here also a small
society of methodists, another
of baptists, a pleasant village
of 12 or 14 houses, 4 grainmills, 3 saw-mills, a woollen
factory, a fulling-mill, and a
carding-machine.
Salisbury, a township in
N.E. part of Hillsborough
the
county, formerly
called
Ste-
phenstown,was incorporated in
1768, and contains 1913 inhabitants
bounded N. by Andover, E. by Merrimack river,
which divides it from Northfield, S. by Boscawen and Warner, and W. by Kearsarge
Gore and mountain, comprising an area of 28,600 acres.
Blackwater river, a branch of
the Contoocook passes the W.
part of this town and forms sev;
bays near the line of Andover.
toll bridge connects
the N.E. part of this town with
Sanbornton.
There is a very
eral
feet.
A
Salem New,
generally call-
ed New-Salem, is in Rockingcounty, was incorporated
in 1 750, and contains 1 1 79 inhabitants ; bounded N. by
Londonderry, E. by Atkinson
and the line of Massachusetts,
S. by this line and Pelham, and
ham
W.
by Windham, comprising
15,600 acres. In this place are
World'' s pond^ Captain! s pond^
Policy pondy &c. all of which
fall into Spiggot river.
The
soil here is well watered and
fertile.
The Londonderry
flourishing village at Webster's
fails, near the mouth of Winni-
piseogee
river.
A
Kearsarge mountain
bury^ and through
part of
is in
Salis-
town
N. H. turnpike
Dartmouth college to
this
passes the 4th
from
Concord.
On this road in the
of the town is a flour*
ishing village, containing 20 or
30 houses, stores, &c. There
S. part
town a %congregaand baptist society, 2
handsome meeting-houses, an
academy, several grain and
are in this
tional
turnpike passes through this
Rev. A. Bailey was
town.
settled here in 1 740, and Elder
Samuel Fletcher in 1780. Rev.
John Smith is the present pas-
ing-machines,
tor.
5tore«.
saw-mills,
a
clothing-mill,
wire-factory, oil-mill, 2 card-
and 6 trading
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAAfPSmRE.
192
Ri V. J. Searle was ordained
The present
in 1773.
ministers are the Rev. T.Worhert'
cester and Elder O. Robinson.
Salmon Fall River
is
the
branch of
the Piscataqua (which see.)
easti^rn
and
m.«in
Bodwell,
Elders Crocket
Sanbornton has
11 grain-mills, 13 saw- mills, 3
clothing-mills, 2 carding-machines, 1 nail-factory, an oilmill, a distillery, and 6 trading
J.
and Cheney.
stores.
Sanuown,
Sanbornton,
W.
in the S.
part of S.r. fford county, was
incorporiiU-d in 1770, and contains 2,884 inhabitants ; bound-
ed N.W.bv Ni w-Hiimpton,N.
E. by Mercdivh, E. by the
Great bay, which divides it
from Gilford, S.E. by Gilmanton, S. by Winn'piseogee lake,
and W. by Ptingeway river,
which divides it from Salisbury, Andover, and New-Chester
;
this
river
unites
Winnipiseogee lake
in
with
the S.
W.
part ol the town, at which
place the confluent streams become the ]\|errimack river.
bays and rivers, which almost encircle this town meas-
The
ure nearly 30 miles,and the bay
town and MereSalmon
pond in
this town, and is 130 rods long
and 50 wide. Salmon brook
mountain is in Sanbornton. Re-
between
this
3 miles wide.
brook pond is the only
dith
is
publican ridge connects this
town with Salisbury and Union
bridge unites it to Giltaanton.
There are
in this
town 3
re-
ligious societies, 2 of baptists
and 1 of congregationalists,
each of them owning a handsome mc»eting-house. Rtv. J.
Woodman
this
The
minister in
in 1771.
present ministers ar^Rev.
the
first
town was ordained
in
Rockingham
county, was incorporated in
1756, and in 1810, contained
504< inhabitants
bounded N.
by Chf^ster and Poplin, E. by
Hawke, S. by Hajupstead, and
W. by Chester and part
of Londonderry, comprising
8,532 acres, of which 200 are
;
water.
The
largest parts
of Chub
pond and of Angle pond are
town, one on its eastern
and the other on its northern
line ; the former is 140 rods
wide and the luttcr 100, emptying itself into Exeter river,
which passes through this
town. Rev. Josiah Cotton the
first minister here, was ordained in 1759, and was succeeded for a short time by the Rev.
in this
The inhabitants
Collins.
are generally baptists and meThere is here a
thodists.
nieeting-house
and several
S.
mills.
Sandwich, in the N. part
of Sii. fford county, was incorporated in 1763, and contains
2,232 inhabitants ; bounded
N. b)' Sand wi en mountains an
unlocated tiact, E. by Tamworrh, S.^by Moultonborough,
and
W.
by Campton,
Holder-
ness and Thornton, comprising an area of 54,600 acres.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
Red Hill pond and Bear
Camp pond are in this town,
of two
of the same names.
In the northwest part of the
town is part of Squam. mountain
and of Squam lake, (see Squam
forming the sources
rivers
lake.)
Tiiere are here three religious societies ; one of baptists,
one of methodists, and one of
friends.
Elder Quimby is a
There
settled preacher here.
are in Sandwich 6 grain-mills,
6 saw-mills, 1 clothing-mill,
1 carding- machine, and 3 trad-
ing stores.
Sawyer's Location. (See
Nash's and Sawyer's location.)
Seabrook,
in
Rockingham
county, is in the northeast extremity of the state.
It was
incorporated in 1768, and contains
774 inhabitants
N. by Hampton
;
bounded
E. by
Falls,
193
Seabrook was formerly a part
of Hampton.
It is 9 miles
from Exeter, the road passing
through it from Portsmouth
to
Newburyport.
Sharon, in the west part of
Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1791, and con446 inhabitants ; bounded N. by Peterborough, E. by
Temple, S. by New-Ipswich
and Rindge, and W. by Jaffrey, comprising an area of
10,000 acres.
St'veral small streams rise
in this town and fall into Contoocook river. On the line between this town and Rindge is
a cragged mountain 200 feet
higher than the surrounding
tains
country.
The 3d N. H. turnpike passes over the southwest
extremity of this town.
Shelburne, in Coos county,
was incorporated in 1769, and
the sea, S. by the line of Massachusetts dividing it from
Salisbury, and W. by Southampton and part of Kensington, comprising an area of
contains
3,307 acres.
(jainx^ brook waters the east
part of the town and falls into
comprising 45,140 acres.
the sea at Hampton. This part
of the town is an extensive
salt marsh.
There are here
two societies of congregation-^
alists and one "of friends, each
having a meeting-house in a
village of about 40 houses,&c.
Rev. S. Perley was ordained
here in 1765. The present
pastor is Rev. £. Hull.
26
176
inhabitants
;
bounded N. by Success and
Maynesborough, E. by the
District of Maine, S. by unlocated lands, and W.by Durand,
Ameriscoggin river
in
its
passage through this town into
Maine, receives Peabody and
rivers
and several
Moose
smaller streams.
Mount MorzaAandsome other large mountains are in ShelburneThere
are here 2 grain and 2 sawmills.
in
Sh»als, Isles of, are seven
number and lie on the coast
�CAZETTEKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
194
of New-Hampshire. The celebrated John Smith gave his
own name to them, but the ingratitude of posterity has denied this small honour to his
memory. Stateti island belongs to
on
New- Hampshire, and
this is the
town of Gosport.
The
others are in the District
of Maine.
They are inhabit-
ed by about 100 fishermen and
have a meeting-house, which
serves as a land mark to seamen.
There has also been
erected here by charity a parsonage house.
There is here good moorings
and an artificial dock construct-
set river in
line.
SoMERswoRTH, in the
southextremity of Strafford
county, was formerly a part of
Dover. It was incorporated
in 1754, and contains 878 incast
Rochester,
33'.
;
bounded N.
W. by
N. E. by Salmon
river which divides
it
from Berwick, and S. and S.W.
by Dover, comprising an area
of 10,048 acres.
There are
in this town several ponds,
such as Cole's pond 150 rods
long and half as wide
Humphreys^ pond on the line of
Dover, 200 long and 120 wide.
Dover turnpike passes through
the southeast part of this town
and over Quampegan bridge
into Berwick.
SomersTvorth
fall
;
Rev. John Tuck was ordained here in 1732, and died in
1773, aged 77.
Sims' Stream rises in the
mountains in Columbia from
several ponds and springs, and
the Connecticut river near the northwest ejitremity of the town.
falls into
Smith's River rises in Orange and Grafton, near Isinglass mountain, and after an
easterly course of 16 » miles
through Danbury and Alexandria, falls into the
is
:
habitants
N. N. W. 3 leagues to Newburyport bar, S. W. 7 leagues,
N. lat. 42° 59', W. long. 70°
mouth
;
do
From Star ishmd to d)-y salvage rock the course is S. ^°
W. 8 leagues to Portsmouth,
Its
Society" LAND,in Hillsborough county, contains 199 inhabitants
bounded N. by
Deering, E. by Francestown,
S. by Greenfield, and W. by
Contoocook river which divides
it
from Antrim
its area is
Crotchet moun3,300 acres.
tain lies on its south and east
Vessels
ed by Mr. Haley.
sometimes put in here in bad
weather, but large ships cannot
this safely.
the upper part of
New-Chester.
20 yards wide.
Pemigewas-
has one meeting-house.
The Rev. James Pike was
1730, and he
has been succeededby theRev.
P. Thurston. There are in
this town 3 grain and 3 sawmills, 2 fulling-mills, and
1
trading store. The history of
this town records
a violent
thunder storm in 1779, during
which the meeting-house was
settled here in
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
consumed by lightning and its
bell was melted and fell in a
of that
name
195
opposite Litch-
field.
state of fusion.
SoucooK River
rises
from
three ponds in the southerlypart of Gilmanton,oneofwhich
The several
is Soon pond.
branches unite in Loudon, and
passing between Concord and
Pembroke,
mack
falls.
fall
river
On
this
number of
MerriGarvan's
into the
below
stream
mills
of
Spiggot River rises in
Londonderry and Hampstead
from Island pond. After passing through Salem and receiving the waters of several ponds
in that
town,
Merrimack
it
falls
into the
Me-
river between
thuen and Dracut in
Massa-
chusetts.
a large
various
is
Springfield,
in
Cheshire
kinds.
county, was incorporated in
1794, and contains 814 inhab-
SoiJTHAMPTON, in Rockingcounty, was incorporated
in 1742, and contains 427 inhabitants bounded N.by EastKingston and Kensington, E.
by Seabrook, S. by Amesbury,
and W. by Newtown, com-
itants
ham
;
prising 9,400 acres.
Powow river flows through
this town and affords many
valuable mill seats. There is
;
bounded
Grafton, S. E. by
N. E.
by
Wilmot and
New-London, and W. by Croydon and New-Grantham, com]>rising 28,330 acres, 200 of
vJiich are water. Stallion
pond
town is 230 rods long
and 140 wide
SUbj pond is
240 long and about 80 wide^
A branch of Sugar river has
in this
j
its source here.
Through the
N. E. part of the town passes
here one meeting-house. Rev.
William Parsons was settled the 4th N.H. turnpike. Springin this town in 1743, and Rev. Jield is in the N. E. extremity
N. Noyes in 1763. Southamp- of the county adjoining Hillston was formerly a part of borough and Grafton counties.
Hampton and granted by Mas- There are here 3 religious societies, 1
meeting-house, 11
sachusetts.
mills,
and
1 store.
SowHEGAN River
sources of
its
has the
southerly branch
New-Ipswich, TempIe,WilAton, and Lyndeborough.
nother branch flows from NewBoston and Mount- Vernon,
and passes through Milford
and Amherst. The two branches unite in the town of Merrimack and fall into the river
in
Squam Lake and River.
This lake
on the borders
Moultonborough, Sandwich, and Centreharbor.
It is about 6 miles
in length and nearly 5 miles
of
lies
Holderness,
wide, containing probably about 6,500 acres.
It has several small islands, the largest
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
196
There are here 17 ponds, all
of which discharge their \v;iters
into Ashuelot and Contoocook
of which is Fort''er''s, 300 rods
This
long and 120 wide.
lake mio^ht easily communicate
with Winnipiseogee lake, the
distv>nce
rivers.
A
between them being
ridge of mountains extends more than half through
this town.
There are here 2
The
500 rods wide.
stream from Sqiiam lakexo Lit-
only
Sqicam pond^ (called Squam
is 100 rods long, thence
through the pond to its outlet
Pemigewasis 400, thence to
tle
religious societies,
river)
house,
set river the distanee is 1000
The river and the pond
rods.
are in Holderness.
(See Gen-
State Prison.
eral
View, page 49.
Stewartstowv
N.
contains
is
in
the
Coos county, and
part of
176
bounded N. by
inhabitants
;
college lands,
E. by Dixville, S. by Colebrook, and W. by Vermont,
comprising 27,381 acres. Diviond pond is in this town,
forming the source of Dimond
Bishop's brook^ Dead
river.
xuater river ^ and Mohaivk river
also h >ve their sources here.
unites with the
ill's stream
H
Contoocook
in this
merous
On
town.
th se several streams
are nu-
mills.
Stoddard, in Cheshire
county, was incorporated in
1774, and contains 1139 informerly
It. was
habit.mts.
called Liratrick,and is bounded N. by Washington, E. by
Windsor and Antrim,
S.
by
]Nelson and Sullivan, and W.
b} Sullivan, Gdsum,and M.irIt contains 35,925 acres,
low.
1100 of which are water.
mills,
4
and
1
meeting3 saw-
grain-mills,
1
clothing-mill.
County
Strafford
is
and N. W. by
Grafton county, N. by Coos
county, E. by the District of
Maine, and S. by Rockingham
bounded
W.
county,
comprising 861,171
acres of land and water. This
county contains 41,595 inhabitants, 6,828 of whom are legal voters.
It has 32 townships, and in 1813, it had 50
meeting-houses, 1 academy,
920 grain-mills, 127 saw-mills,
32 clothing-mills, 4
oil-mills,
4
woollen-factory, 21 carding-machines, 10
and 88 trading
distilleries,
stores.
In 1810, there were
in this county 23 stud-horses,
4,444 other horses, 238 four
years old, 312 three years old,
and 495 two years old ; 5,685
oxen, 3,223 four years old ;
12,874 cows, 8,682 three years
old cattle, 9,395 two years old
cattle, 1 mule, 1 jack,
and
1,783 acres of orcharding.
Tlie principal towns in this
county are Dover, Durham,
and Gilmanton.
Rochester,
The superior court holds its
sessions for this county at Dover, the common pleas are hol-
cotton-factories,
1
den alternately at Rochester
and Gilmanton,and the probate
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMI'SHIRE.
court is held also in these two
towns.
The county gaol is at
Dover. StraJ^ord sends 35 representatives to the state legislature.
197
town was part of
the grant to
Hilton in 1650, called
Sivamscot patent. The charter
of Stratham was dated March
20th, 1716, and signed
by
Edward
George Vaughan then
Stratford,
Coos coun-
in
was incorporated in 1773,
and contains 339 inhabitants
bounded N, by Coluxnbia, E.
by ungranted lands No. 1., S.
by Piercy andNorthumberland,
and W. by the Connecticut
river, which separates it from
Brunswick in Vermont.
Its
ty,
ant-governor.
The
lieutt-n-
townmeeting was on the 10th of Afirst
area
is
1716, Deacon David Robinson was chosen town clerk
and held that office 47 years.
Rev. Henry Rust was ordained here in 1718, Rev. Joseph
Adams in 1747, and Rev.
James Miltimore in 1786, the
latter gentleman has since re-
town
is
moved. Elder
;
48,931 acres. This
watered by Roaring'
brooiy Strong\t brook^ and Bay
brook.
BoTv-back mountaiyi^
Peak's mountain^ and several
others are in this town.
StratJhrdh'ds one meeting-house belonging to methodists. Rev.
Sumner was settled here in
1773. In 1775, this town had
only 40 inhabitants, and in
1790, there were 150.
C
Stratham,
in
Rockingham
county jlies on the E. side of the
western branch of Piscataqua river and inl 810,contained876inhabitants;boundedN.by Greenland, S.E.by Greenland ScNorthampton, S. W.by Exeter, and
W. and N. W. by the river and
bay, which separate it from Exeter
and Newmarket.
Its area is
10,120 acres. There are here 2
religious societies,
1
of baptists
and the other of congregationalists, each of them has a meeting-house.
There are in this
town 4 grain-mills, 3 saw-raills,
This
and 1 clothing-mill.
pril,
settled
S.
over the
Shepard was
baptists
in
At
present there is no
settled minister in the town.
From the year 1798 to 1812,
inclusive, the number of deaths
in this tov/n was 186.
The
greatest number in any one
year was 20, and the smallest
number 5, averaging about 12
annually.
Between the years
1742, and 1797, inclusive, the
number of deaths was 1080,
averaging about 20 annually.
Stratham lies about 8 miles
from the sea. The land is even and well calculated for agricultural purposes.
Farming
is so exclusively the employment of the town, that, although a navigable river adjoins it, there is not a wharf,
vessel or boat helongijig to the
place.
In the easterly part of
the town, is perhaps the largest repository of peat iti the
state.
It is a meadow com-
1771.
monly known by
Temple meadow
the
name of
or
swamp-
�GAZETTEER^ OF NBW-HAMPSHrRE.
198
This
at
some future day
will
probably become a valuable resource.
In 1807, a bridge was erected connecting this town with
Newmarket.
It cost about
S6,obo, and the toll amounts
annually to about ^700.
revolutionarj' war
In the
town lost 23 of its inthis
habitants.
Success, an unsettled township in Coo^ county, incorporated in 1/73, and bounded N.
by Cambridge, E. by the DisMaine, S. by Sheltrict of
burne, and N. W. by Maynesborough, comprising 29,813
acr^s.
In this town rises Norniarl^ungowatk river from a pond
about 350 rods long and 2J5
wide, near the line of the state.
Live river" also has its source
in this town.
Roxbury and Keene, and W.
by Keene and Gilsum, comprising 12,212 acres.
This town is watered by
Ashuelot river, and has 2
religious societies, 1 meetinghouse, and a settled minister.
There are here 2 saw-mills and
1
grain-mill.
SuNCOOK River has the
source of its northern branch
in a pond, which forms part of
the boundary between Oilmanton and Gilford, and passing
through the easterly part of
Gilmanton, it receives the two
Suncook ponds and also Small's
pond near the line of Alton."
It
thence enters Barnstead,
where it passes through two
ponds of its own name,
and receives the waters of
Half moon and Brindle ponds.
Just below these ponds it rereives a branch from Barring-
other
ton, called Little
Sugar River
flows
from
the Avest side of Sunapee lake^
and passing westerly into Newport, receiv^es several branches
from the north, and thence entering Claremont, falls into
Connecticut river five or six
miles below Cornish bridge.
It is in contemplation to unite
this river with the Contoocook
by a canal, (see Sunapee lake.)
a tov/nship in
Cheshire county, was incorporated in 178*7, and contains 516
inhabitants ; bounded N. by
Gilsum and Stoddard, E. by
Stoddard and Nelson, S. bv
riv-
part of Pittsfield.
It thence
flows through Pittsfield into
Epsom where it receives an
eastern branch from Suncook
pond
in
Northwood.
this junction
miles through
it
flows
Epsom
From
8 or 10
and be-
tween AUenstown and Pembroke, and empties its waters
into
Sullivan,
Suncook
and another from Wild
goose pond in the northeast
er,
the
below
Merrimack 7 miles
the
near
Concord
southern extremity of Allenstown.
There is a great
variety of mills on this riv(See
its
er and
branches.
Pembroke.)
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
SuNAPEE Lake
lies
partly
Wendell,(Cheshire county,)
and pTartly in Fishersfield,
(Hillsborough county.)
It is
•leven miles long and about
one mile and a half wide. Its
outlet is on its west side through
in
Sugar
river.
A
canal has been contemplated to connect the Connecticut and Merrimack river,and
this lake has been proposed as
the reservoir, it being situated
on the height of land between
the two rivers.
It
now dis-
charges its waters through Sugar river into the Connecticut.
This would undoubtedly be the
western course of the projected canal, but as to its eastern
route there are differences of
The most advantagopinion.
eous course has been said to be
through Herrick's cove and
Small pond in its vicinity, and
thence through Keazer's pond
near the north meeting-house
in Sutton, and thence through
Steven's brook into Warner's
river, which empties into the
Merrimack.
Surry, a township
ii;i
Ches-
incorporated in
1769, and now containing 564
hire
county,
bounded N. by
Alstead, E. by Gilsum, S. by
Keene, and W. by Westmoreland and Waipolc, comprising
inhabitants
;
7,917 acres.
Ashuelotriver flows through
this town, and is here between
80 and 100 feet wide. There
is one pond in this town,which
is near the summit of a mountain.
Through
Surrij the turn-
199
from Chester to
Keene.
Rev. B. Bailing, the first
pike passes
minister in this place, was setRev. P. Howe
is the present minister. There
is here
one religious society
and a meeting-house, 2 grainmills, 2 saw-mills» 1 clothingtled In 1788.
mill, 1
tillery,
carding-machine, 1 disand 2 trading stores.
SuTTON,a township in Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1784, and contains
1328 inhabitants bounded jST.
by New-London, E. by Kearsarge Gore and Boscawen, S.
by Warner and Bradford, and
W. by Fishersfield, comprising
24,300 acres, 280 of which are
water. Long pond in this town
is 350 rods long and 80 wide.
HazerCspond\% about 150 rods
in diameter.
A branch of
Warner's river flows through
;
town.
Kearsarge mountain extends
almost over the whole length
of Sutton on its west side.
Kearsarge bills are also in the
same part of the town. On
thtsse high lands and in the
meadows at their feet are found
this
beds
of excellent clay.
Here
are found quarries of
st6nes remai-kable for their
also
shape and qualities. They are
prepared with little labour for
hearths, &c.
The soil
in this town presents
the varieties of productiveness and sterility ; and,though
the surface is diversified with
:t continued succession of hills
and vales, and is often rough
all
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
200
mountainous,
and
excellent
crops of wheat are raised here,
as well as the other staple productions of the state.
In 1798, a mineral resembling black lead was found in
this town, and it has been ascertained to produce a durable
and handsome
slate
col-
and 100 rods wide.
in
The
principal road passing
through Siittcn
is
from Hop-
kinton to Dartmouth college.
The prevailing sect here are
baptists, over whom Elder S.
Ambrose was ordained ml 782.
Elder Taylor
is
also settled in
There
are here 2
meeting-houses, 3 grain-mills,
2 saw-mills, 2 clothing-mills,
1 carding-machine, and 3 trading stores.
The annual average number
of deaths in this town for the
last 10 years has been 12. Two
persons lately died here, one
over 99, and the other overlOO
years of age.
this town.
its
sm;vll villages, a cotton factory,
distillery,
our.
carding-machine, 4
grain-mills, 12 saw-mills,
Rev. T. Harrington was the
minister of this town. He
has been succeeded by Rev.
Messrs. Carpenter and Goddard.
Elder Cutler is the only minister here at present.
first
Swift River has its source
among the mountains in the
ungranted lands northwest of
Whiteface mountain, and 6 or
8 miles from Sandwich.
It
takes an easterly course through
Burton into Conway, where it
empties into Saco river.. There'
is another small river of the
riv-
the head of the
tide, which is in the compact
settlement of the town ol Exeas
er
in
Tamworth.
the
name of Exeter
Indian
is
and
3 clothing-mills.
same name
SwAMscoT River
Ashuelot
passage through
this town has a breadth of 6
or 8 rods.
The branch turnpike crosses the northeast extremity of the town.
There are here 3 religious
societies, 2 meeting-houses, 2
river
T.
far as
Tahiworth, a township
in
hire county,
was incorporated in 1766, and contains
1134 inhabitants bounded N".
by Burton, E. by Eaton, S.by
Ossipee, and W. by Sindwich,
in 1753,
comprising 28,917 acres.
ter.
(See Exeter.)
Strafford county,
;
Sw ANzET,a township inCheswas incorporated
and now containsl400
inhabitants
bounded N. by
Keene, E. by Marlborough and
f itzwilliam, S. by Richmond,
and W. by Winchester and
;
Chesterfield : its area is 28,057
acres, 200 of which are water,
Swanzey pond is 1 mile long
Bear Camp river is the only
considerable stream in this
town. This has an easterly
course into Ossipee pond. The
rapidity of its current in times
of freshets renders it almost
useless for the purposes of
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRB.
mills.
is
a
Swift river in this town
fine
stream and affords
A
many
20!
meeting-house, 4 grain-mills,
3 saw-mills, and
1
fulling-milf.
valuable mill seats.
nail factory and a carding-maConchine are erected on. it.
Webster was ordained here in 1771, and Rev. Noah Miles, his successor, in
way river falls into Bear Camp
river near the centre of Tamfvorth.
It has its source in
Burton and passes through
Conway pond. This is also a
valuable stream for mills.
few rods from the meet-
1779.
A
ing-house in this town, is a remarkable rock called ordination rock,
it
being memorable
where
Rev. S.
Hidden was ordained Septem-
as the place
ber 12lh, 1-792.
the
Its
summit
was sufficiently large to accommodate the minister and the
whole of the council. There
is in Tamworth a large church
and society under the pastoral
charge of Mr. Hidden. There
is also a free-will baptist soci-
under Elder WebThere are in this town
ety here
ster.
9 school-houses.
Temple, a township in Hills-
;
comprising 13,700 acres. Several streams which fall into
river,
rise
among
the mountains in the westerly
The prinpart of this town.
road from Amherst to
Peterborough passes through
There is here 1
this town.
cipal
congregational
society
26
and
S.
Thornton, a township in
Grafton county, was incorporated in 1781, and now contains
794 inhabitants bounded N.
and N. W. by Peeling, N. E.
by Thornton's Gore, S. by
Campton, and W. by Ells;
worth.
Its
area including
Thornton^s Gore is 28,490 a-
This Gore is bounded
E. by ungranted lands, and N.
cres.
W.
by Lincoln.
set
river
flows
Pemigewasthrough
this
town from north to south. The^
main road from Lancaster to
Plymouth
passes
throagh
ThGrnton,,
There are here 2
religious societies and 1 meeting-house, in which Rev. E.
Esterbrook was the first ordained minister.
j.G.
borough county, was incorporated in 1768, and contains 941
bounded N. by
inhabitants
Greenfield, E. by Lyndeborough and Wilton, S. by NewIpswich and Mason, and W.
by Sharon and Peterborough,
Sowhegan
Rev.
1
TuFTONBOROUGH,
a
town-
county, was
incorporated in 1795, and now
contains709inhabitants; boundship in
Strafford
ed N. W. by Moultonborough,,
N. E. by Ossipee, S. E. by
Wolfeborough, and S. W. by
Winnipiseogeelake,comprising
24,390 acres.
Beach pond is on the line of
this town, about 250 rods long
and 100 wide. Hale pond ^nd
Linious
pond
are also in
town the latter
ter Harbour bay.
*.
Near
ity
is
near
this
Win-
the southwest extremof this town, Melvin's riv-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
1202
passing from Moultonborough, falls into the Winnipiseogee pond. There is here a
baptist, methodist, and congreThere are 2
gational society.
saw-mills and 2 grist-mills in
er,
this place.
U.
Umbagog Lake. The upper part of this lake is in the
District of Maine, and only a
small part is in this state,inthe
towns of Errol and Cambridge.
On the eastern line of NewHampshire it is 2700 rods
It extends into Errol
long.
about 300 rods, and about the
same distance
AFrom
into
northeast to southwest
whole length
•"its
Cambridge.
about 20
is
In some places
miles.
it
is
10 miles wide, and in others
Its
not more than 100 rods.
outlet is on its westerly side in
the town of Errol, and its waters
flow
into
Margallaway
river.
Unity,
a township in Ches-
hire county,
was incorporated
and
in 1810,it contain-
in 1764,
bounded
ed 1044 inhabitants
N.by Claremont and Newport,
E. by Goshen, S» by Lempsier and Acworth, and W. by
Charleston, comprising 24,446
The line which sepaacres.
rates this town from Acworth,
crosses Cold pond^ leaving about 150 acres of it in Unity.
Perry's mountain lies in the
southwest part of the tcwn.
Little Sugar river rises near
this mountain, and a branch of
;
Sugar
river in the easterly part
of the town. The 2d N. H.
turnpike passes through this
place to Claremont, and also a
very direct road from Goshen
to Charleston.
There is here
a society of baptists and another ofmethodists ; each of them
has a meeting-house.
There
are in this town 2 grain-mills,
5 saw-mills, 1 clothing-mill,
and
1
distillery.
W.
Wakefield, a township ia
Strafford county, lying on the
eastern border of the state. It
was incorporated
now
in 1774, and
contains 1166 inhabitants;
bounded N. W. by Effingham
and Ossipee, E.by the District
of Maine, S. E'. by Milton,
and W. by Brook field and
Middleton.
LoveWs
pond
is the largest in this town, and
on its northeast side.
It
700 rods long and 275 wide.
lies
is
Province pond is about 450
rods long and 400 wide. Pir^/e
River pond is about 100 rods
long and 100 wide.
There
are several others of a smaller
size.
The principal branch of
Piscataqua river has its source
in this town, (see Salmon river.)
The soil of this place is generally good, but it is more favourable for mowing and grazing than for tillage. There is
here a baptist and a congregationalist
society.
Rev. Asa
minister in the
place, was ordained in 1785.
There is here a meeting-house,
a cotton factory, a carding-maPiper, the
first
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE
chine,
5
grain-mills,
mills,
3
fulling-mills,
handsome
village
sawand a
3
containing
several stores.
LovelPs pond in this town
derived its name from Capt.
John Lovell of Dunstable,
who, in the year 1725, being
on a scouting expedition in
this quarter, with a company
of 40 men, attacked by night
a party of Indians, whom they
found encamped by the side of
pond.
Lovell and his
a
companions surprised the enemy, who were eleven in number, and by his
dexterous
movements destroyed the whole
party.
203
bridge in this town at Bellows'
falls and another about 375
rods above Bellows' ferry.
turnpike from Charleston to
Keene, and another from Walpole upper bridge to Ktene,
pass through this town.
Cold
river falls into the Connecticut
a little below Fall mountain.
There is in this town only 1
A
religious society and 1 meeting-house.
The first settled
minister here was the Rev.
Leavitt, and the present pastor is the Rev. P.
Dickerson. There are here 4
grist-mills, 6 saw-mills, 2 fulling-mills, 1 cotton factory, and
2 carding-machines.
Robert Macklin, a remarkable instance of longevity, died
in Wakefield in 1787, at the
age of 115.
He was
born in
Scotland, and lived several
years in Portsmouth in the ocfie frecupation of a baker,
quently walked from Ports-
mouth
to Boston (66 miles,)
one day and returned in
This journey he
another.
performed at the age of 80.
in
Walpole,
a
township
in
Cheshire county, was incorporated in 1752, and now con?tains 1894 inhabitants ; bounded N. by Langdon, E. by Alstead and Surry, S. by Westmoreland, and W. by the western bank of Connecticut river.
Its area is 24,301 acres.
In the northwest part of the
town is Fall mountairiy extending from Charleston about 550
rods to Bellows' falls, and about
250 rods beyond. There is a
Warner, a township in
Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1774, and inlSlO,
contained 1838 inhabitants
;
bounded N.
W.
by Sutton,
Kearsarge Gore, and Salisbury,
N. E. by Boscawen, S. E. .by
Hopkinton and Henniker, and
S. W. by Bradford and Sutton,
comprising an area of 27,571
acres.
This town was formerly calAlmsbury
and Warner
river ^ which passes through it
led
;
was called Almsbury river.
This river is the central branch
of the Contoocook, and a large
number of streams fall into it
as it passes through this town
and through a part of Bosca-
wen
into Hopkinton.
There are here 3 religious
societies and 2 meeting-houses.
Rev. W^illiam Kelly was
ordained in this town in 1772,
and died in 1813. The present
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
9P4
ministers aretbeRev. J.Woods
and Elder E. Wilmarth. There
are in this phice 7 grain-mills,
11 saw-mills, 2 clothing-mills,
2 carding-machines, and 5
No
stores.
town
in the state
has better grazing land than
Warner.
comprising an area of
30,760 acres, 1,550 of whirh
are water.
There are here no
less than 20 ponds.
Through
the centre of this town, a ridge
of mountains extends from N.
to S. on the summit of which a
branch of the Contoocook has
its source.
branch of the
Ashuelot rises in a pond in the
N.part of the town nea.r Sunapee
mountain.
The Croydon and
2d N. H. turnpikes meet near
the meeting-house in this place.
Washington was formerly called Campden. There are here
ster,
A
Location,
Warner's
in
Coos county, is bounded N.
by ungranted lands and Mount
Royse, E. by the District of
Maine, and S. by Chatham and
it contains
ungranted lands
stream which
2000 acres.
empties into Cold River pond
passes over the easterly side
:
A
of this location.
Warren, in
Grafton county,
was incorporated in 1763, and
inhabitants
506
contains
bounded N. by Coventry, E.
by Peeling and Ellsworth, S.
by Wentworth, and W. by
;
Piermont, comprising an area
of 27,720 acres. The westerly branch ot Biker's river flows
through Warren from Moosehillock mountain, and a large
part of Carres mountain lies in
the eastern part of the town,
and over its southeast extremity the
There
Coos turnpike
here
3 saw-mills,
is
1
passes.
grain-mill and
3
religious
Leslie was settled here in 1779,
and Rev. C. Page is the present pastor.
There are in
Washington 2 grain-mills, 3
saw-mills, 1 clothing-mill, 1
carding-machine, 2 distilleries, 2 oil-mills, and 3 trading
stores.
Wearz, a township in Hillsborough county, was incorpolated in 1764, and now contains 2630 inhabitants ; bounded N. bj' Hopkinton and Henniker, E. by Dunbarton and
Goffstown, S. by New-Boston,
and W. by Deering and Francestown, comprising an area of
33,648 acres.
A
Washington,
Cheshire
incorporated in
in
county, was
1776, and contains 820 inhabitants
;
bounded N. by Go-
shen, E. by Bradford and
Hillsl^orough, S. by Stoddard,
and
and 1
Rev. George
societies
meeting-house.
W. by Marlow and Lemp*-
principal branch of Piscataquog river passes through
Near the centre of
this town.
Weare is Mount William. Rev.
Amos Wood was ordained
here in 1789, and was succeeded by Rev. John Cayford.
Elders H. Buzzel and S. To-
�CAZETTHER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
and S. Streeter
(an universalist) at present officiate in this town.
There are here 5 religious
societies and 3 meeting-houses,
7 grain-mills, 8 saw-mills, 3
hie (pabtists,)
clothing-mills,
1
cotton-facto-
tist,
was the
first
2QS
settled minis-
ter in this town.
Wentworth,
in
Grafton
county, was incorporated in
1766, and contains 645 inhabit-
bounded N. E. by Warby Rumney, S. W.
by Dorchester,- and N. W. by
ants
;
ry,
4 carding-machines, 2 distilleries, 1 oil-mill, and 5 trad-
ren, S. E.
ing stores.
Orford, comprising an area of
22,522 acres. The north and
south branches of Baker's river unite in this town, and Pond
brook, flowing from a small
pond on the line of Orford,
falls into the northern branch.
In the N. E. part of the town
is a
part of Carres mountain.
At Aiktn's bridge, which is
thrown over the north branch
of Baker's river there is a
small vilkge, containing 10 or
12 houses. Sec. There is in this
Wendell, a township in
Cheshire county, formerly called Saville, was incorporated
in 1781, and contains 447 inIt is bounded N.
habitants.
by Springfield, E. by Sunapee
lake, which separates it from
New-London and Fishersfield
in Hillsborough county, S. by
Goshen, and W. by Croydon
and Newport, comprising 15,
666 acres, 2,860 of which are
water.
About 2,720 acres of
Sunapee pond are in this town,
and form a noble sheet of wa-
Here is the principal
Fr»m
source of Sugar rwer.
ter.
,
the southern extremity of the
pond in Fishersfield to the N.
W. point of the north bay the
This is
distance is 7 miles.
the length of the pond from N.
There are three small
to S.
ponds here containing 140 aThe outlet of Sunapee
eres.
pond IS little more than 2 miles
south of the centre of the town.
The whole pond contains
4,095 acres. Sugar river flowing from it has a westerly
course into Newport.
There
are in Wendell 3 corn-mills, 4
saw-mills, and
Elder N.
clothing mill.
Woodward, a bap1
town
1
mills,
mttrt'ng-house, 4 gr:nn5 saw-mills, 1 fulling-
mill, a
carding-machine, and a
distillery.
West River Mountain.
(See Chesterfield.)
Westmoreland
lies
on
Connecticut river in the north
part of Cheshire county.
It
was incorporated in 1752, and
contains
1,937 inhabitants
bounded N. by Walpole, E. by
Surry and Keene, S. by Chesterfield, and W. by Connecticut river, which separates it
from Putney in Vermont. Its
area is 22,446 acres.
There
are here 5 religious societies
and 3 meeting-houses, 2 of
them for baptists and the oth-
�GAZETTEKU OF NEW-IIAMPSIIIKE.
206
erfor congregationalists.
Rev.
W. Goddard
was
The
the
first
minister of the place. Elders
Bailey and Pratt have betn his
successors, '^oth oi whom still
officiate. Tiicre is in this town
a pleasant village, 5 grainmills, 6 saw-mills, 2 clothingmills, an oil-mill, 2 distilleries,
and 4 trading stores.
Wheelwright's Pond
the
the
N.
part of
is
in
Lee and forms
source of Oyster river.
This pond is memovable for
fought
the battle which was
near it in 1690, between a
scouting party of Indians and
two companies oi rangers under Capts. Floyd and Wiswall,
the engagement lasted 2 hours.
Wiswall, his lieutenant, sergeant, and 12 men were killed
and several were wounded.
Floyd continued the fight, till
his men, wearied and wounded, drew off and forced him to
The enemy
follow.
treated,
the
also re-
Avithout carrying
wounded of our
off
party.
Whitefield, an
irregular
part of
Coos county, containing by the
inhabitants;
last census 51
township
in the S.
bounded N.
W. by
W.
Dalton and
Lancaster, E. by Jefferson, S.
by Bretton Woods, and S. W.
by Bethlehem in Grafton county, comprising 20,800 acres.
part of Round pond and several others lie in this town, from
each of which John's river re-
A
ceives a tributary stream as
it
Dalton. The main
road from Plymouth to Lan-
passes to
caster passes over the west part
of the town. From the N.W.
extremity of Whitefield
to
Connecticut river the distance
is about 4 miles.
White Mountains. These
mountains were first explored
by Walter Neal and some others
1631,
in
who
described
them as a ridge extending a
hundred leagues, on which
snow lay the whole year. They
visited them with the hope of
finding precious stones, and
having picked up something
like crystal, this was sufficient
to give the ridge the name of
Crystal
hills.
Belknap,
Dr.
(the historian of
New-Hamp-
shire) describes
these
tains in the following
mounmanner;
The White mountaimt are
the
most elevated part of a ridge,
which extends N.E. and S.W.
an immense distance.
The
area of their base is an irregular figure, the whole circuit of
which is not less than 60 miles.
The number of summits within this area cannot be ascertained at present, the country
thick
ai-ound them being a
wilderness the greatest number can be seen at once from
Jefferson on the N. W. side.
;
Here seven summits appear at
view, of which four are
one
bald.
Of these, the
est are the
three high-
most distant, being
on the eastern side of the cluster, one of these is the moun-
which makes so majestic
an appearance all along the
shore of the eastern counties
It has lateof Massachusetts.
tain,
�207
GAZETTEER OF NBW-HAMPSHIRE.
iy received the
name
of
Having
Mount
surmounted
the
Washington, To arrive at the
foot of the mountain there is a
continual ascent of 12 miles
from the plain of Pigwacket,
upper and steepest
which brings the
traveller to
moss and bearing the appear-
the height of land between the
ance of a pasture in the beginIn some openning of winter.
Saco and Amcriscoggin
At
rivers.
this height, there is a level,
about a mile square, part of
which is now a meadow and
was formerly a beaver pond,
having a dam at each end.
.Here,, though elevated more
than 3000 feet above the level
of the sea, the traveller finds
On
himself in a deep valley.
the east is a steep mountain
out of which issues several
springs of clear water, one of
which is the source of Ellis
river, (a southern branch of
the Saco) another is the fountain of
Peabody river (a northAmcriscog-
ern branch of the
gin.)
From
this
meadow
ward
the west there
interrupted ascent in
between two
to-
an una ridge
is
gullies,
to
the
summit of Mount Washington*
The
eastern
side
of
the
mountain rises in an angle of
45 degrees, and requires 6 or 7"
hours of hard labour to ascend
Many of the precipices
are so bald, as to oblige the
traveller to use his hands as
it.
well as his feet, and to hold
by the trees, Avhich diminish in
size till they are mere shrubs
and bushes ; above these are
low vines bearing red and blue
The uppermost vegberries.
etation is a species of winter
grass, mixed with the moss of
rocks.
there
is
plain.
precipice,
a large area called the
dry heath, com-
It is a
posed of rocks covered with
ings between the rocks, there
are springs of water, in others
dry gravel. Here the grous
or heath birds resort and are
The
generally out of danger.
Sugar-loaf which stands on
apyramidnlheap of
grey rocks, which in some plac-
this plainis
formed like winding
This pinnacle has been
ascended in an hour and a half.
The traveller having gained
the summit, is recompensed for
his toil, if the sky be serene
with a most noble and exes
are
steps.
tensive prospect.
E. side, there is a
On
the S.
view of the
Atlantic ocean, the nearest
part of which is 65 miles disOn the
tant on a direct line.
W. and N. the prospect is
bounded by the high lands,
which separate the waters of
the Ameriscoggin and Connecticut rivers from those of
Lake Champlain and the St.
Lawrence. On the S. it extends to the southernmost moun"
tains of New-Hampshire, comprehending a view of Lake
Winnipiseogee. On every side
of these mountains, are long
winding gullies, beginning at
the precipices below the plain,
and deepening in the descent.
In the winter the snow lodges in
these gullies and being driven by
the
N.W.^nd N.E. winds from
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSmRE.
208
the top, is deepest in those on
It is obthe southerly side.
served to lie longer in the
spring on the S. than on the N.
W.
side.
During nine or ten months,
these mountains exhibit more
or less of that bright appearance, which gives them the apIn the
pellation of -white.
spring, when the snow is partly
dissolved, they have a pale
blue complexion, approaching
a sky colour, while at the distance of eight miles, they have
the proper colour of rocks.
These changes are observed
only by
constant
people, who live in
view of them, and
and observabe concluded,
that the whiteness of them is
wholly caused by the snow.
In the western pass of these
a remarkable
mountains is
from these
tions,
it
facts
may
pass called the notch^ the narrowest part of which is but 22
feet wide, between two perpendicular rocks.
From the height above, a
brook descends and meanders
when
two hunters
passed
through it. It is now part of
a road to Coos and Canada.
This gap lies from Portsmouth N. 20° W. 90 miles
on a direct line, and from
Concord 4° E. 70 miles.
These mountains are in lat15' N. ; and the line
itude 44
of perpetual congelation in that
latitude, as deduced from observations made in Europe, is
7,872 feet above the level of
<>
the sea.
From the greater
coldness
of American latitudes, this point in them must
short of the above estimate.
altitude therefore of the
White mountains cannot be supposed more than 7,800 feet
above the 1< vel of the sea.
These mountains are surroundfall
The
ed by settled towns, except
about 8 miles on the east side
between Adams and Shelburne.
Mount Washington is 82 miles
on a direct line from Ports-
mouth N. 17° W. and from
Portland N. 55° W. and from
Boston 120 miles N. 3° W.
The
following
additional
through a meadow, which was
formerly a beaver pond. It is
surrounded by rocks, which on
one side are perpendicular and
on the other rise in an angle
of 45 degrees, forming a strik-
particulars are extracted
It is
ingly picturesque scene.
about 40 rods through this gap
and tht;n the land resumes its
level appearance.
from
tific
This
defile
was known
to
the Indians, who formerly led
their captives through it to
Canada, but it was forgotten
or neglected
till
the year X77\^
account published in the
Medical Journal, by a party of
gentlemen from Boston, who
an
visited these mountains injuly,
1816, for the purpose of scienobservation.
" In the United States, exclusive, or possibly inclusive,
of Louisiana, the highest point
or ridge of land is undoubtedly
that of the White mountains
in New-Hampshire. From the
earliest settlement of the country these
mountains have
at-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
tracted the notice of the inhab-
and of mariners along
the coast, by the distance at
which they are visible, and the
whiteness of their appearance
during three quarters of the
year.
They were for a long
itants,
time the subject of fabulous representations the Indians had
a superstitious dread of them,
;
and travellers who occasionalascended their summits, re-
ly
turned with exaggerated reports
of the difficulty and distance,
as well as of the strange productions found on the more
elevated parts of their surface.
" The earliest account of an
ascent of the White mountains
is given in Gov. Winthrop's
Journal, and appears to have
taken place in the year 1642.
This account is somewhat curious, if not otherwise, at least
for
its
antiquity.*
*"One Darby Field, an Irishman,
living about Piscat, being' accompanied with two Indians, went lo the top
of the White Hill. He made his journey in eighteen days. His relation at
it was about 160
miles from Saco, that after 40 miles
travel, he did for the most part ascend ;
and within 12 miles of the top, was
neither tree nor grass, but low savins,
which they went upon the top of sometimes, but a continual ascent upon
rocks, on a ridge between two vallies
filled With snow, out of which came
two branches of the Saco river, whicli
met at the foot of the hill where was
an Indian town of some 200 people.
Some of them accompanied him within
8 miles of the top, but durst go no further, telling him that no Indian ever
dared to go higher, and that he would
die if he went.
So they staid there
till his return, and his two Indians
his return was, that
took courage by his example and went
with him. They went divefs times
27
209
" Within the last 40 years
White mountains have
been repeatedly ascended by
different exploring parties, and
the
several accounts of their pro-
ductions and phenomena have
been published. The object of
this paper is to detail such observations as were made by a
party from Boston, who visitthrough the thick clouds for a good
space, and within 4 miles of the top,
they had no clouds but very cold.
By
the way among the rocks, there were
two ponds, one a blackish water, and
the other reddish. The top of all was
plain, about 60 feet square.
On the
north side was such aprecipice as they
could scarcely discern 'he bottom.
They had neither cloud nor wind on
the top, and moderate iieat.
All the
country about him seemed a level, except here and there a hill rising above
the rest, and far beneath them. He
saw to the north, a great water wliich
he ju(dged to be 100 miles broad, but
could see no land beyond it. The sea
by Saco seemed as if it hud been within 20 miles.
He saw also a sea to the
eastward whicli he judg'ed to be tlie
gulph of Canada he saw some great
waters in parts to the westward,which
he judged to be'tlie great lake Canada
He found there
river comes out of.
much Muscovy glass, they could rive
out pieces 40 feet long, and 7 or 8
When hje came back to the
broad.
Indians, he found them drying themselves by the fire, for they had a great
tempest of wind and rain. About a
month after, he went again with five or
six of his company, then they had some
wind on the top, and some clouds above
tliem, which hid the sun. They brought
some stones which they supposed had
been diamonds, but they were most
;
chrystal."
Winthrop''s Journal, p. 247" The relation of Darby Field, may
be considered as in the main cor>ect,
reasonable deductions
after making
for the distance, the length of the
Muscovy glass, and the quantity' of water in view, which it may be suspected has not been seen by any visitoi"
since his time."
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
210
ed them
the beginning
in
of
" Thtse mountains are situated in lat. aliout 44° 15' N.and
long. 71° 20' W. from Greenwich. They are distant about
150 miles from Boston. Their
Indian name according to Dr.
B; Iknap, w*s Agiocochook.
" Our approach to them was
made from ihe northwest, com-
mencing
at the
town of Lan-
caster, a village situated on the
Connecticut river,25miles from
their
From
base.
this
town
a road has been cut, passing
through a gap of the mountains
to Portland, and constituting
the principal outlet of the Coos
country. This road takes the
course of the Israel's river, a
Connenicur,
branch of the
Pliny
the
passing between
mountains on the left and the
Pondcherry mountain on the
right.
Tne
village of
Lancas-
situated in a valley surrounded in several directions
by very elevated ridges of land.
ter
is
A
number of the summits in
sight of this place could not be
estimated
at less
than
3000
height, judging from
the experience we had acquired of several hills of known
altitude on the road, and the
accounts given by the inhabitfeet in
ants of the time necessary for
their ascent and descent.
**
The road from Lancaster
passes through
J-.fF
rson, (for-
Dartmouth) Bretton
Woods, and Nash and Saw-
merly
yer's locations, to the notch of
T'lis road in
the mountains.
course runs over the foot of
Its
the
lies
July, 1816.
Pondcherry mountain. It
for most of the way
through thick woods but rarely enlivened with the
appearance of cultivation.
At Playstead's house, 13 miles Jrom
their base we had a fair view
of the White Hills. They presented the appearance of a continued waving range of summits, of
which
it
was
to select the highest.
difficult
At Rose-
brooks, 4i miles from the
notch, the view of them was
very distinct and satisfactory.
could now clearly discern
the character of the summits,
five or six of which were entirely bald and presented the
appearance of a grey and ragged mass of stones towering
above the woods, with which
the sides and base were clothed.
In several places we observed a broad continued stripe
descending the mountain and
having the appearance of a regular road cut through the trees
and rocks from near the base
to the summit of the mountain.
On examining these with a telescope they were found to be
channels of streams, and in
several, the water could be
seen dashing down the rocks.
We
" Between Rosebrooks and
the notch is a plain, or rather
a swamp, the waters of which
pass off in different directions,
partly to the Amonoosuck, a
branch of the Connecticut, and
partly by an opposite course
After cl-ossing
to the Saco.
several brooks running towards
the former, we came to another stream, the water of
�GAZETTEEtt OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE,
which was so sluggish that it
required some time to become
satisfied that it was actually
flowing in the opposite direction.
This stream has its origin in a pond of one or two
acres, situated near the road,
and hiving no other inlet
or outlet.
This pond appears
to be the prinrcipal source of
the Saco river.
" The waters of this stream
being collected from several
sources proceed directly toward the side of the mountain.
At
the point where to
al)
ap-
pearance they must be intercepted in their courst-, there
occurs one of the most extraordinar)' features of the pb'.ce,
well known by the name of the
notch.
The whole mountain,
which otherwise forms a continued range, is here cloven
down
quite to
its
base, afford-
ing a free opening to the vv>^ters of the S ico, which pass off
with a gradual descent toward
the sea.
This gup is so narrow that space has with difficulty been obtained for the
road, which follows the course
of the Saco through the Hoich
In one place the
eastward.
river disappears, being lost in
the caves and crevices of the
rocks, and under the shelves
of the adjoining precipice, at
length reappearing at the distance of some rods below. The
notch gradually widens into a
long narrow valley, in the lower part of which is situated
the town of Bartlett.
"There is no part of the mountain more calculated to excite
211
and wonder than the
scenery of this natural gap.
The crags and precipices on
both sides rise at an angle of
great steepness, forming a support or basement for the lofty
and irregultr ridges above.
One of the most picturesque
interest
objects in our view
was
a ciiff
presenting a perpendicular face
of great height and crowned at
its inaccessible summit with a
profusion of floweringshrubs.*
For mnny miles below the
commenrement of the notch
the eye meets on both sides a
succession of steep and precipitous mountains, rising to the
height of some thousands of
feet, and utterly
inaccessii)le
from the valley below. The
sid( s of these mountains conin
some parts of bald
rock, streaked or variegated
by the trickling of water, in
others they are covered with
trees and shrubs.
The occasional torrents formed by the
freshets in the spring have in
many places swept away the
stones and trees from their
course, for a great distance,
and left the vestiges of their
way in a wide path or gully over naked rocks.
" In some instances the fire
had run over the sides of the
mountain, destroying the vegetation and leaving- the dead
trunks of the trees standing
like stubble in a field, and presenting a singular appearance
of desolation for some miles in
sist
*
Rhodora Canadensis,
Tune 20th.
in full flower
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIJIE.
*2V2
Several brooks, the
of the Saco, fall
down the abrupt declivities,
forming a succession of beautiful cascades in sight of the
road.
were told that the
wind sweep-b through the notch
with great violence.
ttt times
The lightning is said to strike
frequently in the mountains
from the clouds about their
sides, and the sound of the
thunder in this place is represented as unusually loud and
severe.
The report of a musket discharged in the notch,
was followed by a long echo,
reverberated for some time
from both sides of the mounextent.
tributaries
We
tain.
" The White Hills have been
ascended by
from
various
routes,
their different sides.
The
course which is usually considered as attended with the
least difficulties,
commences
is
that which
at the plain of
Pigwacket, at present the town of
Conway,and follows the course
of Ellis river, a northern
branch of the Saco, having its
origin high in the mountain.
" The place of leaving the
road, to follow the track of
this stream is in the town of
Adams about 20 miles from
the summit of the highest part
pf the mountain.
Of this distance seven or eight miles ma)'
be rode over on horseback,
the rest must be performed on
foot.
After leaving the borders of cultivation, our course
lay through thick woods, on a
level or with a gentle ascent,
not much encumbered with an
under growth of bushes, for
six miles.
The walking was
tolerably good, except the cir-
cumstance of being obliged
once or twice to ford the
streams. Our encampment for
the night, was made at the
mouth of New river, a principal branch of the Ellis.
This
river takes its name from the
recency of
happened
its
origin,
which
October, 1775.
At this time, during a great
flood, that took place in consequence of heavy rains, a
large body of waters, which
had formerly descended by
other channels, found their
way over the eastern brink of
the mountains, and ftll down
toward the Ellis, carrying the
rocks and trees before them in
their course, and inundating
in
the adjacent country.
freshet the banks
By
this
of the Saco
were overflowed, cattle were
drowned, and fields of corn
were swept away and destroyed.
New
Since that period, the
river has remained a con-
and at the place
descends the last precipice, forms a splendid cascade
of 100 feet in height.
" From this encampment,
stant stream,
where
it
which was -seven miles from
of the mountain, >ve
proceeded- the next day, (July
2,) two or three miles by the
side of Ellis river, on a gradthe top
ual ascent, occasionally encumbered by the trunks of fallen
trees.
now left the Ellis,
for one of its principal branches, called Cutler's river, lead-
We
ing directly towards the princi-
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAM PSHmE.
summit. After climbing
by the side of this stream for
pal
a considerable
trees of the
distance,
forest
the
around us
began to diminish in height,
and we found ourselves at the
second zone or region of the
This region is enmoutitain.
tirely covered with a thick low
growth of evergrecHS, principally the black spruce, and silver fir, which risf to about the
height of a man's head, and
put out numerous, strong, horizontal branches, which are
closely interwoven
with
other, and surround the
each
moun-
tain with a formidable hedge a
quarter of a mile in thickness.
This zone of evergreens, has
always constituted one of the
most serious
difficulties in
the
White Hills. The
passage through them is now
ascent of the
much
facilitated
by
a path cut
by the direction of Col. Gibbs,
who ascended the mountain
some years
since.
*'On emerging from this thicket, the barometer stood at 25,
93, giving our elevation above
the sea, at 4,443 feet.
were now above all woods, and
at the foot of what is called
the bald part of the mountain.
It rose before us with a steepness surpassing that of any
We
213
half a mile, which must be
performed by cautiously stepping from one rock to another,
as they present themselves like
irregular stairs, winding on the
broken surface of the moi^n-
In the interstices of these
rocks were occasional patches
of dwarfish fir and spruce, and
beautiful tufts of small alpine
shrubs, then in full flower.
tain.
" Having surmounted this
we found ourselves on
This like the
a second plain.
first, was covered with withered grass, and a few tufts of
height
flowers.
Its continuity
is in-
by several declivities, one of which we descended to our left, to reach a brook
that crosses it here, from the
There remained
rocks above.
now to be ascended only the
terrupted
principal peak, the one desig-
nated in Winthrop's Journal,
the name of the Sugar-loaj\
and in Belknap's New-Hampshire, by the name of Mount
Waskington. This we accomplished in half an hour, by
climbing the ridge to the north
of it, and walking on this ridge
by
quarter of a mile,
summit.
" If the traveller could be
transported at once to the top
of this mountain, from the
country below, he would no
doubt be astonished and delighted at the magnitude of his
elevation, at the extent and variety of the surrounding sceaery, and above all, by the huge
and desolate pile of rocks, ex-
and began to climb upon the
There was here a conside.
tinued and laborious asceBt of
tending to a great distance in
every direction beneath him,
and appearing to insulate him
ground we
had passed, and
presented to view a huge,
dreary irregular pile of dark
naked rocks.
"We crossed a plain or gentle
slope, of a
to the
�214
GAZETTEKR OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
the rest of the world. But
the length and fatigue of the
approach, the time occupied in
the ascent, the gradual manner
in which the prospect has been
unfolding itself, are circumstances which leave less novelty to be enjoyed at the summit,
than at first view of the subject, would be expected.
"The day of our visit was uncommonly fine, yet the atmosphere was hazy, and our view
of remote objects, was very indistinct.
The Moosehillock,
one of the highest mountains
of New-Hampshire, situated in
Coventry, near the Connecticut, was visible on the south.
The Kearsarge, Double-headed mountains, and several othfroiti
ers
east.
were
in
full
view
at the
The coimtry around
in
almost every direction, is uneven and mountainous. Its
appearance is described by
Josselyn, in his *' Rarities of
New-England," published in
1672, wlio says that the country beyond the mountains to
the northward, " is daunting
terrible, being full of rocky
mole hills in a
and clothed with inthick woods."*
hills, as
thick as
meadow
finite
;
* " Messrs. J. W. and F. Boott, who
have Visited the mriuntains since, and
found the atmosphere very clear on
the suinmit at half past 7 A. M. have
favoured me with the following- bear-
" Our anticipations were not
realized, in regard to several
we had been
taught to expect at the summit.
The state of the air was
mild and temperate, so that the
over coats which we carried up
in expectation of extreme cold,
were left at the foot of the last
ascent. The thermometer stood
phenomena,
at 57, F;ihr.
on the summit
12 o'clock, and on
day
at
same
the
Conway, 25 miles dison the plain below, it was
at
tant,
The snow lay in patchof an acre in extent upon
the sides, but appeared to be
rapidly dissolving.
were
not conscious of any material
alteration in the density of the
atmosphere, as neither sound
nor respiration were perceptibly impeded.
Instead of an
absence from these barrt*n regions, of animal and vegetable
life ; we found a multitude of
insects, buzzing around
the
highest rocks ; every stone was
at 80.
es
We
covered with lichens, and some
plants
were
in flower
in
crevices, within a few feet
the summit.
"
the
of
The
ascent from our enat the mouth of
New river, including stops,
had employed us six hours and
campment
—
6. S.
long hill
having an eminence at each extremit}-,
Vermont, W. by S. a little S
Sebago
luke S.E. ^ E' McMillans Tnn.Conway,
The second highest
S. by E. ^ E.
summit of the White hills N.N.E.byE.
This summit is separated from the one
called Mount Washington, by a gulph
opening eastwardly. It is very lofty,
falling but little below a horizontal
line obtained by a level on the former
aaid by the guide to be the highest in
place.
ings of objects in sight.
The sea, supposed near Portland S.E. by E. Lake
Winnipseogee
W.— A
—
—
�«AZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
The
a half.
summit
descent from the
same
to the
place, oc-
We
cupied about five hours.
on the mountain our names
left
and the date, inclosed in a
and cemented to the
bottle,
highest rock.*
" Height of the White Moun-
The
tains.
great distance at
which these mountains are visible, and the apparent length of
their ascent, have led to estimates of their height considerexctedihg the probable
The Rev. Dr. Cutler,
truth.
who twice visited them, and
observabarometrical
took
tions computes the height in
round numbers, at 10,000 feet
above the level of the sea. Dr.
Belknap, in his history of
New-Hampshire, i? persuaded,
that this computation is too
Kioderate, and that subsequent
ably
calculations
will
mtke
the
height even greater. Mr. Bowditch has published in the
transactions of the American
Academy, a logarithmic calculation founded on the barom-
observed by Dr. Cutand Professor Peck, in
1804, which gives them an el-
eter, as
ler
evation of 7,055.
" Capt. Partridge, an engineer in the United States' serv* Parce, viator,
ciiifuhnina parcent.
Hoc
fragile
monumentum
Lemuel Shaw,
Nathaniel Tucker,
Jacob Bigelow,
Franciscus C. Gray,
Franciscus Boott,
Bostonieiises
Die
Julii 2do.
A. D. 1816,
Monte Agiocochook »uperat»,
hie reli^ueri^it.
ice, visited the
21§
mountain some
years since, and took barometrical observations on several
of the principal peaks.
His
observations now in possession
of Professor Farrar at the
University, give to the highest
summit an elevation of
only 6103 feet.
"
A
mountain barometer, of
Engleficld's construction, carried by Mr. Gray of our party,
stood on the summit at noon
at 24, 23 ; the accompanying
thermometer being at 57. At
the
same day
at
Cambridge,
the barometer stood at 29, 95,
and the thermometer at 76.
This diffv-^rence of the barome-
making the necessary corrections for temperature,
and variation in the surface of
the cistern, would give, according to Sir H. C. Englefield's formula, a difference of
6230 feet in the altitude of the
two places.
logarithmic
calculation was made, from
ter, afttr
A
same data, by Professor
which resulted in a
diffrrence of 6194 feet.
This
number being added to 3 1 feet,
the height of Cambridge above
the sea, will give 6225 feet,
which may be assumed as the
prob<ible height of the White
the
F.irrar,
Hills, above the waters of the
ocean.
" In favour of the correctness
of the observations on which
computation
is founded, "it
be observed, that the barometer employed was of the
this
may
most approved and modern
guarded a-
canstrMction,, being
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
216
gainst accidents with an express view to its use in expeditions
of
this
sort
j
that
it
went and returned without injury ; and at the end of the
journey agreed with other instruments at the University,
precisely as it had done before
its removal.
" In confirmation of the present estimate, it may also be observed, that a geometrical ad-
measurement, taken by Dr.
Shattuck, and others from the
plain in front of Rosebrook's
house, gave to the summit an
elevation of 4620 feet above
This being added
that place.
to 1648,the barometrical height
of Rosebrook's above the sea,
will give a total of
43
differing only
6268 feet,
from our
feet
estimate.
*'
W.Maclure,Esq. author of
geological
the
map
of
the
United States, informs me,that
from two geometrical admeasurements made some years
since on the eastern and western sides of the mountain, he
arrived at results nearly similar."
WiLT0H,a township in Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1762,and contains 101
bounded N. by
inhabitants
;
Lyndeborough, E. by Milford,
S. by Mason, and W.by Temple
:
TViis
al
er,
its
is 15,820 acres.
watered by sever-
area
town
is
branches of Sowhegan rivwkich unite near its easter-
which Rev.
Livermore was ordained in
1763, and removed in 1777.
Rev. A. Fisk was ordained in
1778, and Rev. T. Bedee, the
present p.lstor, in 1803. There
are here 4 grain- mills, 4 sawmills, 2 carding-machines, and
gationalists, over
J.
2 trading stores.
WiLMOT, a township in
Hillsborough county, was incorporated in 1807, and con298 inhabitants bounded
by Springfield, N.E.by
Danbury, New-Chester, and
Andover, S. E. by Kearsarge
Gore, and S. W. by Sutton and
tains
N.
;
W.
New-London, comprising
14,
780 acres.
This town was in 1807, set
and
off from New-London
Kearsarge Gore. A branch of
Blackwater river has its source
in this town and flows through
There are here several
it.
mills.
Winchester lies in the S.
\y. part of Cheshire county
it
was incorporated in 1753,
and contains 1478 inhabitants;
bounded N. by Chesterfield
and Swanzey, E. by Swanzey
and Richmond, S. by Warwick,
(Mass.) and W. by Hinsdale,
comprising 33,534 acres, 600
of which arc water.
In Winchester is Humphreys'*
pond^ 200 rods long and 80
Ashuelot river, in its
wide.
passage through this town, receives Roaring brook and sev-
ly exiremity.
eral other streams."
There is here 1 meetinghouse and 1 society of congre-
N. H. and
The
6th
the Ashuelot turn-
pikes pass through Winchester.
�GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
There are
in this
houses.
was
place 3 re-
and 2 meeting-
ligious societies
M. Lawrence
Rev.
settled here in
Rev. E. Conant
1764, and
containing each 50 or 60 acres.
turnpike crosses the northern extremity of
the town.
The 2d N. H.
There
in 1788.
4
grain-mills, 9 sawmills, 3 clothing-mills, 1 card-
are here
WiNNIPISEOGEE
1
and 2
distilleries,
Windham,
cotton factory,
in
stores.
Rockingham
county, was incorporated in
1741, and contains 742 inhabi-
bounded N, by LondonNew-Salem, S.
by Pelham,and W. by Nottingham West and Londonderry
tants
;
derry, E. by
:
One
area is 15,744 acres.
half of Policy p07id Vies in this
town, and the other half in
Salem ; it is 420 rods long and
its
140 wide ; Cabbo pond 600
rods long and 100 wide H'lteMitchells
litey
Golden^ and
ponds anxl other smaller ones
Beaver rivare in this town.
er forms the western boundary
The Londonof Windham.
derry turnpike crosses the eastern extremity of the town.
There is here 1 meeting-house,
in which the Rev.
Johnson was ordained in 1760.
Rev. J. Kinkeed, S. Williams,
and the present minister Rev.
S. Harris, have succeeded him.
;
There are in this place several
mills and stores.
in
Hillsborough
13
largest
Its
breadth
is
very une-
qual, but in no place more than
8 miles. Some very long points
of land project into this lake,
and jt contains several islands.
The
surrounding
mountains
give rise to many streams which
flow into it.
From the S. E.
extremity of this lake called
Merry -Meeting bay^ to its N.
W. point called Centreharbor,
there is good navigation in the
summer and a good road in the
winter, which is much travelled by the people of the adjacent towns.
The lake is froz-
en about 3 months in the year.
Trout are caught here weighing from 5 to 25 lb.
Cusk
are also caught here. The waters of this lake are about 470
feet higher than the tide waters of
Dover
river.
WiNNIPISEOGEE RiVER
is
the stream through which the
waters of the above lake flow
into
sues
arm
Windsor,
LaKE
body of water in
New-Hampshire,
being 22
miles in length from S.E. toN.
the
W.
ing-machine,
2
2ir
Merrimack
river.
It is-
from
the southwestern
of the lake at a place
which
remarkable for the
fish caught there.
It then opens into Long bay
between Meredith and Gilford,
thence through a lesser bay to
is
coimty, contains
number of
are here several small ponds,
Meredith bridge, thence between Gilmanton and Sanborn-
238 inhabitants, and is bounded W. by
Cheshire county, N. by Hillsborough, and S. by Antrim,
comprising S^^\i5 acres. There
�GAZETTEER OP NEW-HAMPSHlRK.
218
ton into Sanbornton bay, which
is about 7 miles long and 3 wide.
This river dividtrs Sanbornton
from Giimanton, and flows between Sanborn ion and North-
Pcmigewasset river,
The whole distance from the lake to this
junction with the PemigewasIt is in
set river is 20 miles.
field
to
(which see.)
contemplation
to cut a
from the lake
to
canal
Merrimack,
the waters of the lake being
about232 feet higher than those
of the Merrimack, and about
438 feet higher than those of
Charles river, where the Middlesex canal empties into it.
It cannot be doubted that these
would
canals
benefit the sur-
rounding country by
facilitat-
ing the transportation of its
productions and enhancing the
value of its lands.
WiNNicoNETT (commonly
called
Winnkot)
a large
swamp
river, rises in
in
Hampton,
and after a northerly course
through a part of Stratham into Greenland, it meets the tidewaters about 200 feet from the
Great bay.
by Ossipee, S.E. by Brookfield
and Ntw-Durham, and S. W.
by Alton and lake Winnipiseogee, containing 28,600 acres,
400 of which are water. Smith'*
pond^ 1050 rods long and 556
wide, in the southeast part of
the town, discharges
its waters
westerly through Crooked river into the lake.
There are
here several other large ponds,
viz. Crooked^ RusVs^ EastorCs^
and Sargeant's ponds.
At a
Smithes bridge
place called
there is a smxU village containing several mills, stores, &",.
Rev. E. Allen, a congrega-
tionalist,
and Elder Townsend,
a baptist, were the first ordained ministers in this town. They^
were both ordained on the 25th
of October, 1792.
Ehler
Townsend
There are
is
still
in this
in
office.
town 2 meet-
ing-houses, 8 school-houses, 4
grain-mills,
4 saw-mills, X
clothing-mill, and 1 cardingfamily of the
a chine.
name of Blake were the first
m
A
who moved
county, was incorporated in
1770, and in 1810, tontaint-d
into this town. Mr.
Blake and wife are still living.
At the foot of a hill which
stands on the bank of one of the
pcmds in this town, there is a
spring strongly impregnated
with a mineral substance which
said to give the water a
is
bounded N.
1376 inhabitants
W. by Moultonborough, N.E.
quality similar to those of the
j.G.o.
Saratoga springs.
WoLFEBORO,UGH,inStrafford
;
�PART
III.
Topographical and Statistical tables alphabetically ahrangkd
shewing
THE COUnSE AITD DISTAJfCE O^ A DIRECT LINE FROTI PoRTSMOCTH, CoNCOIlD, BoSTO]v, AND Portland.
Also, the NtnMBER of miles bt TiiK hoads commonly
THATEILED— NCMBER OF NeAT CaTTLE AND HORSKS TO WHICH 19 AKDED THE
PROPORTION FOR TaXES IN 1775, AND 1812 NUMBER OF INHABITANTS IN 1775
Towns having a Post-Office number or miles to the city of Washington AND Topographical Remarks.
;
—
—
;
;
TABLE
Shewing the Course and Distance on a direct line from Portsalso, the number of milks by the roads commonly
TRAVELLED ToWNB HAVING A PosT-OfFICE AND THE NUMBER OF INHABITANTS
I.
mouth AND Concord
;
;
iN 1775.
Course and Dis
;
�Course and Distance
from Concord.
Course and Distance from
Portsmouth.
Column
i
Concord
Concord
Conway
Cornibh
Coventry
Croydon
Dalton
Danbury
Deerfield
Droving
DixviUe
Dorchester
Dover
Dublin
Coos
121 N. 14 \V 160
Rocking.
40 N.72fW.| 45
Grafton
94 N. 52" W. 145
65 N. 13 W. 75
Strafford
80 N. 67 W. 105
Cheshire
85 N. 38 W. 120
Grafton
73 N. 67 W. 90
Cheshire
98 N. 25 W. 140
Coos
62 N. 58 W. 75
Grafton
25 N. 78 W. 30
Rocking.
Hiilsboro' 53 N. 38 W. 70
12; N. 9 W. 180
"oos
(5 raft on
75 N. 49 W. 92
Su-afiord
9 N. 41 W. 12
65 S. 82 n'. 80
f'shire
.
Dummer
Dunbarton
flillsboro'
Dunstable
do.
Durand
Coos
Durham
Strufford
R,)ck'ng.
East -Kingston
Eaton
Effingham
Eli worth
StraflTord
do.
Grafton
Enfield
do.
Epping
Rocking.
Hp_£om
Errol
Exeter
Farmington
Fishersfield
FhzvviUiam
Francestown
Franconia
Gilford
Gilmanton
Gilsum
GofFstown
Goshen
Gosport
Grafton
Greenfield
Greenland
Groton
Hampstead
Hampton
Hampton Falls
Hancock
Hanover
Haverhill
Hawke
Hebron
Henniker
Hillsborough
Hinsdale
Holderness
Hollis
Hopkinton
jaflrey
do.
107
41
N
11 V/. 150
N. 85 W.
42
S.
9l
9
16
N. 14 W.
50
64
130
W,
10
6<J
N. 63
51
57 !n. 17
47 :N. 16
74.
to
16
30
\\
W 22
W 70
W 53
N. 40 W 84
60 W 86
85 W 20
70 W. 32
6A W 180
:S.
113
Coos
11
5G W.
Rocking.
26 N. 37 W.
St rafford
Hdlsboro' 63 N. 75
72 S. 75 W.
Cheshire
Hiilsboro' 52 S. 87 W.
85 N. 29 W.
Grafton
45 ;N. 49 W.
Strafford
40 JN. 50 W.
do.
74
Cheshire
W.
ri.Usboro' 39 S. 87 W.
67 N. 75 W.
Cheshire
W
14
35
80
90
68
145
56
50
105
50
87
10*
8u
70
5^
90
30
14
16
10
S. E.
67 N. 59 W.
Hiilsboro' 54 S. 87 W.
4.1
Rocking.
S. 56
70 N. 48
Grafton
24 S. 60 W.
Rocking.
lU S. 25
do.
12 S. 33^ W.
do.
Hillshoro' 60 S. 87 W. 77
80 N-. 56 W. 98
Grafton
90 N. 40 AV 102
do.
193 S. 65 W. 25
Rocking
6,' N.
85
Grafton
49
61
WiUsboro' 54 >f. 78
58 N. 8?
80
do.
80 S. SOW 120
Cheshire
60 N. 40
75
Grafton
58
Hiilsboro' 45 S. 64
60
46 NT.
do.
65 S. 78 W.J 80
Cheshire
RockmgGrafton
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
77W
107
4
N.
E
68
9 W. 100
56
25 E. 76
34
64
60
57
14
70
34
62 W. 44
76 N. 3 W. 130
25
34 W. 30
15
64 E. 20
18
57 W. 25
110
8 E. 170
42
27
49
.)3
84 E., 40
34
52 W. 50
95
lO E. 140
9
20 W. 10
33
5 E. 42
77
9 E. 130
31
78 E. 34
34
52 E. 42
49
25 E 75
43
35 E. 60
45
12 W. 59
36
44
44
26
62 E. 32
!0
78 E, 12
104
12 E 170
34
60 E 43
25
68 E. 40
23 In 77 W. 40
43 Is. 46 W. 60
43 W. 28
3 W. 100
20 E. 30
80 E 2d
73 W. 60
18
S.
79 W. 42
70 E. 51
38^ W. 36
43 W. 40
69 E. 45
23 VV. 45
38 E. 39
60 E 51
57 E 50
56 W. 36
40 W. 55
19 W. 70
47 E. 33
40
19
16
78
30
78
62 W. 75
3 W, 45
40
5
7
78
36 S. 46 W-l 52
W
W
W
I
W
,
.
.
W
W
W
W
W
�Course and Distance from
Portsmouth.
Town*.
�Course and Distance from
�TABLE
11.
SaEVriHOTHZI^UWEBEROF MltES BY THE ROADS COWMOXLT TRATELLED, AND COURSE
AND DISTANCE, ON A DtRECT LINE FROM BOSTON AND PORTLAND, TO THE CENTRE OF EACH Township in New-Hampshire. Also the distance to theCitt
OF Washington bt the Roads,— And Topographical Remarks.
—
Course and Distance from
Boston.
Towns.
Bearings.
Counliej.
W ~'.
W 144
W 9o
N
W 68
N 50 W 95
N 5 W 98
N 39 W 48
N 24 W 86
N 43 W 75
N 7W
Strafford
65
7 W 80
do.
50 N 1 E
ll4 V 2 W
Coos
18 W 150
Grafton
128
Hdlsboro' 43 N 30 W 50
128 V 11 w 180
Grafton
24 W 70
HiUsboro'
N 37 W 58
do.
54 V23 W 68
Rocking
N 37 W 80
HiUsboro'
Rocking. 4u N 3 E 50
13UiN 7W 170
Coos
Grafton
90JN 19 W 95
N
Strafford
93
781
N 50 W 47
HiUsboro'
Strafford 106jN 4 W
150
N 2J2
Coos
Grafton 100|N 14 W 115
98!n 27 W 108
do.
Rucking. 46:N 13 W 55
69 N 17 W 75
do.
96iN 13 W 1J5
Strafford
116'N
E 57
Coos
87'N'47 W 105
Cheshire
Acwortli
N
Cheshiie
Adams
Coos
Grafton
Rocking
Alexandria
AUenstown
Alstead
Alton
Amherst
Andover
Antrim
Atkmson
Bariistead
Harrington
Bartlett
V
M
2
13
16
4ij
NT
7i
14<J
Bath
Bedford
Bethlehem
Boscawen
Boston,
118
88
53
Cheshire
78
72
Straff ird
Hillsboro' 42
do.
79
do.
63
Rocking. 3l>
New
Bow
Bradford
Brentwood
Bretton Woods
Bridgewater
Brookfield
Brookline
Burton
Cambridge
Campton
Canaan
Candia
Canterbury
Centreharbor
Chatham
Charleston
Chester
Chesterfield
Chichester
Claremont
Colebrook
Columbia
N"
6'
NT
5;.
7i'
38.
12-2
1
W
48
Rocking. 42|N 16
771 N 62 ^^
90
Cheshire
85
Rocking. 60JN 15
IN 40 AV 100
90
Cheshire
168:N 5
i\5
Coos
164 N 5
212
do.
W
W
W
�Course and Distance frorn
Boston.
Concord
Concord
Rocking. 60
Grafton
128
Conway
Strafford
Cornish
Coventry
Croydon
Cheshire
Grafton
Cheshire
Dalton
Coos
Danbury
Grafton
Deerfield
Deering
Rocking-,
Hilisboro'
Dixville
Coos
Dorchester
Grafton
N
107
95
N
118 N
89 N
137 N
39 VV
18
36
10 \V
25
W
W
N
U
N 10 W
60 N 39 W
167 NlSiW
103 N 32 W
86
51
53
60
151
Dover
StraiTbrd
Dublin
Cheshire
Dummer
Coos
Dunbarton
HiUsboro' 54
Dunstable
N22\V
X 15 W
do.
135
Durand
Coos
Durham
Epsoni
Coos
Exeter
Rocking-.
Strafford
10
53
E
W
NlSiW
N 27'
N 39W
N
3 VV
49
Strafford
35
Rocking-.
Strafford 100
do.
90
107
Grafton
95
do.
44
Rocking-.
57
do.
Errol
N
N
East-Kingston
Eaton
Effingham
Ellsworth
Enfield
Epping
Farming-ton
Fishersfield
HiUsboro
FitzwiUiam
Francestown
Franconia
Cheshire
Gilford
158
40
66
76
Strafford
do.
HiUsboro
59
55
Greenhmd
124
80
73
73
Cheshire
HiUsboro' 49
80
Cheshire
Rocking. 45
81
Grift on
HilLsboro' 55
44
Rfick.ng.
Gi'oton
Gri.l"ton
Hamp.stead
Rocking.
Ilanipron
37
36
HiUsboro' 6G
10-i
Grafton
122
do.
Rocking. 36
95
Grufuni
HiUsboro' 65
67
do.
77
Cheshire
94
Grafton
HiUsboro' 35
d«.
63
Cheshire
57
!35!X
Coos
G ilmanton
GiUum
Goirstown
G.'sr.en
Gosport
Graft on
Giet-nfield
Han.pton Falls
Hancock
Hanover
Havt-rluU
Hi-wke
Hebron
Henniker
Hillsboiough
Hinsdale
Hoidern^ss
Holhs
Hopkinton
Jaflrey
JtSei'.soit
Grafton
9
3
do.
do.
G \V
�Course and Distance from
Boston.
Course and Distance
from Portland.
Counties.
Keene
Cheshire
Kearsarge Gore
HiUsboro 75
Rocking.
36
Goos
13
Rocking. 36
Coos
142
Grafton
12
Kensing-ton
Kilkenny
Kingston
Lancaster
LandafF
Langdon
Lebanon
Lee
Lempster
Cheshire
Grafton
Strafford
71
N 56
N
N
N
N
N
N
V
N
Litchfield
Littl(-ton
Londonderry
9
5
2
7
IS
50
30
W
\\
E
W
E
\\
W
\\
W
49 N 2 E
80 N 42 W
101
Cheshire
Grafton
117 N
HiUsboro' 35 N
Grafton
135 N
Rocking.
35 N
Lincoln
29
13 VV
30
w
i2 \\
W
20
do.
Loudon
64!N 16 \\ 82
Grafton
165
Lyman
132|n 17
Lyme
do.
971 N 26 VV 126
Lyndeborough
HiUsboro' 48iN 43
58
Madbury
Strafford
52:n 8 E 67
Manchester
HUlsboro' 43iN 23 \\ 4S
64iN 57 \V 76
Marlborough
Cheshire
Marlow
do.
77|n 47 Vv 95
50
Mason
HiUsboro' 42 N 58
195
Maynesborough Coos
140! N 2
Strafford
Meredith
85jN 14 \V 93
HiUsboro' 38N34
40
Merrimack
N
Strafford
88 421S 75
Middleton
73|
Hillsboi'o' 411 N
Milford
4H 90 S 58 VV
70iN 2 E 85 4ols 49 VV
Strafford
Milton
158iN l^W 200 87, N 34
Coos
MiUsiield
120 59 S 85
Mou Itonborough Straff.rd 93; N 8
HUlsboro' 45IN 39 \V 52 87 S 55
Mount-Vernon
44;S 31 W^
Rocking.
47' N 22 E 60
New-Castle
75!S 83
Grafton
84' N 23 \V 90
New-Chester
85 47!S 60 VV
Strafford
71|N 2
New-Durham
110 94'S 86 VV
93N 33
New-Gran tham Grafton
88 N 17
110 69;S 88 VV
Strafford
New-Hampton
Rocking. 48;N 14* E 57 49;S 37
Newington
HiUsboro 46;n 34
New-Ipswich
55 102i» 55
82lN 31
New-London
do.
90 88 S 80 \V
Rocking. 44'N 8 E 58 55jS 42
Newmarket
85:x 37 ^^ 100 97 S 80
Cheshire
Newport
31'N 2 E 40 67iS 37
Rocking.
Newtown
73IN 18
do.
Northfield
79 68 S 77
40^iN 16 E 55 54 S 33^\V
Northampton
do.
l47iN 6 VV 195 87l N
iJorthuraberland Coos
56;n 6^\V 66 58 S 58
Northwood
Rocking.
60 568 50
49|N 2
Nottingham
do.
35 83i S
Nottingham West HUlsboro' 30|n 34
105' 81
Grafton
Orange
94] N 24
do.
112 N 24 VV 126i 901n 34 VV
Orford
47|n 85 VV
Strafford
Ossipee
88; N 2 VV 104
do.
Ossijjee Gore
96;N 1 VV 1181 45, N 75 VV
Cheshire
Packersfield*
65, N 50 r,' 80 103jS 65 \V
Coos
Paulsburgh
145JN 1 VV 195' 75"^ 40
113 IN 15 VV 120 76:n 72 VV
Grafton
Peeling
82 S 41 VV
Rocking.
Pelham
26 iN 27 V/ 3.-.
56 IN 19
Pembroke
59i 68,S 62 VV
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
V
W
'
Ngw
Nelson.
29
Con. river
Con. river
120
120
125
54
96
58
On Mer.
150
130
110
riv.
Mass.
line
Vmm.
river
Winnipis.
8ij
r.
100
On Mer. riv.
50
100 548
60 585 Sal. river
HO
700
65 620
128 552
66 60 An Inland
lUl 590 On Pem. riv.60 585
155 610
7i 630 Pem. river
557 Pis. i-iver
6.;;
1S3 555 Mass. line
132 590
58 Exeter river
60
138 600
86 540 Mass. line
112 579 Mer. river
70 555 Sea
118 695 On Con. riv.
70 5§6
70 560
110 535 Mer. river
129 605
120 626 Con. river
50 604
4o 618
185 580
110 695|On Aram.
8«. o20 On Pem.riv.
96 5331 Mass. line
90 559jOn Mer. riv.
(
�Course an
�TABLE
III.
An
Alvhabetical Tabli! of the Tow^ss in each Countt of New-Hampshire
OF PoLLS, PUOPORTION OF TaXES IN 1775 AND 1812, NUMBER OF Horses over four years old, number of neat Cattle over two
TEARS OLD, NUMBER OF ACBES OF OrCHAUD ^AtSO, THE NUMBER OF ShIEP AS
VAK AS THEX have BEEN OBTAINED.
WITH TUB JTUMBKR
—
County of
Rockingham.
�Coimty of
�County of
Hillsborou(rh
--.9
Towns.
Dunstable
Fishei-sfield
Francestown
GofFstown
Greenfield
Hennilcer
Hillsboroueh
Hollis
Hopkmton
Hancock
Kearsar_^e Gore
Litchfield
Lyndeborough
Manchester
Mason
Merrimack
Mil ford
Mount- Vernon
New-Boston
New-Ipsvvich
New-London
Nottingham West
Peterborongh
Salisbury
Sharon
297
253
372
198
19
74,
185
107
170
182
182
162
257
241
123
190
288
310
61
Society Lantl
Sutton
Temple
Warner
Weare
Windsor
Wilmot
175
102
248
305
166
307
'
Wilton
28
218
139
307
'456
49
69
173
County of
Cheshire.
Acworth
Dempster
Marlborough
268
292
265
364
378
291
151
219
338
100
97
139
239
303
107
162
205
Marlow
105
Alstead
Charleston
Chesterfield
Claremont
Cornish
Croydon
Dublin
Fitzwilliam
Gilsum
Goshen
Hinsdale
Jaffrey
Keene
Langdon
�County of
�County of
�����*«u
�������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries
Digital File
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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1817 Gazetteer Of The State Of New Hampshire
Description
An account of the resource
The 1817 Gazetteer of the state of New Hampshire gives accounts of the counties and towns in New Hampshire from the period. It also describes principal features such as mountains, lakes, rivers, capes, bays, harbors, islands, and resorts or notable places. Notable business and persons are also described. Information on Farmington, NH is located on page 131.
This is a digital file and does not exist in the physical collection.
RKL-FHS
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
by Eliphalet Merrill
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
C. Norris &Co, Exeter, NH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1817
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1817
business
Farmington NH
information
people
places
records
Strafford County
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/2881506dbbd2f87ddbf683c14b330853.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=v-K5rFHaUjtc1aCKxcCzt%7EHGrGWizvho8q6IEwY77KgXIOUVUQEvjlA2yrKvIOiwapV8%7Ed57Vsxh8J8ov1n2FGI5X9N9LQ-ptC4NjJjuAMisOzlgun3Izc0s4%7ErV9CxS3O1NUoKybG-2tUaxw8DwLGORnSAg2Y7PPpRomyXEf2nxKhSYy1Cj7Bm12vCHSTZauoKkPYpPiZNb1DtYKL%7Emu3l3ZaxyD%7EnlzTBwo39pFHj0pKfVUgLWhEiL3PUhVkVBn07RYJZ44uh81KtLhD4dOShf2TWnIWyO-%7EUUMcpO1gMLgmdhP39kN%7EjWYLb%7E7pxWu98xrBKXhQ7sK1nNTzRWsw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
faf357f416f06ff044f562345d47950c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Documents, Papers, & Articles
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
1830 Farmington Village List
Description
An account of the resource
This is a Farmington Village list of building/businesses, This record was made by Honorable Geo. L Whitehouse Typed on paper by typewriter, This document was probably transcribed from an earlier document. Size 7.5"x 4.25"
FHS -Kyle Leach
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Original created by Honorable Geo. L Whitehouse. This typed copy creator unknown.
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Original created 1870. This typed copy-date of creation unknown.
buildings
business
document
people
record
Whitehouse
-
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acba0946f059c0556fe665c9f940d0cc
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d2fba6b17fa0b677bc759fe27831e18b
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Documents, Papers, & Articles
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1847 Farmington Shopkeeper Bulk Purchase List From Boston MA
Description
An account of the resource
A December 15th and 16th 1847, handwritten, ink document by a Farmington NH shopkeeper detailing a bulk purchase of goods. Many Boston, MA distributors are present in the list. It lists goods, sizes, quantities, and prices for items on the list, as well as payment status.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1847
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
1800's
business
document
food
-
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3dbb982b5d16478c2221d547b7b04c07
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documents, Papers, & Articles
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1869 Handwritten Martha Safford Letter & Envelope
Description
An account of the resource
1869 letter to Martha Safford of Farmington NH, sent from her sister Bella. The letter is written on plain paper, with black ink. The handwriting is a beautiful script, but grammar slips sometimes and there are several writing cross outs.. The letter opens with pleasantries and regret for having not written Martha sooner. In the document she discusses Martha going to school, boarding with her aunt, a sister Marie, and coming to visit Bella and her mother.
Condition: Good. Paper is in good condition, but the ink is beginning to noticeably fade.
Size: 4"x5"
FHS-Kyle Leach
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1869
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1869
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Bella Safford
artists
document
family
handwriting
Letter
life
Safford
spirituality
-
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PDF Text
Text
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1180070
SENEALOGY COLLECTION
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History and Description.
By Whom
BARRINGTON
Page
CHAS.
F.
Written.
BUZZELL
DOVER CITY
"
DURHAM
«
ALVAN, TOBEY * ANON..
FARMINQTON
"
ANON
LEE
»
A.
MADBURY
"
E. E.
MIDDLETON
"
A. G.
MILTON
«
.
NEW DURHAM
«
!
ROCHESTER
"
F.
ROLLINSFORD
"
SOMERSWOHTH
"
ANON
ANON
STRAFFORD
'
J. B.
ANON
1
COMINOS
DEMERITT
ORNE
ANON
CHAS. H. BOODY
"
SMITH
Towns
BOW LAKE
which Located.
Pago
NEW DURHAM
DOWNING'S MILLS
DOVER
in
«
STRAFFORD
VILLAGE..
"
MoDUFFEE
DOVER (CITY)
or.
DURHAM VILLAGE
DURHAM
EAST ROCHESTER.
ROCHESTER
FARMINGTON
16
FARMINGTON..
VILLAGE..,
«
"
GARRISON HILL
DOVER
(PART op
ROCHESTER
GONIO
GREAT FALLS
MILTON THREE
SOMERSWORTH..
MILTON
PONDS..
MILTON MILLS
ROCHESTER VILLAGE ...
ROCHESTER
SALMON FALLS
ROLLINSFORD
SAWYER'S FALLS
DOVER
STRAFFORD
STRAFFORD
CENTER......
COUNTY PLAN
....
Pago
TABLE OF DISTANCES
6
4
STATISTICS
16
DOVER CITY DIRECTORY
!5
FARMINGTON VILLAGE DIRECTORY
33
GREAT FALLS VILLAGE DIRECTORY
ROCHESTER VILLAGE DIRECTORY
57
HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION
(by Towns)
67
Pages 71, 72, 73, 74,
& 75
417
20
CITY, A taut
421
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TABLE OF DISTANCES,
Stion-ing the distance in
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ADVERTISING DIRECTORY.
Coal ahd Wood.
Cboalw,
Fcrlilifcers,
I-i rin-,
Agent
Fluster,
Mount
fur
II.
Hri[.ljii
Shoo Tucks and Nuil-.
:i:J
A
Pago, M. D...Arch Street.
Comenl
>pc Iron
Celebrated Plow-, imJ
Co.? Nails, Viirn-v"Mtirphy, Cha*. M....Denlal Surgeon.
Co
m Whitman A
,
Washington
'
Sni-ll... Ih-nlor.- in
Mowing Machines nnd
|
;
Architects amd Builders.
Edward... Main, near School Street.
Blnisdoll,
I
W.
Dnnl...Oilv Hull.
Hall, .1. G...Ccnlral Squnro.
Sawyer, Thomas K...1H Central Street.
Drue; si,,,,., Central
h, Th.-. .1 ...Over Tun
Went worth, Geo. T.. City Hall.
Hall,
Wlitle, J.
Law and
H... Attorney ut
—
T.
dent.
—
C—
M
I
J
,
Agent. Coclieco Block.
Wheeler, Hon. Snmiml M... Over Old
Central Squai
—
W.—
—
—
U
SAWING AND
LIVERY
,
,
'
MANUFACTURERS.
Cocboco
Manufacturing
*gent. Manufif"
Sum
i,
Claim nnd Patent
lot,
.cturors of
Sawjvr's Mills
Jacob. ..Dealer
in
Goods,
Fancy and Domestic Dry Goods
Bank
Piko,
Company—Z.
S.
IS"
W.
— F.
facturors of
Cocbcco Prinl_.
A. A .1. Snwver, Proprietors. Mam
Woolen G
Is.
Durham Road.
J.
B. Folsom,
Proprietor
Cloth Manufactory
Locust Sire
i
0omM
'
H.-^-Sawing and Planing Mill and Bos Faotory.
Wallingford,
Upper Factory Dam.
'
Print Works-
Ak'obol, Kerosene,
noovo silver.
Drt Goods and Fancy
Dover Bank Building,
.
,
.
Wm.
i
Slroets.
Washington Stroot
Life. Fire and Acci
WashiiiLrlon Street, Dover, N. n.
At thi
Agency are re[.re.. riled Fire [nsiiraneo Comnnnle
with AssoU amounting to Ten Million Dalian Hill, Levi G. 01 Washington Street.
Yeaton, Nudum ...Register of Deeds.
Iolidcs issued u[«>ii nil iniumi.i.. prO|iorty on favor Laihrop, M.
St. John's SlreaL
Win-in. I'ri:ili...r..,n,t v Commissioner.
nblo terms.
L-.-e- promi.tlv paid, Acont for N Payn
tHom * P* lhic -)
*»<»"1 Slioot, near
?mu .-I .. <_'!,., k of Court.
N
H. Fire Insurance Co.
°Che!;t
tT"
Tufts... County Treasurer.
Tufts, A. A
Pray, T. J.
Slrnll.ir.l Nutiumil Bank.
18 Central Street.
Central
Tufts, Chas. A.— Life, Fire nnd Marine Imuran. Ageu
Stackpolo, P. A.
0) Central Street.
DbUIJOISTB AND AFOTrllXARlEft.
e
Wh.-eler, Jnmei 11 —16 Pleasant Sireot.
Central Square.
Lotlirop A l'inkhnrn....neiilers in Drug* Medicines
York, Ja*per H. Offleo and Residence Pleasant Slrool.
Is A Kent for some of the oldest Fi
Paints W-nd-tl, l>. il.
Accident and Li i'o 1 ii-u rinu-, Companies In tho
**" Frnnlllil1 Str *' 1''' 'Tp'
PLANING,
merT-an 'h'
ted States. Comer Main nnd School Stroot,
TURNING.
Rnckley, B. F.... Dealer in Drug*, Medicines, Perfumeries,
Hoye», W. P.-M.nufacturer and Dealer in Door., Sash,
STABLE.
*C.
IV-enplioi,. nr. I.ilty „,„,
n ,|ed.
FrankBlind*, Stair Unifiers n.ol II
M „ild „ e , „ ,„l
lin Square, cor. Charles Street.
H. Smith— Locust Street, roar of City Hall.
r
k >ni>
"' on
-
A r'UNtvs at Law.
and Atkinson
man, Frank— Insurance Agent.
Proscott'a Insurant Ay.ney
County and Citt Officers.
Steven*, Wm. S ..Mayor Ciiy of
Dover.
Slovens, John It,, ,lr....Cily Clerk.
Thos. E. Sawyer.. .City Manhall.
^
due. ..Garrison Hill.
-lark,
Hayes, W. P... Union Street.
B...12 Control Street.
L'inney, T. J...Third Street.
Lyman,
INSURANCE AGENTS,
16 Central Street.
;
Stroot,
Foreign nnd Domestic Hardware,
all kinds
A i;ri- nUnriil
Tnl.l.- Cutlery, Carpem -rs
Implement H, Poetct
Tooli, &c.
62 Franklin Street.
Perkins, Jeremy... Dealer in Hardware, Iron, Agricultural
also, D.-aler in Corn, Flour
Tools, Seed*. A,-.
Grain. Cor. Silver nnd Pleasant Street?.
f.Hit
Mi.rnine;
PRINTERS— BOOK AND JOB.
~
Slur"
F.
L.R,
Work
W,
Bapl'
Burling
linnal
—
miod.
.10
fl
Waihlngto
Coclieco Block.
Haley, H... Dealer in Dry Goods of every description
ioco Notional Bank...Thos. K. Suwvor, Pres., E. Hurd,
2 Central Square.
Franklin, or. Third Street.
Tetherly's Block,
Cashier.
Sterns, Wm... Importer of and Wholeialo and Retail Bellamy Mills— Win. Hide, 1'r, .pin-tor.
Manufacture re of
;r National IIank...Sniuuol M
Wheeler, Pres., Calvin
A.— "Di
Hu.in, .
dealer in Silks, Shu wis, Iri-h P..j.|iiiP, Dres» Goods,
Flour. Feed ,.n,l Shorts; al-.., Dealer in nil kind.
^irds^E^volonos, Bill Heads, Shop Bills, Posters,
Hale, Cashier.
10 Central Street,
Clonks, Dome-tie anil Housekeeping Goods, Wlii to
[ford National Bank... Win. S Slovens, Pres., A. A.
<
H""p Skin-, C.t-i.i.,
Telli.Tle'
A.
of Oak-Tanned Leather Libboy ACo.— "Dover Inquirer" Office.
Tutls. Cashier.
Books, Card-,
" illors.
Block, op,,. City Hull, Central Square.
Blimk- niel llan.lhill
.1- . ri|
„,, m, d
Bakers.
n,
Tush, A. S. A C.-Dealer- in a j^n ut vnri. y of Dry (i
Dover Gas Light Company Z.
Wallingford, Agent.
at short notice.
Over Strafford Bank Building, Opp,
an, G. T...Manufuoliircr and Deulnr in Broad, Cakes,
Franklin Square.
Office ft Central Street.
mill Cracker?.
4H and GO Frunklin Street,
Nculley, B. Fran£__Dealer in Drv Good*, Funey Good: Bradford, John M.
Sawyer
M,il
Residence Linden
RESIDENTS,
c, Joseph M... Residence Frunklin, cor. Sixth Street.
Dress urn! Clunk Tri
Street,
,in u-.. Huo|i-ki rts, Cur-el'
Biekford, John E. 88 Central Street.
Hosiery, Gloves, Yankee Notions, Ac
.tier, JohnE.ir 0. M. Co.
26 Condi
Residence 28 Alkii Brown, Emerson L.— No. fi Atkinson Street.
.
<
K
.
,
il
t
—
Central Square.
Billiard Sa looks.
Perking Chas. E.
ljuimby, A. S.
Sayles
J... .Oyster
an, J.
EXPRESS COMPANIES.
&
True... Billiard Hull,
Street.
J. K...Third Stroot.
Henderson's Block, Main
Lawrence,
Nilea
TwomMy,
Duvid....Wolfboro'
and
BoeheHi-r
Exproiw
&
Office B.
M. R. K. Depot.
Co.'s Boston Eipn-ss... Offices
&
:
Toll's
Drug Store
Residence Harris"
il
Sir.
News Aobnt.
Was
ialo.
or.
of
Main
E. J...Sehonl and Miscellaneous Books, Stationery,
Wiggin, Chas
Fancy Article, Kunni Papers, Ac, furnished on tht
and Chi
best of terms.
18 Central Street.
ican Hall Building.
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
Brewster,
V...Dea
0 Central Street,
Mi
V'.
— Denier
in
Groceries,
Provisions
Hull,
I
t
Mm. S.
Leighton, John— 18 Atkinson
""
,
Mill.,
Residenc
Kcsidenco Linden
Mills.
H.— Manufacturer
S.
stones.
Soopituiie
Grrtv
D. F.
-70 Franklin Street.
"
H.— 0
Flcosant Street.
SALOONS AND RESTRA H HANTS.
various branchi
in all its
A largo assortment of American and Foreign Marbles constantly on hand.
Foot of Main Street.
U. Twomhly, Agent. Is prepared to furnish Moi
menu, Gravestone-, Tablet*, Scroll-, and all kinds of
hop on Central Street.
and
-*
Stroot.
Kpbrinm— 7m Central Street.
Benjamin— 111 Fourth Street.
Amasa-il Silver Street.
Not..,
A.
Monument* and
of
Work
Street.
Hill,
lentil,
Pray,
William—Sawyer'i
MARBLE YARDS.
'0,
.:
John— Chnpol
,
Samuel IV- -Corner S,,, inner nnd
,t S,re,,u
Mr- M — B. nr.liin; 11.,!,...
7-i H'ruukliii M r .,
Lobbius—Mupt. Sired.. St. Charles Streut.
Fi .her,
iiiii.
Linden Street
ipson,
and Distribute
Bookseller, Stationer and
vstor,
Printery.
Street.
irney
:>,
8.— Designer,
Sawyer, C. II.— Superintendent Suivver's
Bill Postbb.
Hurley, J. ..City Bill Poster
—
EATING SALOONS,
nn, E.
.
1
son Street.
Emioott, John—
r Engraving Room Printery.
Reand Entitle; Saloon.
Central Street.
Corner of
Third and Frunklin Streets.
Garland. T. B.— Clerk Print Work;..
Residence lit Second
an, H. D....Oyster House mi,] Eating Saloon. Ex
Street.
Chun-" lih'ck. upp. City Hall.
io, William— Printory.
Residence 80 Central Strec
*n, Emerson L... Franklin Squnro.
(Hidden, A. F...Ccnlrul Street, near City Hall.
reo Brother...... Ladies' ami Uontlcmon s Huirilressin^
Saloon.
en
—
i
isiiph— Proprietor Restaurant.
Micbuol— Proprietor Restaur*
.
WaldronStrool.
SEWING MACHINES.
AND
STONE
W. I. Good-, Ac. lio Ceiiiml Street.
Wilson, D. F.~Portland Street.
(.'Iiiniilierhiii A
e]
Dealers in (iroeeries, W. I, Goodi
Boots,
os. Rubbers,
Haiti, Frank.
Pork, Lard, Ham;, Ac.
IH Franklin Street.
Finding, Ac. 2 Central SI
MARKETS.
I. Goods and
Grocer
avey A Hi, k"r— Dealer in BouN, Sh.-c; Gaiters Rubbers Danforth A Conner— Denier* in
mm ,V Tic, nt.ly -Denier., ii, S,,.,r|.
ios; also. Flour, Meal, Grain, Meat:', Vegetables.
urnham, J.
Dealer in Beef, Pork, Mutton and
Ac. A select stock ..l" Custom mid Sale Work
Lines, Game Hu«., Ita-kels, and
&C. Wnshiuoluii Street, <>p|i. City Hull. Cash paid
suintly on band,
every description. Gun* to lot.
for Country Produce
ieh, S. A H
Dealers in Fish, Meat, PoiiUrv and Vegenvey A Iticker— Dealer in Fine Boots, Shoes and RubHenderson, C. T '— De
r in Groceries, Provis
STOVES, FUHNA
tables, fresh every day.
Itcur City Hall.
'ir
SHEET IlttiN WAItK.
and Traveling Bags.
Two
Flour, Feed nnd Country Produce, at
__ J of all fa
House, Fran
Fuller, 8. U. & Co.—
|er. in St..ye« and FuniBCea. Lead
market prices. Main Street, or. Chanel,
suyc? and Vegetables.
Main Sire
.
!
ivcrlv, Alrred...Dealer in
|
:
:
—
MEAT
W
M—
,
—
i
.
re pr -sen ted.
iMiinufnei
Dealers u
Hovey
Dnvia,
'"'diviii,
<
I'ltilt-,
.1.
John
&
K.
Wm.
'
of and
Whol-fii
Co.. .On hard, near Central Street
A
II
1,...
i'o...Pi,.y
-
Iii.il, lin..-.
Co. ...Third Street, opp. Depot.
Main,
Purtliiml Street.
AND
I
v"
Ta-h, Geo.
New York
r
t
i
•
i
—
!'..
i
.
1 1
i
Fourth Street.
A
W. .. Franklin Squi
tworlh, Geo. B....Frankli
i
i
C—
Hughes, John
Dealer in Groceries, W. I. Gi
MERCHANT TAILORS.
Lard, Hams, Ssit, Ac. Few doors south City Hull
iwnre, Pump* ami
el Lothrop A Co.,. Proprietor*
Dealers
Central Squnro
liinr Qoodjj
Job
Rt-v's Clot hint;.
I'arlieular
pi, id toCn-loii
Locke, W. H.— Dealer in W. I. Goods nnd On
Work in Tin, Urn-, C
Work. Morrill - Block, Frunklin Square.
Washington Street, Central Square.
order.
Franklin Squa
Lothrop, Daniel A Co.
Wholesale and Itoiuil Dealer ii
Lowell. Geo. fi.— Denier in W. I Goods nnd Gr(
cuts' and Hoy-'
ndv- Mud.: Clotl.i ru; ut the l.oy
VARIETY STORE.
Flour, Meal, Grain, Pork. Lard nnd Country Proi cash prices.
Central Street.
Horton, Chas, H. — Dealer in Nut", Fruih, C.o,i'..eil,,n<Ti
duce. Franklin Square.
Whol.-snlc nnd UeUil Dealers ir
,1.. Frank A Co.
also, Seh.-d Book., lih.nk ll-.k., I-o.-U-t Book.,
Larklcv, John I,.— t'onmii^ion Merchant, Wh.ilesnlo and
superior.piality of Heady- Made Clothing. Oornoi
Knivon, Ink, Kuvoluj„... 4 P
ltetnil dealer in Flour, Meal, (
The largest auortnd Street*.
meat of Toy* and Yank.-.- Notion, lo ho found in
Feed, Teas, Tobacco, nnd Groi
Varnev, Joshua:hont Tailor; also 1
Dover, is at Uorlon's Variety Store.
Street.
—
.
Coffee
>r
Sawyer's Goods.
O
WINES AND LIQUORS.
ink Seavey & Co.— Denier in Men's Ynulh'_, .... McDonald, James— Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Wine*,
Boys' Cloliiing, Cent', Furnishinx Oooda and RubLiquor* and Ales. Near Central Square.
her Clothing
Morrill's Block, Franklin Sqt
MISCELLANEOUS.
D. Lothrop A Co.eir One-Price
Car Icy, J a me*.
nls.i the New Sewini; Machine niid
Clothing Houi
Colhntb, Ii. W,— Postmnsler.
Portland Turnpike.
HARNESS MAKER.
Rooms. No. 6 Morrill's
Block
.' .":„.,
Itenj. -D.nl.r ,,, Loiol.-r, Sa.h, Door,, Blimh,
Fra
Henry Manufacturer of nnd Dealer in Harnesses,
4c, Ac. Third Street.
Whips and Blankets; also. Dealt
Cranmn., M.. I. —Tailor Morrill
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
HI.,, k, Frnnkl in S jnare
MUSIC.
Central i
t door to City
and Rubbers.
Doro, O.— Machinist. Factory Yard.
r A Goodwin Denier.' in and Muiinfacl.ir. r. -i
Flanders, E. H.
ture Frames and Stencil Plates;
also, Dealers in
Musical Instruments and Music.
Locust Stroot, Haughey, Barnard— Printery. Residence Payne SlreaL
Hull, John II— Blacksmith. Corner Franklin nnd Now
rear of City Hall.
'Block, Washington Street,
York Streets.
Connor A Good win V— Tern pie of Music. Rear of Bolnap
nton & nam— Who]. -ale and IMnil Dealers in Hots,
Jackson, J. L.— Manufacturer. Franklin cor, York.
St. Aloysius (Cathedral) Church
Church. Locust Street.
Caps and Furs. II Central Street.
Littlellel.l, Alhert
Music Teacher. Office frunklin
4
PHOTOGRAPH ARTISTS.
Purinton. Jac. K.— Dealer in Hats, Caps and Fur*.
Hall.
Briyham, K. T
1'liotngrapb. and Ambrotypo Artist.
Street.
Central
28 Maboncy, John Resident.
Brick
Maker
rSlre
Groc
Walker, Edward— Dealer in W.
G. W. ASon....Gulf Road,
ham, Anron....Dovor Point.
io,
Gonoi
ford Compai
Central Squi
also,
8
I.
Goods and
Ten, Coffee. Totucco, Flour. Grain, Feed, Ac.
Main
Street.
i
—
AND
—
Drum
....Priest,
Corner Chest;
tU, Rov. Eli
(
s 'ewart, I.
D„.Pastor Washington Street F.
Church. Residence Chapel Street
U—
—
W.
Baptist
—
—
HOTELS.
John A. Smith, Proprietor. Third Street. Copeland O. H., lakes Large Size Views of Store*, ManufacFranklin House
turinc K-Uihli-hm.Tit..,
,
Opposite tin
Ac.
L. I'. Kiiohall, Proprietor.
n
turn., nnd Tappan.pieplo
Kimleill Hon-.
Clocks, Watches and Jewelry.
P. O. address, Nowmarkel, N. B. Order* from any
Depot, Third Stroot.
Borne, J as. A. ..Dealer in Welches, Clocks, Jewelry, Sil- New Ha
part of Now En K hm.i will receive prompt attention,
Cen
o House—Ansol Tucker, Proprietor.
and first class work guaranteed.
r and Plated Ware, Ac.
tral Street
26 Central Stroot.
—
1
1
-,\
1
1
i
n— Coffin
Warohoujo.
Locust Stre
���I
�����1
.
Farmington Village Directory.
ATTORNEY.
N.—Office, Maine Street
BOOTS AND SHOES.
Baitrnan, U.
Pari of
L.— Dealer Sn Unas', Womons', Misses', and
Child r ens' Boots, Shoos and Rubber*. Repair! tie doni
6
at Short notice.
Ocntr»l Street.
Pinkham, L.
Dover City
DENTIST.
Bdgcrly, D. "W-— "Dental Surgeon"— is now inserting
ArtiQoial Tt. -iJi, I'rmn
single Tootli l.i an ^Tilire,,.t
on Vuicacilo or Rubber Base, Gold and Silvur; nlso
Ailing Teeth with puro Gold, rendering tlmm luraii
and useful. Main
A. M and 1 to 6 P. M
ble
DRUG
Street.
Cfjarrison Hill)
./„.
Offl.e hours, 6 to 12
STORE.
C—
Dealer in Drugs, Fanoy Goods and
Nowoll, Arthur
Patent Medicines. Alain Street.
DRY GOODS, GROOERIE8, Ac.
Hiram— Dealer in Dry Goodsand Groceries. Main
Barker,
Street.
Dealer in Dry Goods and Groceries.
Alain
Strce
No. 2
-li
corner of lii L mid Mnpie Street!.
J. E. Fornald— Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries, Hardware,
Paints, Oil", Glaa», Shoe Findings, Books and Sta-
Farming
tionery,
Tool«, Se--dn,
Ac
;
Agent
also
for
Howo, Lcaviit i.nd Kluren.-o S wing Machine*. Job
Printing nf all kinds neallv and romptly executed,
alroas .n"b1.- rut. - Corner Mam and (Vnltal Streets.
Dealer In W. I Oo.«l», Groceries, Flour.
Fornald, L
Grain, Meal, Newspapers, Fruit, Confectionery, and
Shoe Findings. Mam Street
Horring, G. M.— Denier In Dry Goods. Groceries. Ready
Made Clotbiue., Sh«.- finding*. Ac Main Street.
Johnson A Clay- Dental in Dry Goods, Groceries, Country
Produce, Fluor, Com, Meal, Sut-ar, Tea, Coffee,
|
t
C—
Ac. Main Stroet.
-Dealer in <irm:erie«, C'r.pck-rv and Glat*Findinga, nlsu Fluur, Meaf, ConfectionOpposite It R. Depot
i, Crockery
K K, fl'earl Ur..f-1- Dealer in Groe
Shoe Findings, Ac. No.
and Otas*
i.
.
i
Junta,, O.
E--
ery, Ac.
'earl,
i,
W.— Dealer in
Wiugato, C.
Main
Cigars, Ac.
Dry Goods,
I
Street.
FRUIT STORE, MARKET,
Ac.
G F.— Dealer in, and "cash "paid for, nil kinds
of Country Produce. Fruiu and Vegetables of all
Russell,
haod
n
in tbeir
No.
si
Main
31)
Streo
Faroiioglon.
This largo and
commodious house has recently been built by tbo
enterprising Proprietor, and Sited on in flrst class
(A Livstyle for the accommodation nf il.. imhlic
ery Stable attached.) Central Stteet. near Main.
Barnard "noose—S. Varney, Proprietor. Main Street.
LUMBER DEALER
Waldron,
W — D-aler
J.
in all
kinds of Lumber.
MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS.
U A Co
—
Manufacturers of " Peruvian Bitpurely u Voc.-Ubl.. C 'in ni'Un J Ihnlhas no
equal ni a Tonic and Blood l'uriuor; also of Curtis'!
Croup Syrup, a safe and certain wtmcdy for any
ordinary euse of Croup, and also a pleasant and efflColo". At-lhina, and »U
cu r.i rim.-dy for t
affections of the Lungs.
Curtis Chen.
ten,."
h
'
,
.
MERCHANT TAILOR.
M.— Wholesale
Staples, G.
nod Retail Dealer
in Clolbs,
Goods, and Cus-
Trimming*, Gcnt.'s Kurnisliing
tom Clothing. 2t> Main Streot.
MILLINERY STORE.
Oloak Maker, and
ItiM-n-.. L>'-. K.nor..fd.-r.
Dealer in H mi. .-Li. llui
'J8 Main
rlcs, Glovm, Worsted and Fancy Good-i
Street, Farmington, N. H.
H.— Milliner,
Bozsoll, S.
Dross, and
.
PHYSICIANS.
Newell. Arthur
C— Physician and Surgeon.
Main
Street,
Farmington
SHOE MANUFACTURERS.
Berry,
J.
M. — Wholesale
Dealer and Manufacturer of
Central Street
Wholesale Dealer and Manufacturer of
Shoes.
Cloutman, J. F
Curtis,
—
Main
Shoe*.
Conner,
Street.
Shoes. Main Street
Manufacturer
Gurlis, L.
Tops, Sol.
W-—
and "Wholesale Dealer
Wholesale Dealer
I
Horring, G. M.
— Wholesale
Dealer and Manufacturer of
Main Street
Shoes.
Jonas,
of,
— Manufacturer
B.
Hayes,
Spring Slrw>l.
Manufacturer ot
Chos— Manufacturer of ShoeE. 0.— Wrmlesftle Dealer and
W.— Wholesale
_
Dealer
,
Edw. F-— Manufacturer and Wholesale
Main Streot
Shoes.
Kimball, D.
.....
,
in
.
Dealer and Manufacturer or
_
Shoes. Central Street
.
,
,
Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in
Roberts, J. A.
Shoes. Central Street.
.
—
WATCH MAKER AND JEWELER.
F.-Dealer in Watches, Clock. Jowolry^ilYcr
Ac. »P«£
and Silvcr-plntcd Ware, Fancy Goods,
Barker's Block, Main
ing done at short notico.
Safford, J-
MISCELLANEOUS.
WhUebouse, G. L.— Civil Engineer.
Eaton, Philander— Wholesale Shoo Cutter.
Pearl,
Levi— Dealer
Talpoy. Chas.
Til.
L.
LSI \i'i„u Il i0i c.
in Real Estate.
W.—Toi
-Resident.
..till-.
SlTwomhly,
E
— Kesident.
!"
Pleasant Street
B.— Wholesale Sh
SOUTH HAST FAUT OK
Far mync ton A n Mv\,
,
a
���������������������1
���East Rochester Village Directory,
—
Bennett. Jones & Faunee Proprfel
Pr
Manufacturers of Cotton
street, K
W.
Folaom,
!;.),.
P.
-I.- r
— Dealer in Watches and Clocks
(uumwuu,
Harrington,
^
jiain street.
U-ent of Coeheeo Wo„), n M lis Oompan
v
.oiiinrof Oo<Aeoo»ndMaiiiBtroet.
-
I,
^Kcsid'
i
iiL",
—
^
Frank— .Main
,
Woet
Goods,
Sborcy
Cochnoo »,„„ ul
Street.
Dealer in Boob, Sbo
India Goods, Grocoriea, Tobacco
Dry
a
Stephen-Ita.
Real Estate.
Ch-deo lluildint;
TibbctLi John W.-M.,in street.
Livery, UoaVd
Jobbing Stable
Horses and Currin
ir.
;
and
Dfi
Lot
,.,i
Wmlk8
F« rrin ^'>»-M»m street. Dealer, in Dry
A ** Groceries, Unto, Caps, Boots and
Goods,
She*.. A
Choice Variety -I Siysr- T.ss, (Voile,..-,. S,.i.
T.«
bacco and I'lfi.r-- eonsranlty on band.
|Varnoy^bon-Doalerin liootsandsl s Con.tanttvon
hand a Choue Vanoty of Laili.-,-. Mi-.^v,;,„^I
|
.
and Children-'
Shoes,
is
II,,.,
Main
ofallsiKcs.
|
KubVr
.
Slippy,
'
E. Rochester.
street.
'
Rochester Business Directory.
ATTORNEYS.
— Office, Central Square. Btoclt.
No. 2 MeDufloe's
— Office, Market street, near
Sanborn, O. K.
Tobbott*.
Kooh— Office,
Worcester, Jos. H.
Hotel.
Dodge
BANKS.
Plains Savings Bank— Main street. John
Duffee, PreaL, Franklin McDuffoe, Treasurer.
Norway
I
Mc
BARBER,
Braun, Louis—Fasbionablo Hair Dresser. Particular attention paid to Cutting Ladies' and Children's Hair.
Main street, next door to Bank, up stairs.
BLACKSMITH.
Howo
B-—Job
J.
Hanson
Blocksmithing,
Horn
Shoeing, Ac.
street.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
Evans Jeremiah D-— Doalor in Ladies',
Misses', Gents'
and Children's Boots SIi.j.m and Rubbers, all kinds
of Shoe Findings and Shoo Tool.-. Cental S.i.mrr.
.n children
John II — D- hI'T in L:id,
Boots Shoes and RuM-r-, all km.!;, "i Shoe bindings
and Shoe Tools; also Trunin, \ .!> and Traveling
l
Jones,
,t
.
Block, Central Square.
Wonlworth
Bags.
CARPENTERS AND BUILDERS.
W.— Rosidc-nco,
Bradley, C.
Demerit!, C.
P.irtlaud street.
M .-It-sid-n.-e. Wain ul
—
si
reel.
Henderson, W. A. Residence, Elm street
"Wontworlh, Thos. D. Residence, Elm atroeL
—
DENTIST.,
FarringUm,
H.— Office,
J.
II.
DRUG
MISCELLANEOUS,
R. avenue, near Malnstroot.
n— Flour
STORE.
Mill.
Rcsidi
Hanson, Dominions— " Sign of tho Mortar," Central Square.
Has constantH for sale a g.-nrral i--ort.no nu.fSttio-.il
and OlassicnMiooks; also a prime assortment of
M-dieines, I'ainlv
II. nt.'-
nil- mi.
I
Swosoy. Cbos.
,
DRY
Foinemnn.
8.
H.
Dealers
in
GOODS.
& Bro.— Nos. I
Dry and Fancy Go..^.
el.,ths,
Ch.lhing
Particular attention
given to the ninnu fat tore of 'nstom Clothin
.nteed. Agents for Singer's improved
and Gent's' Furnishine; Hood-.
<
ing Mochino.
K. Central Square. Denier in Dry and Fancy
Goods, Hats, Caps. B00U, Shoes, &e., 4*.
—
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
Ebon S.— Hanson
Dyar,
Jealer in
for cash.
street,
near
Residence, Rivor
Central
—
—
—
Howard,
O.— Slono
J.
Johnson'. D.
Wentworth.S. I>.— Oppn-ii, Wallace \ Shoe Factory, Main
Dealer in all kinds of Family Groceries,
atroot.
C
—
Leail'ier
HARDWARE AND FUBNITURK.
& Bickford— Market street. Dealersin Hardwaro, Cutlery, Paper Hanitiui; and I'ainis, Oils, VarJapan, Window Ola 1 Fl, rn it„ re. Carpeii dh
Wonlworth
Qrocories, Provisions,
Mathos, B.
J.— Farmer.
Corner Main and
Wakefield
Rivr
A.— R'fidenL
Uroot Falls and Conway Railroad
Wholesale D
E.— Main str
ind Don
Wallace, E. G. &. K, Main ftroet. Wholesale Manufacturer and Dealer in Shoes, Boots, Leather,
—
Kelly, H. M.
ll-ab
It. — Foreman of Sewed Work at Wallace'e
Central square.
Edwin A — liarn-.-- Store
& Co.— Market
Manufacturers and
Gloss, Britannia, Woollen
All kinds of Repairing j.ro'mplly
r
o,
etc.
street.
,
tondcJ
WATCH MAKER
F.— No.
I
i MeDulToo'
'
.nborn, Miss M. A.— Market street. Milliner and Dealer
in Bonnets, Hats, Ribbons, Laces, Embroidarlei,
Goods.
LUMBER DEALER.
Dealer in all kinds of
Oak, Pine and Cl,c,uuil Lumber. Ship Timber and
Plank, Pine and Oak furnished to order; also Oak
Piles and Pla
street.
L.— Near
Depot
STOVES AND TIN WARE.
Scruton, S.
Snnili,
Merchant
in Custom and Ready Made Clothing and Cent's'
Furnishing Gooda,
Lothrop diSeave, -Muin street, next door lo Hunk. Manufaclurors and Dealer:' m Custom and lo-ady Made
Olothlng and Genl'a' Furnishing Goods.
te,W.
MILLINERY AND FANCY GOODS,
Wonted and Fancy
READY MADE CLOTHING.
& Mender— Main aireet, opj-isito Bank.
Ac
street.
&c
House— Main street. Silas H. Wentworth, ProTho above House has been fitted up in first
prietor.
class style— fs located very pleasantly In an elm
grove, ono block from the Railroad Depot. Travelers and the public generally will find it to their
advantage to give tbi> enterprising proprietor a calL
A Lively Stable attached.
Reuben—Summer
Main
Tailor ami Dealer* in Heady Made Clothing and
Gent's' Furnishing Goods.
Pino, James— Central S-pu.re.
M nnofio turor and Doalor
tlrcct.
S.-Solo Leather Culler. Elm streeL
Parmer. Portland street.
Ruber U, Geo. II.— Post inns ti«r. Coeheeo square.
Clocks, Jot
k., Jaw..lr J Sil vi-r-wnre 110I Sj->, tat b->. Wut
ks and Juwolry repaired and warranted.
PHOTOGRAPHER.
ansion
Gloves,
Block,
SHOE MANUFACTURERS.
Knight
HOTEL.
|TI)U)n,
Davis
atrcot.
Cutter at Wallace's Shoe
,
Woodenware,
McDufiWs
Small, Edwin
SI.-CrilK,
Pnr.-oas. John
i'aye, Mos-s—
Sugars, Teas, Spices, &c.
River
Cutler.
U|i|».>r
Min 0.—RemidonL
Enfght,
Goods.
No. 8
Folsom, C. W.— Central Squnro, corner of nnnson llrotl
Editor and Proprietor of ito- hestor Courier.
Duntlav, J.
Square.
Family Groceries, which will be sold cheap
Country Produce taken in exchange for
nishes,
C—
—
Agent Protective Union, Division 180.
Wakefield street.
Dreaser at Wallace's Charles atrcot
Gear, A. S. H
Wakefield •IrcOL
lirconlleld, Choi.— Farmer.
Farmer. Wakefield street.
Greenfield, Gnu.
Hanson, Lewis— Cabinet and Repair Sl.-.p. Central squareWakefield street.
Hart, S N._]{- = id. at.
Mu-ie Store. Main ftlreel.
John C
Home,
Hornoy, C. G. Upper Leather Cutter at Wallace's FacFernald^W^m.
and 2 DnfToo's Block.
8.—Office,
PRINTER.
DyeStiiH: Kr.neli,
English and American Chemical* and 1'orfurocry
also all 111- jiopuiar Patent Medicines of tho day.
All orders promptly altented to.
,
J.— Opposite lAnlsie'e Hotel, Central square.
mad" from dd Amiir-'l vr» s, Dagnern-i , rt^.,
LifeSif I'i.tnr, made and lloi-hed
India Ink, Water Colors, or OIL Constantly for
Whilteniore, A.
Picture-
Tin
-
i
Type.". Ac.
in
largo
sale all siios -i Cbe,- for frumim; purpose.
BSSortmeiil ..f CI. rum.*., Colored I'linto- raphs, rSu rrocopea and SU'reoscopio Viowt. Cart! Boards, Mats,
Binding Paper, Picture Knobs and Nails.
A
N-wrnarkat, N. H.
n --iven to
Views of Fnclo .es,
SeiTiBl alt.,
Publ'C Buil linv.i, l^-sldene. t, Ae.. Ac. Oideiarom
any part of New England will receive prompt auen-
O. H. Copeland—View Photographer.
U™e
����������Great Falls Business Directory.
ATTOBNEY.
W. J
&
Copeland
Jordan, J. O.
Wells
Katkv.1
First Store ..-itb of Town Hail. Main S
„
Fovo, Frederick.. Manufacturer and Dealer Id Hot
Shew*. Repaying noalljdone.
High Strwit.
S.
over IVttoOio
office
X Vv^
P>
at - fi "''
I™
:
Insurance).
A
Young,
Eastman ...O F. Hotel Building
Jaa. G...ovcr P,* (office (im
Somorsworih National Bank...01ivor H. Lord,
Pre*
Rollins, ('a-bier
Tihbetta, D. B„. It,. ln-JiiT Street, Berwick sldo.
lllcker, 8lopbrn...cor, Green BtrMl and Indigo Hill Kowd.
i
8, 8.
(Vnlrnt HiiiWi'ii;
Cioah HakUfacturi.
Goodman,
.Manufacturer..' Clear Havana (.Mean, and
Wholesale Deah-r in Foreign and IK.meailc Cigar*
J. J
.
HooTa AND Sum,-,
*Cc..
.
Dn«l,.r» in U.a.ts, Sbo*,, H.to,
Caps,
""'* ''"»»ral HuiM<n
W
t
K
Fur. and
.
.«h..i,«i
>j
iK-uWi,, Bnoto
and Rubber*. Blue Store, Market Square
sbw
u ..kut
ihlngGootU,
Square, ..pi-oiio Cong, (.bun
b.
DlHTIST.
Gunman,
Wakefleld
Sign
Ilulldinje,
tuidoGaa
btHrgim
-\3
mi Uoehuilwl
Dr. JuUui... Surge.
Golden
>(
iKintin,
Toot...
R(1minlltei'«d doily
taMiihmant
'hyslclaiis' Pro-
my
los,
Lothrop,
hour or .ha
Cor. Main anil Fore Slr.v,.
Co...Wholc.nlo and Bnlall Druggist*, and
Provisions, Ac.
I).
A
All
ItiHiksolion.
tho Unit
modlolnM
i|'inliiv.
told how nrrtotod of
will receive prompt
i-'li'™
'ill
I
Moore, Geo
Drugs, Mcdieinei, Clicmifalii, ) tools and
Herbs, Kitraou, Patent Medicine", Fancy Ooodr
Ac. 20 Market Street.
'lulu,
''!(.
III.
K
,
Aim ManufaoIs
f..r
O. F. M,
u
j"!"w..
lery and
li S.re,t.
Wimpfocmi.ir,
It.
N.il
A
N.,
Residence,
Rev. Fatric
Church.
Porkins. A. A...Supt.
mgn
C.
y
t
('inlr.,1
H,,iM,., u
Dutd
«.
,
No.
I
10
BIndie* 1o on zjftU
Hill Road.
.Now
Hjjtdtadtubbu.
Dover
I
ton
Mani.l
Great Fulls Manufacturing Co.. .George Win. Burloigh
Agent, W. P. Moses, Paymaster, UIn It Mor-e, Mechanical Agent.
Manufacturers of Sheeting, Sbirtfug, Drilling Cloth, Drills, Cotton Flannels and Bags,
and Residence, Etm Bonn, G \\ '...Sitpt. Mills.
Chapman, H. S... Overseer Spinning Room, Mill
Office
F
Co. 'a Great Fall* and
I
Wholesale and
U
lU (Vi.tral
initorter:,.
I
.
i.n.1
Residence,
R. B.
Btrai
J...(Hoiiiojopalhic).
Co.,.
Dry
i>
P. G. F. and
Prospect Street.
Wbitebouao, S. D... Brick Mantif.
Con ant,
A
Main St root.
S OMER SWORTH
Mounl Vernon
Saint Michaels Catholic
in,
>
i.U-rv in
I),
Building,
BagloT
i
Br..,
High
Bro»...Wh.il..Hi.l.. i„„l
Furiuicw and
variety.
Tebbeli
1.
1
|{„ lB i| Dea' ra in Stoves
rd*«r.M.flh 0 b,^l kind* and i„g.«J
Market
!fl.
llrut'or..
,t
ll,.rd,^,r,.,
Wood Work.
r
C. F... Office, Prospect S.reel, near G. F. Bank. Era.iv, Wi... S Ov.t
Jnmes'on, The*. G -Ororsoer Yard,
Residence, eorn.T Proipect and Deacon.
r
Mom*, Kirk W...Supt Bleaching.
Hanson, J. C... Office, nenr G F. Hotel. Residence,
Randall. E. J. ..Clerk in Counting Room.
Noble and High Strcuta.
Roberta, Silas I. ..Overseer.
Riplej-, W. K.. Office and K.'si.i.nco, corner Ore)
II- l
In...
Street.
Il;.aler»
:i.,.|
'
and
For. i.-i,
in
Mdl
..Prop'raOri.t
Dnmwtln
;
al-, Dealer
C Rrr ,,..„ M
l.-,.|
:
and To„l,. Cnrj.-ni.T
Elliott,
an
T....la
n
I
„i
v, ltn .
'
lillt,
Tin, Woodon, QUm
.tforCbil..,n«N„ w C uoktoves,
I
Fayette Streets.
No.27Marketftroot.
oa.
Plahiko Mclls.
Home A
Levi... Manufacturers of Doors, Windowa, 'Window Frames, Bush and Blinds, Siair 'Work, Bra..'k-
Someraworlh imchine
MoulJiugs, Su wiiix :md '1'urnio^. Hi. wiel; -,.le.
Mill.... Maniif.o lures if Duos, Snsb-i,
Blinda. Bojn.Win.i.MV,, h'mmes, Moulding, BraokHuboard, Can- Groat
Scroll Sawing nod Turning.
ney
Co., Propriolors.
etta,
Co.... Manufacturers
i
Union Ploning
Ctt«.
Pbihtihu.
Falls Journal. an Independent Family Newspaper of lwenly-f..nr i-.'hi'ijns. bi.-.ued eve' y S:.iurday morning Dy Kdwaid Ferna'd a'so Book and
Job Printing neatly and expeditiously done. Opposite G- F. Hotel.
.
;
Residbntb.
Bedall,
Davis,
Grant, Samuel... corner Main and Indigo Hill Road.
Hwnet. J„b:, S...Ni.hie Street.
Ptarl, IoOabod...Klm Street.
Mills.
Horn, Hiram. ..Proprietor Saw Mill, Berwiok.
Fancy Cossimeres, Rope
Davit, H. B... Manufacturer o
Spools for Cotton, W<x
,,„i
and
,
Hri.il,-,,
i„„l
l!„li,
,„|i„ u.
r
s, lr
I,"
done with ,„„.-
Opiw
t
Block,
High
ri„i
Great Falla Hotel...O. A. Frost. Proprietor. Directly o->po'
sito tho Boston and Maine R. B, Depot.
Wm.
K
!
'
,
Pumps, Mowing and Sewing Mael.it.es, Pugging
Corner Market and
Machine, Key Fitting, Ac.
Linden Streots.
Ms, MILE V 'III.
Bmery, J., A Co...Mauracmreif of every kind of MonuTablets,
Head
Stones, Ac.
Market Street
—
ictyof
line
Gold and
of Auierieaii, Bn'gU'n »" d 8wiai
*ks, Solid Silver and Plated Toblo
Jewelry, Table and I'^kel Cutlery, Specta-
Libby... Dealer* in Beef, Pork, Mutton, Veal,
Vegetables.
Corner Washington and
Lamb and
in
Main Sn
Sa.LlI'
1
.
Meat Markets.
J Building,
,
R,.,,a,r,n,-
dispatch.
tch.
I maun a !«.'«— Fire and Life.
Ma'.'bini-t and Maiiofa, turer of all kinds Knapp,
higlev, Kb. ti N"
D... Agent for Phtsnii (Fire), of Hartford,
Hartford Fir... N.w H».,, hiro Fire, and C...,.,.vti'
of Machinery to order, Merrill's Patent Carpenters'
cutMotual [.if..l,i,nr,.o, e Companies. Offl.M.Wnki).
Beach Ho.'k;, Higlev i iiij.rm d utliug and Arbors
Tools, Ac. Steam, Gas and
forConfeeii...i.Ts, Sk..i.
fleld Building, Market Square.
Water Pining done to order, and at short notice. ParUns, Enoch.. ..Insurance Agsjnt and HoUry Public
Particular attention paid to repairing Guns, Locks,
mcnU,
Watches, Clocks, Jewelry,
Silver Ware and Fancy Goud&; also Watches,
Clocks n.id Jewel rv r-j-airod and warranted. Csn-
Woodsuan, Jm
BHvi
t'..llar
and
i
la.iut:,,
Hurd A
"Watchrs, Clockji and Jiwelrt.
Chandler, A. F... Dealer
h.n,..-.,
and Whips.
Sti
.-
Wm...High Street.
Ow-n W...HIgh Riront.
Saw
!
Woo
A
Tho Great
of Mill
also of Gasometers, St:
ehinery auo
Pipes and all Caitiin,', perijiining to Gas Wo;
M. C. Burloigh, Agent, O. H. Lord, Troasu
Main Street.
Falls
lei. Co...D H. Buil'um, Agent and Traae-
Castings;
Orange
Smith
Street*.
Brot... Doalcri
it,
Beef. Pork,
Mutton, Veal,
Corner Elm and Tore
Mekcbant Tailors.
and Vegolablot.
Lamb
-
r
I , l
n
North A»«rt<», Franklin or
S[ ,? ; ? I r* 2> Co
Philadelphia. Ph.enis ..I Hr.wklvn, Roger Williams
of Provldn.e, Jtepuhlivi of
.« Y ur k, Pultian. of
Hartford, First Notional ol
.re.-V.er, Imperial of
.'„ ..f Wore.
London, 1V, T
t.,r,
nd..,-ind n iit of BosIon, Cloveland of Ohio, Firemens, Hanover and
mania of New York. Life— Mutual Life of New
York Continental of Hartford, Travelers' Life and
Accident, and Hartford Life and Annuity
Total
amount raprooontod, over $00,000,000, Office, over
PostOffloe.
'
I
l,i .in.
i Corn
d Sail.
Corner Franklin and Union Hire
Wm. H A Son Dealer. Id Oiooarlsj. Grain, Pro>
Hi K b gtroel
i ice, Crockery and Glou Ware
Oilman, J. L... Deafer in Gr.^rrl.. ami Provisions; also
Crockery. China, lllaaa and Stone Ware. Corner Klin
and High Streets.
Good., Teas, Cof.
I
Jamoa, Samuel A Son.. Dsaltn in
Farrar.
,
W
fees, Spices, Fruit, ButUir, I'h.™.., [,, r d,
Kerosene and Sugars. No. 3 llutfuni
.,
BlrooL
0. M.
A
Co...D*s,lars
In
IVrk, Flour,
|[|, n
k.
High
Teas, Coffeoa, Spires,
i
ory, China, Stone and Glass
Con
Ware.
Main
Plummer, Wtn... Dealer
in all kind, of (i roeerl.i. of the boat
qualilit*; also Corn. Flour, Heal, LsjnJ, Butttr, Ac.
Country Produce Uken In exchange for (IihhIs. High
'
Streets.
VssohotT, H... Merchant Tailor, and Dealer in Foreign and
Domestic Woolen* nn.i Furniiblng Goods of svery.
No. S Central Buddtng
description.
(
Kuril
Lamb
Fuuishiwo Goon.
Bates Bros.. Ladies' FurnUhlne Store.
B ' W, '£eo a *
-
Street
Whit..-I...u», llick:.i..l
A
i
..
D-aI.,r. In
W
l.,(lr.^
1
carles, Teas, CoflVes., Omtn Flour, Fe. d, Bref,
Ac C'.untrr Pr.-lu.-s dralrod al all limes
.
Market 8q D >r.»
Ma.
C°....Ladie*' Furnishing Store.
Woodman. True
Wm
W
Tobacco, Grass
I
FruiU,
Comer
Dealer n (»rn, Flour. Pork, Lard,
Good* and Groceries, Taos, Wine., Cigars,
i
N«i-d
and Produce
High
Strssl
�/
���.
>
.
GENERAL HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF STRAFFORD COUNTY.
The Indian tribes which had their homes where Strafford County is now located, and before the white man trorl the soil, wore the NewiohaWftimaOka, the Winneeowetts,
and the Piscataquas. Very liltlo is known of these tribes; history fails to give tbeir number and strength. The Newidhftwaimookfl Intel a village on both bunks of the Salmon
Falls River, at South Berwick, and the Piscataquas were located along the Piscataqua and Cocheco Iiivors. Indian relics have beeu brought to light in different parts of tho
country.
Strafford County, situated in the east-southeast part of the State, was established by an act of colonial legislature, passed March 10, 1771. It was ushered into being by
the same act which created Hillsborough, Cheshire, Rockingham and Grafton Counties; and at that time was designated the "third county," and embraced territory more than
treble its present size.
Conway was annexed to it from Grafton County, November 10, 1778. It was reduced to its present limits by an act passed December '23, L840, which
erected Belknap and Carroll Counties, the former taking eight towns, and the latter fourteen, leaving it smaller than any county in the State. It now comprises thirteen towns,
This county was oue of the first settled
viz., Dover, Durham, Farmington, Leo, Madbury, Middleton, Milton, New Durham, Rochester, Hollinsford, Somersworth, and Strafford.
It is
in the State— about the same time as the city of Portsmouth—as far back as 1623 for a more thorough account, we refer tho reader to tho history of Dover, below.
separated from Maine by tho Salmon Falls (or Newichawannock) and Piscataqua rivers.
The soil is composed of clay in the valleys, and sandy loam on the uplands; and the surface is ragged and uneven. In the southern portion, with sufficient application
of modern improvements in agriculture, and proper attention, the soil yields abundant returns; hut the northern towns are rocky and uneven, until ting it for cultivation, Mid
The Lamprey, Bellamy, Cocheco, Uiii^lass and Salmon Falls, arc the principal rivers, which furnish valuable water-power that is well improved
is better adapted to prnxing.
at every available point.
The Salmon Falls is navigable for sloops to South Berwick, and the Cocheco to Dover. Prior to 1841, these two rivers furnished tho principal
;
_
mode
of travel and transportation to and from the county.
Railroads.— The Boston and Maine Railroad, which extends through the southeasterly part of the county, was completed in 1S43. The Dover and Winmpiscogee
(formerly Cochccoi Railroad, from Dover to Alton Bay, a distance of twenty-eight and one-half miles, was incorporated in ls-17, commenced building
,ge, in Wakefield, tho
1850. The Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad was incorporated 1844, commenced building 1847, finished to Rochester 1849, to Union V
Rochester Railroad,
present terminus of the road, in 1800; and ere many years we may expect to see its line extended to the foot of the White Mountains. The Portland
Irond from Rochester
from Portland, Maine, to Rochester, New Hampshire, is nearly completed, and will probably bo in running order during the summer of 1871. Also a
This line traverses a considerable, portion of
county.
•vevs
to Nassau, Hillsborough County, is chartered, and preliminary surveys made.
crms of the court are held at tho
district of the Supreme Court, a law term of which is held annually at Do
Strafford County belongs to the first judicial
icsday of January, and tho third
same place, on the third Tuesday of March, and the fourth Tuesday of October; aud the term of the Court of Common Plea;
.
,
i
1
Tuesday of August of each year.
BARRING TON.
Icrritorv Comprising
i'hi'
first " look up small lota, intending probably to build a comp
year or two from lln' li
It wus probably hul
Dover Neck."
lirrt church was built.
wus bui:
first
They s<
n view of the two
otian, and" of tho placid Pi
watch tli
it- could stand and
lionally seo a highly
by the bench,
spring.* Here liny 1,
woy li
mnded it with "
l",i--i iil.,, !
if worship aud si
Dial tji-o. fJurdftl, l.v n « r.keiiing
It was during tho yr— H',:M
rnor.Thoi. Wiggen. had IViggen ren
„
U inl. li r.-i».iiiinl until Ili3lrt, wb
biinscir nppninl.-.l lo hi- ph.ee.
John
bis villooj briog di»cnvcred he Qed to AgamcolleOl {Vorlt), Mai
Underbill, ft reaogodo from Ibe colony uf Massachujella, camo
11. ir
t being
this year and was chosen governor in place of Uurdelt.
'*
also tbeir minister. Ilanscrd Koullys was settled o
„i; ..i
i:..i
a by tl
a year
II
a posil
T
a
divided
of til
May
dated
iv
r
.|.i.V-r
i
it
within
the
three acres or cleared loud
forty dwelling
at
in
11
of Ihe arrival uf l.uvcridgc Unit Hn'
KaiTiuglon
I'orlsiuouih nnil incorporated
nucl Shute, Governor uf the proviac
ii ii!
built
;
,
'
occupied by families
Among
ihe
t
house, lately
ii i-li
„,„,„ l,ng, said
k.
actuul settlers.
f
otilcrs were ihe Cate fninilv who
wn, and James Swain, whos
he first frame house built
1.1.1
tnS...n
ii.
W
I.
thu anil adjoining Iij»iiMontgomery, Francis, tt'inhlcy,
living in
Timothy WMerh.mse,
son, and Jiiiiht
The
May
f
(
Ro
1722.
28,
Iliigh
I'lurl,
annual
first
the
I,
Wit,
Muder
cboseu
i
del
:
and In
_
.
William Cue. Mnrch
Mom ginnery.
K
ul
Hughes, Clerk.
ng bcld
.
nun at the house of Captain
Arthur Duuitleon, Moderator, aud Uugl
i
Tlimii
id
rl-l„. ..M
in riorringloo
Ji, 1700.
.1.
lull. Hi
;>i
Clerk.
arch in
February 7. 17T4. a mooting was held to consider (be stale of thr counand resolutions were passed affirming the rights of tho people It
aud pledging tbocltnens, by their pi
oong Uio
and nil other taxed a
> Of t
1C4L',
try,
„,i.i..
liberty,
nished
e 22,1
s
led Not.
Hey. Joseph Prince whs Ihe lirst s.etiled minister ir
1754. and dismissed Oct. 10, 17G8.
was David Turnoy, who
fr
of
December,
Hi<i2,
of Dover, Hampton,
Rowley, Ipswich, Wenlmm, Lynn, lloslon, Roxbury,
*
d those vagabond Quakers ore carried o
offemlilig U""
H 'hollhl
ry,
,
'
heitli-d
i
I
and dismissed
1
as settled
r of
pi
nod peoplo
the ohurc
Among
l'rof
S.
S.
ing Territory,
Court. »Vy
lindl,
"fit for cultivation! "Thi!
f woud and lumber y, lucl
I
n.pidilv. fnrming one
o:
i
are,
however, ninny
ridc:e:
mbcr, largo quantities o
article ol
null
after
r„pl„iii
fi
v
irios
in
„,|,
John
pt.
»>
F
„.™
.
Z\
c^:ri^:!::"%:^~™^
»
" ,""!,il'T
li'iiU'.'.',
nur
;
fill.'
ui"-;
r,..,rJ-
it:",!,",,,,"
i
<
i
,
tt.
liii.iilil'il
''ii
....Ml
i-.
'-
-
.Mull',
"I
.ML,
i'lii'ii
Syll
and
<"">
'
J
I
Iil. ii
1
li
Ihe people were
and take
of
rum
In
V,3\
Ci.pl.
ulr.-r Hi
people Of Dover, ami
..rough
Th..;
Wiggen was seel
..ver
by ihe
cm-
1 1
1 1
.
I
...
told Ihoi
i
1
>
1
passing
lliiwtl,
lliro.igli
that suffered was I
dreo taken captive
Among Ihe fami
Cth.-i-o,
ent tribes asseuill.-il nt
just formed a treaty of
I
to allude ll.viii, hoi were j
I
>
days
old,
her nurse, two dntigh
Tho fullowin;
ried to Canada.
i:i-.o
reo yonnger children. Iho nun
The ohb-.t -|.i..i;1i
.1
Ihe same lime.
re neb in an, J.diu Sil.er.-ii l.y
jed a
fi'i, the name Ii
loll, .September,
i
I-
I
l
I
v
reloroe
I,
loli ioliii}-
l-i
i:'i|.rui-i:
when tho Indians will break out." A young
i
lie
;ning that the town was full of Indians,
well e
and t
India
dark hin
Me- .li-loivit. while -"J.pir.K .il the « aldr.-n h.illse, fllH, re lo .1 In-. -1. !
Indians nl
Wnliiroli, what would you do if the strange
:r
-Ur
i
I
" I could assemble a hundred men by lifting up my
major corclessly^replied.
bouses about Cocheco vis.
^
• Hall's Spring,
at th.
pr,»ntd.y.
wh«.
the
first
ulll.ri obtsined th.ir w»Ur,
is
finger,
tl
Waldron
point*! "
I!
1
again,
[iveuiiar
{
''>
taken
fi
1764, and a portion
of I960, Including
.
Some of Die
multiply.
iil'lernoin wore apace, Ihe uu tuber seemed to
u.-ro--iou-, ami suggested lo Waldron Mint ihe In. lion- medilUghing manner be replied: "(Jo plant your
Iso cithers Sir n:
west of England loji
Rev. Wm. Levcridge.
whut was
l-
r
ThosO
vear before, slill r.uikle.l in their breasts.
a breach of hospitality, and many of Ihoso
slaiery had found their way hack to their native wigIn ihe foreilir up a .-pirit of vengeance against the whiles.
gutliering in
27, DiK'.l, ihe lm linos were observed lo he
Many an unknown face was seen among them, and, as
icrs.
1
t
oblige.
ComcT"
lITrrel
iung the Dell wieb
.k-|.ri'ihilinui,
lhir|,:cii
'I
Ur..
In.
n-e'l i.looiglit it
were made of the
.and fishery on ihe
n „s ib,-lited in lUO'J.'
Two meeting houses had been linil
other in 1068.
In 1006, it was "or
be empowered by this tneifliiig I" A
Terrell upon ihe mellllng Iioiihc fo
[looghl oi Cnpl, IValtdren."
Uuelucs
Vaiiglie
ealthy grew more wci.ltliy anil Ihe poorer were prospertrading wilh the
liniis came and neat at their pleasure;
But. true to their nalatal lemperakill!.- foml and shelter.
Tho sciiuro of the
linn n.relv f.-rgiirs a wn-in; -lonv bim.
Copt. Martin 1'ring
ho called Piscataqua
- "'"""."."a
i
*
Coeheeo were allocked as they wcro
lakeu to lloslon and from thence
A peace was declared in IG77.
For twelve years they bad liv
Though troubles of a lesser Torn
II,.-
Mm
an
met four hundred Indians u.
Major Waldron, with whom they
nod his colleague were delermii
Waldron who proposed to lake tl
1
zzzznz
i»m L..a.j
i
a
pluer.l in it sluto uf dt
uuuova »>
.nil building senlrv holes
r
Hi til,
Major W:ildron -omuiitted a deed that ih
panies of soldiers, under
Two e
lift
of uiu
I'll
s
essels visited the coast
r
«
Ifwtl thnt
DOVER.
year 1698 thai Europe
re* for th
-qua WB tcr),
Many
Ii >J 111
I
'
i
,u.h
[.'.,
is,
ir,};
from
s.llf.re.l tin.
i
Cln
eight valuat
Holliiisfor.l,
I
.
families.
When the contemplated railroads arc
transportation, Harrington will offer indu
passed by few towns in the State.
extending into the solid
Barriogton also has its Devil's Den, a ave
hundred feet.
rock, with many turns and nngles, about oi
pleasure seekers, is
Stone-house Pond, a favorite place of tsort for
ond surrounded by forest
worthy of notice. Tho pond is nearly oir< Jar
icrpendiculnr lodge, on.' hunOn tho northwestern shore rises a
trees.
hi to base, capable of sheltering
drcd and fifty feet in height. A fissure
the pond its name.
several persons, gives
fl
isjmer^v.irlli,
l.ce.
Hiehnr.l Wnhlrou begon t ~
l"»
About
.-null, a
Lower I'nlli, mid here he built a
W.ihlr..
a grist-mill; and for a long term of ye
house and trading post. The principal oting and ciporling masts, planks, b.ii.r.lt
Ihiil Kdwurd CnintieM n
We fiiul
fishing.
governor and commander-in-chief of Ne
named in CrunlieU's commission were Ma n, Waldron,
Marlyn. Oilman, Stillman and Clement;
oue of the counsellors, is shown at this
Very few Belltcmei
During tho summer
Isinglass River, a n<
hays and
sailed up
Dnriima,
were reh
the nnriioUT
ly-coustable.
dii)>, included, in addition
b-[i.i
mparo favorably wilh an)
which are annually product
arly as tho
i„k...,.
N^bury
t..
In: pr.,le:iti.ti...iiM.I
tho^e
I'-ver, in
.'f
Mi.ill.urv,
I
1
lal plains
innlc.-
much
i.-wn
njiriiml
ii[ipoinlt.|
Newioglon.
and
1
nish
'
of th-
juri-diet
won
llirec
v-'lio.
.
driv
I'ucli.-e.i
givo a variety of scenery seldom found
nt its map, we can easily imagine
id much of it
generally hard and
gnuiug riu. Hi.' producli
springs up spun! icously and grows with
until* products of thi
The
i.udl.e wl
e.iel.
1
but on their way
Snlisl.ury,
llarcl
The
men linrn In the town or IWrn.^t mi
Wnierhousc, of Washington University, Si. 1
Frank Jones, Mayor of Portsmouth.
Tho surface of tho town is quite unc
southeastern part. These, with its nun
Tho principal
ami
WoIUt
caused himself to be
.Justice of U.
Kiii};
The
M,i"''.ch.i;ells.
ton,
northwestern holt incorporated a
tho distinguished
liviuK are
Col. J. W.
Hog
o
"
Strafford.
"
ick,
till
Levi liuziell. John Kingman, an"
In 1821 the town was divided
1
,,.„,|,
ii
his death in lbio.
Prominent anion j: ihe active men ni ihe beginning of tin.' prepwore Thomas W mid Samuel Male, Job Otis, John and Davi-
and continued
i
unties lo
ar, of Ihe
all
who
As wo
enlisted.
Herobtlion-oii
Rhode Island and
wo see Dover men
ill
lliv
New
ballletl
York,
W
f,
in the mldll or
K hi.^ -.ml "t-i.ii,
t
rather oT our navy— John Paul Join
perilling their live:
tho forms of Dr. K«ra Green ond other
and wlien tbo strife Is done we sci
qajll New England village—W Uiel
left vi
tbo Introduction of cotton manafoc
�72
its commercial importniiec and gn dually poihing forward until it
stnnda a leading ngricullural town of the county.
Of the many distiuguishcl men who have had their ham's in Durham,
than Mujar-Oeneral
perhaps none ..re held in more grulcful remember
In the beauliful village of Durham
Sullivan, of Bevohitinmiry notoriety.
may be seen bis residence (see p .ge Ti^). and near by his resting place.
EcctMiAsritMi. IlisToitv.— The people of Oyster llivcr, after a severe
struggle with these uf Dover, obtained n meeting house uf their own in
Previously, through mud and
Idol, nnd agreed to pay a minister £1)0.
losing
through n succession of Ifn years, ending in 1H21. when Hie Dover Fnclory
Company was incorporated, which was afterwards mm p».-<J into the Cochorn
pane was incorporated in 1838.
Manufacturing Company, The latter r
At Iho present lime they have f.mr null-, mi the print works which manuIl has in operation nt Hi* mills
facture Ihc well known Coebcoo prints.
.IJOO/HJO yards uf
MI.IIM) npiniilfs and
L'<M»
s,
nud manufacture*.
cloth per annum.
Dover received its city charter September 1, 1865.
has commenced a rapid growth, and
During the last few years
will, ere long, surpass her neighbor hy ibe sen.
The manufacturing of hauls and uliucii is mi important branch of inl
1
1
1
1
Dow
,
-
Men, n'..u.. „. ami children would
obliged"" nltcm| u.,. hn ) at'o-v.-r N !ek
giilher on the tabbi.th, nml, through the crooked intricate paths find Iheir
"
tho Bellamy Riv. r. ami cr-asiug in canoes, climb to
;
If you nsk, Whnt did your city during Ibe Rebellion? wo will reply, Go
count Ihc little tings waving, in (lie I'lrw" mi the summit or Pino Hill, Bad
they will tell.
A few relief of the Iudlnn wars are to ho seen nl till present day. Remains uf the inlrenchmonls ami bastions mnrk the place where the old
Two old Harrison houses still remain
meeting linuafl stood on Davcr Sock.
The former wos bnill in 1C30,
in " Rack River"— (he Drew nnd Harvey.
nud bullet-holes, are distinctly seen in iH massive sides.
It is said that
blended il by placing different
during nn ntlack of the Indians one ivmi
line in Hie ronf, in the mcanhut? on ft pole, nnd showing them through
liuiu keeping up a rapid plefeuce by
ling and firing us fust ns possible.
The savages, luppoiKlg till hODJI k) be strongly guarded, abandoned Ihc
il
I
ihc
till
abandoned.
DUM 12 AM.
Thct
Settlement.
seven generations,
W
is (be
also the
ctipnlion by white people, for six or
n period of
re than (no hundred yean. Such
I'rof. W
iiiinii, of
iiirtmoiitli College;
iliiring
plnee,
Imiiu
owned by
ton
c.i'l to
died in
e
njied 108 years.
7.lii,
I
TheCongregatir.nnl church whs org.mircl March ><:, 1718, under (ho
Ungh ,\.
oincl, c
inucd Till I7:i',l.
Rev. Nicholas Oilman, fr
Dieter, was. the second psstor, from 1741
his death in 1748.
lie wns greatly beloved bv the people.
The third pastor was Rev. John Adams, a nephew of the first. His
ministry continued nearly thirty years, and ended in 1778.
He hud a
lively imagination, was a writer of ability, and at limes, it is said, was
tery eloquent.
Bet. Uurtia Coo was ordained pastor in 1780, and dismissed in 1 80' J, a
good man, but not greatly successful
Till this time, die pastor of the ['angrogatiom.l church was the minister
af the lawn, nml supported by lav.
But this continued no longer.
The ncit pnstor, lifter an interval of eleven years,
Federal
Burt, ordained June 18, 1817.
Tho church was very small and
but was much increased during his ministry of nearly eleven yean
die f eb ii, 18-28.
Kev.
llatiert
WBS the
I'og.i
l
.
t
death.
The following morning, Ihc
tlioir
II
signal gnu being fired, the IndioDB rushed
eomiuem d u general atlaek oil tho llOUSCS.
:., Adar
In Adams' they killed fourteen pi
the promise of security, but wan afterwards
re abandoned, ami the oecupantu escaped to the
hiding-places, anil
Of Ibe twelve
A
r,
surVe nderod hi"
llr'ew
i
c». five
i
hilled; tho other thrci
tins),
woods. Tho other ga
bilcd dwelling all II
s, Jones's, Bunker's
Til,,
Wuodinan's (which has been an inba-
Hi, 1. lord'.-', were p'n served bv the lignrons
Bickfi.rd'n house being siiualed by tho river, be
sent his family off inn I. out before it was at lacked, nml retiring to his
hause, defended it by keeping up n eaniiuunl lite nt the enemy, changing
I
elfurts of the inmates.
'in
'i'
I'
I
1
'
i'
'i
io
ii
ry
linn
,
in
j.'ii
I
ing ..ilia', in u
I
I
cue,
some of Ibe occupants escaped to the woods, others wero shot in the
attempt.
The I'retieb I'rient Weill lu II
ml. hau
r-liip, inn!
upent the lime in defiicing the jiulpit.
and child of John
Mete captured ami taken !»., miles up me river and tell in enro of an
Indian.
The lndiim fe.-ling siek u-ked Mrs. Hrevf what was good f„r him;
she replied, '• octapte" (mm).
Not disliking the remedy, he drew forth a
31,
:
,
Pastor.
tho people were returning from church one coibbnth, the old people on
horseback, the ymmger ones nfoot, ( 'hi-ley and the y.
g lady loitered
Afl Ibey were talking of iheir future pr.i-].eets in life, an arrow
behind.
from the bow of same lurking Indian pierced the neck of the girl, nml she
fell hack, a corpse, int., the nrins of l,cr lover.
A shout from < 'Lesley
brought the albert buck, ami the! bore the dead girl to the
irest house.
As (hey entered -on,, hi
fell |o tho doar-sloue, end to this day the stone
i< pointed out, with the blood mark s of two hundred years ugo still ibible.
I'ram that lime young Chesley sw. ire vengeance against the Indians, und
ended his dsys fighting them.
Iti. nsserlcl that nt one time, meeting
twelve skinning a In it. r, he killed eleven of Ibcm.
In 1704. nnolher Indian war broke .ml. in which the Oyster River Belli, lu.-nt suffered mare than any of the neighboring clonics, more than
filly persons were killed, ami as many more were taken pri-micrs.
Nnthmml Mcadcr, lldn. Taylor. Win. Ti.-ker. J. dm Wheeler, his wife uud
l«,. ehililrell, ntal Cnpt. 1 lio-ley were i.luang Iho kill,. I.
Tho 16th of May. 17I1L', Oyster llivcr Settlement, including Leo, wna
taken from Hover ami Incorporated as the town of Durham, from n town
I
by that name
rated .Ian
IT,
Knglaml.
I.ce was taken fram Durham ami incorpoITbli, and a pari of Madburv in 1708.
t'moo
Dove
a
eighty si! n.ilesfr.an
,f 23,000
Ihero was a population of 1000.
The population iu 18*18 was SJinn. The
surface is uneven and hilly, in same instances arriving at (lie dignity of
mounlnins.
Blue Job Mouutnin, one of the range of Ihc Blue Hills, is
situated in the soulhwestcrn part of the town.
It- summit affords a very
.Ship- ti.ii be seen off I'ortsmoulh Harbor with the naked
extensive view.
eye; while to the north nud west the White Mountain- ami the MonadHer mountain" meet Iho eye. The town is well supIiocks, with mnuy :
plied with -(reams ami river?, amang whirl, are the Cocheco, Mad, Kla,
and Wahlron.
These nllord manufacturing
fi.ilities
I
iad, a
Railroad, passes through
modern convenience Tor travelling and'
branch of the lla.!., n aid Maine
Of Iho town, affording every
interchange of general uicr-
Not
la
for
highly
from I'nnningt-.n village
!..,,..
who
a rock supposed to weigh
Is
iy-
r.-coaity
till
I,
,.,
,„..,, |,
,.,„.,,]
,„,
,
from sixty
:i(
|„, r
ri
.,.
L
;
but during the li-il of a part) ,.( loanc
l.'l.'. ,,, ,i- . aco -i'l
s!'.|ae
,
cnlcrpri.sing genius -oggcM, .| Ih. idea of iuserling a leiec under
one -ide
to see how far it could be lu.ved by their c
on,
efforts, which being
acted upon, it slipped from il- po-iiioi, „| (1 ch il had so long occupied
nnd
is now as firmly fixed us its neighbors.
A"
'I"' hrst who s. ttb .1 in tin; section Here Benjamin, Mamuel
nnd
Richard Furbcr, Samuel Jones, Beuiiimiu I'hesley, and 1'mil Dcmorilt
near Merrill's Corners from 770 to 7S:f. (in the
ml Levi l.eighton w ere located o
istnullli"
"
-e.
General yulli.an
the !..„„
;,l
Dml, ,m
1
I
seph
i.
n
md
Ten Rod Bond'
;
of
I'niled S
.
I.egi-l
t
.,
whi.
h.
many
their hmue, yet
of
its
Ilia
it
nineties.
It hns been palri
ing to furnish its quota of h
~
a population for populous nud strong religious societies, but has had its
men and women renowned for bold nml vigorous Christian notion. Although the prevnleuco ,,| iuloni perauce, ears ago preyed injuriously upon
tho community, yet vigorous hristim. beroi-m has wrought for the better,
now
is
It
called,
in
"Hie banner (own of Strafford
that respect.
has most valuable mill-sites, and inexhaustible beds of exand may lift ns high a head as some towns boosi-
cellent clny fnr bricks
;
sonde
ng of n
tingn
water, is of historic interest to
It derives its mime from Bev. John Wheelwright,
Ibe present generation.
Some time
May, DitiO, n pnrty of Indians atthe foundor of Eider.
tacked the people of Fox I'uint, iu Newiugton (then a part of Dover),
burned several houses, killed several people, and carried others into captiful sheet of
m
After numerous depredations having hen can. mi tied in Exeter and
Other places two companies el' -couls raised far the purpose, Blnrtod in
I.
uly, 1690, whero
pursuit, nnd overtook the savages nt Wheelwright s V
Three of the leading oflicors nnd twelve
:d.
e killed, and it
supposed n large number of Indians.
vity.
,1
MADBVBY.
This peculinrly sbnped town was for mnny years a port of Dover nnd
Durham, but was taken from these two lowns and incorporated into a
May 31, 1705, ami Mny 2*;, 17t;w, into a town. The render will
parish,
by looking at the map nn u foregoing page, that the town
inpe
.ngulai
is
of tri-
ci
ieltlcd at a very early dale.
we
Among
the earlier settlors
Brow-. Bmcrson?, livans, Chesleys, nud Davis.
A warrant signed by c-oloun n Bm. rsan called the lirsl parish meeting
June 23. 1753, ami for ttie choice of lir-t parish ..ihcer-, Salomon Emerson
was chosen moderator; libenc/er Benierill parish clerk; John Wing. lie,
Daniel Have- and Juhn BuhertS
I'nul Oorrish, and James Mavis .-.elect men
assessors; Daniel Young and .lames Tnsk. r, Jr., ciinimissioucrs; and John
Demerit! was chosen the first representative la represent said parish in
the General Assembly at Bseter, December, 17TB.
Be». Samuel Hyde
find the Demerit!-.
;
r
of
was succeeded by Rev. W
t
i
illiam
Hooper,
ilicorp..r
nfter
who was
the last settled minister
d
po-
;ny yes
lie
of tho Nineteenth Can-
d also
into the parish, but il ha. ha.g -iuce hc-cu u-d (,; a t-wn house.
This
town, not unlike its neighlmrs, suffered severely by lndiun wars; mid
When Iho Revulutiou broke out il gale ils mile Inwards gaining our independence. The surliice is undulating the s,.il in the .alleys is n mixture
or clay, while ou the hill, are found sandy h.am, with very few stones.
' Muhurrimet's Hill," now
Hick's Hill," derives ils name from an Indian
Chieftain of that name.
Rcllaiuy River drains the north part of the town,
" le between this town nnd Dover, is the only pond,
Ding one hundred I
twenty rods long and fifty wide. Mnny of tho
?oplo attend public
hip in Dover and the udioiiiing towns..
There
r of Eriei
n Madbury Hint belong t
Madburv si
the Bos
Maine Bailrond, supplies tho t
;
'
who bavo held public
now deceased, ar, Nchet
lialls,
o hold a disi
elected to the Stnto Sent
lie died January 10, 166(1.
Dr. .losejdi [Imum.m.l was a nieiuher
ho Slate Lcgish
the Tnoniy-tlrst
Tweuty-sccou-i
Ho died March 28, 1830. Among those now living is" liearge
I,. Wbitehouse, who was n deputy sheriff six years,
n Judge of tl
or do"
county of Strafford for fourteen year
inemher of the House of Ropr
years.
Judge Wh
ha- al'i. been oil.-a-ivcly engnKcd in rai
is.
-
I
.lib all the
c-
:es
of railway
I
"
t,
John D. Lyiimn, Geo.
SI."
liming and
AW™
T. Edgerly and .losiuh
U, Edgerly wero
I'olice
Court
lit
"
Fiirmillglotl
V
itbers
Stnto Legislature were Mark Demerit!. Mi
minli Jones, and Isaac Merrill, Tho last nt
years and as collector three years. He hai
thirty years at Merrill's Corners, in
e first
used for
Si„i
man
Me was
,
but
born in tho town that was elected to
elected far sis suece-.iv, terms ami nnuiiIn run.
Hi, majority at his first
refused
isUGS.
The
dgo or
,vho serve.l iu Ihc
ruton.P. IV. Home, Jereerved a- justice for Ihirly
been engaged ju rra-le for
re called Kurber's siore,
Hi
the firm
.I,.-
Hon. Henry Wilson, United Stales Senator
meeting bonee
first
soulh of ('arming
village
Curlier... in the southern pur
one of the mo;
iv* iu the Slate.
(hoes.
hotels, a
It is
noted for
'
Ba
,i
>l'a[
1,1
jh school
its
ra
d growth and
it
"ihoM^
and 3 churches,
tir., Pri
Bnplist, Congregational,
"' »"
often used— I'oriuinploii Dock torthe Dock )— originated
froi
a giowtl. .,f large yellow ih.ck, g|.,„i„g ,„, ||„. |, llr
j, f ,,f Knight's 1l,-,„,l,
'
e Maj..
n fat
healthful
"
it
, I
s of
after,
and
took e
made
,'
.
Years
ind purling brooks,
ulyd
sioians have
their 111.
1
The Dover and Winaipis
r
Icfield.
nnd meadows; it hns meandering
s pnml near the centre.
At 0, very
t for efficien
and si
lime-soil, with hills, plains, elopes,
cessful sehools.
i
'
)
Thc town of Lee, ns will bo seen, is irregular in shape. It has every
variety of soil known to the same latitude in New Hampshire, except
which arc n nevcr-
Iniling ,-onrce of profit to the ahabitnnls.
The Cocheco is funnel by tho union of the W'aldr.,n, Bla, and Mnd
rivers in the northeast purl af
i.rniinglou Village, nud is made available
as n valuable water privilege b. the construction of two canals, one of
which is Ihrec-fourlhs ,.f a mile in length, t'urni-hes a fall of thirty feet
ane half mile In length, a fall nf ten feet
the nther, nl
Tho soil is well ndaptcd fur the raising of nil agricultural produots
in
During (he In-i session of the l.egish.l ure,
1 JitMl acres nf land with
-'"» ii'hiihilnnls were set otT fran, Hurhnm, nml annexed to New
Market, llookinglinm Co.
r'rom the ch.se of the Indian wars till the breaking nut of the Rcvolulion,
we look back ami see the s, itlcmciit graning in iioporlnnce nml sln ngili
'ii, whu have
lived through trial nml ntlliclion. pa-s awny ta
join their fathers;
the young lawyer— .Sullivan— appear nn the
scene, and, by hi
'
my noble ipialiti.
.iifldenceof
*
the people and to places of
The
L blac
opproaehes from the cast; a
Wo, hi
.V
0 Whole
of ihc ihrte tilled n century.
i
Is'
nud lived together until -he was C'i mid he llll M-nr^ of ugo. After her
onptivily sho wan the mother of fourteen children.
An interesting story comes down to us from those old colaniul times,
which we will rehite.
Il inn cnsii
r\ in lhase days for those living
back from the settlement, to collect on the .S.hb'ith, and. for protection,
proceed in a body to the settlement t„ worship. Thomas Chesley, n young
man, was bctrollied to n Miss Uamhill, residing in what is now Lee. As
The ministry
and Lee
County."
irpnrnlcd as n
E. N. E. from
fire,
balllo which ho bad stolen, took a larce daso, nud si
fell nslccp, and
Mrs. Drew nnd child escaped. Thomas Drew ami wile— a recently wedded
couple— wero taken pripouers. Do wan carried to Canada, she to tho
In. linn village of Norridgwog, in M„j„o.
Four years oflcr they relurued
ley.
From 1760 to 1KB", names canspicuoua in the town, now deceased, wero
Joseph Sins, Robert Thompson, Miles Banded, .lames Brnckctl, Copt.
Josinh Barllett, John B. inlet, Joseph l.earitl, Robert Barker, Jona Cartland, Andrew Demerit!, Je-epb Darrell. the Lnd.ls, Lawrence, Wilson,
Resides the above, later conspicuous ltavo
Davis, and E. B. Neally.
beenGardaer Towle (removed), Honorable- Josiah Burtlctt and Samuel
Cartlond, and recently Moses A. Certlnnd.
Of persona living June 211,
I8T0, Simon Otis bus been ofnotc in Lee, now the oldest inhabitant; blso,
Mrs. Elizabeth Halo Smith, who is entitled to moat grateful historic ineu-
I
HAMMING ION.
I
I
March
1828, to
Rev. Alvan Tobey began to pi
a the Gi t Sabbath in Oclohcr,
was ordained pastor Nov. au, 1000, ami uas continued io
1841
The present neat and commodious house uf worship
dedic
siity years past, there has been n Baptist church
led a,r,,U.„,.., under the ministry of Kid .T Willi,,,,, Demerit! nnd others
his death in 1841.
It is now called "Tho Church of the Disciples,"
I
I
a Durham and incorporated a
nf
, by a.
the Provincial General Court, January IU, ITnfi. A warrant signed by Joseph Sias called the first parish or town meeting, Mnrch 18. Miles Rondel was chosen moderator and parish clerk, and lloberl Thompson, Ely
Nicholas Du.ly selectmen. Dec. 22, !7Hli.
Clark, and
Il was voted "that
Zaccheus Clough inspect into the affairs of Rev. Mr. Samuel Hulchins."
Rat. Samuel Hutehius was minister when the town was incorporated, nnd
continued until about IMld. when he was succeeded by Hey. John Oshom,
who, after about n third of a century, was succeeded by Rev. Israel Ches-
I
I
obtained a grant of the fall? ou Oyster River (now the silo of Durham
village) and creeled a ea«-mill.
In u few years " the falls" had monopoDurham, being on
the frontier sotlited the business of the vicinity.
suffered much from the Inn
a the savages. Rut they were
it molested to any considerable cxlo
ICO J, during tho " French nnd
lo merit nt
nliun War," when In M
nils was surprised by nbout two
miidred Indians from the NnrridgW'og
b, of Maine, and the E'ciiscooks,
Twelve garrison-l
sen defended the
of Amoskcag Falls nnd vicinity.
settlement, but for years the people hud grown careless, nud many spent
the nights in their uuprot. led dwelling-, ami those in the garritun-houses
bad bnt a small supply of nmmunition.
Thursday evening, July 7, the peaceful inhabitant* ought their couches,
ttiaiiking their Creator for their many bier dugs, il
Id man to dream of
bis children, tho maid of her lover, little thinking of the relentless foe that
only awaited the rising euti to commence their work of destruction and
they w
ZEE.
till
Smith place, owned by Joseph .Smith, who bears
in full the name
suppose, likewise, thai lands owned by men
1
of the originnl settlor.
bearing the names at lluruhnra. Hunker, Smith, Millions, nud others, have
come down in tho same succession. The names Mathews, William", Goddard, Smart, ami Canny, nre also mentioned among, the first so I tiers.
I
Thomas Renrd,
In 1610 Vnleniine Hmilh, a nnrchi.nl from Boston,
•
hill.
r.
procured in I0S6, but bo [eft the
Disi
Mr. Hull was there, but only r
ained t
ecclesiastical affairs occurred unli
l'urish in Dover by the lieiienil I'
dale John Buss, a physician, was the preacher fir im>re than thirty .ears,
lie had bis valuable l'll.mry burned by Hie Indians in July, 1U04.
He is
rnini-lry id Key.
Ho'itcrcd over different parlsof the town nre springs (mostly fcrruginone
nnd sulphur) vulunhlo for medicinal purposes. At one lime iron ore was
mined in ihc western pail of tho luwu, hut it nut being r
said plant was bo Ihick that it became of public notoriety.
Fnrminglon
was st> called fram ils line ndiiptatimi to farming pursuits. Tho names of
its mountains are from parties who owned them at nn early dale
Job
Allard owned the mounlnins now colled Blue Job, which belongs to Hie
the name [Hue Job.
Mnd llivcr derives its name
Blue Hills range, he
from its freshets or floods, to which the country along its banks is subject.
known to rise nfter a heavy ItloriD of one or two hours' duration
It has been
a number of feet, flooding (he ... autre along i:- border, -weeping property
nnd cverylbing before it; rocks weighing Ions, have been moved from
their resting place.- by its impetuosity nml carried quite a distance down
Is occurred iu Ifllli, cruising great destruction
the stream. One of ihc tl
of property, and endangering iho lives of the people.
In some instances
n
MIDDLETON.
This town, situated in the north part of Stafford County, is small, containing only 71f.l acre-, B'H7 of which i.rc improved, the balance woodland
andswamps. Valuuiian of tanas fjt 174 1,0(1. There tire 101) houses and
lOu families.
The principal agricultural products arc corn, oats, and
potatoes, though the soil is rocky nml moist, and is la tter lined for grniing.
Tho tnwn has increased very little in papulation during tho Inst
decade.
In 18&H it was estimated at ITli couls, by (he census of 1870 it
numbers 482.
Tho first settlers came here in the beginning of the Slh century, mostly
from Lee, Somcrsworlh, and Rochester. The town was incorporated .March
-I, 1778, and in December,
1704, the town uf Brook field was severed from
it.
For mnny years these two town- united in sending a representative to
the legislature.
In 1H2H David Davis. Lsip, win. represented these towns
in the Legislature, can-e.1 a special ml Io be passed, allowing each town o
member, neither of which had the c.nslilul iannl number of votes.
The first settled minister wns Rev. Net,..
1.
(mlwav flJrlbodox), his
successor, Elder John Bu^.ell, n Eree-W il! Baptist, established a church,
since which lime this has been the prevailing religious sentiment.
Tho southern and central parts of Middleion have a level surface, but
while looking north, Brcat Moose, Bald, nnd Barker mountains tower up
before tho eye of the beholder, forming a natural bulwark between this
and Ihc town of Brookfield. The soil yields scant returns, yet by that
perseverance and industry which characterize Ibe people of New England,
many arc in prosperous circumstances.
Middletou t'orncrs, a little limalvl south of Iho c nire of the town, is
the principal place of business.
Here iy the po-t-olGce, the stores, n hotel,
a public hall, and one Free-Will Baptist church edifice.
1
MILTON.
Milton was formed from Boche-Ur. and huh incorporated iu 1802. The
first settled about 1770.
The hr^t meeting house was built in
town was
�73
Tho plan
.!i|/r„,.-,,|i,„,ali s t.
clerk's office, together with
the I'lumer*, Joneses,
lire
ll.jrj
.,..i.
e
ri,.> fir-
ccndanl
The pews
'I
sold
liijilieft
In-
1
The
lli.lfiu.
..
i
tl
]
prices rnnginc ."mm
lit
lo.llct.t
p
li.-epli
I.V
Hi
r.
I'l
,.1,1
one hundred Jolh
. U .111,-.
ill
I
i-iid ridge, on
No. 1. The first
,v occupied
hy llrierly
Tbe surface of the
school-lion
first
tliirly to
lilti)
on
nill
occupied for die same purpoi
rict
,
I
*:
mill was built In 1805, on tli
II W„ r k',
;
by a moti by the name or Knox.
mhcU mid
billy, and in some cases rising to the dignity of
eneritlc
Mountain ia one of the hiedient clovntinu j in 1 his part 01 iue O.aic. lit
summit affords n view fur ccnrcs of miles ry,-u id. nn.l in ostent ami general
interest is unsurpassed in the county.
Tbe soil is naturally good, and
adapted in I lie rsi-ino of all ni:rieiil(iinil -r- n < ~ common t" New Kokand.
I
I
]
The Salmon
boundary
which M-paiate:.
Fall?. Iliicr,
for thirteen miles, and
from Maine, forms its Eastern
valuable water privileges,
it
munv
afford*
pngo-M) i- » tnnniimci.iritio, village in Die norlbeasl parL
not surprised in the county. Though
For enterprise and public spirit it
Milton Mills
(.-te
i.-.
it i.- destined to a rapid ^roivtli
Milt.m Three I'ooil (nee page 411) (so
called iVoio « lit- three ponds in Ihe vieiniiy) is a Uniiri-hii.g village situated
on tbe Salmon Falls BiVBr, in the southeast part of the town. The inhabiMauy of the
tants aro chiefly engaged in the manufacture of shoes.
Attached
not n little, on this branch of manufacture.
farmers depend,
small,
y
<il.l<-
gthoi
oftei
within the liiuils of tbe new township, and settlcl near tho lino of Uoior.
the same day it is claimed that Kleaiar Ham also moved iuto town.
Other families soon ...Unwed, principally fr-nn Unrer. In 17=17. there were
sitty families in unn.
In 17 11, there Here nearly .-ne l.mi.ltvl ami hliy
Al this time an Indian war broke out, from which the town suffered severely,
and its progress was arrested. Tho proprietors made appropriations to
build five block-houses. tr Torts in ilillereut parts of the town for tho defence
Upou
i
Juno -17, 174H. Joseph Richards, John Hichards, Jo.eph Heard, John
IVentwoHli, nod (icrfln.m Downs were .'orpri-u.l on ltnchesler Hill by a
parly ..f Indians in ai
ish, slid all killed eicept John ltithards, who was
captured, and with n b..y narind Ji.ti ithau
r, cirne-l to Cnnadn, where
At U.ii time there were serious
tboy lived n long lime w'itli tbe Indiius
Major i>avin nilb a parly id forty
tbou K ht, of abai,.|.,ini, w Ihe settlement.
May 23, 1747, Sao
soldiers was sent to the defence of the town.
brown, a soldier of the province. »«< wounded.
June 7, 1747. mi eiijin — r.ient lonk place he! neen n party .,f Indians nutl
a party of white? I. low (ionic, in which the In. lis,,, i.e're defealcd Olid
Sabbuh morni.,^, the »ile„f Jt-natban llol^-ioo,
(led.
May 1, 1748, on n
While she was gone nut to find and milk the cows, was surprised by tbe
This was the
siiiig..iiic garrison.
Indians and killed n, ai the S.|u
attempt of tho Indians on Rochester.
lli.nnties
Wild unimals abounded in the early hi-tory ef the town,
I
.
'
i
Ui^r l
Sii bear-, were kill. .] in 17.M.
otTered for bears and wolves.
plenty, and the town annually choio officers to see that Ihey wcro
iry to Is
it the t
1740.
The hrof a pauper
-Id linblo Tor his support.
John Forst. Ho
The first school w..s in 17,>2. The ma-ler's name
boanled round the town, paying bis board in four different familied. The
alr.-a.lv
tt-T.
1.-
knockdowns an
nl
..t
I
lie
ili-|
-I
lain
.
ationofth
ho pie-.
f.r,
r.
inru away, pm..
'' raili.
ainicabb
with an award
telegraph line
NEW VURUAM.
for flomo years after this.
wa~ one of tbe mnM forward towns
held January 24, 177 1. tbe (..nn iln.'f
lluritig'tb- Keyoloiim,. Itoebe-ler
ted in 17C2, and contains 22.020 acres,
Net
174U the tract of land cmbrac ng this town was granted to Etmneier Smi
and others, on condition that forty families should permanently settle
it within firu years from the
ted, and a meetafter a meeting-house, grain
Major Thoml
ing supported.
own expense.
d built the two mills at
Hie rttt Moment
(uired iiuiiiI.it ,,f
With the a* slnucc of l'oul Maroh and others, tbo
settlor! was ol aioed, by a bounty of fifty
i
largest of which
The
Mcrnt-M'clmy, OOB-
is
1000 a
t
d parts so rocky as to ho
rough, nod s
ce of the
the most part it* moist and well adopted to graiing.
unfit for cultivation
Mount Det rises 830 foot above Merry-Meeting pond, which washes its
Cropple Crown is still higher.
base.
Merry Meeting River Ih.vis (nun tho pond
;
Ai
the Slate.
town
a
in eel "mil,
committee of crre -p
„er.'
,-.n.-i -le.l
mid
-n.iena-,
p.i--e,|
.
nilllv-
but few
rehes
,.
,
t
,
i i
,
Unvid
Copt.
,
"
"
1776, by reques'
s
f.oiml
,t
I'lnce,
ami Aimer Unm,
rrying on tho war, and
s
Liavid 1'lace st I'ort-uiouth
n served under dpt.
mdcj a
limy under lien Sullivan. I'npt- .lohn llre.yster also enr
Capt. Lii.mel
Itocbe-ier men in ihe Nnrlhcm Irnij in 1777.
port in
ide-1 s. company in tbo Northern Army, and took
Melmffee . .in
tho battles of Saratoga and Stillwater.
nmne" ol
Tho Ten Assncintimi, st Ihe hfcinuiue: of tin' war, .-itrnwii the
ri-k their lives nn.l fortunes to oppos
108 loyal men, willing
ern
coi.ii.rtny'ol
,
renly-t
A |,lnm
v.ars:
01,
|
t ,.,
I,.,,
r„
N.'.
,.
]
U
r
in tbe
WBH
1117.
in tho service
was 03.
C*urcn«.— Tho Grat mcctiii K Imuso wai built ou Rochester Hilt hy I ho
It .vim " -Hi feet long, ,'IU feel wide,
proprietors of the tonmhip, in I7:tl
Bfoetstud." Uynu aot oftho Auemhly. April. I7:i7. the o.A.i'iiMnl.
town (no longer tbe r r,. r n,u,r.-] nere s.,lbori,..l to r..o.,-, hy tmatlon,
.
pp,.rl
1
.
liuisit
II
i
M
\io.,-
\
un,
,•(
II
.r.i.r,t
was Uic first settled mluisler. The church was orgsnlttd in tho sama
mi
Tho first oduiissiotis were Joseph IVnlkur. Ji/nbetli, Ha
Mury Mac Fee. Stephen llerrv nod Jo ph ulkor were the lirrtt duacu-,
Main died in 17GU. The town, in usual in those daj paid the ruueral
I for
Btbo
I
..
.,
.
refil"
K^vl tho
year
—
r,hip oflhe
.„
If
Dur-
„
....
l
i
Ho
?T.t
....
.
lo
u.l.
1
.
'ivi'-
that
l'..oer,. i,-.ili.,....l^.„ ,..ty.
.-f
lit v.
Jn-opli Haven,
^Tbe .nelely .e.e
LelriL!
nearly
lifly
yep
I
.
llgious society
!e
ctard,
ogoJ 77 yonM.
Darii.i
lSiiii,
Il.r,,
in
tl.i.
.
H
V >»
MM
-r.
It
'>
,'I.V
'
'
»'
F.
III-
"iZiVyJ,,
s o" stern b,„„,.i,,r,. 1
„1 nr.aMrl ivl,i, I. In.
„,,
!'.,.t
.
'"'
„
Tin
'"/'I
II,
v»l„,U.
.'
er„n,,
.(it
STJS?-
„],
ll„,l
•
» l«
'!„ 'I,"e
l.r
tlr,
come
Slate
uic.
tin
Stole, being tbo ninlb in
l„,„ bi.Uy
,,',
mole
l.on^'tt
1'ierse
Col-
in
reriiineiit,
.„„:,l.J „1
has
S-.l
i
th
n
lrU>7.
at
III*
and Rbentior
week
reeks on
1777.
Ilo was
n ihe I'aiisda e.M.etlilion of
ivas disitinguishcd fo
e in the li-^islnture, and
Slrofrord_
»
,(„
Formiiigtou was taken from
ken from Rochester Juno 11, 1802.
Count, in IM<>. lloches.er was one of
zX
„n
I,- re. and the -IM
["ehli was .tan.-...
N-.rwny i'}^"'
by tbo name of
I
eite,,-
^
r
!
1
mid
'
V,I1„k.
In
.
[,r„.|„.r.,„s,
""['W ,)
H„cl,e.tor \ ,ll,,.e.
*•>
It
The monthly meetings were heh
nd
II>
earsVe^was a duacon of tho ehurch._ _
:l.fui mid ui.',
n of his long life ii
cspeoted, and spent a large pi
,s public service.
served Hieir cot
iaa one of sU brothers who
Dr.
h-seol the
till the
„ ,[„. I,,!!],, .,| IttinLer Hill
""
•
'
In 17*1 the
est Association.
tho Friends of Rochcnler or
Tho housa w*J hulll or.
ouse.
as afterwards taken down ami
Qonic, from which plnco
Held many tow.
Rochester in 1719.
lo
:.
i,*," i^'lMUfi.
;*™fs^^$Z&£tSSi
,,
i!„
M
W.
XOCJIESTER.
l,n>
r
,
sixty ycnrs.
ut
»
of the Stnte l.e.-i-bil.rre in l.>-'
Senator" or chairman,
being a pari of that lime ••Senior
member
'
",
"V
'" """ """"
Ho Ji"1 0t "»» r
;<""
RoclicBlor is one of tbo olJcst towns in
T„r u
V v,:.,r.. il
„rl . r'„„„|.,.„r„L„.Ii
was granted dunog
.
iLrni-li,".!
1(0 a
IJ
rl^»
I
,,
ll,o
'iberly lo ket
of the 1st month neit."
for short periods only, un
1
t
ic
erly
I,
.Mi
frnl, ri,,,.
1.
»«-ily forty
Frem
1768, and cor
the siege ..( IJnche
rrg in
i
'l.
... I, ...1
""J
U„
II,,,
]
". *.* "'J
,,r,
um
Ilv-l
,11.
t,„'l
UiJ.lt.
„,l,..r .,f
r .,
,,.[..,
J
:„
rutanaiit in tho
„i Ui.. .on,,,.
HooJcy, o (olm.!.
n„J 1k-1 „, tins lown. Ho
„nl„„„ J Lv 1U„„I„II
KM.r
Ku!^,-.
It',,,
|n
-I
iruvt'lk'i
M ,™.
»t
|,
S n id
KM"
J.
lit
-"'I
I
w.
....
IWI.om
ill,
,
17',,'.'
K,, B I
„,|„„,c.J
,.„,
IT!::
in
|.li,.,'
J„,t, „.".!,- I,,.,,.-,,,,/
rl.l.
N...
,.„
„.vnrker »
,
,„
,,tl,pr.
..u.l
,
..f the town in April, 1 Min, -howetl
I he enrolmenl
Tho total quota of Ihe town under nil calls
Tho UUIubor lost
Total ormlltl by IHlUtmBDtl and tlrnfla 'Mb,
oilier Slnlen
t.f
yit) liable t„ military duly.
itt
,„.n,r, s.nl
I
«h„
nieuti
Untheslerlnsl foil rleeit men in tl. u
enemy. The
ihese -)i.-l pri. .ners in the hands of the
ity-moe.
l'lomtner, Lt. Col. John
leading men of this period wero Hon, John
Jnmos Howo.
cDuflee Deacon J unes Kuo«lci. nnd Dr.
He -as apwas.be first iwistr.ile ,n the town
II. „ jU„ /7 u .,-,cr
tbe (
'
» 1
ml, 1. hi Ihe lltKisb govern .r. n imlpe of
o,
yenr
Now
mtvicc
sign."
end a
burying groonJ
.
rcqm
mty-twoQuaki
_..
U
M
ltocbealer
Meeoiid
Capt. rlacc oftcrwards raised mid ooiiimsinkd a enm|.mi.y in the
Thej^eryed in the S-rlhC
i,,enfil U.n'imii,-. un-ler i',.l. lame* Heid,
Ther
a Congregation sliit, wosordaiucd in
i
was
A company of
and Cambridge.
tbe ormy.
of this period.
to
by Eider lleiijiu.in
177&. nn.l dismissed in 1777. He was succeeded
Ho organised,
Baudall. the patriarch „t the Free M ill IL,p-..-< dc....m,..n....i,.
it, ihe h-nsc ol H.Jcr Joseph
the first Free tt.ll ltaj.li-1 Omre!. in Auiciic-,.
hr It and ill cu-iiiiiut i pr« icbii.tr.
l"'g
Hnodov the hcurc it ii""
»„,„ ... I.... ,.»„!
t, ,1-1 .t .o,,.«»,p.ioo to 1808,
„,;,ll..l
;l
ns.'emblcd
actings ever held
jre jnisscd, pledging the towi
B
.1
.
In tho sido
the entrance of which is
c outer room is nearly twenty
til at a distance of forty or
nplorcd. Col. Thomna TMb,
ham
of 1774,
fall
i
-
.,
re,
;
In tho
,.f
]
mil.
and n
tov
being a llrilish ngent to employ linrkmeii to go to II
On tho 8th of Movembct
huild barracks for tho British soldiers.
knee
brought before them, mid compelled t., confess hi* guilt, and on 11
l"
ol
osk forgiveness and promi"
st Stephen Wentworth'
the battle of Lelin^lon no
;ht them a supply of lead and
picion
m
w fount
ri
The
lee and Ebeue*
Hon. Join. n,ilo.mT. John Me
Wmgate. Eight O
'
Ens. Ichabod Corsen, Capl,
J.
rl.iio.
McDull'ee, Capt. William Char
.,f
TibhettM, K-qrs., and Ilavid
i
Wiiinipbcngee I.ake. El as River?'
Cnchceo at r'arminglon. Cochcco River nUo lias Us -ource in this town.
There ore some curiosities in this town, one of which is a remarkable founBy sinking a smalltain of water, (iter which a port of Kiss River passes.
n writer can he ohlnined
Inouthod ve-sel ten feet or more into ihi* IV u
extremely cold ami pure. The depth of it has never been ascertained, although attempted many timei
Near tho centre of tho tow a Ttattlo Snnke Mounta
whi
^.l'itr.-n-,
r.
ll„,np.|,ire llmelle, at l'ort.umull..
N„„
in the
l.t.l
i.t.l.Li
cmmilka.
p.itriolie
!w.
wm dodieitad in October
house was built prim pally Dl U
lltniielt. and Jan.*. C, Cole, who advan
Tbo hoow
on'j
.
i
:l/anu/oriuru.—The Crst incc
the Mec'hmiicB-
>w era
Company, which
;
1834 with n Capital of *lt
besides the saw mills, vonous k
in
the blltorj of ysUHxUiB
In IH^J* a [iirsoin
in
ltnchesler Hill
(
fiiiet inifJ
s
sr \"^«
Hill)
where the early
rather, the traveller gnins
i
of
fine
Sever.il r
,i
^
"*
e
^^'^
"
B
Is
t
i,
carried
tilling of brandy, were
Tbe Mech,
degrees of success.
rrl
lowed bylbe Gonic Company,
Sturtevant took the remains. T
bet
L>. Stun
J.
!.l''S!o"o°
by
.mil
IHt',7-H.
about $'J
bell and
'
I
-ii.i
o|,i
"
I'L-'
(
...
,
1
is
t
1
*1
i,
in
"he
"t,,ie.
In o.,m.e
I
a
rhe Sfltlt'iiienls. no.l
tb, ll,.l.ert>, oflto'
usually been givcu, n
"n'.iol.iy
have
up
(mill
"
At Oouic
lion.
N
'
t,
n
-
«nh
a_l urge
90O.0W
T
,f tiiaehurery, and
at tho
John
ho right hand
il
it
a
'
lani.i.. K
mid eurrying
^
" *" "yj**1
I
re, at
lYhitcbouoc
WA,
liouse of
of ilanuel, oiniually.
P ni
rora'of'^boe'a'or^^
fi
bnainesa-un.il, from
They have
'-'".<"'"
mil.,
,t
,
,
arsrmj
lie
.
m„l
f t.l-tnl. t-
Hiti
believed
'""I''
*ZJ«i*-ot
„,„,.„lil- to S.-:,l.,l*ll.
„„«
"v.
cornpm.y wa^ i'ncorpori.t.d us
iii'ltb.
I'lain,
In 18#C oth
seeded.
-I
pei
Mender, who was soon tbllowt
descendnrjts is derived the nnmi
towns,
in the corner of three
wand a beautiful view of scene
Fragiu
a
ilia
n
u
settlers
-j'
nn clcvaHon'onnn'd, from wbiel
view of tho White Mountains.
ISnrrinatou and Strsfl'urd, is n
g
!Lji,g along nriJgo of l.nJ
had fur years been prospt
of scythes, of cotton yarn,
Rochester village on a small
commcocud machine
wool-caraiofc
i
ST.",!!
�-
idmituunns to
church
hi'
I
nl this [.M
were
i... I,
thirl v-lhrco
married persons.
without a pastor.
tin. pr*.< nl ti
IH-ln by about silly
IP. /l-!nt S:r„l>, wns nrgiinircd in
isocialcd together and ad. .pled a cor.sliiulion.
Tlicjr hnie
uf r-iifijiortiup local prenching; in ditfirriit districts in lie
Die cburcb is ot
Thr Str mill F.
crcclcd at Coclicco Falls, where the law enforerd attendance— a law
which was repenledly enforced. There the people from the remotest purl
17'J'i,
when a church «. e-ti, blished, a
il
ll..Uit.-l'or.i gattiered
meeting house built, nnd ibis town, including S,ii,cr-w'„rlh, wns set off in
Soucrsw <>rl h. He v. James l'ikc was
a Hfpnrale parish by llie mime
iacd here till bis death (May 19,
d.cr
1730. nnd re
ordniacl
Mr. Pike's descendants now
17'JJ), "a failbful niinistcr of Christ."
reside near where their ancestor -pent so many years of u-cfulucas. Three
Id liiiryitig-gn.und,
houses of worship were successively tmilt nenr H
and Ihe plio'o wns tbo centre,,!' loi-in,-- until the w„.,llen mid c.ttou
n l ulls.
An
mnuu factories started oltirenl 1 „ II.- and S„
g the earlier
settlers wo find the names of Weniworto. It,,berts, Itollins, ['Lkc, Ycaton,
I'hilpot, t'.,rr, and Wnlliagford.
The town derives its name from
Style-,
of
J
I
the families of Itollins and Wnilingford.
rscnpe Ihe iaronds of the Int"
The people of Ibis section did 1
I, erected
in IHH7.
regularly, and have Ton
they have not a nettled pastor.
meeting' n great jmrt "f the year in the town hal
JT/ir ,l./t'"j'i'M liriviRochester village.
They have also two nil) nil Louses of worship!
*
ijiiiic
i
early as Ihe Hilb ofOclober,
t
it
Oinga
it
p.irty ol
Ciihuhr,
tin'
&W«.—
I
;
;
.
p
.
..
t
'
'alia,
mill nnd at
ed thu barns with
d ami
tnken
fifty
rill
t)
s
villat
the ho
prii
ary poastblo depredation Ibey
iclnl
0
I
H!4
trm
it
in 0
Number
lermis.
neglected
LlbroryCo.
r of
v.
0.
of volumes now, about 1000.
it;''.'.
In-
From
few
\
it
constitutes on; person a shareholder.
I>ittm :/>it.-tiiil iVtn.— lfoii. J vim I'. Hale, representative
in Congress, U.
Senator, and Minister |,. Spain, wutt born in Rochester village, ami re.id.-d liere f..i Iwciity-two years.
Hon. Kalham.l Lyli.im, n resident of Rochester from 1B02 to 1820, a
oiccfpsful merchant nnd public spirited man, was olio of the Governor's
n 1811-12, and u representative in Congress- for three terms, from
1617 to 1828.
//on. David Barktr, Jr., woa
nnd resided here till
lie W
llll dentil, April 1, 1886.
1
Co»(
He win a Inwver of fine lalcnts.
to 182!).
some ,-clehrilv, resided bore from
//on. Jamn i:.',-,-v,i-., 0 physici
dcntli. in I Will,
lienor! n Hepre.cnloli 1 c
1H1H till bin
Senator in Iho
Slate Legislature, nnd 11 Itcpre-cnlaiive in Congress, 1837-0.
Hon Jacob II file, Ibo present Representative in Congress of the First
District, la a native of and resident in Ibis low D,
lie has been n member
of the Legislature and II. S. Marshal |,, r Now Hoinpshirc, and baa bold
various other political offices of honor.
Rco, Thomat C. Upham. D. D. n professor in Dowdoin Collcgo for more
(ban thirty years, author of many work:., theological and philosophical,
eitenp'ively used in ibis cnoiiln is a .011 of Hot, Nathaniel l id
ilrendv
mentioned, nnd from curly childhood a resident of ihe town until bis appointment to the professorship in 182ft. From July, 18211, for nearly two
years lie wns colleague pastor of the I Vtigregnti
t Church.
Junalhnn /'. Cuthing, sou of I'eter Cusliing, was born in Hoohcaler,
March 12, 1703.
By bin own industry nnd persever/ince, bo prepared
t
llartmonlb, working
rado 1
pay his
Me been
)_
1'resident of Hnmpdi
r of
y I'ollego in Virgin
ijiefultHss died April in, idou.
//on, NatXanul Q. Upham, n Judgt
Court of Judicature
from January 8, 18HH, to December 1, 1842,
l
of Hon Nntbilliiel
"
United Slater In lireul [irituin
Upham.
in ['resident I'iereo's admini:
Uied December 11, 180(1.
frantii W. Upham, LL. D.
of lion. Nathaniel Uph
He w as f.,nn. rl v I" 11 j.artner of Hon. Itober'l lUntoul
ti native of Roih.^ter.
ond is now I'rofessor of Mrnlal I'liih. uphv in Knl^er'n College, New Vork'
Hon. Noah TeKltV wns born in RocliCHter in 18(12.
Crndoated at
How loin t'ollege in 1822. Ho wna a representative in the Ugi.sluiuro
nnd in Janunrv, IKI3, was appointed a Judge of the Court ol Common
I'lens, which officv lie held nl his death September 0, 1844.
aria II'.
1 practising lawyer in Dover, was n
"' > August 18,
Judge of the Cnurl nl' Conn
1'luaa fri
1~ V., n
ive ..t H, .Chester, -a of Jereininl. II
W
it,
J
h
lo.urr.
and
meiila,
ha™ been very presThe puyuicut of five dullard
liver since
Iiti..n.
,-
in
1
"
and started
uowe
the
1,-
They cntuo
pursuit.
in
wilb
fled,
Coclicco and olber neighboring settle
to
band of one hundred and
n
men Were immedinlely rais.nl
up with Ibe enemy on Waster's
liriv
An interBrook, in the town of Her wick, where 11 score battle eusued.
esting story is l.dd of this engagement, which wc will give.
While pursuing the enemy Ihe l-lnglish passed a house owned by Thomas
Tongaod (now in possession of Dnniel Wentworth, Berwick). Toogood
the party nnd during ihe hglil was taken prisoner by an Indian.
joined
Alter inquiring hiri nr.ito- Ibe Indiun proceeded to prejaire -Irings to secure
,ing Ibis Taog
.-milcln il his gun and r, trcatiiiy gradually,
I
aeping
-.
1
gun pointed at him, dccland be would lire i( bo made any
mid frighten the others on the oilier side of the Stream. Tho
o redress but to stand and shout alter him by tho noma of
'o-gootl!" Toog
sntVI)
si nped, bill relumed to his bouse to
,
I
)'
slain,
liin.ri
uml
1'iilLs
his
After this Ihe surrivioE
dwelling in flntnes.
nunc
sc[.nrated,
to
tho
toCo-
foi
I
,
;
Hon.
11',,..,/™,.,,,
Tl\«.<!"f< C.
lawyer
Sell,
Mill
In,
>
J'
l.i
,',,(.
:,gi
in
I
ll,,.
-Ilg,,.-!
I
ram
and
Siful
f
;
From December
Som era wo rlh.
Salmon
I
I
H. Kdi/crhj, is the present Judge of IVohato for Strnlfortl
which ulnce be was appoialvd in tlctober, 1800.
1'.
117,, (.'1,01., n rej, resmt, iiive in the
gistn are, and a member
10
I
,
t
1.
urged
v
wns n part of
town, is buill on the
mile a
lianl,
1.
i-
1
i
18f.ii.
3384,
SOMERS WOJRT1I.
That part of StralT. rd County Hint nnw bears the name or Sotnersworlh
wns aettled some lime alter IVnldr-.n began Ihe selHemeiit nt Cocecho
Lower Falls |H'.|ii|. probably at,„ut ihe ycur H-7U, tit it near Huinphrey's
(now Ilussey's) I'ond. 'i he people gradually pushed Jurtlier and iurllicr
into Ihe wilderness.
The Heard family had commenced a clearing nnd
built a garrison northweM of Vnrney's (now Uarnsun] Hill.
(Jtbero found
their way still furtlur int.. Ihe uarili ol [b.vcr, seldom g..ing beyond two
or three miles (null
garii
h.,u..e, t.. which they could lly in timu of
[,eril.
About H'.To a familj s. r-lel two miles aurlh of Salmon Falls, on
the Indigo Hill Head, and tradition snu they built a garr-laOD.
During Ihe earlier Indiau wars. Suoi«rs«orih eiparieuced very little of
ihe desolaiing elTccts that bcroil her mhor njurc populous nc.gbbori.
Tho
Indians roamed tbc country in small bands, and on their wav to some
larger community, ofleu nllackcd the lonely
* lying i
track.
Ooorge nnd Martin Riokor, Jubct Oat
Fbeneicr Howus, a Quaker, living on Indigo
himself
arm
cfusrd to
or i««k
prolaciion
pr
a thoi
ItOL LIXSFOItD.
limits of Itollinsford
was
settled
He
1
7i
m
11
1
111
I
1
v
in
.[
!(::
„'
I
!
id uri-t inill
11
"inoienced a rival sett
years iho solllers from these purti travelled the roug
Dover Neck on thu SubbntU, until 1713, when a
|
t
the
fnlla,
tr Uolllns-
;
(
1
1
,
1,',
id b'ght
Somersworth was divided July
0. 1751, it
l,,r
iu,.rc
Among
(Ik-
ih,.r,u,gl,
men
a
of tbc Legislaluro, and
1
:
Prior to 1821, Ibo territory now iucluded in the towns of Barring ton and
was known as the town of Barriugion, said town being twelve
by sis and a half wide.
Strafford,
tnilci long
iiiccrj ..rate
(In-
I
iolcotly largo, nnd dissatis faction arising from
mentioned year, tbo northerly port was set off,
town „f Strafford.
Stat
Its 0
Ther
„..
parallel to
.
In
each other.
Among tbc earliest settlers wore tbo Otiscs, Benrs, Fosses, Ilayses,
ffiukloys, Cnvernos, and Perkinses, from whom many of our most
enterergctic citiicns bovo descended
_
this
nn active part in the public bu-ine-s of
were Hon. John Wenlwurlh, Hun Irlmbod Itollins
Dr .Moses C-irr (lor many years town clerk). Lieutenant Vctan, Joshua
lioluri-, '[hoin.is stuckpole, Richard Pbilpot
ond their beloved pastor
of tbo French nnd Indian ware lo Ihe opening of
;
the Fosses and Berrys bo-
The Free Will l) ,pti-t Society has four churches in a flourishing condiwhoso pulpit- „ rc snppii,
v four settled pastors.
Austin Academy, locaiod at SlratTord Centre, Is a. nourishing institution.
Bow Lake is situated in the S. W. part of the town, and is one of Now
tion,
at that time,
1
it
llefore business began to centre nl Great Falls (ho people of Somersworth
attended clinch at Poll inr-fard Junction.
It, is.'.". Hi.pioneer preacher of
Great Falls, Rev. Kleiner Sleele. a Met! bst divine stalioncd nt Dovcr.
L'pper Factory, preached the lir-t termoti to a small audience.
The High
St. M. B. church was built in IHJ7. and remodelled in
The Main St.
M. E. oliureh in IS02. The Congregational Society was formed in 1S^7.
Tho Free Will Hapii-ts or L- mized in ISJS, ai
,iil
an edifice in 1H:1II.
The Baptist society orgatn/ed and bail a c hurcli in 1803. St. MiehaePs
(Call,, d.i; cl.ur.h chine w.s creeled in IW18 at a cost of $21,000.
Wo cannot close Ibis sketch nilhuul saying. Ibnt daring ibe dark hours
of Ihe Rebellion, wo found Somersworth i„i„ in the n„,l-t of danger. Mnuy
a fother, husband, and son came not. Willi Ibcir comrudes, nt ibe close of
the war. As wo look back over Ibe last two centuries, we caui.nl help exclaiming
We all fulbl uur mission and Ibeu pass away. The dust of tbc
oititen and iho soldier, Ihe rich ond the poor, shall mingle together, and
fulure geuer,iti3us .-hall pa-., thoughtlessly over their graves,
0
accnnl. see history of Uollinsford,
I.
by
,
fc
For n
1848,
SiroffordliesN. W. from Dover 1& miles; P.. N K. from Concord 26 miles.
ll cuotains some
f the tric-i agru ultnr.il lands in Ibe State, especially
in Ili-it part sooth of the [due llillf, which rxued Ibtougb tho town from
N. H to S. W., dividing the town ocarly iu Ibo middle.
lis wheat, oorn, and graiing lands are unsurpassed by any towns in this
lu 1772 a new meeling In. use was ordered to be built, and _ .„
appointed "to see to ye HuiMing Thereof."
(The render must bear it in
mind Hint ibo meeting house, the
training lot " and the centre of business, was by the graveyard near ihe prcscul location of Holliusford junc-
work.)
Ibe [own
3,
Itollinsford taken Iron, Ihe southern part.
and
mm
tion.
All,., it
nt their little
STRAFFORD.
nnd consequently wai
1 taken by the same band that cipturcl the family of John Hatiso
ui-Marsb. in Dover, and the fu.l..« 1U g <un,uicr \] r llautoo rcdei
family, lugcibcr with Mr Downs.
ictucrswortli parish
created December 10, 1729, and iocorpoi
wn by an act of tbo Usuarnl Aasembly at Portsmouth, Apri
1764.
Before this it
of Dot
:
territory included in the present
I
;
fo
refused
ibair desires,
birgos
Mi,s„n niel tinrge-.
;
pnpulaiinn of iho
1776, nearly the
meeling house, end "voted that twenty men iiami diately march from town
to meet tie enemy, nnd those win, shall go .-ball have wages."
Wo Can
imagine those tiveutj brave rrllows gathered on the " training lot," with
tearful eyes, bidding their friends adieu, and we follow them with our
mind's eye over the winding roads— through Dover, through Durham, New
Market nud Eieler— nnd we see others grasping the musket and joining
tbc ranks until it had swelled to hundreds, ami we lose sight of them as
they disappear in the smoke of Ibe battle.
Afterwards the town voted ten
dollars bounty
again, w out v dollars
nnd still again, befarc Ilia close of
ibe wnr, Ihirly dollars were offered to Ibose who would enlist.
At thoss
times of contracted currency, these were very liberal sums. The town
furnished mure thai, lifty men during Ihe war.
Nothing ri or Hi recording occurred in Someisworth from the close of Iho
Revolution to 1820.
In this year Isaac Wendell came from Dover, built a
mill, and began the manufacture of cotton goods.
Three years afler iho
Great Falls Mnnufaeinrir,^ ('..nipany war. incorporated, the old mill Was
Bold, torn down, and token to punning!,.!,.
The new company under thn
direcHoo of Mr. Wendell, purchased a tract of land of Gershom Horn,
erected several new mills and con
-nied niauutneting cotton and woollen
goods.
At Ibnt lime two houses only stood on the present silo of Great
Falls.
There is a well belwecii Ibe stores of .1. [I. Clarke find Ha tea Brothers, on Market Square, that was dug by the Horn family many years before.
The manufacturing c..input,y incr.-.i-cd in 'treiigih, and nt ono limo
they owned the largc-t brotnb loll, and carpet mil! in America.
Tbo woollen
business was abandoned in 1*34. The compnriy has a copitnl stock of
l?l,ri(J(l,fltlll;
live mills will, '^.f,20 s-pimllcs. nud L'lun looms; annually
4,1124,374 pounds of cotton is consumed, 11, riliufac luring
!i,IPtl!l,(HI0 yards
shecling, thirling, drilling, and colton-tlaiiuets.
Fifty looms Tor Weaving
bags wero introduced in May IM.". turning out 'J
hug- daily. Average
number of operatives employed Ihree-tounhs icmak-l, 1MUJ; monthly
pay roll, $80,000.
A bleachcry belongs to iho company, and is run by N. W. F.arrvell, of
I.ewislou, Me.
This employ; a
Ihirly-tive hniol-, and pavs out monthly
for labor and material, over *2im(i.
'Ihe (ireat Palls Woollen Co. was incorporated in ISiill wiihac,i],',ialof$l(!0,iltll(. ihisL'o. employs 120 bands,
eight sets of mnchinei j on Ian, y -issiuicrc-, tweed-, and tint, aid? consumes
000 pounds uf clean wool daily, and pays out $:il)0(l luonthly for labor.
They have a substantial, fine-lookiiip mill. ..neb, itnlred by fifty-four feet, five
--— high, with dyc-lionsr. .store -ho use, ami cuiinling'r n building.
The Somcrsworlh Machine Co. 1
nted in IMS. will, n capital
,ally, 7l"M,
of coal and 7,1)1111,1.111(1 p<
Is
$1800. They have Ihreo
foundries, one nt Dover
nd one at Oreat Fulls. That
at Salmon Falls manufactures mostly
4000 are mnde per yenr.
Al Great Palls, mill machinery, gaa and water pipes, and nil kinds .,(
fi
o Canada and sold with a numl
night, the Indium gathered, and for pnslimc brought
,•
about $GO0,UO0.
The
Who'opposed the measures of the colonist., I„n the were usually uverpowered. At one time a vole to give n bounty of six dollars to those who
lint soan after another meeting
eulislcd, was dofeatcl, al a town meeting
was called, nnd tbc vole passed by n Inrge mojnrity. Friday April 21,
whole male
town gathered
"
1871), 41 04,
her
There are six bouses of worship in Great Falls, vis: two Methodist
Episcopal, one Congregational, one Free Will Baptist, one Baplist, and ono
was about I7o0 Hint Andrew Horn csmo from Dover and pure
tho land Where Great h alls is n..iv located, erected a bouse
near lhsent silo of the Hoston and .Main, railroad depot, and shortly afterwi
anw and grist-mill at tho falls. Those who bad explored this region
berora had returned with glowing accounts of tbc beauly of the act
anil of tho tuagniticcn.
..1
„ bill, where Ihe water dashed from lei)
ledge, down a distance of a humlred feet or more
and from its beii
In 17<17 there were four a
in it
;
to his orchards, c. ii h Inn,
,
go 1.-, v, • h i-.-hl , in w.- .1 ng
The sons uf
Hollinslord occupy promiuetil positions nl Imnic and abroad.
Wo find
them at Ihe bar, on Ihe bench, and in our ciecutive halls, bul wc will not
culogiic tho living, wo will leave thai for the pen of sumo future historian.
It
186t>, 30f)0,
;
Somerswoilh was found ready, nnd
;
!
i
properly Enforced."
iog, Mi
votc wa, taken to "sec ifyo town will Join Itonuck in lluilding
iag in repair a Cart Itridge nl ye great falls."
is,
ltiill, -'171,
followed,
,
hai
was voted "yt yo Solcot-moS Shall h
their Service, as Select-men ye Present year,
•uiaiher lime "yt a man Should l, t appointed to See yt
ye ilea
1SI1II. 2IVIII,
L'l
J
ng 32,00(1 spindles ami '.im M
Uoll,i,-l -iM, though
„s.
n small town, sian-is big), in tin.- scale ol agric ullurc, ami ranks nmong Ihe
best fruit-growing towns in Ihe Stale.
The bite Samuel Wentworth wns
bouse May
hngs I. .eh
11 IX.
17!HI, 2>v,7,
ism,
111
.
H
»
the
177.',,
1:1-
mill of n
I"
Ibetl
Jama
//on. .V.
10, 17Q4, to July 8, 1840, RoUtotford
Falls, the only village in the
I.
.lify
Hon.
County,
ti/
fotniiy
of n dug. closed Ihe door, and falling
his buck, ptneed bis feet against il.
The Indiana tired several shots at Iho
dour but railed lo hit him
thus ihe occupants of Ihe houao were aaved.
ir
Like the
i,
ght Mnjur
sard (
I'"
Heard nnd a
by Ibo bark
1.
,,,
eallliy
Snn
Adnnis
1
1
I
Ha
naa killed.
.,
Main
llucli^j.ort.
Speiikir ol" lb" Maine llou-e id' Kepie enintiv
is also
uf J. II.
IVoodrono, and n unlive of Rochester.
Richard Dame was a Judge of the Court of Common Dens from 1810
to 1820.
Was n councillor 1805MO. A eennior and rnpruontotiTO in
Ibo State Legislature.
He was n member ,.f the Society or Friends,
much esteemed. Hied September 111, IH'Js, aged 72.
haac and Knh Adnmi, though ei,n,|i,dle,l to struggle wi lb many disndvantages and obslneles in .rail, lit,., have risen t.y their perseverance and
talunls to grcnl wealth,
Isaac Ailnms invented Hie fa 111.11,, Adamn printing
—
l
rogcrl...
retreated.
The next day Lieut. Roger Phi
willi twenty men to bury the bodies of bin friends, and, falling
No very
an nmhn-h, I'lnisted, his -on, and one other, were killed
imparlnnl trouble w ith the Indian-, is r, curded until the French nnd Indian
(cm l(iS?s t„ H,;i'.<, w hen Count do Kn.ntenac, Governor
war, which lusted
of Canndn, sent several parties of Kreticl, nnd Indians I., attack he defenceUue pnrly were eiigngod in that
less frontier sol ib-iacal.-, ol Ihe baghsli.
On ibe 18th of
ruble burning and ums.acre nt Hcbeneeiudy, N. Y.
me
ly.nndi
,
,
M.1I111
int.,
•
n- d, ,, „s lite, was at slake.
T w 0 delegates- John
Ihef^nberty, Ibal'w
Wentworth and lchnbod H.dlins w ere elvclid by a general town meeting,
to represent the town in the provincial •Congress" nl Exeter, and to
unite with men from olhvr towns in the Stale, in ending u delegate to tho
Philadelphia.
General Congress, then sun
ned at
Homcrsworlb was requested to raise, bv subscription or otherw ise, four pounds, as her aharo
vpen-y „f he -I.-I,
lo P
t, Iphinand buck
ofn fund to defray
who
seven
l-
high-
1
i
1
went out
Rod.
number nl...ni lilt v families. They hnve n meeling
Conra
buill recently. Rev. Mr. Welch, uf Portsmouth, Is
the officii Hog clergyman.
IN..U Hi- llnfliMli'r Academy was n prosperous
From *"7
ll bod 110 fundthe budding finally pn-n-d into oilier hands
institution,
other institutions sprang op in the neighboring towns, nnd it was suffered
The town is divided int.. Hu nt) school districts. Tha
to be disconiinnr.l.
cr.sworth Act.
They
public schools of Rochester v1II.. K are under the S
"* ilher villages
( (lie character
Roman
Tile
linuso near
-null on
they made an
In7.'i,
a popiih-us ton-n.
The til- breath of wind Ibo'. I. .To the news "f
up
the tyrannical acta of the mother country to Iho bills of Now Hampshire,
Tho
stirred tho blood of tbo hitherto ijuiel people of Somersworth.
ly lights wilb tho
colonists bad been cradled in warfare, by their run 111 1.1
,|
i,
Hampshire's most boauliful sheets of water,
ll is the great reservoir that
supplies ibe fnctcric- ,.| Hover wilb their
live power.
Slrnfford has itr. share of ibe wild ami beautiful scenery Uint eo dialing, ii sins Hie Stale uf New
lamp; hire.
Prom the tops of the Blue HillI
to the east, n fine view of the S. W. part of the Slate or Maine is
presented, while to the S. P. the o.-oan with ifa snowy -ails is disliuctly seen.
To Ibe soutb, ihe highlands of .Mas-nclius.oti., ami" Ihe Uucounuuiu ^.Mountains in Qoffstown, rise full to view.
To tho west, the Sunnpeo and KcaTsargo Mountains rear their bald
Biimuiila to the clouds, w hile to the- norlh Hint Switzerland of America,
Hie
While Mouulain region, lowering above the rest „r New England, meats
the aatoniabed vision of ihe lover ,d ihe beautiful and sublime.
��1306
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries
Digital File
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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1871 Atlas Of Strafford County New Hampshire
Description
An account of the resource
This 98 page Atlas of Strafford County New Hampshire, from 1871, contains, maps, drawings, and general information about he county and the towns and cities within. Farmington is referenced directly on pages 5, 28, 31, 33, 37, 73, and 87.
This item is a digital file and it does not exist in the physical museum collection.
FHS-RKL
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1871
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Sanford, Everts & Co
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Sanford, Everts & Co
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Digitizing sponsor: Internet Archive
Contributor: Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
atlas
book
drawing
Farmington
location
maps
Strafford County
village
-
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3d2c4246829968d26b90d6c161975f5d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documents, Papers, & Articles
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1875 Farmington High School Rank Bill
Description
An account of the resource
1875 ranking of students in the four classes at Farmington High School after seven written exams of the school year. Lists include first and last names, grade rank, and notations for low rankings from ill health.
Size: 7' x 10"
Condition: good-folded into four portions with distinctive folds and two small blotches on back which bleed through the paper slightly. In a protective paper envelope from the time.
FHS-RKL
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Farmington High School
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Farmington High School
George W. Fernald Printer Farmington, NH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1875
1895
class
Farmington High School
Fernald
Goodwin
grades
students
-
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e76d4f2c5ddba506f4976ff5efc9ef6d
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c16882a89bb1d525f89b195b2f3d4e34
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ac981d50f5f9f49eb334bfa62a66e1ee
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documents, Papers, & Articles
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1880 Graduation Exercises Farmington High School Booklet
Description
An account of the resource
A bi-fold booklet of the 1880 Graduation Exercises of the Farmington High School. The event was set for eight o' clock, Thursday July 1, 1880 at the Congregational Church in Farmington, NH. Music was planned, as well as eleven speakers, including the Salutatorian and the Valedictorian.
FHS-Kyle Leach
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Farmington High School
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Farmington High School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1880
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Donated by Lorraine Meyer 2018
administration
booklet
document
education
educator
family
Farmington High School
Farmington NH
graduates
school
students
teachers
-
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9c0542407d55806c02b143fa15270224
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Photography & Streographs
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1886 Farmington Gas Company Comes To Town-Historical Farmington By Twink Osgood
Description
An account of the resource
An article in the August, 1986 Puddledock Press, about the Farmington Gas Company coming too Farmington in 1886. The piece is a "Historical Farmington" article written by Twink Osgood relaying and reflecting on this historical news. The story reads as follows:<br /><br /><p><em>Historical Farmington.....by Twink Osgood</em></p>
<p><em>FARMINGTON GAS COMPANY</em></p>
<p><em>April 1886. The Farmington Gas Co. has been recently formed here for</em><em>the introduction of gas into our dwellings, factories, stores and upon </em><em>our streets. A portion of the pipe has been ordered, work will begin</em><em>as soon as the frost is out of the ground.</em></p>
<p><em>August 1886. After a long delay, from various causes, operations fi-</em><em>nally began upon the gas works. A large force is at work and matters</em><em>are being pushed. The plant is located at the lower end of Hancock St.,</em><em>where the Company purchases a three acre strip. The work consists of </em><em>an office, 18'X 28', and adjoining is the retort house, 20' X 22'. Both </em><em>buildings are of brick, a story and a half high. In the rear will be a </em><em>gas holder, of circular from, 3^ feet in diameter.</em></p>
<p><em>September 1886. Dr. R. B. Foss & Co.'s Store was the first to be lit</em><em>with the new gas, and attracted a great deal of attention. During the</em><em>same evening, Emerson & Garland's Drug Store and Carleton & Bennett's</em><em>Clothing Store were illuminated with gas and gave excellent satisfac-</em><br /><em> tion.</em></p>
<p><em>April 1887. Mr. Averill is now in charge of our Gas Works. He built</em><em>the Gas Works in Concord more than thirty years ago and also at Gard-</em><em>iner, Maine. For many years, he has been in charge of the works in Do-</em><em>ver, N.H. We are indeed fortunate in having the service of such a man.</em></p>
<p><em>Within the next year our street lights, to the number of sixteen, will</em><em>be changed from kerosene to gas lights, and other lights will be added </em><em>as the gas mains are extended.</em></p>
<p><em>Wood is the fuel for operating the gas works and some of</em><br /><em> supplied the necessary means to keep the Works working.</em></p>
<p><em>In the fall of 1893, gas was put in the Drew Hosiery Mill (on theof the former Mooney's Mill) and more lights are being put in to</em><em>place the old lamps.</em><em>November 12, 1987. The</em><br /><em> las Light Co. is con- *</em><em>sidering running a</em><em>pipe from near the de-</em><em>pot to their gas house </em><em>to conduct oil through instead of trucking it.</em></p>
<p><em>February 10, 1899, The </em><em>new lamp in front of </em><em>Pythian Hall was piped </em><em>for gas this week. <br /></em></p>
<p><em>In the fall of 1903, a </em><em>change in the manu-facture of gas took </em><em>place. The Gas Co. </em><em>purchased gas generators </em><em>for making acetylene gas. These generators </em><em>were set up and after (continued next page)<br /><br /></em></p>
<p><em>Farmington Gas Co., continued</em></p>
<p><em>some arrangements were made at the plant, the making of new gas was be-</em><em>gun. Anyone using the new gas had to buy a new burner as the old ones </em><em>could not be used.</em></p>
<p><em>January 22, 190^. The Cloutman Electric Plant furnished its first e-</em><em>lectricity this week for use in the Cloutman factory and for lighting .</em><em>As late as April 190^, a new gas light was placed on the drinking foun-</em><em>tain on the Square.</em></p>
<p><em>Because of its convenience, efficiency and costs of electricity, the </em><em>use of gas came to be used less and less. In the spring of 1908, the</em><em>Farmington Gas Light Company wnet into recievership.</em></p>
<p><em>At Osgood Pharmacy today there is evidence of the use of gas for light-ing. If you look at the metal ceiling you can see a metal plate in thecenter of which is a rubber stopper that was used to plug the gas line. The stopper is covered with many coats of paints<br /><br /><br /></em>These photos are stored together. They are from different periods of time. Last pulled together for possible use in August 1986. <br /><br />FHS-Kyle Leach</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Puddledock Press
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Puddledock Press
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1886
1886
electric
electricity
Farmington Gas Company
fuel
gas
Osgood
power