2 10 548 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/3890d77cce79088d46a721cfa3f456f0.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=bQRUvzVohnvQvPZyZiT4BhB5s5XKz2codU-Th3avxngADTEdRGJVyEHTqZiXEW9QOy99TBkfTJmbBNqlao-0o1UZqC68tKw3RGt5aRghghzoVpFte%7EWbWQWqHCRzhRyodNeeR4j3Uq-mqCZdNLYYWVv2J6mBitg2vnsnDlUlgIuMKyRSzedI3upy6QccbnzPKFZRqwYRoMdfP-pni0Sk7K1DrJZxIKwNAiAKyhlzjOLqaQFl2JxlAGzOE5VjjZDucnpcKtgpHAkvOwpMByFPQun5lkxhQ0XsD0pwXlmvEZLMRED1k83s6dOGMvyjrGuA68L-JCyllm5WXS4H7y56Yw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9a97f131e265871a4b29a52528c20011 PDF Text Text FarmingTon, N.H. 03835 mm MILTON MIDDLETON MILTON MILLS News 77K? Truf/i S / i a / / Set V O L . 13 H O . 9 UNION You BARNSTEAD GILMANTON NEW DURHAM Free Published w r y Thursday at Mechanic Street, Farmington, N.H. 03836; Second C l w Postage Paid at Farmington, N.H. 03835 D E C E M B E R 16, 1971 PRICE 154 dest r o y s T w i n Mills An explosion followed by fire destroyed the four-story brick " T w i n Mills" o n Central St., Farmington, Tuesday afternoon. T h e b l a z e h a s temporarily p u t b e t w e e n 6 0 and 65 employees o f the Davis Manufacturing C o . o u t of w o r k , b u t Mrs. R o b e r t Davis, w h o is t h e managing owner, said t h a t plans are in t h e w o r k s t o reopen. "We will pick u p t h e pieces and start again" she said. C o n t a c t e d yesterday m o r n i n g , Mrs. Davis said that plant officials w o u l d spend the d a y with insurance p e o p l e , and in hunting for available space. O n c e suitable quarters are found, a n d retooling can be accomplished, work wiU r e s u m e . She h o p e s q u a r t e r s can b e found in F a r m i n g t o n , so t h a t work can begin within a week o r two Mrs. Davis has been operating the w o o d heel s h o p about a year ago. No serious injury was reported during t h e 5 hour blaze by over a h u n d r e d mutual aid firemen from 7 communities but Rochester Fire Chief Raymond Duhurst was rushed to the Frisbie Memorial Hospital and treated t o r smoke inhalation ana fatigue before being released that evening. The building which has been part o f the central Farmington scene since its construction in 1882 was presently being used as a w o o d heel shop. Reports have it that a short circuit o ecu red at 11 3 0 a . m . on a spraying machine for a highly inUammable laquer being operated b y Miss Joan Cardinal and that workmen believed that the small fire which began had been extinguished only t o find soon that it had broken out in both F a r m i n g t o n News has n e w owners Muiudnuck Ledger hie . winch o w n s and publishes ilie NLWS lias agreed to sell this and three o t h e r papers of the WON papers g r o u p , together with the central printing p l a n t a t Jaffrey, to Patrick H . T u r i r y a n d T h o m a s A. T u r l e y , b o t h o f P a l m e r . Mass. 'a -* i^ T h e a n n o u n c e m e n t is made j o i n t l y t o d a y b y Richard Noyes, president of M o n a d n o c k Ledger, Inc . and the new o w n e r s , w h o jre brothers The sale includes the twice-weekly Lt-DGER, the Hillsboro MLSSl.NCER. the Kmninjjton MWS and the Piltsficld NLWS It docs not include she Salem O B S I . R V I R . ncssssi member ill ilie g r o u p N i n e s will c o n t i n u e as editor and publisher ol ilie newspaper Firemen difficulty hoses aftarnoon which was containad basically in the 3rd and 4 t h floors o f the b r i c k structure. F a r m i n g t o n Fire Chief Robert R l c k e r waa on the scene j i S J K M I . Tin. n o t n w n u s will continue to direct the operation* o f the fire fighting Tuesday afternoon when flames followed an explosion at T w i n to publish the scveial papers which have changed h a n d s , and Mills destroying the 4 story brick f a c t o r y . l o n p c i j i c ilit c c i i i u l p i n n u l e pi Ji) I i n l l i i p r o d u c t i o n ol l l k s c newspapers and m IK I p u b l i c a t i o n s now heme, p i n n e d here As sole owners and opcratinj: officers of similar, though larger. f •• > , {Continued on page 6 ) Postal Service Window service at the Farmington Post Office will be extended Saturday, Dec 18 for t h e convenience of postal customers. Windows will open at 8 00 ajn. a n d close at 4 3 0 p j n . According to Robert E. Lefavour Postmaster INES **** T h e Executive board of t h e Fish a n d Game Club of Farmington will a n n o u n c e t h e d a t e s o o n of the annual b a n q u e t in April. Whist parties t a k e over! TASKER'S WELL CO. WE NEE0 YOUR BUSINESS OUR BUSINESS IS GOING IN THE HOLE Northwood, Naw Hampshire 942-35S1 Established 1947 T h e r e ' s a lucky scat drawing for a free ticket the following w e e k . Also there are prizes and a pool for the highest scorer. Mabel Amsden, Chairman asks, "What m o r e could one ask for than t h r e e hours of relaxing fun and a small donation to help the Bottleers Bottle C l u b . " She extends an invitation t o " c o m e on d o w n and join all of us from Sanford, Somcrsworth, Dover, Rochester, Conic, Barrington and F a r m i n g t o n . " Sunset Mattress FACTORY OSSIPEE, N.H. 03864 PHONE 639-6256 "I'D L I K E A " — Santa is going to be a busy man when he comes to town on Christmas eve. He has gathered a lot of lists o f things which have been wished while in town during recent trips This y o u n g lady is one of over a thousand youngsters of the Davidson Rubber Co , family w h o placed orders to be filled f r o m Santa's N o r t h Pole workshop for delivery on Christmas eve. The Davidson party was held at the F a r m i n g t o n High School auditorium Sunday afternoon between 2 a n d 4 p . m . , with over 2,000 employees and their families in attendance. Huckins photo R Eighty five feet up - on Central Square this fire fighting apparatus directed a Jet of water into the heart of the Twin Mills blaze Tuesday afternoon A defective hydraulic line forced it to leave late in the day to be replaced by a unit from Porstmouth. (Won't News photo) Hayride has full house for Danny McDonald The Granite State Hayride performed to a nearly full house Sunday evening at the Farmington Town Hall during a 4 hour benefit show to aid the family of Danny McDonald, who was 12 years old that night and recuperating from a recent $50,000 kidney transplant Over $1,000 was added to his fund Each of a dozen country singing acts donated their services and the entire proceeds were turned over to Danny's cause Gubernatorial hopeful Meldrtm T h o m s o n of Orford was a surprise guest at Danny's party When invited by producer Don West to address the crowds of over 500 the Orford candidate explained his deep pride in a people who would put themselves out so unselfishly to help another " I t ' s really a great, wonderful, thing you people have done for Danny" Thomson said, things like this reafirm a man's faith in people About 2,000 years ago the man, our Savior gave his life that we might learn to love and to give Tonight we can share our spirit of Christmas by giving for Danny more than we have yet done By our giving we can say to all the world that America is not sick - America is alive, healthy, and determined to give so that all of the Dannies in America can have a better life Let us by our good deeds, in this great effort show thai we want America to be a better land for all children than wc found when we came here " Thanking the crowd for their generosity, Thomson left the stage amidst thunderous applause and pocketbooks were opened in addition to the admission charge pegged for Danny Dann)'s mother was held speechless by the event simph saying. "What can we sav but T H A N K S " This means so vcr\ much " And Oamiv well h e sat in the front row beaming with pleasure over the evening's hilling A snowblower which was M r . Clifford is m u c h b e t t e r a n d m a y b e outside In a few d a y s . Mrs. Blanche B u r a o a n d Mr. a n d Mrs. Charles B u m p of Kingston, N.H., Mr. Bruno's t w o n i e c e s Mrs. Doris Peterson a n d Mrs. Mamie Currier of East Rochester were recent visitors. Mr. Burno received m a n y cards f r o m m e m b e r s of t h e Fish a n d Game Club of t h e Wild Life World. " I f y o u h a p p e n t o be walking down Hanson Street in Rochester by t h e Old American Legion Home s o m e Wednesday night, you'll n o d o u b t hear gay c h a t t e r and laughter coming from wi t h in, " says Mabel Amsden. Every week at 7 3 0 sharp m a n y people gather to play K i t t y Bid. The re 's free coffee all evening and lunch and sometimes even homemade doughnuts. sections 6f the upper story of the building. The fire was brought under control at about 4 0 0 pan., under the direction of Fire Chief Robert Ricker but burning continued between the brick partitions well into the night. The All O u t was sounded at 2 00 a j n . Wednesday No estimate of the loss was known at press time but it was felt that the building was damaged beyond repair with the two upper floors nearly completely gutted and water damage so severe below that it appeared unlikely that repairs would be practical. The budding, which until late years housed a shoe manufacturing plant, held employment for several hundred persons during its peak. It was vacant until the Davises purchased it 3 years ago since 1957 w h e n the H.O. Rondeau Co., closed its doors. Mutual aid fire department teams from Farmington, Middleton, Milton, Rochester, Somersworth, Dover, New Durham and Portsmouth merged on the scene and a dozen streams of water played on the fire from hydrants and the Cocheco River BEAUMAC SPORTS CENTER ski doo Sales Service Acem Rt. 28 Epsom, N.H 736-8241 raffled off by an Exeter firmi Iwas awarded during the evening Increasing t h e $2,000. fund by about Meldrim Thomson Jr . announced candidate for I governor left the stage to thunderous applause d u r i n g fund raising Granite State Hayride at the F a r m i n g t o n Town Hall Sunday evening Thomson expressed his great pride in Hayde producers D o n West and Rose Lee and to the p e r f o r m e r ; and the Farmington Police Association who s p o n s o r e d the benefit show to help defray the costs of a 4 5 0 OCC kidney transplant operation for 12 year old D a n n y M c D o n a l d of R a y m o n d who was in the audience " L e t u i by our good deeds in this great effort s h o w m a we want America to be a better land for all c h i l d r e n Thomson said as h i s plugged for contributions f o r w a i r the cause " Recording artist Don West Hayride produce' introduced the gubernatorial candidate during the Hayride and told the a u d i e n c e that he w a s s u p p o r t i n g Thomson's bid "all o u t " by offering h i s s e r v i c e s M a s t - ' of Ceremonies Don M c F a r l a n d o f W D N H F M r a d i o a l s o on stage (Won i N e w s p h o t o by Fred Move*' Night of miracles Sundae ( " 0 0 t h e S, n, > ii I Baptist i Park Si p r e s e n i i) I ( Jill II ! S i f IV'. Mirac les i-s I,.In Hi.HP u n d e r l In ,• d l t l . t l " Westgard M-s R . (ifl'IC'l organist .md M H o l l o w a s pianist Sopranos M r s Ann T i l t . " i Mrs l a m e s Mas I .irljnc Miss Barbara Oilman Mis Virginia B i s h o p a n d M r s . \ r h n p t o n W rs Altos M r s ) II ' » a r d Pea siMrs. R u t h P l j n t i and Mrs Frederick B < j i l w n Tenors Mi Onund f.luldin Mr O n •ei 1 Mrs O f d o r B . ' s d i r d V Ut-stgard i Basses M• I . Mr ( arli - M '. - '< • 1 VIM I I • K VSls The •- i i h. i dillgviU's M l , to | i i p . l i . t ll- ' jt ' 1 j ' '< s• 11• \ J . piitm>: a i . • ot t h e h i r t h o l < T h e Public is ..• l u l l s invitee Suiuijs to this Cl'dsi j s i v e n i n e ( j n t a t a l>i n i lorget t o he I h o u at " V m 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documents, Papers, & Articles Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Twin Mills Fire Article, Farmington News, Thursday, December 16th, 1971 Description An account of the resource "Fire Destroys Twin Mills" article from the Farmington News, published in Farmington, New Hampshire on Thursday, December 16th, 1971. The article reads: "An explosion followed by fire destroyed the four-story brick "Twin Mills" on Central St.. Farmington, Tuesday afternoon. The blaze has temporarily put between 60 and 65 employees of the Davis Manufacturing Co. out of work, but Mrs. Robert Davis, who Is the managing owner, said that plans are in the works to reopen. "We will pick up the pieces and start again" she said. Contacted yesterday morning, Mrs. Davis said that plant officials would spend the day with Insurance people, and in hunting for available space. Once suitable quarters are found, and retooling can be accomplished, work will resume. She hopes quarters can be found in Farmington, so that work can begin within a week or two Mrs. Davis has been operating the wood heel shop about a year ago. No serious injury was reported during the 5 hour blaze by over a hundred mutual aid firemen from 7 communities but Rochester Fire Chief Raymond Duhurst was rushed to the Frisbie Memorial Hospital and treated for smoke inhalation and fatigue before being released that evening. The building which has been part of the central Farmington scene since its construction in 1882 was presently being used as a wood heel shop. Reports have it that a short circuit occurred at 11 30 a.m. on a spraying machine for a highly inflammable laquer being operated by Miss Joan Cardinal and that workmen believed that the small fire which began had been extinguished only to find soon that it had broken out In both sections Of the upper story of the building. The fire was brought under control at about 4:00 p.m.. under the direction of Fire Chief Robert Ricker but burning continued between the brick partitions well into the night. The All Out was sounded at 2 00 a.m. Wednesday No estimate of the loss was known at press time but it was felt that the building was damaged beyond repair with the two upper floor* nearly completely gutted and water damage so severe below that It appeared unlikely that repairs would be practical. The budding, which until late years housed a shoe manufacturing plant, held employment for several hundred persons during its peak. It was vacant until the Davises purchased it 3 years ago since 1957 when the H.O. Rondeau Co.. closed Its doors. Mutual aid fire department teams from Farmington. Middleton. Milton. Rochester, Somersworth. Dover. New Durham and Portsmouth merged on the scene and a dozen streams of water played on the fire from hydrants and the Cocheco River." This is a digital file and does not exist in the physical museum collection. FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farmington News Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Farmington News Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971 articles buildings Central Street Cloutman Farmington Farmington News fire firefighters mill The Twin Mills https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/261813f5fe8ab54e872656aa5855117b.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=h0VOpfKT0Zo90x2kf7-zlWy8xwUv97g-xtUnMHd1AejWF3MsJpgQhwT-RO6NhKxkKoCaY-D547rEwvgTvswBE14j59dqlKDFVoKvT3NHJlcxonP6hpak3rCxRKSBxjtP1PLYPAXq1CGCFyYPg5KLGum90vWPRtxHYNS4G-rEBw2OS8UTmLE08JXoyLUAaj7Gi-pYabMb7EMUu-E%7Ep9LnNmna52s1%7EpJ88OrB5vhcneXUfFjt8Kq4B19hT95YW3-5XJPtikxU1RdJUJQ%7EPEmBlh4XiQ1BVxIYi90AVhIT5bxyoXKbMQaQ2fvDMMullPrS-uDu78jbcwORHceEZ8ezEQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6347a91d98e30d4f50f094102f336ece PDF Text Text By Lisa Mausolf For NH Department of Transportation July 2017 �Cover Design and Layout: Jillian Edelmann, NHDOT Cover Photo credits: Top: Farmington station, Railroad Stations in New Hampshire http://www.lightlink.com/sglap3/newhampshire/farmingtoncolpost.jpg Middle: Unidentified driver in front of Mooney’s (previously Hayes) Mill (Images of America: Farmington, 1997: 51) Bottom: John Ricker Auto Dealership, Spring Street (Images of America: Farmington, 1997: 55) Background: Bird’s Eye View of the village of Farmington, Strafford County, New Hampshire, 1877. �Table of Contents Introduction 3 Early Roads in Farmington 4 From Horse-Drawn Carriage to Horseless Carriages 6 Road Construction and Treatment 8 Frank A. Adams 10 Bridges in Farmington 10 The Hayes/South Main Street Bridge 12 The Railroad in Farmington 15 Bernardi’s Greater Show Train Wreck 16 Main Street Coasting on the “Greatest Sled on Earth” 17 ‘Mud Buggy’ Racing 19 Farmington in the 21st Century 20 Bibliography 21 Circa 1930 Postcard, Central Street, Farmington 2|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Introduction This document has been prepared as mitigation for the replacement of the historic (1924) bridge carrying South Main Street/NH Route 153 over the Cocheco River. In 2013, the bridge was determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and that its removal constituted an adverse effect to a historic resource under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. To mitigate this effect, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was executed between the New Hampshire Department of Transportation, the Federal Highway Administration and the New Hampshire State Historic Preservation Officer. This publication fulfills a stipulation in the MOA and is meant to provide educational outreach material on transportation trends in Farmington throughout the years.1 Original 1924 drawing for South Main Street (Hayes) Bridge As is the case in any community, transportation has played a major role in shaping Farmington. Lacking navigable waterways, Farmington’s transportation story has historically been dominated by roads and railroads. This document is intended to provide brief stories relating to local transportation themes. It draws heavily on historical resources, maps and especially back issues of the Farmington News which offer wonderful insight into life in the community from 1879 to 1976. 1 Copies of the New Hampshire Historic Property Documentation prepared in 2015 for the bridge - NHDOT Bridge 096/140 (NH State No. 728) are on file at the NH Department of Transportation and the NH Division of Historical Resources in Concord as well as at the Farmington Historical Society. 3|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Early Roads in Farmington Until it became a separate town on December 1, 1798, Farmington was the Northwest Parish of Rochester. The earliest roads in what is now Farmington date back to the early 18th century. In 1731 it was voted that Ten Rod Road, extending from Dover to Alton Bay, should be “cleared fit for man and horse to pass and repass.” The road was intended to be a highway over which the militia could march in the event of attacks by Native Americans. It is not known how it came to be called Ten Rod Road. Some said it was to be built ten rods wide while others believed that each abutter was to build ten rods.2 The 1816 Carrigain map (below) shows a web of trails and roads crossing what is now Farmington. The avoidance of physical impediments such as Blue Job Mountain, Chesley Mountain and Hussey Mountain resulted in a number of twists and turns. Early settlement occurred adjacent to Ten Rod Road, New Durham Ridge Road, Chestnut Hill Road and at Merrill’s Corner. “If you wonder why some of our highways have so many twists and turns and…are as crooked as a “ram’s horn”, the answer is found in the fact that the early settlers followed the course of least resistance and built roads at the least expense.” -Ned L. Parker, “Old Ways and Byways”, 1951 2 Ned L. Parker, “Old Ways and Byways”, Farmington News, January 12, 1951. A rod is 16.5 feet. 4|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Town and city atlas of the State of New Hampshire. Boston: D.H. Hurd, 1892 By 1892 the number of roadways in town had increased dramatically and a railroad had been added as well. In addition to the main village which developed in proximity to the railroad and Cocheco River, smaller villages were located at Merrill and West Farmington. 5|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �From Horse-Drawn Carriages to Horseless Carriage The “horseless carriage” was still a novelty at the turn-of-the-century. In August 1901 the Farmington News reported that the automobile of the Concord State Fair was in town and attracting considerable attention, including that of a wary work horse. A fatality was narrowly averted when the large horse was “frightened beyond control as he came in sight of the machine, although the latter was standing still”. A passing cyclist, Dr. H. P. Wheatley, was run over by the wagon behind the horse and the doctor’s wheel was destroyed.3 Two years later, in 1903, John R. Hayes became the first in town to own an automobile.4 In the late 19th century Farmington’s beautiful scenery was best enjoyed in a horse-drawn carriage traveling on a dirt road. Postcard, postmarked 1915 Picturesque scenery awaits the wayfarer in highway and byway, and it has been said by many people that nowhere in the settled parts of the country can more delightful drives be found than in Farmington. Mrs. Adelaide Cilley Waldron, 1895 3 4 Farmington News, August 23, 1901. Farmington News, May 23, 1903. 6|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �By 1916 there were at least two automobile distributors operating in Farmington. That year, you could buy a Ford Roadster for just $390. Left and Right: Advertisements from Farmington News, 1916 Below: Images of America, Farmington 1997:55 Livery stables in the downtown gave way to garages, which offered storage of vehicles as well as repair. Multiple service stations were located throughout town. For many years John Ricker operated the Cold Spring Garage facility at 85 Spring Street shown above. In 1929 an auto showroom was added to the existing garage. Although vacant, in 2017, the garage still stands. 7|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Road Construction and Treatment Roads were initially hand dug so the purchase of a steam roller by Town Meeting in 1908 gave the local highway crew a critical new tool for building country roads and repairing existing roads. The 10-ton Buffalo Pitts roller was purchased for $1,550.5 It even came in handy for hard-packing the local baseball field. The roller, coupled with the stone crusher purchased in 1914, allowed the town to build and repair its own roadways at a lower cost. The portable “Reliance” stone crusher had an opening 10 x 18”, a 30-ton bin and a 10-foot screen.6 During the 1915 season 2,400 tons of stone were crushed; much of which was used in the construction of a state road at the time. Left: Undated Advertisement for Buffalo Pitts Road Rollers; Right: Images of America: Farmington 1997: 56 Later, the question of permanent roadways also became a “hot” topic and experts debated the relative merits of concrete and macadam (compacted crushed stone). The Town appears to have used both. In 1904 the first 470 feet of concrete roadway was laid from the bandstand on Central Street to the bridge over the Cocheco River. Shortly thereafter it was extended from the bridge up Central and Tappan Streets to the bridge over Mad River. In 1906 funds were expended to construct the macadam road from the square to the Opera House. In the late 19th and early 20th century, horse drawn snow rollers were used on the village roads to roll down high snow banks and drifts.7 The town snow roller was ultimately decommissioned in 1918. On country roads, large snow plows drawn by several pairs of oxen were utilized. Each spring horse drawn street sprinklers dampened the unpaved roads in the village. In addition to keeping dust at bay, it was also believed that the sprinkling would help diminish contagions from the street including manure and horse urine that led to sickness and were detrimental to public health.8 In the early 1900s the town purchased a new Studebaker street sprinkler with a 600-gallon water tank.9 A standpipe in front of a store on South Main Street was used to fill the sprinkler.10 5 Farmington News, November 6, 1908. Farmington News, April 3, 1914. 7 Farmington News, March 17, 1916. 8 Farmington News, April 19, 1918. 9 Farmington News, May 27, 1904. 10 Farmington News, June 2, 1905. 6 8|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Left: Horse Drawn Snow Roller (University of Vermont Center for Digital Initiatives) Right: Studebaker Street Sprinkler (American City, 1913) Over time, the village area also began to see more substantial improvements including the addition of permanent concrete sidewalks. Harry F. Howard of Rochester first laid concrete walks in Farmington in 1893 and more were added each year. Concrete crosswalks on Main Street were installed in 1894. By 1906 Farmington reportedly had more miles of concrete sidewalk than many towns of its size in the vicinity. Most of the principal thoroughfares had a good concrete walk on at least one side of the street.11 This was a major improvement over the earlier wooden board sidewalks used in the village. As part of the work the grade was improved for sidewalks and street corners, giving the street a wider appearance.12 By 1922 the town of Farmington boasted six miles of concrete sidewalks and seven miles of macadam roads.13 Harry F. Howard of Rochester and his crew on Main Street Farmington News, June 8, 1906 and Images of America: Farmington 1997: 56. 11 Farmington News, June 8, 1906. Ibid. 13 Farmington News, June 30, 1922. 12 9|F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Frank A. Adams Long-time public servant Frank A. Adams (1860-1932) had a hand in many of the public road improvements made in Farmington in the early 20th century including supervising road construction. He served as a selectman for thirteen years and represented Farmington in the State Legislature in 1919 and 1925. According to his 1932 obituary, “he received several successive joint appointments from the state and town as the local highway engineer and miles of our fine roads are monuments to Frank A. Adams. In this capacity he came into a recognized standing with the state highway department and acquired many official friendships throughout the state”. Adams’ influence on the management of the town’s roads and bridges was enormous – ranging from getting the town to purchase a stone crusher for the highway department in 1914 to the updating and reconstruction of many town bridges in the years that followed. Bridges in Farmington Since the earliest days of settlement, bridges have been constructed to cross the town’s waterways including the Cocheco River, Ela River, Mad River, Rattlesnake River, Berry’s River and Dame Brook, as well as over other features such as the railroad tracks. That is, when Yankee frugality didn’t prevail. “The ancient custom of driving through a stream was so firmly embedded in our minds that it required three town meetings before a vote to build a bridge over the Cocheco near Mooney’s mill was approved by our voters.” th Early 20 century postcard view of wooden bridge over Mad River -Ned L. Parker Farmington News, 1/12/1951 10 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �As was typical, most of the original bridges were wooden. In the early 20th century there was a concerted effort, led by selectman/road agent Frank A. Adams, to replace the smaller of the wooden spans with metal culverts and the larger ones with concrete bridges in order to meet modern load requirements and save the town the expense of costly future repairs.14 In the 1924 Town Report, the Farmington Selectmen wrote, “A few years ago we had thirty-one wooden bridges in town. Today we have twenty, and there is likely to be one less any minute. We refer to what is know[n] as the Hayes bridge. This bridge has to be looked over every week and strengthened with additional props and new plank.”15 At Town Meeting in March, local residents endorsed the replacement of the wooden bridge with a new permanent concrete structure. Ninety-three years later, in 2017, the Hayes Bridge carrying South Main Street over the Cocheco River is once again being replaced. Additional bridge replacements have occurred throughout town. In 1926 the wooden bridge carrying Spring Street over the Cocheco River was replaced by a concrete deck girder bridge. In 1947 the Queen Post wooden truss bridge over the Mad River at High Street met a similar fate. Spring Street Bridge over the Cocheco, 2017 As of 2017 Farmington has eighteen bridges. With the replacement of the Hayes Bridge which carries South Main Street over the Cocheco River, fifteen of these bridges have been constructed or substantially rehabbed since 1980. That will leave only three out of eighteen bridges that are more than fifty years old. Not including the Hayes Bridge, the oldest existing bridge is currently the Spring Street/Cocheco River Bridge (1926), followed by the High Street/Mad River bridge (now Flagstone Avenue, 1947) which has been permanently closed. High Street/Flagstone Ave. bridge in 2017 (closed to traffic) 14 15 Farmington News, March 5, 1920. Annual Report of the Town of Farmington, N.H., 1924, p. 7. 11 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �The Hayes/South Main Street Bridge A bridge on South Main Street over the Cocheco River was first completed in 1811. Prior to this, the river was forded. It became known as the Hayes Bridge due to its proximity to the sawmill of William W. Hayes. In the 19th century a canal was located to the east of the river, providing water power to Hayes’ lumber factory that stood northeast of the bridge. The canal was later filled in and there is no evidence of it today other than the name of the adjacent street (Canal Street). View of Wooden Main Street Bridge over Cocheco River, looking southeast in 1877. Note canal paralleling river and leading to William Hayes Mill Bird’s Eye View of the village of Farmington, Strafford County, New Hampshire, 1877. Town Reports indicate that the wooden bridge was in need of replacement for many years and in 1921 a temporary wooden replacement had to be erected after the older bridge gave way. A new concrete bridge was erected in 1924. By this time Mooney’s Mill was operating on the site of the former Hayes Mill. As of 2017, the concrete bridge is the oldest bridge in town that has not been substantially rebuilt. It sits on stone abutments from the older wooden span that were faced with concrete. The 1924 Hayes Bridge is of interest as one of the earlier designs of noted NH Highway Department engineer Harold Langley (1896-1991) who worked for the department for more than forty years. The bridge was constructed by the Ames Construction Company of Somersworth at a cost of about $9,000, with 25% of the cost being met by the State. 12 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Technically speaking, the 1924 Hayes Bridge is a representative example of an I-Beam bridge with concrete encased steel I-beams and a concrete deck. The choice of concrete and steel was a marked improvement in terms of the difficulties of maintaining wooden bridges and also had the benefit of reducing the potential fire hazard, especially associated with a wooden bridge near a large woodworking factory. The practice of encasing steel I-beams in concrete for the purpose of bridge construction was used to a limited degree in New Hampshire beginning about 1915. After the 1920s, steel I-beams were replaced by rolled steel I-beams that were more cost effective as they required no assembly. Concrete encased steel I-beams were still used in special situations into the late 1930s but the use of rolled steel Ibeams without concrete encasement became the norm for bridge construction during the 1930s and after World War II. Portion of Original 1924 Drawing for Bridge showing beams encased in concrete Source: NHDOT The use of an open concrete rail is a decorative detail that distinguishes this bridge from other concrete bridges of its era. 13 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �In October 1924, the Farmington News reported that work on the bridge was coming along: “The progress is slow, especially from the fact that only one half of the bridge can be under construction at a time, thus allowing the other half to be open for traffic”.16 By December, “The Main street bridge, which has been partly open for transportation, waiting for the cement to dry, is now, ready for use, the timbers having been removed this week. There is still asphalt to be placed on the road bed and a little more work of a minor nature to be done to the bridge which will be postponed until spring, owing to the atmospheric conditions.”17 Hayes Bridge, 2015 Hayes Bridge Date of Construction: 1924 Bridge Type: I-Beam with Concrete Deck Designer: Harold Langley, NH Highway Dept. Total Bridge Length: 48.0 feet Number of Spans: 2 x 21’ 6” Total Bridge Width: 40.5 feet Right Curb Sidewalk Width: 40.5 feet Quantity of structural steel: 18,000 lbs. Although the bridge was now sound, the Cocheco River passing underneath it continued to be a problem for many years due to its limited channel capacity. It overflowed periodically, flooding the center of Farmington. The flood damage was especially serious in March 1936 and May 1954. In 1956 and 1959 the Army Corps of Engineers initiated projects to increase the channel capacity of the river. The 1959 project included the construction of about 3,000 feet of earthfill levee along the north branch of the river, west of the bridge. In 1964 and in the early 1980s there was again significant flood damage despite the efforts to widen and deepen the river. The levee had to be repaired after heavy flooding in 1984 and stone slope protection was placed along eroded areas. Thanks to continued maintenance, there has not been any significant flooding damage since 1985. After more than ninety years of use, the bridge was in poor condition with extensive spalling and exposed and deteriorated re-bars. It was added to the State Red List in 2004. Construction of a new bridge will be completed in 2018. Quantity of reinforcing steel: 15,150 lbs. 16 17 Farmington News, October 24, 1924. Ibid, December 12, 1924. 14 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �The Railroad in Farmington Farmington Depot (circled) from the 1877 map Today, there are few remnants of the railroad that changed life in Farmington beginning in 1849. Route 11 runs where the main line once was. Between 1849 and 1851 the 29-mile long Cocheco Railroad was constructed from Dover, through Rochester, and on to Alton Bay where the funds ran out and construction stopped. It was extended to Laconia in 1890. The rail line was reorganized as the Dover & Winnipiseogee Railroad in 1862 and later became part of the Boston and Maine (B & M) Railroad. Route of the Cocheco Railroad B&M Bulletin, Summer 1977 Farmington Depot, c. 1915 Walker Transportation Collection, Beverly Historical Society, Beverly, MA In Farmington the main depot was located west of the village at the south end of Tappan Street (near the present Rite Aid) and there was also a freight house, yard and turntable. A small flag stop operated out of a farmhouse at Walker’s Crossing to the south, near the Farmington-Rochester town line. The railroad enabled local residents to more easily move farm produce, bolstered the prominence of the village and was critical to the success of the local shoe industry. In 1881, Farmington manufacturers produced about 1.5 million pairs of shoes, valued at two million dollars. All were shipped by rail. 15 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �When the B & M Railroad ceased operating in the mid-20th century, the rail alignment was converted to a combination of roadway and trail. The rail line west of Farmington to Alton Bay was closed in 1941 and abandoned the following year as was the section from just north of Dover to Gonic. Remaining track was used as freight spurs serving Davidson Rubber in Farmington. In 1993 Guilford (successor to the B & M) sold the Farmington line and the little traffic that remained ceased in 1995. The line was dismantled, rails and ties were salvaged for reuse and the right-of-way was sold to the State of New Hampshire.18 Bernardi’s Greater Show Fatal Train Wreck On July 22, 1928 Farmington experienced a terrible tragedy on its rails. Six individuals were killed when a circus train carrying the performers and equipment of “Bernardi’s Greater Show” derailed near where the southbound tracks crossed Meeting House Hill Road. The twenty-car train was carrying 368 people from Lakeport, New Hampshire to Gloucester, Massachusetts when the crash occurred in rainy conditions. All of those killed were laborers of the traveling troupe.19 Train Crash in Farmington, 1928 Leslie Jones Collection, Boston Public Library 18 19 Robert M. Lindsell, The Rail Lines of Northern New England. Pepperell, Mass.: Branch Line Press, 2000. New York Times, July 22, 1928. 16 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Main Street Coasting on the “Greatest Sled on Earth” Uncle Sam Sled The most unusual transportation story in Farmington history involves the use of Main Street not by horses or automobiles but by a sled known as “Uncle Sam”. Designed by local resident Hervey Pearl, and constructed in 1894, the three-section sled weighed 1,500 pounds and was 77 feet long. The sled was constructed at B.F. Perkins carriage factory of steel and thick ash planks painted blue with gold striping.20 Pearl (1862-1945), a house painter by trade, lived at 48 Central Street. He reportedly had the sled built to win a wager that he could coast a certain distance. The double runner sled had the unchallenged reputation of being the largest and fastest such sled in the country. When winter conditions were right for coasting, the sled used the long gentle downhill slope of Main Street to good advantage. COASTING BY WHOLESALE Yankee ingenuity has conceived a sled on which a whole town can enjoy a good old-fashioned ride. The affair goes with railroad speed and those who have tried both declare that it “beats tobogganing at hollow.” Besides, no one has to wait for a turn. Star Tribune, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 1, 1900 (Text at right) There is plenty of room for all. From the hill at North Main Street, the course ran across Central Square, over the South Main Street bridge and along the road of lessening grade for at least a mile. Accounts vary widely on the sled’s capacity which was reported to be anywhere from seventy to 110 people. The speed the sled traveled ranged from 40 to 70 miles per hour depending on the load and conditions. The sled was generally steered by Hervey Pearl himself, lying face down with one or two stout men sitting on his legs to hold him flat. At the end of a run, it was hauled back up the hill by horses. One day in January 1895 a special course was arranged, the roadway was flooded with water from the hydrants.21 The next day was “Carnival Day” and schools and places of business closed. With the selectmen, school board and town residents in attendance, the sled with seventy-five passengers sped down the hill making “a noise like that of a heavy freight train, as it rushed along the icy street, safely steered by the strong builder, little flags fluttering from the head of every passenger”.22 Newspapers across the country at the turn-of-the-century included articles telling the story of the amazing sled. 20 John Nolan, “Once famous Farmington sled ‘Uncle Sam’ slides into oblivion, Foster’s, January 21, 2010. Ibid. 22 Souvenir of Farmington, New Hampshire. Farmington: Farmington News Print, 1904. 21 17 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �“Uncle Sam” was still in use in the 1920s. In 1922 The Shoe and Leather Reporter, a national publication, included a photograph of Haskell & Brown Employees riding the sled and noted that it included automatic brakes and safety devices.23 An article appearing in the Boston Daily Globe in January 1922 reported that people from surrounding communities traveled nightly to Farmington for a ride on the 100-foot sled. When conditions were good, traffic on Main Street was suspended every evening with officers stationed to close off the street.24 Shoe and Leather Reporter, March 15, 1922 Between 1923 and 1935, “Uncle Sam” was not ridden in Farmington. During this period Hervey Pearl, who had moved to Union, took “Uncle Sam” to winter carnivals throughout the state including in Concord, Laconia, Manchester, and Plymouth as a carnival attraction. The rise of the automobile ultimately spelled the end of the “Uncle Sam” era. There were too many cars on Main Street and the plowing of the streets was not conducive to coasting. In 1941 Pearl sold the sled to Alton Crone of Camden, Maine. In 1973 Judd and A.J. Cameron brought the sled home to Farmington. In 2010 it was donated by the Cameron family to the New Hampshire Farm Museum in Milton.25 Left: Postcard postmarked 1924; Right: Foster’s Daily Democrat showing “Uncle Sam” at Farm Museum 23 “Haskell & Brown Employees Coast to Work”, Shoe and Leather Reporter, March 15, 1922. “Odd Items from Everywhere”, Boston Daily Globe, January 12, 1922, p. 30. 25 Foster’s Daily Democrat, May 27, 2010. 24 18 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �‘Mud-Buggy’ Racing For a few short years, just prior to World War II, Farmington was a center for an unusual automotive racing sport, held not on paved courses but on a dusty old race track. On alternating Sundays crowds of up to 1,000 from all over New England paid 35 cents admission and gathered at the half-mile track owned by the Farmington Sportsmen’s Club. Every cent taken in by the Club was turned back to the drivers, either as prizes for winning or in the form of loans for new parts. The buggies consisted of automobiles “stripped to almost skeletons”. The idea for racing the jalopies began in the Winter of 1939 with races on the ice from Alton Bay across Lake Winnipesaukee. In 1940 and 1941 the “mud buggies” were headquartered at Farmington. Races ranged from ten to forty lap races and sometimes there was also harness racing and motorcycle racing.26 Charlie Elliott of Dover ‘mud-buggy’ racing at Farmington Catamountstadium.com One of those racing at Farmington was Charlie Elliott of Dover, who would go on to become a future prominent New Hampshire promoter of stock car and super-modified car racing. The Farmington Sportsmen’s Park appears to have ceased operations after 1941. Farmington News, Sept. 26, 1941 26 Daily Boston Globe, Aug. 10, 1941; Farmington News, various issues. 19 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Farmington in the 21st Century According to the 2005 Farmington Master Plan, within the 37.5 square miles that comprise the town, there are approximately 68 miles of roads of which 30 miles are maintained by the town, 30 miles of private roads and 8 miles that are statemaintained. Of the 30 miles of municipallymaintained roads, 17 miles are paved and 13 are gravel. Roadways in Farmington range from the major arteries – NH Routes 11, 153, and 75 to eight miles of Class VI unmaintained roadways. Locally designated scenic roads include Poor Farm, River and Reservoir Roads. Rt. 11 now runs along the old railroad corridor. An inventory completed in 1998 indicated that at that time the only surviving rail-related resources in Farmington were a couple of cattle passes and a concrete slab bridge.27 The 6-mile long Farmington Recreational Rail Trail now extends from site of the former Davidson Rubber Plant (Davidson Drive) south to the intersection of Chestnut Hill Road and NH125 in Rochester. Top: River Road, 2017 Below: Rail Trail near Meetinghouse Hill Road 27 Elizabeth Hostutler, Area Form for Dover & Winnipiseogee Railroad, 1998. On file at the NH Division of Historical Resources. 20 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Bibliography Bicentennial History Committee. The History of Farmington, New Hampshire. Farmington: 1976. Bird’s Eye View of village of Farmington, 1877. Boston Daily Globe, January 12, 1922, p. 20. Davis, Bryant and Lawton. The Town Register: Farmington, Milton, Wakefield, Middleton, Brookfield, 1907-8. Augusta, Maine: Mitchell-Cony Co., Inc., 1908. Farmington Historical Society. Images of America: Farmington. Dover, NH: Arcadia Publishing, 1997. Farmington Master Plan, Farmington, NH, 2005. Farmington News, various issues, 1879-1976. “Greatest Sled on Earth Makes a Hair Raising Trip”, Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota), April 1, 1900, p. 28. Hay, Warren H. “The Cochecho Railroad”, B & M Bulletin, Summer 1977. Hostutler, Elizabeth. Area Form for Dover & Winnipiseogee Railroad, 1998. On file at the NH Division of Historical Resources. Hurd, D. Hamilton, compiler. History of Rockingham and Strafford Counties, New Hampshire. Philadelphia: J.W. Lewis & Co., 1882. Hurd, D. Hamilton. Town and City Atlas of the State of New Hampshire. Boston: 1892. Korn, Jerry. “’Mud-Buggy’ Racing Brings Thrill to Farmington, N.H.”, Boston Globe, Aug. 10, 1941, p. B1. Lindsell, Robert M. The Rail Lines of Northern New England. Pepperell, Mass.: Branch Line Press, 2000. Mausolf, Lisa. Inventory Form for Hayes Bridge (FAR0022), 2013. On file at the NH Division of Historical Resources. Mausolf, Lisa. New Hampshire Historic Documentation for NHDOT Bridge 096/140 (NH State No. 728), 2015. Mausolf, Lisa. Personal postcard collection. New Hampshire Department of Transportation. Bridge Design, Inspection Card, Drawings and reports for Bridge No. 096/140 and other bridges in Farmington. New Hampshire Department of Transportation. NHDOT Bridge Summary, March 31, 2016. Newspapers.com. Nolan, John. “Once famous Farmington sled ‘Uncle Sam’ slides into oblivion”, Foster’s, January 21, 2010. Nolan, John. “Uncle Sam sled donated to Farm Museum”, Foster’s, May 27, 2010. Rule, Rebecca. “That’s some sled”, Travels with Becky, November 10, 2010 http://islandportpress.typepad.com/travelswithbecky/2010/11/thats-some-sled.html 21 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n �Scales, John. History of Strafford County, New Hampshire and Representative Cities. Chicago: Richmond-Arnold Publishing Co., 1914. Shoe and Leather Reporter, March 15, 1922. Souvenir of Farmington, New Hampshire. Farmington: Farmington News Print, 1904. Town of Farmington, Annual Reports, various dates. “Uncle Sam is a Big Sled”, The Wichita Beacon (Wichita, Kansas), March 2, 1895, p. 6. Waldron, Mrs. Adelaide Cilley. “Farmington”, Granite Monthly, vol. XIX, No. 4, October 1895. Walker Transportation Collection. Beverly Historical Society, Beverly, Massachusetts. Photographic collection. www.CatamountStadium.com http://www.lightlink.com/sglap3/newhampshire/farmingtoncolpost.jpg Postcard, postmarked 1929 22 | F a r m i n g t o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Transportation In And About Farmington Description An account of the resource Transportation In And About Farmington. A booklet created for the Department of Transportation, July 2017, by Lisa Mausolf. This document was created as a historical record when the historic South Main Street was removed and replaced. There is a hard copy and a digital PDF file, stored on DVDR in the physical society archives. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lisa Mausolf Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 2017 animals bridges buggy carriages cars railroad roads South Main Street Bridge wagons https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/41ca2ea8590d7af866f46eff9b4107f9.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=bQqOkiySVqkuUVavgw17Wa1WMJcYSjQXtpJI8wKEiTL6By8Y%7EzQdcWhHwhjStB4NR9kxmd1y7mcHKwdn43Dojm45tDRV5u2YdF0VZQQORDv9GqoNZ8T1M5cNL9h1N6mULPSgFDbk6PsdN6VAMGIZtJusMhxrKA8x0YA4%7EMJH7z0IjGKMBeHdXxSaOIVfwT%7E1Jh%7EFBYG1bQT7Y7st9pSySHzx%7EG%7ELDbAc8A9Mk5CkoCWYqC7TDhoXLX02QRLcVHAWG7FKPj61P9DE%7EFs%7EguUy%7EwbtWnXCPKPuK8wASH1aULIzAkKh3kDJpY6Mg9o-mnw8f0e2t5zBddvQ6OruyPF8uw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 1c1f6c577f4432eb361143fd0df1f5d0 PDF Text Text July Clearance Sale THURSDAY, FRIDAY and SATURDAY July 26, 2 7 , 2 8 SILK DRESSES Train Wreck Killif Fir ' the cab' of the rear locomotive and slow traffic at 2.30 Monday morning, was looking back over the train as It Is estimated that the show surf; Psbuehed **ridan at Parmlnaton. N H-. by tbe fourth car behind tbe tender, a fered a property damage of between CARL S. THOMAS "Oat." reared on end and lashed 126,000 and $30,000. However, t h e Carreapoadenca and Item* In t&e natnre of across the roadbed, completely filling circus, train pulled out at 12.02 Mon news are cordially eolirtted. bat inch matter BEBtfAUTO'S GREATER. SHOW the cut and burying one end in the day and it was announced would at-; muft reach the office in eeaaoaable tima ta In •are DnblicatJon In the current Uaae. south gravel bank. He pulled the tempt to nil the Gloucester engage-, TBAIN SUFFEBq ACCTBEHT All Communlcatlona containing expneetosa of Bnroute to whistle for reverse and the engines ment as scheduled. opinion moat be accompanied by the signature of tha writer, and encb matter will be handled AT MEETING HOUSE CEOSSHTG and tenders slid only a few feet, Rochester it passed through "the at tba discretion of the pabUiher. memorable scene of the accident. Lost Sunday registered the'worst w h i l e the grinding, spllnberlng TRRM8 OP SUBSCRIPTION II JO m T AI X J The local police force, augmented by railroad disaster this sheet everv^ias crash, as the heavy .train tore up the t>-U> 81« Monthi 50c Three Month! outside recruits, did efficient duty In been called upon to cover. _ A t 11.31 roadbed and bore the-ill-fated mass policing a very trying situation, both standard time, the Boston «Y Maine of wood and metal Into the derailed in the way of traffic and in handling two freight locomotive special,'which midsection of the derailed train, nev er will bo forgotten. Four "human a crowd of morbidly curious that pulled out of Lakoport at 9.47, In numbered an estimated E000 people charge of Conductor ChnrlesE. [Came lives went out in the pall of tragedy from ail parts ot New England. of Dover, and bearing the .en'tiro and eight suffering victims were The rain complicated the situation equipment and moat of tho personnel thrown clear or extricated from the and tho Insistence with which the of employes and performers of B,er- wreckage during the next hour, as tremendous crowds surged the scene nardi's Greater Show, which con circus laborers, performers and train from 1 p. m. until midnight testified, cluded a week's engagement at the hands turned to the work of first The show complement of the to the graveneea of the spectacle. lake city Saturday night, met with a aid During the night railroad officials, terrible accident In "Edgerly's cut,' train was In charge of Circus Train GE0BOE E. GOODWTS UBK&K7 among whom were the trainmaster two miles south ot the local station. master 'Frank "Shanty" Cross of COSSEBSTOSE TO BE LAID The train was made up ot two loco Parlmloo, Wis., and the employes of of the Dover division, Arthur Marden, General Manager J W. Smith, FEIDAY, AUGUST 3 motives In charge of Engineers J. 0 the show were In charge of Lot Finally, the date for the laying of Willis of Boston and Irving A. Sar Superintendent O. R. Edwards, both Superintendent A. S. Twombly of the the cornerstone for the Ocorge H. gent or Amesbury, Mass., fourteen uf u horn are to be complimented on Portland division, and Master Me Goodwin library has been set for 70-foot flat steei cars, three wooden having organized the first relief from chanic Smith of Boston, together Friday afternoon. August 3, at four box cars and two coaches of the cir arming the 368 persons traveling with wrecking crews and section show Crew Foreman men, worked by tine light of engine o'clock. An auspicious program of cus and a Boston & Maine caboose on with the exercises Is being arranged by the the rear Engineer Willis wus in Calmer ran to the home of Ervllle headlights and flares. Early in the KdKerly. a quarter-mile distant, and afternoon the cause of the accident library trustees and will be given definitely determined. Tbe x t n t out a call for help from local was full publicity next week. This undertakers and doctors. Conduct link-pin in the draw-bar of No. 4 will be a date when the citizens or Camo ordered the head engine cut clrctst car dropped out a quarter-mile of Farmlngton should turn ont in loose and a quick run was matfe to north of the crossing. It was found public recognition of the generosity Place, where a man was dropped to that the draw-bar had dropped down of Mr Goodwin, and the hour has telephone for the aid of Rochester at tho time and cut tbe Ues but badVj been set with an aim toward Inter doctors and undertakers, and the en- .bounded back into the link again fering as little as possible with the Farmlnston, N. H. gln,e continued o n to Rochester to and held In place 'because the engine commerce and Industry of the lo THURSDAY and FRIDAY secure the wrecking crew which was shut off for tbe crossing and down cality JULY 26 and 27 called From Portsmouth and supple grade and tlhe cars were crowding Big Super Special mented by section bands from the tbe locomotives. The bar, however, IST MEM0B1AM Bicfcard Barthelmess in Rochester and Farmlngton sections. dropped down again In tho "cut' Mrs. Mary L. Blaisdell "THE PATENT LEATHER XH>" Undertaker Norman L. Otis of this and lodging between the ties up-end Mrs. Mary Levlna Blaisdell Adults 300 Children 15c town responded with tha first ambu- ed No. 4 car, derailing Its four fol passed away al the home ot her lanco and Undertaker R. M. Edgerly lowers. Tbe performers were riding daughter and husband, Mr and In the two rear coaches next to the JULY 28 of Rochester was the next to respond Mrs. Ell F d o u g h , on the New Dur SATURDAY and within an hour the living In caboose and were unhurt. The em Glenn Tryon in ham Ridge road, Tuesday afternoon, jured were o n their way to the Roch ployes and circus houstabouts either "HEBO. FOB A NIGHT" The deceased had been a great suf were riding along the sides of the ferer during the past year. She was Our Gang Comedy, "The Old Wallop" ester hospital, w h e r e an emergency flats or sleeping on their mats un\lex Hews Weekly Cats and Farmer ward was opened. Rochester and 71 yean old. She was born in the show wagons and this section of Children lOo FaTmlngton doctors volunteered to Stratford, the daughter of David and Adults 20o the emergency Associated Press .the train suffered the most severe Hannah (Gray) Freeman, and her representatives and newspaper re 'casualties. The Bernard! Greater entire life had been spent In Straf MONDAY ONLY JULY 30 porters were o n the scone from one Shows company maintains winter ford county, where she was > known Big Special o'clock on. and the "News" was the quarters at Richmond, Va., and Is and loved by all with whom she "GB3GAG0 AFTER MIDNIGHT' first to be recognized by those In reported to 'be financially sound, so come in contact. In early life she Hews Wekly, Comedy authority, and began the gathering it is unlikely the loss will materially united with the Baptist church and Adults 26o Children 10a of details tblrty minutes after the affect the future of the schedule. remained devotedly In the faith to The convalescent Injured at the accident. The rescue and search for the end. Those most heavily afflict Mayo Wil bodies was begun as s o o n as the In Rochester hospital are TUESDAY, ONE- DAY ONLY ed are tha husband, one daughter, jured were In the bands of physi liams. 36, foreman of flying horses SPECIAL VAUDEVILLE ACT Mrs. 1911 F. Clough; one son, Orrfn Princeton, K y , possibly fractured Blaisdell of Kolllnsford; three broth Something you havenH seen In years. cians. The first body was removed skull, serious condition. Edward from between the wreckage of the "THE TALKING DOLLS" ers, Stephen Freeman of Dover, John BlUner, 21, of St. Valley, Ky , Alof Boston and Valentino of Madbury With Chas, Franklin, Ventriloquist last derailed box car, which remained rard Love, 23, known as "Lavole," of upright, and t h e wagon debris ot a Send the Children Funeral will be bold from the home flat car ahead that was partially Petersburg, Va., C. J. Roberts, 21, News Weekly Comedy this Friday afternoon at 1.30, with turned In a warped aide position. colored, ot Tlfton, Go., James OarROT. W . D. Callendor officiating. This body some hourB later was Iden field, 36, colored, of Lewlabnrg, W. Interment will be In the Clough TUESDAY and WEDNESDAY tified as that of George Munroe, 22, Va., Sylvlo St. Leurlont, 21. of 110 Also our regular show family lot at Farmlngton cemetery colored, of Baltimore, Md. This was Canal streot, Nashua, N H., Hugh JULY 31 and AUGUST 1 the only body visible among the McNlchols. 24, of Philadelphia, Pa., Florence Vidor in wrecked cars and wagons when the Sprdngle Suit, 25, Marlon-, Va. The BAY VIEW PAVILION "DOOMSDAY" search for the dead began Only story of 9t, Laurlent, a convalescent, Aspects for a big mldseason pro "BLAKE OF SCOTLAND YARD" the shoes o n the dead man's feet patient at the Rochester hospital, gram of amusement are looming up "Alice, The Collegiate" protruded and It was plain that life appears the most valuable unofficial at Bay View Pavilion. The big suc Special Matinee for Children was extinct. County Medical Ref report. He was riding back to back cess that attended the personal ap Tuesday only. eree Dr F L. Kcay of Rochester was with a fellow employe on the end of pearance of "Miss America" and the on the scene when this body was ex a flat, following the one that up official state championship ball and tricated and viewed the remains. ended and filled the cut. When the Cinderella Pageant that recently Ho remained to portorm all other crash came he was thrown clear and have been events of culmlnatlve autopsies until the last body was bis companion was killed and burled achievement, havo placed Bay View taken from t h e wreck at 7 45 Be In tbe wreckage as the Circus wagons Pavilion in a olass by Itself, Its Did we foed you lost Sunday or t w e e n the point whore Munroe's surged forward from the abTUpt fame and popularity baa reached every corner of New England and as Monday T Wo saw so many I know body was impaled and the great steel stop of the train. He states that you must have called for a cup of an amusement resort of par excel our good Coffee and some of our won car that filled the cut and protruded most of the circus hands were asleep lence it has few It any contempor derful Muffins. What a terrible ac Into the right gravel bank was the under the wagons of tbelr outfit and aries:. Bay View Is not yet ready to cident to happen to that circus train I lialf overturned car with two demol that he was dozing. He says, furth announce its next big exploit, but We extond our sympathy in the groat ished circus wagons, then came an er,- that his section came to a quick loss ot Ufa and property and the or patrons may be assured that tho in- deal which they pasaed through jmpty flat, derailed but not upset. Us stop and he slid forward, striking torlm will be filled with a little bit AH through the night and the next contents of wagons crashed Into the something. What followed was a more than the regular Monday, day wo were open and giving our office wagon on the noxt flat, the side slower grinding, ripping noise, as Wednesday, Friday and Saturday usual quick and clean service to the of which was eurvod into the bank. the heavy train crashed o n , by Us army ot peoplo In town seeking food pictures and dance programs and the Sandwiches, Cereals, Fruit, Hot Muf Following the flat that reared and weight and momentum, into the de railed section. As this was occur Tuesday and Thursday pictures. fins, Baked Beans, Soups, Frankforts. tilled the cut came another flat bear Hamburg, Ham and Eggs, and some ing the office wagon, which remained ring he was thrown clear Al had Roast Pork, Roast Beof, Fricas partially In position. It appears though he did not know the name of see Chicken, and those wonderful that the two wagons ,wbloh were the the fellow at his back, it was quite Peculiar Way Deadly Chicken Pies. We fed tbom .all the location HunCurare Poison Works Gee! Didn't we work; but that's all rnntents of the flat following that certain, from the wreck, thatoftho ill"Curare la the deadly poison that right Had lots of help 7 You bet at the office wagon, crashed Into this roe's body in .tips tbe arrows of the South American we did! Know who? I'll toll you. latter and were toeacd upon the fated negro was St, Laurient's rid Indians," (be explorer said. "A pin Some of the best fellows we ever saw bank Here was the worst tangle of ing companion. And say, "News," I ilirlck from use of their tiny and slow am going Mr. Farmlngtonnames, that the wreck, a jumbled mass of broken Although somewhat less a day of to tell their moving blow-pipe srruws tipped with you may -thank them for responding wagons, twisted metals and a part spectacles than its predecessor, Mon curure will kill a peccary, s -Jaguar or' to. oar "SOS" and coming from their of the tent equipment of the show. day, at the scene of the wrecl^was • rutin. homes in tbe rain to open their However, at 2 10 a body later iden a day of engineering teats, and tele "Ou tbe Amnion one day uijf Tu stores to give ua supplies to feod cunut killed u monkey. The piece ot these many people. Starting with tified as that of William M. Olien- graphic dperatloo. During Sunday iimukey Unit wus served to me after S. A. Lawrence, then to Furber-Colo- Irkl 23, white, ot 2643 Orthodox night a telegraph sending and re wtirtl happened to contain 'tbe- wound. my, then to Crank's Bakery and back Avenue, Philadelphia, was recovered ceiving connection was tied in on the to B. not There It-was, tbe raised,curare-fllled forget T. Wlllson. And I must Can- from t h e mass of wreckage. Tbe re telegraph wires running beside the our "minute men," Mr wound made by the blow-pipe arrow. ney and Mr. Jones, who helped In mains were terribly mutilated. The brack and a rustic office improvised I cqt that bit sway, yon bet, but s getting our supplies, and "Joe" at location of other bodies'being a mat In tbe pine woods where the end of Tuiiinu suntshed It Up, swallowed It the telephone, who put our calls ter of mere speculation, tbe wrecker the'big steel flat tore through. The and lituglied In my face. through In great style, giving us a commenced work on the blockade stonewall served as the desk for the "'How is It,' I asked him, that run chance to prove to you our claim to and two aircus wagons that laid sets and Dover Division Trainmaster can sot wltbont barm the poison-loud give the beat in food and coffee at ed flesh of the birds and animal* tbui times and t o all comers. Come on partly an the bank and on the wreck Arthur Marden, former chief train you kill with four curare-tipped ar- down where you got the eats and a w e r e removed by use of the crane. dispatcher, was put on the job and real Cup of Coffee. On tho opinion of an employe that was one of the busiest yet most cour rowsr* AI Kneeland. Manncer. the body of one of hla "buddies" was teous officials throughout a trying "For answer—rind a very good an swer It seemed to moptue Tocanu burled in tho gravel bank, work was situation. His duties continued dur took a pinch of curare from , h!» begun and a crew o f shovelars' short ing Monday and his -instruments pouch; enoDfih to kill a duxen per ly unearthed the remains ot Regin were kept hot with official commundsons; ana rolling It Into a brill be" ald Paggett, known to the show as caUon with all division terminals. swallowed It down with bis monkey Eddie Johnson", 22, white, of One wrecking crew and the Farm meat and manioc Lynchburg, Va. Paggett may have lngton section divisions were kept • Then I understood. Curare Is • died of suffocation, as he was under ibusy all day removing the wreckage poison that mail, be -injected directly five feet of sand, loose stone add of Circus, trains and, cars strewn beInto the blood. It can.be esteb and digested with Impunity."—Springfield 'travel. His body was .not mutilat slde-theytracks, a n d . repairing the Union. , ,, e d / A t 4.20 the body of Clarence track. A l l trains were* required'to ^ l l l i a m e , colored, 25. of Charles- proceed slowly through the cut as Fbaght SlaVfholdbts town', W. Va., was taken from the the roadbed showed a tendency to The antlsUvery 'agitation com Bice Full pound pkp._?o wreck between tho debris of the of- settle hy reason of the track taUaat" menced In the United States at a very floe^w&gon and the steel car that having been so deeply disturbed by earl^ period of Its history: The Na Buffalo Peanut Batter 1 lb. pail 24c fliied, the cut. His body was con the wreck. Circus Trainmaster tional Antlsfavery,. association was' Fruit for Salad siderably' mutilated. The location Cross remained over Monday i n formed In 1833. In 1831 William Lloyd Regular GOo large can 30c ot no further bodies having been de charge of the wrecked circus pToper-' Garrison founded tbe Liberator, a 2 large cans 39c termined, and the wrecker from Con fy. Not until Wednesday' was/the weekly periodical, which;.continued Its Tomatoes ubllcatlon-uatll 1300, and which was B. dVX. Cod Fjih. Cakes 2cans25o cord having arrived, the undamaged scene of the accident entirely aban part pf|the circus train was hauled doned by the curious and not until Bvofed entirely to tbe propagation of Root.Beer Extract (Baker's) antlslavery senUment.'Associated with to • Uie".".Farmlngton station and the time shall cease to be will ftie mem•2 for 25c Mr. Garrison prsrlous'to the (Sril war - Indian, cook cafrCpUt in operation to feed the orabale .tragedy o f Edgorly's cut were' such men- as' Wendell'Thllllps, Pott Toasties Large pkg. 7o personnel of the show. Trainmaster cease to -cast its spell b t mysterious Charles Samner, Gerritt Smith, and-a CoccsutntJDnnnans Cross; , l i t Superintendent Edwards, misgivings over the. souls-who ^pass 'woman, Lncretls Mott. Two Vi lb. pkg*. 2So Special"iAgent Holland and General through It o n ttie' w a y t o andjfTam Shredded^Wheat.. Two pigs. 19o Manager Max Lln'derman, the last our r^erlessJWln.nlpesaulcee./es-ton... two'of ^wh'om were recalled" while enG£ro/F« a Tight Peaches' (Holly Brand)' route to. Gloucester, Mass., where the r. -:.y"-y,- . The entire staff of Harvard univer large can 23a show was to play this week, called Custom, cis what ms*es^ll''so*'imsity paused In Its duties for four hours $1.25 the-.roll/as completely as possible. propef;'f6r..e. man to s^pear, ln'comwhile professors. Instructors and ordl 6 lb. Can Corned Beef .nary' help, gave advice on the prob Native fowl Iamb Veal pt'tne-,368 persons with, the show*, pany^wltb^hls xSusp^dersVshowing lem of getting, a giraffe, u feet and Fresh Haddock lOo lb. ' 8' were missing. Bight were at 'the and perfectiyipmier^ot; hls'-wire to 0 Inches, tall, Into the -Institution, Ma gV around rwith her gurters'vuiible' as Sword FUS Rochester hospital and reported .a door that was only 6 feet blgb Kaokerel vafoecent, four were; identified dead the SM.—^Cincinnati Enquirer. .and 4-.fe.et wide. The slraffe, being Beet Greens Lettnoe Beets anajslxtpen did not answer to their /dead] end staffed, could Eire''no as-' Watermelons; Cantaloupes names. '^Of the tatter nutnJ>er /.oBl- ., Fussy .Old Lady—'1 wish y o u slstancb by bcn'dlns • his neck, Aftati Enid ex's Catsup cKlsfstated that possibly some^had ;»roujd;gtve.me two~good.seats In the many maneuvers fatted b'o'was'plseed on bis side and sep-sawed' In with Nation-wide Service Stores System l^ne'smead to Gloucester by autpino- coolest part o t the theatre," (he aid of 18 stoat dcad-g&tns bearers here's Vile"'brj.bail desertel since hreaJclns 7'Tfcketf Seller-^'Certainly, the" stand at Laeonia. A. downpour two in Z row."—Two Bells. ot rain set in at two o'clock and con' Sjncialix'*<l Farming Patient—"Doctor, what are- m y tinned;:into the night, and wihh "Tho onlx'tMae that Jta 'Jcnkg, tbe wrecking aid section crews-working chances?" loilcet ixftotr la twelve counties, ever Doctor—''Oh, pretty goqa, but at^bofl£ ends ]of. tojs; wreci5 . the -cat raise*," seiM* neighbor Kit Nolan. "Is w f e ' e i c o j ^ ' i n d 'trsxk repaired ""for dont -start -reading siny Ions 'eo'nfin' a hue smd cry 'wlion-AdvIsed' }o go' to' ued stories."—Nev T o r i Stcte Ld'oa. W H .— * M Md/.TIraaldaV C * $X " THE FAI^ONGTON NEWS Bgbt Sent to Hospital" was sold out, Wo: KtLyelgr.dejp&wi new supply and will agajn'pjfor this extrafine",extra size sheet at the extra low prloe of r This Offer FRIDAY, SATURDAY Only 1 STRAND; THE AT RE J Included are Silk Dresses that were priced at $5.00, $7.95 and $9.95 daring the season. Flat Crepes, Prints,' White Crepe de Chine, Col ored Honan Pongee, White Flat Crepes, fast color, sizes 16 to 44. Only a few large sizes, mostly 16 to 38. i Daring the sale you may purchase a Silk Dress at the price of a cotton street dress. Only Socfy Dresses in this sale and early shop pers will have the better selection. s~ H.W.Pray*Co. Phono 36 Successors to Box 1401 WENTWORTH'S DEPT. STORE Roohesier, N. H. , «lt'pertalnly Pays to Trad* a t Prays." DAN DANDV I RRPAh I Raisin Bread, Whole Wheat Bread, Mity Nice Doughnuts and Berwicl^QakeSi "PALS FOR YOUR* l?Al£XTE" BERGERON BAKINfi GO. i * * Rochester, N. H. ^ Look to th,e Leader fdr.jfceadership'' CORSETS CORSETS From an easy,comfortable C - B Bodlcette, up through t M h e old reliable P. N. Practical Front .Corasjt la a lone rahgo of corsets, but we have thsrri at every price and for every figure. Ned L. Parker "The Money Baqk Man" We Sell Gas 21c All The Time WEEK END SPECIALS 5 Gallons of Cas 1.00 I Quart of Oil 20c Upholstering Cleaned 50c Car Washed 1.50 Car Polished I, .00 NOX-ALL DINER We also carry a full line of Standard gas and oils, Tydol gas and Veedol oils at company's prices. Rickers' Cold Spring Garage Spring St. Farmlngton, N. H. - O n Slisplay S a l u relay .IUIY28 Here's Something All Youngsters unit Love fyo 1 •7/tf... SILVER klUINIIVKimRY BIKE, \ \\ont/irfiff Qf'ii'car -. A new gift package in colors gay containing childs-sized Silverware—a Knife, a Pork, and a Spoon—in genuine ***** CXDMMUNITY PLATE ^ t o R little folks who ace learning to eat lilus then* eMers, wtoretnfint«rcrnxw E. A. Coulet, farmlngton, N. H. , For Satisfaction S Have YourSHoe:Ri2pairin^ Done ; v j HIRAM E. WEAVER - "Portsmouth New.Hampih!re 1 •WTOX ^fcXTER ATTrOMOMlES A M BUtLT. ~ PCTC^ WTTX lTliTLP T q g K PeopjeViyiaf^et t ; TAJLmjrQToy, v. K. fr=*L ; J '.X l* s Sf* '-• •<-t r J?W>% / � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documents, Papers, & Articles Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Train Wreck Kills -1928 Farmington News Article Description An account of the resource Farmington News article Boston & Maine detailing the wreck of the train carrying the Bernardi Carnival. The train wreck killed six and injured more. Farmington News page 2, July 27, 1928. FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farmington News Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Farmington News Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1928 Boston & Maine Railroad carnival death disaster people railroads trains transportation https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/b0b25d249ba1246aecdf139361326f7e.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=Y7I82qRZTNOsN0AN7wa4XG5cmPto%7ElHTd5W0%7E4ZVKjevdx4TVNb%7Eqbj6yNnd7QMf-MQjQtmeSk5JeAwXrUda6G7qLI4JmQ8e3k3UlEQvF-zbnxRzvxEQp%7E3Mj%7ExXnx-P5ROJ8n7I34A2faMYEv%7Ea2pppFI%7E4fdSDKPa7fjb9glTbAvUxJYsjX755tNC6uSwPYJRy0isxBYFihIA5c0s-GDWC6o6EqmD7pTdX3gKeNwE4D-WdGpqppOJY%7ErwPHXXdbPAiYFdt5L5eLZClSNQ13KxXc3ob%7Eb3ivBFnLJp0lBfHE7%7EZBZkk6hc4Alv9-znJYfnqxQ%7EfjDjS%7ERPAka482Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2bd32678ecfe2bc4361b065453ae7eb7 PDF Text Text 'APRIL 2 8 , K &Z- * ^ i ^ ' ^ ^ i l i i i i r ^ ?n. , . - Carrie C « w ' « Jonnsoa Jonnsou has moved - Fr»tVrniivC^Ur^No.^»«Ko^S--'»»'; / * ' the Frank Pearl hoiwe on 1 t rfl r a ' wertfKU«»i« & < f o k n ^ ^ ~ C & * r ' »treot to'the Oeoree Harrllast T U u r ^ A ^ e f e n f i i ^ d ' T ^ ; > « i ^ JJS? hone* on •**•«• plimontary Ve^ira;i?;Vhi»r4'.o«.«n'»-'?/Alice E . 8 b a w ot Warren will pay entertainment " v m & & ^ ^ $ & $ .?> official visit to Mlnnenaba ltcDefcAll Odd Fellows ana-IUbeici'liV.'irS ajt'Lougo, N o . 1 1 , April 3 0 . Bupper reaueatod to meet a t t - 0';"0;'Fl:'£ai}. served In the banauot ttau V. next Sunday morning: a t 10£.o'clock io'^o'doclc Tit 6.30. morning at to attend services a t the Congregra-.j Chester W .Doe, superintendent ot tlonal,church In commemoration ot local schools, was In attendance at f- I annual spring conference ot I the 1 1 0 t h anniversary ot Odd F e l -the | school superintendents or the state 'lowBhlp. Mrs. Harry M . Jackson ot W o o d - at Plymouth last Saturday Mr autl Mrs. Irving T Youland 'brldge, N . J., Is In town taking charge ot the home ot her daughter] havo remuved Irom Manchester to an* husband, M r . and Mrs. Fred 1. this village and are occupying an Thayer, during their absence w i t h | apartment In the Pellotlor block on the senior class party In Washington. Orange street. Those not already aware ot the A ball to be held by Fraternal Chapter, No. 2 4 , O. E . 6., In t h e t o w n death of a former resident, Mrs. hall on Friday evening, May 2 4 , Is Marthu Harmon, at the home ot her an event being looked forward to son, Harry C Harmon, in Portland, with keen anticipation (or all lovers j Me., last month, will regret to re of good music and dancing. ceive the aad news. Eugeue Class, (or several years a The many friends ot Dr. and M r s . I Daniel Ellison of Lowell, Mass., will resident of this town, left here Mon| be grieved to hear of the death o f l " ? t-rceasburo. N C , his old their son John, aged eleven years and home, where he has purchased real estate aud expects to settle It is eight months, on A p r i l 1 6 . Many trlends regret to learn t h a t hoped t h a t ho will return occasion Maurice Gellnas and family party ally to renew Irlendshlps ot which were victims of a quite serious auto he has many accident In Saugus, Mass., last Sun' It has been reported to the day, afternoon, when returning from "News" that the cottages ot Norman Boston. Mr Gellnas' aunt received Kimball and John Stevens at Mer a fractured j a w a n d other injuries, rymeetlng Lake have been broken as a result of which she is a patient Into during the winter and theft of PERSONAL M r . and Mrs. R. B. Currier have I a t the Melrose hospital. small articles committed Apparent entertained recently the latter's sis considerable There will b e a M a y party a n d ly the culprits speul ter, Mrs. Ida Dayklns, and Dr. Henry sale of fancy articles and aprons In time In the premises tor itiey were Bitter of Springfield, Mass. the vestry of the Congregational lett In a very slovenly condition Mr. and Mrs. George Marston of church on Wednesday evening, May Owners ore investigating DEDICATION OF TOWN T T A T . T . AND Athol, Mass., were In town over the 1, at 8 o'clock, at which time t h e Clarence L . Ferkius Post, Ameri GOODWIN PUBLIC LLBBAB.Y holiday week-end and visited Mrs. rainy and sunny penny boxeB will be can Legion, will hold lis annual con MAY 10th Marston's brother and wlte, M r and brought In and opened. There will cert and b a l l in the town ball audi Final details of the program tor Mrs. Fred U. Knox, and Mr. and Mrs, be an entertainment. The ladles are torium on Tuesday evening. May 1 4 , W . JR. Stacey. requested to bring box lunches to be with Ferdinandos orchestra In at the dedication of the new u m n hall and the tendance. Mr. and Mrs. Augustus Emerson sold during the evening, This will be the first auu Irvodwln public library, w i t h a are spending a week In Manchester | donors are asked to put their names dance date in the new b a l l and with vioit troiu His Kxcelleucy, the Gov inside ot the boxes. with their daughter and husband. ibis drawing card, combined with ernor, on May l u , were completed Mrs. Nellie Earle »of Haverhill, The official spring change ot time the popularity ot the Legion and this twin lull acceptance of plans a t a JIas3., was a week-end guest of her In the passenger service department tamous orchestra, there should be no epeciui meeting ot ttie committee on parents, Mr and Mrs. Oscar Dudley.] of the Boston & Maine railroad wi)l question about tbe success ot the general arrangements, held a t tbe new library rooms Monday evening Charles Elklns, who con be In effect Sunday. April 28 and affair fined to his home several Weeks as j patrons of the local station on the Oscar A i k e n , son ot Mr and Mrs. itxe general outline of program, as to K J Aiken of Ibis tuwn, left Mon ouolisbed in tbe NewB of last is the result ot a broken leg, has been Lakeport branch are requested able to bo down town In the past note and observe tho following on day tor N e w York, w h e r e h e will sue, was leli practically intact, with and after that date. TrainB to Bos take charge of a department of the cue tzcepuou that Fred I 'I riayer, week. cuairmuu of both the town hall and Norman Hayes of Wakefield, ton week days, 6.62 a. m., 3 02 p. m U. T Grant chain store system Boston to Lakeport, Mr Alkon is a graduate ot Farm library building commliieea, will Mass., was a week-end guest of his ] Trains from 10 17 a. m., 6 37 p. m. Trains t o lngton high school and the Univer make the presentation at the town mother, Mrs. Georgia Hayes. M r and Mrs. Ralph Nedeau ot Boston, Sundays, 6 3 7 p. m. Prom sity of N e w Hampshire, In wblcb ball Instead of Kred W Browne, as 10 22 a. m. Patrons also By this hatter Boston were called -here last Friday, Boston, latter school he completed special lurmerly announced with other out of town relatives, t o | are requested t o note that beginning training that fits Mm eminently for arrangement, Mr Browne, chairman attend the funeral of Odule Marcoux. Monday, April 29. all business in the work ho Is to undertake H i s of tbe general committee, will act Mrs. Odule Marcoux Is spending a Massachusetts and some points In success will be watched with much as master of ceremonies for both oc casions and Mr Thayer will xnoke few days at Sprlnvale, Me., with her Maine will go on daylight—sajrffig Interest by many friends Tbe only other sister and husband, Mr and Mrs. time, which Is one hour ahead of Koad Agent Walter Hammond and both presentations Fred B e n o l t standard time, and be governed ac crew of workmen bavo done a very alteration was tbe excusing ot tbe of tbe local Miss Esther Adorns Is spending tier cordingly commendable piece of work on Or U'uohera and pupils in the vacation with her father in Hamll' The apprehension and conviction ange and Orovo streets this week. schools from participation ton, Mass. In Rochester last Friday night ot a The drain at the toot of Orange duty of escorting tbe governor from Miss Shirley Roberts at Spring Farmlngton' lad, whose minority sireet, which was BO badly clogged the library to the town ball, it hav field, Mass., Is In town visiting her gives him considerable immunity as to cause frequent uashouts, has ing been decided that tbe very short the two points mother, Mrs. Errol S. Hall, and fam from a publicity standpoint, no been opened, thoroughly cleaned, distance between ily doubt will set at rest much ot the bricked up and top-grated Also the would permit of no attempt a t par Miss Helen Collins of HyannlB, anxiety felt by business men, and drain along tbe foot of Grove sireet, ade and tbe escort of tbe Governor will be com Mass., was a week-end guest at the especially garage keepers In this sec which conducts tbe large volume of and tbe few officials home of Mr and Mrs. Elmer Knox tion, whose places of business have water from tbe Hayes meadow manded to Henry Wilson American band and a color guard from Clar Mrs. Isadoro Wood entertained been broken and pillaged on repeat brook has been opened and cleaned over the week-end Miss Evelyn Par ed occasions for several weeks. T h e This work should effect a gTeat Im ence L Perkins I^osl, American Le Tbe final selection by the ker ot Andover, Mass., formerly of young man was captured at a garage provement of drainage In this area. gion the local high school faculty In Rochester in the act of pilfering The civics committee of the Farm ound at the library dedication will Miss Catherine Ouay has enjoyed the place. The automobile which lngton Dedication association, wbuse \ oe America, and the final selection a recent visit from her father the offender used was searched and duty It is to cooperate \ i l t h the tow ut the town ball. T h e Star Spangled llanenr Both will be accompanied Miss Dorothy Burbank, a teacher found to contain a rather rich har olllclals In securing t b e best pusslbl twih singing and as no special prepa In Bennington, Is at borne tor a vest of pillage, and later much of aspect of the town for tbe visit ration will be required, except for brief vacation. the stolen goods collected from local the governor and t b e dedication Miss Evelyn Jones is at home for garages w a s recovered. Thus, w h a t the town hall and library on May the teachers of tbe respective gTades and schools to assemble their stu a vacation from her teaching duties for a time looked to be a successful 10. respectfully call attentlou In Proctor, V t . career In the night prowling busi property owners and request that dents In groups and to lead them In Mrs. Earle Cummlngs has been ness was brought to light before a the clearing up of winter debris b e singing these patriotic numbers. It vwis decided to ask them to assist In confined to her home by Illness for a court of Justice. started as soon a sposslble Dale It was voted further to few days. which town trucks will call for all ibis way secure the K H S orchestra to Mr. and Mrs. Howard Durgln ot This is the last issue ot the rubbish t h a i cannot bo disposed Portsmouth called In town Sunday 'News" before May first All sub with safety on tbe premises will be furnish music at the town hall dur ing the public InspecUon Exercises to visit relatives when returning scribers whose date expires on M a y published n e x t week Health Ofil first will receive expiration notices for both dedicatory ceremonies will from a fishing trip at Merrymeetlng Immediately following this Issue. cer John H Lelghton also wll lake. operate u l i b the committees and be observed in tbe open air, with weather permitting, and the pro Mr and Mrs. Jesse Slmonds and JOSEPH LUND, Tailor. Alton. town ofllcerB In having tbe town op gram will open from the library son Clifton ot East Rochester were N H. Special attention given to re pear at lis best steps at 2 p m A t its conclusion, Sunday guests of relatives in town modeling of ladles' suits and coats. the town hall dedication will take FOR SALE Kohler and Camp The many frlonds of Clarence W i l l call In Farmlngton once a week. Telephone Alton 6-31 bell piano In good condition place immediately, so that both Goodwin sincerely regret to learn quire at News Office buildings may be open to public in that he Is 111 at hlB home In W e s t ANTIQUES W A N T E D - W h a t have spection with proper attendants In Milton. you to dispose o t ? Call on, write or FOR SAL.E Lot of ben manure ihargc until 5 3 0 p m This ar Mr and Mrs. Leo D. Oilman of phone Isabelle A. Evans, 1 School | Jl 00 per barrel S VV Hayes, Hlg rangement has been agreed upon In St , Fanningion Everett, Mass., were In town over St., Farmlngton - Tel. 62 order to give ample time for the the week-end, guests of Mr and Mrs. public and guests to gain a respite WANTED Woman or girl fo Adjustable curtain rods, single B. C. Oilman and Albert 8. Wallace. laundry work Apply at the Centra aud rest and. of still more import They returned home Sunday, accom and double, round and flat, big va House, Farmlngton riety, 6c, 10c, 15c. 26c pair ance, tu afford time for the final ar panled by their son Dalson, w h o Bellnsky's Bargain Store. rangement of properties and respent last week wltlh his grandpar SHETLAND PONIES free to boy and girls as premiums Write fo hearsal for tbe production of Denents. particulars Wakefield Extract Tom man Thompson's beloved rural pany, Sanbornvllle. N H drama. The Old Homestead. ' w b l c b FOR R E N T . A 3-room, furnished will be presented for the benefit of kitchenette, central location, also a TO LETT One large room suit 4-room tenement on Church S t A p able for light housekeeping Also Henry Wilson American band, b y a ply to W J. Vlckers. Electric Shop. fully equipped barber shop Inquire local veteran cast, directed by Her of Mrs Joseph Parshley or at Corner bert I) Brown T h i s play will be Store, Farmlngton Kemp's Salted Nuts, the fresh. staged on an elaborate Bcale a n d Its Crispy kind, a t Knox Pharmacy orlgfnal excellence and atmosphere Leave your orders now for Pink Try our sanitary window ventila tor Mother's Day at Roberts' Drug carefully preserved to tradition of Cloverbloom Batter 60o lb. Store. tors. Frank: H. Mooney America's favorite drama. T h r o u g h Holland's Boll Butter 60c lb. FOR S A L E Sixty-acre farm, with Special values In Ladies Rayon the courtesy of the Now Hampshire 60o lb. Hose, fine quality, with the favored Pythian Home at W e s t Swanzey, the buildings; plenty of wood, some t i m - Hation-Wide Butter Bolls ber, fruit and berries; on Mountain -Coxuitry S a n e r 60o lb. pointed^heels, 50c pair wonderful status of Venus, the orig Road, W e s t Milton. Price l o w f o r V e a l Steaks Perkins' Stores. inal sacred shrine around which 50o quick cash sale. A . H . Bareantee, tbe dreams of D e s m a n Thompson 130 Central S t , Farmlngton. P" May first may be the date of 40o of your subscription to the wrought "The Old Homestead." will I a m b Fores 35o plratlon "News" Let this be a reminder to be among tbo settings of the play to BUILDING MATERIAL. Giles & I a m b Loias renew your subscription 40c Langley hare Justroceired two cars w « t i m T M I Roasts add glamour and mystic charm to 35o lb. of building material/ consisting of PIANOS sold, tuned and repaired. Its Bucress. The gueBts of hooor Idaho pirn; sheathing, pine finish I a m b l e g s 45o lb. Write or telephone. will be Governor and Mrs. Toboy a n d spruce flooring, siding and Joist rolled no W . C. Swan, Dover. N. H. Charles Carter of Osslpee. the im 35o lb. Orders w i l l be delivered promptly a t ^ ™ personator of the original "Cy *hort> notice. ' T o p Bound Steaks . . 50o Si. Silent Glow Oil Burners, the Ideal Prime" In "The Old Homestead range heat for year around cooking 65o S). Ned Parker is quoting especially " 4 ^ f No ashes to s i f t , no fuel to prepare. Besides the Oovernor and Mrs T o attractive prices for a week's sale. A r m o u r s Star Bacon 35o lb. Clean, safe, positive service Cash bey. the guest of honor for the p u b Swifts' Premium Bacon ( . . 26o pkg. price, J66, installed. P W Bragg lic library dedication will be George -Dr: Hunt's New Corn Cure has the _, Strawberries H Goodwin, the library donor. In largest sale ot any 10c foot remedy iettac© UOKcs Considerable publicity has been in the world. Removes corns with- Spinach Bermuda Onions given 83rd birthday to various stores In tho state deference to whose out .pain or soreness. Dr. Scholl'a Jr o n . . O K „that are eligible to celebrate a 75th he dedication ot two noteworthy Zino Pads take the pressure off the Bananas 3 I D S . ^oo anniversary,. T h e Lothrops-Farnham public buildings has been set for F i t sore spot and'Temove the" cause with- Oranges . . . . . . t , . . . . . . . . 26o doz. Co. business, which was established out—pain,—^soreness- or protracted- —_ . ., - , • . in 1854 at Dover and has spread to day. May 10 treatment For corns, callouses and Maolaren's Imperial Salad Dressing surrounding towns, enjoys this dis bunions', they have no equal. Pint bottle Zoo tinction of longevity as woll as a The new fast color Percales a n d reputation for reliability and a high 1. B.- Hayes, Footwear for AIL Welti's Erankforts . . . . 25o lb. grade W a s h Fabrics at Ned Parker's are" service that is unsurpassed W e cordially solicit an opportunl- Tulip Brand Bears and , _ attracting early buyers. Lothrops-Fdrnbam Co.. Inc 3 ty to furnish-free estimates, without Tulip Brand Fruit Salad 2 for 26c Send Mother a W e are agents for the Famous Spalding Gloves, Bats and Balis b Greeting a 1 W e also carry the 8palding Line of Card Golf Clubs in Various Models priced from $2.00 to $15.00 on Kro-FJite Golf Balls 50c and 75c Spalding Tennis Rackets and Balls Mother's Day Sunday. May 12 For All Kinds of Fishing Poles, Reels, Nets, Baskets, .Artificial Baits, Etc, 4 I o r and m a k e your selection from our "Quality Line" Leave Your Orders For Pinks Now NEW •7, Chocolate Crispettes Peanut Butter Chips Raisin Clusters Peanut Clusters 39c Fancy California Naval Oranges 16 tor 25c and SOc doz "Seal Sweet" Juicy Grapefruit ,3 for 25c Bananas 3 pounds for 25c ,Pitted Dates 1-lb packages 25c Cocoanuts 10c and 15c each Fresh Roasted Peanuts in the Shells 15c qt C . W . WHITEHOUSE W e have Just been appointed distributors for the big 3 Speed Queen Washer Sells for Less Than $100 Ask for«jdemoristration Full size standard make. Time payments if desired* T h e Electric Shop William J. Vlckers o n o H J, jg-gB&e ,;.yea£8prince we, graduated, •Dooesn't seem so, * And how we've scat* a W r e t e v e a l fn, v B o n t w m 0 u 1 we used to have. r * $ " & ,% -"Seems ;tp^'mer we made some | /^prbofc&J? To]3^itjwhen' we could. Jg-^rite^where^c'TOuldri'.t.,. -^ayhtair,. iff *• to-keep the old'friendships 'alive. .-• r i: •{<*>.•<• >JL ,•- . • ,fifty miles, and I Haven't seen one of them in ages. '. ' I . , "No use, blaming them. I haven't done my part either. . ? p.-~r.-j'fl m going to start a reunion now !'"~ ? PT~J?7' telephone. ../^^^ ISP nc .•.i i?i-.','V. £ - -- <> -' j - „ •*tf'i'i?£j.ffidoeaa.'t'c~oat ' rateV* Writing Pads much at these new " '~"\ 0Eri$CJLiukTelephone a fflinJ^tStt e a S t e a f a KarahmaUowHoff . . . . . . . 19c Iipton's Famous Teas; 1-2 Pound Bed label 43c . „ • „^^ r^ i.-. .v,i « . 1-* Pound Yellow. Label « o Home-made, Sliced' Tomato-Pioiles CARD of THANKS It Is beyond tbe power of words to express my thanks and apprecia 7 Dn 1 T tion to -the many sources that h a v e overwhelmed me with sympathy a n d assistance during m y illness and c o n 1 1 Orange St.Tel. 91-3,Farmlnston. < 15 or, j a r 15o valescence. I am impressed, m o r e than ever, with the bond of brother Fresh Haddock) -Halibut. Cheeks hood embraced in t h e spirit of f r a ADKNISTEATBU'S K0TJCE _ To oloie estate. Double house, ternity and I have cause to testify The subscriber has been duly ap; Oysters*! t o m y faith in fellowship a n d pointed by'XMoJudge' of Probate for stable and about 10,000 feet of land friends. Everything that I h a v e the county! of. Strafford, "administra at 23 Glen street, Farmington, and ever been able to g i v e or do In t h e trix of tie."estate bt Fred A. Horno,( cause of faith has been more t h a n late of Farmlngton, In said county, being the residence of the late rewarded during m y illness, and f o r deceasedi' testate.'' W. H. W.^olomy. For particulars t h e abundance ot k i n d l y thought a n d All pereong.-Imving claims agwnet assistance that h a s reached m e , I said esUte?areifequestei to exhibit call upon or" address S. S. Parker, wish, through the columns ot t h e thorn for adjustment, and all Indebt Agent -for '£icecutor, at Farmington, 'News" to make acknowledgment t ed to."m»Ve.p»rmentt and pledge unforgettable g r a t i Aprllj20>"A.-D.,..l»l*. X . K...'?.T. V . Pickering; Exeoutor. tude to eachan end every gburce t h a t Tor*. C . -Borne," AdmlnUlJralrijc. Close4.AU Hay Thursday, p u t Daj' contributed. A r t h u r It. Jones. work and decoration. ~We -can save you money with a guarantee -of satisfactlon. New 1928"line, of wall paper samples Just in.-Phone or write, for a call. Leach &, Donahue, MARKET: i Residence For S a l e Envelopes to M a t c h Plain and Linen Finish Ruled and Unruled S p e c i a l Box P a p e r Linen Finish a t 2 5 c a box Waterman and Parker Fountain Pens New Books of Fiction DRUG has/Seen riends to^frust «c.\ Pound Paper Books ROBERTS - %k Box Papers in All the New Styles and Tints — „„ 7 5 c Leave Your Orders For Pinks Now i m STORE *Sj£fA***mm*t%mm4f+ Famous "Maine Maid" Sweets in Pound Boxes tor 39c tSociety" Assorted, Chocolates 1-lb Boxes 49c Chocolate Covered Cherries, Extra Fancy 49c lb 'I •<t STATIONERY]! wi^fs\ We Put the RIGHT KIND of Lubricant In the RIGHT PLACE You don't fill your radiator with muddy water, and— You don't fill your gasoline tank with crude oil. Why risk the life of your car by having its "vital spots" lubricated with soapy lubricants which will become rancid and necessitate large expenditures for repairs. We use Genuine Alemite Lubricant a solidified oil made especially for use with the Alemite and Alemite-Zerk Systems. Alemite Lubricant Resists tremendous bearing pressures Is an excellent lubricant at 400 degrees F Eetains its lubricating values at 30 degrees below zero. Will not cake or become rancid. Let us help you eliminate 80 per cent of your repair bills by Alemite-ing your car "Every 500 Miles." symouth's Battery Station East Grove Street, Farmington PAN - DANDY DREAD is rated highly in nutritional value. For your health's, sake, say Pan-Dandy to your grocer Bergeron Baking Co. Rochester, N. H. rtsU oar S p e c i a l .Spring A s new and different now as it was when introduced ill the scene. A New Oakland lerican Six. Making its bow to the public. And now you see it here . . . there . . . everywhere you go. Other ears have appeared in bewildering succession. But the distinction of the Vnicrican continues . . . unaffected. It's as new and refreshingly different toda> as it was when introduced. Like a good friend . . . it grows on you... impressing > ou more favorably with every passing veek. The better you know it the more you will re spect the New Oakland VII-American Six. Frict $11 l f b > tlS7i,f o- b. Tenriar. Michigan, plus (felir**-* rhar*«>». Spring ivvmB and Lov^Joy llvdrautir Shark 4b«orbrr. inrludrd in tut p r i m . S u m p n i ami rrar f*t\ilrr guards esfra i.rnrral Motors Ttm« r o y m . n l Plan aroiloble at minimum rate. C o n s i d e r t h e delivered p r i c e n s well an t h e list p r i c e t.hen c o m p a r i n g a u t o m o b i l e vajurn OafclTtd-rnmilMO dalltcrnj prloe* Include only ceMon*bl*> charge* for dvjjrerr mud financing. J. E. RICHER, OAeMw Farmington, N. H. OAKLAND ALL-AMERICAN SIX PRODUCT OF G E N E R A L MOTORS S h e l f P a p e r 25 x 38in 30c Dozen For Sale at The " N e w s " O f f i c e � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documents, Papers, & Articles Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Town Hall & Goodwin Library Dedication Article Farmington News, Page3, 1929-04-26 Description An account of the resource A Farmington News article, page3, from April 26, 1929 of the Town Hall & Goodwin Library dedication event. Details of the article include when and where events will be held, speakers, songs and music to be sung and played, and other general information. FHS- Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farmington News Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Farmington News Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1929 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1929 articles celebration dedication event Farmington Farmington News Goodwin Library history library Old Town Hall https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/3fe8f23688a805b4bd8945e8c07a2721.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=t2WQAA7Q0AYKjrTOzi4gr7nJB7AoSgKYX1EFxrB7owdKTv29cy0yDwVwPLdxlxRL38WehzEQwMdLb5%7Etcn2C0B9h465c-HiqR1PgFgC1itw3Yx0mPcsVnMe%7EQ-6iahb1tUDCOXqiT7BynYOe5ZxBfISUDMbtQexjTJFQhPl3oYMQgFrO5g8tiinT-tQbwFAaJ3aLbu6fGp7nq9imQgPuD5HnmfFKyPqzsGa%7EPJqLQDKCLviaSBUoHjvHKAxJzeXuDd5zu7ZVy070aIIf5M9HbMOVcqSJTldh1wevM0J%7E4qmCED%7E%7ErJYmUCgRhR%7EtMJw4aMakuoBdqD3Gm%7EFlMBpXEQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 21fd31183eb7d436a6fb1bed534ed8a1 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/48103d353d3a3428d7eb627ea3a24adb.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=NDke06VSTuwV7Ly6C5oxqhxgx1ovFArKIqVB4pNLr0jbSrP4gjbYZEcstPNXKbsdLt83iFhMweRrjLZpwFlZ4YQs0syh8sY5dz7MmINsh%7EuWn7g-AjuBrR184U-2trHxFU18deytTvgFN9Tp1zmrL4BP4cSL663k5LoyQJTKbKi2RF4EmBkwhvk8IpQHOZ2AOASd34jkYc2MT7JVuGiYMZRiXZwwuro35f8TTN6huO8G99s4ChnNCzVGII26Lu7KL%7EsLa85IIrhhicSLc4VJ8C0niFo2TQLkUJolkLH0c6nEbJ4C4TwfWEZf7GLaCwdMTDvkP-VGaJq4YHrJipQRMA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 40d2f62b3ee86ebf8dbf5f2c9de173c6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documents, Papers, & Articles Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Topley House Line Drawing On Card Description An account of the resource Topley House on the corner of Main Street and Lincoln Street. A line drawing printed on card paper. The line drawing was created by Irene Furbush, who lived in the home for almost twenty years. The home has two full stories and then a third story living space in the finished attic. The building has a small covered front entrance and a lower bay window in the front right, with three windows above. There is a single window, in the attic floor and it is unknown if this was used for storage or sleeping space. The side of the house offers many windows and a side entrance via a covered open porch. A very large carriage house sits at the back of the house, attached to it, allowing one to be in the carriage house and then directly to the home without going outside. Detail work, beams, fretwork, and shutters all appear to be in very good condition and well maintained. The house has one chimney. The house looks very much like the rending to this day. Size: 5.5" x 4.25" Condition: Excellent FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Irene Furbush Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Irene Furbush architecture building drawing Furbush house main street Topley https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/22c4743975ac212ba6d29c38e670c18b.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=J0cGwHbzAgnI%7E6uhW8j%7EWdET3lr0B7sQgbwG9pFpKUg7opRyMBXcXCW63FO--n8bftcMLj9pqvd2i5t%7EvLfmvggjBS9XK-3r3bOeSpSdgG-B%7ElOFcyYtwH6EEIcH2GdWCsNWX4QCmBIdgOZfXwUYxMef5PE1H7F63kfT6r9FECuMuIR3w-iMUySpNTWFNwhReOoxihGFIxPIS4I3QoD8Fekn-p2elZrDyksEVm2BNINiN%7EwvGIlFomvJqcSJ%7EHtymnQeXMGXZu4QM8hqjF1zJB4bOPnTDhk8mQAxMr4Ed2RcUdpzN31X8Zuz2E-pRJ2BXYBF4r%7EzkmnJuNGg18-KAg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6976df2d992d60e3e5686ed639eb614c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photography & Streographs Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The White Store Farmington NH Color Souvenir Postcard Description An account of the resource The White Store Farmington, NH color souvenir postcard. The White Store was a well known department store. It carried dry goods, furniture, clothing for men, women, and children, decor, and other ready to carry, ready to wear goods. It faced Main Street with two full display windows on the ground floor, on either side of the entrance. The entire three story building was painted a bright, clean white color and had large banks of windows lining all outer walls of the second and third floor. A tall marketing pole, with the words" The White Store,"on all four sides was placed in the street adorned at the top with a five point yellow star. This postcard represents the store after electrification of the town as a line pole is visible to the left of the building. Non-divided back postcard. Postcard was stamped and was imprinted by the post office. Postcard was sent to Miss Gladys Ellis, Alton Bay, NH. Size 3.5" x 5.5" FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Published in Germany by W L Peavey, Farmington, NH S.87748. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Published in Germany by W L Peavey, Farmington, NH S.87748. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1908 business clothing dry goods main street Peavey photo photography postcard shops souvenir The White Store https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/bc5c25527b8d78ae5415e83f14995260.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=Lj%7EoQTe5QTVkchN-0Z5Fg-mvojY66o-RhVJh848oNf77YoaAnTzTNfSFy8Y7g0Yeq8jLosW3v9RFCqCfrHyzlVABU4nYesVaDBi9D1ehA08hcrGSKiVe4LMsBnw0dSVhupkgdQSmE76Mh4j%7EfJatBIK2BSXhNc5w9MjB0-Fw4g-IRU3RsEbRG52T%7ExECAzDWSaZ9I99YMmE4jMOt3xyyHSrisfVhu4jB%7EIl6j4KGYvR26kBwgjXHekOMYVk9HuR1HkJuJZLdQ6I2ScSPqz4iLJ4m1T2t0L-WzATLlFaRmkCd0d27dwtLPofOS2ZmNDKsNR4q4Au35YnUuVmcj7bFDA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ddf546137baad37fce3187762eb133dc https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/51419fcec83e93d525f9668013748649.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=W3eMiBTaD207t0vfId960UR0yk0DFS1SLID2EUXW48YsHyOD8ZM%7EdacugZafLT4wNWvJmTNLlKS9Nv9vEaR-c57jFUnHwfaluEY87DQQ5X9hfCFYSV63Bj%7E6IIHFJ-gZ5n1C7QHd67vVCrE4nmk%7Ee8%7Erh-PfRHGddBPGhCTpUNNunPa6KJ%7EJRmZuHmLam%7Et4tdjLrkZ7bzokMnECRp0JCLwJ6cduasXniQ%7EG6vktNpfMQMREQeS3I5kS8IOBykB2JSEfyWJrpGwKh2QuO5YP66w7ivtFOKowUvntjxQKWICKx8-2jL7B515jpqjYLs3ZVuz0pohRh9TaW5o4c9Domg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2b8751ec519ffb1de0d938ca6af10a5f PDF Text Text ��V ^v. <^ 3 ��^yMv 0&tu^<~*+«J. ��STATE CAPITOL. For description, see " Concord," page 104. �THE STATISTICS AND GAZETTEER OF NEW-HAMPSHIEE. CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE TOWNS AND VILLAGES; ALSO, BOUNDAPJES AND AREA OF THE STATE, AND ITS NATURAL RESOURCES, COUNTIES, WITH OVER ONE HUNDRED PAGES OF STATISTICAL TABLES, PERTAINING TO ITS POPULATION, WEALTH, INDUSTRIES, CHURCHES, SCHOOL HOUSES, SOLDIERS IN THE LATE REBELLION, AND POST OFFICES: WITH A LIST OF STATE OFFICERS, ETC.: TOGETHER WITH A DESCRIPTION OF ITS MOUNTAINS, LAKES, RIVERS AND POPULAR RESORTS FOR TOURISTS, AND A GREAT VARIETY OF OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. Wve seen the prairies, and their flowers Beside their sparkling rills, But nothing there that gladdens us Like old New-Hampshire hills. COMPILED BY ALONZO J. CONCORD, D. L. FOGG. N. H. GUERNSEY, BOOKSELLER AND PUBLISHER. 1874. aked �tk; PUJ 3 Tll_D£ : Entered according to Act of Congress, December ALONZO J. FOGG, Concord, N. 7th, A. D. 1872, H., In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. STEREOTYPED, PRINTED AND BOUND AT CXAREMONT, N. H., BY THE CLAREMONT MANUFACTURING COMPANY. by �TO THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE, AND ADOPTED CITIZENS, RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, BY THE AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER. ITS THIS VOLUME IS ��PREFACE. New-Hampshire It is nearly twenty years since a Gazetteer of was published, and although the State has not increased in population, .-till the change in every branch of business has been quite as great as in any State in New We England. have now nearly double the miles of railway, and three times the number of miles of we had twenty years telegraph wire that The wealth ago. the State has increased nearly one hundred per cent. now there were but hamlets in 1855, there are villages, and the busy We are now hum of life is of Where large manufacturing heard from morning till night. living in the days of fast steamboat lines, railroad express trains, telegraphs and pneumatic tubes. All branches of business are done with railway speed, and what it took years to accomplish, thirty years ago, as many The focus. is now performed Time and space have been brought nearly months. cotton merchant in Boston can do to in a more mercantile correspondence in one week with his bi'anch house in Liverpool, by telegraph, than could be done Where time. fifteen years now done by telegraph, in as many minutes. required to perform a journey by stage, rail, in as ago in a long took months to convey intelligence by mail, it many days. it is lifeit is Where weeks were now accomplished by In our country, a generation has been crowded into years, years into months, months into days, and days into hours. The old Farmer's clock that has stood in his kitchen corner for more than forty years with the wise monition written on its dial that " time is money," has seen the maxim heeded and fully carried out in this generation. fortunes in a day In preparing and sometimes this lose In this age them quite work we have endeavored men make their as soon. to keep the above �PREFACE. VI much ideas constantly in view, and to give as pertaining to the industry of in a brief manner. Our New Hampshire general information we as possibly could readers will find that brevity has been our aim through the book. But still we have intended to furnish much useful information in less than seven hundred pages as many writers, years ago, would have required two thousand to im- as part the same amount of knowledge. have assisted us much Figures in a tabular form in this respect, there being nearly We red pages in tables. have intended present standing of the State than of the past have given but a brief history of the ographies of eminent men who were first on left their ; consequently we settlements, and no natives of the State. It native homes to seek their fortunes broad ocean, and we have reserved that task life's bi- would and daughters of New- require volumes to do justice to the sons Hampshire who have one hund- show more of the to some for future biographer. In preparing a work like Nearly all is a information, this, but very little can be original. compilation, and, in order to obtain the necessary we have been obliged to many claim the assistance of people in various sections of the State. In preparing a book of this character, ly creep in, that are beyond all town will have its critics, many human power and they may see errors must natural- in the that should be different, in some respect, relative to their of the State. Although we feel obliged to persons in for their kindness in assisting us to many in some instances, book own section many towns facts, still, that co-opera- tion throughout the State has not been all and Every to obviate. some things we could have we have been obliged to rely desired, on the manu- many statistical facts relative to manuour many friends see some errors in this script census of 1870, for factories. If a few of respect, they may rest assured that they the cities and large towns in the State, and gathered such information citizens have seen fit to give us. were correct in 1870. we have All personally visited, as to their industries, etc., as the �PREFACE. We have been at considerable expense State to is VII to prepare accompany the book, and we venture the the most accurate map of New-Hampshire that All the counties, towns, and nearly people. all the principal rivers, lakes The map are laid down. is map is now of the all it before the all the post and mountains, and before our readers, a assertion, that offices ; the railroads and they can judge for themselves. To numerous advice in our William friends efforts, Little, Esq., who have assisted especially to the us, and given kindly Hon. John H. Goodale, D. F. Secomb, Esq., Hon. Asa Fowler, Chief Justice J. E. Sargent, Samuel B. Page, Esq., mental nearly officials all at the State all the govern- House, the press of the State, and of the town clerks in the State, we tender our heartfelt acknowledgments. We etteer, are also indebted to Dr. Belknap's History, "New-Hampshire As "New-Hampshire Register," It Is," Hayward's Gaz- New-Hampshire Manual," and the U. S. Census of 1870, for val- uable information. A. Concord, N. H., March 2, 1874. J. F. ��OOIsTTElSTTS. CHAPTEE First settlement of I. New-Hampshire, up to the Revolution. CHAPTER II. Brief history of the War of tli Revolution, Federal Constitution, and of the Great Rebellion, Regiments, Officers, etc. CHAPTER III. Topographical history of all the cities and towns in the State, giving a brief statement of the surface, the quality of the soil, its mountains, lakes ponds, rivers and streams; its summer resorts, villages and manufacturers resources, churches, public schools, libraries, hotels, railroads, &c. ; CHAPTER IV. A statistical summary of the counties and State, pertaining to their geographical position, value of their manufactories, farm productions, railroads, newspapers, national banks, savings banks, insurances, post-oilices &c. CHAPTER V. Tabular statement of the population of the cities and towns in the State, ratable polls, assessed valuation of all the towns, stock in trade, money at interest, deposits in savings banks, proportional tax, town debts, clergymen, lawyers, physicians, merchants, agricultural pro- ductions, value of farms, number of farms, dwellings, and families, value of cotton manufactories, woolen manufactories, boots and shoes, hosiery, paper mills, lumber mills, grist mills, tanneries, total manufactories in the State, various occupations of the people in 1870, number of each kind of manufactories, in the State, in 1870, number of deaths, by towns, in the State, in 1870, centenarians who have died since 1822, &c., &c. �X CONTENTS. CHAPTER VI. Public Schools, Dartmouth College, Literary Institutions, Asylum for the Insane, College of Agriculture, Orphans Home, State Prison, State Normal School, State Capital, Reform School, Religion &c. CHAPTER A VII. brief review of the State, its climate, its grand mountain, ocean, lake and river scenery, geology and mineralogy, a description of its mountains, lakes and rivers, a brief account of the aboriginals of NewHampshire, New-Hampshire compared with the Western States; a poem on New-Hampshire, etc. CHAPTER VHI. New-Hampshire Congressional, Councillor," and SenGovernor vote of Governors of New-Hampshire since 1680 the State in 1872 and 1873 Justices of the higher courts of New-Hampshire since 1776 Wheelwright Deed Cities and Towns in the United States of 6,000 inhabi- Constitution of atorial Districts ; ; State and Legislative Officers ; ; ; ; tants and upwards. ILLUSTRATIONS. Agricultural College, Hanover. Board of Trade Building, Concord. Burleigh's Block, Franklin. City Library Building, Manchester. Court House, Manchester. Dustin Monument on Dustin's Island, Concord. Eagle Hotel, Concord. Gage's Circular Saw Works, Fisherville. Kiarsarge House, North Conway. Merchant's Exchange, Manchester. Mount Belknap House, Gilford. Moosehillock, from Warren. New-Hampshire Conference Seminary, Tilton. New-London Institution, State House, Concord. New-London. (Frontispiece.) Normal School Building, Plymouth. Statesman Building, Concord. Tilden Female Seminary, West Lebanon. State MAP. Map of New-Hampshire. �INDEX. academies will be found under the head of Literary form also the names of the lakes under the head of Lakes, and rivers under the head of Rivers. The index for Institutions, in alphabetical ; 514 Acres Improved Land in the State 405 Dartmouth College Agriculture of the State 403 Deposits in Savings Agricultural College 532 Depositors in Savings Banks, Altitudes of Mountains 578 Description of Amoskeag 238 Dudley, Joseph Falls Banks 429 Number Towns Dustin, Hannah, Killing Indians ....429 47 to 380 8 — 10 72 Ancient Records of the State Andros, Edward 12 Artillery, Lafayette 37 Early Records of the State 12 Heavy 36 Federal Constitution 21 for the Insane 529 New-Hampshire Battery First Reg. N. H. Heavy Artillery Fish in New-nampshire 36 597 Artillery, N. EL Asylum 8 Early Laws 5 First 36 Attorney Generals from 1776 Band, Second Brigade 635 Banks. National Banks, Savings Barefoot Walter 419 Franconia Mountains 575 421 Franconia Scenery 159 564 Bear Killed a Child Bear in Alstead Belknap Dr 262 Geology of New-Hampshire Gorges, Fernando 38 8 51 Gove, Edward 2 8 Bradley Massacre 117 627 Governor Vote in 1S72 and 1873 Governors of New-Hampshire since 16S0..632 255 Grave of Mathew Thornton Carr Mountains Carrigan Mountains 577 Guards, National 576 Guards, Martin Carter Mountains 576 Climate of New-Hampshire 556 Head, Gen. Natt Height of Mountains Congressional Districts 624 Hilton, Connecticut Valley 403 Insurance Companies 433 Indians in New-Hampshire 598 Birds in N. H 5 597 Edward 37 37 38 578 3 Constitution of N. H., History of 21 Constitution of New-Hampshire 607 Indians in Charlestown County of Rockingham Resources County of Strafford Resources County of Belknap Resources County of Carroll Resources County of Merrimack Resources County of Hillsborough Resources County of Cheshire Resources County of Sullivan Resources County of Grafton Resources County of Coos Resources 381 Indians in 383 Indians in Keene 385 Indians in Boscawen 387 Indians in Concord 117 388 Indians in Exeter 155 391 Indians in Pembroke 296 393 Indians in Newington 276 395 Indians in Moultonborough 262 396 Indians in Nashua 267 398 Indians in Plainfield 303 Councilor Districts (;24 Indians in Hinsdale 195 Council Members, 1873 626 Indians in Plymouth 306 7-8 Indians in Rochester 318 Indians in Rye 322 Edward John Cranfield. Cutts, 7 Durham 90 138 211 72 �XII INDEX. Indians in Salisbury 325 Itldiai 151 Marlborough High School Marlow Academy Indian Mc Collum Indians in Somersworth Milford High School Indians in Peterborough Nashua High School Nashua Literary Institution New-Hampshire Conference Seminary New-Hampshire Commercial Colle Indians in Swanzey 347 Indians in Walpole 357 Jefferson Scenery 20G ' since 1776 Justic ' Kearsarge Mountain Kiarsarge Mountains 577 520 520 Institute New-Hampton ; 520 I Institution New-Ipswich Appl eton Academy JO 520 520 521 522 522 522 577 New-London Literary 6 King Philip's War Lakes rs New-Hampshire Lake Connecticut Lake Ma Lake M LakeNewfound take Ossipee Newport High School Northwood Academy Northwood Seminary 523 Academy Pennacook Academy Pinkejton Academy 523 I 580 LakeSpafford LakeSquam Institution 523 523 Orford 523 524 Peterborough High School Phillips Exeter Academy High School Robinson Female Institute louth Lake Sunapee Lake Lake I 523 ' 524 521 525 526 526 " Rollinsford High School '.' High School 627 Literary In mtutioxs in phi .- ; :' tf. e 510 Somersworth High School Stevens High School Adams Female Academy Antrim High School 517 Atkin- 517 516 •St. Paul's School 526 526 526 527 Beede Normal Institute 517 Bristol High School Charlestown High School 517 Female Seminary Troy High School Tuhbs Union Academy Walpole High School 517 Manufactories in the State Chester Academy 517 406 Manufactured Cotton G ode 406 Manufactured Woolen 106 Manufactured Boots and Shoes Manufactured Iron and Machine Work. ...406 Manufactured Lumber 406 Manufactured Leather 407 109 Manufactured Paper Manufactured Hosiery 407 Furniture 407 Manufactured Manufactured Other Goods 407 Austin 517 '. Christian Institute 518 Concord High School 518 Conwaj • 517 Clinton Grove Seminary 518 Contoocook Academy Conanf B I Dartmouth College Dartmouth dome School Dearborn Academy Deering Academy Dover High School Dumbarton High School Exeter High School Fannin School Francestown Academy Franklin Academy Oil man tun Academy Hampton Academy Keen Keene High School Kingston Academy Kimball On i Lane.! - 518 514 51 510 51 I Members 519 405 Minerals of New-Hampshire 2 37 626 Militia of N. II 519 569 40 567 519 Minerals in Lisbon 226 519 Monadnock Mountain Monadnock Mt. in Jaffrey 577 519 r,lo 519 519 Moosilauke Mountains Mountains in New-Hampshire Mountains in Ossipee Mt. 520 Imp War Loan National Banks 520 205 576 570 - f, 2 576 Mt. Moriah Municipal tie! -'hool 528 528 Mason, John Martin Guards of Co Metals and Ores • Manche 52S 528 i 519 519 ! Li Til den National Guards 276 40 419 37 �INDEX. New-Hampshire New-Hampsh New-Hampshire New-Hampshire New-Hampshire New-Hampshire New-Hampshire New-Hampshire Newspapers Number Asylum for tho Orp 584 544 Hills 579 40 Militia 415 114 id I 1 Ashuelot Normal School Reform School State in 1 573 6 Rebellion Officer'! killed in Baker's Bui k Bellamy Bank Beaver Bear Camp Black Watei 586 -13 Home Mo tin 5 ". State Prison Officers of the Ossipee Rjtess in New-Hampshire Upper Ammonoosuc Lower . State in Mile Orphans' Insane... 529 of Agricultun XIII Cold 577 at . Pat ridge William Connecticut "k 9 "' Penacook Indians Pequawket Indiana Poem by Mrs. Abba G. Woolson Poem on New-Hampshire, by I 598 Dead 601 ._ Pinion d Ellis na Dei n Proctor i03 Population of Cities and towns United States, ol GO00 and in i Goose Stream the npwa ds...G44 434—442 Post Offices 5 Presidents of U. S 22 Indian Stream...., Isinglass .... Israel's Press of New-Hampshire 415 John's Professional Business 408 Lamprey Mad 590 Mascoma Public Schools 590 Putney Hill Quadrupeds 596 Railroads in New-Hampshire 409 Merrimack 590 411 Mohawk 592 Moose Nashua 592 Nash's 592 Railroads, number of Miles Rebellion 22 Records of the State 12 Reform School Regiment N. II., 544 _ Si cond Newfound 24 First Nubanusit - Third 25 Oliverian Fourth 25 Oyster 592 Fifth 2.". Ossipee 59? Sixth 26 593 2 Seventh 26 Peabody Pequawket Eighth 27 Pemigewasset 593 Ninth Tenth 28 Philips 093 29 Piscataqua Eleventh 29 Piscataquog Twelfth 593 A.. 593 30 Powow 594 Xhirteentl 31 Bed 594 Hill Fourteentli 32 Fifteenth 38 Smith's Sixteenth 34 Salmon Seventeenth 34 Soucook 595 35 Spig 595 36 Squamscot Eighteenth 1st. Reg. 1st. N. II. N. It. lery Religion in New-Hampshire Cavalry Heavy Revolutionary War Falls <'t Artil- . 546 . Little Swift 554 20 595 595 595 596 : Resources of the State Review of New-Hampshire 504 594 596 596 Warner Winnipiseogee 596 �INDEX. XIV Manufacturers by Towns 458 to 459 328 Sandwich Mountains 421 to 428 Savings Banks 429 Number Savings Banks Depositors, 432 Savings Banks Aggregates 429 Savings Banks Deposits 661 Scenery of New-Hampshire Scenery in Lancaster Towns 460 to 471 State by Counties 472 to 473 Showing number Acres of Improved Land by Counties 474 Showing Number Farms in the 474 State by Counties 508 Senatorial Districts State by Agricultural Productions of the 216 Scenery in Lincoln Schools in the State Second Brigade Band Agricultural Productions of the 625 225 of Dwelling Houses Number 38 474 in 1850 84 Number Number 146 1860 474 37 Settlement of New-Hamushiro Shakers in Canterbury Number Number of Families in 1860... 474 1 Shakers in Enfield Sharp Shooters Smyth, Frederick, governor 38 40—44 Soldiers killed of Families in 1S50... 474 of Dwelling Houses in of Dwelling Houses 474 inl870 House State Income State Normal School 104 Number 409 Cotton Manufactures Woolen Manufactures State Officers 626 State Prison 536 Boot and Shoe Manufactures... 479 481 Hosiery Manufactures State 543 of Families in 1870. ..474 475 477 544 Paper Mills 482 State Resources 408 Lumber 483 State Senate, 1S73 626 Summary of New-Haujpshire 4ul Table of Population of the State Population by Counties 443 Grain Mills Tanneries Total Manufactures 448 Nativity of Population 448 Occupations of the State Select ages and sexes 449 Mechanical Industries of New- State Reform School Towns 453 to 457 Proportional Tax Debts, 453 to 457 Town 453 to 457 Ratable Polls by Counties.... 457 Valuation by Counties 457 488 491 in the 493 State Classification of Population.... 450 Immigration and Emigration 451 of New-Hampshire... Ratable Polls by Towns. 453 to 457 453 to 457 Valuation by Towns 453 to 457 Stock in Trade Stock and Money at Interest 453to437 Savings Banks, Deposits by Mills 498 Hampshire Number of Deaths in 499 tlie State 502 in 1870 Deceased Centenarians, since 505 1823 509 Public Schools Table of Officers in the Rebellion Tornado in Warner Total Income of the State Towns, description of U. S. Sharp Shooters Usher, John Unattached Company 43 361 409 47 to 3S0 37 9 38 22 Vice Presidents U. S Stock in Trade by Counties. ..457 Waldron, Maj. Killed by Indians Stock and Money at Interest by 457 War, Indian War Loan 457 War War Counties Savings Banks Deposits by Counties Proportional Tax by Counties.. 457 Clergymen by Towns Physicians, Dentists by lawyers, by Towns 22 20 458 to 459 Woolson, Mrs. Abba G 457 458 to 459 Towns Merchants, by Towns... 458 to 459 40 of the Revolution Weare, Nathaniel Wiggin, Thomas Wheelwright Deed Wheelwright, John White Mountains Counties — of the Rebellion 458 to 459 Town Debts by 133 6 8 — 3 635 2—4 571 601 �NEW-HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTER First Settlement of New-Hampshire, up In every age of the world's history, nacious of their religious principles the I. to the Revolution. mankind have been very —of having the right Supreme Ruler of the Universe agreeably duty, and the dictates of their consciences. to their to te- worship own views of This spirit of religious freedom, was deeply imbued in the hearts of our New England from the land of their birth, to seek a new home upon the rock-bound shores of New England. The intolerance they were constantly subjected to, under the tyfathers, for years before rannical Rulers of they set sail England had a tendency to establish a determi- nation in their minds that they would exercise their right of religious opinion, if they were obliged With such determined to seek other climes to obtain it. day of September, 1620, one hundred and one men, women and children went on board of the Mayflower, and set sail from their native shores, and landed on Plymouth Rock on the 21st day of December, 1620. From this little settlement, was founded New England, whose happy homes millions to-day enjoy. In this place it may be well enough to refer to an incident which occurred on their voyage to the new world, to show what a brittle thread the destiny of New England and our own happy homes hung upon. When midway of the ocean, a gale came on, and, through the violence of the storm, one of the main beams in the mid-ship was cracked and removed from its place. Accordingly, with such danger before them, a consultation was held between the passengers convictions, on the 6th �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 2 and officers of the ship, A upon the subject of returning. passen- ger on board had a large iron screw he had brought from Holland, by means of which the beam was brought to its place and made But for this simple iron screw, no doubt the whole destiny fast. of New England, and perhaps of our Nation, would have been changed, and no one can believe for the better. Truly Providence is in the wind. Three years after the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth Rock Sir. Fernando Gorges and Captain John Mason, who had previously obtained, from the Council of Plymouth, a grant of laud which ; they called Laconia, lying between Merrimack and rivers, sent out two small parties, Kennebeck one of which landed on the south shore of the Piscataqua and formed a settlement which they called Little Harbor and within the present limits of Portsmouth —the other party sailed up the Piscataqua, and settled at Northam, after- wards called Dover, but by the Indians, Cocheco, or Winni- chahannat. Our fathers, who landed at Plymouth to seek a home where they could enjoy their religious opinions, were unlike the tlers of Portsmouth and Dover. By rying on trade with the Natives, they hoped to return for their labor. first set- and carobtain an abundant establishing fisheries Consequently they neglected the only source of prosperity of any country, agriculture, and for a num- ber of years their progress was very slow. Nothing of note transpired in the colony, till 1629, when the Rev. John Wheelwright, of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, purchased of the Indians a large tract of land lying between the Piscataqua and Merrimack rivers. The Indians were paid in what they called a valuable consideration, such as "coats, shirts and Wheelwright's deed was signed by PassaconaAvay, the Sagamore of the Indian tribes in this section of New EngThis grant, land, and also by the Chiefs of several other tribes. from the Indians, was part of the land previously purchased by Gorges and Mason. Wheelwright claimed that he obtained his right of the land from the original owners, which was far better than through any self constituted English company. The Plymouth company, very soon after Wheelwright's purchase, made a new grant of the same territory to Mason and it was alleged that he and Gorges had mutually agreed to divide their original grant, called Laconia, and take out new patents. Mason kettles." •-hief ; �FIRST SETTLEMENT. named new grant this for the 6 county where he formerly lived in England, Aeiy-Hampshire. Edward Hilton, then living at Dover, obtained a tract of land and by deed, including Dover, and what is part of Newiugton and Greenland. A grant of land was also obtained by persons living near the mouth of the Piscataqua, including Portsmouth, Newcastle, Rye, and part of Newington and Greenfield. The Dover settlement was called the Upper Plantation, and the Portsmouth settlement was called the Lower Plantation. Captain Thomas Wiggin was appointed agent of the former plantation, and Captain Walter Neil of the latter. Disputes frequently sprung up between the two for himself associates, now Durham, Stratham and a settlements in relation to territory, but they were, as a general thing, settled without anything serious transpiring. Like our people in these modern days, the first settlers of New Hampshire had what is now called the gold fever. Parties would be formed and start through the denes forests with spade and pickaxe on their shoulder, to seek their fortunes among the lakes and mountains in central New Hampshire. But the yellow lucre was not to be found, and their fond imaginations of a fortune in a day were blasted. By such expeditions after gold, agriculture was neglected, and the stories told them of valuable mines of wealth in the mountains had proved fallacious. ships were the fruits of their neglect. England in Want, privations and hardBread was brought from meal, or in grain from Virginia, and carried to Boston be ground, there being no mill in the Colony. It is no wonder, under such circumstauces, that disappointment, and consequently discontent, should creep in and cause many to sell all their in- to more enterprising ones (who had remembered the is not gold), and return to England. In 1633, Neil and Wiggin formed an agreement with Wheelwright that his proposed settlement at Squamscot Falls should be called Exeter. They immediately surveyed their respective grants, and laid out the towns of Dover and Portsmouth. Hampton was also laid out the same year, the Indian name being Winnecummet. In 1638, Wheelwright, through persecution, was driven from the terests to the saying, All that shines Massachusetts colonies for his religious belief. He belonged to a party of the Church called Antinomians, and for a time was en- gaged the result of which was that, with sevwas banished from any territory belonging to Mass- in a violent contest eral others, he ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 4 Under achusetts. these circumstances, he proceeded at once to establish a settlement on his grant at Exeter. In this connection it may be well enough to refer to this religous Nearly intolerance of the Massachusetts colonies. all of them had been driven from their homes, in England, by the intolerance of But, when they were once free from religious persetheir rulers. cution, own and could worship God according to the dictates of their consciences, they forgot their persecutors, and were unwilling It is a to accord to others what they had claimed for themselves. lamented fact that they meted out more intolerant rigor to the inoifensive Quakers than they ever received at the hands of their It is claimed, by religious persecutors in their mother country. some, that the Pilgrims who landed at Plymouth Rock were never connected with any of this religious intolerance. Perhaps this Bay Company were strict and many left England for the same reason that our Pilgrim fathers did, and doubtless were accounta- may be the fact ; but the Massachusetts in all their religious views, ble for a large portion of this religious persecution. At made his settlement at Exeter there government in New-Hampshire wherefrom they the time Wheelwright was no general could receive or claim any protection and they formed an independent government of their own. It was purely democratic in ; They had one chief form, and was based strictly on the Bible. Magistrate and two associates chosen by the people, and holding their office for one year. These officers were sworn to faithfully discharge their dutie«, while the people were sworn to obey. All laws were enacted through a general assembly chosen by the people. The extensive salt marshes at Hampton were considered valuable hay for cattle and, accordingly, the Massachusetts colony sent Richard Dummer and John Spencer to commence improvements there, and soon after they were followed by some persons from the County of Norfolk in England. They were allowed to settle there, making their whole number fifty-six. The first house erected, was known for many years as the Bound House. for furnishing Up to ; New-Hampshire had no were separate and independent of The hostile action of the Indians towards the colonies 1641, the four settlements of combined government, but each other. all led to a feeling of insecurity in being kept separate through their form of government ; and, accordingly, a proposition was made to the Massachusetts colonies, to unite with them under one form of �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 5 government, which they very readily accepted, having already laid claim to a large portion of New-Hampshire. of the towns in New-Hampshire, viz. By 1642, all three Portsmouth, Dover and Exeter, had joined their fortunes with Massachusetts, under one common government. Hampton had already been considered as part of their province. Considering the prevailing of intolerance the colonies at the date of this alliance, the people of Massachusetts New-Hampshire were granted one great privilege by giving them the right to act in any public capacity without any regard The previous laws to their religious belief. in Massachusetts debarred any person from voting or holding a seat in the General Court, unless they were members of the Church. Belknap, in his history of New-Hampshire, in speaking of the intolerant says: and peculiar laws of the colonies, existing at that date, of healths and the use of tobacco were for- "The drinking —the former being considered a heathenish and idolatrous grounded on the ancient libations the other as a species of intoxication and a waste of time. Laws were instituted to regubidden, practice, late the intercourse ; between the sexes, and the advances towards They had a ceremony of betrothing, which preceded Pride and levity of behavior came under the that of marriage. cognizance of the magistrate. Not only the richness but the mode matrimony. of dress, and cut of the hair, were subject to state regulations. Women were forbidden to expose their arms or bosoms to view. It was ordered that their sleeves should reach down to their wrists, and that their gowns should be closed around their necks. Men were obliged to cut short their hair, that they might not resemble women. No person not worth two hundred pounds was allowed to wear gold or silver lace, or silk hoods and scarfs. These pious rulers had more in view than the political good. They were not only concerned for the external appearance of sobriety and good order, but thought themselves obliged, so far as they were able, to promote real religion and enforce the observances of the divine precepts." In the performance of what our forefathers regarded their duty, none could be more conscientious than they. They had but one single aim in view, and that was to serve God and to allow nothing be done, where they had the power to prevent, to displease Him. There is much in their character that claims our respect, notwith- to �6 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. standing their arbitrary notions of enacting laws. They firmly believed in thorough education, and founded a college at Cambridge, within a few years after their first settlement. In regard to training the youth, they believed in that true saying 'T is education forms the Just as the twig is common mind; bent, the tree's inclined. Here lies one great secret of the prosperity of the people of New England in the interest our fathers took in establishing institu- — tions for learning and a general school system, which our children to-day are reaping the benefits of. Many laws they enacted, we might consider wrong but their ideas of a true democratic form of government were correct in the abstract, and the liberal form of government which we are enjoying to-day originated from their ideas of self government. The Indians had watched the growth and prosperity of the col; onies with a silent, jealous feeling for many years. Their hunting grounds they saw diminishing from day to day. They saw their numbers gradually growing less, while their white neighbors were They saw if the white men were not speed would soon become sole owners of all their constantly increasing. ily checked, they domain. "With such convictions rankling in the breast of the red man, Philip, of Mount Hope, son of the Indian chief, Massasoit, was actuated to incite the various tribes in New Eugland against the colonies, which brought on the great Indian war called " King Philip's war." New-Hampshire suffered severely— Durham, Exeter, Hampton, Dover and Salmon Falls were attacked. Houses were burned, cattle killed and many of the inhabitants were murdered with horrid cruelties. The war commenced in June, 1675, and closed, through the death of King Philip, in Au- was a short war, but bloody aud cruel. In 1679, New-Hampshire became a royal province, after being under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts for nearly thirty-eight years. The government was to be administered by a president and council appointed by the King. Laws were enacted by an assembly chosen by the people but the King reserved the right to gust, 1676. It ; discontinue the assembly whenever he thought it advisable. John merchant of Portsmouth, and highly respected, received the appointment as President, and William Vaughan, John Gilman and Richard Waldron received appointments to Cutts, a wealthy the council. They received their commissions January 1st, 1680, �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 7 and reluctantly accepted the office, for fear that men might be apwho would have no regard for the welfare of the colony. Portsmouth, Dover, Exeter and Hampton were the only towns in the State that participated in the election, casting, in all, two hundred and nine votes. The New-Hampshire Colony was constantly kept in a ferment pointed with the Masons, who ritory in the State. him still laid claim to a large portion of the ter- Mason was ever certain favors in the colony, from his land chums. benefit soliciting the King to grant whereby he might derive some In the latter part of 1680, he came from England empowered by the King to take a seat His whole object, in securing that position, was cil. in the counto exert an by means of which he could compel the people to take leases of him. They were indignant, and postively refused to comply with his request. The other members of the council decided with the people and he soon left his seat in the council and returned to England. Soon after Mason left the colony President Cutts died and Major Waldron succeeded him, and influence in that body, ; the affairs in the various settlements in the State moved along about the same as they did under President Cutts. Mason, ever on the move, again applied to the King for a change of government in the influence, one Edward New-Hampshire colony, and, through his Cranfield was appointed Lieutenant Govern- or and Commander-in-Chief of New-Hampshire. Cranfield acceptmaking money, and, evidently, to be the tool of Mason, as he engaged to pay him one hundred and fifty pounds annually, and mortaged the province for security ed the office with the expectation of to carry out the contract. Cranfield received his commission in May, 1682, which vested him with extraordinary powers. He had the right to suspend members of the conncil, veto laws passed by the assembly, dissolve the same at his pleasure, erect courts and pardon criminals. The people soon began to see and feel the tyranny of Cranfield. Waldron and Martyu were suspended, but restored to their position on the meeting of the Assembly. Know- ing his tyrannical disposition, and the power he possessed, the Assembly thought it advisable to vote him a present of two hundred pounds. But their kindness to him availed nothing to them Soon Stileman, a member of the council, was suspended and the Assembly dissolved for not yielding to his mercenary desires. The people of Exeter and Hampton were indignant or the Colony. ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 8 at his arbitrary conduct, and meetings were holden and resolutions passed declaring for " liberty and reform." Edward Gove, one members of the dissolved Assembly, headed this revolutionary movement, and was arrested with several others. A court was immediately held, and he, with the rest, was convicted of treason. With the exception of Gove, all were soon set at liberty. He was sent to England and imprisoned in the Tower of Londun for three of the yeafrs, , It is when he was pardoned and his estate restored to him. impossible, in this limited work, to give a detailed account f every thing pertaining to the first settlers of but it may be New-Hampshire well enough to state, that Cranfield was the most ty- He rannical Governor that ever ruled the State. carried measures to make comKing in relation to his conduct towards the colony. Alter long delays Weare made out his complaint in general terms, to such lengths, that Nathaniel Weare was appointed plaint to the which was referred ing, they made to the Board of Trade. After a lengthy hear- He out a report censuring the course of Cranfield. was granted leave of absence, and sailed for Jamaica. Walter Barefoot, his deputy, succeeded him, and continued in office till Dudley, as President of New-England, superceded Barefoot. This brought New-Hampshire again under the same government with Massachusetts. In a few months, Dudley was succeeded by Sir Edward Andros, and Governor-in-chief of New-England. Andros came among the colonies of New-England, with great pretensions of honesty, and to administer to the people a liberal form of government. as Captain But he soon showed himself field. His rule was to be nearly as great a tyrant as Cran- short, to the great joy of the colonies. Wil- when the colonies received the news of a change, the people assembled and immediately imprisoned Andros, and soon after sent him to Eng- liam III ascended the throne of England in 1688, and land as a prisoner. For two years the New-Hampshire colonies were left without a government, waiting orders from the mother country, but none came. In 1690, they petitioned to be admitted under the jurisdic- tion of Massachusetts, to the which was granted, and delegates were sent In the General Court of that colony for nearly two years. meantime, Mason died, leaving their title to his land claims in New-Hamp- John and Robert Mason. They soon sold all Samuel Allen, of London, who was commissioned shire to his two sons, �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 9 Governor, and John Usher, as Lieutenant-Governor, with power to act in Allen's absence. . This change of Government was against the express wishes of the people of New-Hampshire, who desired to ba annexed to the colony of Massachusetts. In 1689, a new Indian war broke out, instigated, in part, by the French who had settlements in the province of Canada. On the evening of June 27, 1G89, through apparent friendship, certain parties in of Indians applied for lodgings at each of the garrison houses When Dover. deep the people had retired, and all were locked in all the gates of the garrison were thrown open by the Indian lodgers, and the Indians without rushed in, and an inhuman butchery of the inmates commenced. Major Waldrou, then eighty years of age, was put to death in the most cruel manner. Major Waldron was a brave man, and for many sleep, at a given signal, years the Indians had stood in fear of him. as using the Indians harshly in many He has been charged, instances, and doubtless the tortures inflicted on him were to retaliate some wrong which some of their tribe had received at his hands. In this attack on Dover twenty-three persons were killed and twenty-nine taken prisoners and carried to Canada. In this war, people were killed in Salmon Falls, Newiugton, Exeter, Rye, Durham and many small In Durham, Villieu, who was in Command at Penobaccompanied by a French Priest, made the attack with two hundred French and Indians. Nearly all the houses were burned, settlements. scott, and nearly one hundred of the inhabitants were captive to Canada. Hampshire From killed or carried this time, till 1697, the suffered severely people of New- by these frequent attacks of the In- by the French, who were quite as savage in their mode of warfare; and their conduct in countenancing the killing of defenceless women and children, was a disgrace to any uation which pertains to civilization. Among the victims who fell by those middians, led on night attacks was the widow of President Cutts. made an after, In 1696, they attack on Portsmouth, and killed fourteen persons. Soon peace was declared between the English and French govern- ments, and the Indians were informed by their French allies that they had no further use for them, and advised to bury the hatchet, which they reluctantly consented to. Most of the captives were restored, and thus ended a distressing war with a cruel and treacherous foe. The administration of Usher was unpopular with the people. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 10 His manners were haughty, of Allen, who claimed besides, they knew he was ridge, of Portsmouth, superceded Usher in the interest In 1696, the land they occupied. One of his first acts was to restore several members of who had been suspended by Usher. In 1698, the Earl was appointed Governor of New Wm. Part- as Lieutenant Governor. the council Belmont York, Massachusetts Bay and of New-Hampshire. During the year, Allen came over and assumed the rule of the There was a continual altercation between him and the colony. people, originating from the claim he pretended to hold on their In the Spring of 1699, the people were relieved from the land. and the Earl of Belmont assumed the government of reinstated Partridge. Allen being disappointed and provoked at the treatment he had received at the hands of the Earl of Bellomont, and the cool reception of the people, again attempted to gain possession of the territory he had purchased of the rule of Allen, New-Hampshire and Masons. The courts of the colony decided against him. He then applied to the King, but he could not fully convince him, of the validity of his claim new suits in the ; but he was granted permissson to commence New-Hampshire courts. His sudden death pre- vented any final decision. Allen left one son, who was sole heir to his claim. the suit, but a verdict was rendered against him. He renewed He then ap- pealed to the Queen, but, before a final decision, death ended the contest. The controversy was claimants, under Mason's province. amount of finally terminated by yielding to the grant, the unoccupied portions of the This Mason controversy had been the source of a great trouble to the colonies for nearly seventy-five years. There was scarcely a year but these claims were presented to the either by courts or by governors appointed people, in some form for that purpose, in the interests of the. Masons. In 1702, the Earl of Bellomont having died, the Queen appointed Joseph Dudley Governor of Massachusetts and New-Hampshire. The next year Usher was again appointed Lieutenant Governor. Dudley, on assuming his office, fearing that the Indians had a ; feeling of discontent, called the chiefs of several tribes together, and again renewed their friendship which they promised to maintain. But in 1703, owing to the trouble between the French and English governments, the Indians, notwithstanding the pledges they had made to Governorr Dudley but a few months before, were iuduced �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 11 again to dig up the hatchet, and once more the horrors of the torch, the tomahawk and scalping knife flashed vividly before the This was commonly called Queen eyes of the infant settlement. Ann's war, and continued for nearly ten years. At Hampton village, five persons were killed by the savages, among whom was the The widow Mussey, a talented speaker among the Friends. Indians were punished severely, frequently, and many killed, but still they were not disheartened so long as the French were their proThey attacked the settlements on Lamprey and Oyster tectors. In Rivers, houses were burned, and men and women were killed. He w as a brave officer 1710, Col. Winthrop Hilton was killed. T Exeter and and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. Dover were visited by the Indians and deeply tasted the bitter Peace was declared at Utrecht, in 1712, to fruits of a savage war. the great joy of the people, and, not long after, a formal peace was ratified with the Indians. We now brought to nearly ninety years since the first setcommenced at Dover and Portsmouth, and we have en- are tlements deavored to give a brief account of the most important events that had transpired up mentioned nearly mentioned —from 1702 to 1741, We Queen Ann's war. to the close of all the rulers have of any note up to the time before New-Hampshire and Massachusetts were united under one general government. Benning Wentworth was appointed Governor of New-Hampshire in 1741, and John Wentworth, his nephew, in 1767, and held his office up to the time of the war, of the Revolution in 1775. For sixty years, up to to the date of the Revolution, there frequent troubles with the Indians, and fathers many and mothers, of future happiness were fond anticipations, by in this world, were dashed forever out of sight by the torch and tomahawk, in a single night. But the first settlers of New-Hampshire were adventurous men and women, full of energy, and not to be deterred or intimidated, by any reverses that might befall them, from their purposes. They left the land of their birth, across the Atlantic, for the purpose of securing a home them in the wilds of in their New-Hampshire, and whatever danger met path they faced with courage and with a full deter- mination to succeed. "With such determined minds, tlers of it might be expected that the New-Hampshire were annually extending and that the red men of the forest set- their boundaiies, were constantly receding. At �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 12 the date of the commencement of the war of the Revolution, there fifty incorporated towns, and eighty- were nearly one hundred and two thousand inhabitants in the State. Our limited space, in this department of the work, will not per- mit us to give an extended account of the trials and hardships which our forefathers were subjected to, in securing homes for their children and their posterity, which thousands of the happy sons and daughters of New-Hampshire are enjoying to-day. Considerable space is given to the ancient records of the State, boundary line between Massachusetts and NewHampshire, and some of the early organizations of the towns, which relative to the is an important chain of history for the future. We append a few extracts of the Ancient Records, from the Rev. Joseph B. Felt's Collections Association," giving &c, of some " Between the following for the " American Statistical dates of grants, settlements, New-Hampshire. and Massachusetts, there was a long parts of the State of this State tion arose, though others of similar kind dis- Before this ques- cussion relative to their individual boundaries. had been agitated, the whole being chiefly caused by the Patents largely infringing upon each other, all the settlements of New-Hampshire had put themselves Portsmouth and under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. Dover, by their own request and previous assignment of their proprietors, became thus subject, October 9, session of May 10, 1643. Exeter, having was received at the 1641. petitioned, Sept. 8, 1642, to be alike privileged, Under such circumstances, Massachusetts 'On perusal of our Charter, it passed the ensuing order in 1652: was this day voted by the whole Court, that the extent of the line is to be from the northernmost part of the Merrimac River and three miles farther north, be it a hundred miles more or less from the sea, and from thence upon a straight line east and west to each sea; and this is to be the true interpretation of the terms of the limit northward, granted in the Patent.' Subsequent to employed two commissioners to run these limits, this action, they with the assistance The report of this survey is as follows At Aqueduhtan (now Lake Village), the name of the head of the Merrimac, where it issues out of the Lake called Winnapuseaki (Winnipiseogee), upon the first day of August, 1652, we observed, and by observation found, that the latitude of the place was 43° of two surveyors. 40' 12", besides those : ' minutes which were to be allowed for three �FIRST SETTLEMENT. miles 13 into the Lake.' This took place while more north, which run the regal government of the mother country was suspended, while there was no probability that Parliament would allow the patent of Mason, which was of doubtful authority, and while the colonists were clearing themselves, as much as they could with safety, from subjection to the English government. inhabitants of New-Hampshire were It was done, also, when the desirous of remaining under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, as a protection from anarchy among themselves, and from the depredations of the enemy without. Mr. Mason renewed his suit, as soon as Charles II. ascended the throne and began to manifest his hostility to the Bay colony for their anti-royal sentiments in and practices. A decision was rendered the favor of Mason, in 1675, at the time the inhabitants of England were New- the greatest power to avert striving with their threatened extermination by the Indians, under the leadership of Edward Randolph, Philip. ready a relative of the claimant, always our shores with unwelcome messages, came over the to visit He visited New-Hampshire and made known the deMr. Mason to the inhabitants. Some, as is usual in such emergences, were forward to denounce Massachusetts, and thought by this means to make capital for the advancement of their own interests. The inhabitants of Dover protested against the claim of Mason; declared that they had bona fide purchased their lands next year. sires of of the Indians ; recognized their subjection to the government of Massachusetts, under and by whom whom they were now they had lived so long and happily, assisted in defending their estates families against the savage enemy. leave them unmolested. and asked They Portsmouth protested for like relief from in a similar his royal highness. The and King petitioned the to manner, intrigues of the political foes of Massachusetts being favored by the King, they succeeded with him, and, in 1680, New-Hampshire, by his orders, became a colony. The principal inhabitants, even then knowing that this change was to forward other purposes than their withdrew from Massachusetts. Such a course encroached upon the limits of the latter colony, by withdrawing from it the following towns. The dates annexed benefit, with reluctance to the towns denote their incorporation ; italics express their In- and Roman letters their former English names. "Portsmouth, 1653. Piscataquach, Strawberry Bank. Settled under David Thompson, 1643; patronized by Sir Fernando Gorges dian names ; — �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 14 and Capt. John Mason and The others. Harbor, called Mason Hall. Little It first house was built at was incorporated by a char- ter of 1633. Dover, Sept. Cochecho and Winnichahanat, Hilton's 8, 1642. Northam. Settled under Edward and William Hilton, 1623, by order of an association in England, denominated the Company of Laconia. The proprietors of Dover and Portsmouth — Point, assigned June their jurisdiction over these places to Massachusetts, 14, 1641. Exeter, May 10, 1643. Swamscot (Falls.)—Settled, 1638, by Rev. John Wheelwright and others exiled from Massachusetts fessing the Antinomian principles of Anne Hutchinson. Hampton, Sept. 4, 1639. Winnacunet or Winnaeowett. for pro- —By or- der of Massachusetts, a house was erected here as a sign of possession, 1636, It was by Nicholas Easton, commonly called the 'Bound Oyster River, ham. house.' settled in 1638. May 17, 1675. —Part Its inhabitants petitioned to Great Island, Oct. 15, 1679. of Dover. It now Dur- is be a town in 1669. —Part of Portsmouth. It is how Newcastle.. These six towns, except Portsmouth, were incorporated by Massachusetts." At the time New-Hampshire became a separate jurisdiction, it appears that Oyster River was again considered a part of Dover, and Great Island again as part of Portsmouth. October 16, 1672, Massachusetts, in addition, granted Portsmouth a village, about the bounds of Dover, which is thought to have been Newington. the time Charles II acknowledged the claim of Mason to At New- Hampshire, he also acknowledged his claim to the tract extending from Merrimac River to Naumkeag River, in Salem, and called Mariana. Wanalaset, chief sachem on the Merrimac River, sold a large November 5, 1685, which was afterward assigned to New-Hampshire. The purchasers, of him, were Joseph Dudly, Samuel Shrimpton and Richard Wharton. The territory, thus purchased, extended six miles ou each side of the Merrimac River, and from Souhegan River on one side, to Brentou's Farm, or Littleton, on the other, up to the southerly part of Lake Winnipiseogee. tract of land, By laid order of Massachusetts, a reservation of three miles square was out, for certain Indians. Twenty proprietors, who were to �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 15 title for a company. To effect this, Mason a relinquishment of the claim hold equal shares, obtained the they acquired of Robert T. he made to it, and entered into a mutual agreement, May 12,1686, whole territory. This was called the million for the control of the acre purchase. June 14, 1728, the General Court of Massachusetts, after pro- tracted consideration, agreed that the vote pertaining to townships in New-Hampshire, Dec. 13, 1727, The should be carried into effect. vote was, for the better protection of the inhabitants, and to diminish the cost of defence in war, townships, each of six miles square, be laid out, by committees, in a straight line, from the north-east cor- ner of Northfield, to the north-west corner of Dunstable, northward of the said line ten miles, to the south-ward five miles, on both sides of Merrimac River, east of said river three miles, and west of from the north part of Dunstable miles, to the it six south part of Con- Jan. 15, 1736, the Legislature of Massachusetts accepted cord. the report of a committee. It proposed that, for protection and defence, a line of towns from the north-west corner of Rumford or Great Falls of Connecticut River, and from these on the east side of said river, to Arlington, and one or two Concord, falls, to the towns, between these falls, and the equivalent land on the west side of this river, be laid out. The demanding a further prosecution of on Wednesday, Feb. 2, 1737, "In the House of Representatives. Whereas the following order: several townships, heretofore granted, are now settling, and many inhabitants have actually got on Asheuelot River, and on a township granted to Josiah Willard, Esq., and others, lying on or near Connecticut River, and also other people are settled on several townships, on or near Merrimac River, which have not as yet been laid to or declared in what county they lye, and it being necessary that those people know in what county they be in order to have their title recorded, the King's peace preserved, and common jusnecessity of the times their object, the Legislature passed, — tice done therein, as other ince ; his Majestie's subjects within this prov- wherefore, voted that the said townships, granted to Josiah Willard, and commonly called Arlington, the two townships on Asheuelot River, the township granted to Sylvester and company, the several townships to the westward of Connecticut River, the four townships on the east side and adjoining to Connecticut River, and also three, four, eight and nine in the line of towns, and the lands �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 16 lying and being within the same, shall and are hereby declared to lie within and be accounted part of the county of Hampshire, and that the several townships following, the Narragansett towns, called number three and five, the Canada towns, granted to Capt. King and company, the townships granted to Capt. Rayment and company the township granted to the late Capt. William Tyng and company, that granted to John Simpson and others that granted ; to the inhabitants of Ipswich, the township granted to Capt. Gor- ham and company, Canada soldiers, the township granted to the John Lovell and soldiers at Suncook, the township granted to Mr. John Coffin and others, and number one, two, five, six and seven in the line of towns, shall be and are hereby delate Capt. clared part of and belonging to the county of Middlesex together with the lands and farms, lying within and adjoining any other of the said townships, and that the Canada township granted to Capt. Withington and company, and the township granted to Capt. Tilton and company, that were in the Canada Expedition, 1690, with the lands between these townships and others, belonging to Worcester county, shall be and are hereby declared to belong to the county of Worcester, and be accounted as part thereof for the future. In Council Read and Concurred. Consented to, J. BELCHER. Soon the arrangement was interrupted. As countenance had St. James, to the claim of Mason, a more explicit questioning of the territory belonging to Massachubeen given, at the Court of setts, on Merrimac River, the agent for New-Hampshire, John Ringe, while in England, stated the following: setts, in the reign of Queen Anne, taxed That Massachu- the people of his colony, who all resi .ed five miles north of the Merrimac, and, in 1719, claimed land for three miles on the same side of this river, from the mouth thereof to its head, which they called Winnipiseogee Lake and, in 1731, declined to relinquish jurisdiction over the townships that they had granted, which made their bounds eleven miles and three quarters north of said river. The plea made on these grounds, by Commissioners before the own King Bay dislike for the political policy of the to decide, April 9, in Council, with his 1740, far more favorably to than they had even expected. him New-Hampshire Legislature, led This decision was, that the northern �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 17 boundary of Massachusetts, be a similar curve, pursuing the course Merrimac River at three miles distance on the north side thereof, beginning at the Atlantic Ocean, and in a straight line from of thence due west, until By ments. est meets with his Majestie's other govern- it such a determination, expressly contrary to the plain- language of our shire. The subsequent marks, towns have the following accepted ; mark, New-Hamp- the dates after these pi'efixed to significations, No J settled. which had charter, the ensuing towns, first been granted by our commonwealth, were assigned to namely * granted : ; f plat so placed, indicates incororpation. The Indian names of towns are printed in italics, and their former. English names in Roman letters. New Style is used as to the years. Amherst, fDec. 18, 1728. (West) Souhegan, Salem NarraNo. 3. Granted for service in the Narraganset Expedition April 26, 1733 and confirmed in 1733. — ganset, Bedford, fFeb. 26, 1734. 5. — Granted in the (East) Souhegan, Narraganset, No. Benjamin Smith and to others, June, 1732, for service Narraganset Expedition, 1675. Boscawen, *Dec. and o.thers. Bow, | Feb. 1, 1732. 8, Dantzick. 1737. Settled about 1737. Contoocook. — Granted — Granted to John for service in Coffin Canada Expedition of 1690. No. Charlestown, fFeb. 27, 1734. first 4.— Took its name from the one of Sir Charles Knowles, who presented a sword to Capt Phineas Stevens, for his brave defence of its fort in 1747. Chesterfield, f Jan. 15, 1736. No. 1. Concord, * Jan. 17, 1726. Pennicooh, Salem, 1663. Irish settlers were here, right of grant, 1725. March 22, 1724. Settled about 1727. — Rumford. Granted to and claimed Peunicook, by Purchased of Massachusetts March Incorporated in 4, 1734. Dunbarton, and part of Weare, "("March 20, 1736. Beverly Canada, or Hale's Town. Stark's Town. Granted for service in Canada Expedition of 1690. Dunstable, * Oct. 15, 1673.— Settled about 1672. — —Granted to Joseph Green, Isaac others, for lands in Stockbridge. Acceptance of plat Francestown, f July 18, 1673. Walker and not signed by Governor. Goffstown, fFeb. 26, 1734. Township. —Granted Narraganset No. for service in the 4, Amoskeag Falls Narraganset Expedition �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 18 A of 1675. committee of proprietors dated a notice for their its meeting at Dighton, in 1736. Henniker, Jan. to No. 15, 1736. John Whitman and Hillsborough, Jan. 15, 1736. who sold it to 6, Todd's Town.—Granted, 1735, others. John Hill and —Granted to people of Plymouth, others. Fort Dummer, Bridgman's Fort, was part of Northfield. Resettled, 1739. (Township, 'above Northfield, was granted to John Pynchon and others, June 18, 1685. His petition for it that he proposed the reHinsdale, | Dec. 1, Settled before 1683. 1736. It quest to prevent " ye incroachments of ye French vpon vs on Con- who vndovbtedly, according necticut River, above Sqvakeag, what intelligence* I have met with, are designed to to possess yt place at Coassit." Parish of Dunstable. 1 1731. Nissitkset— "West Hollis, Powers, born at Littleton, Ms., and his wife, Anna Peter Keyes, born at Chelmsford, and their children, settled at Hollis, Jan., 1731. Hopkinton, Jan. 15, 1736. No. 5, New Hopkinton. Kcene, f June 21, 1734. (Upper) Ashuelot. Ordered to be laid — out, June 24, 1731. Lempster, Jan. 15, 1736. Lyscom and Litchfield, about 1656. No. 9, Dwpplin. —Granted to Samuel others. July 4, 1734. Natdcott, Brenton's Farms. Regranted, July Londonderry, J 1719. sachusetts, Dec. 1, 1720. 9, —Granted 1729. Nutfield. — Settlers warned away by Mas- — Lyndeborough, f June 17, 1736. Salem Canada. Granted to Samuel King and others, for services in Canada Expedition of 1690. Merrimac, June 6, 1733. Part of Dunstable and Bedford. New Boston, f March 20, 1736. Piscataquog, Lane's Town. Granted to Andrew Lane, John Simpson, and others. Had sixty houses and a meeting-house, etc., 1740. New Ipswich, * Jan. 15, 1736. Ipswich Canada. Granted for service in Canada Expedition of 1690 to John Wainwright and — — others. Plat accepted Nottingham, J 1710. March — Part 20, 1736. of Dunstable. Incorporated Jan. 16, 1733. — Pembroke, * Aug. 6, 1728. Suncook, Lovewell's Town. Granted men for service, under Capt. John Lovewell, at Pigwacket fight. Peterborough, f June 16, 1738. Granted to Samuel Harwood and others, for service in Cauada Expedition of 1690. to — �FIRST SETTLEMENT. 19 — Kichmond, f July 6, 1736. Sylvester's Canada. Granted for service in Canada Expedition, 1690. Rindge, * Feb. 3, 1737. Rowley Canada. Granted to John Tyler, Joseph Pike, and others, for service in Canada Expedition of 1690. Plan of it laid before General Court, Jan. 23, 1739. — Appropriation made for a meeting-house, 1743. Salisbury, * Feb. 3, 1737. Baker's Town, and Stevens's Town. Granted for service in Canada Expedition of 1690, under Captains John March, Stephen Greenleaf, and Philip Nelson. Plat confirmed, Jan. 2, 1740. — (Lower) Ashuelot. Ordered to be June 24, 1731. Tyng's Town, |May 1, 1736. "Old Harry Town."— East of Bow and Gofistown. Granted in 1735 for service, under Capt. William Tyng, in 1703, by "pursuing the Indian enemy into their own country on snow shoes," the first attempt of that kind. Soon Swanzey, f Feb. 21, 1734. laid out, settled after 1738. Walpole, Jan. Granted No. 2, to 15, 1736. John Flint and No. 2, Great Fall, Bellows others, Nov., 1736. but called No. 3 in a petition of its Town.— Marked on a map proprietors. Warner, * 1735. New Amesbury. Washington, Jan. 15, 1736. New Concord, Camden. Westmoreland, Jan. 15, 1736. No. 1, Great Meadow. Winchester, f June 21, 1733. Arlington, to its incorporation. Granted to Josiah Willard and others. Incorporated, June 20, 1739. " Besides these towns, Massachusetts by the decision in favor of New-Hampshire, Guildford, granted for service under Capt. Samuel Gallop, in Canada Expedition of 1690, and its plat accepted, Feb. Groton Grant, 3, 1737, aud other towns subsequently of Vermont or equivalent of 10,800 acres, for what was included by Littleton, Major Willard and Reed's Farms, and for loss in Indian wars, granted, April, 1735, and confirmed, Juue 15, 1736; portions of Salisbury, Amesbury, Haverhill, Methuen, Townsend, Ashburnham, Bernardstown, Colerain, Conway, and other territory." ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 20 CHAPTER Brief history of the War II. of the Revolution, Federal Constitution, Great Rebellion, Regiments, The war and of the Officers, etc. of the Revolution originated through the persistent determination of the mother country to tax the colonies, without their consent. The and reprehad no voice in the colonies maintained that taxation sentation were inseparable ; and that, as they The it had no honorable right to tax them. tax imposed, was in 1765, and called the " Stamp Act," which English Parliament, first ordained that, upon all business documents and newspapers, stamps should be fixed, which the colonies were. obliged to purchase of This Stamp Act met with such opposition that was repealed in 1766, but Parliament at the same tima asserted The next the right to bind the colonies in all cases whatever. year they imposed a tax on tea, and several other imports. Like the Stamp Act, it was met with powerful opposition. This tyranand nical course of England the colonies refused to assent to when two or three cargoes of tea arrived in Boston the people were determined that it should not be landed, and, on the night of De- the government. it ; cember 16, 1773, a party, disguised as Indians, boarded the vessels and threw three hundred and sixty-two chests of tea into the harbor. The English government were indignant, and were determined that the colonies should yield to their requests, and the colonies were quite as determined not to submit to any laws they had no part in making. At length, the troubles between the mother country and her colonies culminated in bloodshed, on the nineteenth day of April, 1775, at Lexington, Massachusetts, and ter- minated by the colonies becoming a free and independent nation. The people of New-Hampshire had always been loyal to the mother country, but, when their liberties were at stake, they were quite as zealous to defend their rights as those of their sister states �FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. and furnished pendence. their full quota of But our men to secure 21 our American inde- limited space will not permit us to give extended history of the war of Independence neither ; for every reader is is it any required, conversant with the history of the American Revolution. The Revolution produced, of course, its own heroes ; and New- Hampshire, to-day, feels proud of her Langdons, Weare, Sullivan, Stark, Scammel, Hale, and many others, who lent a helping hand in this great struggle for American liberty. On almost every northern battlefield, the blood of New-Hampshire's sons ran freely. At Bunker Long Island, Monmouth, Bennington, Stillwater, many other smaller battles, they assisted in sealing Hill, Saratoga, and in our independence with their blood. FORMATION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. — At the close of the war of the revolution, our country what is now called the United States was divided into thirteen colonies or For five years States, with separate, oi'ganized state governments. — the states lived under a national confederate compact soon found that this compact had no strength in a national government. war and contract debts ; ; but itself to it was maintain The confederated Congress could declare it had no power to pay those debts, but only to advise the several states to pay their respective shares of debts thus contracted by Congress. In May, 1787, delegates from the several states (with the excepRhode Island) met in Philadelphia to form a National Con- tion of stitution. After a session of four months of careful consideration, and looking at the several interests of the respective states, the we now live, was and signed by the members of the Convention, September 17, 1787, and received the assent of the requisite number of states George Washington was the unaniearly in the summer of 1788. mous choice of the people for the first President under the new Constitution, and was inaugurated in the city of New York, April 30, 1789, as President, and John Adams as Vice President of the United States of America. As the central government of the nation is part of the history of New-Hampshire, and for future reference of our readers, we here- Constitution of the United States, under which drafted, �22 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. with append a list of all the presidents and vice presidents of the United States up to the present time. �23 THE GREAT REBELLION. Southern States openly declared, in their sion, seats, the right of seces- their intention of resigning their seats in the national and home to sustain it. The first hustile demonstration made agaiust our national Government was the firing upon the steamer "Star of the West'' which Congress, and returning was sent with provisions to supply Maj. Anderson, stationed at Fort The next was the Sumter, in Charleston harbor, South Carolina. bombardment of that forces, and fort its capitulation to the Southern April 13, 1861. The firing on Fort Sumter created a great indignation throughout the whole North, and, on the fifteenth day of April, the President called for seventy-five thousand troops, to serve for three months. Thus commenced one of the greatest rebellions that ever occurred any civilized nation, which Continued for four years, and over five hundred thousand men sacrificed their lives, doubtless they all thought, for the good of their country. But this national calamity brought forth some good fruits. African slavery, that had been the scourge of the nation for so many years, was forever prohibited, and to-day every person in our nation enjoys, under the law, every blessing which his Creator intended for him. New-Hampshire promptly responded to the call of the President, and the first New-Hampshire Regiment of U. S. Volunteers was armed and equipped and ready for the field, May 25, 1861. The officers of the First New-Hampshire Regiment were Mason W. Thomas J. Whipple, Laconia, LieuTappan, Bradford, Colonel tenant Colonel Aaron F. Stevens, Nashua, Major Enoch Q. Fellows, Sandwich, Adjutant Richard N. Batchelder, Manchester, Quartermaster Moses K. Hazeltou, Bradford, Paymaster Alpheus B. Crosby, Hanover, Surgeon Henry C. Shaw, Hanover, Assistant Surgeon and Stephen G. Abbott, Bradford, Chaplain. in ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Space will not permit us The officers. first to give a full regiment did not see of the Company fighting, but their list much duties were quite as arduous, if not as dangerous. They were on picket duty on the Potomac, the larger portion of the time on the Maryland side of the river. inarched through House, in When Col. Tappan with his regiment Pennsylvania Avenue, he passed the White review before President Lincoln, and thence two and one- half miles to his camp. They had scarcely reached their quarters, before a messenger arrived from the President, complimenting Col. Tappan as having the best and most thoroughly appointed reg- �24 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. iment that had thus far reached Washington. August New-Hampshire had out at Concord, in the service, een regiments of Infantry They were mustered 1861. 9, through the rebellion, eight- N. H. Battalion of New-England Cavalry First Regiment N. H. Volunteer Cavalry New-Hampshire First Battery First Regiment New-Hampshire Heavy Artillery, eighteen hundred men Company " E" First Regiment U. S. ; ; ; ; ; Sharpshooters shooters Go's. " ; National Guards ; " G" Second Regiment U. S. SharpMartin Guards Lafayette Artillery; F" and ; ; and attached Company of New-Hampshire Volunteers. The last four companies were stationed at Fort Constitution in Portsmouth harbor, making in all that served against the rebellion, nearly thirty-three thousand men. The Second Regiment were three years men, and went into camp Portsmouth, and arrived on the field just in time to participate in the first battle of Bull Run. The officers of this regiment were Gilman Marston, Exeter, Colonel Francis S. Fisk, Keene, Lieutenant Colonel Josiah Stevens, Jr., Concord, Major Samuel G. Langley, Manchester, Adjutant; John S. Godfrey, Hampton Falls, Quartermaster; and Henry E. Parker, Concord, Chaplain. The second regiment, being the first in the field of battle, saw more service than any other, being nearly all the time in Virginia, where more blood was spilt than in any other State in the Union. The regiment had on its roll, over three thousand names. The officers that have been commissioned for its own regiment, and other military organizations, are one Major General two Brigadier at ; ; ; ; Generals five ; Colonels five ; ten Lieutenant Colonels Surgeons; ten Assistant Surgeons; Captains of the regular army one First Lieutenant the Volunteers ; in ; regular ; eleven Majors three Chaplains; sixty Captains in the Volunteers; army ; ninety first Lieutenants in seventy-one sec6nd Lieutenants of Volunteers Captains and Assistant Quartermasters missary of subsistence ; ; three ; two one Captain and Com; and three Medical Cadets. The Second marched over six thousand miles, participated in nearly thirty battles, and lost over one thousand men. The most important battles they were engaged in, were the first Bull Run, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, and the battles around Peters- burg. They were mustered out of 19, 1865. service at City Point, Va., Dec. �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, 25 AC. The Third New-Hampshire Regiment was the next in the field. Enoch Q. Fellows, Sandwich, Colonel John H. Jackson, Portsmouth, Lieut. Colonel; John Bedel, Major; A. A. Moulton, Surg. ; This regiment did good service in South Cai'olina and Virginia. They were of them. in many a hard-fought battle and lost heavily in some They were at James and several other battles. At Wagner and its siege, Bermuda Hundred, Deep Run, Island, Fort Drury's Bluff, Half-way House, Wagner, they lost at Deep Run, as a brave and effi- the battle of Fort one hundred and four men, killed and wounded They ninety-three. , eient regiment, July stood high in the service and were an honor to the State. ; Mustered out, 20, 1865. The Fourth Regiment was organized at Manchester, and mus- — The officers were Thomas Whipple, Laconia, Colonel; Louis Bell, Farmiugton, Lieut. tered into service in September, 1861. J. Colonel Jeremiah D. Drew, Salem, Major ; ; Henry W. Fuller, Concord, Adjutant; and John L. Kelley, Manchester, Quartermaster. The Fourth Regiment did good service in the field. When they New-Hampshire they went to Washington, and went into camp left near Bladensburg Toll-gate. Nov. 29th, they arrived at Port The regiment remained in South Carolina about three months, when they sailed for Fernandina, arriving there, March 5, 1862. They performed valuable service in the South, Royal, S. C. and were Richmond. We have not the movements of this regiment through was considered one of New- Hampshire's best regi- in several battles before we could wish records the war, but it Mustered ments. out, of the Aug 23, 1865. The Fifth Regiment was organized at Concord, and mustered into service, October 26, 1861. The officers were Edward E. Cross, Lancaster, Colonel Samuel G. Langley, Manchester, Lieut. ColoWilliam W. Cook, Derry, Major; Charles Dodd, Boston, nel Mass., Adjutant; Edmund M. Webber, Somersworth, Quartermaster Luther M. Knight, Franklin, Surgeon and Elijah R. ; ; ; ; Wilkins, Lisbon, Chaplain. Through the winter of 1861-2, the Fifth were in the vicinity of Washington, on the Virginia side of the Potomac, doing picket and drill duty, and perfecting themselves for the coming spring campaign. On the fourth of April, they embarked at Alexandria for the Peninsula, and landed near Ship Point, Virginia, and went �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 26 through that memorable campaign, under Gen. Richmond, summer Me Clellan, before They were engaged in the battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, and all through the seven days' fight before Richmond to Harrison's Landing. From Harrison's Landing they sailed for Washington, and arrived in time to assist Gen. Pope, who was hard pressed by Lee's Army, and from thence they marched to Antietam, and were engaged in that great battle. At the battle of Fair Oaks, Col. Cross and Maj. Cook were severely in the of 1862. wounded. We have a list of the casualties of the Fifth, in their first year's campaign Two officers killed and 17 wounded, 60 enlisted men killed, 240 wounded, and 16 missing, besides 69 who died in hospitals making a total of 404 men. Through all the subsequent years of the war, the Fifth took the front rank. At Fredericksburg Maj. Sturtevant was killed, and Col. Cross was killed at the great battle of Gettysburg. Mustered out, June 28, 1865. The Sixth Regiment was organized at Keene, and left for the The officers were Nelson Converse, seat of war, Dec. 25, 1861. Marlborough, Colonel Simon G. Griffin, Concord, Lieut. Colonel Phin P. Bixby, Concord, Charles Scott, Peterborough, Major Adjutant; Alonzo Nute, Farmington, Quartermaster; William A. Tracy, Nashua, Surgeon; and Robert Stinson, Croydon, Chaplain. Soon after the arrival of the Sixth at Washington, they were assigned to Gen. Burnside's Division, and proceeded to Hatteras, They performed some valuable service in North Inlet, N. C. : — ; ; ; Carolina, but returned to Virginia in time to participate in the battles of Second Bull Run, Chantilla, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and some other battles. In some of these engagements they lost very heavily. The Sixth was at the siege of Vicksburg and capture of Jackson, Miss., and all through the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, North Anna, Bowling Green, Cold Harbor, Bethesda Church, and arrived before Petersburg, June 19, 1864. regiment. They were Petersburg, where no It was a hard-marching and hard-fighting mine explosion before in the unfortunate commanding officer could be, or ever has been, found willing to take the responsibility of that needless disaster. They did good plainly shows. service for their country, as their record Mustered out, July 17, 1865. The "Seventh Regiment" was organized at Manchester, under �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, 27 AC. The the immediate supervision of Gen. Joseph C. Abbott. were Halderman Putnam, Cornish, Colonel officers Joseph C. Abbott, Manchester, Lieut. Colonel; Daniel Smith, Dover, Major; Thomas A. Henderson, Dover, Adjutant Andrew H. Young, Dover, QuarS. ; ; W William Brown, Manchester, Surgeon and James C. Emerson, Fisherville, Chaplain, The Seventh moved from Manchester to New York, Jan. 16, 1862. Feb. 13 they sailed for Tortugas, then they went to Beaufort, then to St. Augustine and Fernandina, Florida. In June, 1863, they sailed for Hilton Head. Up to this date they had done picket, garrison and fatigue duty the larger portion of the time, and being in a malarious country, they had lost nearly two hundred men. The first battle of any importance they were engaged in, was the unsuccessful assault on Fort Wagner, S. C. In this attack, Col. Putnam, Capt. Brown, Lieuts. Baker, Cate, Bennett, and Brown were killed, and four more officers died within a few days after the battle. Their whole loss in killed and wounded was two hundred and twelve men. On the 20th of December, they were again ordered to Florida, and placed under command of Gen. Seymour. February 20 the whole of Seymour's forces moved towards Lake City. After a march of fourteen miles they met the enemy in force at Olusta, and a fierce battle ensued, in which the northern forces were defeated. In this engagement the Seventh lost 209 men, in killed wounded and missing. May first they were ordered to Virginia, and landed at Bermuda Hundred, May 6, 1864. They were engaged in many of the battles before Richmond, mostly on the north side of James River, and lost many valuable officers and men. Although in not quite as many battles as some of the NewHampshire regiments, they faced the enemy with as much courage and fought with as much determination to secure victory as any regiment in the service. Mustered out July 20, 1865. The Eighth Regiment went into camp at Manchester and was mustered into service of the United States, December 23, 1861. The officers of this Regiment were Hawks Fearing, Jr., Manchester, Colonel Oliver W. Lull, Milford, Lieut. Colonel MorOrrin M. Head, Exeter, Adjutant rill B. Smith, Concord, Major Charles A. Putney, Manchester, Quartermaster Samuel G. Dearborn, Milford, Surgeon (but resigned) and Daniel P. Cilley, Farmtermaster ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ington, Chaplain. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 28 The Eighth left their camp in Manchester, for dence, in Boston Harbor, Jan. 24, 1862. all arrived safe at ship Island, near the camp River, and went into the command at the of General Butler. Fort Indepen- March 27 the regiment mouth of the Mississippi upper end of the Island, under New Orleans having fallen into the hands of the Union forces, they were ordered to quet, camp ParaThrough the summer they the vicinity of that city. in were performing guard and garrison duty. In October the Eighth was part of an expedition, under General Weitzel, up the Mississippi, and were engaged in a battle near Labadieville, in which they and forty-six wounded. In the winter of 1862-3 they were performing camp duty in various localities in Louisiana. The next summer they were under lost sixteen killed Gen. Banks at the siege of Port Hudson, and were engaged in both which proved a failure, not, however, from any lack of assaults owing valor, but to the impregnable position of the enemy's works. In these two assaults the Eighth and wounded. in killed They were in the two hundred and sixty lost Lieut. Colonel Lull was Red River among expedition, under Gen. Banks, considered one of the best regiments in the Army men the killed. of the Gulf. and In Dec, 1863, they were changed into cavalry, and called the Second New-Hampshire Cavalry, Finally mustered out of service, October 28, 1865. The Ninth Regiment was recruited at Concord, and lington Heights, Virginia, August Enoch Q. 25, Fellows, Sandwich, Colonel ; 1862. The left for officers Arwere Herbert B. Titus, Chester- New London, Major George H. Chandler, Concord, Adjutant; Carlton B. Hutchins, Lisbon, Quartermaster William A. Webster, Manchester, Surgeon and Edward M. Gushee, Dover, Chaplain. The Ninth arrived in the vicinity of Washington about the tim Gen. Pope was falling back, and Gen. Lee was pressing on with They joined the Union his victorious army, towards Maryland. Lieut. Colonel field, ; George W. Everett, ; ; forces under Lee. On Gen. McClellan, for the purpose of checking Gen, the fourteenth of September, only three weeks after they New-Hampshire, they were engaged in the battle of South On the seventeenth and eighteenth of September they were engaged in the great battle of Antietam, and exhibited uncommon bravery. They were in the battle of Fredericksburg, and lost heavily. After the battle of Fredericksburg, under command left Mountain. �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, 29 &C. of Gen. Burnside, they went to Kentucky and Tennessee, and won an enviable reputation in the discharge of provost and garrison From Kentucky they went down the Mississippi, and landduty. ed near Vicksburg. They took no immediate part in the siege of that celebrated city, but performed fatigue duty at Harris' Bluff, twenty miles up the Yazoo River. Ou the fall of Vicksburg they joined the column that went into the interior of the State after Johnston's army, who had hung in the rearof the Union forces at the siege, and participated in the battle fought near Jackson, the 12th and 13th of July, and at the capture of that city. Soon after they were again transferred to Kentucky, and assigned to provost duty at Paris. In the spring of tomac, and were in through up 1864, they again joined the all Army of the Po- House the battles from Spottsylvania Court to the front of Petersburg, and in all battles before that mine explosion, and did good service would take volumes where we can only spare pages to give a true history of this popular regiment through their various campaigns. Mustered out June 10, 1865. The Tenth Regiment went into camp in the summer of 1862. The officers were Michael T. Donohoe, Manchester, Colonel John city, to the celebrated through the war. It ; Coughlin, Manchester, Lieut. Colonel Major ter, ; Jesse F. Angell, Manches- William H. Cochran, Goffstown, Adjutant Thomas aud John Ferguson, Manches; Sullivan, Nashua, Quartermaster ter, ; ; Surgeon. AVe have not so good a history, in detail, of this brave regiment as we have of some others. They were in the battle of Fredericksburg, and were constantly in active service, and participated in nearly all say, there the battles around Richmond. It is not too much to was no Regiment which left New-Hampshire that stood any higher in the service than they, and none that New-Hampany prouder of, than the noble Tenth. Mustered out June 21, 1865. The Eleventh Regiment was organized at Concord, and left for shire feels the front Sept. 11, 1862. Warner, Colonel E. W. S. The Moses N. officers Lieutenant Colonel James F. Briggs, Hillsborough, Charles R. Morrison, Nashua, Adjutant; Ross, Somersworth, Surgeon, ton, Chaplain. were Walter Harriman, Collins, Exeter, Farr, Littleton, Major; Quartermaster; than ; Jona- and Frank K. Stratton, Hamp- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 30 The first battle, of any note, the Eleventh participated in, was They fought with unusual valor, for new two hundred officers and men. In the spriug of 1863, they were ordered to Kentucky. They staid in various parts of that State till June 2, when they sailed for Vieksburg, and were eugaged in that siege till its capitulation, July 4, 1863. They took a prominent part in the capture of Jackson, the capital of MissisFrom censippi after which they again returned to Kentucky. tral Kentucky, they performed a march of two hundred miles, over that of Fredericksburg. and troops, lost ; an almost trackless mountain, to Knoxville, Tennessee. They were engaged in that siege, under Gen. Burnside, and remained there till Gen. Longstreet was driven out of East Tennessee and joined his forces with Gen. Lee in Virginia. In the spring of 1864, the Eleventh again joined the army of They were engaged the Potomac in Virginia, under Gen. Grant. in all the battles in their march Richmond. In the battle of the and Colonel Harriman very heavily in all these battles, on to wilderness, Lieut. Col. Collins was killed They lost march to the front of Petersburg. The Eleventh has seen a There has been inscribed on their large amount of hard service. banner, by order from the War Department, for meritorious conwas taken prisoner. their duct in battle, " Fredericksburg, Jackson, East Tennessee, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Grove Church, Hatcher's Run, Petersburg. ment was considered one of the June 4, 1865. On Twelfth Regiment. : This Regi- ' —mustered out best in the service the tenth day of August, 1862, the Gover- nor of New-Hampshire gave permission and issued recruiting papers to raise and officer a Regiment in Belknap and Caroll counties, it could be done in ten days. In six days from the date of the recruiting papers, the Adjutant General of the State was notified that ten full companies had been raised. They were encamped at Concord for drill, prior to their provided leaving for the seat of war. The officers were Joseph H. Potter, Concord, Colonel John F. George D. Savage, Alton, Marsh, Hudson, Lieutenant Colonel Major Daniel S. Beede, Meredith, Adjutant; Isaac Winch, MereH. B. Fowler, Bristol, Surgeon Charles W. dith. Quartermaster ; ; ; ; ; Hunt, Laconia, Assistant Surgeon, and Thomas L. Ambrose, Ossipee, Chaplain. �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, September 26, 1862, they left Concord 31 AC. for Washington, and were placed in the defence around the Capital until the seventeenth of October, when they made a circuitous route through Maryland, and arrived near Falmouth, Va., Nov. They were engaged 23. in the bittle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, and remained in the vicinity of that city, till May April 30, 1863. battle of Chancellorsville and lost they participated in the 3, very heavily. shot through the leg and taken prisoner. Col. Potter was Lieutenant Colonel Marsh and Major Savage were severely wounded. They went into the fight with twenty-eight commissioned officers, and five hundred and forty-nine enlisted men. Three commissioned officers were killed, and fifteen wounded forty-two enlisted men killed, two hundred and twelve wounded, fifty-one taken prisoners and three missing making an aggregate loss of three hundred and eighty, or nearly two thirds of their Regiment engaged. July 2, 1863, they commenced the battle of Gettysburg losing ninety-two officers and enlisted men. July 26, they were ordered to report to General Marston, then stationed at Point Lookout, to guard prisoners. They remained ; April 11, when they more active and dangerous Bermuda Hundred, May Space will not permit us to give any of our Regiments, 6, 1864. the full credit that belongs to them. The twelfth were engaged in many of the battles around Richmond, and at the battle of Cold Harbor, and lost, in killed and wounded, one hundred and sixty-five men and officers. They have seen much hard fighting aud have done honor to themselves and the State. Mustered out, June there till service before left for Richmond and arrived at 21, 1865. The Thirteenth Regiment went into camp at Concord in the fall were Aaron F. Stevens, Nashua, Colonel George Bowers, Nashua, Lieutenant Colonel Jacob I. Storer, Portsmouth, Major George H. Gillis, Nashua, Adjutant Percy of 1862. Its officers ; ; ; C. Cheeney, Peterborough, Quartermaster ; George B. Twitchell, Keene, Surgeon, and G. C. Jones, Nashua, Chaplain. The Thirteenth left Concord for the defences around WashingThey remained there until the first day of ton, October 6, 1862. December, when they moved for Falmouth, Va., opposite Fred- ericksburg, arriving there three clays prior to the battle of Fredericksburg. They were in the thickest of the fight and lost forty- one men and officers. They remained at Falmouth till February �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 32 when they moved with the Ninth Array Corps to Newport The thirteenth of March, they moved to Suffolk, to defend position. On the 3d of May, at the battle of Suffolk, they lost 1863, News. that thirty men, killed and wounded. A short time after the battle of Suffolk they retired to the vicinity of Portsmouth, Va., and re- mained there until the Spring of 1864, with the exception of two Companies who were ordered to Fort Tillinghast on Arlington Heights, and were instructed in Heavy Artillery exercises, through the winter of 1863-4. May 7, < 1864, the Thirteenth mond, being in the commenced Second Brigade, first to move towards Rich- Division of the Eighteenth Army Corps, and participated in many of the battles around Richmond. They were in the battles of Walthall Road, Swift Creek, Kingsland Creek, Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, Battery 5 Petersburg, Fort Harrison, besides several smaller ones. The General commanding the Army ordered these battles to be placed upon the national colors of the regiment. The Thirteenth did good service, and were distinguished for their daring bravery. Mustered out, June 21, 1865. The Fourteenth Regiment was organized at Concord, in the latter part of the summer of 1862. The officers were Robert Wilson, Keene, Colonel Tileston A. Barker, Westmoreland, Lieut. Colonel; Samuel A. Duncan, Plainfield, Major Alexander Gardiner, Claremont, Adjutant Willian A. Hurd, Sandwich, Quartermaster William Henry Thayer, Keene, Surgeon; and Elihu T. Rowe, ; ; ; Plainfield, Chaplain. The Fourteenth left Concord for Washington, the latter part of Through the fall and winter they did picket duty on the Potomac River. In the latter part of April, 1863, they were ordered to Washington and remained there till February, 1864, doing provost duty. They furnished guard for the old Capital Prison, Central Guard House, and ten other posts in the city. October, 1862. Their duties, in the city, were so varied, that our pages will not permit us to give a detailed account of them. February at 27, 1864, they received orders to take transportation, New York permit to left or Boston, for the department of the Gulf, with the visit their New York for homes in New-Hampshire New Orleans, March before sailing. They 20th, in the steamer Daniel Webster, with seven companies, and Major Gardiner, in the steamer Liberty, with three companies. The Webster had a long, stormy voyage, but arrived all safe. �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, AC. 33 The Fourteenth were again ordered New of Orleans — Maj. General 6th, they were ordered to the On to the first New week in July, the to guard duty in the vicinity Reynolds commanding. January mouth of Red River, for camp duty. regiment sailed down the Mississippi Orleans, where they again sailed north to join the armies Six companies went in the Continental, and the next day the other four companies sailed in the steamer General Lyon. The regiment was not united again till the nineteenth of August. The four companies went to Washington, and the six to Bermuda Hundred, and were in the attack at Deep Bottom. On the 31?t in Virginia. of July, they were ordered to Washington; and from thence, they joined Gen. Sheridan's Army, at Berry ville, on the 18th of August. The next day Major Gardiner rejoined the regiment with his four companies. The Fourteenth were in the great battles of the 19th and 22d of September and the 19th of October, at Cedar Creek. The 19th of September they lost one hundred and fifty men. Thirteen out of twenty-one officers were killed or wounded, Gardiner being mortally wounded. The duties of the — Colonel army of the Shenandoah were hard, through the fall of 1864. It was a continual marching up and down the valley, with considerable hard fighting. The Fourteenth was not in as many battles as some other regiments, but was considered a reliable regiment, and performed the duties assigned it, satisfactorily to its out of service, July 8, commanders. Mustered 1865. The Fifteenth Regiment was raised under the call of the President hundred thousand men, for nine months' service, and was for three The officers were John George W. Frost, Newmarket, Lieut. Colonel Henry W. Blair, Plymouth, Major; Edward E. Pinkham, Laconia, Adjutant; Ira A. Moody, Dover, Quartermaster Jeremiah F. Hall, Wolfeborough, Surgeon and Edwin M. organized at Concord, in the W. Kingman, Durham, fall Colonel of 1862. ; ; ; ; Wheelock, Dover, Chaplain. 13, 1862, the Fifteenth left Concord for New York went thence across East river and encamped on the grounds of the Union race-course, Jamaica, Long Island. They remained there about three weeks, when they left, in three detachments, for November City ; New Orleans. The first detachment left, Nov. 30th, and the other two respectively, December 4th and 13th. In due time they all arrived at Carrollton, near December 26th. New They remained Orleans, and were again united, in that vicinity all winter, per- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 34 forming picket and provost duty. May the ninth, they received orders to embark for Baton Rouge, and sailed on the 21st, with 26 and 546 enlisted men fit for duty. They arrived at SpringLanding, the 23d, and took up their line of march for Port Hudson. They remained there, through the siege, till it capitu- officers field and were engaged lated to General Banks, July 9, 1863, two assaults made on having nearly expired, stores, in the The time of enlistment they turned over all ordnance and camp the enemy's works. July 26th, and embarked, on the steamer City of Madison, 111., going thence to Chicago, by rail, and arrived in Con- for Cairo, Aug. 8th, and were mustered out of service, Aug. 13, 1863. The regiment suffered much from sickness, which proved quite From July 31st to August 13th sixteen men as fatal as battles. died, and of seven hundred and forty-one men and officers on the cord, roll, only four hundred and eighty were ing Port Hudson for count of sickness, No home, many of fifty whom for duty. left After leav- on the way on ac- died. regiment in the service, for nine months, was ever more shat- by sickness than the Fifteenth. tered fit men were It faithfully performed all duties assigned was a good regiment and it. The Sixteenth Regiment were nine months men, and went into The officers were James at Concord, 'in the fall of 1862. camp Pike, Sanbornton, Colonel ; Henry W. Fuller, Concord, Lieut. Warner, Major Luther T. Townsand, Salem, Adjutant Albert H. Drown, Fisherville, Quartermaster Thomas Sanborn, Newport, Surgeon and R. M. Manley, NorthColonel ; Samuel Davis, Jr., ; ; ; ; field Chaplain. This regiment was assigned to the department of the Gulf, and New Orleans to Port Hudson. We have not an extended record of the service of the Sixteenth in the leld, but it was considered a good regiment. Like all of our regiments who went into Louisiana and Mississippi, they suffered severely from sickness, which proved fatal in many instances. In performed guard duty from nine months, one hundred and forty-three They were mustered out of service Aug. men and officers died. 20, 1863. The Seventeenth Regiment were enlisted under the months men, in the fall and winter of 1862-3. The call for nine were Charles H. Long, Claremont, officers Henry O. Kent, Lancaster, Colonel Colonel George H. Bellows, Major George A. Wainwright, Hanover, Adjutant Edward H. Cummings, Quartermas; Lieut. ; ; ; �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, 35 &C. James D. Folsom, Surgeon and George S. Barnes, Chaplain. For some reason, never fully explained to the public, the Seventeenth was never filled up, but the men who enlisted were consolidated with the Second New-Hampshire. The officers were mustered out April 16, 1863, being in the U. S. service over three ter ; ; months.* The Eighteenth Regiment was organized at Concord, in the fall of The officers were Thofthas L. Livermore, Milford, Colonel 1864. M. Clough, New London, Lieut. Colonel William I. Brown, Major George F. Hobbs, Wakefield, Adjutant; Moses Samuel G. Dearborn, T. Cate, Wolfeborough, Quartermaster Surgeon and Anthony C. Hardy, Chaplain. The Rebellion being nearly ended the Eighteenth did not see much service, but some companies did some hard fighting before If the war had continued, Petersburg in the spring of 1865. doubtless they would have been as good a regiment as there was in the service. Mustered out June 10, 1865. The New- Hampshire Battalion First New England Cavalry. The officers of this battalion were David B. Nelson, Manchester, Major George T. Crane, Adjutant. This battalion did good service in the field, and was organized They were in the battles of in the fall and winter of 1861-2, Front Royal, Gettysburg, and many other skirmishes in their scoutJ. Fisherville, ; ; ; ; — ; ing expeditions. * In the fall of 1862 it was decided by the Governor and Council to raise three regiments, viz,, the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth, each regiment to be raised from the respective Congressional districts, the Seventeenth com- The records of the Adjutant General's office show that more than the requisite number of men, in the third district, had, been raised to fill this regiment but the other districts failed to respond in full, and the volunteers for the Seventeenth were, by the Adjutant General, placed in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth, or enough to fill them up agreeably to the army regulation. It having been deemed unadvisable, by Gov. Berry, to execute the State drafting law, there was no way remaining, in the opinion of the Secretary of War, but to consolidate the Seventeenth with some other regiment, and the volunteers were ordered home for that purpose. It is due the officers of the Seventeenth to say that the failure to fill the regiing in the Third district. ; fill the Fifteenth and Sixteenth, was in no wise and that they used every exertion that the regiment be accepted for service, as a detachment, or otherwise. A special order from the Governor, was issued, complimentary to the officers for the degree of excellence manifested by the regiment in drill and discipline. ment, after its depletion to littributable to them, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 36 The Regiment New-Hampshire Cavalry was organized at winter and spring of 1864. The officers were John L. Thompson, Plymouth, Colonel Benjamin T. Hutchins, Concord, Lieut. Colonel Aaron Wyman, Manchester, Major George W. Towle, Hooksett, Quartermaster George W. Pierce, Winchester, Surgeon. First Concord in the ; ; ; This Cavalry regiment, for the time they were in the much hard They were field, did Reams' Station, Winchester, Kerueysville, Waynesboro, Kelley's Ford, Lacy Springs, and in many skirmishes, where they lost many men in killed, wounded and service. taken prisoners. from this at In Andersonville Prison, Ga., twenty-eight men regiment died, and seven are reported as dying from starvation. The larger portion of the regiment were mustered out of service July 15, 1865. New-Hamsphire Battery was organized at ManchesThe officers were George A. Gerrish, Captain Edward H. Hobbs, First Lieutenant and John Wadleigh, Second The ter, in First August, 1861. ; Lieutenant. The First Battery left Manchester, for Washington, October They went into the Camp of Instruction and remained one week, when they were assigned to the Army of the Potomac. They participated in nearly all of the principal battles in Virginia. They were in the second battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericks31st, 1861. burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna River, Cold Harbor, and nearly all of the battles around Richmond. Part were mustered out of service Sept. 25, 1864, and part were transferred to the New-Hampshire Heavy Artillery. The " First Regiment New-Hampshire Heavy Artillery" was organby companies, at different dates, from July 22, 1863, to October 21, 1864, when it was formed into a Regiment of twelve companies. The officers were Charles H. Long, Claremont, Colonel Ira Mc'L. Barton, Newport, Lieutenant Colonel George A. Wainwright, Hanover, Major; Ezekiel Morrill, Concord, Surgeon and C. W. Walker, Stratford, Chaplain. ized ; This regiment performed guard and garrison duty at the Forts Portsmouth Harbor and around the defences at Washington in It was a fine regiment, nearly all of its members having seen active service in the field. But the war happily closed in detachments. and they had no chance to exhibit their veteran valor. mustered out of service, June 15, 1865. They were �37 REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, AC. " U. 8. SHARP SHOOTERS." New-Hampshire furnished three companies for this service Cos. « E" « F» & " G". The history of the Sharp Shooters has received ; less than its share of public notice, for the reason they were not connected with any State military organization, but were raised as United States Sharp Shooters, and were represented by nearly every State in the Union. The officers of Co. "B" First U. S. regiment were Amos B. William P. Austin, Claremont, First Lieutenant, and William H. Gibbs, Hanover, Second Lieutenant. The officers from this State, of the Second regiment, were Edward T. Rowell, Concord, Major Geofge A. Marden, Mount Vernon, Jones, Washington, Captain ; ; Quartermaster, and William B. Kaynolds, Surgeon.^ The officers of Co. " F ", Henry M. Caldwell, Captain James H. Hildreth, ; First Lieutenant ; Edward T. Rowell, Second Lieutenant. Co. "G", William D. Mc'Pherson, Captain John A. Moore, First Lieutenant and Edward Dow, Second Lieutenant. Co. "E" was mustered into the service of the United States, Their principal duties were on skirmish line and Sept. 9, 1861. heavy picket duty. Companies " F " and " G" were respectively ; ; mustered Nov. 28 and Dec. 10, 1861. These companies were in over thirty battles, and generally in dangerous positions. Mechanicsville, Gains' Mills, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Fredericks- burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad and Deep Bottom were some of the principal battles they were in. The " National Guards" were mustered into the U. S. service for guard duty at Fort Constitution. This company was mustered in May 9, 1864. The officers were James O. ChandJames R. Carr, Manchester, First Lieuler, Manchester, Captain tenant, James G. Burns, Second Lieutenant. The " Martin Guards" were mustered into the service of the United States for ninety days, July 25, 1864, for garrison duty at Fort Constitution. The officers were George E. Houghton, Manchester, Captain James L. Bailey, Manchester, First Lieutenant, John E. sixty days, for ; ; Johnson, Manchester, Second Lieutenant. Lafayette Artillery were mustered into U. S. service for ninety August 1, 1864, for garrison duty at Fort Constitution. The were John H. Tarbell, Lyndeborough, Captain Eli C. Curtis, Lyndeborough, First Lieutenant, Charles H. Holt, Lyndeborough Second Lieutenant. days, officers ; �NeV-HAMPSHIRE gazetteer. 38 — Unattached company of New-Hampshire Volunteers stationed and mustered into service, May 15, 1862. The James B. Gove, Concord, officers were James Davidson, Captain First Lieutenant, and Asa T. Hutchinson, Manchester, Second at Fort Constitution ; Lieutenant. "second brigade band." This Band was organized at Concord, and mustered into service Feburary 10, 1863. The names of the members were Gustavus W. Ingalls, Concord, Band Master Musicians, Albert Aspenwall, Lebanon James Allison, Concord Samuel F. Brown, Fisherville Freman D. Batchelder, Concord George W. Boody, Strafford Lorenzo M. Currier, Fisherville; Cyrus C. Currier, Concord John O.Davis, New Market Albert G. Furber, New Market Nathan W. Gove, Concord Frederick Hoffman, Concord Andrew L. Lane, Concord"; Jonathan C. Lane, Concord; George C. Perkins, Lebanon Phinehas Parkhurst, Templeton Ms.; Francis H. Pike, Manchester Warren S. Russell, Amherst Henry Stark, Goffstown David F. Thompson, Amherst Charles N. Tottingham, Keene, and Samuel : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; D. Trusseli, Concord. They were stationed at Hilton Head, S. C. and sustained a high commanding officers. We herewith append extract from W. T. M. Burger, Assistant Adjutant General Department. " I can assure you, that you and every mem- reputation with their a short in that ber of your Band, stands in the highest estimation of every one in this Department from Major General Gilmore down. deeply regretted and by none more than myself. to see such another as Ingall's Post mustered out, July 4, Band Your loss is We never expect here again." They were 1865. The larger portion of information in relation to enlistments and movements of the various military organizations in the State, which served in the late rebellion, we obtained in the Adjutant's General's Office. Too much praise cannot be accorded- to General Natt Head, seconded by Governor Frederick Smyth, for efforts to secure an accurate record of in the war. To a all the regiments in the State, which served great extent, they accomplished what they undertook. In the commencement of the rebellion, officers who had charge of organizing the regiments in various sections of the State, apparently did not comprehend the magnitude of the war, or the fu- �REGIMENTS, OFFICERS, 39 AC. ture necessity of keeping a careful record of the names of all the soldiers, and, especially, the names of their places of residence, at the time of enlistment, and apparently forgetting that there might Up be more than one John Brown in the State. to 1862, tne was very imperfect. General Head, upon assuming the office as Adjutant General of New-Hampshire, in March, 1864, immediately set himself to work recor.l, as to place of residence, to remedy, as far as could be, this imperfect record, of vast importance to hence. many General Head's version of the sumed its had been duties, will give a kept. He says : which may be widows, twenty-five or even " office, fifty years at the time he as- more correct idea how the records No record whatever existed of thou- sands of New-Hampshire's bravest sons who had entered the service of the United States, in their country's hour of peril, determined to sustain the national government, to defend our flag, to defend the and justice, and to perpetuate those free inwhich are dear to the heart of every true American. Hundreds of New-Hampshire's noble men, of whose names, even, there was no record within our State, had yielded up their lives upon the field of battle. Hundreds again had been honorably disprinciples of liberty stitutions charged from the service, and returned to their homes with bodies maimed and constitutions shattered, and yet the State possessed no record by which justice aud honor could be rendered these brave men. The military records of our soldiers to-day, as complete as in the who served our War Department at country, are Washington, and Gen. Head has been complimented from that Department, that New-Hampshire had the eral's office of best record of enlisted men, of any State This nearly perfect record, in the Adjutant Gen- in the Union. our State, has been accomplished through the untir- ing energy of Gen. Head, and when our soldiers fully understand the necessity of an accurate record of their enlistment, and of their services in the field, they will render to he is him the full credit to which rightfully entitled. The busy quiet to be seen in our fields, our work shops and our mercantile streets, would hardly lead any one to believe that our country, from centre to circumference, less than nine years ago, re- sounded with the clash of arms, and many of New-Hampshire's sons were engaged in deadly conflict, to sustain the free institutions which to-day w e are so peacefully enjoying. in this case, seems a fiction. T But truth, apparently, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 40 TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing the number of Soldiers which each town furnished on the call of July, number of Soldiers who were killed in, or died from the effects of the late Rebellion; number of Enrolled Militia in the State in 1872 and amount of the Municipal War Loan awarded to each town. and subsequent 1862, calls; the BELKNAP COUNTY. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. '3 B Atkinson 14] Auburn Brentwood 12 * Candia Chester 20 10 Danville Deerfield , 48 , 30 12 Derry East Kingston., Epping Exeter Freemont Gosport Greenland 20 187 312 92 17 49 142 171 86 Hampstead Hamilton Hampton 1 80 94 111 207 144 82 231 234 73 Falls., KeusingtoD 83 Kingston, Londonderry 150 126 New 107 Castle Newington Market 62 358 140 110 164 189 New Newton North Hampton Northwood Nottingham 91 Plaistow Portsmouth 590 163 168 253 69 251 Raymond Rye Salem Sandown Seabrook South Hampton 48 Newmarket. 129 71 So. Stratham Windham 70 Total, 3,996 STRAFFORD COUNTY. Barrington Dover Durham Farmington.... Lee Madbury Middleton Milton New Durham. Rochester Rolliusford Somersworth. Strafford 143 f$3,4 66.67 6,275.00 6,875.00 11,450.00 6,033.33 3,383.33 15.233.33 9,625 00 5,266.67 11,200.00 20,575.00 4,925 00 ,900.011 5,175.00 7,014.67 8,875.00 4,450.00 6,606.67 6.600.00 8,736.11 5,533.33 2,450.00 12,583.33 6,733.33 6,400.00 11,341.67 9,306.67 4,100.00 68,983.33 10,300.00 6,233.33 10,816.67 3,458.33 11,991.67 2.933.33 6,705.55 5,575.00 5,458.33 �STATISTICAL TABLES. 41 TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing number of and subsequent 1862, from the the in 1872,- Soldiers which each town furnished on MERRIMACK COUNTY CONTINUED. Northfield.... Pembroke.... Pittsfield Salisbury Sutton Warner , Webster Wilmot. , Total, 3,505 5,170 HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY. Amherst Antrim Bedford Bennington.. Brookline D'-ering Francestown. Goffstown Greenfield Hancock Hillsborough Hollis Hudson Litchfield Lyndrborough.... Manchester Masou Merrimack Milford Mount Vernon.... Nashua New New Boston Ipswich Pelham Peterborough Sharon Temple Weare Wilton Windsor Total, the call of July, number of Soldiers who were killed in, or died effects of the late Rebellion ; number of Enrolled Militia in the State and amount of the Municipal War Loan awarded to each town. calls; the 103 �42 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing 1862, from the and number of Soldiers which each town furnished on the call of July, subsequent calls; the number of Soldiers who were killed in, or died number of Enrolled Militia in the State Municipal War Loan awarded to each town. the effects of the late Rebellion ; in 1872; and amount of the GRAFTON COUNTY CONTINUED. <5 Lincoln Lisbon Littleton.... Lyman Lyme Monroe Orange Orford Piermont Plymouth... Bumuey Thornton ..., Warren Waterville .. Wentworth. Woodstock ., �STATISTICAL TABLES. Commissioned Officers of 43 New-Hampshire Volunteers; accounted for in aggregate. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 44 ni paiQ •pauJtuaj ao pdjtqd'eo pan pajjasaa H CO trH CO * C- CM rH COIOOMf CO . mosud ffi H3 *- CD ~h •** "O CM -# t- r- lr~ )-* CM CM CO CO CM CO CO i-h rH . •joj paiunooon ©q o; jaqnina Qioq^ •)* r- CSS CO O CO l-OCNOOl CM CM rH CM CM C O CD CO ** iO CM r-t I < .l^t-t-QOHtO'TCr.M JC^CD^CNCOXCOCMCSS'rfrHeOTHK . •Qppms paptunaoQ -aj •peajn; siaaaiiSaj jeq^o taojj ejaijaeatf •jjosap o; Sapdraawn CO COi-1 ai :*oqg 00 O 0C ess- CM CO CO OS OS r-< i-H CM ^aappo-e £q paiHH rHiOCOr-COOCOCOCO^rHCOCMrH joj pa!junoooB youis 30a pan 'ino pajajsnm bba ;aetai3aj aaqw ;aasqy «, •joj ts pajanoopB .{[inpHJo ^o^j -d »OCMT*Ir-C1COOCMiOCMCO HNNClCliO -f 01 00 x » oonnw r- -f rt CM •# CMCM CO i-H n COrHOO"* CO •uoijob u] SatssiK •paSa^qosip i[q«jonoqsi(i •jaetniSsj jo jno «NiO«tD(OHHDlil<Mrt^H OHOrt pajomoJd NrtHOl^ artUCciHOHxi^CHi'NQcO'+jjeOHr h psuoissitntuoo-noa jo Bjaoqjo px» -uoissiuimoo 0} juamiSaj ui pBjouioJ,] •p9^J9B9Q £)!liqi3stp joj •sasniBO jaq^o pan peSjnqosip £[qnjoaon •nua^ jo noii'BJidxa ye yao paje^snn co <m i-i c-i r-> H Tj X X h N ;i -t O ^ + ® t- ^ H © -f H "f Jl O >C N ?1 N rH O H ^1 tl O CI rH rHrH CM CO CM CO CM CM ^- K5 CI •spanaiaioo aaqjo o| pojjajsa-BJX ^ tD 01 C r. H oo ^O'Nr^-^'MOOr-iOr-it-OOiO 10 OiiooonocarHrHCO'^ T. 1-" i-H tj4 t-H CCi OHOCD^Ctii-i-ciqh -# 00 O GO -# CM C CM h »t 10 -- :i ^CMdin-^CMCMCMr ' " OH^N3CSO»C«OOl — c -f i- -~ ro *m . u- i— i -+ : cr. r. c rH CO !> -f <M iO CM CM < * < :t-^iOOC-fH oc rt r. r- c: "O rr. ~ ! Cl 1Q co W H O -f ^ c H :! w * l- ^ x h< a r- H cm iO Tf CC t- * "! « « c » - H* 'C ^ C. C rH cm <f-HrHrHi-H CM CMCMrHrHrH CC' ©snaeip jo paid ^ -t- r-t r-i CMiCrHfM^CSSOt-CO^COiO^r•spunoAi jo paip jo painx CM rH CD CO'.O'fHiMOXHiOHiOQOOOJ ; . s s ^ 2 3 s ^ = , = - ^ s - . j t*- h» £ £I ; £ ffi JC0T?O©r*000SOrH0-lC0'*u0CDr-.cOi~; at -2 * -5 j- 3 3sa 1*! .* 3 ,— ,— , , ,—, r- ^ r- i— r- i-i rH i— I ®oq ^ r-/-: r-H �TOPOGRAPHICAL PREFACE. 45 TOPOGRAPHICAL PREFACE. In this portion of our work, we have intended to give as minute and accurate descriptions of the towns and cities in the State all of New-Hampshire, as our limited space would permit. in a manufacturing New country like ours, Business, constantly changing. is firms are being established, buildings are being burned down, and new ones erected, continually —consequently there may be some errors that cannot be avoided. Perhaps the readers to them : but importance fifty may or one find passages that will be of hundred years hence, it Many to those living at that date. may no interest be of vast portions of Dr. Belknap's History of New-Hampshire, are far more valuable to the inhabitants of to-day, than to the people his writing. A country like ours, in its who day of lived in the embryo state, is making history for the future, every day. But in the main, it is written for the general benefit of the peo- ple living in the State in this generation, to develop the resources of the various sections of the State, ignorance of which, has had a tendency to deplete our population and injure the State. chusetts while New-Hampshire, with a has less We Massa- counts her various histories by the hundred volumes, life as long, within three years, than ten. have personally visited all the cities State and learned their present standing the smaller ones, we have and large towns and in the business, while, as to co-operated with some of the officers of the town, to give us the general information required. The Town Clerks in eight or ten small towns have refused or neglected to answer our inquiries, after being written to two or three times. these few cases we have had In the manuscript of the cejjsus of 1870, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 46 at our command, and have obtained the necessary information at that date. There has never been a time when New-Hampshire was making more rapid progress in every department of business, than been making for the three years past, and our only fear the march of improvement is it is, has that more rapid than our most assiduous industry can keep pace with, but we shall attempt to rely on the candor and intelligence of a generous public. We have endeavored tourists stopping give the estimated number of to summer from one week to three months in the different towns in the State, and the value of receipts obtained from this source, son, which and nearly if it is thought will average thirty dollars to each per- anything, all the it is more than that amount. clergymen up to .1800, The names of have been given from the settlement; and also the pastors of churches in 1872-3. fessional business, trade and transportation, are the The first pro- class of people employed as clergymen, teachers, lawyers, physicians, merchants, clerks, railroad employees, day-laborers, telegraph operators, book- keepers, &c. The number of or about eight State. this class, in 1870, and one-half per We have given all was over 27,000, cent, of the population of the the valuable information relative to the kinds of employment and resources of each town in the State* which will be of any benefit for future reference. The value of 1870. time ; agricultural products, The manufactories is taken from the Census of are generally taken from the present the schools, savings banks deposits and money are from statements given in 1872, under the law. at interest, �ACWORTH. 47 DESCRIPTION OF TOWNS. CHAPTER Topographical history of all III. the cities and towns in the State, giving a brief statement of the surface, the quality of the rivers and streams; its summer soil, its mountains, lakes, ponds, resorts, villages, and manufactories; re- sources, churches, public schools, libraries, hotels, railroads, &c. ACWORTH. hoops, 5,000 bushels of shoe pegs, Sullivan Co. The soil of this town is strong and well cultivated 4,000 producing good crops of corn, wheat, oats and hay. Rivers and Ponds. Cold River, which takes its rise from Cold Pond in the north-east part of the town, is the only stream of any note. It affords some good water power which is generally improved. and mop boxes of clothes pins, 15,000 handles, 56,000 hoe handles annumanufactured. Custom shoe work, blacksmithing &c, are car175 dozens of rakes are ally ried on. There are five stores in town. Resources. Annual production of the soil $ 90,200; mechanical labor, $ 23,200 deposits in savings ; somewhat celebrated on account banks, $43,817; money on hand or at interest, $45,807; stock in of the large Beryls that have been trade, Crystals of Beryls. found there. One Acworth is of the Beryls was eight inches in diameter and was sold in the city of New York for $ 15,000. It was placed Cabinet at Vienna. Employments. Agriculture is the in the Imperial employment of the peoAcworth is noted for the large amount of maple sugar made $ 8,000. . Churches and Schools. There are three churches in town, viz. Congregational, N. B. Nichols, pastor Baptist, J. L. Wilson, pastor Methodist, John L. Smith, pastor. There are thirteen school districts ; Average principal and ple. length of schools for the fourteen weeks. there. Some years as many as 80, fifteen First schools. Settlers. year, The town was 000 pounds have been produced. granted to Col. Samuel Stoddard There and sixty-four others, September William Keyes, Samuel 19, 1766. Harper, and John Rogers removed is considerable manufacturing done. Thirty one thousand worth of shoes are annually manufactured, employing thirtyfive males and females. Over 700,000 feet of lumber, 200,000 dollars to this place in 1768. Rev. Thomas ordained 1789; dis- First Ministers. Archebald, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 48 missed, 1794. Rev. John Kimball, ordained in 1797, dismissed in meted out to them by a peculiar disease which has afflicted their 1813. neat stock for North by Unity, Boundaries. east by Lempster, south by Marlow, and west by Langdon and Charlestown. Distances. Thirteen miles south science from Newport and forty-four west from Concord. against him. Thirteen miles to Newport depot, on the Sugar River railroad. Stage three times a week to Charlestown station, 7 miles, on principal Railroads. the Sullivan railroad. ALBANY. Carroll Co. This town is mountainous, but in the valleys the soil There are some interval lands on the is fertile. very fertile borders of Swift river. Rivers. Swift river, passes through this town from west to east and connects with the Saco at Conway. There are several small streams which come down through the mountain gulches, and furnish convenient water privileges. These brooks were formerly well stored with trout, as the writer of this can fully verify. Mountains. There are several high hills and mountains. Chocorua, is the highest mountain in town, and received its name from an Indian who was killed by a party of hunters in time of peace and before that section was settled. There is a legend that before he was killed, and after they had chased him to the highest eminence on the mountain, he pronounced a curse upon the white men who should ever settle in that vicinity. Many people in that section, have the superstitious notion that Chocorua's curse has been many makes years. its full When investigation as to the cause of this malady, it doubtless will find that the poor and Indian his posterity stand guiltless of the charges preferred Employments. Agriculture ple. is the employment of the peo- 300,000 shingles, 200,000 feet of boards &c, and 70,000 clap- boards are annually sawed. 2,800 pounds of maple sugar are annually manufactured. Resources. Productions of the soil $23,131; mechanical labor, $ 2,500 deposits in savings banks, $911. Churches and Scliools. Freewill Baptist church, Rev. T. Brown ; ' There are six schools in town; average length of schools for the year, twelve weeks. pastor. This town Clement March, Joseph Senter and others Nov. 6, 1766, and was called Burton till First Settlements. was granted to 1833. North by Bartlett, by Conway south by Tamworth and Madison, and west by Waterville. Area of improved Boundaries. east land, 2,986 acres. Distances. Seventy-five miles north from Concord, and twenty north from Ossipee. Portsmouth, Great Railroads. Falls and Conway railroad passes through station town, but the nearest this is at Conway, four miles. ALEXANDRIA. GraftonCo. Much of the soil in town is good and when proper- this produces good crops. There are about 2000 acres of valualy cultivated �ALLENSTOWN. hie interval land, which bears every appearance of having been once covered by New-found Lake. At the depth of twenty feet can be found stumps, trees, and traces of beaver dams. Lake and Rivers. A portion of New-found Lake is within the limits of this town. Smith's and Fowler's Rivers are the principal streams. The improved horse water power Mountains. is into Its summit is Tables.) $98,517; Productions of the mechanical labor, $7,400; money at interest, $70,35; deposits in savings bank, $8,000; stock in trade, $2,850. Churches and Schools. Union Distances. Thirty-four north-west from south-east mail By the express and ALXEIVSTOWIV. Merrimack Co. A portion of town is light, though there are some very fine farms. The town was formerly covered with a growth of fine timber, and great quantities of lumber were, the soil of this down annually taken the river. Suncook River is the dividing line between Allenstown and Pembroke, and affords some excellent water power, which is being improved by cotton mills, &c. Bear Brook furnishes some good mill sites. There are several Rivers. other small streams well stored seventy Enoch and four miles, on Bristol Branch Railroad. end of Rev. forty Haverhill, train, daily to Bristol station, thirteen weeks. Minister. miles Plymouth. length of schools during the year, First New about fourteen south- westeidy from with trout. Mountains. fifty Concord, from members, Rev. Cha's E. Rogers, Pastor. There are fifteen schools in town; average Church, to Boundaries. North by Orange* and Hebron, east by Bristol, south by Hill, and west by Danbury. Improved land 14,382 acres. divided two granite peaks, which can Rcsoicrces. of a large tract Chester, now Hill. Railroads. be seen for miles distant. Employments. The people are engaged, generally, in farming. 2, 100,000 feet of lumber is annually sawed. 8,500 pounds of maple sugar annually manufactured. (See soil, ation 229. Cardigan Mountain is the highest elevation, and forms the boundary between Alexandria and Orange. Its base is rugged and covered with a heavy growth of timber. 49 Catamount Hill is At the east the highest elevation. this hill is a precipice of feet, at the foot of nearly perpendicular, which is a cavern of Whipple, (Congregational) settled some in 1788; dismissed in 1794. The inhabitants of this town are largely engaged First Organization. Alexandria was granted to Joseph Butterfield and others, March 13, 1757. Jonathan, John M. and Win. Corliss, were the first settlers, in December 1769. its Incorporated, November 23, In 1821, its territorial limwere diminished by the annex- 1782. extent. Employments. in manufacturing and trade. One of the largest cotton mills ever under one roof, in this State, town. Over 11,000,000 yards of print cloth are annually manufactured, valued at $830,000. 30,000 pairs of sale boots and shoes built is in this �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 50 made, besides other mechanical The shops. total value of goods annually manufactured is $881,300. (See tables of manufactories.) The mills are situated in the village of Suncook, for a description of which, see Pembroke. Agricultural Resources. pro- ducts, §42,334; mechanical labor, $ 500; money $ 18, deposits in Savings Banks, 192,400 ; at interest, stock in trade, $22,800; $55,955; from summer tourists, $6,000. The and Schools. Churches church edifices, in which the people of Allentown worship, are situated on the opposite side of Suncook River, in Pembroke. There are four schools in town average ; length of schools for the year, twenty-seven Aveeks. Bank. "China Savings Bank," at Suncook Village. (See tables.) "Suncook Hotel." Hotel. John Wolcott, First Settlers. Andrew Smith, Daniel Evans, Robert Buntin, and others, were the first settlers. In 1748, on the west bank of Merrimack River, nearly opposite the mouth of the Suncook, Mr. Buntin, his son, and James Carr, while busily at work, were surprised by a party of Indians. At the first alarm, Carr made an attempt to escape, and was immediately shot down. Bunin and his son made no resistance and were not harmed, but taken through the wilderness to Canada, and sold to a French merchant at Montreal. They remained in captivity about eleven months, when they made their escape, and fortunately reached home in safety. Andrew, the son, died, in defence of his country, at White Plains, October years. aged thirty-eight Although the first settle- 28, 1776, ment commenced in this town prior to 1748, it was not incorporated until July 2, 1831. North by Epsom, Hooksett, and west by Pembroke. Area of improved land, 3,192 acres. Distances. Eleven miles from Boundaries. east by Deerfield, south by Concord, south-east. Bailroads. Suncook Valley, and a branch of Concord Railroad pass through this town. ALSTJEAD. Cheshire Co. The soil of this town is strong and productive, and as a general thing, the farms are well cultivated, and yield good crops. Rivers and Ponds. Cold River passes through the north-west part, and some of the branches of Ashuelot have their sources in this town. The water power is well improved. There are also a number of ponds. Warren's Pond, 250 rods long, and 150 wide, is the principal one. Employments. The inhabitants are largely engaged in agriculture —8,388 bushels corn, 8,500 bushels oats and barley, 41,300 lbs. butter, 38,120 lbs. maple sugar, and .4,697 town in tons hay, being the third the county in and the first its in production of hay, maple sugar. The manufactories are important. Leather board and straw wrapping paper is manufactured to the value of $ 16,600 annually. Scythe nibs and pail handles valued at $ 13,000 carriages, $12,500 ; 400,000 shingles and laths, and 750,000 feet of boards and dimension timber, valued at $ 11,100, besides edge tools, plows, chair stock, rakes, tin ware, blacksmiths, coopering, carpenters, harnesses, &c. The total value of �ALSTEAD. goods, of kinds, annually nil ufactured, is man- $84,000. There are three the post office villages, under names of Alstead, Centre Alstead and New Alstead. At New Alstead there are two churches, school-house, rake shop, Scythe nib and pail handle manufactory at the Centre, one church, at Altown-house, school-house stead, two churches, one large ; ; 51 respected for his upright and just dealings with all men, and through this course he acquired a handsome which enabled him to pass and quiet. One great drawback to the progress of the first settlers was the multitude of wild beasts which fortune, his last days in ease infested this section, especially bears and wolves, which were so $25,800; stocks and money at interest $61,988- deposits in savings numerous as to devour their swine and sheep, and sometimes assail The wife of the larger cattle. John Beckwith took her son Richard Beckwith, then an infant, and went to the woods to gather berShe placed her child on the ries. ground, and wandered through the bushes. On her return toward banks $57,276; $ 19,387. the object of her affection, judge of her feelings as she saw a huge graded school-house, six or eight stores, one hotel, also manufacture edge tools, paper, lumber, chairstock, flour, meal, &c. Resources. Productions of the mechanical labor, soil, § 123,000 . ; stock in trade, Churches and Schools. CongreUniversalno pastor pastor. ist, Rev. W. J. Crosby, Center, Congregational, no pastor. New Alstead, Rev. Charles Packard, pastor Methodist, no pastor. There are fourteen schools in town, two of which are graded. Average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks. Humphrey House. Hotel. First Settlement. This town was gational, ; ; called Newtown, and was granted to Samuel Chase and others, August 6, 1763. In 1771, there were twenty-five families, originally besides ten bachelors. This lonely class cultivated their lands, and attended to their own household affairs, cooking their meals, &c. General Amos Shepard was one of the most prominent citizens of this town from 1777 to the time of He was a member of the General Court of New-Hampshire, and president of the Senate seven years. He was his decease in 1812. hear smelling and passing around her sleeping babe, while she could do nothing but silently wait the result; but again judge of her unspeakable joy, when she saw this voracious monster of the forest, retire and leave her unconscious boy unharmed. Rev. Jacob First Ministers. Mason (Cong.), ordained in 1782, dismissed in 1789; Rev. Samuel Mead, ordained in 1791; dismissed in, 1797; Rev. Levi Lankton, ordained in 1799, dismissed in 1828. Boundaries. North by Acworth, east by Marlow, south by Gilsum, and west by Walpole. Area of improved land, 17,714 acres. Distances. Twelve miles southeast from Charlestown, fourteen north from Keene, and fifty-six west from Concord. By daily stage five Railroad. miles to Bellows Falls, Vermont. ALTON, Belknap Co. The surface of �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 52 hard, and people, although the manufactures some portions rocky, but when are important. Over 125,000 pairs of sale boots and shoes are annu- Alton in is uneven, the soil properly cultivated produces excellent crops of corn, wheat, oats and hay. It ranks as the fourth town in the county in the value of its agricultural productions. Bays, Ponds and Rivers. Merry Meeting Bay, connected with, or a part of, Lake Winnipiseogee, extends south, from the lake, over six miles, where it receives the waters There of Merry-Meeting River. are several ponds, the largest of manufactured; ally boards, clap- 10,000 500,000 shingles, 475,000 &c, sawed; feet of boards, 400,- 000 bobbins, 37,000 gross of spools turned; besides shoe boxes, and made, and various other kinds of mechanical works carried on. The village of Alton is very pleasantly located, and is the seat staves of considerable trade. Resources. which is Half-Moon Pond, between this town and Barnstead. It is nearly one mile in length, and half 200; a mile in width. $80,072; $173,600; soil, $54,700; Productions of the mechanical labor, money $10- at interest, deposits in savings banks, stock in trade, $20,225, The principal elevaare Mount Major and ProsHill. The views obtained from summer tourists, $20,000. Freewill Churches and Schools. from Prospect Hill are varied and beautiful. In a clear day the ocean can be distinctly seen from its summit. Congregational, no pastor. At Freewill Baptist East Alton, Church, Rev. Mr. Davis, pastor. There are twenty schools in town, two of which are graded average Elevations. tions pect Summer Resort. The fine scen- and the varied recreations which are found in Alton, have ery rendered it a popular resort for At Alton Bay is the terminus of the Dover and Winnipiseogee Raih-oad and in warm tourists. ; s. amboats are waiting on the arrival of each train from Boston, to convey travelers to any point on the lake. There is a fine hotel at the Bay which is filled with tourists through the summer. Many permanently stop here, and for recreation and health, frequently take a steamboat ride, visiting the different points on the lake, and returning at night. The number who stay here for a few weeks or months, through the season, is Baptist, Rev. II. Ricker, Pastor; ; length of schools for the year, thir- teen weeks. Banks. Alton Five Cents Sav- Bank (See ings Tables.) Cochecho House; Alton Bay, Bay View House. Hotels. weather, estimated at over 400. Employments. the principal Agriculture is employment of the First Settlers. nally called The first at Alton was origi- New Durham settlement was Gore. made by Jacob Chamberlain and others in 1770. It received its present name by one of the principal proprietors from a town of the same name in England. It was incorporated, January 15, 1796. First Minister. ams Elder John Ad- (F. B.), ordained in 1811. Boundaries. North by Winnipiseogee Lake, north-east by Wolfeborough, east by New Durham, south by Barnstead, and west �AMHERST. by Gilmanton . Area of improve of the finest water privileges in the county. Babboosuc, Little Bab- land, 18,025 acres. Distances. Twenty-two miles and Jo. English Ponds, are the largest collections of water. boosuc north-east from Concord, twenty- Summer Resorts. The fine scenery in and around Amherst, has caused it to be a popular resort for five miles north-west from Dover, and about twelve south-east from Gilford. The distance, by boat on the lake, to Wolfeborough is ten miles, and to Centre Harbor, about summer Dover and Winni- Cochecho, Railroad terminus in this town, at Alton Bay. piseogee, or has tourists, who spend their vacation through the warm weather. One of the finest hotels in the State, is located in the village. Many private residences in the village, and in other sections of the town, keep summer boarders. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in farming. Over 90,000 gallons of milk is annually sold, and over 30,000 lbs. of twenty-five miles. Railroad. 53 its AIUHERST. Hillsborough Co. This town was formerly the full Shire town of Hillsborough county but at the present time, only one trial term of the Supreme Judicial Court is holden, which commences the first butter made. There is one large foundery, and several other small manufactories. There are about Tuesday of May. The soil on the river is of an excellent quality, producing abundant crops. On the hills the soil is strong, and many valuable farms are found under a "Farmer's Cabinet," established here Nov. 10, 1802, is one of the oldest and most respectable weekly newspapers in the State. high state of cultivation. For many years, Amherst was considered the most important town in the county, but the grow- ducts, $146,746; mechanical labor, ; Resources. Agricultural pro- $36,800; stocks, &c, $19,900; money at interest, $21,104; deposits in savings ing cities of Manchester and Nashua are fast taking the prestige which made Amherst the Metropolitan town of the county, and, like some European nations, are dividing the power of Poland among themselves. But this venerable town will long be respected, both for the eminent men who were natives or citizens there, and as being one of the finest towns in the county, and having one of the pleasant- The 00 mechanics of all trades. in tourists, free ' banks, $ trade, $28,600; $12,000. from debt 192,086 stock ; from summer The town is at the present time, and there are but few towns in th State, where the inhabitants are more prosperous and happy, than they are in Amherst. Churches, Pastors and Schools. Baptist, Rev. Albert Heald Con: Rev. J. G. Davis; Methodist, Rev. George W. Roland. There are eleven schools; gregational, est villages in the State. average, length of schools for the Pavers and Ponds. The Souhegan River is the principal stream, and in its course to the Merrimack year, twenty-five weeks. River from this town, affords some school-houses, Value of $10,300; annual amount of money, appropriated for school purposes, $ 2,078.56. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 54 Library. Amherst Social Town Library 1000 volumes. Hotel. " Amherst Hotel," Thom- method of preparing it, but it must be boiled in a kettle or pot, in a manner similar the concluded as Saunders, Proprietor. to their boiling their liquid food. This town was granted by Massachusetts, in 1733, to persons then living, and the heirs of those not living, who had served in the Narraganset war of 1675. It was first named Narraganset Number Three," after- They therefore put in a quantity of the exotic herb, and having boiled it till they supposed it was done, they dipped it out and sipped of it, First Settlers. " Souhegan West." The were Samuel Waland Samuel Lampson, in wards settlers, first ton July 1734. January It was incorporated 18, 1760, under the name of " to Amherst " as complimentary Lord Jeffrey Amherst, an En- glish general in America, during It became the town of the county in 1771. Amherst did its full duty in the revolutionary contest. We append a few extracts from notes of Hay- the French war. shire ward's Gazetteer. The first settlers of Amherst, coming from the old towns in Massachusetts, brought with them the customs which prevailed at the time of their emigration. They were plain and simple in their dress. In living, they had few or none of the luxuries of life. Their fare was plain and substantial. They used considerable liquid food, such as milk, broths, pea and bean porridge. Chocolate was sometimes used, and was probably esteemed as one of their greatest luxuries. Coffee was unknown to them, and though tea had been introduced into the country about sixteen years when the town was had not fasted of it. The first used in the place was sent by some Boston settled, the first inhabitants friends to the family of the minister, who were unacquainted with but doubtless found it less palatable than their favorite beverage. Wine was a great rarity, and ardent spirits were rather regarded for medicinal purposes than as fit for an article of drink. Sugar which was known in this country as early as 1631 was used by them as was also molasses, but only in small quanties. " The most common conveyance was by horses fitted out with saddles and pillions. Two could ride in this way the same animal, and often times an A few infant was superadded. years before the revolutionary war, it began to be the practice to trot horses, previously, these animals had paced. The first or second chaise brought into town, was owned by Mr. Benjamin Kendrick, and he rode in it till he was eightysix years old. As late as 1810, he journeyed with it to Boston and its neighborhood. It presented such an antique appearance, that it was often called the First ' Old Ark.' " Rev. Daniel Ministers. Wilkins, (Cong'l) ordained in Rev. Jeremiah 1736, died in 1781 Barnard, ordained colleague, in 1780; Rev. Nathan Lord D. D., President of Dartmouth College, ordained as colleague in 1816. ; Boundaries. North by New Boston, east by Bedford and Merrimack, south by Hollis, and west by Milford and Mount Vernon. Area, 22,432 acres, Improved land 12,300 acres. �55 ANDOVER. Distances. Twenty-eight miles south from Coneord, and fortyseven from Boston. Railroad. Nashua and Wilto/i Railroad passes through this town. The surface uneven, being broken by hills and mountains. The soil, in many localities, is strong, and when propis erly cultivated, crops. yields $29,500; money at interest, $28,401 excellent Not more than one third of the area of the town, or 8,456 out of 29,883 acres, is considered capa- depos- stock in trade, $33,400; from sumtourists, $2,000; professional Churches and Schools. CongreRev. Howard Moody, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. gational, C. B. Griffin, extends along the north part of the town it is an eminence but little inferior to Kearsarge in height, but its name fully describes it. There are several small villages, ; names of which are East Andover. Potter Place, West Andover, and Andover. Employment. The inhabitants are principally engaged in farming; but manufacturing is an important branch of industry. Among the most important of goods annually produced, is paper, $20,000, shoe pegs $20,000, Hames 'umber $19,200; grain $28,000, ground $19,100, cotton and woolen hose $10,000, besides lasts, welding composition, and other small mechanical works. There are also blacksmiths, wheelwrights, carpenters, masons, painters, &c. The total value of goods annually produced, is $128,600. (See tables.) Resources. Productions from agriculture, $66,257 mechanical Christain, pastor; Martin, pastor. There are twelve schools, of which two are graded. Average Rev. A. II. length of schools for the year, fif- teen weeks. The Kearsarge House. Hotel. There are several ponds, the largest of which Its water is very is Loon Pond. pure, and the scenery around it is grand and picturesque. Ragged Mountain Mountain. Ponds and River. ; ; $84,419; mer ble of improvement. the post office banks, savings in its business, $20,000. ANBOVER. Merrimack Co. $17,500; stocks, labor, Stages leave here on the arrival of the cars, in warm weather, for the Winthrop House, on Kearsarge Mountain, four miles distant. The scenery from the summit of this mountain is very fine, and visitors are largely increasing, from year to year. Andover was First Settlement. first 1746 known it as Emerisstown. was granted Brown and others, in as to In Edward New Britton, New honor of the captors of which expedisome of the grantees were engaged. June 25, 1779, it was incorporated under its present name. The first inhabitant was Joseph Fellows, who came here in 1761. Britton, in 1745, in tion Among are the deceased citizens who respect by remembered with the inhabitants, can be mentioned Dr. Silas Barnard, the first physiHe died June 25, cian in town. 1795. Dr. Jacob B. Moore, a poet of some eminence, became a resident here in 1796; died January 10, 1818. Jonathan Weare, Esq., a civil magistrate, and highly respected, died in 1816. Mr. Jona- than Noyes was respected for his charitable disposition. 1 "Potter," �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 56 the famous juggler and necromancer, was a citizen of Andover and The total value of manufactured goods annually produced is $211,300. (See tables.) Resources. Productions of the soil, $92,732; mechanical labor, one of the railroad stations bears his name, " Potter Place." First Minister. A Congregational church was established in 1782, and the Rev. Josiah Babcock money became the dismissed posits in savings banks, $120,710; Boundaries. North by Hill, east by Franklin, south by Salisbury, stock in trade, $19,815; from summer tourists, $900; professional business, $10,000. first pastor ; in 1809. and west by Wilmot. Thirty miles northwest from Concord. Railroad. Northern Railroad passes through the town, in an easterly and westerly direction. Distances. ANTRIM. ^ $44,100; &c, stocks, at interest, $13,700; $27,878; de- Churches and Schools. PresbyRev. W. R. Coebran pastor; Methodist, J. A. Cooledge pastor; Baptist, Rev. E. M. Shaw, pastor. There are twelve schools in town average length of schools for the year, sixteen terian, ; weeks. Hillsborough Co. The west part of this town is hilly but af- Library. Antrim Library Asso- ciation. a fine range for grazing.' There are some valuable tracts of interval, and some very fine upland farms yielding fine crops. Rivers and Ponds. Contoocook River passes through the easterly part of the town. North Branch River originates from several ponds in Stoddard, and furnishes several valuable mill sites, and in of the some parts of its course it is bordered by fine tracts of interval. Employments. The larger por- friends and neighbors. The town was incorporated March 22, 1777. fords tion of the inhabitants are in agriculture engaged but manufacturing is a very important branch of business in town. The annual value of sewing silk and twist manufactured is $25,000; 100,000 apple; hand seed sowers, and 300 horse seed sowers are annu- parers, 500 made, valued at $100,000; besides there are cribs, cradles, bed- ally window shades, paste board boxes, leather, &c, manufactured steads, Hotels. Appleton House, North Branch House. Antrim derived town in Ireland same name. Deacon James First Settlers. its name from a settled here in 1768. No other person moved into town for the next four years, during which Aiken time he suffered many privations and hardships for the want of First Minister. Rev. Walter Fullerton, ordained in missed 1800, dis- in 1804. Botmdaries and Area. North by Windsor and Hillsborough, east by Ueering and Bennington, south by Hancock, and west by Stoddard. Area 21,173 acres; improved land, 11,730 acres. Distances. Thirty miles south west from Concord, and twenty three miles north-west from Am ; 200,000 shingles of lumber are and 600,000 feet annually sawed. herst. Railroad. Seven miles by dailj �ATKINSON. stage to Hillsborough Bridge, on ; the cultivation of the apple, and the best fruit in the State is pro- Farming is the principal occupation of the people, but there are about forty mechanthe larger proportion of whom ics, engaged in making shoes. Thirty-six thousand pairs are annually made, and valued at $50,000. Resources. Annual productions are of the soil valued at $41,476; an- nual value of mechanical labor, at interest, $12,- 600; stock in trade, $2,300; ; but, difficulty in locatit was set off incorporated September 3, 1767. Benjamin Richards, Jonathan and Edmund Page, and John Dow were the first settlers, and came here about 1728. Rev. Stephen First Minister. Peabody, ordained in 1772; died in 1819. Boundaries. South by HaverMass., west by Salem and Londonderry, north by Hampstead, and east by Plaistow. Area, 6939 hill, acres. ing to its elevated position, and its quiet and pleasant village, is becoming noted as a place for sum- Thirty miles south- Distances. west from Portsmouth, and thirtysix south-east from Concord. Boston & Maine. Railroads. If the Plaistow and Nashua Railroad is built it will pass through Atkinson. from summer tourists, $6,000. Summer Resorts. Atkinson, ow- mer some and Rockingham Co. This town has an uneven surface but the soil is of a superior quality, and under a high state of cultivation. Much attention has been given to money to ing a meeting-house, ATKINSON. $16,287; originally a part of Plaistow owing Contoocook Valley Railroad. duced here. Employments. 57 ASHLAND. Grafton Co. Ashland is a small township taken from the southern portion of Holderness in 1868. The soil is hard, but, when Over 200 persons summer vacation and properly cultivated, produces good crops. The farmers find a ready sale for their surplus products, in Atkinson one of the thriving manufacturing village the oldest and most respectable in- Pemigewasset River Rivers. washes the extreme western part resort. spent their recreation here the past year. Schools, Libraries, &c. Academy, in this town, is stitutions in the State ; incorporat- ed in 1791. There is a library, connected with the academy, containing 800 volumes. The school is now under the charge of B. H. Weston, A. M. Churches. Congregational, Rev. C. F. Morse, pastor; and Universal ist Church. Valuation, $ 10,000. This town was First Settlers. named in honor of Theodore Atkinson, a large land-holder and a member of the council. It was of Ashland. of the town. Squam River, the outlet of Squam Lake and Squam Pond, runs in a south-west direction, and empties into the Perni- This river affords gewassett. some of the best water power in the State, enough at all seasons of the year, and a surplus. power Much of improved, but double the capital could be invested on it to good advantage. On Squam River, and Village. this is �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 58 on the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad is situated the busy manufacturing village of Ashland. average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks. The business, for the size of the village, is very extensive. There brary. are several large paper mills, two hose manufactories, woolen mill, lumber and grist mill, straw board (see table.) board mill, large peg mill, glove and mitten manufacto- was originally a part of Holdern- ess, and was incorporated July boots and shoes, besides many other small mechanical shops. 1868. mill, leather ries, Library. Bank. Hotel. First Ashland Town Li- Ashland Savings Bank, " Squam Lake House." Ashland Orgauizution. 1, stable, Boundaries. North by Plymouth and Holderness, east by Holderness, south by New Hampton, and west by Bridgewater and HolderArea of improved land, ness. office, 3,853 acres. There are also two church edifices, school-houses, bank, eight or ten stores of all kinds, hotel, livery express office, telegraph insurance, lawyer and physician's offices, and nearly one The hundred dwelling houses. scenery around Ashland is delightful, affording views wild, romantic and beautiful. Manufacturing Employments. and trade are the principal employments of the inhabitants. Over 600,000 yards flannel,. 1,200 tons manilla paper, 140 tons leather board, 50,000 dozens cotton and woolen hose, 175,000 shingles, 600, Forty-four miles Distances. north from Concord, and six west from Plymouth. Bail roads. The Boston, Concord Montreal railroad passes through the southern section of this town. and AUBURN. Was Rockingham Co. ally that part of "Long Meadow." origin- Chester called It was incor- 000 feet boards, &c, 20,000 bushels shoe pegs, besides buck gloves and mittens, tin ware and other small manufactories. The total porated June value of manufactured goods of all kinds, annually produced, is about $ 616,600. (See table.) Resources. Productions of the soil, $48,364; mechanical labor, $110,100; money at interest, deposits $28,870; in savings bank, $59,820; stock in trade, Lakes and Streams. Massabesic is the largest body of fresh water in the county, comprising an area of about fifteen hundred acres. It is about six miles long, and from two to four hundred rods $ 44,420. Churches and Schools. Freewill The soil is 25, 1845. is broken, but the strong and produces good surface crops of corn, oats and potatoes. Lake in breadth. Near the centre of the length, the Lake is nearly divided into two parts, but is connected together by a strait, Baptist, Rev. L. Malvern, pastor, church value, $6,000; Episcopal, some two hundred rods LeRoy, pastor, value church, $ 4,000. There are six school dis- town, but there are some brooks that furnish very good water power which is generally improved. J. tricts and eight schools in town, in length. There are no large streams in �BARNSTEAD. Employments. The larger por- 59 into the hill, in a northern direc- engaged in farming, who find a ready market for all their surplus produce in the City of Manchester, some five Shoernaking and miles distant. lumbering are the principal me- tion, chanical businesses; there being annually made about 24,000 pairs sixty persons spent their tion of the people are women's boots and shoes, and 1,870,000 feet of lumber sawed. Resources. Annnal value of the of productions of the soil, $ 67,843 value of mechanical labor, $ 10.400 deposits in savings bank, $50,924; money at interest, $5,993; stock in receipts from sum$ 3,000. There Churclies and Sulwols. are two churches, Methodist, Elder James Adams, pastor; Congregational, Rev. J. L. Gay, pastor. There are eight schools in town, trade, mer $ 14,020 average length of schools for the year, 17 weeks. Tourists. The beautiful scenery around the Massabesic, has atthe attention vacation in Auburn in 1872. Boundaries. North by Candia, east by Chester, south by Londonderry, and west by Manchester. Twenty miles south- Distances. from Concord, and twenty-one west from Exeter. east BARNSTEAD. well as the student of nature. The " Cave," on the westeidy side of " Devil's Den" Mountain, The entrance to Barnstead is one of the most wealthy agricultural towns in the county. lies, principally, in The land large swells, affording excellent grazing the soil is ; while easily cultivated and produces fine crops of wheat, corn, oats and hay. are some very On the river, there fine interval lands, be found in the State, than Barn- resort for the pleasure seeker, as will interest any stranger Belknap Co. Auburn becoming quite a resort for summer tourists. The "Massabesic House " located on the shore of the Lake, is a large and commodious hotel, and suitably adapted for summer boarders. The Concord and Portsmouth railroad passes within a few rods of the house. Trains twice a day, each way, arrive and depart. The Lake is truly a pleasing and attractive stead. River and Ponds. er is the principal Suncook riv- stream, and some fine water power. There are several ponds, the largest of which are Suncook, Brindle and Half Moon Ponds. These waters are well stored with fish. Plumbago and bog Minerals. furnishes iron ore are found in various sections of the town. Farming is the employment of the inhabitants. About 100,000 pairs of sale shoes are annually made; Employment. principal who will 500,000 shingles and 400,000 feet of cave boards and dimension timber, are yards annually sawed 10,000 woolen goods manufactured, be- this about five feet in height, and two and a half in width. It extends is summer and valuable farms. No more pleasant country, for farming, can is it. About height. in to fifteen feet many of lovers of recreation, and visit It is divided into numerous apartments, several of which are fourteen feet square, and from two pass. ; tourists, tracted about eighty feet, of sufficient dimensions to permit a person to ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 60 sides blacksmiths, coopers, carpenters, masons, machinists, &c. Total value goods annually is estimated at of manufactured $146,000. Productions of the Resources. soil, mechanical labor, §152,140; $27,700; stocks and money terest, $10,325; deposits in banks, at in- savings Knowlton, freewill Baptist, ordained in 1804 died in 1809. Boundaries. Northeast by Alton, south-east by Strafford, southwest by Pittsfield, and north-west by Gilmanton. Area, 26,000 acres area of improved land, 14,805 ; acres. Distances. Twenty miles north- Villages. There are two very pleasant villages. At Barnstead Parade there is a church, schoolhouse, hotel, store, saw-mill, and twenty-five or thirty dwellinghouses. Rev. Enos George was a from Concord, and eighteen south-east from Gilford. Railroads. Four miles to Pittsfield Station, on Suncook Valley Railroad. The Suncook Valley Extension to Alton, when built, will pass through this town. Also the Concord and Rochester Rail- resident of this village for over road. stock $70,179; in trade, $3,000. fifty years. He died about 1859. Barnstead Centre lies on the Suncook, about two miles north of the Parade. Here are two stores, hotel, town-house, church, schoolhouse, mills, shoe manufactory, several mechanical shops, of various kinds, and about fifty dwelling Churches and Scliools. Christian, Rev. J. H. Nutter, Rev. J. H. Davis, pastors Congregational, at the Parade, Rev. W. O. Carr, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. M. A. Quinby, pastor. ; There are fifteen schools. Aver- age length of schools for the year, nineteen weeks. (See table.) First Settlement. Rev. Joseph Adams and others received a grant of this town, May 20, 1727. Settlements commenced 1767. In 1775 there town Hotel. ; were 250 inhabitants in 1790, 807. Shackford House; Cen- tre. A Congregachurch was organized in 1804, and the Rev. Enos George became its pastor; Elder David First Ministers. tional BARR1NGTON. Strafford County. The surtown is broken and face of this rocky, the soil being principally a gravelly loam. What is termed the oak ridges is of a sandy loam, rich and productive and easily cultivated. houses. in east er Rivers and Ponds. Isinglass rivis the principal stream, and affords One some good water power. fall in this perpendicular. river is thirty feet There are thirteen ponds within the limits of the town from which flow streams, considerable water furnishing power. Minerals. In some of the rocks, beautiful and perfect specimens of quartz crystals, and other tourmalin, are found. Bog iron ore, in considerable quantities, may be obtained. Cavern. About two miles from the center of the town, there is a remarkable cavern which is considered quite a curiosity by naturalists. The principal room cavern, is in this sixty feet in length, from �61 BARTLETT. twelve to fifteen in hight, and from Employments. ple, ing Agriculture is the employment of the peo- principal but considerable manufacturis carried on. Dover on the Boston and Maine railroad. The Nashua and Rochester, railroad now being By Railroads. stage to station, five miles four to ten feet in width. built, will pass 150,000 pairs of through this town. BARTLETT. annually made, also 2,300,000 feet of boards &c, 685,000 shingles, and 600,000 clapboards are annually sawed. The value of the potatoe crop exceeds that at the foot of the uneven. The of any the Saco it is shoes are town in the county. Productions of the $114,585; mechanical labor, §51,525; stocks and money at inBesources. soil, $ 15,700 terest, ings banks, trade, $ ists, $ 13,675 ; deposits in sav- $129,176; stock in from summer tour- ; 1,500.00. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. Ezra Haskell, pastor; Freewill Baptist, no pastor. There are fifteen schools in town average length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 1,658.56. First Settlements. This town originally included the town of Strafford within its limits, and comprised an area of 54,380 acres, but about 29, 120 acres were taken, in 1820, to form the latter town. Incorporated May 10, 1722. The first settlement was made about ten years later. First Ministers. Rev. Joseph Peiree settled in 1755, dismissed in 1768 Rev. David Tenney ordained in 1771, dismissed in 1778. Boundaries. North by Rochester, east by Madbury and Lee, south by Nottingham and North; ; wood, and west by Strafford. Area 25,200 acres. Distances. Thirty miles from Concord, Dover. five west east from This town Carroll Co. lies White mounThe surface is rocky and tains. soil is various; on very good, and fine crops of corn, oats and potatoes are produced. Bivcr. Saco River meanders through the center of the town and the principal stream. Iron Ore. Prof. Hitchcock, in his Geological survey report for 1871, says, that in the northern part of Bartlett, occurs one of the most extensive deposits of workable iron ore ever found in Newis Hampshire. For full details, see page on mineralogy. Farming is the Employments. principal employment, but lumbering is becoming an imporAbout tant branch of business. 1,500,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed. Mills are being erected that will increase their facilities to 7,000.000 feet a year. It is also an important point Besources. becoming for tourists. Productions of the $68,312; mechanical labor, $ 5,800 stocks and money at interest, $9,158; deposits in savings stock in trade, banks, $368; soil, ; $ 1,450; summer tourists, $6,000. Churches and ScJiools. Advent, Rev. J. B. Dearing, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Spencer Kennison, pastor; Methodist, Kev. O. T. Sinclair, pastor. There are six average length for the year, fourteen weeks. schools, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 62 East House, Bartlett Hotels. and Pequawkett Branch House House.. This town First Organization. was incorporated June 1790, 16, and received its name in honor of Governor Josiah Bartlett. Boundaries. North by Jackson, east by Chatham, south and west by ungranted lands. Area 13,000 acres; area of improved lands, 5,482 acres. Seventy-five miles Distances. north-east from Concord and about twenty-five miles north from Ossipee. Railroad. Portland and Ogdensburg railroad passes through the town. northerly direction through the town, thus separating the inhabitants, who find a communication only through a single pass in the mountain. In several localities Minerals. large veins of copper ore have been opened, which much appear to be of value, if properly worked. The Employments. of maple sugar are annually manA disastrous fire ocufactured. curred in Bath village, February 1, 1872, destroying the Congregational church edifice, Bath Hotel and several dwelling houses, none of which have been rebuilt.* A mill for the manufacture of wood paper has recently Grafton Co. pleasantly This situated in town the is val- Connecticut. The high mountains around completely shield it from high winds and ley of the inhabitants are generally engaged in farming. 200 tons of starch and 23,000 pounds commenced op- eration. Resources. $157,838; $9,500; stocks soil, Productions of the mechanical labor, &c, $ 32,500; mon- About one sixth part of the whole town is interval. ey at interest, $ 28,000 deposits in savings banks, $2,875; stock in trade, $ 14,250 from summer tour- On ists, long storms. the hills the soil is generally of a reddish loam. Much improvement has been made in agriculture, and it is now considered one of the best farming towns in the State. Large quantities of wheat, and barley are annu- corn, oats ally raised. Rivers the southerly part, and furnishes fine ; $ 600. Churches and Schools. CongreEdward Cleveland, gational, Rev. pastor; Catholic, no pastor; Un- ion church, at Swiftwater village, Rev. Arnold Adams, pastor. There twelve school districts and averag thirteen schools in town length of schools for the year, twenty-four weeks. are ; Mountains. The River passes through and Ammonusuc some ; water power. At Bath village a fine bridge spans the river, 372 feet in length. Wild Am- September 10, Bath was granted to Rev. Andrew Gardner and sixty-one First Settlements. 1761, others. The conditions of the at the charter were not complied with, and, in March 1769, it was rechart- Gardner's ered to John Sawyer and others. from the confluence of the Connecticut and Ammonusuc rivers, and extends in a John Herrimen from Haverhill, monusuc River Ammonusuc, in south-west Mountain unites with this corner. rises town the * The Church was rebuilt in the season of 1873. �BEDFORD. Massachusetts, first settled here in Moses Pike and 1765, and Mr. Sawyer commenced in 1766, settle- ments. In 1778, a Presbyterian church was formed, but in 1791, it was dissolved and a Congregational church organized with nineteen members. Rev. David First Minister. Sutherland a native of Edinburgh, Scotland, was installed in 1806. North by Lyman, Boundaries^ 63 three ponds in town, but it is supposed they are united beneath a which floats upon the and rises and falls with large bog, surface, the water. The town is watered by Merrimack and Piscataquoag Rivers, which afford some water Hirers. the power. Minerals. Iron ore, plumbago, hornblende, crystallized quartz, &c, are found here in limited east by Landaff, south by Haver- quantities. and west by Ryegate Improved land, 18,639 acres. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agricul- hill, Vt. Ninety-eight miles Distances. Concord and forty-two north-east from Hanfrom north-west 7,000 bushels of corn, 19,000 bushels potatoes, and 3.200 tons hay are produced, 5,000 clapboards, ture. over. 395,000 shingles, The Boston, Concord and Montreal and "White moun- of boards, Railroads. tains (N. H.) railroad passes through this town. BEDFORD. ly. and &c, and are 1,300,000 feet sawed annual- There are also a wheelwright, several other mechanical shops in town. Many thousands of bricks are also manufactured. Resources. Productions of the soil, $178,000; mechanical labor, § 16, 100 stock and money at interest, $24,000; deposits in savings banks, $ 146,875 stock in trade, ' Hillsborough Co. In part, the surface is soil is the west uneven, but the strong and productive. the Merrimack are Of late years much On rich intervals. attention lias been given to producing milk for the Manchester market. The value of milk annually sold is estimated at $75,000. Bedford ranks as the second town in the county in the value of its agricultural productions. Natural Curiosities. In the, westerly part of the town is a gulf and precipice, which are worthy of a visit from all lovers of natural Over the precipice a small river plunges, falling two curiosities. ; ; $ 17,812. Churches and Schools. Presby- terian church, Rev. Ira C. Tyson, pastor. districts, There are twelve school and eleven schools in town average length of schools ; the year, twenty-two weeks. First Settlements. In 1733 foi Mas- sachusetts granted Bedford to the officers, soldiers and the surviving heirs of those deceased, who served in the Narragansett war, under the name of "Narragansett, No. 5, or " Souhegan East." The number hundred feet in a distance of one hundred yards. Excavations in of grantees solid stone are and James S. "Walker, in 1737. Col. John Goffe, Matthew Patten, Esq., and Captain Samuel Patten, ciently large persons. found here, to contain There are suffi- several apparently was settlement was 120. The first made by Robert �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER, 64 were added to the settlement in Several of the early settlers emigrated from the northern part of Ireland. Silas Barron, son of 1738. Moses Barron, was born A. D. 1741 and was the first child born in south from Concord, eight north- from Amherst, and four west from Manchester. Concord Railroad Railroads. passes through this town. When completed, the Manchester and east town. In 1745, James McQuade and Robert Burns, who had been to a neighboring town, on their return were surprised by a party of Indians, concealed in the bushes, McQuade was near the path. killed, but Burns, by running in a zig-zag course, so confused the enemy, that he made his escape near Goff s Falls. On the bank of the river is a plot of ground supposed once to have been an Indian burying ground. Dr. Woodbury, in company with others, in 1821, exhumed a part of three skeletons one appeared to have been buried in a sitting position all their heads lay towards the south. Human bones have been washed from the banks of the river near these grounds. Ashburnham Railroad Hon. John Orr, a distinguished citizen of this town was in the battle of Bennington, under Gen. Stark, and received a wound in the early part of the engagement. He died here in January 1823, aged west section of Gilmanton, and runs in a southerly direction through this town, discharging its water into the Winnepiseogee River, and affording some very good water privileges in its course. A part of Suncook Mountains lie : ; seventy-five years. Incorporated May pass through also BELMONT. Belknap Co. of the towns Belmont is one most important farming in the State, ranking as the twenty-first in value of agricultu- The surface is broken with hills and valleys, affording some very fine scenery. The soil is deep, well cultivated, and produces excellent crops of corn, wheat, oats and hay. No town in the county, in proportion to the number of acres cultivated, exceeds Belmont in value of agricul- ral products. tural products. Streams and Mountains. A con- siderable stream rises in the north- in 19, 1750. will it. the north-east section of the Rev. John Houston, (Presby.) ordained in 1758, died in 1778; Rev. David Mc Gregor settled in 1804. A Pres- town. byterian Church ists, First Ministers. was formed in Scenery. The beautiful and ro- mantic scenery of this town at- many tourthrough the warm tracts the attention of who visit it Boundaries and Area. North by Goffstown, east by Merrimack River, which separates it from season of the year. There is a pleasant and busy village called Factory Village. Agricidture is Employments. Manchester, south by Merrimack nnd west by Amherst and New Boston. Area, 20,000 acres. Im- people, although manufacturing is carried on to a considerable extent. 1757. proved land Distances. 11,781 acres. Twenty-one the principal employment of the 700,000 feet of boards, miles &c., and 450,000 shingles are annually pro- �BENNINGTON. duced, and 86,000 dozen pairs of womens' cotton hose are annually manufactured. Resources. soil, §165,980; Productions of the mechanical labor, $48,400; stocks and money terest, $22,400; deposits in banks, $92,470 ; at in- savings stock in trade, $6, from summer tourists, $10,000. Churches and Schools. 1st Freewill Baptist Church, Rev. J. L. Sinclair, pastor; 2d Freewill Baptist Church, Rev. J. Davis Pastor Christian Church, Rev. A. Kidder, pastor. There are twelve school districts in this town, and fourteen schools. Average length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks. Hotels. Belmont House American House. This town First Organization. was disannexed from Gilmanton, June 28, 1859, and called Upper Gilmanton, but was changed to Belmont in July, 1869. For first settlers see Gilmanton. Boundaries. North-east by GilGilmanton, ford, south-east by south-west by Canterbury and north-west by Northfield, ami Winnepiseogee River and Lake Area of imWinnesquame. proved land, 10,625 acres. Twenty-four miles Distances. north from Concord, and four south from Gilford. Railroads. Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad passes through 812; ; the north-western section of this town. By daily stage to Tilton The Franklin and Rochester Railroad will pass through here when completed. Station, six miles. BENNINGTON. Hillsborough Co. The surtown is uneven, but face of this the soil is productive when proper- 65 Bennington cultivated. ly is a small township taken from Deering, Francestown, Greenfield and Hancock, in 1842. Hirers. Contoocook River passes through this town and affords good water power which is generally improved. Employments. The inhabitants are largely engaged in manufacturing. The manufactory of cutlery is very extensive; over 450 tons of paper are annually produced and 450,000 feet of lumber annually sawed; besides powder, barrels, kits, &c., are made. Bennington Village is a busy and en; ergetic place for business. The annual value of manufactured goods produced in town is $161,500. (See tables.) Resources. soil, $21,487; Productions of the mechanical labor, $29,400; stocks, &c, and money deposits in savings banks, $30,294; stock in at interest, $15,850; trade, $22,450. Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. Congre- James Holmes pas- There are five schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks. In the summer of 1871 a graded school building was erected at an expense of $3,800. It is worthy of notice that after the first term of tor. eleven weeks, with eighty scholars in both departments, not a single scratch upon the desks, nor a single mark upon the walls of the school room could be discovered. Library. Bennington Social Library 400 vols. — Hotel. Washington House. Boundaries. North by Deering, east by Francestown, south by Francestown and Greenfield, and west by Hancock and Antrim. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 66 Acres of improved land, 3,299. Railroads. Ten miles by daily stage to Hillsborough Bridge, on the Contoocook Valley Railroad; also daily stage to Wilton, fifteen miles on the Wilton Railroad. The Peterborough and Hillsborough Railroad will pass through Bennington when built. BENTON. Grafton Co. Pond is Beaver Meadow the only considerable sheet of water in this town. It abounds Oliverian river, so with trout. called from a into it Mr. Oliver, who (Oliver is in fell "Oliverian''''), through the south part. Tunnel brook is in the north part, flows and Baker River, the Asquamchumawke, rising in a small pond on Moosehillock, runs easterly The centre of into Woodstock. the town is studded with mounSugar-loaf Mountain tain peaks. is very symmetrical, and Owl's Head is most fertile in blueberries, thousands of bushels being picked on its summit each year. An im- mense precipice, called the Face, mountain, and when the country was first settled, a deer, and a hound pursuing, leaped over the brink and fell a hundred fathoms down. The deer was killed, but the hound, save a broken leg, »seaped uninjured. Black Mt. is densely wooded, and Moosehillock ranks among the highest mounis on this New-Hampshire. Benton Avas Settlers. granted, January 31, 1764, to Theophilus Fitch, and it was settled in that part called High Street by Obadiah Eastman, shortly after the commencement of the Revolution. James Page settled soon after on Oliverian meadows, and tains in First William Whitcher was the first settler of North Benton. He was the father of sixteen children who lived to grow up, all very tall, and " there are more than a hundred feet of Whitehers in William Whitcher's family," was a true and very common expression. Dick French, a noted hunter and wolf-killer, formerly lived at the north part. Name. Coventry was the first name, but it was changed to Benton in honor of Hon. Thomas II. Benton, Dec. 4, 1840. Employments. There are some good and productive farms among the mountains, excellent crops are raised, much maple sugar is made, and the farmers lead pleasant lives. About one million feet of lumber are annually manufactured and sent to market. Summer Tourists. Moosehillock, called by the Indians Moosilauke, from mosi, bald, and auke, a place Bald-place, has been a noted resort for many years. There is a tradition that Waternomee, an Indian chief, ascended Robert Pomeroy, it about 1685. one of Rogers' Rangers, died on it in 1759. Chase Whitcher, father of Wni. Whitcher, was the first white settler, and Mrs. Daniel Patch the first white woman who climbed it. Amos F.Clough, photographer, and Prof. J. II. Huntington, of the State Geological Survey, spent the winter of 1869 and 1870 on its summit, being pioneers of mountain heterology, and the first men who ever achieved so — perilous a feat. There are two bridle paths leading to the top of — mountain one from North Benton and one from High Street, and from East Warren is a good the �BERLIN. 67 turnpike. The Prospect House, a small hotel, built of stone, on the a fine opportunity for lumbering. Rivers. The Androscoggin pass- is kept by James Clement, and he has hundreds of visitors each season. No other es mountain in New-Hampshire affords so grand a view. Five states, Maine, New-Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, and New York, with a part of Canada, are spread out beneath. The White Mountains, the Green Mountains, and some of the elevations in town, a fine view of the White Mountains highest peak, the Adirondacks, more than a thousand different peaks, shoot up around. The Connecticut, Asquamchumauke, Pemigewassett, and Ammonoosuc rivers are at the mountain's base. Forty lakes and ponds are visible, and, in the distance, on a clear day, is seen the ocean. Minerals. tals, in Perfect quartz crys- great abundance, are dug through the east part, and the Upper Ammonoosuc through the may be obtained. On Cate's Hill, is a combination of minerals rarely seen on the surface. The general appearance is exceedingly promising for copper, if not for tin but as yet it has not been discovered where the ore is concentrated in a vein, though there are there ; several places crystals of Epidote, the best in the State, are found on Owl's Head. Numerous specimens of lead and copper ores abound at High Street, and a quarry of stone, resembling Italian marble, has been opened on Black mountain. Railroad Facilities. The Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad passes through the south part. The stations are Summit and Bath. Boundaries. North by Landau"", east by Woodstock, south by Warren and West by Haverhill. Distances. Six miles from Haverhill, seventy from Concord. BERLIN. Coos Co. The surface of Berlin broken and mountainous, there being but 1,340 acres of improved land in town. There are vast is tracts of timber land, affording where it is nated through the rock. Employments. Berlin ond town in the State for dissemi- is the sec- manufac- turing lumber. Over twenty-three million feet of lumber of all kinds are annually sawed, valued at over $350,000. from the ground at North Benton. Immense From west part of the town. (See tables.) Resources. soil, $ $19,800; 156,400 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, money at interest, stock in trade, $15,550; from summer tourists, $30,000. $2,800; Church and Schools. L. H. Gordon, pastor. Methodist, There are six schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks. Library. W. W. Brown, private library, over 400 Hotels. volumes. Mount Forest House, and Berlin Falls House. First Settlements. This town was granted December 31, 1771, to Sir William Mayne, Bart, Robert, Thomas, and Edward Mayne, and others of Barbadoes, and was called Maynesborough till July 1, 1829, when it was incorporated by its present name. North by Milan, by Success, south by Randolph and Gorham, and west by Boundaries. east �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 68 Kilkenney. Distances. Area, acres. 31,000 One hundred and from Concord, and twenty east from Lancaster. forty miles north Railroad. Grand Trunk Rail- road passes through the eastern portion of the town. BETHIEHEM, Grafton Co. lehem is The soil months, according to careful esti* was four thousand." mation, Large boarding-houses are being erected every season, and are filled. If the tourists average forty dollars each in their expenses in town, which must be a low estimate, it will amount to the large sum of Beth- good, and produces fine crops of grain, potatoes and grass. At present, the lumber business is extensively carried on. Ammonoosuc Great and Gale Rivers are the principal and afford abundant streams, Elvers. water-power. Mountains. The principal mountains are Mount Agassiz and Peaked Mountain. Minerals. Specimens of magnetic and bog iron are found in various localities. The inhabitants Employments. are generally devoted to agriculture and keeping summer boardThe town is in the vicinity ers. White Mountain Range, and is the Rendezvous for travelers who wish to visit the Moun- of $160,000 for the season. This large influx of people through the Summer affords the farmers a fine opportunity to market their surplus produce at advance rates. The lumber business is important. Over 1,300,000 clapboards, 1,900, 000 shingles, and 8,800,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed and give employment to over 100 men in its manu(See tables.) facture. Productions of the Resources. ; $137,602; mechanical labor, $68,300; money at interest, $22, 500; stock in trade, $50,425; deposits in savings bank, $1,598; from summer tourists, estimate, soil, $ 160,000. The inhabitants in the northern where there of the sections of the State, on their return to take the branch road from the White Mountain Railroad has its junction here, and extends six appears to be the most enterprise, have but little money deposited in The rusty iron savings banks. chests in southern New-Hampshire, which contain Western Railroad stocks and bonds, Western county, city, and town bonds, and Western personal notes, secured by tains, or cars. A miles to the in Carroll. Twin Mountain House It will be extended coming season. The village of Bethlehem is very pleasantly situated, and the scenery around it is beautiful and hard to be surpassed. A prominent resident of this town says: "The future prospects of Bethlehem are very flattering, owing to the great rush of summer tourists. The farther the number who stopped in the season of 1872, from one week to three mortgage on Western real to the value of more than $ estate, 12.000, 000 do not produce as much State enterprise (which shows a practical State benefit) as does the $122,000 invested in mills, &c, and $190,000 invested in hotels and Bethlehem. boarding-houses in Ten thousand dollars properly invested in this State, will do more good, and produce more business �BOSCAWEN. among the people than a million of dollars invested in Western Railroad stocks and bonds. MethoChurches and Schools. Rev. Charles II. Smith, pas- dist, members, 60, Church value, There are eleven schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, fifteen weeks; total tor, $3,000. 69 Bista?iccs. One hundred miles north from Concord, and thirtysix, by rail, north from Haverhill. Railroads. White Mountains Railroad passes through the northern section of the town to Carroll. The Portland and Odgensburg is expected to pass through some portion of the town. value of school-houses, $7,850. Houses. BOSCAWEN. and Summer Boarding Hotels Merrimack County. Sinclair House, valued at Mount Agassiz House, $60,000; Prospect valued at $20,000; White House, valued at $ 12,000 Mountain Boarding House, valued at $9,000: Spooner Cottage, valued at $ 7,000 Bean's Cottage, valued at 6,500 Turner's Cottage, $4,000, (it is being enlarged at an expense of $5,000.) Wilder Boarding House, $8,000; Bailey's ; ; ; Before Boscawen was divided and the town of Webster taken from its western limits, it was considered, with one exception, the best and farming township in the The soil on the river is deep and easy to cultivate, and when properly fertilized produces largest county. excellent crops of corn. On the uplands the soil is strong and good for grazing and the raising of fruit. The average value of production for each acre of improved land is $ 10. 16| the average of the county is $9.33. This includes pasturage and tillage land. Some of the finest farms in the county are in Cottage, $ 5,000. There are other houses where some summer tourists stop through the summer. Livery Stables. Clark Brothers, 30 horses, valued at $ 12,000 H. Wilder, 16 horses, $7,000; Sawyer & Wallace, 8 horses, valued at $3,000; Thompson & Son, 8 horses, valued at $ 3,000 Bowles & Young, 5 horses, valued at Farm is located in the northern part of the town near the Merri- $2,000. mack. ; ; December 27, 1769; James Turner, Thomas and John Hatch, Nathan and Amos Wheel- incorporated, and others settled here in 1790. First Church Organization. Con- er, Baptist, 1800; Boscawen. The Merrimack County Rivers and Ponds. Bethlehem was First Settlers. gregational, ; October, 15, 1802; Freewill Baptist, 1813. which Great Pond, town anr" Long Pond, lies partly in this partly in Webster, and western section of the town, are the principal bodies of water. in the Merrimack River washes its east- ern border, while the Contoocook waters the south-eastern corner. The latter River furnishes some North by Whiteby Carroll, and ungranted lands, south by Franconia and Lisbon, and west by Littleton. Total area, 31,154 acres; improved fine land, 10,955 acres. inhabitants, although the agricul- Boundaries. field, east water power at Fisherville, which is situated partly in this town and partly in Concord. Employments. is the principal Manufacturing employment of the �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 70 town is imporand on many of the farms it There are is lucrative business. 34 farms in town whose annual ag- in trade, $48,975; professional business, $ 10,000. Fishcrville. On the Contoocook River, and near its confluence with ricultural productions are respect- the Merrimack, is situated the en- ively valued at over $1,000; 14 over $ 1,5'00; 7 over $2,000; 5 over terprising manufacturing and 1 3 over $3,600; Seven farms are valued at $ 97,000, and have a total area of improved land of 1,700 acres. line amount annually paid for labor was $4,200; and the total most valuable water-power on the Contoocook is at this point, the water falling over 60 feet in a dis- tural interest of the tant, of Fisherville. It cord, larger portion in Concord. total value of farm productions $ 22, 100, or $ 13 to each acre of improved land. These seven farms have invested in stock and farming implements, about $ 15,000, and received from the forest production less 30,000 pairs of shoes ; 000. made and tanned, $4,500; castings and machinery to the value of $60,000; doors, sash, and blinds saws, to the value of $20,000; 300; ;' to the value barrels valued 300,000 feet of boards shingles, of over at $ 23, 3,100,000 and dimension tim- axe helves, besides carriages sleighs, excelsior, doors, ber, 2,000 doz. ; sash, blinds, saws, bar soap, and various other small mechanical shops too numerous to mention. The total horse water-power which is near the mill. The total value of all goods manufactured annually is $907,600, employing 180 males and 104 females, Avho annually re- improved in this village, is over 850; capital invested in manufac- $ 598,000 males employed, females and children, 245; amount annually paid for labor, $ 248,000 value of goods annually manufactured, $ 1,412,900. There are fifteen or twenty stores, of various kinds, two hotels, four churches, two graded schoolhouses, an academy, bank, insurance, express, post, and various other offices common to a large tories, ; 408; ceive for their labor, $ 129,600. Capital invested in manufactures, ; $310,600. Productions of the soil, ; ; flour $ 500,000 $ 10,000 336,000 bushels of wheat and other grain ground, and over 1,000,000 feet of lumber of all kinds sawed. There were ground 46,800 barrels of flour in 1872, and the barrels for the flour were made $94,273; mechanical labor, $129,600; money at interest, $30, 725; stocks, &c, $36,000; deposits in savings banks, $ 103,492 stock Foundry and machine shop, grain ground into meal $ 65,000 leather Resources. The tance of less than a mile. In this village there are two cotton mills, annually manufacturing 4,386,000 yards of cotton print cloth, two woolen mills, annually producing flannel, cassimeres, and yarn to the value of $ 105,000 bedsteads, bureaus, sinks, teapoys, and lookingglass frames to the value of $ 173, than $2,500; making, after deducting for labor and taxes, over 12 per cent, on the capital invested in farming. There are 1,488,000 yards of cotton cloth annually manufactured, 345,000 yards of flannel woven, village located on the between Boscawen and Conand is nearly equally divided between the two towns, with the $2,800; $4,800. The is I �The above cut Co., Fisherville, represents the establishment of Gage, Porter N. H., every description: other saws. for the viz., manufacturing of circular, mill, cast-steel cross-cut, pit, & saws of wood, and Their shops are quite extensive and located near the Northern railroad. A side track is laid through their yard which enables them to convey their goods to all sections of the country without trans-shipment. for more than twenty They have been years, in successful operation and their business adds much enterprise of that thrifty village. to the ��BOSCAWEN. village, and about 300 dwelling- Some houses. business the of and blocks, are elegant structures, many private residences are pleasantly located and are costly build- There are many wealthy ings. men in this village, but less men 71 Rev. "Win. R. 1,500 volumes; Jewett, N. Butler, Esq., and Isaac K. Gage, Esq., have libraries of over 500 volumes each. Ambrose Hotel Hotels. cawen and Plains, at Bos- Penacook House, at Fisherville. of leisure, than in any other village of its size in the State, and less show of aristocracy. Evei-y man is persons, living in equal with his neighbor, and none that State, for a tract of land on the so rich that he is ashamed to labor, but still too proud to be called in- westerly side of Merrimack river, and a grant was obtained, Decem- The people are an intelligent reading class, the receipts of the post-ollice being over S 1,100 annually, showing that the inhabitants know how to read and write, and intend to improve their spare ber 8, 1732, by John Coffin and eighty others, of a territory, seven The provisions of miles square. this grant were, that within four years from the date of the confirmation of the plan, they should settle, and have on the spot eighty families, each settler to build a good, convenient dwelling-house, at least eighteen feet square, and clear, fence, and improve, at least, four acres of land. The tract being properly surveyed, a settlement dolent. moments in those occupations. About two miles north of Fisherville, on the Merrimack, is located the old, but pleasant, village of Boscawen Plains. For many years this village siderable was trade. the seat of con- The principal First Settlement. In 1732, certain Newbury, Mass., petitioned to the General Court of street is wide, very straight, level, was commenced and some portions of Nathaniel Danforth, Moses Burbank, Stephen Gerrish, Edward it, beautifully shaded. The dwellings, and their surroundings, have an antique appearance, but show an air of respectability and wealth. It still is a very pleasant and desirable loca- tional, Rev. W. Abigail, Congre- feet square, Congrega- R. Jewett, Pastor. There are eight school and ten schools in town districts, average length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks annual amount appropriated for school purposes, ; ; $2,583.83. Literary Institution. Penacook is located in this town, Academy at Fisherville. Libraries. others. Curtice, Churches and Schools. Rev. Corbin gational, at Fisherville, and daughter of Nathaniel Danforth, was the first child born in town. The first settlers were exposed to Indian incursions, and, for protection, they erected a log fort, 100 tion to live in. pastor; Emery, early in 1734, by Fisherville Library, and ten feet in height. This fort proved a safe defence and protection, itants, for for all of the more inhab- than* 20 years. The Indians made an attack on the settlement in 1746, and killed Thomas Cook, a colored man, and Jones captive, and carried him to Canada, where he died. In May, 1754, Nathaniel Melvin and family, consisting of himself, wife, and five children, were taken, and carried to Canada, took Elisha �72 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. from whence they escaped, after a servitude of three years. In August of the same year, they killed the wife of Philip Call. They were pursued by the settlers, and secreting themselves in ambush, rushed out upon their pursuers, took Enos Bishop prisoner, and killed Timothy Cook, who attempted to escape by plunging into the river. Ezekiel Flanders, and Edward Emery were killed in 1756, while on a hunting excursion to Newfound lake. Thirty-seven years before the settlement was commenced first Boscawen, there was enacted within the present limits of this town, one of the most heroic deeds to secure liberty from the hands of a savage foe, ever recorded on the pages of history, and which may be appropriately mentioned here. in At the confluence of the Contoocook River with the Merrimack, on the north line of Concord, is Dustin's island, over which the Northern Railroad now passes. This island has become justly celebrated on account of an exploit of a lady, whose name it bears. On the 15th of March, 1697, the Indians made a descent on Haverhill, Mass., where they took Mrs. Hannah Dustin, who was confined to her bed, with an infant only six days old, and attended by her nurse, Mary Xiff. They soon despatched the infant, by dashing its head against a tree, and proceeded up the Merrimack. After a long and tedious march, they arrived at this island. The wigwam to which they were conducted, and which belongs to the savage, them who claimed was inhabited by 12 persons, viz., two men, three women and seven young Indians. as his property, The prisoners were Mrs. Dustin, the nurse, and a youth they had taken from Worcester, named Samuel Lannardson. On this island they rested for a while, intending soon to proceed on their way, a considerable distance farther up the river, to an Indian town, the captives where were informed that they would be compelled to run the gauntlet through the village. Aware of the cruelties that awaited her, Mrs. Dustin formed a determination to exterminate the whole party, should an opportunity present itself. She prevailed on her nurse and the boy to assist her in carrying out this bold and hazardous undertaking. On the morning of the 31st of March, a little before day, finding the whole company in a sound sleep, she awoke her confederates, and with the Indians' hatchets despatched ten of the twelve. One of the women, whom they thought they had killed made her escape, and a favorite boy they designedly left. Mrs. Dustin then secured the provisions in die wigwam, taking the gun of her dead master, and the tomahawk with which she slew him, and to prevent pursuit, she scuttled all the canoes save one. She embarked in that, with the boy Lannardson and the nurse, on the then high and turbulent Merrimack, to seek her way to Haverhill. They had not proceeded far, however, when Mrs. Dustin perceived they had neglected to take the scalps. With her companions, she returned and took ofl* the scalps and put them in a bag, and with these bloody witnesses of the feat, she again turned down the river, and in a few days arrived at Haverhill safe. On the 21st of April, she visited Boston. �BOW. The General Court of Massachusetts made her a grant of £50 as a reward for her determined and bloody strike for liberty. Mrs. Dustin was the daughter of Michael and Hannah Emerson, and tne eldest of fifteen children. She was born December 23, 1657, and married to Thomas Dustin, December 3, 1677. She was the mother of thirteen children and years of age when was forty Her captured. descendants by the name of Dustin, and also her family connections by the name of Emerson, are numerous in New-Hampshire. On this island, between the rail- road and the Merrimack, there is being erected a handsome granite monument (on the precise spot where the memory The of wigwams stood) Hannah Dustin. in proprietors gave the town- ship the name of Contoocook, from the Indian name of the river, which touches It its south-eastern border. was incorporated, and received its present name in 1760, in honor of Sir Edward Boscawen, an English admiral. First Ministers. Rev. Phineas Stevens, ordained in 1740; died in Rev. Robie Merrill, ordained dismissed in 1766. Nathaniel Merrill, ordained in 1768; dismissed in 1774. Rev. Samuel Wood, D. D., ordained in 1781, and continued in charge of the church, for more than fifty years. He was 1755. in 1761; distinguished Under eighty for his learning. more than young men were fitted for his instruction, college, thirty-one of came ministers of whom be- the gospel. 73 west by Webster. Area of improved land, 9,274 acres. Distances. Eight miles from Concord, north-west. Railroads. The Northern Railroad passes along the whole western border of the town. BOW. Merrimack County. The face of this sur- town isuneven, but the though hard, is very producand yields abundant crops, the surplus of which finds a ready market in Concord, Suncook, or Manchester. There is no town in soil, tive, the State in which the people are better provided with this world's goods than Bow. The soil alone produces to each man, woman and child, $200 annually. They have deposited money in the savings banks enough to give every ratable poll in town $530 each, or to give every person in town $175. Ponds and Rivers. Truree Pond is the principal body of water. Turkey River is the principal stream, and joins the Merrimack at Turkey Falls. The Merrimack washes its eastern border. The ruins of Bow Canal, on the Mer- rimack, at the Falls, are about three miles below Concord. It originally cost $13,800, and was built for the passage of boats, in the days when the Merrimack was used in transporting merchandise up and down its channel. Railroads have taken the place of canals on the Merrimack, except when they are used to convey water power to move machinery. Employments. The inhabitants all engaged in agricul- Boundaries. North by Salisbnry and Franklin, east by the Merri- are nearly mack river, which separates it from shingles, Canterbury and Northfield, and ture. 40,000 clapboards, 550,000 and 675,000, feet of boards and dimension timber are �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 74 was thirty-eight years Bow gained a victory annually sawed, valued at $13,400, and 25,000 bushels grain ground, ganization $24,200. over Concord in Productions of the Resources. soil, mechanical labor, stocks and money at inter- $153,546; $7,000 est, $13,430; ; deposits in savings banks, $122,445; stock in trade, MethoChurches and Schools. Rev. J. W. Walker, pastor Baptist, Rev. Mr. Whittemore, pasThere are fourteen schools. tor. Average length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks. dist, Bow was Settlement. granted by the authorities of New- Hampshire, to Jonathan Wiggin and others, in 1727, and was originally nine miles square, and covered nearly all the territory grant- ed to Ebenezer Eastman and others, by the authorities of Massachusetts, two years previous, under the name of Pennacook (now Concord.) Massachusetts pretended to hold authority over a large portion of the territory of New- Hampshire final for many years, till the boundary line was estab- lished, in 1741, giving New-Hamp- more territory than it had ever claimed. These complicated lines of the two towns coming from two pretended authorities, were not settled decisively, till after the final separtion of the two States, and, as might be expected, the government of New-Hampshire gave Bow the preference in its grant of 1727, and did not recognize the title of the Pennacook grantees, and in the bill, giving a charter for the parish of Concord, it was worded as " taking a part of the town of Bow," &c. Although Concord was granted and surveyed before Bow, its final orshire still it. it two-thirds of cord, its was obliged its original title to yield over territory to Con- Pembroke and Hopkinton, establishing their final boundary lines at different times, from 1759 to 1765. $10,300. First after First Minister. A Baptist church was organized in 1795; the Rev. Benjamin Sargent was ordained as pastor in 1797, resigned in 1801. Boundaries. North by Concord, East by Merrimack River, which separates it from Pembroke, south by Dunbarton, and west by HopArea kinton. Area, 16,000 acres its ; of improved land, 8,101 acres. Seven miles south Distances. from Concord. Concord Railroad. passes along its Railroad eastern border. BRADFORD. Merrimack County. Many parts of Bradford are hilly, but quite a portion of it lies in a valley about three miles wide. There are many good farms, which yield a good return to the farmer for his labor. At Bradford Mills there is There a pleasant, busy village. are two churches, a school house, several stores, two hotels, and offices of various kinds. The Presby village. a fine building, pleasantnear the centre of the It is becoming quite a summer resort for tourists. House is ly located Brad- ford Springs, three miles from the railroad depot, is noted for its much vis- healing qualities, and ited is by invalids, and lovers of pleasure and recreation. Ponds and Rivers. Todd's Pond, Newbury, is the largest body of water in lying in Bradford and �BRENTWOOD. There are several floating which are town. islands in this pond, considered objects of forms outlet Its curiosity. the northern Branch of Warner River. Pleas- Bradford Bond, lies in the This Pond is studded with numerous small islands, which with the rugged descent of the eastern bank, and the dwelant, or east part. and varigated fields on the western shore, present, in the summer season, a wild and charming scenery. Warner River is the principal stream, and affords many lings excellent mill privileges. Farming is the employment of the peo970,000 feet of boards, &c, Employments. It 75 was incorporated September 27, and included a part of Wash- 1787, ington. Mrst Minister. The CongregaChurch was organized in 1803. Rev. Lemuel Bliss, first tional minister, ordained in March, 1805, died in 1814. Boundaries. Bounded north by Newbury and Sutton, east by ton. Area, 19,000 acres. Twenty-eight miles north from Concord; thirty-four north-westerly from Amherst. Bradford is situRailroads. Distances. Concord principal ated on the ple. mont Railroad. 130,000 shingles are annually produced. 6,500 pounds of maple sugar is annually manufactured. (See tables.) Agricultural proResources. and ducts, $106,484; $9,000; stocks, mechanical labor, and .money at in- banks, $59,869; stock from Summer $21,200; in the soil 000 and Chtirches Schools. Baptist, Rev. E. Pepper, pastor; CongreThere are gational, no pastor. twelve school districts and thirAverage teen schools in town. length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks. Library. The Bradford Social commenced op- Library has just erations. Hotels. Presby House, at Brad- ford village, Spring Hotel, at Brad- ford Springs. First Settlement. first settled in 1771, Bradford was by Dea. Wil- liam Presbury and family, consistins: Rockingham surface of this neither tourists, of his wife and ten children. Clare- BRENTWOOD. trade, $6,000; professional business, $15, & Daily stages be- tween Bradford, Sutton, and New London, connect with trains to and from Boston. savings terest, $27,180; deposits in War- by Henniker and Hillsborough, and West by Washing- ner, south is it The County. town is not rough, very level. Much of of a good quality and well adapted to grass and grain. There are many fine farms under a is high state of cultivation, producing excellent crops of corn and other farm produce, which finds a good market at Exeter or Epping. The county farm is located here, which proves that the land in Brentwood is of a superior quality, and can be obtained at market rates. Exeter River flows Streams. through the entire length on the southerly side of the town. Little River and Deer Hill River run within the limits of this town. The water power is considerable and is generally improved. At Pickpocket there is a paper mill, saw mill and Minerals. grist mill. Iron ore has in con- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 76 siderable quantities, been discov- Distances. some localities; vitriol combined in masses of sulphur has from Exeter. also been found. ter Employments. Agriculture is the principal vocation of the inhabi- jected line of railroad from Salis- tants, but considerable manufacturing of various kinds is carried bury to Epping is built, it will pass through a portion of this town. ered on. in Wrapping paper ue of $ 40,000 tured, is Railroads. station Maine to the val- $ 10,000, miles Four miles, to Exeon the Boston and When railroad. the pro- Grafton County. 200,000 The soil of well adapted to grazing excelled by very few towns this town dimension timber sawed, valued at and is $ 9,400, besides in the county, in this respect. shingles, 730,000 feet of boards and carriages, wheels, west BiUDGEWAXElC, annually manufac- leather, Four is Good boxes, sale boots and shoes &c. Total value of goods annually man- crops of corn, oats and potatoes are produced. The west part of the ufactured $ 124,000. (See tables.) Resources. Agricultural produc- town $ $ 26,500 tions, 100,472; ; mechanical labor, stocks and money at in- $7,500; deposits in savings banks, $45,740; stock in trade, terst, $ 10,275. Churches and Sclwols. Baptist, Rev. C. D. Sweet, pastor; Congregational, Rev. W. C. Jackson, pastor. There are four schools; average length for the year, twenty-two weeks. First Settlement. Brentwood was formerly a part of Exeter, and Avas disannexed from it, and formed into a separate town, June 26, 1742. The early history of Exeter is the history of this town up to its incorporation. In 1775, it had 1,100 inhabitants or over one hundred more than it had in 1870. First Ministers. Rev. NathanTrask, Congregational, ordained in 1752, died in 1789. Samuel Shephard, ordained in 1775, died in 1816. iel Boundaries. North by Epping, by Exeter, south by East Kingston and Kingston, and west east by Fremont. Area 10,465 area of improved land, 7,063 acres. ; is watered by Newfound Lake, and the east part by Pemigewasset river. There are no riv- ponds of any note. Employments. The inhabitants are mostly engaged in farming. 120,000 feet of lumber is annually produced, and 5,000 pounds of maple sugar are annually made. ers or Agricultural prod- Resources. ucts, $ $ 56,268 1,550; mechanical labor, stock and money at inter- stock in trade, $ 600 deposits in savings banks, $24,207. est, $ ; 5,775 ; Churches and Schools. There are three churches, Congregational, Freewill Baptist and Union churches; eleven school districts and nine schools; average length of school for the year, fourteen weeks. First Settlers. inally included Bridgewater origall the tract of Bridgewater Hill and Bristol. It was first settled in 1776, by ThomIncorporated, as Crawford, Esq. February 12, 1788. North by PlyBoundaries. mouth and Hebron, east by Pemigewasset river, which separates from Holderness and New it Hampton, south by Bristol, and �77 BRISTOL. divides the west by Newfound Lake, which town from Alexandria. Newfound Lakes and Hirers. Lake about seven miles long and Improved three wide, lies partly in Bristol land, 7,878 acres. Thirty miles north from Concord, and about seven Distances. south-east from Plymouth. Railroads. From the centre of the town to Bridgewater station, on the Montreal railroad is four miles. surface and in some instances the hills are broken and rugged, presenting to the view a charming and romantic landscape. The soil is generally very good, and when well cultivated, produces excellent crops. There is a fine manufachilly turing village in Bristol, which at present is growing very rapidly. There are thirty or more manufactories of various kinds in this village. There are 20,000 pounds of axles annually manufactured two straw board mills produce 490 tons of straw board, one paper mill an; nually manufactures 400 tons of manilla paper, and there are two woolen mills. There are annually manufactured 1,493 dozen buck gloves, valued at $31,600; 11,900 glove leather skins tanned, valued $ 18,200 14,000 bedsteads, valued at § 33,000 one hose manufactory, sash and blind, and various other manufactories, too numerous to be detailed. There are also from twenty-five to thirty stores ; ; all kinds; a printing office, Savings Bank, one Hotel, three of churches, a High school building, three Physicians and three Law- This village is the terminus of the Franklin and Bris- yers offices. tol Branch railroad, Bridgewater and Hewaters are united with in Pemigewasset by Newfound River about two miles long and one hundred feet wide. Smith's River which forms the southern bound- town and Hill, unites with the Pemigewasset near Grafton County. The at the Its ary between this BRISTOL. is and partly bron. which con- nects with the Northern railroad at Franklin. Newfound river. Newfound and Smith's Rivers af- the confluence of water valuable ford very which largely ileges assist priv- the enterprising people of Bristol in their energetic eflbrts in manufac- turing. Plumbago of a supe- Minerals. rior quality, has in this been discovered town and in considerable quantities. Employments. Manufacturing and mercantile trade are the principal and most lucrative employments of the people. Owing to the romantic and varied scenery in many Bristol, tourists spend their vacations here, and many families derive a good income from keeping summer boarders. There are many good farms in town and many prosperous farmers. The annual value of manufactured productions of all kind summer is $ 570,700. Resources. ucts, $ (See table). Agricultural prod- $ 63,690 ; mechanical labor, and money at in- 107,700; stocks terest, $ 13,800 deposits in sav- ; professional ings banks, $ 37,470 stock in trade, services, $ 15,000 ; ; $ 48,700; from summer tourists, $6,000, (estimate). CongreKetchum, paschurch valua- Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. Silas tor ; members 124 tion, $ Methodist, Rev. G. 13,000 ; ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 78 W. Norris, pastor; number ; ; J. Abbott, pastor ; church valuation, $ members 10,000. 90 There are nine school districts and twelve schools in town; average length of schools for the year, twenty weeks amount of money annually appropriated for school pur; In Bristol village a graded school with a building costing $ 12,000. There are four school teachers and two hundred and twenty-five scholars poses, $ 1798.33. there is in this building. Libraries. Rev. Silas Ketcham (private), 4,000 books, and BROOKFIELD. of members, 306 church valuation, $ 18,000 Freewill Baptist, Rev. G. 2,000 Carroll County. this town produces is soil fertile, of and crops of corn, hay, full &c, when properly cultivated. Pavers and Ponds. Salmon The deep and Falls River has On \ A branch of its source stream are several valuable water privileges which are unoccupied. Cook's Pond is the largest body of water in town, and is the only pond of note, excepting a small pond, covering about fifteen acres, situated directly on the top of Moose Mountain. Employments. Agriculture is the in Cook's Pond. chief this employment of the people. lumber is annually pamphlets; F. H. Bartlett, 900 volumes. Hotel. Bristol House, valued at 600,000 feet of $25,000. soil, Bank. Bristol Savings Bank. (See tables.) Bristol was taken from Bridgewater and New Chester (now Hill) and Incorporated June 24, 1819. Colonel Peter Sleeper, Productions of the Resources. $37,057; mechanical labor, $3,000; stocks and money at interest, $4,740; stock in trade, $2, First Settlements. others sawed. 400; deposits in savings bank, $20,395. Emmons and Churches and Schools. Freewill Methodist and Advent denominations. There are seven commenced a settlement school districts and five schools. Beujamin here in 1770. First Church. A Methodist society was incorporated and a church organized in June, 1818. Boundaries. North by Bridgewater, east by Pemigewasset River, which separates it from NewHampton, south, by Hill and west Area 9,000 acres, by Alexandria area of improved land, 8,067 acres. Distances. Thirty miles north Baptist, Average length of schools First Organization. was Brookfield originally a part of Middleton, from which it was taken and Durham and Wolfe- and west by borough. Railroads. Bristol Branch of the Northern railroad has its terminus here. New-Hampshire Cen- Forty-five Distances. north-east from Concord. when through Bristol. built, will pass in- corporated in 1794. Nicholas Austin first settled here a few years before the town was incorporated. North by WolfeBoundaries. borough and Wakefield, east by Wakefield, south by Middleton, from Concord, and sixteen south from Plymouth.. tral railroad, for the year, fourteen weeks. miles The Wolfeborough Railroad. Branch Railroad passes through this town. �BROOKLINE — CAMBRIDGE. BROOKLINE. 79 There are two churches and four Brookline House. This town formerly belonged to Massachusetts and was included in the Dunstable grant. It was incorporated, March, 1769, under the name of Raby but in 1778, by a legislative act, it received its present stores. name. Hotel. Hillsborough County. The soil, in some portions of this town, good, Mini yields fine crops, while parts it requires great care in cultivating ,for the farmer is in other to get a fair return for his labor. Rivers and Ponds. Nisitissit is the only river in this town, and takes its rise in the north-east part of Mason, and runs in a southerly direction to Potanipo Pond. From this pond it runs through the south- west corner of Hollis, into the town of Pepperell, Mass., where Poit joins the Nashua river. tanipo, or Tanipus Pond, is situ- ated near the center of the town. Employments. The vocations of the people in Brookline are nearly First Settlement. ; First Rev. Lemuel ordained in 1797; Minister. Wardsworth, died in 1817. Boundaries. North by Milford, east by Hollis, south by Townsend and Pepperill, Mass, and west by Mason. Area, 12,664 acres. Area of improved land, 1,819 acres. Distances. Seven miles southwest from Amherst, eight west from Nashua, and forty south from Concord. Railroads. By daily express equally divided between farming and manufacturing. The value of train to Pepperell station, Mass., furniture, annually manufactured, Nashua Railroad. When completed, the Lyndeborough and is $26,300; 78,000 cask?, valued at $30,000; 1,600,000 feet of lumber sawed, valued at $22,000; besides seven miles, on the Worcester and Brookline Railroad through this town. will pass various other small manufactories. (See tables.) Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $26,077; from mechan- Coos County. The surface of this town is uneven, but a large labor, $38,000; deposits in savings banks, $ 60,786 money at portion of it is covered with a dense, heavy growth of wood. ical ; interest, $10,900; stock in trade, $26,480. Churches and Schools. members, The soil is good and a large pormight be easily cultivated. The town is well watered by branches of Androscoggin River, many of which have their rise here. Part of Lake Umbagog is in this town. There are but few inhabitants in town, and they are principally engaged in agriculture. The annual value of agricultural tion Congre- gational, Rev. F. S. Sargent, pastor, CAMBRIDGE. 65, church value, $3,500; Methodist, Rev. William E. Bennett, pastor, members, 37, church value, $3,000. There are seven school districts, and eight schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, thirteen weeks. Library. Brookline Young Men's Library, 430 volumes. products is $3,490; total valuation of the town $33,106. Boundaries. North by Erroll and Umbagog Lake, east by the �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 80 State of Maine, south by Success and Milan, and west by Dummer. Area, 23,160 acres. Granted to Naand others, in 1793. Distances. One hundred and forty-three miles north-east from Concord, and thirty-five northeast from Lancaster. First Settlers. thaniel Rogers CAMPTON. Grafton County. The surface of Campton is uneven, having several mountainous tracts. The soil very good, and produces fine crops of corn, oats, potatoes, and hay. The high lands in the valleys is The are excellent for grazing. forests are mostly deciduous, but there are some pine, spruce and hemlock. Campton is quite noted manufacturing of maple Some years 50,000 pounds are made. Rivers. Pemigewasset River runs north and south nearly through the centre of the town, and receives the waters of Mad, Beebe and Bog Brook on the east, and West Branch on the west. Livermore's Falls, in Pemigewasset River, near the south part of the town, present appearances of an interesting character The formation of for naturalists. the rocks in the bed of the river, for the sugar. at this point, bears conclusive evi- dence of a volcanic eruption in some age far in the past. Mountains. Mount Prospect situated in the southerly part, and the Morgan mountain range in the easterly part, are the most noted elevations in this town. From the summit of Mount Prospect, a delightful view of Winnipiseogee lake is obtained, as well as a large portion of the southern part of the The distance from its summit to the depot at Plymouth, on the Boston, Concord, and MonState. Railroad, treal four is miles. There are but few positions from whence so fine a view of the lake and the surrounding country can be had, and it is worthy of a visit from all lovers of fine natural scenery. Employments. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. It produces more maple sugar than any other town in the county. 500,000 feet of lumber are annually sawed, and considerable business is done in the manufacture of sale Many thousand pairs clothing. of pants are annually made. Agricultural Resources. pro- mechanical labor, $12,000, stocks and money at Interducts, §143,272; est, $7,266; banks, deposits $23,546; From summer $10,629; savings in stock in trade, tourists, $10,000. Churclies gational, pastor ; and Rev. Baptist, fohools. Congre- Quimby Blakely Rev. Mr. Tolman Freewill Baptist, Rev. Francis Morrison, pastor. There are fourteen schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, fifteen weeks. First Minister. Rev. Selden Church (Cong.), ordained in 1774, dismissed in 1792. Rev. John pastor; Webber, settled in 1812, dismissed in 1815. First Settlers. Campton and Rumney were included in the same grant to Captain Jabez Spencer, of East Haddam, Connecticut, but his death occurred before any settlement was made, and his heirs and others obtained a new charter in 1767. Two families, named Fox and Taylor first set- �CANAAN. When tied here, in 1765. the pro- two townof Campton and Itumney, 81 of Orange, and a good share from prietors surveyed the Dorchester and Groton comes to ships this place. they built their limits, and from camp within this fact the its town derived its present name. Campton furnished her full quota in the war of Independence, and five of her townsmen yielded up their lives to gain our liberties, and thirty is one At West Canaan there store, sive business. railroads, mart doing a very extenBefore the days of Canaan Street was the for trade of a large surround- ing country, being situated on the turnpike, over which the stages and big teams used to pass, but the West sacrificed their lives in the late thriving villages of East and Rebellion, to maintain those liber- Canaan, and Enfield, have secured much of its former prestige. It is a very pleasant village about two miles from East Canaan station, and a desirable location for any one to reside in. It is on the bor- ties, bought by the blood of their forefathers. Hotels. Sanborn House, and Seymore House. Boundaries. Bounded north by Thornton, east by Sandwich, south by Holderness and Plymouth, and west by Rumney. Area, 27,892 acres. Distances. Fifty miles north from Concord, and fourteen from Plymouth. Railroads. By stage daily, from Campton Centre to Plymouth Station, six miles, on the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad. CANAAN. Grafton County. The surface of Canaan is more even than several of the adjacent towns. The soil is generally deep and fertile, producing excellent crops. There are four small villages in the town, Canaan Street, East and West Canaan, and Factory Village. East Canaan, on the Northern Railroad, is the business centre for a large area of the surrounding country, and is an active village. There are four stores, three milliner's and dealers in fancy goods, one hotel, three church edifices, a newspaper and printing office, besides various kinds of manufactories, offices, &c. All the trade ders of a beautiful lake, and consists of a single straight street, a mile in length, lined on both sides by magnificent shade trees, while the residences are neat and tasty. The town house, academy, two churches and two stores are locaA mile beyond this is Factory Village, also a lively place, containing one store, and several manufactories. ted here. Mascoma River, which rises in the north-west part of Dorchester, winds through some of the this town, affording finest privileges in the State, but very few of which are improved. The principal ponds in this town are the Heart, Goose, Clarke, Mud and Bear Ponds. Heart Pond, so called from its peculiar form, is situated near Canaan street, upon a swell of land so elevated that at a distance, it presents the appearance of a small lake on a hill. There is an appar- ently artificial embankment nearly around the pond, from four to five feet high; but from frequent observations, it is found to have been produced by the drifting of the ice when breaking up in the Spring. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 82 The pond is 500 rods in length, and The largest portion of the peo- ple are engaged in agriculture; although all vocations of industry are pursued, which are usually found in a New England village. There are also several exten- engaged in the lumbering business, and 25,000 clapboards, 2,250,000 shingles and 3,550,000 sively feet of boards, &c, are annually sawed; 15,000 bushels of grain ground, besides straw-board and various other manufactures. The total value of goods of all kinds, annually manufactured is $124,900. (See tables). Agricultural productions, $119, mechanical labor, 520; money its $35,800; deposstock professional bus- at interest, $28,050 ; in savings banks, $48,614 in trade, $34,900 ; ; iness, $10,000. Churches and Schools. Baptist, Methodist, Rev. Morey Bean, pastor; Methodist at East Canaan, Rev. S. C. Farnham, pastor. There are twenty school dis- no pastor Canaan, The 200 in width. ; first Connecticut, in 1761. settlement was in the winter of 1776, by John Scofield. brought all the property he possessed on a hand-sled, a distance of fourteen miles. George and Joshua Norris, Samuel Jones, He Samuel Meacham, and Thomas Miner came soon after. Jonathan Dustin, a native of Haverhill, Massachusetts, died here, July aged 96 years. He was 4, 1812, grandson intrepid Hannah Dustin, who slew ten Indians on an Island near the mouth of the Contoocook to the river, in 1697, to regain so ruthlessly taken her liberty from her by the savages. A was organized town in 1780. Many difficulties were encountered and considerable opposition was manifestBaptist church in this ed in establishing this church. In 1783, Rev. Thomas Baldwin, D.D., was ordained and settled over it, and remained until removed to Boston. 1790, when he and twenty-two schools in town; average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks; Dr. Baldwin frequently visited Concord, on foot, through the wilderness. It was on one of these solitary walks, in his meditation on the unity of God's people, if they faithfully followed amount of money annually His word, that he composed the propriated miliar and beautiful stanzas com- tricts ; for school appurposes, mencing with $2,331.16. Literary Institution, &c. Canaan Tnion Academy, Herbert F. Nor- There is, at East Library Association, owning a Library of some 400 volumes, to which an addition of nearly 100 volumes is now annually ris, Principal. Canaan, a made. Hotel. is the fa- The only Hotel Union Hotel at East in town Canaan. First Settlers. This town was granted to sixty-two persons (all of whom except ten were) from "From whence doth this union arise?" Boundaries. North by Dorchester, east by Orange, south by Enfield, and west by Hanover. Area of improved land 20,403 #cres. Distances. Forty miles northwest from Concord, and twentyfive south of Haverhill Railroad. Northern (N. H.) railroad passes through the southern part of the town. " Canaan" and " West Canaan" are the staMail stage from West tions. �CANDIA — CANTERBURY. 88 Rumney, Tuesdays and Saturdays to Canaan Street and Factory Vil- stock in trade, $9,200 business, $10,000. lage, daily. David McCandia in 1743 or 174-1, and William Turner, John Sargent and others, came The County. Candia is hard of cultivabut through the energy and Rockingham came to soil of here in 1748. tion, called Charmintjrf'are industry of the inhabitants, they get a good return for their labor. The site of the town elevated and commands an extensive view of the rich scenery of the adjacent country for many miles around, including the White Scenery. is the Wachusetts, the lights on Plum Island, and the ocean. Two branches of the Rivers. Lamprey River take their rise in this town, and afford some water power, which is generally imhills, proved. Farming is the employment of the in- Employments. many excelfrom which much pro- habitants, there being lent farms, duce raised is market in the which finds a ready Manchester. manufacturing is carried on, there being nearly two hundred males and females employed in the various manufactories in town. Many are engaged in making men and women's boots and shoes, there being over 300,000 pairs manufactured annucity of Considerable ally, for which the workmen re- ceive for their labor, nearly $60,000. Five thousand cases of stock are brought from out of the State, all prepared to be made into shoes. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, valued at $117,413; annual value of mechanical labor, $60,200 ; professional First Settlements. Clure CANDIA. principal ; deposits in savings banks, $128,288; value of stocks, bonds, and money at interest, $7,500; It was ; formei'ly the first vis- being so well pleased with its site, as a place of residence. The town received its present name in itors compliment to Governor Benning Wentworth, who was once a prisoner on the island of Candia, in the Mediteranean Sea. First Miivisters. Rev. David Jewett settled in 1771 removed in 1780. Rev Joseph Prince, ordained in 1782; removed in 1789 Rev. Jesse Remington, ordained ; died in 1815. Boundaries. North by Deerfield, east by Raymond, south by in 1790 ; Auburn and Chester, and west by Area, 17,743 acres. Distances. Eighteen miles southeast from Concord, and about thirty miles west from Portsmouth. The Concord and Railroad. Portsmouth Railroad. Hooksett. CANTERBURY. Merrimack County. There are some very fine the Merrimack interval farms on river, but further back from the river the town is uneven, the more hilly parts afford- The soil is ing fine pasturage. generally good, and produces fine crops of corn, oats, potatoes, and hay. Much attention, for the past few years, has been given to agriand some of the best pracfarmers and producing farms in the State, are to be found in Canterbury. Hills. There is a high ridge of land extending along the line beculture, tical �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 84 tween which this town and affords a tine Northfield, view of the surrounding country. Ponds and Streams. There are several ponds in town, which give rise to small streams, furnishing some good mill sites. Shah rs. In the south-east part of Canterbury, is the neat and quiet, though busy, village of the Shakers, a sect of Christians known in this first Country about the year 1774, when the founder, Ann Lee, came to New York from Liverpool. The covcnantal relation of the was established in 1792, society from which covenant we extract the following article, showing briefly their religious Article Four. conscientiously obligations. We solemnly and devote dedicate, and give up ourselves and services, together with all our temporal interest, to God and his people, to be under the care and direction of such elders, deacons or trustees as have been, or may hereafter be established in the Church, according to the first article of this covenant. They subscribe to no sectarian creed, but believe that as many as are led by the spirit of God, will become the children of God. The foundation upon which they build their faith is Separation from the world. 2nd, Confession of sin. 1st, United inheritance. 4th, A virgin or pure life. Shaker Village is situated about twelve miles north-east from the city of Concord. It is built on a high elevation of land, and com3d, mands an extensive view of the surrounding country, being 440 feet higher than the ground at the State House in Concord. We learn from the State Geolog- by Dr. Charles T. Jackson, that the latitude of the village, by meridional altitude of the Sun, is north 43 deg. 21 min. ical report of 1841, 21 sec. In the society there are hundred and fifty central executive now one members. The vested in the order of ministry, consisting of two brethren and two sisters, while the direct spiritual charge of each family, however, is under the direction of an order of Elders, two of each sex. Besides the various dwellings, work-shops, barns, &c, they have two offices or dwellings for the reception of all company not of the order, who visit is them on business, or to see their friends. The meet- ing-house, belonging to the order, was its and built in 1792, still retains primitive form. Their school and directed as is as well furnished any in the town. They own some 2,500 acres of land, most of which is situated near the village. The soil, is largely composed of Granite, is very poor, and being abundantly and covered with ledges and bowlders, proves very hard for tillage. They have, however, by untiring industry and care, been able to bring a large tract of land under excellent cultivation, so that filled and harrows break their land, while the hay the best of plows of 300 tons or secured by the first class mowing machines, hay tedders, and horse rakes, that are found in the market. Their largest barn is 240 feet long, and 45 feet wide. They keep not far from one hundred head of cattle, a team of ten yoke of workcrop, consisting more, is �CANTERBURY. ing oxen, fourteen horses, one hundred and fifty sheep, three hundred hens, and four hogs. The Shakers, throughout the United States, by universal consent, abandoned the use of swine's fiesh, in its every form, as an article of diet, as early as 1845. The manufactures washing machines, adapted to hotels, laundries, &c, a mangier, consisting of a box and weighing some appurtenances, 1,500 pounds, for the ironing of Both of the above are clothes. operated by steam. Corbett's Syrup of Sarsaparilla, bearing an unquestionable reputation of forty years corn brooms and brushes, ; yarn, and knit goods, stocking pure oil of Wintergreen, maple syrup, and tubs, are also mads by them. They have several maple orchards, from wiiich they obtain some three or four thousand pounds of sugar. The assessed value real estate is of their thirty-one thousand and their State, County, town, and school tax, for 1672, dollars; was SI, 103.58. Eight artificial ponds or reservoirs arranged in one continuous line, the first being placed some three miles north of the village, cnnipose the water power. The mil!.-, situated on these ponds, are lor carding and spinning wool, weaving and coloring and dressing cloth, grinding of grain for flour and meal, sawing of timber and wood, for the manufacture of tubs, pails, broom handles, and for the turning of wood and iron, &c, &c. The water which supplies the village, is from mechanS G,000 money at inter- of the" soil, $ 172,403 ical labor, est, ; ; S 9,450; deposits in savings S 50,418; from summer banks, tourists, §5,000. Churches and Schools. There are Congrrgachurches viz. tional, James Doldt, Pastor Free Will Baptist, Jeremiah Clough, Pastor; and the Shaker Church. There are eleven schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, twenty weeks. First Settlers. This town was granted to Richard Waldron and others in 1727. Like many of our three ; consist of a series of flannel 85 brought in an aqueduct, a distance of nearly a mile. Resources. Annual productions early settlements, the inhabitants were exposed Indians. to the inroads of the A great number of horrid murders were committed. number of years, the For a pioneer cleared and tilled his land, under the protection of a guard, while pursuing his daily toil, uncertain whether the seed he sowed, might not be dampened by his blood, or that of an enemy. In 1738, two men, by the names of Blanehard and Shepherd, were ambushed, but through determined resistance, Shepherd succeeded in making his escape, but Blanehard was killed. First Ministers. Rev. Abiel Foster, ordained in 1761, dismissed in 1770. Mr. Foster, in a great degr« possessed the confidence of the people. He held several responsible offices in town, and in 1783 was elected to Congress. He was successively returned to Congress for nearly all the time, until 1804. He died in 1806. Rev. Frederick Parker ordained in 1791, died in 1802. Boundaries. North-east by Bel- mont and Gilmanton, east by Gilmanton and Loudon, south by Loudon and Concord, west by Merrimack river, which separates �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 86 it from Boscawen, and north by Area, 26,345 acres. Eight miles north Distances. from Concord. Railroad, Boston, Concord and Montreal. Northfield. This town lies at the north-western base of the White Mountains. Its surface presents a rugged and mountainous appearance, and the scenery is wild and romantic. The soil in some parts is strong, deep and productive; but the larger portion of still remains a dense formaple, pine, hemlock and spruce. Large tracts of this timber land are owned by Messrs. A. L. & the town est of G. Brown & Co., engaged in lumber business, at Whiteheld. Mountains and Rivers. Pondicherry Mountain is situated in the north part, between this town and Jefferson, and is of considerable W. the elevation. John's and Israel's rivers, have their rise, in part, in this town and the head waters of the Ammonoosuc from the neighboring mountains, unite and also pass through here. Summer Resorts. The wild, pic- turesque, and romantic scenery, which surrounds this town on every side, has caused it to become a popular resort for tourists. A branch of the Montreal railroad, called the "Wing road" starts from Bethlehem and now (1873) extends six miles to the Twin Mountain, which is eleven miles from the base of Mount Washington. This road will be extended towards Mount Washington next year. For the accommodation of travellers, there large hotels, viz., now three Twin Mountain are erected upon the ashes of the old Fabyan House, and was opened for travellers the present season (1873). is large and commodious, and no doubt will meet with success. These three houses will accommodate over seven hundred guests nt one time. The people are largely engaged in hotel and lumber busi- It CARROLL,. Coos County. House, White Mountain House, and Fabyan. This house has been ness, although in proportion to the number of inhabitants, farming is not neglected, compared with the towns in the county. Lumber to the value of $ 42,400 is annually sawed and 100 tons starch, valued at $8,200 is made. Resources. Productions of the ; $ 35,997 mechanical labor, § 13,500 deposits in savings banks, $ 80 from summer tourists, $ 50, 000; stock in trade, $ 12,357. Baptist, Churches and Sclwols. Royal Berry, pastor. There are four schools in town, average length for the year, twenty-one weeks. soil, ; ; ; First Settlements. originally named Carroll was ''Britton Woods" and was granted to Sir Thomas Wentworth, Rev. Samuel Langdon and eighty-one others in 1772. It was incorporated, under its present name, June 22, 1832. Boundaries. North by Jefferson, east by the White Mountain territory, south by ungranted land and west by Bethlehem and White- Area 24,040 acres; area of improved land, 2,915 acres. About one hundred Distances. and twenty miles north from Concord, and eighteen south-east from field. Lancaster. Railroads. Wing Railroad, a branch of the Montreal, extends Also Brown's into this town. lumber railroad, from Whitefield. �CENTER HARBOR. CENTER HARBOR. 87 railroad to Concord Belknap County. The surface ; thence over the Boston, Concord and Montreal of Center Harbor railroad the soil Lake "Winnipiseogee. From thence is is uneven, but very good, mostly a rich The town is located between Winnipiseogee and Squam loam. The lakes. little village " Center Harbor," called located is in two towns, viz., Moultonborough, and Center Harbor. The village is delightfully situated on the bank of the Winnipiseogee, and is surrounded by some of the finest scenery in this country. Red hill, in Moultonborough, and is near this easy of access from the Hotels, where horses and carriages are in constant readiness for village, the is accommodation of who all persons are desirous of visiting Red Hill or the surrounding country. Steamboats, through the warm weather, constantly ply between this town and Weir's Landing, near the Montreal Railroad, Meredith, Alton Bay, YVolfeborough, Dimond's Island, and other places of interest around the lake. For delightful scenery and varied recreations. Centre Harbor and its surroundings are not to be excelled by any of the summer summer boarders warm weather hundred. resort, in The estimated number the State. Thousands who spend here, is six call at the various hotels for a dinner, a day, or a week, who are not included in this number. Travelers, from New York, will secure a direct route to this place, by taking the Norwich line of steamers on Long Island Sound at 5 o'clock P. M. thence over the ; Norwich and Worcester railroad Worcester; thence over the Worcester and Nashua railroad to Nashua thence over the Concord to ; to Weir's Landing, on a delightful steamboat ride on the lake, of ten miles, brings you to the Senter, Moulton, and Lake Houses, and to your journey's end. Employments. The inhabitants are generally employed in farming and keeping summer boarders. 150,000 feet of lumber is annually sawed, and 15,000 pairs of sale shoes are made. Productions of the §52,325; mechanical labor, §6,100; stocks and money at interest, $ 3,730 deposits in savings banks, §4,627; estimated amount Resources. soil, ; from summer tourists, §50,000; stock in trade, § 3,150. Churches and Schools. churches, Congregational Two and Freewill Baptist. There are eight schools in town; average length for the year, sixteen weeks. Library. Y. M. C. A. Library. Hotels. Senter House, Moulton House and Lake House. First Settlers. The first settlers were Ebenezer Chamberlain and Colonel Joseph Senter, who came from Manchester (then Londonderry) via. the Merrimack river in 1765. They constructed a boat of such light material as to be easily transported around the Falls. In this boat the families embarked with their provisions, and household goods, and passed up the river about sixty miles and arrived at their log cabin on the shore of the lake, in about the same time it now takes a steamer to cross the Atlantic. The town derived its name from Colonel Senter, but the spelling was changed, probably for its central location on the lake. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 88 Minister. First Rev. with the Connecticut about two miles from the north line, between David Smith, Congregationalism settled here aa pastor, in 1819. North-east by Boundaries. Moultonborough, south east by by New Meredith, south-west Hampton, and north-west by Holderness and Squam lake. Area, 7,5.30 acres; improved land, town and Claremont. There are two villages The north village is in this town. called North Charlestown, and this Villages. many ly situated The main lages in the State. and four from Meredith village on Boston, Concord and Montreal railroad. is center, quite broad, and street beautifully shaded with rows of stately elms on each side, for nearly a mile. Many of the dwellings are elegant and of modern architecture, while others have more of an antique appearance but all have an exterior impress which shows that wealth, luxury and prosperity dwell within. There are several CHARGES FOW \. CharlesSullivan County. town has a river line on the Con- ; is considered one of the best farming towns in the state, there being but two towns which grow as many bushels of corn, oats and barley. The soil of the upland is good, and many of the farms are under a fine residences. Charlestown village is pleasanton a plain, about half a mile from Connecticut river, and is one of the most delightful vil- One hundred and twelve miles north-west from Boston, forty miles north from Concord and thirteen from Gilford, Two miles from Railroads. necticut of thirteen miles, and mechanical shops and eral small 4,422 acres. Distances. church, school-house, contains a store, post-office, steam-mill, sev- stores in the village, three hotels, j ; | three church edifices, two large shoe manufactories with various other shops, offices, &c. A fine j high state of cultivation. West of the road leading to Walpole, theiv are not less than fifteen hundred acres of fine interval land, of a deep, rich and loamy soil, suitably adapted to the growth of nearly all kinds of grass and Town House was built in the sea- an expense of nearly $20,000. The Connecticut River National, and Connecticut River son of 1872, at Savings Banks are located in this village. Employments. The employments grain. of In Connecticut river are three islands which are within the limits of this town. Sartwell's island (the largest,) containing ten acres, is under a high cultivation. The others contain about six acres are nearly equally divided between each. of heavy boots and shoes, 6,450 pairs of brogans. 42,422 pairs of la- Islands. Rivers. The town watered by Connecticut and Little Sugar rivers. The latter waters the north part of Charlestown, and unites is the inhabitants, agriculture, at present, manufacturing and trade; 4000 pounds of tobacco are annually produced, also 2,566 lbs. One large shoe manufactory annually manufactures 32,844 pairs hops. dies' fine, sewed shoes, pairs ladies' slippers valued at $229,878. ; and 6,000 the whole One other shoe �CHARLESTOWN. firm annually manufacture boots and shoes to the value of $66,600. annually sawed, 1,280,000 One cab manufactory (recently burned,) annually manufactured children's cabs to the value of .$18,000; 9.500 bushels of grain is ground, and, besides, there are various other small The total value manufactories. of goods annually manufactured, of all kinds, is estimated at $ 357, There is feet lumber. 375. (See tables.) Productions of the 89 Eagle Hotel, Cheshire Hotels. Bridge House, and Connecticut River House. First Settlers. Charlestown was granted by Massachusetts to sixty-three persons under the name of " Number Four," December 31, 1735. Several families by the names of Parker, Farnsworth and Sartwell, from Groton, Hastings from Luningburg, Massachusetts, and Stevens from Rutland were the first settlers. The first child $195,157; deposits in sav- born in Charlestown was Elizabeth, the daughter of Isaac Parker. She was born in 1744, and died in 1806. For many years af- ings banks, $121,604 stock in trade, ter the first settlement the inhabi- from summer tourists, Many tourists spend their tants suffered severely by Indian Resources. soil, $152,188; mechanical labor, and money at in- $143,600; stocks terest, ; $86,675; $ 10,000. summer vacation in this pleasant town, and it is quite a source of revenue to the inhabitants. Professional business, $20,000. Churches and Schools. Episcopal, Rev. Francis Chase, Rector; numchurch ber of communicants, 45 valuation, $6,000. Unitarian, Rev. Eugene DeNorrnandie, pastor number of members, 65 church ; ; value, $6,500. Congregationalist, Rev. H. H. Saunderson, pastor; number of members, 24; church value, $4,500. Methodist, Rev. A. L. Kendall, pastor; number of members, 70 church value, $2,500. There are fifteen schools in town, four of which are graded. Aver; age length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks. Total amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $2,436. Banks. Connecticut River NaBank, and Connecticut River Savings Bank. Libraries. Charlestown Social George Library, 1500 volumes. tional Olcott, Esq., private library, 1200. incursions. In the spring of 1746, and Stephen Farnsworth were taken prisoners and carried to Canada. In May following Seth Putnam was surprised and killed; a few days after, Captain Paine, with a John Spafford, Isaac Parker party of men, was attacked, when Captain Phineas Stevens came to his assistance and a sharp skir- mish ensued. Five men were killed on each side and one white man taken prisoner. A short time after the Indians made another assault on Captains Stevens and Brown, when they were defeated, losing several men, and leaving their hatchets, spears, guns and blankets on the ground. Captain Stevens lost but one man. In August a man by the name of Phillips was killed and several houses and barns were burned. In November, 1746, owing to the continuous attacks of the Indians, the town deserted, excepting six men was who were fort. left in charge of the We append a few lines of the most important events with the In- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 90 dians, emy men who Capt. Stevens in possession of the fort. Capt. Stevens, for his gallantly on this occasion, was pre- and sketches of some of the participated in them. Captain Phineas Stevens was one The town, in was protected by his intrepidity. He was a native of Sudbury, Mass., from whence his father removed to Rutland. At the age of sixteen, while his father was making hay, he, with three little brothers, followed him to the meadows. They were ambushed by the Indians, who killed two of his brothers, took him prisoner, and were preparing to kill his youngest of the its first settlers. infancy, brother, a child four years old. He, by signs to the Indians, made them understand if they would spare him he would carry him on his back and he carried him to Canada. They were redeemed and both returned. He received several commissions from Governor Shirley, and rendered im- — portant services in protecting the frontiers. In 1747, when Charles- town was abandoned by the inhabitants he was ordered to occupy the fort with thirty men. On the 4th of April, he was attacked by 400 French and Indians, under Mons. Dcbeline. The assault lasted three days. Indian stratagem with fire applied to everything combustible abgut the fort, had not the desired effect. The heroic band were not appalled. and French skill, They refused to commanders took Frenchman showed At between the capitulate. length, an interview place. The his forces, and described the horrible massacre that must ensue unless the fort surrendered. " My men are not afraid to die," was the answer made by Capt. Stevens. The attack contined with increased fury until the end of the third day, when the en- returned to Canada and left sented by Sir Charles Knowles with an elegant sword and from this circumstance, the township, ; when it was incorporated in 1753, took the name of Charlestown. In 1754 the French war began, and the inhabitants were once more obliged to resort to the fort for safety. From infancy the settlers had been trained to scenes of hard- ship and danger unknown to their descendants. When they attended public worship, or cultivated their lands, they proceeded forth from the fort armed for battle, and wor- shipped or toiled under the protection of a sentinel. In their depredatory excursions, the Indians preferred prisoners to scalps, and generally killed but few excepting those who were likely to escape, or appeared too formidable to be encountered with success. On the 29th of August, 1754, the Indians, early in the morning, attacked the house of James Johnson, who, with his wife, her sister, three children and two men, Peter Larabee and Ebenezer Farnsworth, were taken prisoners. On the second clay of the journey, about fifteen miles from Charlestown, in the wilderness, Mrs. Johnson was delivered of a child, who, from the peculiar circumstances attending The its birth, was named Captive. Indians halted one day on account of the woman, and on the next day took up their march, carrying litter made for that purpose. During the march, being distressed for the want of provisions, they killed the only horse they had. and the infant was nour- her on a �CHATHAM. 91 ished by sucking pieces of its flesh. When they arrived at Montreal, Johnson obtained a parole to return and solicit funds for the re- ren were taken prisoners. After they hadproceeded on their journey demption of his family and himself. He applied to the assembly of New-Hampshire, and at length secured £150 sterling; but the season was so far advanced that he uneasiness, a few miles, the Indians, finding that the infant child gave signs of and fearing that it might impede their progress, took it aside and beat out its brains. did not return to Canada until He was then spring opened. it is believed, was among the depredations committed by the Indians in New England. The prisoners taken from Charlestown charged with having broken his were parole, a great part of his money taken from him by violence and he was shut up with his family in a prison, where they took the smallpox but fortunately they all survived. After eighteen months, Mrs. Johnson, with her sister and two ; ; daughters, were sent in a cartel ship to England, and thence re- turned to Boston. Johnson was still retained in prison for three years, and then, with his son, returned and found His eldest in Boston. daughter was retained in a nunnery in Canada. The daughter born on the journey, as related, afterwards married Colonel George Kimball. In 1756, Lieutenant Moses Willard, the father of Mrs. Johnson, was killed. He was at work in sight of the fort with his son Moses. The Indians, having dispatched his father, pursued the son, and wounded him with a spear. his wife He however made his escape, dragging the spear with him to the fort. In 1757 the Indians again burned the mills which had been rebuilt, and took Sampson Colfax, David Farnsworth and Thomas Adams prisoners. In 1758 Ashael Stebbins was killed; and This, last way conveyed Canada, by to Nearly all were sooner or later redeemed by government or by their friends. Charlestown originally included to the French. part of Langdon, and porated July First 2, was incor- 1753. Ministers. Rev. John Dennis, who, on account of the Indian war, was ordained in Northfield, December 4, 1754; dismissed Rev. Burkley Olcott, orin 1756. dained May 28, 1761; died June Rev. Daniel Foster acted 26, 1792. as pastor from 1796 to 1809. Rev. Jaaraniah Crosby ordained October 17, 1810. Boundaries North by Claremont, east by Unity, Acworth and . Langdon, south by Langdon and Walpole, -and west by Springfield and Rockingham, Vermont. Area, 21,400 acres; area of improved land, 15,654 acres. Fifty - one miles Distances. west from Concord, and twenty miles south-west by railroad from Newport. Sullivan Railroad Bail roads. passes through the western border of this town. CHATHAM. his wife, Is- aac Parker and a soldier were captured. In September, 1760, Joseph Willard, his wife and child- all of Lake Champlain, and sold Cakroll County. The surface town is broken and mountainous and three-fourths of the of this �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 92 area is covered by a heavy growth of timber, consisting of the various kinds of hard wood, hemlock, Much of spruce, and some pine. the soft wood is being cut and floated down the Saco River, while the heavy growth of hard wood, at some day not far distant, will yield a rich reward to some of the enterprising men of the State, who always look at the main chance. The soil on the streams and upland Apples is strong and productive. are successfully grown in this town, and several other kinds of There are some very fine fruit. farms under a high state of cultivation. Mountains. rises so high Carter's between Mountain town this prevent the opening of a highway, and the people of the respective towns, in and Jackson as to their intercourse, are obliged to pass through a portion of Maine. Kiarsarge, in the south-west corner of the town, has an altitude of Upon the summit of 3,400 feet. this mountain is a commodious house for the accommodation of The views from this mountain are grand and very exvisitors. In the north- west corner is Baldface Mountain, 3,600 feet high. Teams can be driven nearly to its summit. From the crest of this mountain the Tip-Top House on Mount Washington can be tensive. seen, also the ocean. Ponds and Streams. There are several ponds in town, the princiis Mountain Pond, with an area of about one hundred acres, high among the mountains, entirely surrounded by the primeval forest. Trout have been taken from this pond weighing six pounds. pal of which There are several considerable streams, well stored with trout, and affording abundant water power. Employment. Agriculture and lumbering are the principal occupations of the inhabitants. There is a clothes-pin manufactory which has just commenced business on an extensive scale. Agricultural proResources. ductions, 865,661; est, §1,300; money at inter- mechanical labor, $3,200. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational, Rev. E. B. Pike, pastor; Methodist, Eliphalet Weeks, minThere are six schools in ister. town. Average length of schools for the year, fourteen First Settlers. granted to weeks. Chatham was Peter Livins and February 7, 1767. North by White Boundaries. Mountains, east by Maine, south by Conway, and west by Bartlett and Jackson. Area, 26,000 acres improved land, 3,848 acres. Ninety-two miles Distances. north-east from Concord, and forty north from Ossipee. others, Railroads. Twelve miles by daily mail to Fryeburg, in Maine, on the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad. CHESTER. Rockingham County. Chester formerly included the present town Auburn which was set off in The soil of the larger portion of this town is excellent, and some of the large ridges are surof 1845. fertility by but few in the There are also some very There are valuable meadows. many fine farms under high culti- passed in State. vation. �CHESTER. There are several Streams. email streams, the largest of which is a branch of Exeter River, called the Branch. Minerals. Plumbago, in considabundance and 93 Charles Tenney, pastor; MethoRev. James Adams, pastor. There are ten school districts, and eleven schools. Average length of schools for the year, seven dist, of good found here. Sulphur is also found in small quantities. The prevailing rock is granite and weeks. gneiss. twenty-five cents quarterly. erable quality, is Employments. Agriculture is employment of the for a few years past, a the principal people ; but, few have been extensively engaged in the lumbering business. There have been annually sawed 1,300,000 feet, valued at $20,300. Shoe business is an important branch of industry; J. Underbill manufactures about 24,000 pairs valued at annually, 830,000. About 30,000 pairs of shoe stock are brought from out of the State to be made into shoes, valued at $37,000. Hi sources. ricultural Annual value of ag- productions, $76,604; value of mechanical labor, $25, 300; stocks, bonds, and money at . interest, $17,500; deposits in sav- ings banks, trade, $2,800; ists, $47,309; stock in from summer tour- access The pleasant town which stands Resorts. village in this on a long street, with beaudwelling houses on either side, surrounded with spacious, shaded grounds, has solicited the attention of the lovers of NewHampshire summer scenery for a number of years, and it has now become quite a resort for summer chiefly tiful tourists. There Churches and Schools. are three churches in the town. Baptist, Joseph Stores, pastor; Congregational, 200 members, volumes. People can have the library by paying to First Settlements. Chester is considered one of the old towns of the State. In 1719, about eighty persons, chiefly from Portsmouth and Hampton, formed an association, for the purpose of securing a tract of land in the " Chesnut Country," (so called) and stationed three men upon this tract, to hold possession until they should procure a lawful title. After considerable difficulty they obtained a grant of land, ten miles square. Immediately the settlement was commenced by several persons from Rye and Hampton, among whom were Samuel Ingalls, Jonathan Goodhue, Jacob Sargent, Ebenezer Dearborn, Robert Smith, E. Colby and S. Robie, who contributed largely to the permanent success of the enterprise. of May, On the township which had hitherto been called Cheshire, was incorporated under its present name, and comprising an area of over one hundred and twenty square miles. If Chester had retained her original area, she would have had at the present time a population of nearly 6,500. In 8th $3,000. Summer Library. Ladies Library Association, 400 1722 the 1750, the south-west portion of the town, with a part of Londonderry, was set off, and forms the present township of Derry. In 1763, town called Charmwas incorporated by the that part of the ingfare, name of Candia. In 1765, anothei �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 94 was cut off, and incorporated under the name of Raymond. In 1822, a portion of Hooksett was taken from Chester. In 1845, that portion portion of the town known as Long Meadows, was incorporated under Several the name of Auburn. garrison houses were kept in town until 1749, to guard against Indian depredations. In June, 1724, they took Thomas Smith and John Carr made their prisoners, but they soon escape, and arrived safe at a garrison in Londonderry, in three days after they were captured. First Hale 1730, Ministers. Rev. (Presbyterian,) removed Moses settled in 1734; Rev. in John Wilson, settled in 1734, died in 1779. In 1740, a Congregational church was incorporated, and the Rev. Ebenezer Flagg was the first minister; he died in 1796. Rev. Nathan Bradstreet, was his successor, and so continued until 1818. Boundaries. North by Candia and Raymond, east by Fremont, south by Sandown and Derry, and west by Auburn. Distances. Seventeen miles west from Exeter, and twentythree south-east from Concord. Railroads. Six miles to Derry station on Manchester and Law- rence Railroad, six miles to Hampstead on Nashua and Rochester R. R. CHESTERFIELD. Cheshire County. The western border of this town is washed by the Connecticut river for a distance of six miles. Nearly the whole space, the hills rise abruptly from the river-side, affording but very interval land. But it is considered one of the best farming towns in the county, the uplands little being well adapted to grazing, and the production of corn, oats, It has the barley and potatoes. reputation of producing more fruit than any town in the county. Ponds and Streams. Spafford's Lake is a beautiful sheet of water situated in the north part of the Its waters are remarkably and pure, its bed being a white sand. There is a fjeautiful island in the lake, of an area of town. clear six acres, retreat. affording On its a delightful east side issues a stream, called Patridge's Brook, sufficiently large for a number of manufactories. Cat's Bane Brook many good mill sites. Mountain. West River Mountain (Wantastiquel) lies partly in this town and partly in Hinsdale. It is supposed to have been once sub- furnishes ject to a volcanic eruption. Lava can be found near the (supposed) crater. A trembling motion is often felt, and a deep rumbling is heard in the mountain, by those living near its base. The first settlers, believing the crater bed to be a silver mine, made an excavation of nearly one hundred feet, principally through a solid rock. Villages. Chesterfield has three villages very plasantly situated in different sections of the town. At the center there is an academy, Avhich was opened in 1794. Factory village is a busy place. There is one store, one hotel, one tannery, two saw mills and one large bit and auger manufactory. Employments. The larger portion of the people are engaged in farming; but there is considerable manufacturing done in the town. The capital invested in manufactories, is over $40,000, in considerable now quantities, �CHICHESTER. principally and bits, augers acres; improved land, 19,450 acres. leather, 5,500 Distances. Sixty-two miles south-west from Concord, and eleven south-west from Keene. Railroad. It is eleven miles to Keene station on the Cheshire consisting $50,000; in lumber, 910,000 feet wheel heads, 20,000 annually manufactured, and all valued at $85,000. Annual value of Resources. productions of the soil, $145,200; mechanical labor, $ 30,200 money at interest, $20,000; deposits in savings banks, $43,413; stock in trade, $14,000; professional business, $ 10,000 summer tourists, sides 95 ; ; railroad. CHICHESTER. ; Merrimack County. two other churches with no permanent pastor. There are fifteen Chichesa good farming town, the soil, in most parts, being rich, abundantly repays the cultivator for his labor. The surplus products of the farmer find a ready market in Concord, Pittsfield and Suncook. Many farmers in this town have become quite wealthy by schools in town, average length their industry. ; 2,000. Churches and Schools. Rev. Noble Fisk, dist, Methopastor; And Congregationalist, no pastor. for the year, nineteen Hotels. House at Facand Lake House at the center. Chesterfield First Settlers. was granted to twelve persons by the name of Willard and fifty-two oth- and originally called "Number One." The first settlers were Moses Smith and William Thomas, who, with their families, came up the Connecticut ers Februai-y 11, 1752 in canoes, in the fall of 1761. Their chief subsistence through the winter and spring of their first is The east part town is watered by Suncook River, which furnishes some good mill sites, and flows through some Pinkfield Pond is in fine interval. Chichester from which flows a River and Pond. weeks. Spafibrd tory village, ter year in the wilderness, consisted of salmon of the small stream south-west into the Suncook. Bear In the north part Hill. town of the is the highest eleva- under a high state of cultivation and very productive. Indians. On the banks of the Suncook were the plantations of the Penacooks, a powerful tribe of Indians, who once resided in this tion. It is and shad of which there was a great abundance in the river, and deer, which were numerous in the vicinity. forests. principally engaged in Agriculture. First Minister. Wood, Rev. Abraham Congregationalist, ordained axes &c, of Chisels, stone, are frequently discovered. Employments. The people The manufactured goods of 2,500 clapboards ; are consist 550,000 shin- in 1772, died in 1823. gles ; 270,000 feet of boards 25,000 North by Westmoreland and Keene, east by Keene and Swanzey, south by Winchester and Hinsdale, and west by Brattleborough and Dummerston Vermont. Area, 29,439 pairs women's boots and shoes; Boundaries. (See tables). Productions of the soil annually valued at $85,000; from mechanical labor, $ 10,700 carriages &c. Resources. stocks, bonds and money at interest. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 96 $ $ 17,500 ; deposits in savings banks, stock in trade, $ 4,500. Churches and Schools. There are three churches; Advent, no pas60,055 ; Cpngregationaiast, Rev. Mark Gould, pastor; Methodist, Elder Samuel Beede, pastor. There are six school districts and six schools average length for the year, nine weeks. Langinade High School tor ; fund, $ 5,000. Nathaniel Goo- First Settlers. kin and others obtained a grant of town in 1727. The first settlement was commenced by Paul this Morrill, in 1753. Rev. Josiah First Ministers. Carpenter, ordained in 1791, dismissed in 1827. North-east by Boundaries. south-east by Epsom, Pittsfield, south-west by Pembroke, and north- west by Loudon and Concord, Area 11,978 acres. Eight miles Distances. east from Concord. Railroads. Epsom Suncook Valley at Pine Ground vil- station, any, towns in the State which possess so many natural advantages and striking beauties as Claremont. Some of these are her location in Connecticut River Valley her fertile meadows and uplands; high hills, cultivated or grazed to their very tops rapid and useful rivers and brooks large and productive farms on which are neat, substantial and capacious buildings and good fences, surely indicating that they are the abodes of taste, intelligence and thrift. There is an air of plenty, comfort and prosperity throughout the town found in but very few places, even in New Eng; ; ; The land. large village is filled with extensive manufacturing establishments, workshops, stores, and public and private buildings, unmistakable evidences of industry, enterprise and wealth. The internal and surrounding hills and mountains are a continual source of pride and pleasure to her citizens and of admiration to visitors. The citizen directs the attention of strangers to Green Mountain in the lage. (XAREMONT. Sullivan County. This is the and most nourishing town in the western pai't of the State. except Keene. For many years, up to about 1860, Claremont and Keene were nearly equal in population and valuation, but, in conse- largest quence, probably, of her superior Keene has now left Claremontbehind in both these railroad facilities, Claremont retains her superiority as a farming town. It is bounded north by Cornish, east by Newport, south by Unity and Charlestown, and west by Weathersfield, Vermqnt. There are but few, if there are particulars, while east. Flat Rock and Bible Hill in the south, and Barbouis Mountain and Trisback Hill part of the town ; in and to the west Ascutney Mountain at the north-west, in full view from the village and from a large section of surrounding coun- which towers up in conical form 3116 feet above Connecticut River, covered to its top with fresh, living green in summer, all the try, rich, warm tints of the season in autumn, and a thick mantle of snow, white, cold, majestic, in winter, as one of the most picturesque and grand of the mountains of Vermont, and claims a kind of inheritance in its wonderful and ever changing beauty. �CLAREMONT. The drives in and around Claremont, over good and well worked roads, in almost every direction, are varied, attractive and pleasant. The people have been too much occupied with other pursuits to give attention to the building of hotels to "take in" strangers with which summer boarders, yet there are ample accommodations for ordinary travel. City visitors in considas numbers are entertained by private families, and many are erable hospitably received by their friends during the hot season. Few towns are more generally healthy than Claremont. Epidemics and prevailing sicknesses of any kind are unknown here, 'which is accounted for by rapid streams, exemption from fogs and the causes of them, pure water, and the generally comfortable condition and regular habits of entire the people. Claremont village is situated about three miles due east from Connecticut river, occupies a large and varid area and through it runs Sugar River. The fall of the river in the fifty feet town ; is two hundred and in the village hundred and fifty feet in it falls a a distance of about half a mile. Each footof fall is capable of turning one thou- sand spindles. ings are all The private dAvellcomfortable, well painted and well kept, while many of them are large, elegant, and surrounded by handsome yards, and flower, fruit and vegetable gardens. This village furnishes an abundant market for all the wood and agricultural productions of this and the surrounding towns, and is quite a center of trade for the western part of the county, and adjacent towns in Vermont. One 97 of the great advantages of Claremont over other towns is its water-power, derived, mainly, from Sugar River. This river is the outletof Sunapee Lake, which is nine and a half miles long and from a half mile to two and a superior wide, and lies eight hundred and twenty feet above Connecticut River. By an act of half miles the New-Hampshire Legislature, authorizing the Sunapee Dam Coi-poration, composed of mill owners along Sugar River, this lake can be feet, as may be required in any time of drouth though this has never yet been found necessary which insures an abundant supply of water during drawn down ten — seasons of the year. Sugar River is about twenty miles long from the Lake to Connecticut Rivall which it empties. It is what is called the South Branch, which has its sources in er, into fed by Lempster, Unity and Goshen, the North Branch, coming from Springfield, Grantham and Croydon, both of which it of Newport, receives in the town and other smaller streams along its course. Employments. The inhabitants of this town are engaged in agriculture, manfacturing, the various mechanic arts, different branches of trade, and the professions. The leading business, after agriculture, is the manufacture of cotton goods. Some of the larger establishments are noticed in detail. Monadnock Mills. Manufacture cotton cloths from one to three yards wide, Marseilles quilts, union Capital, and lumber. flannels, $200,000. Employ 125 males and Pay annually for la- 225 females. bor, $115,000. Produce 2,908,911 12,000 Mar- square yards sheeting ; �NEW-IJAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 98 seilles quilts ; Charles H. Eastman. 262,000 yards flannel. Total value, $ 435,000. Home Mill. A. Briggs Capital, $20,000. & Leather Employs 4 males. Co., Pays, annually, for labor, $1,300. Capital, $60,000. Cotton cloth. Employ 8 males and 20 females. Pay annually for labor, $10,000. Produce 500,000 yards sheeting, valued at $ 40,000. Sullivan Machine Co. Manufac- Produces 100,000 lbs. leather, valued at $ 30,000. Sugar River Mill Co. Manufacture flour, feed, and do custom grinding. Capital, $30,000. Era- ture Steam Dimond Drill Ma- chinery for quarrying rock, turbine water wheels, cloth measuring machines, and do general machine and mill work. Capital, $200,000. Employ 56 males. labor, $ $ 30,000. Pay annually for Products valued at 125,000. Sugar River Paper Mill (Jo. Manufacture printing paper. Capital stock, $ 100,000. and 20 females. labor, $24,000. Employ 30 males Pay annually for Produce 600 tons paper, valued at $225,000. Claremont Manufacturing Co. Manufacture paper and books, and do stereotyping and book and job printing. Capital, $ 100,000. Employ 34 males and 34 females. Pay, annually, for labor, $ 40,000. Products valued at $102,600. Ritssell Jarvis. Manufactures hanging paper. Capital, $25,000. Employs 7 males and 2 females. Pays, annually, for labor, $3,000. Produces 330,000 lbs. paper, valued $ 29,700. John S. Farrington. Manufactures straw wrapping paper. Capital $ 7,500. Employs 5 males and 1 female. Pays annually for labor $ 1,400. Produces 120 tons paper, valued at $ 7,500. Sullivan Mills. Geo. L. Balcom. Manufactures black doeskins. Capital, $40,000. Employs 20 males and 18 females. Pays, annually, for labor, $17,000. Produces 65,000 yards doeskins, valued at $75,000. at Pay, annually, for Grind 42,600 bush* els of grain, valued at $ 52,000. ploy 8 males. labor, $3,120. Saw Mills. Three saw mills, employ, a part of the males. Pay, annually, for Gapital, $8,000, year, 10 labor, $ 3,300. Saw 950,000 feet of lumber, valued at $ 13,000. Blood & Woodcock. Monuments and grave stones. Capital, $ 3,000. Employ 8 males. Pay annually foi labor, $ 3,500. Products valued at $ 10,000. Houghton, Bucknam & Co. Sash, doors and blinds. Capital, $8,000 Employ 8 males. Pay annually foi labor, $4,500. There are several boot and shoe establishments in town, employing about fifty hands, in addition to which are carriage, blacksmith, paint and tailors shops, printing 1 offices, &o. The United States census for 1870, gives thirty-three manufactories of all kinds, employing 371 males and 375 females, who annually receive for their labor, $244,100. Banks. Claremont National, cap$150,000; Sullivan Savings Institution, deposits over $ 700,000. National Eagle, Newspapers. Northern Advocate, and The Comital, pendium. Hotels. Tremont House, Sullivan House, and Junction House. Churches. Trinity Church, Episcopal, Rev. I. G. Hubbard, D. D., rector 215 communicants. Property valued at $12,500, Union ; �CLAREMONT. Church, Episcopal, West Claremont, Rev. W. B. T. Smith, rector, 33 communicants. Congregational, Rev. Levi Rodgers, pastor, 246 members. Property valued at §20, 000. Baptist, Rev. C. A. Piddock, pastor, 202 members. Property valued at §20,000. Methodist, Rev. N. N. Bailey, pastor, 239 members. Property valued at §13,000. Universalist, vacancy in pastorate, 45 members. Property valued at St. Mary's, Roman CathCornelius O'Sullivan, priest, 130 families, about 800 souls. Property valued at §15,000. Total number of churches, 7; number of members, 980; value of church property, including parsonages, where there are any, §90,500. Schools. The town is divided into nineteen school districts, with twenty-five schools. Three of the 99 has been about ninety-five scholars. Libraries. The following are the public and private libraries in town, containing 400 volumes or upwards. Fiske Free Library, 2000 vols. This was a donation to the town by Samuel native citizen, to it life, intends to add from time to time, during his and he and his wife have made provision in their wills for a lib- $10,000. eral fund for its olic, their death. have districts graded Whole number of average schools. scholars, 1216 attendance, 942; whole of school money, §5,595.88. amount Value of school-houses and lots, $38,000. Stevens High School. Col. Paran Stevens, a native of Claremont, donated to the town about §65,000 for the purpose of establishing and endowing It went inautumn of 1868. All scholars in town who have arrived at thirteen years of age, and this school. to operation in the pass the required examination, are admitted to the school, free. The town, in addition to its other school money, has appropriated for the support of this school from two to three thousand dollars a year, the balance of the expense being paid from the Stevens fund. The school building, the land on which it stands, 225.6*f and the furniture, cost §27, The average attendance P. Fiske, Esq., a who enlargement after The use of the books is free to all citizens of the town. Claremont Book Club, 500 volumes, owned by about forty-five citizens. Private libraries Otis F. R. Waite, 1550 vols. Bela Chapin, 1000; Drs. : ; N. & C. W. Tolles, medical and miscellaneous, 1000; Ira Colby, Jr., law and miscellaneous, 700; Rev. I. G. Hubbard, 800; W. H. H. Allen, law and miscellaneous, 700 Hon. H. W. Parker, law and mis- cellaneous, 600; J. S. Walker, 550; D. Baker, 1000; Rev. Levi Rodgers, 400 A. J. Swain, 450 Dr. S. G. Jarvis, 500. Railroads. Sullivan Railroad connects with the Vermont Central at Windsor, and with Cheshire, Vermont Valley and Rutland and Burlington at Bellows Falls, Vt. E. ; ; the Concord and Claremont RailConcord to Boston. The road, via Windsor and Forest Line Railroad, from Windsor, Vt., to Greenfield. X. II., to connect there with the Wilton, has been chartered, a company organized and the route surveyed. The Claremont and White River Junction Railroad has been chartered, a company organized, and a preliminary survey made. One hundred miles Distances north-west from Boston, and fifty west from Concord. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 100 Soldiers. Claremont did its full share in putting down the rebellion of 1861. The whole number of volunteers from the town, during the four years of the war, was 370 drafted men who dt afted men, 5 ; furnished substitutes, 74. Total, 449. Killed in battle, 33; died of wounds, 14; died of disease, 20. Total, 67. The quota required to be sent from each town in the State under all calls for troops, from July, 1863, was proportioned to the enrolled militia. Claremont's quota was set down at 177, and she fur- nished 206 recruits, being an excess of 29 over the number she was required to furnish. The many portions, is good fot and potatoes. Fortytwo tons of starch and 11,500 pounds of maple sugar are annualsoil, in grass, oats manufactured. ly and Streams. Clarksville Pond containing about two hundred acres, and Carr Pond about thirty, are the principal ponds in town Po?ids There are several small tributaries to the Connecticut. Resources. of the soil, labor, $ 600 ; Annual productions $32,248; mechanical money at interest and stock in the public funds, $ 5,200. Schools. There are four schools town; average length in year, eleven weeks. tlement was burg, incor- porated in 1853. Boundaries. ses Spafford for the Town First Settlement. first set- made in 1762, by ^loand David Lynde, and a charter was granted Oct. 26, 1764, to Josiah Willard, Samuel Ashley and sixty-seven others. It received its name from the country seat of Lord Clive, a distinguished English general, who then had charge of the British forces in the East Indies. The first white native of Claremont was Elijah, son of Moses Spafford, born in 1763. The minister of the town was Rev. George Wheaton, of the Congregational faith, who was ordained Feb. 19, 1772. The first minister of the Episcopal Church was Rev. Ranna Cossitt, who took holy orders in England in 1772, and in the following year entered upon the duties of his holy office. The Baptist society was formed in 1785, the Methodist in 1809, and the Univer- first settled ealist in 1826. broken and hilly, Area, 40,900 acres. By stage from Colebrook to North Stratford station on the Grand Trunk railroad, about twenty-five miles. Distances. One hundred and seventy-five miles north from Concord, forty-five north from Lancaster, and eleven north from ColePuiilroads. brook. COLEBROOK. Coos County. Colebrook is one of the most enterprising towns in Northern New-Hampshire. Withthe past twenty years it has nearly doubled its population and trebled its valuation. It is the shire town for the Northern Judicial District of Coos County. The soil in town but the is rich and easily cul- Fine intervals of considerable extent stretch along the Connecticut and the uplands are fertile, producing good crops. The tivated. Coos County. This town is in the northern part of Coos county. The is Vt. in this CL.ARKSVIL.M3. surface North by Pittsby Gilmanton and Grant, south by Stewartstown, and west by Canaan and Hall's stream, east ; �COLEBROOK. 101 quantity of potatoes raised in this labor, §36,800 town exceeds that of any town in the State, averaging more than one hundred and twenty thousand bushels annually. The larger portion of these potatoes is manu- §57,822 factured into starch. It is stated that, within a radius of ten miles from Colebrook Village, there are annually producing in the aggregate over 1100 tons of starch, and are valued at nearly §100,000. It ranks as the twenty-sixth town in the State in value of its agricultural products. fifteen starch mills, §866 ; ; money at interest, deposits in savings bank, ; stock in trade, §30,200 summer tourists, ; from §3000; profes- sional business, §10.000. Churches and ScJwols. MethoRev. J. H. Knott, pastor; Christian, Rev. William Morrill, pastor Congregational, no pastor Union, no pastor there are twelve dist, ; ; school districts and thirteen schools in town average length of schools for the year, twenty-four weeks ; amount annually appropriated for school purposes, §1,609.13. Elvers. Colebrook is watered by Connecticut and Mohawk riv- Academy. Colebrook has a considerable fund. and Beaver brook. There is considerable improved water pow- Parsons House. ers er in town. Hotel. Monadnock House and First Settlement. This There a beautiful Academy town was erable business. Coleburne and was granted to Sir George Colebrook and others. It was incor- or fifteen stores of all kinds, porated June mon and Ministers. The Church of Colebrook and vicinity was organized by Rev. John Willard, Missionary, Nov. 30, 1802, under the name of Village. is village in this town, with consid- There are twelve two hotels, three church edifices, court house, academy, four lawyers, four physicians, one dentist, besides various kinds of manufacturing comto a New-Hampshire village. The larger por- Employments. tion of the people are engaged in agriculture but there is considerable manufacturing and trade carried on in this town. The capital ; invested in starch manufactories is over §26,000, annually producing between five and six hundred tons of starch, and using over 120,000 bushels of potatoes. Nearly all branches of business are carried on such as foundry, carriage shop, lumber mills, cabinet, wool carding, jewelry, shoemaking, blacksmithing, tinware, and one woolen factory. Total value of goods annually manufactured, $158,200. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, §154,865; mechanical originally called 11, 1795. First Church Congregational the "Monadnock Church." It There was no preaching except Missionary labor until 1810, when Rev. Dyer Burge became pastor until May 5, 1815, when he was regular ly dismissed, the church numbering 43 members. Rev. Nathan Waldo preached from 1819 to 1822. Rev. Andrew Rakin from 1822 to July, 1823, when Rev. John L. Hale took his place, and continued until 1824. January, 1825, Rev. Orlando G. Thiitcher became pastor and conconsisted of ten members. tinued until February, 1829. Boundaries. North by Stewartstown, east by Dixville, south by Columbia, and west by the Con- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. ]02 necticut river. Area, 25,000 acres improved land, 14,870. miles by North Stratford sta- Thirteen Bail roads. is done. Productions of the Besourccs. Distances. One hundred and seventy miles north from Concord and thirty-four north from Lancaster. daily stage to lumbering considerable on the Grand Trunk Railroad. It is expected that the Montreal extension Railroad will pass through Colebrook in a short time. tion, §115,400; soil, ; stock in trade, §2,500. Churches and Schools. There ar»» two churches, no regular pastors, and ten schools average length of ; schools the for year, nineteen weeks. Columbia House. Hotel. COLUMBIA. mechanical labor, §3,400 money at interest, $5,872 deposits in savings banks, §10; First Settlement. In 1770 this Coos County. The surface of this town is uneven, and broken by town was granted and named Cockburne in honor of Sir James mountains along Cockburn, one of the grantees. Incorporated December 16, 1797; received its present name in June, The its southern lim- soil is generally strong and productive. In the spring its. large quantities of maple sugar are 1811. made. Boundaries. North by Colebrook, by Dixville and ungranted lands, south by ungranted lands and Stratford, and west by Vermont. Area, 37,822 acres; improved land, 9,823 acres. A large portion of the rest of the territory consists of large tracts of heavy wood and timber land. Streams and Ponds. From the mountains descend a number of streams in a westerly direction into the Connecticut, affording many excellent water privileges. There are several ponds, the most noted of which is Lime Pond, situated near the line between this town and Colebrook. It is about one hundred and sixty rods long and fifty rods wide. The bottom is covered ly six to feet the depth of nearwith perfectly white which formed by the shells of the cyclas and planorbis species, of which myriads ealcarious marl, is still living in the waters of the pond, and are generally found collected under loose stones. Fish Pond is well stored with trout of large size. Lime-stone, in considerable quantities, is found near the outlet of this pond. Employments. Farming is the principal occupation of the people. are some manufacturing carried on. One hundred tons of starch are annually made, and There is east One hundred and six- Distances. from Concord from Lancaster. By daily stage to and ty-six miles north and thirty north Railroads. from North Stratford station, twelve miles, on the Grand Trunk The Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad, when completed, will pass through this town. Railroad. CONCORD. Merrimack County. (a city) the is Concord capital of New- Hampshire and shire town of the county. The surface is uneven, though it presents none of the abrupt acclivities, or common towns. rivers, in deep valleys, many New-Hampshire It is well watered by four two of which are of consid- �103 CONCORD. erable magnitude, The Contoocook, a river eighty miles in length, from Ilopkinton through passes the northern part of Concord and joins the Merrimack on the line between this city and Boscawen. Merrimack The river passes eastern centre; the Soucook river washes the southeastern border, and ilows in- through the to the Merrimack, forming the boundary line between this city and Pembroke; while the Turkey river, having its rise in Turkey Ponds, waters a portion of its southern part and empties into the Merrinuiek in Bow. There is some good water power on the Contoocook, at Fisherville, where there are several large manufactories. On the Merrimack, through Con- some good water no wheel is turned by its valuable power. There are five ponds, the largest of which is Turkey Pond, in the south-west; and Long Pond (or Pennacook Lake) in the north-west part. At the outlet of Pennacook Lake is a woolen mill, kit factory, &c. Turkey Pond is the source of Turkey River, which furnishes some good water power in its passage to the Merrimack. The intervals on the Merrimack are of considerable width and very cord, there are privileges, but fertile, hut perhaps a in extent andbeauty Connecticut. little inferior to those Many on the of the inter- duced three hundred and twentybushels of corn, two hundred and seventy-eight bushels of oats, anil made the annual agricultural five Another, valued produced two hundred and twenty bushels of corn and two hundred bushels of oats. Anreceipts, §3,177. at §15,000, Also, annual rec'eipts, $2,500. other valued at $15,000. Annual A market farm, receipts, $3,600. containing forty acres, valued at $ 8,000, paid for labor, $ 1 ,000 fertil; Annual $1,000. izers, receipts, The above is sufficient to show that farming in Concord pays, when it is considered that farming $5,900. real estate increases in value, on an average, at the rate of four per cent, per annum. City. Concord, owing to its great railroad facilities, the wealth and enterprise of its inhabitants, and as being the capital of the State, has become one of the most popular cities in New England. The city contains about 2,500 dweling houses, 14,000 inhabitants, and has a constant and steady increase in population and wealth, which makes investments in real estate safe and sure to increase in value, if purchased at market rates. Like many other New England cities, Concord has beea afflicted with devastating fires Within the past twenty-two years, hotels, five churches, five an every business block on Street, has been burned Out of nearly two hundred stores and shops for trade within the city precinct, all but nine have been built since that nearly vals, however, by careful husbandry, have been brought to a high state of cultivation, and produce some of the finest crops of corn and hay in the State. The plains Maine down. and the uplands, when properly date (1852.) excellent produce crops. The census of 1870, shows that a farm valued at $18,000 pro- est of the five cities in the State. cultivated, These fire casualties have made Concord, apparently, in the business portion, the young- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 104 Large and substantial business blocks have been erected upon the ashes of the former buildings, far superior in architecture and beauBut few cities, of its size, exty. cel it in its large and expensive business blocks, hotels, fine its and excellent concrete sidewalks. If any broad and shaded streets, complaint can be made as to the beauty of this city, it is in its dense shaded streets, where, in many places, the rays of the sun A view from are nearly shut out. the dome of the Capitol, in midsummer, gives the city the appearance of a large forest, with church and domes peering above tops of the trees; and a spires the stranger, who obtained his first knowledge and view from this stand point, would be loath to believe that a city, containing twelve thousand inhabitants, nestled beneath the shade of the trees, standing at his feet. Many of the private residences are fine and ex- Nashua and Acton, Worcester and Nashua, Nashua and Wilton, at Nashua; Manchester and North Weare, at Manchester; and Suncook Valley at Hooksett or Suncook. It can be readily seen that almost any section of the country can be reached by railroad from The Concord. total number of miles of railroads in the city, besides side tracks, is over thirty. The dividend from the railroad tax exceeds that of any other town or city in the State by over $ 5,000. The passenger station is a large building and also contains the business offices of the Concord and Northern railroads. The constant increase of travel on the various which centre at lines of railroads, station, with the change of baggage and passengers from one line of road to the other, requires an enlargement of the depot, for the convenience both of the passengers and of the employees of this pensive structures, and compare favorably with fine dwellings in other cities in New Hampshire. The four Railroad Facilities. railroads which centre here together with their branches and connecting lines, within a radius of thirty-six miles, make it one of the largest railway centres at one the roads. depot in New England. At this station, passenger trains are made up with special cars, for the Montreal Railroad, Northern, Bristol Branch of the Northern, Concord and Claremont, Contoocook Valley, Concord to Boston, via Lowell, Concord to Boston via Lawrence, and Concord and Portsmouth. fully laid which virtually makes eight railroads that centre here. Besides, connections are made with the some powerful convulsion, many centuries ago. It was commenced in 1816, and was finished and occu- and Business Buildings. Public The State House is located on Main Street. The grounds extend east and west from Main to State Streets, Park and north and south from to Capitol Streets, forming nearly a square plat of over two acres. These grounds are beauti- out with fine concrete walks, ornamented with a variety of shade trees, and the whole sur- expensive and handsome iron fence. The original building was built rounded by an of Concord granite, quarried from the drifts which- were cleft from the Concord granite ledges, by �105 CONCORD. pied in 1819, for the first time. The whole cost, including grounds, was about $85,000, and it was the Chamber is on the east side of the north wing, measuring 34 by 35 feet; and there are in this most expensive edifice wing, besides, two committee rooms, measuring respectively 20 by 22 feet, and 16 by 22 £, together with the stairway leading to the chamber and Senate Gallery. In In in the State. 1805, the old capitol was en- remodeled, and enlarged at an expense of over $ 150,000. It is now considered one of the finest buildings of the kind in New Eng- tirely The land. addition to the center of the building was 28 by 50 feet, and on each wing 28 by 38 feet, making an additional area of 3,528 The superficial feet. first floor contains the Doric Hall, or what is sometimes called the Rotunda, 45 by 52 of this 45 feet is : feet; in the rear the State Library, 26 by on the you enter, right, as Council Chamber, measuring 22 £ by 24 feet, and connected with it, is the Govenor's by 18 feet; in private room, 11 the rear of this, is the Adjutant is the first, «b General's Office, consisting of two rooms connected by a double door. The larger room is 22£ feet square, In the south the smaller 15 by 22 £ . wing are the rooms of the Secretary of State consisting of a small room 12 by 18 feet, and a larger room, 21 £ by 24 feet; next to these rooms ; is the Treasurer's Office 20 £ by 21£ beyond this, is the Insurance feet; Commissioner's and Superintendent of Public Instruction room, measuring 16 by 20£ feet. On each Senate h. the south stairs wing is at the head of the Sergeant-at-Arms' the room, 16 \ by 21 £ feet, and next the office of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, and beyond is the State Historian's rooms: besides there is a wide stairway, a hall extending across the wing, and a stairway leading to the Representative Hall Gallery, and roof to the Cupola. eight affords The French commodious committee rooms, well lighted, and averaging about twenty feet square. A spiral stairway leads from the base of the dome to the top of the cupola, 140 feet from the ground, upon which is surmounted a colosThe view obtained sal gilt eagle. from the windows of the cupola is very fine. Doric Hall naturally claims the It is first attention of a stranger. supported by ten columns or pilAgainst the walls of this lars. hall have been placed four large glass cases, in which have been a wide stairway, the one on the north leading to the Senate Chamber the one on the south, to the Representatives' Hall, and a door behind each, opening into the yard towards the Battle Flags of the various military organizations of New-Hampshire, who participated in the conflict to sustain the Union; also a list of battles, each regiment or battery was engaged in, is printed in gold State Street. leaf side of the library is ; On the second floor the Represen- Hall occupies the center, extending across the building, 80 feet long, and 45 feet wide. The tative's regularly arranged upon the glass. The floor is marble, tessellated in white and black squares and diamonds. The wainscoting and all the wood finishing except the stairways of this �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 106 hall, and the rest of the build- all and oak, some beautiful in color and ing, is of chesnut of which is grain. The State Library has between and 13,000 volumes besides pamphlets. It is handsomely and appropriately arranged for an in12,000 stitution of this character. Gov- ernors of the State from 1786 to the present time, handsomely painted, and set in large gilt frames. There are also the portraits of Matthew Thornton, Joseph Dudley, Jonathan Belcher, William Bernett, and Simon Bradstreet. This chamber now presents the appearance of a handsome portrait gallery. In the Senate Chamber, are fourteen portraits of Senators who have been Presidents of the Senate. In the Hall of Representatives Washington and Webster in full size also Gen. De Graaf, Gen. John Stark, Gen. Poor, Gen. Cilley, Gen. Scammell, Gen. Whipple and Gen. Henry Dearborn. All these officers, with the exception of Gen. Poor, were at the surrender of Burgoyne, at are the portraits of ; Saratoga, in 1777. Too much credit cannot be ac- corded to the Hon. Benjamin F. Prescott, Secretary of State, for his untiring effort and zeal in securing a large portion of the portraits in the Council Chamber, and many of the Generals of the revolution placed in the Hall of Representatives. is end of State Street located the is The State Prison. central part and south wing were erected 1812; the north wing in 1833. in In present antique appearance it imparts no beauty to the city, nor its the Council Chamber, are systematically arranged, upon the In walls, the portraits of all the over §40,000, and is a fine strucIn this building is a large hall, the city offices, court room, At the north and county offices. ture. The Court House and City Hall located on Main Street, north of the Capitol, and considerably elevated from the street. It was erected in 1855, at an expense of much credit to the State, in its present condition. (For fvdl particulars see State Institutions.) The County Jail is situated one mile west of the State House, and was erected in 1853. It is a beautiful edifice, built of brick, and well arranged for the purpose it was designed for. Tlie Society New-Hampshire is located on Historical Main Street, and owns and occupies a large brick building. It was established in 1823, and now has over 6,000 volumes of valuable books, besides pamphlets and newspapers. There is quite a cabinet of Indian relics and other curiosities, many of which are of an antique character also, many valuable paintings. These rooms are opened daily, and are worthy of a visit from any stranger. The City Library is in the City Hall building, and has over 7,000 volumes. Newspapers. Monitor, daily; Independent Statesman, weekly; Daily Patriot; New-Hampshire Patriot, weekly; The People, Herald, weekly Prohibition weekly. (See tables.) The Asylum for the Insane is located on Pleasant Street about one half mile south-west from the State House. The buildings are spacious, conveniently arranged, ; and present a fine and imposing ��TRADE BUILDING, BOAR]) OF CONCORD. W Li' Ol til (Tli ^' is i« H Mti w W W Mi, , . ti Nr W "Pi; 'aii gB Pi 1 If 1 : EAGLE HOTEL, Concord. 3 taf �CONCORD. appearance. control, but It under State is heavily endowed, and financially established on a basis, without requiring solid much State aid. (See State Instiis tutions.) There are many blocks fine business the in the city precinct, largest of which are Stickney's, Brown's, White's, Sanborn's, Board of Trade building, Eagle, ColumExchange, Merchant's, Rum- bian, ford, Durgin's, State, Hill, City, Phenix, Hill's, James R. Phenix Hotel, Foster's, Pickering's, Central, Masonic, Statesman, and These buildings brick structures, from 107 There are about two hundred reand shops for trade of tail stores, various kinds. stores are large, Some of these and do an annual business of nearly §100,000. Many of them are elegantly finished, and present a metropolitan appearance, comparing favorably with those of any city in the State. There are six hotels Hotels. Eagle, Phenix, Elm, and Sherman House, in the city precinct, the Washington House, at Fisherville, and the Birchdale House, at Birchdale Springs. The Eagle and Phenix are first Moore's blocks. class are large, as fine hotels, in every respect, as three to four stories high (with one exception), the lower floors being generally occupied by stores of various kinds, while the upper are used for public halls, offices, and mechanical work, The Board of Trade building is located on the corner of Maine and School and was commenced in the summer of 1872, and finished streets, in the autumn of 1873. It is with a handsome French roof, surmounted by a fine dome, in which has been three stories, placed a large illuminated clock, with four dials. The lower story while the upper conBoard of Trade rooms, Young Men's Christian Associais for stores, tains the tion rooms, offices, &c. The whole expense of the building was about $ 45,000. The geoMercantile Trade. graphical position, together with extensive railroad facilities, has caused Concord to become the centre of a large mercantile trade. There are six wholesale flour and corn stores, whose annual sales are not less than $1,800,000. its houses, and are considered are found in New England, out- Boston. The Elm and Sherman are respectable, and good houses, and receive a fair patronage from the traveling pubThe registers of these four lic. hotels show the annual arrivals to side of The Eagle and Phenix be 40,000. 14,000 each, man 12,000. and the Elm and SherThe register of one of the hotels, this season (1873), shows that it was represented by guests from thirteen States in one day. The different registers of the Eagle and Phenix frequently show daily arrivals of guests from six to ten different States. Birch-Dale House is located near Birch Dale or Concord Springs, about four miles west from the State House, and is a large and commodious house built expressly for summer boarders. Tlie These springs possess medical and the water is pronounced very beneficial to invalids who are afflicted with various properties, diseases. lar resort, It has become a popuand the house is gener- ally well filled through the warm �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 108 season. To show the popularity of the Concord Spring water, it is stated that two thousand gallons are annually sold by the glass in the city of New York alone. The house and springs are owned by Dr. Robert Hall, of Concord. The manufacManufactories. turing business of Concord is considerable, various, and, many of If Conits branches, important. cord possesses, as it is often stated, water power nearly equal to some of her sister cities, it is evi- dent that it has not been utilized, except at Fisherville, to any great extent, to propel the machinery now in use in its various manufactories; neither have they, financially received much foreign assistance, but depended upon capital belonging to the people of Concord. The carriage business has been an important branch of industry for many years. There are four manufactories, the largest of which is the Abbott, Downing Co. This firm has acquired a worldwide reputation for its fine carriages, both for durability and neatness of work. In 1813 the late Mr. Lewis Downing, then a young man of one and twenty years, came to Concord, from Lexington, Mass., and opened a wheelwright shop at the north end of Main Street. The capital with which he commenced was $125, $75 of which he invested in a good set of tools. business He commenced building common wagons with the bodies fastened down to the hind axle, and worked alone, finding ready sales for carriages he could make. After the first year his business so increased, that he employed two all the hands, which number was after- wards increased as the business demanded. In 1825 he commenced erecting shops at the south end of Main street, near his house. For twelve years he manufactured only wagons, the style of which underwent several changes. The first attempt was a wooden one reaching from the hind axle to the rocker which was soon followed by the leather thoroughbrace, and at a spring ; successive styles of eliptic springs. The first and sold chaise he made in 1826, Rev. Dr. Bouton, now residing in Concord. In 1826 he commenced the manit to the ufacture of coaches, which have since made the name of Abbott & Downing famous the country over. That year he went to Salem, Massachusetts, and engaged J. Stephens Abbott, then a journeyman coachbody maker, to come to Concord and build three-bodies. Mr. Abbott arrived in Concord, Christmas eve., 1826, and made the first coach body ever built in New-Hampshire. The first coach was completed and went out of the shop in July, 1627, and was sold to Mr. John Shepherd. Mr. Abbott, after completing his job with Mr. Downing, went to Frainingham, Mass., for the purpose of forming a business connection, but concluded otherwise, and went to Providence, R. I., and worked a short time, but not feeling contented he returned to Concord in the fall, and became a partner with Mr. Downing, January 1, 1828. Coach building became a leading feature of their business, and for the reason of the lightness, durableness, and elegance of finish of their their coaches, they way soon found into every part of New �109 CONCORD. England. It is worthy of mention that while other carriages have undergone an infinite variety of changes in style, the Concord coach was so near perfection in its line, at that early day, that it has scarcely undergone any changes in construction since. The partnership of Downing & Abbott was dissolved by mutual consent in September, 1847; Mr. Abbott continuing business in the ing his and Mr. Downing, taksons as partners, removing new shops, nearly opposite the old shops, to Phenix Hotel. These two firms remained in their respective places of business until January 2, 1865, with no ma- change, with the exception of Mr. Abbott taking his son E. A. Abbott as a partner in 1852, under the firm name of J. S. & E. A. AbIn the winter of 1849, the bott. shops of Mr. Abbott were entirely destroyed by fire but were immediately replaced with more commodious and convenient buildings. terial January 2, 1865, the two firms were dissolved, and the heavy and popular firm of Abbott, Downing & Co., was formed, and the business continued in the shops formerly occupied by J. S. & E. A. Abbott, Mr. Lewis Downing senretiring from the business ior, after active participation in it for nearly fifty-two years. This new January 1873, 1, which succeeded Downing & Morgan & Co., Abbott Downing Com- the firms of Abbott, Co., and Harvey, called the pany, with a capital of §400,000. The officers of this corporation, are Lewis Downing, President, Edward A. Abbott, Treasurer, Frank L. Abbott, Secretary and George P. Harvey, Rufus M. Morgan, J. C. Harvey, Board of control. Thus it can be seen that the small wheelwright shop established nearly sixty years before, with a capita] of $ 125, and employing but one man, has grown to a capital of $400,000 and employing over 250 men. In the spring of 1870, Mr. J. Stephens Abbott, one of the original firm, died very suddenly at his residence in Concord, and in Mr. Lewis Downing, Mr. Abbott. But few business men, in this country, have, by their own individual ef- March 1873, senior, followed as mechanics, left names more honorable, and more worthy forts, to be handed down through life's great drama, for generations to come, than Lewis Downing and J. Stephens Abbott. To show the constant increase of their business, it can be stated that when Messrs. Downing and Abbott formed a partnership in 1828, there were four forges in when the partnership again formed in 1865, there firm continued in business until a their shops change was made in January, 1873. In the meantime another large carriage establishment had grown up in Concord under the name of Harvey, Morgan & Co., and for several years had been doing quite an was extensive business. By previous act of the Legislature, an incor- the value of § 500,000. The question is often asked why Concord coaches and carriages porated company was established, ; were twenty-four forges and now company have thirty-five. They employ 250 men with an annual pay-roll of §168,000, and prothe duce carriages of various kinds to �110 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. have such a world-wide reputation. The reason principal is the thoroughness of work, and always securing the best materials, and the best skilled labor. No paint is ever allowed to cover any dein fect wood the or would have a tendency iron, to that weaken the carriage, on any consideration. Many parts of wheels, or other work have been stove before eyes of the workman, which Mr. Downing used to say) Avas the (as the most emphatic and cheapest argument he could produce to let his workmen know that no sham work was allowed in their shops. Their carriages have been sent to nearly every quarter of the no firm in Snake Hill) commence about one mile from the Capitol, north-west, and extend along for over two miles nearly parallel with the Concord and Claremont railroad. Mr. Luther Roby, now living in the city, (1873) first opened this ledge on the southerly base and near what is called the " Pulpit." The piers for the Federal bridge came from this opening also the stone was boated down the Merrimack, to Manchester, by Mr. Roby ; and son, for the basement of the Manchester depot. They sent the first Concord granite to Lowell, Mass. The ledge now being so successfully worked by Mr. Hollis, was also opened by them. But globe, and, doubtless, the this country tion with other popular quarries in is, at this date, as well known as the firm of Downing & Company, makers, Concord N. H. The total value of (including Abbott, carriage carriages repairing) annually produced in the city is about $ 600,000. The Granite business is an important branch which has grown to large proportions within the past twenty years. Granite of the best quality has been known to abound in Concord for rnany years, but was quarried from large drifts or bowlders, which at some age in the past, were parts of the main ledge which had been cleft asunder by some violent convulsion of naThese drifts from the granite ledges in Concord have been found as far south as Massachusetts line, but never to any distance northward eastward or westward. From these drifts, the stone for the Old State House, and other buildings ture. was quarried. The granite ledges, (or Rattle first great successful competi- Maine and Massachusetts, was in securing the contract to furnish the granite for the Merchants' Bank, Boston. Blocks of granite one foot square dressed in various forms were sent from Hallowell, Maine, Rockport, Quincy and some other quarries. Mr. Roby had the apparent temerity to send his block from the Concord quarry, and after careful examination as to merits of the granite from each quarry, the contract was given to Mr. Roby, the price hardly coming in as competition but the quality of the stone. It has been ascertained, by eminent chemists and geologists, that the stone from the Concord quarries, is perfectly free from oxides or other mineral substance, which on exposure to the atmosphere, would mar the beauty (if some New England granite. The award of this contract soon established the reputation of Concord granite, as being the then Dest in market. When the quarry-men �CONCORD. at Qnincy, only six miles distant from Boston, found that preference was given to granite quarried seventy miles away, they showed that shrewdness characteristic of Massachusetts business men, by securing nearly all the control of these ledges, and the heavy contracts pertaining tbereto and to; day the granite business cord, is in Con- largely controlled by peo- ple residing in Massachusetts. Mr Jfcoby for the furnished the stone at Ports- Custom House, mouth, the Brooks house at Medford, and many other buildings, besides much of the stone work in the buildings in Concord. Like all new enterprises where goods are introduced into the market, and the competition is in the qual- Ill $ 125,000 employ 75 men annual pay roll, $45,000; tan 15,500 ox hides, valued at $ 186,000, and manufacture 780,000 feet of belting, of various widths, valued at ; $350,000. ; Eastman Samuel & Co., belting and leather hose, cap- $ 15,000, employ eight hands, annual production, $ 40,000. Concord and Northern Railroad's maital, chine shops, employ 204 men annual pay roll, $ 138,000; receipts, $ 290,000: Ford & Kimball, found- employ 50 men annual pay $ 30,000 value of production, $ 165,000. William P. Ford & Co., foundry, employ 35 hands; pay roll, $ 20,000 annually produce sinks, stoves, plows, harrows and other castings valued at $ 54,000. Dunkley & Allen, machinists employ 24 hands, annual pay roll, ry, roll, ; ; ; instead of the price, and frequently much money is expended before actual profits are realized, the introduction of the Concord granite was not an exception. Mr. Roby may have the satisfaction of knowing he has been the means of first introducing this granite to ture Palmer carriage springs, ploy 16 men; annual pay the country and making it the gold mine of Concord ; but it is feared that the credit which he is rightfully entitled to, has not been ac- production, $429,000 Five harness shops, annual products, $ 240, ity, corded to him. In 1854, there were about thirty men employed in the granite busi- There are now ( 1873) in these quarries, $ 420,000 invested, employing 491 men with an annual pay roll of $ 364,000, and annually producing stone in the rough, and dressed, to the value of $ 775,000. ness. This stone is now used for building purposes in nearly all the large cities on the Atlantic slope. Tlie Page Belting Co. tan leather under Page's patent tanning process, for belting ; capital invested, production, $12,000; $40,000. & manufac- Joseph Palmer Co., emroll, annual production, $ 50, Four bedstead and furniture manufactories employ 280 hands; annual pay roll, $ 125,000 annual $ 13,200 ; 000. ; 000. W. B. Durgin, manufacturer of pure silver spoons, forks and napkin rings, annual value of production, $ 75,000. There are also manufactured cotton goods, $ 235, 000 woolen goods, $ 250,300 melodeons and organs, $ 120,000 confectionery and bread, $100,000; sale boots and shoes, $150,000; printing, newspapers, job printing, $ 110.000; monuments and grave stones, $60,000; doors, sash, blinds and window frames, $50,000; lumber, sawed, planed and ; ; ; matched, Blanchard $ 99,675 churns, $ 50,000 silver plating ; ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 112 $7,000; book binding, $20,000; picture frames, $70,000; photograph business in its various forms, $55,000; plaster ground, gas, $45,000; meal ground, $40,000; organ and melodeon keys, organ and melodeon reeds, organ and piano stools, artificial limbs, mackerel kits, excelsior, cement pipe, gas and steam fittings, files, $9,000; stencil plates; be- are carpenters, stair builders, slate and gravel roofers, undertakers, upholsterers, custom boot and shoe workmen, blacksides there smiths, tailors, milliners, and vaThe total cap- rious other trades. invested in manufactories of employing all kinds is $ 2,276,300 2,145, men and boys, and 364 womital ; who annually receive for their producing manufactured goods, to the value of *The number of $4,600,000. males and females engaged in insurance, banks, stores and shops as en, labor, $ 1,329,500, proprietors or clerks, hotel clerks, book keepers &c, is estimated at 1,540. There are 28 lawyers, 22 physicians, 5 dentists, 28 clergy- men, besides school teachers, male and female. Resources. All the resources in relation to stocks and bonds are taken as are individually given to the assessors under the law. It is stated that there are in this city, over $1,000,000 personally invested in western railroad stocks and bonds. Productions of the soil, $338,068 mechanical labor, $1,329, 500, clerical and professional busi; ness is estimated, at $924,000*; stocks and bonds, $224,000; money deposits in at interest, $180,180; savings banks, $1,170,580; stock in trade, $774,693. Public Works. Water has been introduced into the city precinct, and pipes have been laid through nearly all the streets, with hydrants placed at proper distances, The water to guard against fire. is taken Pennacook Lake, from lying about three miles north-west from the Capitol, and oyer one hundred feet above its foundation. The water of this pond has long been noted for its purity, and has the capacity to supply a city many times larger in population than Concord. These works have been put in very substantially, and great attention has been given to have durable pipes, and of such material as not to impregnate the water with any mineral substance in the least. The whole expense not far from $300,000. No city in the country stands better guarded against large, devastating fires, than Concord does to-day, with an abundance of water, and one of is the most efficient to use fire departments it. Sewerage. The city precinct has been surveyed, and an extensive plan of sewerage been draughted, which, when the plans are fully carried out, will give the city excellent drainage. Much of tinn, This includes clergymen, lawyers, phy- sician*, merchants, landlords, bankers, rail- book keepers, National, State, County, City officials, &c Ac, Doubtless the cities and large towns have a larger per cent, than the average through the State. road officials, clerks, ., In this view of the foregoing facts, Concord, The censns of 1870, gave the number of persons in New-Hampshire, engaged in professional and personal services, trade and transportation, of ten y -Mrs of age and over, * at 27,042, or over 8}^ per cent, of its popula- with scarcely any large cotton or woolen manufactories, and the capital of the State, must have at least 11 per cent, of its popula- tion, or 1540 persons, vocations. employed in the above �CONCORD. Ihe work has already been done East Concord there with two in masonry and the whole plan will be consummated within a few years. The whole the most substantial expense is estimated There are also good school-houses, and graded schools at West Concord and- Fisherville. Nearly all of these large brick houses have been built within the past twenty years, at an expense, including $100,000. There are four bridges in the over the Merrimack, and three over the Contoocook river. All of these are large and expencity sive bridges. The Federal grounds, of not less than $150,000. One of the most important literary institutions in the country is located about two miles west of the State House, called St. Bridge, which leads to East Concord, is of wrought iron, and was ei-ected in the spring of 1873, at an expense, including stone work, of Paul's over School. copal represent There are fifty schools which thirty-two But few towns or are graded. cities have made more rapid pro- The Schools. in the city, of in sive Church ' June 8, 1859; CongregaWest Concord, September 21, 1869; Old North Congregational Church, November 18, 1870, and the North Congregational, June 29, 1873. The Unitarian,- South and West Concord, have been replaced by more substantial and expensive edifices, and the North thirty-one weeks; in the city there ; ferent sections of the city. At for tional at 1874. and built at an expense of from $15, 000 to $60,000 each besides there are several smaller houses in dif- Concord, tional, will five large, brick school-houses in Edifices. Unitarian, November 2d, 1854; then followed the South Congrega- age length of schools for the year the city precinct, from four to six commodious school rooms each, (See literary Insti- worship being destroyed by fire. The first house destroyed was the $24,047.45, There are buildings are very fine, extenand expensive, and the the past nineteen years, has suffered severely in its houses of public the city precinct, are primary intermediate, first and second gramThe avermar, and high school. precinct, forty weeks. students of the Union. tutions.) In 185-1, the total amount of money appropriated for school purposes was $5,536, being $2.40J In 1872, the to each scholar. is its grounds around them are beauti- past twenty years, than Concord. averaging $9.21 to each scholar. The high school is under the instruction of J. D. Bartley, as principal. In this department, such branches of study are taught, that, at the expiration of four years, a scholar is prepared to enter any college. The grades of schools in all parts fully laid out. public schools, for the amount expended was under Epis- It is and control, $26,000. gress a fine brick departments. is house, about at 113 be rebuilt in the season of Where is now, the old North stood, 1873, being built a large brick school house. The following and are the churches, denominaNorth Congregational, Rev. F. D. Ayers South Congregationpastoi's of various tions. : Rev. Blake; IstCalvinistic W. Faunce; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Silas Curtis; al, S. L. Baptist, Rev. D. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 114 Pleasant street Baptist, Rev. H. G. Safford; Methodist, Rev. E. A. est of the village. Drew; Episcopal, Rev. J. H. Eames, D. D. Unitarian, Rev. J. F. houses. ; Lovering; Universalist, Rev. E. L. Conger, pastor; Catholic, Rev. J. E. Barry; Second Advent, Elder At East Concord, J. G. Hook. Congregational. At West Concord, Congregational, Rev. H. B. Putnam. At Fisherville, C. Baptist, no pastor; Catholic, Rev. J. E. Barry; Methodist, Rev. S. P. Heath, pastor. There are also clergymen of the following persuasions, residing in Concord, viz., C. Baptist Rev. Congregational, Moses Gerald Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, D. D., Rev. H. A. Kendall, Rev. S. Utley, Episcopal, Rt. Rev. W. W. Niles, Bishop of the Diocese, Rev. H. A. Coit, D. D., Rev. J. H. Coit, Rev. Hall Harrison, Rev. John Hargate, and Rev. R. A. Benton; Methodist, Rev. Elisha Adams. The value of church property within the city precinct is not less than $ 225,000. East Concord is locaVillages. ted across the Merrimack, about two miles from the State House. ; Here is a plaster mill, saw mill, brick yard, belting and leather hose manufactory, store, post office, graded school house, about sixty dwellings. West Concord is about two miles north-west from the Capitol. There is a woolen mill, large, brick, •hurch edifice, and kit factory, two stores, chui'ch, and about sixty house, dwellings. school (For Fisherville, see Boscawen.) two miles Millville lies about west from the State House. Paul's School and now is is located St. here, the absorbing inter- There is a mill, and a number of fine dwelling About one mile directly east of the State House, across the Merrimack, by the free bridge road, and what is called the plain, has been commenced a pretty village. Within the past year, thei-e have been erected fifteen or twenty dwelling houses, and a fine school house. It bids fair to be quite an auxiliary to the growth and wealth of the city precinct. Banks. There are seven banks First National National State Capitol, National Savings, New Hampshire Savings, in the city, viz. Merrimack County Savings, Loan and Trust Savings in city precinct; and Pennacook Savings Bank, at Fisherville. Total capital in Nabanks, tional Total $350,000; in the five sav- amount deposited ings banks, $3,381,081.21. (See tables.) Natural and acquired Resources. As can be seen, the granite ledges of Concord are a mine of Avealth, but at present the only resource is the pay which the quarrymen get for labor and the farmers realize from the sale of the land where the ledges are located. This is valuable, but it would be better to have the profit on the stone stop here instead of going to Boston. The supply may be considered inexhaustible, and will last for many generations yet to come. It is stated by competent judges that the water power in Concord is valuable, and is excelled by but few towns in the State in unimproved privileges. Sewall's Falls, in the Merrimack, are about three miles from the State House. The width of the river at this point is �115 CONCORD. only two hundred and thirty feet. The expense of a dam here has been estimated, by competent engineers, to be about forty thousand dollars; and by taking the water from the west end of the dam, through a canal, for a distance of about three miles, to the city proper, would produce a fall of over twenty-one feet, and a constant flow of water in the driest time, of twelve hundred feet per second. This power is equal to running twenty cotton mills of five thousand spindles each, and requiring one hundred and twenty operatives to each mill, or three thousand in all. The whole expense to prepare this power ready to place mills on is estimated by Gov. James A. The acquired resources are in its and the completion of the Concord and Rochester Railroad, and extension of the Contoocook Valley Road, from Hillsborough to Peterborgreat center; railroad ough, together with the completion of the Hoosic Tunnel, will still largely increase its railroad It being the capital of facilities. induces the State come here quently adds to ulation, many men its which are gradually From creasing. to and consewealth and pop- to reside, in- 1871 to 1872, its ratable polls increased 361. With the advantages above mentioned there is no reason why Concord should not annually increase all in wealth and population for many two hundred and sixtyfive thousand dollars, and if all the power was utilized, it would make an additional population of nearly years to come, and hold her rank with her sister cities in the State. ten thousand inhabitants. It may be well to state that there are good facilities for erecting mills the territory of Concord, was made by parties living in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1663, but, not complying with the provisions of the grant, Weston at on the east or west side of the er, at the foot of the falls, riv- without the expense of a canal two or three miles. Land for a mile square around the falls can be purchased farm land in at the rate per acre of that vicinity. We quote the words of the efficient civil engineer, Hon. James A. Weston, who made the survey of this valuable power, in 1871 " Nature seldom offers to the hand of man a more favorable location, or greater facilities for the creation of a large and successful manufacturing business." At the south-east extremity of the city are Garven's Falls, in the Merrimack. The power here is considered valuable, but we have no means of knowing its full capacity. First Settlements. The first petition for a grant of land comprising they forfeited their right. Fiftyone years after the first grant they again petitioned to have the original grant of 1663 confirmed to them. They contended that tbe first grantees built a trading house on the tract, forty years before, and it is supposed was built on the east Merrimack. the inhabitants of Essex it side of the In 1721 County, many of them living in Haverhill and vicinity, petitioned the government of Massachusetts for a grant of land called Pennacook, and conveying nearly the same territory of the Salem grant sixty-two years before. Benjamin Stevens, Ebenezer Daniel Kimball, Austin Mitchell, and one Eastman, John Osgood, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 116 hundred and fourteen others were Not fully succeed- the petitioners. effort, in 1725, a signed by the five persons above named, who acted as a committee for the rest of the former petitioners, was presented, asking the government to review the request of their former petiThis second attempt proved tion. successful, with certain provisions to be fulfilled on the part of the ing in their new first petition, The 1801. first grist mill was built on a small brook running through East Concord. In 1732, a grist mill and saw mill were built on Turkey river, at ville. what is now called MillThe burying ground was out in laid Prior to 1730, 1730. the meetings of the grantees were holden in Bradford, Mass. The town meeting was holden first at November 10, Henry Rolfe was chosen the meeting house, 1730. grantees. moderator and Benjamin Rolfe, was to be divided hundred and three lots, and one hundred persons were to be admitted and each pay five pounds and build a good dwelling house, and break up and fence six clerk. acres of land within the space of settled in the vicinity of Concord. The territory into one three years, after the land The first be made on the was sur- In 1733, " Penney Cook" was incorporated by the government of Massachusetts under the name of Rumford. The Pennacook tribe of Indians They were the most powerful and veyed. fifty settlements waidike tribe in the valley of the to east side of the Merrimack, and all other tribes in this vicinity were subservient to them. Passaconnaway was their first chief known to the white settlers in New-Hampshire, and always kept good faith with the and the houses to be built on not more than twenty rods apart, in a regular defensible river, the home lot Also that a good, convenient house for the worship of God, be completely finished within the same space of time that the first minister should have one full share with the rest, the lot to be laid out adjoining the meetingposition. ; lot. One lot for the support of schools forever, and one other, a ministerial lot of equal value with the rest. The survey of these house was deferred till May 10, 1726. Samuel Ayer is supposed to be the lots man who ploughed a field in Concord. Ebenezer Eastman and family were the first who settled in town, and came here in 1727. The first white female child born in town, was Dorcas, daughter of E. Abbott, who died in 1797. The first male child was born of the same parents in 1730, and died in first English. Tradition gives it that he was the chief Sagamore of the tribes in this section of all New- England, as early as 1629. This tribe were opposed to the Christian religion and refused to pray to God for assistance; but the settlers never received any harm from them as a tribe, probably not as much as was administered to the Indians by the white men. The only Indian foe they feared were the Mohawk tribe, living in New- York, on the Mohawk river. There was a deadly feud between these two many men trod tribes for the white years before the soil of The site of an New-England. fort, on the east side of the Merrimack, is pointed out where Indian �CONCORD. two tribes met in deadly conand victory decided in favor of the Pennacooks. But there was no reporter to record the heroic deeds of valor displayed on either side, and tradition tells the tale. these flict The first Indian depredation committed upon the settlers of Concord, was in 1742, of Jonathan when the wife Eastman was taken These hostile attacks were instigated by the French, captive. who then held control of Canada, and these Indians came from that vicinity. In 1746, there were seven garrisons in " Rumford" for the protection of the inhabitants. with all But these precautions, .Mon- August 11, 1746, they ambushed and killed Lieut. Jonathan Bradley, Samuel Bradley, John Lufkin, day, John Bean and Obadiah Peters; and Alexander Roberts and William Stickney were taken prisoners. This sad tragedy occurred about one and one half miles west from the State House, on the Hopkinton road, as they were going to a fort about half a mile beyond where they were massacred. Four of the Indians were killed and two were wounded. There is no doubt but they intended to have made an attack on Concord, as there were over one hundred in the party who committed these murders. Through some source, the Indians learned that the town had been reinforced by soldiers sent from Exeter under Captain Ladd, only the day before, and thus the assault was evaded. After this ambush of the Bradleys and others, they made a precipitate retreat, for fear of an attack by the soldiers and inhabitants from the forts. In 1837, a granite monument was erected near the scene of this trag- 117 edy, by the late Richard Bradley (a relation of some of the victims) of this city. After it was erected with formal ceremonies, Mr. Brad- ley presented the deed of convey- ance of the monument and grounds, to the New-Hampshire Historical which was received by Society, the ton, Rev. Dr. Nathaniel Bouand being duly recorded was deposited in the society archives. The monument stands on a little eminence in a pasture, by the street leading to Millville a'nd Hopkinton, and is placed on a mass of cobble stone, uncovered by earth and sod, or even fenced. A more lonely and desolate spot is not to be found in Concord, especially when one's mind reverts back to this dark and bloody deed, and, as your eye glances through bush and brake, a nervous feeling comes over youjhat perhaps the unerring rifle of the red man is still pointing at the heart to draw the life blood of his unwary victim. (For the honor of Concord, some measure should be taken to have this made more respectWith the exception of the sacred spot able.)* no public place is visited by strangers, being but one half mile from St. Paul's school, which is repre sented by nearly every state in the State House, more frequently union. Besides the foregoing deed no serious trouble ever occurred from the Indians, aside from killing a &c, For many years was a long controversy between the proprietors of Bow and few cattle, there Concord, relative to certain rights of territory. In 1727, Bow received * At a meeting of the members of the His was voted to hav* turical Society (1*73) it these grounds appropriately arranged. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 118 a grant of land, nine miles square, from certain authority in NewHampshire, which covered nearly the whole territory which was granted to the proprietors of PenThis of course led nacook. to conflicting authority between the respective grantees. This trouble was finally settled by the government of New-Hampshire's incoiporating the parish of Concord with town rights, in 1765, and including a large portion of the land previously claimed by Bow. Perhaps but few people are aware how the act for the incorporation of Concord was couched. It com- menced " An as follows Act for setting off a part of town of Bow, together with some land adjoining thereto, with the inhabitants thereon, and make them a Parish, investing them with such privileges and immunities as towns in this parish have and do enjoy." To this parish, in the town of Bow, was given the name of Concord, which means harmony and agreement with onethe another. of the legislature, and for a long time, Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas. He died in 1822. Benjamin Thompson, afterwards as Count Rumford, was a resident of Concord for many years, and married a daughter of Rev. Timothy Walker. He held known various important military offices under the British crown, and on leaving the service, he was hon- ored with the title of Count. He afterwards received the honor of knighthood. He died in France in 1814. Franklin Pierce, born in Hillsborough, but long a resident of this city, was U. S. Senator, and President of the United States, be- sides filling ble offices. bore their full share in furnishing men in the struggles of the revolution, and the blood of her sons helped to seal the covenant which made us a free and inde- pendent nation, as it did also to defend it from being broken in twain, in 1861. many minor responsiHe died here, in 1869. Isaac Hill came to Concord in was a printer by trade was 1809 ; ; soon an editor of a political paper, and wielded a powerful influence in the State, for many years. He filled the offices of State Senator, U. Senator, and Governor of the S. State. The people of Concord and money member He died in 1850. There are many other prominent men, who have lived in Concord but space will not permit us to mention them. It is enough to say, however, that she has furnished her full share of public men, who have filled honorable positions, both in the State and nation. First Ministers. Rev. Timothy Distinguished Men. Hon. Timothy Walker, son of the Rev. Timothy Walker, born in 1737, graduated at Harvard in 1756, filled va- Walker was the first minister, and came here in 1726, and was settled town offices, and served in a campaign under Gen. Sullivan; member of the convention which framed the Constitution in 1784; ordinary intellectual powers, and they were always used to promote the best interests of the town, for, unlike to-day, he did not act as the pastor of a church, but of the rious afterwards, for several years, a in 1730. He died in 1782. Mr. Walker was a man of more than �119 CONWAY. while town. Under his ministry, whole people were united, under one congregation, and he died lamentAt the ed by all who knew him. time of the trouble with Bow, the town sent Mr. Walker to England no less than three times, relative fifty-two for to years, the troublesome question, as this their agent. 919 acres; area of improved land, 20,090 acres. Latidude, 42 deg. 15 min. north longitude, about 71 deg. 30 Distances. Seventy-three miles north-west from Boston, and five hundred and seventy-four miles north-east by east from Washington, Rev. Israel Evans, ordained in Rev. dismissed in 1797. 1789; Asa McFarland, D. D., settled in Dr. McFar1798, died in 1827. land was greatly beloved by his people, and died deeply lamented. Concord was sec. west from Greenwich. D. C. CONWAY. Carkoll County. The surface town is uneven, except on the rivers, where there is some of this fine interval land, which produces &c, fine crops of corn, rye, To in- cultivate the upland requires pa- corporated, crops. trial, The July 6, 1849. was adopted, on the fifth The vote in March, 1853. tient labor to get a fair return of charter in the county, in its production of City Charter. then stood, 828 in favor, and 559 The mayors against a charter. have been, under the new charter, 1855, Rufus 1853, Joseph Low; John Abbott; Clement; 1856, 1859, Moses T. Willard; 1861, Moses Humphrey; 1863, Benjamin F. Gale; 1865, Moses Humphrey; 1840, 4,903; 10,889; and the fourth first in its town total value of agricultural productions. Swift, PeeRivers and Ponds. 1775, 1,747; 1820, 2,838; quawket Pond are the principal 1850, 8,584; 1860, various decades, as follows 1790, ranks as the quawket, and Saco, are the princiThe Saco is about rivers. twelve rods wide, and two feet It has been known to rise deep. over twenty-five feet in twentySwift and Peequawfour hours. ket rivers discharge themselves There are some into the Saco. valuable water privileges in this Walker's Pond and Petown. 1866, John Abbott; 1868, Lyman D. Stevens; 1870, Abraham G. Jones; 1872, John Kimball. The population has been, at the 1,052; corn, It 1870,12,241. : The popula- pal collections of water. Elevations. tion at the present time (January, and Greene The 18740 is estimated at 14,000. assessed value of personal and elevations. real estate, in March, 1873, was Its true value, over §9,000,000. no doubt, is over §12,000,000. North by CanterBoundaries. bury and Boscawen, east by Loudon and Pembroke, south by Bow and Hopkinton, and west by HopArea, 40, kinton and Boscawen. Pine, Rattlesnake, hills are the principal On the south side of a detached block of granite, or bowlder, which doubtless owes its present position to some violent action of nature. Pine Hill is On the bank Medical Spring. of Cold brook, is a spring strongIn ly impregnated with sulphur. some cases, it has cial to invalids. proved benefi- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 120 Scenery. Some of the finest views of the White Mountains are obtained from North Conway. Many tourists spend the summer month in this beautiful mountain scenery town. At North Conway quite a village has grown up the dwelling houses being principally owned by men in some of the large ; cities, who remove their families here to remain through the warm season of the year, There are also eight or ten large hotels and boarding houses, for the accommodation of visitors who do not wish to live in private houses. Every inducement is offered to make this mountain retreat a desirable location for men who have families and do not desire their children to be deprived of school privileges too much. At North. Conway are good schools, a fine academy, two or three churches, and all such privileges as are desired in cities, can be obtained making it a desirable opportunity to enjoy a fine mountain scenery through the summer, which many are improving. The number of tourists who stop permanently through the summer months, is estimated at over 2,000 besides thousands who come and go as they pass through the mountain region. There are several here, thus manufactories at North Conway, and eight or ten stores of various kinds. At Conway village there several manufactories, of various kinds, three or four stores, bank, three or four hotels, church ai*e and school house. It is a very desirable and pleasant village to live in, and many tourists stop here through the summer. Employments. Agriculture and keeping summer boarders, are the principal vocations of the people. The farmers receive a good return for all their products they have to The mechanical work is considerable. Over 75 tons of sell. straw board is annually made, 12,000 sides of leather tanned; val- ued at $84,000 375,000 feet of lumber sawed 6,800 bushels of grain ground 75 harnesses made, besides various other mechanical works. The total value of goods annually manufactured, of all kinds, is SU6, 500. (See tables.) The town has voted to exempt from taxation all manufactories for a certain length of time, provided there be $ 10,000 invested in the manufactory. Resources. Productions of the soil, 8 113,299; mechanical labor, $ 19,500 money at interest, § 12, 200; deposits in savings banks, $24,553; stock in trade, $37,200; ; ; ; ; from summer tourists, estimate, professional business, $ 160,000 $ 12,000. Churches and Schools. Methodist, Rev. Joseph Hawks, pastor. At North Conway, Baptist, Rev. P. J. Chapin, pastor; Congregational, Rev. D. P. Eastman, pastor Episcopal, Rev. S. H. Hilliard, rector. There are nineteen schools in town average length for the year, fourteen weeks. " North Literary Institution. Conway Academy, W. H. Bates, ; ; 1 ' principal. Hotels. Conway House, Grove Hotel, Pequawket House. At North Conway, Kiarsarge House, Sunset Pavilion, McMillen House, Washington House, North Conway House, and Interval House. These Hotels are all fine buildings, and all do a good business through the summer. Each proprietor tries to excel to make their guests feel at �121 CONWAY. home, while under their hospitable roof horses are always at the command of travelers to convey them to any of the many attractive points in and around Conway. — nearly through October, but the two great months are July and August, when fully three thousand people are stopping here, so that North Conway may well be called Hfe KIARSARGE HOUSE. The Kiarsarge House and elegant is a new hotel, erected during the year 1872, and has accommodations for three hundred guests. It is delightfully located in the very heart of the mands fine A village, views in and comall direc- band of music is engaged for each season, and with a daily arrival of one hundred to one hundred and fifty persons, a lively and animated scene is presented at all times of the day and tions. fine evening for in addition to its own guests, it is made an exchange or centre where guests from the other ; hotels, are sure to who may meet friends either be stopping tem- porarily, or passing through the place, on their way to the moun- tains. With the present railroad facili- ties for reaching this point, there no doubt but it must become one of the most popular resorts in is Visitors begin to come here as early as May, and remain the State. the Saratoga of the mountains. Daniel Foster obtained a grant of this township, October 1st, 1765, with the condition that each grantee should pay a rent of one ear of Indian corn annually, for the space of ten years, if demanded. The first settlements were commenced here in 1764, '65 First Settlements. and '66, by James and Benjamin Osgood, John Dolloff, Ebenezer Burbank and others. First Ministers. iel Rev. Nathan Porter, D. D., Congregational, settled here in 1778, dismissed in 1815. North by Chatham by the State of Maine south by Eaton and Madison, and west by Madison and Albany. Area 23,040 acres. Improved land, 9,965 acres. Boundaries. and Bartlett, east ; Seventy-two miles from Concord, and twenty-five north from Ossipee. Railroads. "Portland and Ogdensburg, 11 and " Great Falls and Distances. north-east �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 122 Conway" to this Railroads, are completed the first from Port- town ; from Portsmouth. These two roads, when completed, land, the latter will make Conway a great railroad the soil is and bonds, $3,600 $35,016; est, banks, mechan- $172,664; from ical labor, $8,000 ; ; money in stocks money at inter- deposits in savings $26,516; stock in trade, $4,500. center, Churclies CORNISH. and ScJwols. churches, four viz. There are Episcopal, W. B. T. Smith, rector; Methodist, Elder B. P. Spaulding, pastor. At Cornish Flat Baptist, Rev. H. C. Leavitt, pastor Con- This town with the exception of that part which lies on the river. The soil is fertile, well cultivated, and adapted to the growth of wheat, Rev. corn, oats, barley, grass and fruit. There is but one other town in the pastor. county which produces as much wheat and fruit. Capt. Chester Pike has the best farm-house in the year, seventeen weeks. Sullivan County. is hilly, Minerals. Good lime stone occurs in various locations. Crystals of red oxide of titanium have been found. Jewelers value these crysthe highly, name ; gregational, Rev. C. sell them under Venus hair stone." and of " On Bryant's brook, silver ore has been discovered. Also, spruce-yellow paint is obtained in considerable quantities. River and Streams. Connecti- cut River waters the western border of Cornish. A fine bridge spans town Vermont. the river and connects this with Windsor village, There are several small streams which afford some water power. Employments. Agriculture is the general pursuit of the people. Several farms are under a high There is state of cultivation. but very little manufacturing in town. (See table of manufactories.) Resources. Cornish is one of the most wealthy towns in the county, and its resources are principally derived through farming. The annual value of the productions of M. Palmer, There are fifteen schools Average length for the in town. The Connecticut River Hotels. Union House. This town was granted to Rev. Samuel McClintock and sixty-nine others, June House ; at the Flat, First State. tals : 21, Settlers. It 1763. was first settled by emigrants from Sutton, Massachusetts, in 1765. First Ministers. Rev. James Welman (Cong.) settled in 1768 dismissed in 1785. Rev. Joseph Rowell, ordained in 1800 dismissed in 1828. Rev. Ariel Kendrick, (Bap.) ordained in 1801. Episco; pal society formed in 1793. North by Plainsouth by Claremont, and west by Windsor, Vermont. Area, 23,160 acres. Boundaries. field, east by Croydon, Distances. Twelve miles north- west from Newport, and fifty miles north-west by west from Concord. Railroads. Sullivan Railroad, seven miles from the village of Cornish Flat, passes through the town. The nearest depot, from which there is a public conveyance to Cornish Flat is Claremont, ten miles, the terminus of the Sugar River Railroad, and Lebanon, ten miles, on the Northern (N. H.) Railroad. �CROYDON CROYDON. moist and produces valuable crops. Mountains. Croydon Mountain extends across the western part of the town, and is the highest elevation in Sullivan County. Rivers and Ponds. The north branch of Sugar River crosses it in a south-westerly direction, and affords some of the best water power there is in the county, though at the present time but very little improved. The Sugar River Railroad passes within five or six miles of this valuable water power, and no doubt within a few years much of it will be improved by valuable mills of various kinds. There are several ponds, the largest of which are Long Pond, Rock Pond, Gov- and ernor's Some Spectacle of these stored with Ponds. Employments. Croydon is considered a farming town, and for years it has enjoyed the reputation of furnishing the best qualities of butter and cheese of any town in the county. About 200,000 feet of lumljer is annually sawed. Also a mill to manufacture Excelsior. Annual value of agme- ricultural products, $82,475; chanical labor, $3,000 deposits in savings banks, $28,225. ; Schools. Area, 26,000 acres. Forty - four miles Distances. north-west from Concord and six from Newport. Railroads. Six miles to the depot at Newport, on the Sugar River Railroad. DALTOIV. Coos County. The western and southern part of this town is hilly. The soil on the high land is fertile and easy of cultivation, producing fine crops of wheat, &c. Rivers and Ponds. Connecticut and John's rivers are the principal rivers. Fifteen Mile Falls in the Connecticut commence in this town and flow rapidly along its north-western border. There are also several large brooks; the whole affording many There are seven schools town; average length for the year, ten weeks. First Minister. Rev. Jacob Haven ordained in 1788. First Settler. Samuel Chase and in others in 1763. Boundaries. North by Grantham, east by Springfield and Sunapee, south by Newport and west water fine Blake's Pond lies in the south-east part, and was named privileges. for one of the is ponds are well fish. Resources. 123 by Cornish. Sullivan County. This town is hilly, uneven and rocky, but the soil is DALTON. considerable There first settlers. lumber in this town, of a good quality. Employments. Agriculture is the prevailing business of the people, but many are extensively engaged lumbering business. Over lumber are annually produced, and 125 tons of starch annually manufactured. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $80,900 from mechanin the 3,500,000 feet of ; ical labor, $12,200; value of stocks in public funds, $10,300; hand or its money on at interest, $7,500 in savings banks, .$29 trade, $1,665. Summer ; deposstock in ; tourists, $3,000. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational Church, no pastor, Nine schools in town; average length for the year, seven weeks. Hotels. Summer House, brook House. Rose- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 124 lumber are annually sawed, and 200,000 last blocks made. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $85,226 from mechanical labor. $8,600; stocks, bonds and money on hand or at interest, First Settlers. Moses Blake and Walter Bloss were the first settlers. Blake was a noted hunter and the moose which frequented the pond called hy his name often fell by the fatal ball from his unerring rifle. The town was incorporated No- feet of vember 4, 1784, and received its name from the Hon. Tristam Dal- posits in savings banks, $41,019. ton, a grantee. First Minister. North by Lancasand Whitefield, east by Whitefield, south by Littleton, and west by Lunenburgh, Vermont. Area, Boundaries. ter 16,455 acres. miles south through this town, crossing the Connecticut River near the village. Stages connect daily to and from the Churches and Sclwols. Baptist, Congregational, Christian, Rev. J. R. Phillips,, pastor. There are ten schools in this town average length for the year, fourteen weeks. ; ; First Settlement. ment made First Summer House and the depot, all trains. ated June settle- in 1771, in the south- east-part of the town. Eight from Lancaster, and one hundred and twenty-five miles north-west from Concord. Railroads. The White Mountain Railroad passes through the town. When completed the Portland and Ogdensburgh Railroad will pass with $20,350; stock in trade, $5,140; de- ; William Hutch- inson, settled in 1833. Distances. ; 18, 1795. It Incorpor- was a part of Alexandria. Boundaries. North by Grafton and Alexandria, east by Alexandria and Hill, west by Wilmot and Grafton, and south by Wilmot. Area, 19,000 acres; area of im- proved land, 12,422 acres. Distances. Sixteen miles south- west from Plymouth, and thirty north-west from Concord. Railroads. The Northern Railroad passes through the town near south-western border. At Danbury depot the trains wait five minutes for refreshments. its DANliURY. Grafton County. This town is in the southern part of the county and form of a diamond. and uneven, although some interval. The soil DANVILLE. lies in the It is there hilly is many portions is good. Fine crops are produced, and the people are prosperous and happy, notwithstanding other statements. in Rivers. Smith's River ly stream of any note. is the on- Employments. The people are engaged in farming. There is a large tannery, which annually produces leather to the value of $25,000; some 500,000 principally Rockingham County. Dan was formerly a part of Kings ton. The soil is light and the surface uneven, but in some porville tions of the town, excellent crops are produced. Rivers and Ponds. Squamscot River passes through the northwest corner of the town; Long and Cub Ponds, are the principal bodies of water. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the peo- �DEERFIELD. pie, or we might say it is about 125 pine and hemlock are the oak, equally divided, between farming principal kinds of wood. and manufacturing. Over 100,000 and shoes, are annually lumber feet made; 2,500,000 This town Ponds and Rivers. contains several ponds, well stored sawed, besides coopering, black- partly in this smithing, and various other trades. (See Tables). Productions of the Resources. water. pairs boots soil, $ 18,400 $24,500; ; mechanical labor, money at interest, $7, 500; deposits in savings banks, in the State, $3,100, out of the State, $35,000; stock in trade, $8,500. Churches and Schools. F. Baptist, Rev. P. S. Burbank, pastor; Methodist, Elder Joseph Hayes, Four schools in town, pastor. average length for the year, thirtyseven weeks. Jonathan SanFirst Settlers. Jacob Hook, and others settled between the years 1735 and 1739. Incorporated February 22, born, 1760. First Ministers. Rev. John Page, settled 1763, died in 1782. Boundaries. North by Fremont, east by Kingston, south by Kingston and Hampstead, and west by Sandown. Area, 7,000 acres im; Thirty-three miles south-east from Concord, and ten south-west from Exeter. DEERFIELD. Rockingham Countt. Deerfarming town in the county. The surface is uneven, but the soil is fertile, and there are many fine farms under a high state of cultivation. The orchard products are annually valued at $ 12, 000, and are exceeded by only one town in the county, and but three in the State. Rock maple, white maple, beach, birch, white and red field is the largest Pleasant fish. Moulton's Pond, in the account is noted on of its having no visible inlet, and its waters are supposed to be supplied by a subterranean passage. west part, The outlets of the pond run finds its way in One stream opposite directions. to the ocean through of the Merrimack River, and the other through the Piscataqua. A branch of Lamprey river, passes south and south-east the channels through the town. Mountains. The principal eleva- Pawtuckaway, between town and Nottingham, Saddleback (see North wood), and Fort Mountain, in the west part. Near tions, are this Mount Delight, in the west part of the town, is a natural formation in the rock, which has for over ninety years been known as the " Indian On the east side of the a natural flight of stone steps, by which persons may easily ascend to the top of the rock. Agriculture is Employments. the principal industrial pursuit of the inhabitants, ranking as the Camp." camp, proved land, 2,900 acres. Distances. Pond lies town and partly in Northwood. This pond is noted for its fine, sandy shore, and clear with is town first in the county, and fifteenth in the State, in its value of agriculture productions. The manufacture of boots and shoes is carried on quite exten- much of the stock being brought from out of the State, to be made up. The number pairs annually made is estimated at 230,000 There pairs, valued at $280,000. sively, are large quantities of lumber �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 126 annually sawed—2,500,000 feet of Thomas moderator, Simpson, and Samuel Leavitt, John Robinson, and Eliphalet Griffin, boards, 60,000 clapboards, and 500, 000 shingles, are the annual pro- clerk, ductions. Selectmen. Among the early set- from summer tourists, $2,500. Baptist, Churches and Schools. Rev. H. C. Walker, pastor; P. W. Baptist, Rev. Ira Emery, pastor; Congregational, no pastor. There are fifteen school districts, and fourteen schools in town. Average length for the year, twenty weeks were Josiah Prescott, John James, Nathaniel Weare, David Haines, Samuel Tilton, Jeremiah Eastman, and Thomas Jenness. This town was a favorite resort for deer, and while the petition for a charter was pending, a Mr. Batchelder and Josiah Prescott killed a fine deer, and presented it to Gov. Wentworth, and he granted the charter under the name of Deerfield. During the French and Indian wars, the in- amount of money annually appro- habitants lived in garrisons, but priated for school purposes $2, 178. 78. F. P. James, Esq., a wealthy no serious injury was ever experienced from the savages. It is well authenticated that Major John Annual production Resources. of the labor, soil, $178,518; mechanical $ 57, 900; money at interest, $52,600; deposits in savings banks, $82,729; stock in trade, $7,762; banker in New York, and a native of this town, is at the present time (1873,) erecting a fine and substanschool-house in his native school district, at an expense of over $3,000, and will endow the tial district with a permanent fund tlers, Simpson, of this town, fired the gun, on the American side, at the battle of Bunker Hill. Col. Stark instructed the men in his line not to fire a gun till the British had arrived at a certain point first be annually appropriated for the designated by him, which was within forty paces of the AmeriBut, when the red can works. coats had advanced to within the distance the major (then a private) called a good shot for a deer, he could not withstand such a good chance, and fired, and dropped his benefit of the public schools, man. sufficient to give the scholars of the district all the school advantages that can be obtained in any town or city in the State. The late Hon. Richard Jenness, of Portsmouth, donated to the town $5,000, the interest of which is to addition to the by law, in amount authorized to be raised for the school purposes. Hotels. Glenwood, Parade, Ex- change, Centre. First Settlers. The first settlers On this the along the whole ber The first (town) meeting was holden this parish in Samuel Leavitt. Cram, was chosen at the house of Wadleigh 1756. commenced line. When Simpson was reproved for disobeying orders, he replied, he could not help firing when game, which he was after, came within gun Major Simpson died Octoshot. were John Robinson, Jacob Smith, Isaac Shepard and Benjamin Batchelder, fii'e 28, 1825. The names of town, who 18 persons, from died in the revolu- tionary struggle for independence, 48 persons gave are preserved. up their lives, in the late re- �127 DEERING. bellion, maintain the to Summer becoming quite a resort ists. many From its Union. Deerfield Resorts. many is for tour- elevations, views of the surrounding country can be obtained. There are but few pleasanter farming towns in the State. Rev. Timothy First Minister. tine Upham (Congregational), ordain- ed in 1772; died in 1811. A Free- Church was formed will Baptist here in 1799. Boundaries. ; 21,846 acres. Thirty miles north- west from Portsmouth, twentytwo north-west from Exeter, and eighteen miles south-east from Concord. Railroads. Candia and Ray- mond are larger por- engaged in Employments. About farming. 700,000 feet of lumber are annually (See tables.) Resources. soil, produced. Productions of the $98,846; mechanical labor, and money $4,100; stocks, bonds, deposits in savings banks, $45,569; stock in at interest, $14,700; trade, $4,500. CMirches and Schools. CongreRev. Morris Holman, pastor; Methodist, Rev. L. W. gational, North by Northwood, east by Nottingham, south by Candia and Raymond, and we^t by Epsom and Allenstown. Area, 28,254 acres area improved land, Distances. The tion of the people are the nearest points to At the north-west part of the town Epsom Station, on the Suncook Railroad, would any railroad. be the nearest point. DGERIIVG. is favorable to the several purposes of agriculture. Ponds and Streams. were the first in settlers, 1765. The name was given to this town by Hon. John Wentworth, in honwhose name, before It was marriage, was Deering. incorporated Januai-y 17, 1774. First Minister. Congregational, established in 1789, Rev. William Sleigh, ordained in 1801, dismissed or of his wife, in 1807. Hillsborough County. This town is diversified with hills and The soil is strong and valleys. productive, and pastor. Deering Academy, located at Deering Centre. There are eleven schools in town. Average length for the year, seventeen weeks. Appleton House. Hotel. Alexander First Settlement. Robinson and William McKean Prescott, Dudley's Pecker's, and Fullon's ponds are the principal bodies of water. The two former are the soui'ces of the north branch of the Piscataquog River. The town is well watered by small streams, which afford some good water privileges. Minerals. In the north part of the town, is a mine of Plumbago. North by HillsBoundaries. borough and Henniker, east by Weare, south by Francestown and Bennington, and west by Antrim. Improved land, 12,963 acres. Twenty-three miles Distances. south-west from Concord twentytwo north-west from Amherst, and eighteen miles north-west from Manchester. Railroads. Connected by stage, three times a week, with Oil Mills, 12 miles, on the Manchester and North Weare Railroad Hillsborough Bridge, four miles, is the ; ; nearest railroad station. The �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 128 Hillsborough and Peterborough Railroad will pass through the western part of this town, when completed. DERRY. one of the best townships in the county for agriculture. The soil is strong, productive and well culis The tivated. inhabitants are not- ed for their industry, wealth and general intelligence. Some over a mile from Derry depot is located Derry village on elevated ground, and commanding a fine view of the surrounding country. It is a delightful village and is a great resort for summer tourists. Beaver Pond Ponds. in this a fine sheet of water, nearly surrounded by gentle rising town is hills. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants. Shoe business is carried on quite extensively, nearly Employments. made. by H. R. Underhill; ribs for loom reeds, Benjamin Chase; 400,000 shingles and 500, 000 feet of boards annually sawed. 190,000 pairs being annually Edge $ 141,268; $75,800; money principal. condition. Banks. Derry National Bank; Derry Savings Bank. (See tables.) First Settlement. This town was formerly a part of Chester and Londonderry. Incorporated July 2, 1827. North by Auburn Boundaries. and Chester, east by Sandown and Hampstead, south by Salem and Windham and west by LondonArea of improved land, derry. 12,120 acres. Distances. Eighteen miles southwest from Exeter and twenty-five south-east from Concord. Manchester and Railroads. Lawrence Railroad passes through the south-west section of the town DIXVILLE. Much of this Coos County. town is in its primeval state, but being cultivated. somewhat rocky and rugged, but there is some very little surface ; ; in trade, $24,506. The resources town show that it is in a flourishing condition in its various branches of industrial pursuits. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. Robert Haskins, pastor; Methodist, Elder A. E. Higgins, east. There are eleven schools in town; average length for the year twenty-four weeks. Rail- at the depot. The $ 43,600 stocks and bonds, $21,840; deposits in stock savings banks, $ 150,401 of this Sanders' Hotel; Hotels. way House, very tourists, §8,000; These Institutions are popular and are in a flourishing mechanical labor, summer E. L. Taylor, pre- Pinkerton Academy has a fund of $ 20,000, Mr. G. T. Tut- Productions of the at interest, Adams ceptress. tools Resources. soil, $4,200, Miss tle, Derry Rockingham County. Institutions. Literary Female Seminary has a fund of of it is good land. Streams. This town is watered by numerous streams, affording some fine water privileges. Dixville Notch. This Notch is a remarkable gap, in the mountains. It is through this pass, teams go from Errol to Portland, and it may be regarded as one of the most remarkable exhibitions of natural scenery in the State, and is hardly surpassed in grandeur by the fa- mous Notch, of the White Moun- �DORCHESTER ains. It is evident, that so inter- —DOVER. mont and 129 the course of the Con- when more necticut river, for several miles, known, will draw a portion of the numerous visitants of the picturesque scenery of New- can be distinctly seen. Farming is the Employments. general occupation of the inhabi- Hampshire. tants. esting a spot as this, fully town was Gen. Timothy Dix of This Settlement. granted to Boscawen, in 1805. The Dixville Notch and Dixville road were named for him. He was father of Gen. John A. Dix, the present governor of the State of New- York. Boundaries. North by Clarksville and grant to Gilmanton academy, east by Dartmouth college grant and Wentworth's location, south by Millsfield and Odell, and west by Columbia, Oolebrook, and Area, 31,023 acres. Forty miles north Distances. from Lancaster, and one hundred and seventy-six north from Con- Stewartstown. cord. Grafton County. The of Dorchester is districts, surface but the soil is strong, fertile, and produces good crops of corn, wheat, potatoes &c. The Rivers and Mountains. south branch of Baker's River, a Pemigewasset and Rocky Branch Rivers, pass through this town, affording some excellent water power. The intervals along tributary of the Baker's River are very fertile, yielding excellent crops of hay. Church, Island, and Mc ditchers ponds, form the head waters of the Rocky Branch. Little, Norris, and Smit's ponds are the headwaters of the Mascomy. Stuart's Mountain, lies partly in this town, and from its summit a charming and extensive view of the surrounding country is obtained. The green hills of Ver- and ten schools in town average length, for the year, eleven weeks. Benjamin Rice First Settlers. and Stevens March from Hanover, This settled here about 1772. , ers, rocky and uneven, is 2,400,000 feet of ; boards &c, 500,000 shingles and about 17,500 bushels charcoal are annually produced. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, soil, $71,174; $19,800; stock in trade, $5,935; deposits in savings banks, $ 5,860. ChrisChurches and Schools. tian church, C. W. Nelson, pastor; Freewill Baptist, G. W, Jesseman, pastor. There are twelve school town DORCHESTER. The lumber business quite extensive forfeited its first by failing to required. The to 72 persons, fulfil 1, chart- conditions was granted third May two 1772. Boundaries. North by Wentworth, east by Groton, south by Canaan, and west by Lyme. Area, 23,040 acres. Improved land, 9,531 acres. Distances. Fifty miles north- west from Concord, and twentythree south from Haverhill. Connects twice a Railroads. week by mail coach at west Rumney, on the Boston Concord and Montreal railroad. DOVER. Strafford County. A city and county seat of justice. It was the second place in New-Hampshire where the English set their feet permanent settlement. In no section of the State, can be for a �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 130 found so dense a population, with such a variety of villages, fertile farms and fine country scenery, as within a radius of ten miles around Dover. Passing through the city or vicinity in any direction, the traveller finds no steep and rugged mountains, nor sterile plains, but occasionally ascends gentle swells of land from the height of which the eye meets some delightful object a well cultivated field, wind- — ing streams, forests and picturesque villages are seen on every In the southern part of the side. neck of land extending about three miles between the Piscataqua River on one side and Bellamy or Back River on the city is a The road, from which the land gently descends toward the water on either side, presents an extensive and delightful view of other. bays, islands, and distant moun- The area of territory is small, comprising less than 3,000 acres of improved land, but the soil is excellent, producing fine crops. Rivers. Cocheco (or Ouocheco) River has its source from several small streams in New Durham, which unite in Farmington, whence the river passes through Rochester, receiving the Isinglass, and thence through Dover where joins the waters of the Salmon Falls River, the principal tribu- About mouth of the tary of the Piscataqua. three miles from the Cocheco, and where the tide water meets the fresh, is a heavy fall in the river of thirty-two and a half feet producing an excellent water power which improved by the Cocheco Manufacturing Company. Bellamy Bank River takes a Cocheco as the City. town its Dover Falls. the third city or is in the State in the value of manufactured productions, the fourth in population, and the fifth wealth. The city proper is located around the Cocheco Falls, and is the seat of extensive manufacturing and trade. The river in crosses Main Street, and is spanned by a wide and handsome bridge. The streets are wide, and many of them beautifully shaded, while the private residences are built on spacious grounds, affording lawns and gardens. The fine City Hall a fine brick building, and located near the center of the city. Many is of the business blocks are large tains. it through the city, and joins with waters which form the Piscataqua. There is a good- water power on this stream, which is generally Vessels of light burimproved. then come up the Cocheco, as far is south-eastern course and expensive buildings, and have a metropolitan appearance. There are in the city forty schools, ten churches, one academy, six banks, five weekly newspapers, four hotels, between eighty and ninety stores of all kinds, twelve lawyers, thirteen physicians, five dentists, seventeen hundred dwellings, and about 9,500 inhabitants. There are a number of expensive church and the school buildings by those of any edifices, are, not excelled city in the State. Manufactories. Dover has been many years, for its ex- noted, for tensive cotton print works, and the staple or uniform quality of the goods produced also for its extensive sale boot and shoe manu; factories. The Cocheco Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1812, �DOVER. amended charter the and went 1821, in into operation in 1822. 131 and machine shops, $60,000; marand soapstone, $15,000; besides ble business of this company is divided into two departments. In one is the manufacturing of cotton print cloth, and in the other is printing calico. The first depart- photographers, tin workmen, harness makers, blacksmiths, carpen- ment does not produce two thirds of the number of yards of cloth that is printed. The number yards of cotton cloth wove is 16,000,000 timated at $2,051,000, employing 1484 males and 982 females and children, who annually receive for annually, and valued at $1,240,000. ^he number yards of cloth printed ducing manufactured goods to the value of $7,352,900. Resources. Agricultural productions, $55,648; mechanical labor, $ 1, 120,000 engaged in professional The is 31,340,000, valued at $3,447,400. In 1870 they printed 18,000,000 yards at $2,000,000—this shows the rapid increase of their business. The number of hands employed, in both departments, is 502 males and 687 females and children. F. A. & J. Sawyer, woolen mills, manufacture flannels and other woolen goods. Value of goods produced They employ eighty-eight males and sixty-nine in 1870, $340,060, females and children There are eleven sale boot and shoe manufactories, with a capital of $400,000, employing 655 135 men and boys, women, annually making and 1,150, ters, painters, masons, and various The other professions. tal total capi- invested in manufactories their labor, is es- and pro- $1,120,000, ; service, trade, transportation. 855 persons, $513,000; &c, stocks, &c, $209,375; money at interest, $190,360; stock in trade, $717, 620; deposits in savings banks, $1,203,307. Churches and Pastors. Freewill Rev. I. D. Stewart; C. Baptist, Rev. W. T. Chase Christian, Rev. J. G. T. Colby; Methodist, Rev. O. H. Jasper, Presiding Elder of Dover District Rev. C. W. Millen, pastor Congregational, Rev. George Spaulding; Episcopal, Baptist, ; — ; 000 pairs of boots and shoes of every description, valued at $1,580,000. R sv. man The Freewill Baptist printing establishment has a capital of $80,000, mond, and employs 12 males and 12 females. Value of productions in 1870, $70,519. There are also manufactured sand paper and glue hore. $125,000; floor oil cloth, $60,000 clothing, $75,000 hats and caps ; $20,000; baker's sash, blinds carriages of bread, $20,000 and doors, $40,000 kinds, all $50,000 lumber sawed, $30,000; newspaper and job printing, $35,000 meal and flour ground, $45,000 illuminating gas, $30,000 leather tanned, $25,000; brick, $30,000; foundry ; ; ; J. B. Richmond, rector; Ro- Drum- Catholic, Rev. C. J. Brown priest; ; Unitarian, T. W. Universalist, Rev. J. Cre- There are forty schools which thirty are gradAverage length of schools for ed. the year, 'thirty-six weeks. There are 907 male and 980 female scholSchools. in town, of ars. Sixty-five per cent, of this number regularly attend school through the year. Total amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $20,937.29 value of school houses and lots, $140,000. H. P. Warren is the principal of the High School. Franklin Acad; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 132 (See Belknap) "sent their boats further up the river to a neck of land called Dover Enquirer, Newspapers. Dover Gazette, Morning Star, Lo- by the Indians, Wennichahannat, but they named it Northam, afterwards *Dover. This settlement was commenced in 1623. For emy is located in this city. tables.) Record, (See tables.) cal in Foster's Democrat. The first newspapers published Dover were the Political Reposi- tory and Strafford Record, commenced July 15, 1790 discontinued ; January 19, 1792; Phenix, from January 25, 1792, to August 29, 1795 Dover Sun, commenced September 15, 1795. Banks. Strafford National Bank, Dover National Bank, Cocheco National Bank. Total capital invested, $320,000. County of Strafford for Savings, Dover Five Cent Savings Bank, and Cocheco Savings Bank. Total amount of de; posits in savings banks, $2,399,258. (See banks.) 87. American House, NewHampshire House, Kimball, and Hotels. Franklin House. All these hotels The American and New-Hampshire are the largare good houses. est. First Settlements. The first set- tlement of Dover was commenced at what is now known as Dover Neck, a point of land extending about three miles, between the Piscataqua on one side, and Bellamy Bank, or Back River, on the other; the extreme point being about four miles from the city proper at Cocheco Falls. An English company, styled the "Company of Laconia," sent out an expedition to establish a fishery around the mouth of the Piscataqua. A por- tion of this expedition landed at or near Portsmouth, while the rest, under command of Edward and William Hilton, fish mongers of London (as we quote from Dr. many years it included the princi- pal part of the population of the The meeting house and was surrounded with entrenchments and flankarts, the remains of which are not town. was first built here, entirely obliterated. Edward Hil- ton obtained a deed of the land occupied by himself, and included within the grant Dover, Durham, Stratham, and part of Newington and Greenland.! For a number of years the town was under no provincial authority save their own municipal laws. In 1640 a written instrument was drawn up, and signed by forty-one persons, agreeing to :ibido by the laws of England, and those enacted by a majority of their own number. In 1641, the town voluntarily put under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, and remained so till 1679, when a commission was itself issued New-Hampshire and John of Portsmouth, was the first forming into a royal province, Cutts, From president. this date up to some contention whether this first named Dover and afterwards Northam, and sometimes Cocheco. It might have been so, for there was a continual wrangle with the clergy, some of whom did not prove themselves above reproach, and some of these disputes were on Buch frivolous questions. This was prior to 1642. *There point was f There is is but little doubt that this is a mistake — that part of Durham, Stratham or Greenland; but Hilton's purchase included no now called Dover and a portion of Newington on the opposite side of Piscataqua river. The whole of his purchase did not exceed an area only that part of Dover Neck or Point, of 3,500 acres. See early settlements, page 3 �133 DOVER. it was under various provingovernments, with a continual wrangle concerning jurisdiction and authority. In 1741 the final boundary between Massachusetts and New-Hampshire was estab- 1741 cial lished, thus giving the colonies of New-Hampshire a distinct gov- ernment, with Benning worth as Governor, Indians. This town, in ly settlement, much Wentear- was the scene of Indian warfare, and many its ing, June 27, 1689, Dover was the scene of one of the greatest Indian massacres which ever occurred in the State. It is stated, this bloody deed was committed more to revenge certain indignities, perpetrated on the Indians by Major Waldron, who was a resident and prominent man of the town, some thirteen years prior. By stratagem, he secured some at but, night, by unac- countable negligence, no watch was kept. The Indians were daily in town, visiting and trading with the inhabitants, as was usual but still they in times of peace had a vigilant eye on everything ; passing, and patiently watched for the convenient time to come to wreak its inhabitants were subjected to savage butchery, or long and cruel captivity. Thursday even- of retired their long-pent-up revenge. hints of this impending storm had frequently been thrown out by some of the squaws, but in such a way that no one could comprehend their full meaning. Some Some more cautious people, howhad fears that something wrong was intended by the savages; but Waldron, from his of the ever, long experience with them, scouted the idea. On the fatal evening, told, by a young man, that town was full of Indians, and the people were much concerned. He answered that he knew the Indians, and there was no danger. The plan which the savages had arranged, was, that two squaws he was the two hundred Indians, who had, at some times, exhibited some hostility towards the settlers. Through a form of trial, seven, who were considered the ringleaders, were immediately hanged, and the remainder were sold into slavery. should go to each of the garrisons, in the evening, and ask leave to lodge by the fire. They were admitted to all but the younger Coffin's garrison, who took himself for counsel, instead of Major Wal- The dron. this Indians abroad a breach of considered faith, and against him implacable revenge. On the Cocheco River, at Cocheco Falls, at the date of the massacre, were five garrison houses three on the north side, viz. Otis's,Waldron's and Heard's; on the south side, Peter Coffin's, and his son's. These houses were well built, and secured with stout doors, fastened with strong iron bars and bolts. To these houses the neighboring families usually swore — The squaws were even shown, at their request, by the credulous people, how to unfasten the doors, in case they should want to go out in the night. Mesandouit, one of the chiefs, went to Waldron's garrison, and was kindly entertained by him, and by such acts he was lulled into a sense of security which caused him a horrid death. When all had retired, and were quietly locked in sleep, the gates were opened, the signal given, and �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 134 the savage horde rushed into the respective garrisons, and com- menced their of death and work cruelty. Major Waldron, now advanced in life to the age of eighty years, awakened by the noise made by the Indians coming into his apartment, jumped out of bed, and with his sword, drove them through two or three doors; but, as he was returning for other arms, he was stunned by a blow from a hatchet, and dragged into the hall, and seated in an elbow chair, and asked " Who shall judge Indians now?' Other cruel indignities were inflicted on him, such as that they passed around him, and cut him across the belly and breast, with their knives, each saying "I cross out my account." By loss of blood he soon fell to the floor, and death ended his misinsultingly 1 After killing his son-in-law, Lee, pillaging the house ery. Abraham they took Lee's daughter, with several oth- and setting ers, and it on fire, left. Otis's garrison shared the He was same with several others, and his wife and child were carried away. Heard's garrison was saved by the barking of a fate. killed, were entering. Elder Wentworth pushed them out, and shut the gate, and held it till the people within were alarmed, and hastened to the dedog, just as the Indians house was surprised, but as the Indians had no enmity against him, they spared fence. Coffin's life, and the lives of his family, and contented themselves by pillaging the house. They then went to the house of his son, who had cautiously refused to admit the squaws, in the evening, and his him demanded to surrender, promising him quarter. He refused their offer, and determined to defend his house, till they brought his father before his eyes, and threatened to murder him. Filial affection broke his first resoBoth lution, and he surrendered. families were put into a deserted house, with the intention of reserving them for prisoners, but the Indians were so intent on plundering, they suffered them to make their escape. In this attack twenty-three persons were killed, and twenty-nine Five or six were captivated. houses, with the mills, were burned. This surprise was so adroitly planned, and so expeditiously carried into effect, that, before the inhabitants in other parts of the town were apprised, the Indians had made good their escape, with their prisoners and booty. In 1691, a party of Indians fired in the woods near the settlement. The Indians were pursued by a body of the and nearly all were citizens, either killed or wounded. In 1696, three persons were killed and several wounded and taken prisoners, as they were returning from church. In 1704, the people were waylaid as they were coming from meeting, and one Mark Giles William Pearl and Nakilled. upon a young man, ( were killed in and Jacob Garland shared In the the same fate in 1710. spring of 1711 and 1712, an attack was made on the town, and a Mr. In August, 1723, Tuttle killed. Mr. Joseph Ham was killed, and thaniel Tibbetts 1706, three of his children carried off It would require by the Indians. a large volume to fully detail aU �DOVER. the Indian murders and cruelties which have been inflicted upon the settlers of Dover, consequently want of space debars us from the attempt. and Church. First Ministers Rev. William R. Leveridge, Congregational, was the first minister who preached here, and, probably, the first ordained minister that ever preached the gospel in NewHampshire. For want of adequate early remained but and removed south. He was influenced to come here •through Lord Say, and commenoed his services Oct. next was Rev. The 1633. 10, George Burdett, who came among them in 1G34. He was elected Governor and was settled to preach in 1637, but being detected in some criminal made a precipitate province of Maine. acts, he the flight to A Congrega- was established in 1638, by one Capt. John Underhill, and put in charge of Rev. Hantional church serd Knollys, This 1639. in the First church was called Church, being the oldest but one New-Hampshire. He was followed by Rev. Thomas Larkman, in 1610. These two last men in proved themselves destitute of moral character, and were forced to leave the parish. The church being much oppressed by the bad character of 1642, called the Maud to the ministers, in pious Rev. Daniel become their pastor. This charge lie faithfully performed until his death, which occurred Then followed the Rev. in 1655. John Reyner, settled in 1657 died in 1669. Rev. John Reyner, his ; son, settled in 1671 ; dismissed in died in 1764. Rev. Jonathan dishing, settled in 1717; dis- ver, settled in 1711; 1715; missed in 1764. Rev. Jeremy Belknap, D. D., settled in 1767; removed to Boston in 1786, ami was settled there in 1787. Dr. Belknap was the celebrated died in 1676. Rev. John Pike, settled in 1681; died in 1710. Rev. Nicholas Se- histo- New-Hampshire. He died Boston, June 20, 1798. Rev rian of in Robert Gray, settled missed in 1805. two support,' he years, 135 Town and City. in 1787 ; Dover was dis- in- corporated as a town, October 22, 1641. A city charter was granted in June, 1855, and adopted September 1, 1855. The following persons have acted as mayors 1856, Andrew Pierce 1857, Thomas E. Sawyer 1858, James Bennett; 1860, Albert Bond; 1861, Alphonzo Bickford; 1863, William F. Estes; 1866, Joshua G. Hall; 186*, Eli V. Brewster; 1870, William S. Stevens. The population, at various dates, ; : is as follows: in 1777, 1,666; 1790, 1820, 1,998; 1860, 8,502 ; 2,871; 1850, 8,186; Ratable Assessed valTrue valua- 1870, 9,294. polls in 1872, 2291. uation, $5,917,089. about $9,000,000. Boundaries. North by Somersworth and Rollinsford, east by Saltion, mon Falls river, which separates from Maine, south by Madbury, and west by Rochester. Area of improved land 2,640 acres. Dista?ices. Forty miles east from Concord, and sixty-six north from it Boston. Railroads. The railroad faciliDover are excellent. The Boston and Maine Railroad which ties of connects Boston with Portland, passes through the centre the Cocheco, a branch of the Boston and ; Maine, runs to Alton bay, distant �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 136 nines twenty-five where in the north-west, it con- warm season, nects with steamboats running to all points on the Winnipiseogee with the Great and Conway Railroad for the White mountains. The Portsmouth and Dover Railroad, built lake, also connects Falls town. Average length of schools weeks. The Rev. Edward Sprague made a bequest of $8,000 for the support in for the year, twenty-four of public schools. He also left the $5,000, the interest of which town these to be applied to the support of an ordained Congregational minister, who shall statedly preach in Dublin. eleven miles. volumes. the in season of 1873, connects two old towns together, making the distance by rail, about DUBLIN. Cheshire County. The surtown is uneven, but is Social Library. Library, Settled by First Settlers. thew Thurston and others Incorporated March 29, 1817 Mat- in 1749. 1871. It face of this was the soil is strong, yielding fair crops of corn, oats, hay, &c. The inhabitants are noted for their Number Fairer, Congregational, ordained energetic spirit in business. June Streams and Ponds. Dublin is situated on the height of land between Merrimack and Connecticut Rivers; consequently its streams are small. Center Pond, about one mile in diameter, is the principal sheet of water. Mountains. A large portion of the grand Monadnock lies in the south-west part of the town. Breed's Mountain lies near the Baptist, ordained center. Employments. Agriculture is the principal occupation of the people. Three thousand, eight hundred boxes of clothes pins are annually manufactured. Lumbering and some small manufactories are carried on. Resources. of the soil, From productions $50,705; mechan- ical labor, $12,800 est, $21,532; $8,400 ; Money at inter- stocks and bonds, deposits in savings banks, $108,206; stock in trade, $6,400. ; Churches and Schools. Unitarian, G. M. Rice, pastor; Trinitarian, no pastor. There are ten schools Monadnock originally called Three. Ministers. First Rev. Joseph Rev. Elijah Willard, 10, 1772. June 5, 1793. Boundaries. North by Ilarrisville, east by Peterborough, south by Jaffrey, and west by Marlborough. A portion of Harrisville was taken from the north part of this town in July, 1870. Distances. Ffty miles south-west from Concord and ten south-east from Keene. Railroads. Peterborough Depot, six miles, on Monadnock Railroad. Stage on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. .VI .UK E£. Coos County. The IDH surface is rocky and uneven, but the soil is strong, and good crops of oats, potatoes produced. barley, and hay are Rivers. Androscoggin and Little Ammonoosuc cipal streams. Rivers are the prinIn the latter are the Pontook Falls. Employments. Agriculture is the principal vocation of the inhabitants. Over 400,000 feet of sawed �137 DUNBARTON. lumber, of 6a wed. all duced. rifles are Products of the soil, scythe 25,000 made. Productions of the mechanical labor, Resources. §36,865; soil, kinds, are annually Resources. $91,111; mechanical labor, $5. 100 money $1,000; stock in trade, $500. Schools. There are six schools stocks and average length for the year, ten weeks. savings banks, $100,306; stock in The town was Churches and Schools. Baptist, Rev. Samuel Woodbury, pastor; Congregational, Rev. G. I. Bard, pastor Episcopal, Rev. J. H. Coit, rector. There are eleven schools in this town; average length for the year, twelve weeks. Libraries. Episcopal Parish Library, 500 volumes. First Settlement. Mark H. Wentworth, granted to March cember 8, Incorporated De- 1773. 19, 1848. at bonds, $3,000; trade, $18,848. ; North by Millsfield and Erroll, east by Cambridge, south by Milan, and west by Stark and Odell. Area, 23,041 acres area of improved land, 2019 Boundaries. ; The First Settlers. acree. One hundred and Distances. deposits in interest, $11,200; of Dunbarton first settlers were principally de- sixty miles north from Concord, scendants of Scotch-Irish, so called from Lancas- from the fact that their -incestors emigrated from Scotland to Ire- and thirty north-east ter. Grand Trunk Rail- 1751, The town was land. road, near the south-west corner Railroads. proprietors. It DVNBARTON. town," in honor of the principal Merrimack County. There are many hills and no mountains in this town. The good. The situation is is ele- pure and the water soil is granted, in Stark, Caleb Page, and others, by the Masonian was called " Stark's of the town. vated, the air to Archibald of the best qual- proprietor. It received its present name from Dunbarton, in Scotland. The first settlement was made about 1749, by Joseph PutJames Rogers, William PutFoster. The town was incorporated August ney, and well adapted to the growth of corn, wheat and fruit. Some of the finest specimens of apples in the Oounty are produced here. Concord furnishes an excellent market for all the surplus products ney and Obadiah of the farmers, who are generally industrious and successful husbandmen. The people are noted for their wealthy and prosperous condition, as their resources will ton and Bow, east by Bow and Hooksett, south by Goffstown, and plainly show. from Concord. ity, Employments. are riculture. of The inhabitants engaged in ag700,000 feet of lumber, principally all kinds, are annually pro- 10, 1765. First Minister. Rev. Walter Harris, ordained August 26, 1789. Boundaries. North by Hopkin- west by Weare. Area 21,000 acres, improved land, 16,533 acres. Distances. Railroads. Nine miles By south daily stage to East Weare station, three miles, on the Manchester and North Railroad. Weare �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 138 DIRHAH. Strafford County. This town favorably situated on the Piscataqua and Oyster rivers, both as to water power and transportation, as tide water conies up to the falls, Oyster River a at the village. branch of the Piscataqua, takes its rise in Wheelwright's pond in Lee, and after running nearly its whole is course in Durham, furnishing several good mill sites, meets the water at Durham tide The river takes abundance found near of its its village. name from the formerly confluence with the oysters quite a resort for invalids and pleasure seekers, some forty staying there through the warm weather. Resources. Annual value of farm productions, 8108,133; manufactured productions, 8152,200 money in savings banks, stock and bonds on hand or at interest, 8139,800; ; from summer First tourists, 8 1,000. Durham Settlers. was originally a part of Dover, and was included in Hilton's grant,* but as the number of settlers increased, it soon became a distinct parish by the name of Oyster River. of the Piscataqua, runs through Before any settlement had been made by the white men, it was a famous rendezvous for the Indians, the westerly part of the town, over several falls well adapted for mill ment Piscataqua. Lamprey River, another branch then into the town of NewMarket, and meets the tide water at Lamprey River village in that town. Upon both sides of Oyster river there is a deep, rich loam, which is suitably adpated to the producsites, tion of grass of which heavy crops is an article of are cut, and hay export, there being over 1,500 tons sent to the Boston market annu- Good crops of corn, barley, potatoes, &c, are also raised. The town abounds in excellent granite, ally. which is a source of much profitable employment to the inhabitants. There is conManufactories. siderable manufacturing in town. One Paper Mill annually manu- factures 309 tons wall paper, valued at 869,365. Nut and Bolt manu- factory, annually manufactures 250 tons of nuts and bolts, valued at 840.000, eighteen thousand pairs of boots and shoes are annually made, valued at 822,500. Summer Tourists. Durham is and for many years after the settle- by suffered exceedingly it Indian depredations and murders. We append a few extracts giving accounts of their deeds of cruelty, which the first settlers suffered. In 1694, when a large part of the inhabitants had marched to the westward, the Indians who were dispersed in the woods about Oyster River, having diligently observed the number of men in one of the garrisons, rushed upon eighteen of them, as they were going to their morning devotions; and, having cut off their retreat from the house, put them all to death except one, who fortunately escaped. They then attacked the house, in which there were only two boys, besides the women and children. The boys kept them off for some time, and wounded sev- At length the Indians set fire to the house, and even then, the boys would not surrender till the Indians had promised to spare their lives. The latter, however, perfidiously murdered three eral of them. * See Dover. �EAST KINGSTON. or four of the children, one of whom they fixed upon a sharp stick, in the view of its mother. The next spring, the Indians nar- rowly watched the frontiers, to determine the safest and most vulnerable points of attack. The settlement at Oyster River was selected for destruction. Here were twelve garrisoned houses, amply sufficient for the reception of the inhabitants but, not apprehending any danger, many of the families remained in their unfortified houses, and those who were ; in the garrisons, were indifferently prepared for a siege, as they were destitute of powder. The enemy approached the place undiscovered, and halted near the Falls. One John Dean, whose house stood near the Falls, happening to rise very early for a journey, before the dawn of day, was shot as he came out of his door. now commenced on The attack all points, cruelties were perpetrated, when Major-General John Sullivan, of was a resident of this town, and died here the revolutionary army, Jan. trict On disasters are given in Belknap's val- uable history of New-IIanipshire, to which the reader is referred. a native of Judge of New-Hampshire. occasions, he proved him- all self the firm supporter of the rights of the country. The Hon. Ebenezer Thompson, Winborn Adams, and Hon. George Frost, were also residents of this town. The town was inCol. corporated, May 15, 1732. Rev. Hugh Adams, settled in 1718, dismissed in 1739; Rev. Nicholas Gilman, ordained in 1741, died in 1748; Rev. First Ministers. John Adams, settled in 1748, dis- missed in 1778 ; Rev. Curtis Coe, settled in 1780, dismissed in 1805. Boundaries North by Madbury, by Little and Great Bays, south by New-Market, and west by Lee. Area, 14,970 acres improved land, 9,948 acres. Distances. Thirty-five miles south-east from Concord, eleven north-west from Portsmouth and five south from Dover Railroads. The Boston and Maine Railroad passes through this town in a northerly and ; v southerly direction. the Indians, fearing that the inhabitants from the neighboring settle- ments would collect against them, retreated, having killed or captured between ninety and a hundred persons, and destroyed twenty houses, five of which were garrisoned. Minute accounts of these He was 23, 1795. Berwick, Maine, and was a distinguished commander during the war; was President of the State three years, and afterwards Dis- east where the enemy was ready. They entered the house of a Mr. Adams, without resistance, where they murdered fourteen persons, whose graves can still be traced. The house of John Buss, the minister, was destroyed, together with his valuable library. He was absent at the time, and his wife and family fled to the woods. Many other 139 EAST KINGSTON. Rockingham County. surface of this town is The somewhat uneven, but the excellent soil is well adapted to the cultivation of grasses and grains. Powow River, having source from ponds in Kingston, passes through the south-west part River. its of this town. �NEW-HAMPSniRE GAZETTEER. 140 Employments. Farming is the principal occupation of the inhab- crops of corn, potatoes, hay, &c. The soil on the plains is a sandy loam, and was formerly covered with an excellent growth of fair some of the farms being itants, under a high 96,000 pairs state of cultivation. womens shoes are annually made. There is also quite an extensive manufactory of stiffenings and inner soles, employing pine. Streams and Ponds. There are no streams of any note in this town. There are several ponds, of which Snell's Pond is the prin- twenty hands. 700,000 feet of lumber are sawed annually. Resources. Productions of the soil, $44,611; mechanical labor, cipal one. Minerals. quality is Iron ore of good found here also a vein ; $ 32,500 stocks and money at interest, $ 6,650 deposits in savings of sulphuret of lead banks, §3,750; inhabitants ; Employments. ; stock in trade, Nearly all of the engaged in ag- are There some lumber $9,415. riculture. Churches and SeJiools. Methodist, Rev. J. W. Sanborn, pastor. There are four schools in town; average length for the year, twenty-two weeks. Jeremiah Morrill, business carried on. Resources. Agricultural Esq., .$ bequeathed to 2,000, the interest of this ucts, is ; Churches and Schools. to be applied for the benefit of public schools in East Kingston. First fin, Incorporated, Rev. Peter Cof- length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks. William Settlers. ordained in 1739, W. and dismissed in 1792. , S. Merrill, Boundaries. North by Brentwood and Exeter, east by Kensington, south by South Hampton, and west by Kingston. Area. 3,445 acres of improved land. Forty-two miles south-east from Concord, six south from Exeter and twenty miles south-west from Portsmouth. Railroads. Boston and Maine Railroad. EATON. Carroll County. The surface of this town is uneven. The soil on the uplands is good, producing pastors. Robinson's Hotel. Hotel. First Settlers. Distances. Two Free- will Baptists, Rev. J. Fletcher and There are eleven school districts and eight schools in town. Average Abraham Smith. November 17, 1738. First Minister. prod- mechanical labor, $4.500 money at interest, $3,988 deposits in savings banks, $3,441 stock in trade, $2,500. town, which $92,614; is Eaton was grant- ed to Clement March and sixty-five others, November 6, 1766. It included the town of Madison, the whole with an area of 33,637 acres. First Church. A Baptist Church originally was formed in 1800. Boundaries. North by Conway, east by Broomfield, Maine South by Freedom, and west by Madison. Distances. Seventy - one miles north-east from Concord, and twenty-two north from Ossipee. Railroads. The Great Falls and Conway and Portland and Ogd ensburg Railroads form a junction at North Conway, ten miles distant. ; ' �EFFLNGIIAM Conway Cor- Six miles to depot at ner, on the Gt. F. & — ELLSWORTH. C. R. R. but a few years before the Revolution. Incorporated August 18, 1788. EFFSNfillAITI. Ministers. First Carroll County. The surface of this town is uneven, there being several mountains of consider- The able elevation. soil in some very good, and excellent crops of wheat, corn, oats and hay are produced. Rivers and Ponds. Ossipee River and a few of its tributaries are the only streams. Near Ossipee River is a pond four hundred rods long, and two hundred and seventy wide. Between Effiingham and Wakefield lies Province Pond. There are three small villages in town, with post-offices, viz. South, Center, and Effingham parts is Falls. Employments. Agriculture is the employment of the inhabitants. There are various kinds of manufactories in town, of which principal lumber, shoe pegs, bobbins, rakes, and grist mills are the principal ones. Agricultural Resources. ucts, $5,000 $93,306; : money prod- mechanical labor, at interest, $4,459; deposits in savings banks, $29.95; stock in trade, $5,900. ChrisChurches and Schools. Rev. J. M. Colburn, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. J. P. StinchMethodist and Confield, pastor There are gregational, nine schools in town; average length for the year, fifteen weeks. tian, ; . Hotel. Green Mountain House. Masonic Institution. Literary Institute, at the Center, J. M. Co- Settlements. Effingham was formerly called Leavitt's Town. The first settlement was Rev. Gideon Congregational, settled in 1803 died in 1805. Boundaries. North by Freedom East by Maine line; south and Area, 30,000 west by Ossipee. Burt, ; acres improved land, ; Sixty Distances. east from Concord, 9,025 acres. miles and north- five north from Ossipee. Railroads. Great Falls and Con- way ELLSWORTH. Grafton County. This is a romantic hamlet situated high up in a great basin among the hills, isolated from the rest of the world, and full of tarns, brooks and mountains. Ellsworth Pond, in the south-east part of the town, contains about one hundred acres, and affords a fine mill stream called West Branch brook. Moulton brook, from Warren and Buzzell brook flows into this pond. One of the three Glen Ponds is on the western boundary, and a portion of Stinson Pond on the south line. Stinson brook flows through the west part, and in the north part is Kineo brook and Hubbard brook, an affluent of Hubbard Pond, in Woodstock. Mt. Kineo, 3,557 feet high, so called from an Indian chief, is in the center, and Black hill, formerly a great place for moose, is in the valley between Mt. Kineo and Mt. Carr. In the south part is a portion of Stinson mountain. Indians. burn, principal. First 141 This basin was for- merly a noted resort of Indians who visited ing. it for the purpose of hunt- Relics of them have been �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 142 found on the shores of Glen ponds. Kineo, the chief, named from Eunnawa, meaning the bear, hunted on the mountain bearing his name. Ellsworth was First Settlers. granted to Barlow Trecothiek, May 1, 1769, and was called Trecothiek until 1802, ed. It when was it was incorporat- settled in 1792, by Col. station Rumney, is North by Woodby Thornton and Campton, south by Rumney and West by Warren. Distances. Fifty-two miles from Concord, and eighty-four from Portsmouth. Boundaries. stock, east Shortly after, Jonathan T. Downing, Aaron Straw, and Craige. Gideon The moved Hill, into town. inhabitants, although not very comforts of life, and are a contented, frugal, virtuous rich, enjoy the and happy people. First Minister. tist society 1820, and A Freewill Bap- was formed previous to Blake was the first Israel Employments. successfully ENFIELD. Grafton County. The Agriculture is carried on. Much maple sugar is made and considerable lumber sent to market. Clover seed in large quantities was formerly sold. Resources. Agricultural products, $20,800; mechanical labor, $1,700; stock in trade, $900. Churches and Schools. Freewill Baptist, no pastor. There are two schools in town; average length weeks. Summer Resorts. Ellsworth has always been a noted summer refor the year, six Hundreds of hunters, trappers and fishermen visit it every year, and the basin in which Glen sort. ponds are situated tourists each season. is alive with There are no spruce camp and the lodge of green boughs answer every purpose. Minerals. In the neighbornood of Stinson pond are numerous ores and minerals, and on some of the streams gold has been found. Railroads. The nearest railroad hotels, but the town surface uneven, but the soil is considered good, producing excellent crops of corn, wheat, oats, of the is hay and potatoes. On many of the and mountain sides are fine pastures for sheep and cattle. hills Enfield towns minister. six miles dis- tant. tiful is noted among northern for its diversified scenery, and beau- its rivulets, —the valleys and hills lakelets, hills cult! vated to their tops, and, in the western part, rising into a considerable elevation, knoAvn as Mount Calm, whose summits embosom a pond two thirds of a mile long and a third of a mile wide, and here and there sink down into quiet glens, fertilized by streamlets, and dotted with farm houses. East, Choate's, Jones, Shaker, Goodhue and George, are the names of the principal hills, and Mascomy Lake, East Pond or Crystal Lake, Spectacles, George, Mountain, and Mud ponds, are the principal bodies oi water/with mills at their outlets. Mud Pond is mostly in Canaan. Mascomy River, taking its rise in Dorchester, and running through Canaan, is a considerable stream, emptying into Mascomy Lake in the north-west part. From marks of a former shore running round it, and logs found a dozen feet below the surface of the plain, extending about a mile south, this �143 ENFIELD. and beautiful lake, four miles in length, the Peace, and of various breadths, would seem to have been anciently considerably longer, and some thirty Captain Richard Currier, whose it now is at high water mark, and its fall to have been caused by a disruption and lowering of its outlet in Lebanon. At its head it receives a brook running from George Pond through Centre Village, on which stream are mills and factories. The other principal brooks are Bicknell's, flowing into, and Johnson's, flowing out of, East Pond, on both of which are saw mills. At the foot bf East Hill, about two miles easterly from the head of Mascomy Lake, is East Pond or Crystal Lake, with its single islet, whose deep, clear water, about two miles in length and three-fourths of a mile in width, once abounded in salmon trout weighing from two to ten pounds, but which have been exterminated by pickerel, introduced into the pond about half a century ago. At the outlet of this lake is one of the best unimproved water privileges in the county. feet higher than Here was erected the first grist mill and store in the town. The village here was long known as Johnson's mills, but now as East village. It was once the centre of business of this and the adjoining towns. its first clothier, house, erected before 1800, is in possession 'of one of his grandsons. Villages. North Enfield* is one of the most enterprising and important villages in the southern part of Grafton County. It is located on Mascomy river, about one half mile from where it discharges its waters into Mascomy Lake. The river at this village produces some very fine water power, which is generally improved. There is one card printing and job office, large bedstead manufactory, two flannel and hosiery mills, one of the largest grist mills in the State, large tannery, lumber mill and various other small shops. These various manufactories employ about one hundred males and females, who annually receive for their labor about $40,000, and produce goods There are valued at $365,000. also six stores of all kinds, one hotel, two churches, one large graded school house, and about one hundred dwelling houses. The Northern Railroad passes along the southern border of the village, where there is a depot, telegraph and express office. At the Centre there is quite a pretty village, with considerable manufacturing. Here is one hosiery manufactory, carriage and sleigh manufactory, tan- two lumber Here stands the mansion of Judge Jesse Johnson, erected in 1803, and the occasional summer nery, x'esidence of his surviving children two and descendants. The old mansion house of Judge Johnson is now owned by his son, George W. mills, mai'ble office, Johnson, Esq., of Gasport, N. Y. And here also resided two of the town's eaidy and worthy citizens, George Conant, Esq., Justice of shop, grist mill, printing office and other small shops. There are also one good hotel, postone church, a large school house, and about fifty dwelling houses, some of which are very fine dwellings. The Hon, James TV. Johnson resides here, and has * stores, The post Eufield. office address of this village is �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 144 one of the finest country residences in the State. This village lies three miles south-east from North Enfield depot, and is connected with it by stage, twice, daily. At East Enfield there is a church, school house, saw mill, two or three small shops, and eight or ten dwellings. Shaker village is located on the south-western shore of Mascomy lake. This village is divided into what is termed three families, viz., North, Center or Church, and South families. The village is located about midway between the two extremes of the lake, and they own all the land on the lake for The plain two miles. where the village is situated is very narrow between the lake and neai-ly the hill (which rises quite abruptly), but the productive. is very rich and About twenty acres soil of their land, they devote to the raising of garden seeds, and botan- medicinal herbs. The hills afford some of the finest pasturage Every thing about in the State. their fai-ms has an air of neatness. Their cattle, horses and sheep are of the very best quality, showing, ic with all their peculiarities, that they are husbandmen whom it would be for the interest of every New-Hampshire farmer Their home farm 1,500 acres. to imitate. contains about Their buildings are modestly neat, and built more for convenience and durability, than beauty, although some of their buildings have an expensive appearance, which is the fact. In 1837, the middle family built a large stone building, four stories high, 100 feet long and 56 wide. It surmounted by a cupola, in which is a bell weighing 800 lbs. is Every stone in the building is mented and further fastened ceto- gether with iron trunnels. The whole expense of the building was $ 35,000. At the time of its erection, it was considered the most expensive building in the State, except the State House. It is deThere are voted to family use. some other very good buildings, among which is a large barn, the most convenient of any in the State. Their manufactures are not very extensive, but their goods are of the very best quality. They consist of knit goods, tubs, pails, brooms, and distilled valerian, &c. The annual value of valerian sold The estimated is about $4,000. amount of all goods sold annually, including garden seeds, is over $ 30,000. All of the families worship together, and are under one general board of Trustees. Their number is about 200. As to their religious creed, please see Canter- bury, and for their early settlement in Enfield, look at the early set- tlement of the town. greatest tragedies One of the which ever oc- curred among the Shakers in this town, was the murder of Caleb M. Dyer by one Thomas Weir, in 1864. their chief man in business affairs, and was extensively known throughout the Mr. Dyer was all their and noted for his business and honesty. Weir was an unprincipled fellow, and voluntarily placed his children under the State, tact, protection of the Shakers, but after his return from the war he wished to regain them. Weir was suffer- ed to see them once or twice, but he still called and insisted on havAt length his ing the children. frequent visits became a nuisance, and Mr. Dyer refused to let him �145 ENFIELD. see the children,* at an unseasonable hour, and as the children did not wish to leave their benefactors. Of course Weir was more irritated, and the next time came prepared to see the children or seek revenge. before, he was refused, and while Mr. Dyer was trying to reason with him, he drew his pistol and shot Dyer, the wound proving fatal in a short time. The loss of Mr. Dyer was deeply felt by the As Historical Society. There is a historical society organized in this town. The Town's Early History. In year following the conquest of Canada by England, which put a stop to the frequent murderous raids of the French and Indians from that quarter, upon the 1761, the outlying New-England settlements, preventing their extension northwards, a rush of emigration took business circles pleasure to know place in that direction from Massachusetts, Connecticut and South- expiating his crime under a sentence of thirty years and one day. He was 52 years of age when he ern New-Hampshire, the Governor of the latter State, having in that one year chartered 60 towns west and 18 east of the Connecti- committed the crime, which virtually makes it a life sentence. cut and Enfield, among them, July 4th, exactly 15 years before the Declaration of Independence. Shakers, and the all who had Weir him. is in the State Prison Employments. The people are generally employed in agriculture, manufactures are valuable, amounting to over $ 450,000 annually. but, as can be seen, the Productions of the Resources. soil, $125,460; mechanical labor, $54,300; stocks and bonds, $13, 900; money at interest, $49,550; deposits in savings banks, $ 77, 520; stock in trade, $40,000. Churjies and Schools. Congregational, Rev. V. J. Hartshorn, pastor; Methodist, Rev. C. II. Chase, pastor; Universalist, Rev. C. Hayford, pastor; S. Henry Cummings, There are Shakers, elder. 15 school districts town and average length for the year, 22 weeks; annual amount appropriated for school 16 schools in pui'poses, Hotels. Enfield, $ ; 2,420.73. Granite State House at and Mount Calm House at the Center. * It on good authority, that the wero opposed to leaving. One still remains with thew. two is girls stated, Enfield, in the charter spelled Endfield, named probably Enfield in Connecticut, after was grant- ed to 60 persons, all of whom, (except 10 who were doubtless the Governor's favorites, and resided in or near Portsmouth), were wellto-do inhabitants of Eastern Connecticut, and most of them of Windham County. The meetings of these proprietors, were held at inn of Amariah Storrs, at Mansfield in that County, the first twelve years, till December 1773, after which they took place in Enfield or vicinity. But two or three of the original proprietors, ever resided in town. The book containing their proceedings from December, 1773 to April 1781, has the been lost. The Governor in this, as probably in his other charters, secured to himself the lion's share —a select 500 acres, as marked on the charter map — and among other conditions, required, under penalty of forfeiture, that the proprietors �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 146 should " plant and cultivate " about 2,000 acres, in the first five years, a condition that, interested as many them were in the settlement of of new townships, they found themselves unable to perform. In other 1766, a few months before the five years expired, they dispatched Mr. John from Connecticut to Portsmouth, to apply " to the Governor and Council of New-HampSalter, shire, for a continuation of their charter, and also for an addition to and renewed their purchase, and compromises, succeeded in extinguishing the entire claims under the Relham charter, thus leaving the Enfield charter undisputed and ending the "War of the Charters," which had disquieted the town during eleven years and retarded its settlement. In 1775, 14 years after it was chartered, the population was but and probably there were not over 10 male heads of families. In the following year, only 13 male 60, said township," adults signed the Declaration of exertions to settle the township. But it should seem both their mis- Loyalty, none refusing. sion and efforts substantially failed ter difficulties, the population had about 100 two years afterwards, August 1768, the Governor and Council, In 1790, years after the close of the char- 11 for increased 8, families. treating the Enfield eharter as forfeited, re-granted " all that tract or parcel of land, known by the name of Enfield, to be known by the name of Relham," * to an entirely new set of 90 proprietors, most of whom resided in and And now around Portsmouth. began the " War of the Charters." The validity of each being stoutly asserted on the one side, and denied on the other, the consequence was, that titles under either were rendered uncertain and insecure, and feuds and collisions occured between the claimants Tinder the one, and those under the ther, in attempting to reduce to possession, and occupy the same land. This state of things was finally put an end to, mainly through the efforts of Jesse Johnson, Esq., who tion with other Enfield in 1779, in connec- owners under the charter, by equivalents, The to meeting house was and removed in 1848. first built in 1798, The first or 750, minister settled was the Rev. Edward Evans, in 1799, and dismissed in 1805. Origin of tlie Shaker Society. Tradition has it, that onef Wilf- The leading men of the Shakers, field at sion, in at En- the present time claim that this ver- every particular, is not correct. They claim that Ebenezer Cooley and Israel Chauncy, without voluntarily, Williams, came to invitation from Hartland, Vermont, and from thence, with one Zadock Wright, journeyed to Enfield, and called upon James Jewett, a resident of what is now called Shaker Hill, arriving September 1st, 1782, and the first Shaker meeting ever hebl in New-Hampshire was at the house of Asa Pattee, near In 1793, the frame of a Mr. .Tewett's house. church was raised on the west shore of Mascorny Lake, which house now stands, and is now occupied as a place for their public worship. The Shakers were not, in the early days, distinguished from others in their dress, and would not to-day, if the world did not yield to the calls of fashion. They now dress as every one did one hundred years ago. nnmed, probably, after some individual, as Relham or Rellian (it is spelled both ways) was not, at that time, the name ot any * So place. They also claim they have not changed in mode of worship, or their zeal but are same as they were eighty years ago. The world has changed to be more liberal in their just the ; �ENFIELD. liams, a convert to this modified Quakerism, then living in Grafton, a town joining Enliehl on the east, went to New-Lebanon, N. Y., and induced two of the preachers of the Shaker Society there, named Cooley and Chauncey, to return with him. We have the fact from a record made at the time, that on the 6th of September, 1782, these two men came to Joseph Flint's, Canaan, south road, and there preached; but gaining no adher- went into Enfield, and ents in that town, they adjoining the one, there succeeded in verts of some making con- of the and mechan- staid respectable farmers, and — and their families among were James Jewett, Ezekiel Stevens, Asa Pattee, Benjamin Merrill and Zadock Wright, living on Jones Hill, and the hill afterwards called after them, Shaker northerly side of Hill, on the Mascomy Lake. They remained on these hills, gaining some new beics whom lievers, about ten years, till about —when, effecting an exchange 1792 of land, they removed to the more they have ever since occupied, with large additions, on the southerly side of the same lake. For the first ten years, they were not by their garb distinguished from the " World's People," as they fertile spot their views, and are willing to allow classes the privilege to worship to their own consciences. all God agreeably This is their view of the facts relative to the Shakers and the world's people, as they stood eighty years ago in Enfield, and to-day. It is gratifying to have the Shakers allow that the world is progressing, and intolerant, as years ago, any improvement if is not as they do not claim in themselves. We are led to believe, however, that they, like all civil- ized people, have changed for the better, have more years ago. liberal views and than they had eighty 147 termed outsiders. Six years after their advent, they are called in tho town records of 1788, " Shaking Quakers," and the selectmen are instructed to petition the legislature, stating " their conduct, "and the situation risking for a like other of the remedy. new town, and At the sects, the start, Shakers were exceedingly wild, enthusiastic and extravagent in their beliefs and religious exercises. But after a time, they gradually settled down into the sober, temperate, and rational people they now are and long have been. They have always been remarkable for honesty and industry. Like the same sect elsewhere, they hold their property in common, take on themselves vows of perpetual chastity, rejecting even the institution of marriage, and make dancing a part of their religious exercises. William Wil- liams is said to be the person who introduced the two preachers. He was an honest, but eccentric man, who, after living many years in society, left it, and continued to reside near it with his son William, a man of wit and worth, deputy sheriff, land-surveyor, town clerk. The old gent died at an advanced age, many years ago. Notices of Early Settlers. Most of the early settlers of Enfield came from Connecticut, Haverhill and Chibano, a point near Salem, Mass., and Hampstead, Plaistow and South Hampton, N". H. Jesse Johnson, Esq., Johnson. was from Hampstead. He made purchase in Enfield in 1778, and in the next six years became the owner of nearly a quarter of tho township under its two charters. He passed much of his time in Enfield, superintending his first �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 148 the clearing of his land and erecting mills, from 1778 to March 1787, when he removed his family there, and resided there till March his 68th year. 11, 1800, in his death, In Enfield, he was made a magistrate and Representative, and discharged the principal town offices. Hon. Jesse Johnson, oldest son of the foregoing hy his first marriage, was born in Hampstead, The 1762. subject of this notice in 1779, in his 17th year, walked to Enfield, through the wilderness, to aid in clearing his father's lands. The year after he became of age, he was appointed Justice of the Peace, an office he held 32 years, his death; was Proprietor's Clerk, 30 years, one of the town's earliest land surveyors, its first magistrate and representative, a delegate to the convention that in 1792 formed the present State Constitution, Judge of Probate, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and in 1812, nominee of his party till for Congress. He died Sept. 23, 1816, in his 54th year. Gile. Johnson Gile, an exem- plary man, father of the late Daniel Gile, a gentleman of intelli- gence and worth, and grandfather of Bbenezer Gile, who occupies the homestead, of Dr. Aaron Gile, and of Mrs. Lydia (Gile) Conant, late wife of G. W. Conant, Esq., came to the town from Hopkinton, with his wife and two children, in and died there, March 14, 1790, aged 38. Bingham. Elisha Bingham was born in Windham County Connecticut, and settled in Enfield about 1772. Though illiterate, he seems to have been a man of good capa1779, city, his town name officer. often occurring as a He had a large fam- His son Elias, born Aug. 29, was the first male child born in the town, and his daughter Phebe, born January 7, 1778, probIn ably the first female child. 1787, Mr. B. removed, with his entire family, to Jay, Essex County, N. Y. Jonathan PaddlePaddleford. ford who has descendants in the town, was, if not the first, among the very first settlers. He came to Enfield with an adult family of sons and daughters, from Ashford, Windham County, Conn., where, as early as 1765, he purchased several pieces of land from the original proprietors under the Enfield ily. 1772, and removed between that year and to Enfield charter, 1772. He erected the second grist mill in the town, afterwards known as Fol- Mascomy Rivnear where the Shaker Mills now stand. He died, July 13, lansbee's Mills, on er, 1783. Capt. Nathan Bick- Bieknell. nell came to the town, with his wife and six children, in the spring of 1777, from Ashford, Conn., and resided east of East Pond, where his son Isaac after- wards Bicknell's lived. was named after Brook He died in him Enfield. Jachman. Samuel Jackman, the ancestor of the Endfield Jackman, was from Haverhill, Mass., and came to Enfield about when he bought 1779, there a full right of Jesse Johnson, Esq., on George Hill. Sanborn. John Sanborn, land surveyor, joined the Shakers, left them and committed suicide about 1788. He lived on George Hill. Kidder. Thomas Kidder came to the town, from Alstead, in 1786, �149 EPPING. with his wife and children, who were all of the Shaker church. He was the father of Jason, born in 1781, among man long a principal man the Shakers, and a gentle- of refined manners, good tal- ents and sterling worth. Merrill. came to the Joseph Merrill, Esq., town about 1795, from South Hampton, was Justice of the Peace, deputy sheriff, representative, &c. He was a man of enter- and much inlluence. Other early settlers before 1800. Archelaus Stevens, Joseph MarsJonathan Johnson, Peter tin, Johnson, Moses Johnson, Benjamin Merrill, Moses Rowell, Jacob Cochran, Capt. Asa Pattee, Theophilus Clough, Moses Jones, Jacob Choate, Levi Webster, John Johnprise son, half brother of Jesse. North by Canaan, Boundaries. husbandman gets a good return for his labor, both in his crops, and in the increased value of his farm. Lamprey River, flowRivers. ing from Deerfield and Raymond, receives the Pawtuckaway coming from Pawtuckaway pond, and runs through the whole length of the town from west to east, and north- —North River coming from Saddleback near mountain passes through Deerfield and Nottingham, and joins the Lamprey, in the north part of the town. The Lamprey furnishes some good water power. east Northwood Villages. On Lamprey River, in the southern center of the town, is located the village of Epping Corner. It is the seat of considerable Here trade and manufacturing. are three churches, two school two large shoe manufactowoolen mill, saw and grist houses, east by Grafton, south by Gran- ries, tham, and west by Lebanon. Area, acres; area of improved four or five stores, one hotel, post, land, 15,425 acres. telegraph and express 24,060 Fifty-nine miles (by Distances. railroad) north-west Northern from Concord, twelve south-east from Dartmouth College, and one hundred and thirty-one miles by The rail north-west from Boston. original distance by stage, was 42 miles to Concord and 105 to Boston. The Northern RailRailroad. road passes through the north-west corner of the town. EPPING. town is sur- moderately uneven, but the soil is generally good, and produces excellent crops of corn, oats, and hay. Many of the farms much care, are and other mechanical shops, office, and hundred dwelling houses. At West Epping are two stores, woolen mill, saw mill, postoffice and fifteen or twenty dwelling houses. About one mile north from Epping Corner is a fine street where fifty or sixty years ago the larger portion of business in tow was done. The large mansion houses, seen there now, plainly show that wealth and plenty dwelt about one there sixty years ago. On this Plummers, Ladds, and other prominent men who, in their day, were well known to the State, and many of them held restreet lived the Rockingham County. The face of this mills, cultivated with in such cases the sponsible positions in their town. State and nation. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agriculture, but manufacturing is an im- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 150 portant branch of industry. Over 280,000 pairs of sale shoes and boots are annually made, valued at $288,000 woolen goods are manu; factured to the value of $19,000; 58,000 shingles; 1,700,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed, valued at $19,900; 10,000 bushels grain ground, $10, There are also hub 000. mills, blacksmith shops, planing mill, Besides wheelwright shop, &c. distinguished citizens. He was a of the United States Senate from 1802 to 1807, President of member the State Senate in 1810, and chief magistrate of the State in 1812, 16, and 18. William Plummer, Jr., was a member of Congress from 1819 to 1823. He died September 18, 1854, aged 65 years. A CongregaFirst Ministers. 17, was tional society established in there are carpenters, painters, masons and butchers. (See tables.) Productions of the Resources. Rev. Robert Cutler was ordained pastor in 1747; dismissed in 1755 Rev. Joseph Stearns, ordained in 1758 died in 1788 Rev. $102,064; mechanical labor, Peter Holt, settled in 1793; dis- soil, $74,500; stocks, money $28,300; ings banks, $33,379 $39,125; summer and at interest deposits in sav; stock in trade, tourists, $2,500; professional business, $10,000. Churches and Schools. Congre- H. Stearns, gational, Rev. J. 100 members; value of church property, $ 3,000 son, rector; ; Episcopal, H. Fergu75 communicants; value of church property, $ 3,500 Methodist, Rev. D. W. Downs, pastor, 100 members; value of There church property, $2,000. are eight schools in town ; aver- age length for the year, nineteen weeks. Hotel. Pawtuckaway House, val- ued at $5,000. Epping was from which it was taken February 23, 1741. Its first settlement comFirst Settlement. originally a part of Exeter, menced with the early history of New-Hampshire, long before it was severed from Exeter. One hundred years ago it had rnore inhabitants than at the present time, having a population of over 1,500, being the fourth town in the county and the fifth in the State. Wil- liam Plummer was one Qf most its 1747. ; ; ; missed in 1821. Boundaries. North by Nottingham and Lee, east by Newmarket, South Newmarket and Exeter, south by Brentwood and Fremont, and west by Raymond and Nottingham. Area. 12,960 acres; area of improved land, 8,575 acres. Twenty-nine miles Distances. south-east from Concord, eighteen west from Portsmouth, and eight north-west from Exeter. Railroads. Concord and Portsmouth Railroad passes through the town, in an easterly and westerly Nashua, Epping, and direction. Rochester Railroad crosses the Concord and Portsmouth at Epping Corner. The Salisbury, Exeter and Epping Railroad will have its terminus here. With the growing railroad facilities, no doubt but Epping will increase both in wealth and population, within the next ten years. EPSOM. Merrimack County. The face of this town is sur- generally un- even. The soil is good and well adapted for grazing and grain. There are some very fine interval �ERROL. 151 of carried to Canada, from whence she returned after the close of the and Ponds. Great and Suncook Rivers are the They afford principal streams. some very good water privileges, many of which are not improved French and Indian war. There were never any serious depredations by them, beside killing a few farms, pi'oducing fine crops corn, oats, hay, &c. Rivers Little to their Chesnut, extent. full Round, and Odiorne's Ponds are the principal bodies of water in this town. Mountains. McCoy, Fort, Nats, and Nottingham Mountains are the most noted elevations. Brown oxide, and Minerals. sulphuret of iron are found in various localities. A valuable mineral for paint (Terra-sienna) found Arsenical here. argentiferous galena, and tite, also is pyrites, hema- associated with quartz crys- occur in several localities. Employments. The larger portion of the inhabitants are engaged tals, in agriculture. About 600,000 feet The cattle. people, however, were frequently frightened, and would flee to the garrisons in Nottingham, whenever an Indian alarm was given. Maj. Andrew of this town, Mc Clary, was a native killed at the bat- Bunker's Hill, June 17, In this battle he displayed great coolness and courage. When news of the battle of Lexington reached him, he left his plough in the furrough, and hastened to the battle field. First Ministers. Rev. John Tucker, ordained in 1761, dismissed in 1774 Rev. Ebenezer Hazeltine, ordained in 1784, died in tle of 1775. ; 1813. Productions of the mechanical labor, $6,400; stocks and bonds, $6,000; money at interest, $ 8,250; deposits in savings banks, $63,492; stock Boundaries. North by Pittseast by Northwood and Deerfield, south by Allenstown, and west by Pembroke and Chichester. Area, 19,200 acres. Distances. Twelve miles east from Concord. Railroads. Suncook Valley The Concord and Railroad. Railroad may pass Rochester through this town, east and west, in trade, $11,900. via Northwood. of lumber is annually sawed. A considerable number of the people are engaged in making wo- men's boots and shoes. (See tables.) Resources. soil, $92,492; Churches and Schools. Christian, Rev. B. Dickson, pastor; Congregational, Rev. F. H. Wales, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Joel Baker, pastor. Hotel. Suncook Valley House. First Settlers. Epsom was granted to Theodore Atkinson and others, May 18, 1727. It received its name from Epsom, in England. Indians. McCoy was August 21, 1747, Mrs. taken prisoner, and field, ERROL. Coos County. tions the soil is In some porgood, and fair crops of oats, potatoes, and hay are produced. Rivers and Ponds. In this town several considerable streams unite with the Androscoggin. this river, in Errol, a large of Upon amount money ha« been expended in dams and clearing the erecting �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 152 channel, for the purpose of driving logs from the upper lakes to market, through tho whole season. There are several ponds and small streams, which abound with trout. Agriculture is Employments. the principal employment of the There inhabitants. is but little manufacturing in the town. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, Boil, $20,929; $1,600; money at interest, $1,200. Dam House, Hotels. House, and Aker's House. Errol There are four schools Average length of schools for the year, eight weeks. First Settlers. Erroll was granted to Timothy Ruggles and others, February 28, 1774. Incorporated Schools. in this town. December 28, 1836. Boundaries. North by Wentworth's Location, east by Umbagog Lake and State of Maine, south by Cambridge and Dummer, and west by Millsfield. Improved land, 2,123 acres. Thirty miles north north-east from Lancaster, and one hundred and fifty-nine miles north north-east from Concord. Distances. EXETER. Rockingham County. Exeter half shire town of the county, and was the third town organized in New-Hampshire. It is situated on both sides of Squamscot river, which furnishes some valuable water power. is The erally surface of the level, town is gen- the soil quite good and well cultivated. Some of the ing their labor, with what they and their receipts at valued at $ 4,000, paid for labor $300 farm productions, $ 2,300, of which $ 300 was hired, $ 2,500, $ 5,068. 60 acres, ; for lumber. show This is sufficient to that farming, if properly at- tended to, will give a fair return for the investment, even in New- Hampshire. The town is watered Hirers. by Exeter River, by the Indians At the falls called Squamscot. the tide water is separated from Above the fresh. stream assumes the the falls the name of Great River, to distinguish it from one of its smaller branches, called Great River and its Little River. branches furnish some valuable water power, which is generally improved. At Squamscot falls and Village. at the head of navigation, and, by the course of the river about thirty miles from the Atlantic, is situated the large and beautiful village of Exeter. Here, near these falls, commenced the first settlement in town under charge of the Rev. John Wheelwright,* over two hundred and thirty years ago; and ever since that date, Exeter has been making a history for herself, the State and Nation, in her eminent men, her popular schools, her general improvements, and her fine and picturesque village, as honorable and as broad as any town of her size in America. Here are located two of the most popular literary country. best farms in the State are in this in the Acade- my was town. institutions Phillips Exeter lips, In 1870, a farm valued at $ 20,000 returned the annual value of production .$2,500, paying for labor $ 400. One $ 25,000, reckon- founded by Dr. John Phila resident of Exeter, and a charter was obtained from the leg* See note in other part of this tive to the " Wheelwright Deeds." work, rela« �EXETER. islature of New-Hampshire, April being the first charter granted by the State for an institution of learning. It has been, and is to-day, the most popular institution of the kind in the counThe light from this institutry. tion has reflected through such 1781, 3, national men, as Lewis Cass, Daniel Webster, John A. Dix, Edward George Bancroft, John and scores of other stars quite as brilliant, that we might mention if space would permit. Through the generous bequest of William Robinson, Esq., a native and former resident of this town, Everett, P. Hale, but who passed his latter years in Georgia, the Robinson Female Seminary was established in 1867. was opened for the reception 153 Tho wide and elm and maple. Some of the most ancient and largest elms in the State, are itants. streets are beautifully shaded with the in this village. vate Many residences are of the pri- among the most expensive in the State, while some of the business blocks have a metropolitan appearance. Many men do business in Boston fifty miles distant, and reside here, largely because of its superior school advantages, and other advantages not obtained in or near a large city. The highways leading from Exeter to Portsmouth, Rye beach, Hampton beach, Newburyport, Kingston, Epping and Dover are not to be surpassed by any like number in New-England. It is This bequest fourteen miles to Portsmouth, ten to Rye, nine to Hampton, fourteen sum of $250,000 which will make a permanent fund in all time to come. Thus far, the school has met with unbounded success. (See Literary Newburyport, six to Kingston, Epping and sixteen miles Exeter has furnished to Dover. her full share of public men both Two in the State and Nation. It of pupils, in 1869. amounted to the large to eight to governors, covering a Institutions.) There are eight church edifices, fifteen years; six school houses, (one a large high court, school building,) three banks, from forty to fifty stores of various kinds, Attorney three hotels, printing office, court house, county buildings, one of the finest depots in the State, one large cotton factory, one large brass machine shop, foundry, machine shop, carriage factory, potters' ware works, besides wool pulling business on an extensive scale, shoe making, harness making, monuments and marble works, tailors, milliners and various other trades common to a large New-Hampshire village. Their are also eight law- two dentists, many other professions and about three thousand five hunched inhab- yers, six physicians, years; space of six justices of the thirty-two generals, years; three thirty-seven six presidents of the sen- members of the U. S., house of representatives, two U. S., senators, and many other officers, both of State and Nation. The tide rises about six feet at Exeter and the river admits vessels of over 200 tons burthen. Heavy articles, such as coal &c, generally come up the river. Employments. The larger porate, six tion of the people are generally de- voted to manufacturing, mercantile and professional business. The Exeter Manufacturing Co. annually produce 3,600,000 yards cotton sheetings, valued at fine �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 154 There are other manulumber, $ 21,100 flour and meal, $ 15, 200; foundry, $30,000; machine shop works, $ 50,000 brass works, $ 40,000 carriages, $ 10,000 wool $ 450,000. factories annually producing ; ; ; ; pulling tin- $250,000; receipts, manilla and brown paper, $14,000; printing, $ 6,000 furniture, $5,000; gas, $7,500; ware, $ 14,000 ; custom boots and shoes, $ besides milliners, tailors, 3,000 black- smiths, carpenters, painters and other mechanical shops. many The total value of goods of all wool business, employing 251 males, kinds, including the is $ and 977,200, 135 females in its production. Resources. Agricultural produc- mechanical labor, $ 157,000; stocks and money at indeposits in savterest, $ 195, 100 stock in ings banks, $ 198,341 trade, $ 191,250, and professional tions, $ 84,000 ; ; ; Exeter, for many years, has been considered a wealthy town, but its citizens have had the reputation of contribbusiness, $100,000. uting as much money to assist in building western railroads and cities, as any town in the State, in wealth. It is to proportion to be hoped that its it has worked no material injury to their own town; but if it has not, it is an exception to the general rule in such cases. Churches and Schools. 1st. Congregational, Rev. Swift Byington, pastor church value, $ 35,000 2d Congregational, Rev. George E. ; ; pastor, value, $ 25,000 Unitarian, Rev. Benjamin F. McDaniels, pastor value, $ 14,000 Christ church, Episcopal, Rev. Street, ; Henry Ferguson, rector; $12,000; Baptist, Rev. Chase, pastor; value, value, John N. pastor; value $8,000; St. Mary's Roman Catholic, Rev. Charles Egan, priest; value, $3,000; Advent, no pastor, $ 1,500. There are fifteen schools in town, twelve of which are graded; average length of schools for the year, twenty-eight weeks number, ; of scholars, 409 boys, and 361 girls; total value of school-houses, $101, Total amount of money annufor school purposes, $17,062.74 or $22.15 to each scholar in town; the average amount for each scholar in the State, is $7.38. 000. ally expended The public school advantages in Exeter are second to none in the State, and perhaps in the United States. Literary Institutions. Phillip's Exeter Academy, Albert C. Perkins A. M., principal; Robinson Female Seminary, Eben S. Stearns, principal Exeter High School, Albin Burbank, principal. (See ; Literary Institution.) Exeter Town Libravolumes Private Libraries, Golden Branch, 1,500; Soule Branch, 500. There are twentyeight libraries in town of 500 volumes or more. Newspapers. Exeter News LetLibraries. ry, 3,500 ter. ; (See tables). Banks. National Granite State Bank, Exeter Savings Bank, and Union Five Cent Savings Bank. (See tables). and Hotels Eating Houses. Squamscot House, American House and Hoyt's House F. II. Hervey, ; C. E. Folsom's Eating Houses. First Settlement. The Rev. John Wheelwright, in 1629, (who afterwards was banished from the Colony of Massachusetts, by reason of $10,000; his peculiar religious belief called Methodist, Rev. Silas E. Quimby, Antinomian opinions; purchased �155 EXETER. of the Indians a tract of country a precipitate retreat, killing one between the Merrimack and Piscataqua, extending back some fifty person, The deeds of these lands signed by Fassaconaway, chief sagamore of the Pennacooks, miles. were on living three Merrimack, the of other chiefs tribes and in New England. The this section of consideration for these lands consisted in "coats, tles." In shirts, and ket- 1633, the authorities of Portsmouth and Dover, agreed with Wheelwright, that his proposed town at Squamscot Falls, should be called Exeter. No settlement was commenced however, until April 3, 1638, when Wheel- wright and others formed themselves, into a body politic, chose their magistrate, and bound themselves by vote to sacred obedience. In 1642, Exeter was annexed to Massachusetts and Wheelwright, by reason of his sentence, was compelled to flee from his new settlement, and from his brethren in the same religious faith — some time after this, he was restored to his former privileges, and was ordained at Hampton, in 1647, and preached there eleven years. The first settlers suffered more or another made in Exeter, by Indian depredations for many years. In 1675 one person was killed and less prisoner; in 1695, two person were killed. In 1697, the Indians had laid their plans to make a general massacre of the and a total destruction wounding another, and away one child. The guns were fired to frighten a few women and children, who had carrying gone into the fields after strawIn 1707, another person was killed; and in the spring of Stevens, William 1709, Samuel Moody and two sons of Jeremy Gilman were taken prisoners at "Pickpocket mills." In 1710, the Indians killed Colonel Winthrop Hilton, a meritorious citizen, with two others, and took two prisoners. Many others were killed or taken captives, and much property destoyed by these savage incursions. berries. The town as originally surveyed, comprised within its borders, Epping, New-Market, South NewMarket, Brentwood, Fremont, and All of these towns, Stratham. with the exception of Stratham, were formed into separate organIts popula- izations, prior to 1775. tion in 1775 was 1741. Exeter has, during its history, all contained periods of among its eminent and useful men. Hon. Samuel Tenney, General Nathaniel Peabody, Hon. Nicholas Gilman, General Nathaniel Folsome, Hon. Jeremiah Smith, Hon. John Taylor Gilman, Hon. George Sullivan, Hon. Tristram Shaw, Hon. John S. Wells, and Hon. John Sullivan, have filled high and honorable positions, both in the State and Nation. It has its citizens, who stand high in inhabitants, citizens to-day, of the town. They were concealed in the thickets near by, preparing for a vigorous attack. They were frightened from their designs, by hearing the reports of several guns, the estimation of their townsmen, and of the people in the State. which led them to believe they were discovered, and they made First Ministers. Wheelwright Rev. John settled in 1638, left in 1642; Rev. Samuel Dudley, ordained in 1650, died in 1683; Rev. John Clark, ordained in 1698, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 156 died in 1705; Rev. John Odlin Rev. settled in 1706, died in 1754 Woodbridge Odlin, dismissed in ; settled in 1743, 1776; Rev. Isaac Mansfield, settled in 1776, dismissed in 1787; Rev. William II. Howard boys and youths boots, brogans and shoes the number of pairs made exceeding that of any town in the State. There are 13 manuen's, — factories with a capital of $ 500,000 which employ nearly 1000 males and who annually receive for settled in 1790, dismissed in 1828. females, North by NewMarket and Stratham, east by Stratham, Hampton and Hampton Falls, south by Kensington and East Kingston, and west by Brentwood and Epping. Area of improved land, 3,675 acres. their labor about Forty miles southand fourteen west from Portsmouth. The Boston and Railroads. Maine Railroad passes through the town in a northerly and southerly direction. Trains stop at the station ten minutes for refreshments. The Epping, Exeter and Amesbury Railroad, will pass through here, school building, twenty-five or thir- when er in the place, so is poverty. Boundaries. Distances. east from Concord, constructed. FARUIINGTON. $ 500,000, and produce 1,300,000, pairs of boots shoes &c. valued at $ 1,700,000. Part of these shoes are bottomed in the adjoining towns. There are two banks, three church edifices, one large high ty stores of all kinds, ing office, two one job print- hotels, three livery post office, express and telegraph office, three lawyers, three physicians offices, one denstables, 1 tist's office, and about three hun- dred dwelling houses. It is a very pleasant and busy village, and, as idleness is a strang- Employments. Manufacturing, Strafford County. The surtown is broken and rugged, but the soil when properly cul- and mercantile trade are the principal employments of the inhabitants, although there are some very fine farms, and good farmers in the tivated yields fine crops town. face of this Rivers The Cocheco River pas- ses through the north-east part of the town affording some interval lands along its banks. Mountains. Blue Hill, or Frost Mountain, extends in a north and south direction neaidy through the town. Mount Washington, Monadnock, and hundreds of le-ss elevations, together with ships in Portsmouth Harbor, can be seen from its summit, in a clear day. Village. About one mile northwest from what is called the Dock, is Farmington village. The inhabitants are extensively engaged in the manufacture of men and wom- Productions of the mechanical labor, $ 504,000 stocks and bonds, .$ 10, 900; money at interest, $6,300; de posits in savings banks, $ 143,635; Resources. soil, $48,498; ; in trade, $ 55,300 sional business, .$10,000. stock ; profes- Churches and Schools. CongreRev. J. Smith, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. G. W. Park, pastor Methodist, Elder Tebbets, pastor; Advent, Rev. J. Smith, pastor. There are fourteen school districts, and eighteen schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, twenty- four weeks. Literary Institution. Farminggational, ; �157 FITZWILLIAM. ton High School, E. J. Goodwin, Principal— School Fund §3,000. Hotels and Ealing Houses. Elm House, Mechanics Hotel; and Bickett and Wedgewood Eating Houses. First was Farmington Settlement. originally a part of Rochester, but was incorporated as a distinct town December, First 1798. Minister. . Durham. Area, extensively quarried. The Employments. inhabitants of Fitzwilliam are largely engaged in manufacturing and stone quarrying. fifty Nearly one hundred and are employed in the stone men Over 3,000,000 feet of lumber is annually sawed 500,000 pails and 100,000 tubs are manufactured, besides carnages, sash and business. ; James Rev. Walker, Congregational, 1818. North by New Boundaries. Durham and Milton, east by Milton, State of Maine and Rochester, south by Rochester and Strafford and west by Strafford and New- improved lands, suitable for whetstones. Granite, of a superior quality, is stones, 21,000 acres; 5,440 acres. miles Thirty-five Distances. north-east from Concord, and eighteen north-west of Dover. Cocheco Railroad Railroads. passes through this town in a northwesterly and south-easterly direction. FITZWII.LIAltt. blinds, chair stock, &c. (See table of manufactories. There are two pleasVillages. ant villages in this town, which are the seat of considerable business. There are three church edifices, three school houses, two postoffices, savings bank, ten or fifteen stores of various kinds, and several The valuable stone quarhotels. ries, the extensive manufactories, together with the fine scenery in various sections of the town, which draw hither hundreds of summer tourists, every year, makes the future prospects of Fitzwilliam Cheshire County. The surface of this town is uneven, and the very encouraging. but suitably adapted for grazing. There is a considerable quantity of meadow land, which is very pi'oductive. Streams and Ponds. Camp and ucts, soil hard, Priest Brooks streams are the in town. Rockwood's and principal South, Sip's, Collin's Ponds are the only natural collections of water. Elevations. Near the Center of the town is a large hill, noted for the delightful prospect it affords. Gap Mountain, which, a distance, appears to be a part of the Monadnock, lies partly in this town and partly in Troy, On its at summit are found various kinds of Resources. Agi'icultural prod- mechanical labor, $53,606; including stone quarrying, $104, 000 ; stocks, bonds, and money at intei-est, $19,170; deposits in savings banks, $66,640 stock in taide, ; $15,225; from summer tourists, $8, 000; professional business, $18,000. Library. Fitzwilliam Public Library. Baptist, Churches and Schools. Rev. H. W. Day, pastor; Congregational, Rev. J. F. Norton, pas- There are Methodist, twelve schools average length for the year, twelve weeks. Hotels. Fitzwilliam, Cheshire, Sip Pond House, and Monadnock House. tor . ; ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 158 First Settlers. originally Fitzwilliam was " Monadnock called Number Four." The first settlement was made by Brigadier General Reed, John Fassett, Benjamin Bigelow, and others, in 1760. General Reed was a revolutionary pa- whose merits, as an officer, and a true man, will long be remembered. Incorporated May 19, triot, 1773. First Minister. Rev. Benjamin Brigham, Cong., ordained in 1771 died in 1799. Rev. Stephen Williams, settled in 1800 ; dismisssd in of this mountain covered with almost a solid ledge, affording a very extensive woods, the other view of the south-west. Minerals. In the easterly part of this town is a quarry of free- which has been extensively stone, wrought. It is of a color, and, when marble of Vermont. Specimens of rock crystal are found in the south part, and plumbago occurs Near the center of this Village. North by Troy and by Rindge, south by Royalston and "Wmchendon, Mass., and west by Richmond. Area, of Francestown. 26,900 acres. Distances. Sixty miles south- west from Concord, and thirteen south-east from Keene. Bailroads. The Cheshire Railroad passes through this town in a north-westerly and south-easterly direction. the the very pleasant village is It is neatly built, being wide, and, in places, beautifully shaded. streets many It is the center of considerable business from the surrounding country. There are several stores, one savings bank, one national bank, one hotel, &c. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants. About 600,000 feet of lumber are annually sawed also, ; FKANCESTOWN. Hillsborough County. The surface of this town is uneven and, in some parts, stony; but the quality of the soil is warm, moist, and very productive. some good interval. Rivers and Ponds. There is Haunted Pond. The two These two ponds principal fancy boxes, fancy writing desks, kits, pails, &c, are manufactured. Resources. Productions of the soil, $51,556; $9,800 money mechanical labor, stocks and bonds, $33,900 ; at interest, $8,300 in savings banks, $87,000 ; deposits ; stock in trade, $12,680; professional busi- south branches of Piscataquoag River have their rise in this town the largest branch from Pleasant Fond, and the other branch from are the water. in the north part of the town. town Bottndaries. dark greyish polished, resem- bles the variegated 1802. Jaffrey, east is is collections of Mountain. Crotched Mountain has an altitude of six hundred feet above the common in the center of the town. One of the summits ness, $10,000. Library. Home Circle Library. Literary Institution. Frances- town Academy, J. E. Vose, prin- cipal. Churches and Schools. CongreRev. H. F. Campbell, pastor. There are ten schools in this town average length for the year, twenty-one weeks. gational, ; Hotel. Francestown Hotel. Francestown de- First Settlers. �FEANCONIA. rived its name from Frances, the wife of Governor Wentworth. It was first settled by John Carson, a Scotchman, in 1760, and was called New Boston Addition. It was incorporate! June 8, 1 by 1772. its present name Mr. James Wood- bury was a soldier in French war, and engaged Gen. Wolfe when he was the siege of Quebec. He the old beside of killed at also be- longed to the company of rangers commanded by the immortal Stark. He died March 3, 1823. First Minister. Congregational, Rev. Samuel Cotton, 1773. Rev. Moses Bradford, settled in 1790; dismissed in 1827. Boundaries. North by Deering, and Weare, east by Weare and New Boston, south by Lyndeborough and Greenfield and west by Greenfield and Bennington. Area, 18,760 acres. Distances. Twenty-seven miles south-west from Concord, and twelve north-west from Amherst. Railroads. Stage passes through this town from Hillsborough Bridge to Milford. The Manchester and Keene Railroad will pass through this town. FRAA'COXIA. Grafton County. is Franconia considered one of the mountain towns in n< >rthernNew-Hampshire. Along some of the streams, there is considerable interval land, which is very fertile and productive, yielding fine crops of oats, potatoes, and hay. Large quantities of Maple Sugar are annually manufactured here. Str< urns and Ponds. Several branches of the Lower Ammonoosic have their rise in the mountain- ious tracts on the east. Ferrin's 159 Pond near " Notch " is the source of "Middle Branch," one of the principal branches of Peniigewas- Echo Lake, about one mile in length and three quarters of a mile in width, lies at tho foot of Mount Lafayette. It is almost set River. entirely protected, from violent winds.by lofty hills which surround it on all sides. The report of a gun fired upon its shores may be heard distinctly several times, thus imi- tating successive discharges of musketry. Scenery. The varied scenery in and around Franconia is not to be excelled in any section of the White Mountain district. No visitor has thoroughly finished his tour to the Mountains until 4e visits Franconia and views its natural curiosities. The Franconia mountain pass, presents to the traveler some of the wildest scenery in the country, and must ever remain as one of Na- where the grand and beautiful are so perfectly blended in its wild and rugged form. The " Old Man of the Mountain ;" " the Basin ;" " the Flume,' are all worthy of a visit from lovers of grand natural scenery. For a more particular description see "Notes on mountains in New-Hampshire. Summer Besort. Franconia has ture's curiosities 1 '' become quite a resort for summer about seven hundred persons- permanently board there through the warm season of the tourists, year, besides the transient visitors who are ing. constantly going and comThere are three hotels, besides seven or eight large summer boarding houses for the accommodation of visitors. Almost every house has a few boarders. There has been a large Iron Manufactory in successful operation for a number of years, �160 NEW-HAMPSnillE GAZETTEER. February but at the present time it is not doing others, any business. The ore which has supplied this manufactory has been taken from a rich mine, within the limits of the town of Lisbon. 250 tons of pig iron, and from 200, to 300 tons of bar iron were the an- The first ers, in 1774. nual productions of this establish- ment. Employments. Agriculture, and keeping summer boarders are the principal employments of the people. 280 tons of clapboards, starch, 150,000 410,000 shingles, and 14, 1764. settlement was made by Captain Artemas Knight, Samuel Barnett, Zebedee Applebee, and oth- Boundaries. North by Bethlehem, east by ungranted lands, south by Lincoln and Landaff, and west by Lisbon. Area, 32,938 acres improved land, 5,369 acres. ; Distances. Eighty miles (via Plymouth) north from Concord, and twenty-eight North-east from Haverhill. 1,45G\000 feet of boards, &c, are an- Railroad. White Mountain Rail- nually produced, besides bobbins, cabinet work, boots and shoes, road passes through Lisbon, the iron work &c. Resources. soil, (See tables.) Productions of the $68,428; $25,500 myhanical town adjoining on the west, dis- tant about five miles. FRANKLIN. labor, and money $18,675; from summer stocks, bonds, Merrimack County. $19,450; deposits in savings banks, In proportion to its population, Franklin is the most important manufacturing town in the State. It was $4,165; professional business, $10, formed from four towns, Decem- ; at interest, tourists, $120,000; stock in trade, 000. ber Churches and Schools. Baptist, Freewill There are Average length of . five schools. schools for the year, ten weeks. Hotels. Profile, Lafayette, and Valley Houses. The Profile House is the largest and the best patronized house in the White Mountain no uncommon thing have from four to five hundred guests at one time. It is enough to say that their accommodations are not suflicient for the demands made on them in region. It is for the house to the season of summer travel to the mountains. The other hotels are fine, commodious houses, with accommodating landlords, and have a fair patronage. First Settlements. The town was originally called Morristown, and was granted to Isaac Searle and 24, 1828, viz. a small portion of Andover, which bordered on south-western bank of the Pemigewasset River, a small gore of Sanbornton, lying between the Pemigewasset and Winnipiseothe gee Rivers; a portion of Northfield, bordering on the south side of the Winnipiseogee, and the east bank of the Merrimack River; and a portion of Salisbury which bordered on the western side of the Merrimack and Pemigewasset rivers, thus cutting off Andover from the Pemigewasset, and Sanbornton and Salisbury from the Merrimack. The whole area taken from these four towns, only formed a small township of about 9,000 acres. The soil, on the river, is generally sandy, but produces fine crops, when properly cultivated, �FRANKLIN. and some of the best farms may be found county The Webster farm tion in this in the town. lies in that por- which formerly belonged to The father of Daniel Webster removed to this farm and built the main house now Salisbury. There standing. now is (1873) growing in the front yard a large elm, which was set out by Daniel Webster, June when he was a 17, 1&73, boy. through an invi- given by the citizens of Franklin to the Webster Club of Boston, who were the old, tried friends of Daniel Webster, and tation to the Governor and Council, and members of the Legislature of New-Hampshire, and other people in the surrounding towns, there was a meeting at this old home- stead for the purpose of calling to mind the days in the past, Webster made his annual for his energetic efforts to establish this institution it and have Nathaniel Concord, Hon. located in Franklin. White, Esq., of Dexter Richards, of Newport, and many others, who will be hereafter mentioned, deserve commendation for their liberal donations of money to this humane work. officers of the home are making extensive improvements by erecting new buildings, etc. Pond. Webster Pond is situated near the Northern Railroad, in the Andover portion of the town. It is a beautiful sheet of water, and is much resorted to in the The summer months, parties. Judge Thomas, Hon. Geo. Hon. Peter Harvey of Boston, and Governor Straw and John H. George, Esq., of this State, were very interesting and impressive, and will long be remembered by those who had the sion by S. Hilliard, pleasure of hearing them. A few years ago this farm was purchased for the purpose of establishing an Orphans Home. It 1 in successful mith visit, The Hon. Judge Nesmith of Franklin, presided over the ceremonies of the day, and, on taking the chair, gave a short and touching biographical sketch of the Webster family. The speeches, made on this occa- now A. Mack as superintendent, has been very active for its success from the day of its inception. The citizens cannot give too much credit to Judge G. W. Nes- D. who when with invited friends, to the place of his birth, his boyhood haunts, and the graves of his father and mother. is 161 operation, under the immediate care of Rev. for pic-nics and Near the confluence Pemigewasset and the Winnipiseogee rivers, thus forming the Merrimack, is the large manufacturing village of Franklin. But few, if any, towns in the State have made such rapid proVillage. of the gress for the past fifteen years, in manufacturing, and wealth it having increased in each nearly one hundred per cent. The water power in this village, with one exception, is the best population, — and most The reliable in the State. principal manufactories are on the Winnepiseogee, which never fails, having as a reservoir the Winnipiseogee and Winnesquam There is an immense Lakes. power on both rivers at this point still unimproved. The principal manufacturers are the Winnipiseogee Paper Company, who manufacture book and �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 162 news paper, and annually produce tons of paper, valued at $625,000 the Franklin Mills, manufacturing fancy flannels, of the best quality for shirtings, annually 2,496 other professions, and over three hundred dwelling houses. Some ; of the business blocks are and some of the fine structures, in McCounel, belt scenery, ; ; $35,000; en, lumber mills, lacings, 1,100 doz- besides tin carriages, ware, stoves, blacksmiths, shoe shops, harness makers, marble works, printing, tailors, millinery, and other me- The chanical shops. total capital nvested in manufacturing in the Number of village is $1,145,000. males 329. employed, 478; females, Annual pay roll, $333,000. Annual production, $2,490,000. There are four church edifices. Two large school houses, academy, bank, from thirty to forty stores of all kinds, stables, two two livery telegraph and six lawyers, four hotels, express, printing offices, physicians, one dentist, various residences are the private producing 1,500,000 yards, valued at $750,000 the Franklin Woolen Co., manufacturing beavers, tricots, broadcloths, &c, valued at Walter Aiken, pro$400,000; ducing 55,000 dozen woolen hose, vamed at $192,500; A. W. Sulloproducing 45,000 dozen way, Shaker socks, valued at $150,000; Walter Aiken's machine shop, manufacturing knitting machine and other machinery, needles, valued at $50,000; Curtis & Lake's, wool pulling establishment, annuF. H. Aiken, al sales, $75,000. manufactures brad awls, saw sets, valued at $25,000; tools, &c, Sleeper & Hancock, door, sash, and blinds, $25,000; Stevens & Sanborn, machine shop, $6,000; Taylor & Co. foundry, $15,000; Jewell & Johnson, grist mill, grind 35,000 bushels grain of all kinds, valued at $30,000 Thomas county. the The best Northern Railroad passes along the western suburbs of the village, on a high bank, affoi'ding a fine view of nearly the whole village at a glance. Cemeteries. etery is The principal cem- situated on a plain about one hundred rods easterly from the village, considerably elevated above it, and is truly a delightful spot for the final resting place hold most dear. As said, "All is quiet yet, within the inclosure, the visitor, with a single glance, may behold the distant and gradually rising hills toward the west, and the puffing locomotive, with its almost endless train; while, a short distance below, is the union of the Pemigewasset with the Winnjpiseogee, and before of those we one has well around, and him the busy village with its —the whole and variety beauty, presenting a striking contrast to the stillness of the sacred grounds, and forcibly reminding him that there is but a step between the abodes of the living and " the city of the dead." The Sanborn cemetery is one mile east, and on a corresponding elevation, overlooking the village and the river. Both of these cemeteries belong to incorporated companies, and there are some fine and expensive monuments in their grounds. The Webster place cemetery is the oldest in town. In these grounds rest the ashes of the parents of Daniel Webster, and of others of his kindred. Another cemetery �163 FRANKLIN. on the river road, lies in the north part of the town. The prosperity of Franklin, like that of Keene, Newport, Rochester, Lebanon, Littleton and Farmington is owing largely to the enterprising own inhabitants, who invest their surplus capital for the spirit of its growth and welfare of their own town and do not seek investments in the West, and quietly wait for foreign capital to come in and build their workshops and mills ; while they stand ready to sell their corner lots at advanced rates. If people wish to have their own towns increase in wealth and population, let them invest their own surplus money in them, and foreign capital will surely come in and assist them in enter- their Christian, Rev. O. J. Waite, pastor. There are sixteen schools in town, seven of which are graded average length for the total twenty-two weeks year, amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, pastor; ; ; $4000.50. Literary Franklin Institution. Academy, Charles A. Jewell, prin- cipal. Libraries. Franklin Library Association, 1500 volumes Aiken ; Library Association, 800 volumes. Private libraries of 500 volumes or more Judge G. W. Nesmith, 1,500 volumes; Jonas B. Aiken, 500; David Gilchrist, 600 M. B. Goodwin, 4,000; A. F. Pike, 2,000; Daniel Barnard, 1,200; Rev. Dr. Savage, 1,500; Rev. O. J. Waite, : ; John W. Simonds, prise. 500; Employments. As can be seen in the foregoing, Franklin is a mercantile and manufacturing town; although in proportion to the area of improved land, its agricultural productions are as valuable as those of any town in the county. The amount of lumber sawed, of Na- thaniel Sanborn, 600. all kinds, laths, is 600,000 shingles and 800,000 and feet of boards, valued at S 1-2,000. The total value of goods of all kinds manufactured is (See tables.) Productions of the mechanical labor, $ 79,000 $2,498,400. Resources. soil, $334,800 ; ; stocks and money at in- terest, 61,700; deposits in savings banks, $123,057; stock in trade, $159,450; $ professional business, Franklin Savings Bank. (See tables.) Merrimack Jour- Newspaper. nal. (See tables.) Hotels. Webster Churches and Schools. First Baptist, Rev. J. F. Fielding, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. James Rand, pastor Methodist, Rev. J. Dearborn, pastor; Congregational, Rev. W. T. Savage, D.D., ; House and Franklin House. Boundaries. North by Hill and Sanbornton, east by Sanbornton and Northfield; south by Northfield, Boscawen and Salisbury, and west by Salisbury and Andover. Area, 9,200 acres; area of improved land, 7,376 acres. Distances. Twenty miles, by rail road, north from Concord. Railroads. The Northern Railroad passes through this town, from Concord, in a northerly and northwesterly 80,000. W. Bank. 1,000; direction. When from Franklin, to form a junction with the Montreal Railroad at Tilton, and thence to Alton Bay, their railroad facilities will be equaled by but few towns in the State. the railroad is built �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 164 FREEDOM. surface uneven, but the soil is well adapted for grazing and tillage. Hirer and Lakes. Ossipee River is the only stream of any imporis some excellent of which but very tance. The Ossipee factories, see tables.) Bank Valley Savings and here, is are there money at interest, pro- $ 6,225 deposits in savings banks, $13,918; stock in trade, $ 9,066 tourists, $ ; from sum- Mr. town. Stenchfield, W. Baptist, pastor; Hobbs, pas- There are ten schools in this Average length for the Freedom was formerly called North Effingham and was taken from Effingham, and Ossipee Gore, and incorporated by its present name, June 16, 1831. Boundaries. North by Eaton and Madison, east by Parsonsfield, south by Effingham, and west by Ossipee. Area of improved land, ; 7,847 acres. Distances. east Sixty miles north- from Concord, and ten north from Ossipee. Railroads. several other small streams, which some good water power. Loon Pond, in the north part is the principal body of water. furnish A Employments. large portion of the inhabitants are engaged in ufacturing carried on, is manwhich will be largely increased now Nashua and Rochester railroad the The the town. of boots and shoes annu- passes through number is 30,000 pairs; and 1,500,000 feet boards, and dimension timber is 30,000 shingles Carroll House. First Settlements. and theoretical farmers in town, and their combined practice has proved successful and remuner- tical ally manufactured, year, ten weeks. Hotel. the inhabitants industrious and prosperous. There are some prac- agriculture, but considerable 3,500. Churches and Schools. Christian, Rev. A. is River and Pond. The town is watered by Squamscot River and ducts, $67,402; mechanical labor, ; The County. generally level, and the soil of good quality. As a general thing the farms are well tilled, and surface ative. Agricultural Resources. tor. FREMONT. Rockingham several of various kinds, doing a fair business. Rev. When completed, the Ossipee Valley Railroad will pass through this town. located stores, mer Falls and Conway Railroad. It affords water privileges, Part of Ossipee little is improved. Lake lies in this town. The inhabitants Employments. are generally engaged in agriculture. There are some very fine farms in Freedom, under a high (For manustate of cultivation. $ 5,800 on the Portsmouth, Great station, The Carroll County. sawed, valued at $19,000; besides there are spokes, hubs, shoe boxes, and palm leaf hats produced. (See tables.) Resources. Agricultural produc- tions, $56,862: $21,500; mechanical labor, money at interest, $15, savings banks, $5,423; stocks and bonds, $4,400; stock in trade, $ 6,000. 865; deposits in MethoChurches and Schools. and Baptist are both supplied by transient preachers. There are dist By Express team Centre daily, eight miles to Ossipee four schools in town. Average �GILFORD. length of schools for the nineteen weeks. First Settlements. This was was formed from Brentwood, w:is originally a part of It was incorporated June Exeter. 22, 1764, the town and originally called Poplin, which July year, and changed The 8, 1854. first to Fremont, precise date of settlement is not known. Rev. Orlando Hines, was the first minister. North by Epping, Danville and Sandown, and west by Chester and Raymond. Area, 10, 320 acres; improved land, 4,449 Boundaries. east by Brentwood, south by Mountains. Suncook Mountain extends in a towering pile through its eastern portion nearly to Lake Winnipiseogee. The Winnipiseogee Villages. River, from the outlet of the lake to the bay, separates the town from Laconia. On this river, in its course of about two miles, are situated the two growing villages of Lake Village and Laconia (formerly called Meredith Bridge). The rapid growth of these two villages has nearly connected them, so that they now form one of the largest centres for manufacturing and mer- These towns of Gilford and Laconia, and are connected by bridges over the Winnipiseocantile trade in the State. villages are in the acres. Twenty-four miles Distances. south-west from Portsmouth, ten west from Exeter, and thirty southeast from Concord. GILFORD. Belknap County. Gilford is the shire town of the county it ranks in population the eleventh, in wealth the twentieth, and in the ; annual value of its productions, the fourth agricultural town in the of the town is uneven but the soil is generally very productive and under a high State. 165 The surface state of cultivation. WinnipiseoRivers, •Ponds &c. gee River washes its eastern border in its passage from Long to Winnisquam Lake, for a distance of nearly two miles, and affords water power in Gunstock and Miles the State. Rivers have their rise in Suncook Mountain and flow in a northerly direction into Winnipiseogee Lake. There are two ponds, Little and Chattleborough. There are two some of the finest gee River. Lake village is pleasantly situat- ed at the foot of Long Bay, which, at the Wiers, forms the outlet of Winnipiseogee Lake. In this village are several hosiery manufactories, a cotton and a woolen manufactory, the Boston Concord and Montreal Railroad repair and Machine shop, a large foundry and machine shop, Wardwell Needle Manufactory, knitting machine manufactory, Photographer, sawmill, &c. There are also twenty or thirty stores, four churches, one large hotel, savings bank, newspaper office, and about 2000 inhabitants. At Laconia village near Winnisquam Lake, are located the celebrated Ranlet Car Manufactory, several hosiery mills, woolen and cotton mills, sash and blind, iron foundry, machine shops, gas works and mechanical shops of various kinds common to a thriving islands in the lake belonging to this New town. are England five village. church edifices, There sev- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 166 eral school houses, Court House, three banks, one newspaper office, thirty or forty stores, two hotels, various professional offices and about 3000 inhabitants. Some of the public and business buildings are fine structures, and compare favorably with buildings of a similar character of any city or large town in the State. The streets are wide and lighted by gas and some of them very pleasantly shaded by which are many trees, behind splendid residences adorned with beautiful gardens and green lawns, and the generally thrifty appear- value of $120,000. Men and women's cotton and worsted hose, shirts and drawers annually manufactured, are valued at nearly $ 250, 250,000 10,000 clapboards; 000; shingles 3,575,000 feet of boards, together with the sash, blind and planing of boards are annually valued at $129,000. The total value of manufactured goods of all kinds, annually produced, is $734,000. (See Tables.) Productions of the Resources. ; soil, $247,290; mechanical money labor, &c, $28,700; interest, $22,600; de- stocks, $185,800; at sections ren- posits in savings banks, $230,989; ders this village delightful and attractive. The inhabitants of the two villages are earnestly discuss- stock in trade, $42,630 from tourists, $10,000; professional business, ance to be seen in all ing the question of forming three towns out of the towns of Gilford and Laconia and having these villages the centre of two of the towns. The arguments produced for such About a change, are plausible. four miles east from Lake Village In is Gilford village (or centre). this village store, is school a church, town house, house, post office, and some small mechanical shops. Employments. The employments forty or fifty dwelling houses, of the people are nearly equally divided between agriculture, on the one side, and manufacturing, trade and professional business on the other. About 3,000 bushels of wheat, 12,000 bushels of corn, 5,000 tons of hay, &c., are annually produced. The Boston, Concord and Montreal machine shops, annually turn off work in repairing, manufacturing cars, &c, to the value of $140,000. Two iron founderies and machine shops, annually produce loom castings, stoves, plows, cultivators, and water wheels to the ; $80,000. Summer Resorts. The delight- with the fine scenery of the surrounding country, cause many tourists to make their home in this town through the warm season, away from the ful villages, together noise, filth and impure air ot the large cities. Churches and Schools. 1st Freechurch, Rev. S. C. Kimball, pastor number of members, 140, church value, $10,000; 2d F. W. Baptist church, Rev. will Baptist ; Frank Lyford, pastor; number of members, 114, church value, $8, 000 3d F. W. Baptist church, Rev. H. Kimball, pastor; number of 160, church value, $10, 000; Calvin Baptist, Rev. K. S. S. members, Hall, pastor; number of members, 110, church value, $15,000; Advent, There are fourteen school districts, and seventeen schools in town; average H. B. Cutter, pastor. length of schools for the year, sixteen weeks. Total amount annually appropriated for school purposes, $3,015,55. �167 GILMANTON. MOUNT BELKNAP HOUSE. Hotels. Mount Belknap House, of agricultural products exceeded town in the State. The Laconia Hotel and Willard Hotel, Laconia Village. that of any surface is The the soil is Lake Village. total value of Hotels is $75, 000. This town was originally a part of Gilmanton, and First Settlers. was incorporated June 16, 1812. James Ames and S. S. Gilman made the first settlement in 1778. broken and uneven, but deep and fertile, and the farmers are well rewarded for their with good crops of wheat, corn, oats, hay and potatoes. It is well Rivers and Ponds. watered by Suncook and Soucook labor, some excellent Suncook River has its source in a pond on the top of one of the Suncook mountains, The 900 feet above its base. water of this pond falls into another at the foot of the mountain one mile in length, and one half rivers, which afford water privileges. Elder Richard Martin (F. W. Baptist) settled here in 1798. Elder Uriah Morton, ordained in 1808; died in 1817. Boundaries. North by "VVinnipiseogee Lake, east by Alton and Gilmanton, south by Belmont, and west by Long Bay and Laconia. Area, 23,000 acres improved land, this 18,728. about 500 First Ministers. ; Twenty-five miles north of Concord. Railroads. The Boston, Concord and Montreal passes through this town on its western border. The Lake Shore Railroad, if ever built, will pass through the northern portion of the town. Distances. mile in width; it falls into flowing through another, covering acres, from which it meanders through the town, re- ceiving several streams in its The Soucook River has source from Loon, Rocky and course. its Shell Camp Ponds, in the south part of the town, which are the only ponds of any note. Mountains. Suncook Moun- tains extending in a southerly di- G!L,MA^TTO.\. Belknap County. Gilmanton is one of the best farming towns in the county, and before Belmont was disannexed from it the value are in this town. highest peak is about 900 rection, The feet above the level of the sea. Porcupine Hill, is a remarkably abrupt precipice of granite gueiss and �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 168 mica slate rock, which form, by overhanging strata and deep ravines, a pleasant and favorite resort of the students of Gilmantheir ton Academy. Below this steep precipice, is a deep an'd shady dell thickly clad with dark evergreen foliage of forest trees, while the rocks are wreathed in rich profusion by curious and beautiful lichens or mosses. Quartz crystals of Minerals. considerable size are found near Shell iron Camp Formerly bog pond. was taken in large quantities from the bottom of Lougees Pond by means of long tongs. Summer Resorts. The numer- ous hills and valleys in Gilmanton produce considerable scenery which is romantic and beautiful, and has attracted the attention of many tourists who resort here in the warm weather, for recreation and health. Employments. Farming is the chief employment of the people although manufacturing is carried on to a considerable extent. 500, 000 feet of boards &c, and 420,000 shingles are annually sawed, also 90,000 pairs of boots and shoes are annually manufactured. There is one mill where plows and cultivators are made one rake manu; besides factory, 7,500 sides of leather annually tanned, valued at §33,700. $ Productions of the mechanical labor, stocks and money at in- 170,670 $ 33,400 $ ; terest, ; 33,606 ; banks, $81,189; $ $ $ deposits in savings stock in trade, from summer tourists, 9,000 from professional business, 6,900 spectable institutions in the State. was incorporated October It 13, R. E. Avery, principal number of students, 122; library contains 600 volumes. Hotels. Central House, (at iron works). Washington House, (at 1794 ; Academy). First Settlements. was granted sons, Gilmanton to twenty-four per- named Gilman, and 152 oth1727. The settlement May 20, ers, was delayed and interrupted by frequent depredations of the In- Benjamin and John Mudgand Orlando Weed with their dians. ett families settled here in December Dorothy Weed, the first white child born in town, was born Belmont here October 13, 1762. was taken from this town June 28, 1761. 1859. First Minister. Elder Walter Powers, ordained in 1786; dismissed in 1806. Rev. Isaac Smith, ordained in 1774; died in 1817. A Baptist Church was organized November 16, 1773, and the Congre- gational Church November 30, 1774. Resources. soil, Congregational, one Methodist, one Friends, one Freewill Baptist, one Calvin Baptist, and one AdEighteen schools; avervent. age length for the year, sixteen weeks. Academy. Gilmanton Academy is one of the oldest and most re- ; ; 18,000. Churches and Schools. There are seven churches in town, viz. two Northeast by Giland Alton, south-east by New Durham and Barnstead, southwest by Loudon and Canterbury, and north-west by Belmont and Improved land, 23,840 Gilford. Boundaries. ford acres. Twenty-five miles Distances. north-east from Concord, and eight south-west from Gilford. �GILSUM — GOFFSTOWN. 169 money Railroads. Ten miles, by daily stage to Tilton, on Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad, from Gilmanton Academy; and six $35,100; miles by daily stage to Alton, on the Cocheco Railroad, from Gilmanton Iron Works. When completed, the Suncook "Valley extension and Franklin and Rochester at interest, $9,550; gational, Railroad will pass through this town. GIL,SUM. Cheshire County. The sur- generally uneven, but the In many parts are soil is fertile. to be found fine arable land, free face is froin stone, and producing good deposits in savings banks, $58,193; stock in trade, $33,600. Churches and Scliools. CongreRev. H. Wood, pastor There are Methodist, seven schools in Gilsum average length for the year, ten weeks. First Settlers. This town was granted to Joseph Osgood, Jacob . ; Farmer and others, under the name of Boyle, December 8, 1752. It was re-granted to Messrs. Gilbert, Sumner, and others, by its present name, July 13, 1763. The first settlers were Josiah Kilburn, Peltiah Pease, Obadiah Wilcox, Ebenezer Dewey, and Jonathan Adams, in crops of grass and grain. 1764. River and Pond. Ashuelot River passes through this town, affording many excellent water privileges. Cranberry Pond, a small sheet of Rev. Elisha First Minister. Fish, Congregational, installed in water, lies in the north-east section of the town. Vessel Rock. In this town there is an immense bowlder which has received the name of " Vessel Rock." It appears to have been stranded upon a mica slate ledge, whither it was driven and deposited by a powerful drift current which swept over the country in ages long since past. In the winter of 1817, a large piece of this rock was split off from the mass by some external force. Employments. The employments of the people are nearly equally divided between agriculture and manufacturing. There are two woolen manufactories, whose manufactured goods are annually valued at nearly $100,000. 600,000 feet of lumber are annually sawed, &c. (See tables.) Productions of the Resources. soil, $52,145; mechanical labor, 1794 ; died in 1807. Boundaries. North by Alstead, east by Stoddard and Sullivan, south by Keene and west by Surry. Distances. Forty-six miles southwest from Concord, and nine north from Keene. Area, 9,456 acres. Railroads. Nine miles to Keene depot, Cheshire Railroad. GOFFSTOWN. Hillsborough County. Goffstown is considered one of the best and wealthiest farming towns in the county. The soil of the uplands is rocky in some places, but Back is excellent for grazing. from the river are extensive plains —not so rich in soil, but easy to cultivate, tilled, when and, producing properly fine crops. Rivers. The tributary branches of the Piscataquog River unite near the west line of the town, and run through the center in an easterly direction, falling into the Mer- what was for- rimack River at �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 170 merly called Piscataquog Village. Elevations. In the south-west part of the town are two considerable elevations, which bear the name of "Uncannunuc." Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agriculture. The surplus products of the farmers find a ready sale in the City of Manchester. Over 200,000 quarts of milk are annually sold. There is considerable manufacturing done. 85,000 window sash and 45,000 pairs of window blinds are manufactured annually 7,000 boys sleds made also over 2,000, 000 feet of lumber sawed. The total value of all kinds of goods annually manufactured is §189,000. (See manufacturing tables.) Resources. Agricultural prod; 1 ; mechanical labor, $64,100; stocks and bonds, $16,600; ucts, $160,860; money at interest, $7,200 deposits in savings banks, $215,422; stock in trade, professional $34,352; ; business, $10,000. The resources of Goftstown show the prosperous condition of its inhabitants. Churches and Sclwols. Congre- missed in Rev D. 1795. L. Mor- LL. D., settled in 1802; dismissed in 1811. Boundaries. North by Dunbarton and Hooksett; east by Hooksett and Manchester, south by Bedford, and west by New Boston and Weare. Area, 29,170 acres. Improved land, 10,606 acres. rill, Distances. Sixteen miles south from Concord, and twelve north from Amherst. Railroads. The Manchester and North Weare Railroad passes through this town. The projected line of railroad from Manchester to Keene will also pass through Goffstown. GO R HAM. Coos County. Gorham is one of the growing towns in Northern New-Hampshire, having increased in population from 224 in 1850, to 1161 in 1870, and is now the fourth town in the county in population, and in wealth the fifth. It is sit- uated at the northern base of the White Mountains, and much of its territory is rough and unproductive. Its prosperity must be Grand gational, S. L. Gerald, pastor; Methodist, E. Bradford, jr., pastor. There are fourteen schools in town Trunk Railway, which has ex- average length for the year, eighteen weeks. Hotels. New-Hampshire Cen- tensive repair shops here for the Eastern Division of their road; and as being one of the most pop- and Uncannunuc. This town was granted to Rev. Thomas Parker and others, by the Masonian pro- ular resorts for tral, First Settlers. prietors, in formerly included a part of Hooksett and Manchester. Incorporated June 16, 1748. It 1761. First Mi?iisters. Currier, ordained Rev. in Joseph 1771; attributed the summer tourists White Mountain range. Rivers. The Androscoggin pass- in the es through the north-east part of the town; Peabody Riv-r forms a junction with the Androscoggin near the village of Gorham. There are many small mountain streams well stored with trout. dis- missed in 1774. Rev. Cornelius Waters, ordained in 1781; dis- largely to Village. is On the Androscoggin situated the thriving village of Gorham. The mountain scenery �GORHAM. around this village is not surpassed in the whole mountain region. At the south-east, distant but a few miles, stand Mounts Moriah and Carter, each about 5,000 feet in height at the west can be seen Mount Madison, at the north-west ; the Pilot range, while at the east, Androscoggin Hills, the most prominent of which is Mount Hayes. It is only eight miles to the Glen House at the base of Mount Washington. The other places around Gorham, worthy of a visit from tourists, are Lead Mine Bridge in Shelburne, four miles distant, Randolph Hill, Berlin Falls, on the Androscoggin, and many other points of interest are the to the traveler. House, in The Alpine and one of most popular this village, and houses around the Mountains, was The burning of burnt in 1872. the largest this hotel village, made many is and it a great loss to the who have summer home for to travelers their years past. gers of the If the mana- Grand Trunk Railway, Montreal Railroad, have an eye on the main chance, and to the interests of like those of the their own road, a new hotel will from the ashes of the Alpine, with enlarged facilities for the ac- rise commodation of tourists, before 171 boarders. It is estimated that there are three thousand tourists who stop here from one week to three months through the warm season, mer The capital invested in the rail- road shops, is $ 125,000, employing men, with an annual pay roll of $ 96,000, and with an annual production of $250,000. There are 155 also various other manufactories in the village. There are three churches, one large school house, twelve stores, of various kinds, bank, three lawyers, three physicians, one dentist, and about 900 inhabitants. Employments. mer all Over boarders. of lumber is 2,850,000 feet annually sawed, val- ued at $35,500; meal and flour ground, valued at $ 9,000 machine shop, $ 250,000 starch mill, $2,200; tannery, $ 18,800 besides cabinet work, shoe making, black; ; ; smiths, harnesses, carriage repairing, tin ware, and some tailors, other mechanical shops. The total value of all goods manufactured annually is $ 344,000. (See tables.) Resources. Agricultural produc- $5,000; The Gorham House, Lary House, Mount Washington House, Eagle House, and Glen House, at Mount Washington's base, are fine hotels. There are also five or six boarding houses, for summer The inhabitants engaged in manufacturing, trade, and keeping sumare nearly the wants of the traveling public, desire to stop for a few weeks or months in this delightful vil- sum- the village. tions, lage. in the height of weeks, there are over one thousand stopping in another year passes. There are a number of good hotels still remaining, but not enough to supply who and travel, for four $ 20,920 ; mechanical labor, $116,700; money at interest, $ 5, deposits in savings banks, 750; stock in trade, $39,709; from summer tourists, (with the Glen House) estimate, $ 130,000. Professional business, $10,000. Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. G. F. CongreTewksbury, pastor; Methodist supplied by Rev. seaux of Lancaster. lic, ; Catho- H. NoiThere are I. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 172 and granite are also slate, gneiss, average length of three schools schools for the year, twenty-four found. weeks. Banks. principally engaged in agriculture. ; There are annually sawed, 40,000 (See tables.) First Settlement. Gorham was originally called " Shelburne Ad- In 1800 there were but It forty-five inhabitants in town. was incorporated under its present dition." name June 18, 1836. Area and Randolph. Area of im- west by 18,146 acres. proved land 1981 acres. Distances. By railrord 172 miles north from Concord, and 35 east from Lancaster. Railroads. The Grand Trunk Railroad passes through the northeastern portion of the town. This road connects Portland with Montreal and the West. The Boston, Concord and Montreal forms a junction with it at Northumberland. GOSHEIV. Sullivan County. The surface of Goshen is uneven and broken, but the soil, shingles; &c. 925,000 feet of boards 6,000 sides of leather, ; and 12,000 lbs. of splits are annually tanned, valued at $25,000. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, soil, $ 60,092 $ 5,000 stocks and money at inter deposits in savings est, $ 26,050 banks, $ 20,618 stock in trade, $ 8,700. Churches and Schools. Christain church, Rev. H. A. Stratton, Congregational church, pastor Rev. John Bragdon, pastor; Baptist church, no pastor There are Average five schools in town. ; Boundaries. North by Berlin, east by Shelburne, south by the northern base of the White Mountains, The people are Employments. Gorham Savings Bank. when properly culSome tivated, produces fine crops. of the farms are under a high state of cultivation. Streams and Ponds. Several small streams which unite in forming Sugar River have their source in the east part of the Sunapee mountain. Rand's Pond, in the north-east part of the town, is the largest body of water. Mountain. Sunapee Mountain ; ; ; ; length of schools for the nineteen weeks. year, Goshen was First Settlements. formed from Newport, Sunapee, Newbury, Washington, Lempster, and Unity. It was first settled by Capt. Benjamin Rand, William Lang and Daniel Grindle, whose sufferings and hardships were very great their crops were often badly injured by early frosts, and they were frequently obliged to go to and Walpole for Charlestown : grain. Incorporated in 1791. A CongregaChurches. church was organized in 1802, and a Baptist society in 1803. Boundaries. North by Sunapee and Newport, east by Newbury, south by Washington, and west by Lempster and Unity. Area 12,023 acres; area improved land, 8,513 First tional acres. the principal elevation. miles Forty-two Distances. north-west from Concord, and six Minerals. Plumbago is found here in limited quantities. Mica, south-east from Newport. Railroad. By stage three times lies in the eastern part, and is �GOSPOItT — GRAFTON. 173 a week to Newport station, six miles, on the Sugar river railroad. Lord Jesus Christ. On a certain day, which, by their agreement, GOSPOKT. belonged unto the exercises of the fishermen came to Mr. Brock, and asked him, if they might put by their meeting, and go a fishing, because they had lost many days, by reason of foul weather. He, seeing that without religion, Rockingham County. An island in the Atlantic Ocean, about twelve miles from Portsmouth, and belongs to a cluster of islands situated mostly within the boundary of Maine, and called the Isles of Shoals. It was formerly called Appleton Island and contains about one hundred and fifty acres. The inhabitants are principally devoted to fishing, and attending to the wants of summer tourists. It is becoming one of the greatest sumresorts on the Atlantic coast. mer One of the largest hotels in the was built here in 1872, besides there were several other State, large houses previously erected. Steamboats leave and return to the wharves in Portsmouth several times daily through the warm season for the accommodation of the traveling public. Owing to Early Settlements. the great facilities island was inhabited by the whites for fishing, this an early date. In 1728, they paid £ 16, as their proportion of the province tax of £ 1,000. at There one school with twenty-eight scholars. Average length of schools, twelve Schools. weeks ; number is of inhabitants 94. had occasionally, but in this respect there has been no improvement for over two hundred years. " As eaidy as 1650, Rev. John Brock began to preach here. The Preaching is following story by Mather: is — 'Mr. consent, they resolved upon doing what they had asked of him, replied, If you will go away, I say unto you, catch fish, if you can! But as for you that will tarry, and worship the Lord Jesus Christ this day, I will pray unto Him for you, that you may take fish till you are weary. Thirty men went away from the meeting, and five tarried. The thirty which went away, with all their skill, could catch but four his fishes ; the five who forth afterwards, tarried went and they took hundred. The fishermen, after readily attended whatever meetings Mr. Brock appointed them.'" Doubtless there is no such agreement with any minister to-day, if there was, the people would be quite as apt to break it. five this, GRAFTON. Grafton County. The surface is uneven but in many sections the soil is good, and, when properly cultivated, produces fine crops of corn, potatoes, and grass. There some are farms, and tical very well cultivated some of the best prac- farmers in the State, reside in this town. related of him, Eivers and Ponds. Smith's River, Brock brought a tributary of the Pemigewassett, runs through this town in a south- the people into an agreement, that, exclusive of the Lord's day, they easterly direction, also branches of Mascomy River which would spend one day every month the together, in the worship of our into the Connecticut, falls have their �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 174 source in the north-western section of the town. There are five ponds, the largest of which is called Grafton Pond, and has an area of nearTwo are ly three hundred acres. named "Mud Ponds." Elevations and Minerals. In the north-west part of the town is a remarkable ledge, called the " PinOn the south side, the nacle." ground rises by a gradual ascent to the summit; but on the north side, it rises nearly perpendicular over one hundred and fifty feet. At Glass Hill, about four hundred feet above its base, is found a very valuable quarry of Mica. The Mica is very clear, and colorless and, when in thick masses, has a red tinge. This quarry is extensively worked in the warm season, and yields nearly 100,000 lbs. of mica annually. It is now worked by J. W. Kelton & Co., Grafton Centre. From the summit of this a delightful view of the surrounding country may be obtained. hill, On John's Hill an eminence about one mile south-west from Glass Hill, beryls of a large size, are found. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the people. Besides the work in the mica quarry, there is but little manufacturing done. (See Tables.) Resources. Agricultural products, $ 79,934 ; mechanical labor, $4,300; stocks and bonds, $3,200; money at interest, $ 18,886 deposits in savings banks, $45,220; stock ; in trade, tourists, $ $12,150; from summer 1,000. Churches and ScJwols. Rev. Warren Applebee, Union, pastor; There are ten schools in town, average length for the year, twelve weeks. Christian, . Hotels. Pleasant Valley House. This town was First Settlers. granted to Ephraim Sherman and August 14, 1761. The first permanent settlement was made by Captain Joseph Hoyt, and Captain Alexander Bixby in 1772. Inothers, corporated, November was formed in 11, 1778. A Baptist church First Churches. The Freewill was organized in 1785. Baptist church 1817. North by Orange, and Danbury, south by Springfield, and west by Enfield and Canaan. Area, 21, Boundaries. east by Alexandria 993, acres. Distances. Thirty-six miles north-west from Concord, and sixty south-east from Haverhill. Railroads. There are two staNorthern tions in this town, on the Railroad. GRANTHAM. Sullivan County. The surface of this town is uneven, but the soil is productive. There are some farms along its southern and western border which are well cultivated and produce fine crops of grain, grass, &c. There are many large tracts of valuable timber land, and plenty of water power to prepare it ready for market. Ponds and Streams. There are seven ponds, the largest of which is Eastman's Pond of an area of neaidy 300 acres there is another pond near the Centre which covers about 200 acres. On the summit of Croydon mountain, is a natural pond containing 70 acres. The town is well watered by numerous trout brooks, many of them affording excellent water privileges. Mountains. Croydon Mountain extends along the westerly part of ; �175 GREENFIELD. south-west Grantham from north-east. The mountain to sides tham ;" original but it name was restored to its in 1818. furnish excellent pasturage, and, at its base, grass is produced in abundance. On the east side of Rev. First Minister. Clayes, ordained in 1821. medical a is mountain, spring supposed to possess healValetudinarians ing qualities. Dana east the frequently visit it, summer in the North by Enfield, by Springfield and Croydon, south by Croydon, and west by Boundaries. Plainfield. 24,000 acres; Area. improved land, 9,445, acres. season. Minerals. Large quantities are found in this town, of a substance which produces a paint similar to spruce yellow when clarified, or, being burned, produces a Spanish Brown. The Employments. inhabitants are principally engaged in agriculture, and lumber business more — annually sawed in Grantham, than in any other town in the county, amounting to over 2,400,000,feet; 1,600,000 clothespins are also annually manufactured. (See Tables). Productions of the Resources. lumber Distances. to Newport is $63,100; mechanical labor, $10,500; stocks and bonds, $6,200; money at interest, $ 9,750 deposits soil, ; Via Newport, fifty miles north of Concord, and ten north from Newport. Ten miles to NewRailroads. port station on Sugar River Railroad. The Sugar River Extension Railroad, if ever built, will pass through this town. A stage runs daily. GREENFIELD. Hillsborough County. The surface of Greenfield is broken and uneven, but the soil is deep and and yields fine crops fertile, of wheat, corn, barley, and potaThe hills afford excellent toes. grazing, plains stock in the valleys and for grain, favorable &c. Churches and Sclwols. Methodist, Elder George A. Tyrrell, pastor; Union, Rev. W. H. Eastman, There are eight schools pastor. in town; average length for the year, fifteen weeks; amount of money appropriated for school pur- while are ery, $ in savings banks, trade, $ ; Summer poses, annually, Hotel. 15,749 5,475. $ 748,48. " Grantham House." Grantham was First Settlers. granted July 11, 1761 but the pro- ; prietors not fulfilling the conditions of the charter, it was regrant- ed to Colonel William Symms and sixty-three others in 1767, its present name. under The name was changed in 1786 to " New Gran- Resorts. The fine scen- pure air, and pure water have caused many city invalids to spend their summer vacation in GreenThe town is noted for the field. longevity of its inhabitants. Contoocook Rivers and Ponds. River foi-ms part of the western boundary, and separates it from Hancock. It affords some very good water power. There are five ponds, the largest of which is about one mile in length, and one third of a mile in width. Mountains. A part of Crotched Mountain, rising from the north part, and part of Lyndeborough Mountain from the south and east �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 176 town are the sections of the GREENLAND. prin- Rockingham Countt. cipal elevations. Greenone of the most pleasant farming towns in the State. The orchards and gardens are valuable, yielding a good return to the farm- Employments, The inhabitants are generally engaged in farming. 360,000 feet of lumber are annuSash and blinds ally sawed. and wooden measures are also land The town is made. excellent fruit, it Resources. Agricultural prod- $57,354; mechanical labor, $ 6,500 stocks and money at interest, $18,575; deposits in savings ucts, ; banks, $54,037; $ 4,725, stock in trade, from summer ; tourists, $3,000. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational church, Eev. S. H. Partridge, There are ten pastor. school districts in town, and seven schools; average length for the year, nineteen weeks. Dunklee House. Hotel. First Settlements. was first Greenfield settled by Captain Alex- ander Parker, Major A. Whitte- more and others in 1771. Incorporated June 15, 1791. It received its present name from Major Whittemore. A Congregational church was formed in 1791. Rev. Timothy Clark, ordained 1800, dismissed in 1811; Rev. John Walker, ordained in 1812, dismissed in 1822. Boundaries. North by Bennington and Francestown, east by Francestown and Lyndeborough, south by Lyndeborough and Temple, and west by Peterborough and Hancock. Improved land, 7,611 First Ministers. acres. Distances. ers. is celebrated for its being excelled in its orchard products by no town in the county. Some of the most valuable and productive farms in the State, are in this town. Great Bay waters the northern section of the town, and the rest is watered by small streams. Employments. The people are generally engaged in agriculture. The farmers find a ready sale for their produce in Portsmouth, four the value of miles distant. About 280,000 feet of lumber are annually sawed, and about 18,000 pairs of sale boots and shoes made. Owing to the pleasant location of the town, quite a number of summer tourists spend the warm weather here. Productions of the $119,794; mechanical labor, Resources. soil, $ 6,600 ; stocks, bonds and money $28,470; deposits in savings banks, $39,976; stock in at interest, $ 1,875; from summer tour$ 2,000. There is no means of knowing trade, ists, amount of money securities owned by many people in this the town, but it is very large in pro- portion to the population. There Churches and Schools. are two churches Congregational, and Rev. Edward Robie, pastor Methodist, Elder F. Chandler, pas; Thirty-eight miles south-west from Concord, and about fourteen north-west from Amherst. Railroads. The Wilton Railroad has been extended to this town, thence to Peterborough. ; There is a fund of $ 5000, the income of which is applied to the support of a congregational minister and for missionary purposes. There are three public schools in tor. �GREENVILLE. town ; average length of schools for the year, thirty-three weeks. Bracket "Hotel." Greenland was originally part of Portsmouth, and was incorporated in 1703; one hundred years ago there were more inhabitants in the town than Hotel. First Settlement. at the present time. Rev William First Ministers. Allen, the first minister, was ordained July 15, 1707; died September 8, 1760; Rev. Samuel McClintock, D.D., ordained in 1756; died in 1804. He was a chaplain in the revolutionary army, and very active in the cause of his country. Boundaries. North by Great Bay and Newington, east by Portsmouth and Rye, south by North Hampton, and west by Stratham area 6,360 acres; improved land, 5,839. Distances. Forty miles south- east from Concord, and west five The Eastern, and Portsmouth and Concord railroad pass through a portion of this town, affording excellent railroad facilities to the inhabitants. is a small township taken from the northern section of Mason, and includes within its limits ville village." is The surface of uneven, but the soil is productive and produces excellent crops, the fai-mers finding a market at Mason ; ally sawing 700,000 feet of lumfurniture manufactory annu- making home village for all The Columbian Manufac- ries. Company are building another large mill which will go into operation in a short time. The total value of goods annually manufactured is estimated at turing $ 655,800. soil $108,200; banks, The trade, village of Green- situated on the and eight or kinds, hotel, some in Souhegan one of the pleasantest villages in the State. There are several large cotton mills, an extensive furniture manufactory, lumber mills, blacksmith, tin ware, shoe shops, and various other mechanical works. There are river, office, affords stock ; $42,800. through the northwestern part of town and summer from $35,800; tourists, $2,500 Souhegan River passes the Productions of the mechanical labor, deposits in savings £37,682; is ten stores of various two churches, a large school house with graded schools, bank, their surplus productions. Rivers. 700 sets of furniture; besides various small manufacto- ville is Hillsborough County. Green- "Mason ally ber Village. GREENVILLE. the town voted to exempt from taxation for a term of years any new manufactories Avhich may be erected. With this inducement held out, there is a prospect that the whole water power will be improved within a short time. The people are Employments. largely engaged in manufacturing, although there are many fine farms under a high cultivation. There are annually manufactured 3,524, 400 yards of cotton goods, valued at $617,100; lumber mills annu- Resources. from Portsmouth. Railroads. 177 fine water power, about one-half of which is improved. The town has insurance, telegraph, post two physicians' offices, and about 100 dwelling houses. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. George F. Merriam, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 178 pastor number of members, ; 95 church value, $8,000; Baptist, Rev. William H. Walker, pastor number of members, 100; church ; There are live value, $7,000. schools in town, two of which are graded average length of schools ; twenty weeks. Mason Village Savings Bank. Bank. (See table.) " Columbian House," Hotels. for the year, number of arrivals, 1,200. See Mason. The town was incorporated under the First Settlers. of Greenville in June, 1872. North by Temple Boundaries. and Wilton, east by Mason and Brookline, south by Mason, and west by New Ipswich. Forty-three nines Distances. Concord, and southwest from name twenty west from Nashua. A branch of the Railroad. Fitchburg railroad, formerly the Peterborough and Shirley railroad, has its terminus at Greenville village. soil is is deep and $ 70,367 ; money at interest, $8,200; stock in trade, $4,878; deposits in savings bank, $ 14,020 mechanical labor $ 6,000. Churches and Schools. Christian church twenty members, and Baptist church thirty members. There are ten schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, ten weeks. Organizations. In 1776 Groton was granted to George Abbott and others, by the name of Cockermouth. It was incorporated De- cember?, 1796. The first settlers were James Gould, Captain E. Melvin, James Hobart, Phinehas Bennett, and Samuel Farley, in 1770. First Ministers. Rev. Samuel Perley, Congregational, ordained in Grafton County. Productions of the Resources. soil, 1779, dismissed in 1785; Rev. Thomas Page, ordained GROTON. face of Groton generally engaged in agriculture 1,035,000 feet of lumber, 90.000 clapboards and 430,000 shingles are annually produced. (See tables.) The sur- in 1790, died in 1813. Boundaries. uneven, but the Bounded north by Wentworth and Rumney, east by and the reward Hebron, south by Orange, and west by Dorchester. Area, 16,531 fertile, husbandman reaps a rich for his labor, in tine crops of corn, acres. buckwheat, potatoes, etc. About 15,000 pounds of maple sugar re annually made. Rivers and Ponds. This town is well watered on its northerly border by Baker's River, affording some very good water privileges. Several small streams have their source in the southerly part, and Forty-five miles Distances. north-west from Concord, and ten oats, flow into cle ter. Pond Newfound lake. Specta- the largest body of waIt lies about a mile northeast is from Groton meeting house. Employments. The people are west from Plymouth. Railroads. station Six miles to Rumney on the Montreal railroad. Daily stage to Bristol, twelve miles, on the Bristol Branch railroad. HAMB»STEAO. Rockingham County. town lies partly This on the height of land between the Merrimack and Piscataqua rivers. In most sections, the soil is good, and when �179 HAMPTON. properly cultivated, produces fair crops. Rivers and Ponds. Spiggot River flows from Wash Pond, near the centre of the town. Angly Pond lies in the north-east part, and is drained by Powwow River. Island 19, 1749, and after the name of a pleasant village, five miles north of London in England. It included in its grant, a portion of Kingston, which created a long dispute between the two towns, which was finally settled by Hampstead's pay- Pond contains a valuable farm of ing one thousand pounds old tenor. about three hundred acres. It is an irregular shaped town its contour being varied by about thirty Rev. Henry First Ministers. True, ordained in 1752, died in 1782; Rev. John Kelly, installed angles. in 1792. ; The business Employments. is divided between farming and manufacturing. About 75,000 pairs of sale boots and shoes, are annually made, and 700,000 feet of lumber sawed, besides there are (Several small mechanical shops. Value of goods annually manunearly equally factured, $ 112,300. Resources. soil, $ 38,433 .§ 29,200 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, money ; at interest, $ 30,500 deposits stocks, ; banks, $> 44,032 ; and in savings stock in Boundaries. North by Sandown and Danville, east by Kingston and Plaistow, south by Atkinson, and west by Derry. Area, 8,350 acres; area of improved land, 4,725 acres. About thirty miles from Concord, and twelve south-west from Exeter. The Nashua and Railroads. Distances. south-east Rochester Railroad now (1873) being built, will pass through the town. trade, HAMPTON. $ 9,900. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. E. W. Bullard, pastor. There are seven schools in town. Average length for the year, twenty-four weeks. There has been a fund bequeathed to the town, for the purpose of establishing a high school under provisions. The late Emerson made the bequest. certain B. D. First Settlements. In 1728, a Emerson made a settlement Mr. in the south part, near a brook; and at that time only a Mr. Ford and two Indians lived in the town. This territory was considered a part of Amesbury and Haverhill Massachusetts, until the division line was two was granted established between the States, under in its 1741. It present name, January The Rockingham Countt. town is level, and rich and productive. It is surface of this its soil noted for its extensive marshes, which have an area of eighteen hundred acres, or nearly one quarter of the whole surface of the But few towns in the town. State produce as much value, to each acre of improved land, a9 Hampton being $ 21,25. ; The soil well adapted to tillage and mowing, but there is not sufficient is pasturage, and many of the young cattle are driven in the spring, up to the pasture hills in Belknap CounHampton River, is the only ty. stream of any note. The constant tide, has made quite a channel, but above tide-flow it is nothing but a small brook. In its wash of the �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 180 passage to the Ocean, it receives the waters of Seabrook river. Summer Resorts. Hampton has been celebrated for many years, for its extensive beaches and fine Ocean scenery. Nearly midway of the beach, there is a high bluff, apparently rising from the Ocean, On the called "Boar's Head." land side, its is a gentle acclivity to summit, which covers a level space of two or three acres. Upon summit, is a large hotel called the " Boar's Head House " kept by this the popular landlord, S. H. Dumas, Esq. A little south of this house, on the side of the bluff, and near the Ocean, is the Leavitt House, managed by the proprietors of the same name of the House. This House is a new structure but is becoming quite popular, and re; The number the various .hotels. who come here and stay from one week to three months, is estimated at twelve hundred, besides the thousands who stop for a day or two. Employments. As can be seen, the people are largely engaged in keeping summer boarders, and farming is made a lucrative business by having a home market for of tourists all their surplus productions, at the hotels and boarding houses. The business of manufacturing sale shoes is carried on to a limited extent; also lumber business, and various other small mechanical shops. The total value of manufactured goods annually produced, is $ 56,560. Resources. soil, $95,447; Productions of the mechanical labor, share of patronage. At the north-easterly base, is the Granite Hotel, which is a popular $16,600; money at interest, $7, 100; deposits in savings banks, $19,329; stock in trade, $21,967; House. The views obtained from the top of Boar's Head, are the finest on from summer ceives the its full New-England Atlantic Coast. Before you is the broad Atlantic, the Isles of Sholes, the sea coast from Cape Ann to Portsmouth, and the white sails of the hundred vessels bound to some foreign land, some long or just returning from voyage to their home port, make the scene grand and interesting. The beaches, on either side of the bluff are broad, and afford excellent opportunity for invalids and parThere ties of pleasure to bathe. are several hotels near the beach, the largest of which is the Ocean House. It is about two miles from Hampton railway station, on the Eastern railroad, where coaches are in waiting, on the arrival of each train, to convey travelers to tourists, estimate, $80,000. Churches and Schools. Congreno pastor; Freewill Baptist, no pastor; Methodist, Rev. Elihu Scott, pastor. There is a fund of $ 12.000, the interest of which is to be devoted to the support of a Congregational minister. There are seven schools in town, two of which are graded. Average length for the year, thirty-one gational, weeks. Literary Institution. Hampton Academy. Hotels. Union House, Boar's Head House, Ocean House, Hampton Beach House, Couch House, Eagle House, Granite House, and Dow House. Hampton was town settled in New Hampshire, and was incorporated First Sctttements. the fourth �HAMPTON FALLS. May 181 and included within present towns of North Hampton, Hampton Falls, Seabrook, Kensington and South Hampton, having an area of about the town, in a northerly and south- The Indian name of the town was " Winnicummet," ton Falls is very pleasantly situated on the Atlantic. The land back from the marshes is elevated, and affords some delightful views of the ocean. The soil is very fertile, and large crops of corn, oats, potatoes and hay are produced. Some of the best farmers to be found in the state reside in this town. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agricul- its 22, 1639; limits the 45,500 acres. and at the time of its settlement it was considered within the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. The first settlers were emigrants of Norfolk, The first house was England. erected in 1636. Like all the early settlements, it suffered from Indian depredations. August 11, 1703, a party of Indians killed five persons, among whom was a widow Muzzey, celebrated as a preacher among the Quakers First Ministers. Rev. Stephen erly direction. HAMPTON FALLS. Hamp- Rockingham County. 1,578,000 feet of boards, ture. &c, annually sawed, and 90,000 pairs of shoes manufactured. Cotten batting is also manufactured. (See tables.) Resources. Productions of th« are ' Batchelder ordained in 1638; removed in 1641. Rev. Timothy Dalton, ordained in 1639; died in 1661. Rev. John Wheelwright, ordained in 1647; dismissed in 1658. Rev. Seaborn Cotton, settled in 1666; died in 1686. Rev. John Cotton, settled in 1696 died in 1710. Rev. Nathaniel Gookin, settled in 1710; died in 1734. Rev. ; Ward Cotton, settled in 1734 ; dis- $82,794; mechanical labor, stocks and money at inter- soil, $19,500 est, * ; $ 9,420 banks, deposits in savings ; $16,297; stock in trade, $2,470. Churches and Schools. Baptist Church, Rev. H. H. Beamans, pastor; Christian Church, Rev. J. H. Graves, pastor Unitarian Church, ; settled in 1797; dismissed in 1807, There are three schools in town; average length for the year, thirty-two weeks. There was an academy here for and died in many missed in 1765. Rev. Ebenezer Thayer, settled in 1766; died in 1792. Rev. Jesse Appleton, D.D., 1819. North by North Hampton, east by the Atlantic . south-west by Hampton Falls, and west by Exeter. Area, 8, 130 acres area of improved land, Ocean, ; 3,908 acres. Distances. Fifty miles south- years. First Ministers. Rev. Theophilus Boundaries. Cotton settled in 1712; died in 1726. Rev. Joseph Whipple, ordained in 1727 died in 1757. Rev. Josiah Bagley, settled in 1757 died in 1762. Rev. Paine Wingate, set; ; tled in 1763; removed in 1771. from Concord, ten south-west from Portsmouth, and seven miles e?st from Exeter. Rev. Samuel Langdon, D. D., setdied in 1797. Rev. tled in 1781 Jacob Abbott, settled in 1798. Railroad. The Eastern Railroad passes nearly through the centre of deposits from this town. east ; * Massachusetts savings banks receive large �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 182 First Hampton Settlements. was originally a part of Hampton, and for many years Falls much associated with it in the variemployments of was incorporated in ous It its people. 1712. over twenty miles from the pond. The village is very pleasantly on a plain. Here are sevmechanical shops, church, situated eral school house, town house, academy, several stores, hotel and fifty Boundaries. North - east by Hampton, south-east by Atlantic Ocean, south by Seabrook, and west or sixty dwelling houses. It is a very desirable village to live in, by Kensington. tourists. Improved Area, 7,400 acres. land, 5,786 acres. Distances. Fifty miles south-east from Concord, eleven south-west from Portsmouth, and six southeast from Exeter. Eastern Railroad. Hail roads. completed, the Newburyport and Amesbury Railroad will pass through this town. When quently broken by hills, and in the west part by mountains of considerable elevation. These elevations afford excellent pasturing, besides On tillage land. the Contoocook river, which forms eastern boundary, are some meadows which produce crops of hay. the resort of many summer Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agriculture, and, as one has truly said, "It emphatically one of the good old farming towns, where any one would be proud to point out the home of his ancestors." There is are several small manufactories, annually producing; leather, $10, and meal, $9,200; lum$ 5,000 besides wheelwrights, blacksmiths, harness makers, carber, Hillsborough County. The surface of this town is uneven, fre- its is 000; flour HANCOCK. some very good and fine large There are many farms under a high state of culti- ; penters, painters, &c. of mechanical all Total value productions, $ 29,500. Productions of the $84,300; mechanical labor, $ 10,300 stocks and money at interest, $28,325; deposits in savings banks, $85,196; stock in trade, Resources. soil, ; $4,650. Churches and Schools. There are nine schools average length for the year, nineteen weeks. Hancock Academy, A. N. vation. tor. Ponds. There are several ponds, the most important of which is Norway Pond, near the center of the town, and Half Moon Pond, named from its peculiar shape. Hardy, principal Long pond lying partly in this town and partly in Nelson is one of the sources of Contoocook River. The stream from this pond flows through Nelson, Harrisville, and into the Contoocook at Peterborough; thence its mingled waters pass back on the eastern line of Hancook, after a passage of Congre- gational, Rev. Askel Bigelow, pas- Hotel. ; (in 1870.) Jefferson House. First Settlement. The first settlement was commenced here by John Grimes, in May, 1764. The town was incorporated under the name of Hancock, November 5, 1779. It was named in honor of Governor John Hancock, of Boston, who was one of the original proprietors. But very few towns have retained their staid, antique customs, and �HANOVER. 183 former opinions of their friends and neighbors, without regard to hill sides in the political views, like the people of business. They had one postmas- Hancock. ter for nearly fifty years and many of their town officers have bad similar length of terms. In lo71-2, Mr. Joel Gates, over eighty years of age, was sent from this town as its representative in the Legislature ; summer, indicate that the farmers find it The annual a lucrative clip of wool about 50,000 pounds. As a general thing the farmers are wealthy, prosperous and happy with ample is ; means ahead down to gently ease them the declivity oflife. Rivers and Streams. Connectiis the only considerable cut River of this State. But few men had influence in that body, in stream in town. Mink, Slate, and Goose Pond Brooks are the other than Mr. Gates. Rev. Reed Page, ordained in 1791, died in 1816. Boundaries. North by Antrim, east by Bennington and Greenfield, south by Peterborough and west by Nelson and Harrisville. Area, area of improved 19,372 acres; principal streams, neither of more disc-vision, First Minister. land, 10,409 acres. miles Thirty-five Distances. from Concord, twenty-two north-west from south-west and Am- herst. Six miles by daily Greenfleld railroad Railroad. stage to station. HANOVER. Grafton County. The of this town sified with is surface delightfully diver- hills and valleys, and the larger portion is suitable for There is a small proportion of waste land, probably less than in any other town in Grafton County. Over one half of the surface of the town is under improvement. Some of the farms are under a high state of cultivation, producing excellent crops of wheat, corn, oats, potatoes and hay. But one town in the county cultivation. produces as Much many bushels of corn. attention has been given to the raising of sheep, and the large flocks to be seen on the pasture have sufficient which water for mill priv- ileges. In the Connecticut, there are several small islands within the limits of the town, the largest of which is Parker's Island con- A handtwenty acres. some bridge over the Connecticut connects Hanover with Norwich Vermont. Mountain. About five miles east from the Connecticut, is Moose Mountain, a considerable elevation extending across the town from north to south. There are many taining other elevations which oiler some very fine views. Village. At the south-west corner of the town about a half mile from Connecticut River and 180 feet above the level of its waters, is located the beautiful village of Hanover, on a level plat of ground. The Common or Park is a square, level area of about six acres, shaded by rows of thrifty elms, and surrounded by streets of considerable width. On the north side is a church, chapel, and sev- on the a street containing other fine residences adorned with spacious gardens, the Dartmouth banking building &c. On the south is Dartmouth Hotel, several business blocks, the gymnasium eral beautiful residences; west is �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 184 and many dwelling houses; and on the east are the College grounds, including the College buildings which with the observatory are five in number. A few rods north of the Park, on College street, is the medical building, a brick structure some seventy feet in by verdant meadows and well fields, dotted with pleasant and substantial farm mansions and still farther in the side cultivated ; distance can be seen gradually rising the " Green Hills" of Vermont, whose towering summits seem to meet the clear blue ethereal sky, and three stories in height. South of the observatory and a the whole presenting a picture of few rods forgotten by the length, buildings the east of the old is college located "Culver Hall" "New-Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts." Culver Hall is pronounced, by competent judges, one of the finest educational structures in New-England. Nearly the whole basement of this building is to be reserved for an extensive collection of agricultural implements and models of machinery. More than one thousand of such implements and models are already in the building for the purpose of illustration and instruction. This is a State institution in connection with Dartmouth College, and organized expressly for the promotion and "aggrandizement" of the agricultural interests and mechanical arts of dustries the New-Hampshire ; in- most important, and, placed before the people in their light, the most honorable callings a man can devote himif true self to. the road leading to Lebanon, as you ascend to the crest of a hill, you obtain a delightful and attrac- view of the village surrounding country. feet nestles reposing have visited this spot. With the pleasant village, the delightful scenery which surrounds it, with tlie friendly acquaintances formed, the ties broken by separating after a collegiate life launch forth on of four years, to broad ocean, life's the associations formed in Han- over are more lasting, and their memory more sacred in the breasts of thousands than those of any other town in the State. Hanover is one of the most desirable locations, for the prosecution of studies, in New England. The pleasant resorts, the beautiful and romantic scenery, away from the bustle and confusion of city life, all contribute to render it in every essential, a desirable seat of litera- ture and science. For a full des- cription of this popular Institution, see another part of this volume. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agricultu e, but 20.000 clapboards 55,000 ; On tive nature and art combined, not soon thousands who the among and the At your village, quietly the stately elms and maples, while a little farther to the west and south can be traced the meandering course of the Connecticut clothed on either shingles and 200,000 feet of boards are annually sawed, and about 6,000 bushels of grain are ground. The total value articles, of The many of manufactured all kinds, is $53,200. associated attractions connected with the college for the past fifty years, together with the fine scenery afforded from the surrounding hills, make Hanover a popular resort for tourists, who ��HANOVER. are a source of considerable income to the inhabitants. Agricultural prodResources. mechanical labor, ucts, $153,112; money &c, $10,200; at . interest, $32, $43,140; deposits in savings banks, $120,459; stock 500; stocks from in trade, $37,500; tourists, $25,000; from College boarders professional estimated, $ 50,000 ; business, $60,000. Churches and ScJiools. Baptist, Rev. F. Merriam, pastor; Christian, Rev. J. W. Tilton, pastor; .pastor; 1st. Congregational, 2d Congregational, Rev. S. P. Leeds, pastor; Episcopal, Rev. J. Haughton, There rector. are eighteen school districts, and twenty schools in town. Two of the schools are graded. The average length of schools for the year is The total amount money annually appropriated twenty weeks. of is $ 2,654,97. Second Social Library Association, 700 volumes College Library, 20.000 volumes; So- for school purpose, Libraries. ; cial Friends Library, 9,300 vol- umes; United Fraternity, 9,000 volumes Society of Inquiry's Library, 300 volumes Philotechnics ; ; Society Library, 1,200 volumes. Medical School Library, 1,100 volumes Northern Academy Library, 2,300 volumes; Thayer School Library, 1,800 volumes; Agricultu; ral College Library, 1,000 vol- umes; Total number of volumes in all the libraries in this town, 46, 700. 185 was formerly called Dresden, and Was granted by charter to eleven persons by the name of Freeman, and fifty-two others, principally from Connecticut, July 4, 1761. The first settlement was made in May, 1765, by Colonel Edmund Freeman from Mansfield ConnecBenjamin Rice, Benjamin ticut. Davis, Gideon Smith, and Asa Taiker, settled here in 1766. Dartestablished in mouth College was 1770, by Dr. Wheelock. the worthy men who Among finished their earthly career in this town, may be Rev. mentioned the following: Eleazer Wheelock, who died April 24, 1779, aged sixty-nine years. Hon. John Wheelock, LL. D., President of the College thirty-five who died April 4, 1817, aged sixty-three years. Hon, Beraleel Woodward, who died August, 1804. Rev. John Smith, D. D. who died years, April 1809. Hon. John Hubbard, who died in September 1810. Rev. Francis Brown, D. D., who died July 27, 1820, aged thirty-six years. These gentlemen were all connect- ed with the College. First Ministe rs. Re v Ed e n B urroughs, D.D., installed in 1772, dismissed in 1810; Rev. Samuel Collins, installed in 1788, dismissed in . 1795; Rev. Abel Bridgman, set- died in 1800. College Church, Rev. E. Wheelock, D. D. settled in 1771, died in 1779. tled in 1791, Rev. Sylvanus Ripley, settled in 1787; Rev. John' 1779, died in Smith, D. D., settled in 1786, died Dartmouth National Banks. Bank, and Dartmouth Savings Bank. (See tables.) " Dartmouth Hotel." Hotels. There are two livery stables, with in 1809. 18 horses. acres. First Settlers. Hanover Plains Boundaries. North by Lyme, east by Canaan, south by Lebanon, and west by Norwich, Vermont; area, 27,745; improved land 21,798 Distances. By railroad, seven- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 186 from from Havfive north of Lebanon. Railroad. One half mile from the College to Norwich station, on the Passumpsic and Connecticut miles ty-three Concord erhill and ; north-west thirty south Rivers Railroad. H4RRISVILLE. HarrisCheshire County. was formed from the northern ville part of Dublin, and the southern portion of Nelson, and incorporated, as a town. July 2, The 1870. village of Harrisville received its name many years from Bethuel Harris, an active and enterprising man, who, in 1820, commenced business here without any capital save his energy and perseverance. Mr. Milan Harris has a large interest here in the woolen mills, and received the honor of being the first ago, representative to New-Hampshire town organization. The surface of the town is rough and the Legislature of after the uneven, being situated on the height of land between the Connecticut and Merrimack rivers, bat the soil crops. is good and yields The water power risville is fine Harstaple and as good as can at be found in the State. The mills are situated on a small stream called North Branch or Nubaunsit River, and discharging its waters into the Contoocook at Peterborough, nine miles distant from 'Harrisville, and in its course has a fall of over 600 feet. This stream is fed by large ponds lying in the towns of Hancock, Nelson, and Harrisville, which have been dam- Long Pond which is over four Fourteen feet miles in length. can be drawn from Long Pond into Harris Pond which is at the head of the river, and at HarrisWhen the gates are closed ville. at night scarcely a drop of water escapes. The four mills at Harrisville, as yet, have never been able to test the fall capacity of this valuable reservoir, by several feet Nearly all the manufactories at into Peterborough are situated on this small river. Employments. Harrisville is cidedly a manufacturing town. Woolen Harris Co., have de- M, two mills; capital invested, $160,000; employ 60 males, and 65 females, who annually receive for their laand annually produce 200,000 yards of tricot cloth, of all colors, and Moscow beavCheshire ers valued at $ 330,000. mills have $100,000 invested; employ 40 males, and 40 females annual pay roll $ 30,000, and produce 800,000 yards colored flannel, bor, $48,000; There are allumber mills, and clothes-pins, and wooden ware are manufactured, to some extent. valued at $ 360,000. so Resources. Production of the soil, $ 35,000 ; mechanical labor, $ 84, stock in trade, $ 43, 161 stocks and money at interest, $22, 460; deposits in savings banks, $57,308. 000 ; ; The village of Harrisville, is situated on elevated ground, about 1,300 feet above the ocean, and is probably the most elevated ground in New-England for manufactories and now flow There is as extensive as these. one store, one church edifice, one graded school-house, post office, several thousand acres, including the original ponds. From Spots- seventy-five office, telegraph dwelling houses, and about 450 wood Pond inhabitants. med at their outlets, ten feet can be drawn �187 HAVERHILL. CongreHolbrook, pastor. At West Harrisville, Baptist, Rev. G. S. Smith, pastor. There are six schools in town, two Churches and Schools. Rev. gational, Amos Average of which are graded. length for the year, twenty weeks value of school-houses $5,100. (For first settlers and ministers, see Nelson and Dublin.) North by Nelson and Hancock, east by Hancock and Peterborough, south by Dublin, and west by Marlborough and Roxbury. Boundaries. Distances. Thirteen miles east from Keene, and forty-five southwest from Concord. Railroads. The Manchester and Keene Railroad, when built, will pass through this town. Grafton County. Haverhill one of the most valuable farming towns in the State, and the annual value of its agricultural products is not exceeded by any New-Hampshire town on the Connecticut river. The soil is adapted to every is common is a soap- quarry which has been partially opened, and pronounced, by many, as being the best quarIt is about ry now known. miles three treal Railroad. from the MonThere is a good lime-stone quarry, also granite of good quality. This granite is suitable for mill-stones, and good for building purposes. Large quantistones are also ties of scythe On quarried or manufactured. the west side of Benton, bordering town, is a bed of iron ore. Fine specimens of crystals are also this found. Haverhill is one Villages, &c. of the shire towns of the County. The County buildings are located at " Haverhill Corner," which is the This principal village in town. village is located in the south-west HAVERHILL. species of cultivation, There Minerals. stone to the climate. There is considerable interval land, composed of a deep rich loam, yielding large crops of grass, &C: Connecticut River Streams. waters its western border, while Poole Brook runs nearly through the town from north-east to southwest, and falls into the Connecticut, near the "Great Ox Bow," in Newbury, Vermont. Oliverian Brook, having its rise in Benton, runs through the southern section of the town. There is considerable water power on these two streams, which is generally improved. angle of the town, on a plain about one hundred and fifty feet above the level of the Connecticut. From the tops of the buildings, a fine view of the adjacent country, for many miles, north and south, and six or seven miles east and west obtained. common There is may be a beautiful in this village, laid out in an oblong square, ornamented with trees, and enclosed by a handsome fence. Around this common stand the principal buildings, several of which are large and well constructed. There are two churches and a court-house, jail, county buildan acad- ings for county offices, emy, hotel, printing office, several and shops of various kinds. considered one of the most delightful and pleasant villages on stores, This is In the northern town, is another village situated on a street nearly a mile in length, straight and level, the Connecticut. section of the �NEW- HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 188 and called North Haverhill. In the north-west corner of the town, at the junction of the Boston, Con- cord and Montreal, Passurnpsic, and White Mountain Railroads, is the young, but growing village of Woodsville, which bids fair to rival the older villages in point of business. It is connected with the thriving village of Wells River, in Newbury, Vermont, by a substantial bridge across the Con- of the most romanviews on the Connecticut, i.s One necticut. tic obtained at this point, and it is worthy of a visit from any lover of beautiful, and romantic scenery. Summer Resorts. The elevated position, and the delightful views on the Connecticut, have caused many summer tourists to spend their vacation in this town, and the time is not far distant when it shovel handles are annually made, valued at $ 18,640; besides various other manufactories. (See tables.) There is considerable mercantile trade in this town. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $272,581; mechanical labor, $41,000; $ 73,922 $ 57,308 ; money at interest, deposits in savings banks, stock in trade, $ 38, 1 18 business, $25,000; ; professional from summer tourists, $ 8,000. The future prospects of Haverhill are very encouraging and offer better inducements to the farmer and mechanic than can be found in any western state this side of Let them the Rocky Mountains. be contented, and prosperity will surely attend them in this fertile and delightful town. Churches and Schools. There is one Congregational, Rev. E. H. oats and barley, 70,000 bushels of Greeley, pastor; three Methodist, Josiah Hooper, pastor at Corner; and one Freewill Baptist, There are nineteen schools in town; average length of schools for the year, twenty-one weeks. The average amount of money annually expended for each school potatoes, 36,000 lbs. of wool, 11,000 is maple sugar, and 7,000 tons of hay are annually produced. Nearly 1,000, tons more hay is an- institutions in the State. will become one of the most pop- ular resorts for tourists in the State. Employments. The people are largely engaged in agriculture. Over 4,000 bushels of wheat, 16,000 bushels of corn, 34,000 bushels of lbs. ; $ 145. Academy. The Haverhill Academy is one of the oldest literary February It was nually cut in Haverhill, than in incorporated any other town in the State. There is considerable manufac- Rev. Josiah Hooper turing of various kinds carried on. There are nine saw mills, annually Library. N. B. Felton, Esq., has a library of nearly six hundred volumes. "Smith's Hotel" at Hotels. producing nearly 5,000,000 feet of lumber, five starch mills, annually producing 160 tons of starch, three scythe stone manufactories, annually producing 36,000 gross of scythe stones, one paper mill, one pulp mill, three grist mills, &c. Also 36,000 boxes and 10,000 dozens of is 11, 1794. the present Principal. Haverhill, and " House" Mount Gardner at Woodsville. This town was First Settlers. granted to Captain John Hazen and seventy-four others, May, 18, 1763. Captain Hazen came here in �189 HEBRON. the spring of 1762, and built his encampment on the " Little Ox Bow," near where there was merly an Indian fort for- and burying ground. Several of the early setHaverhill, Massachusetts, from which place this town derived its name. Its orig- tlers came from name was "Lower Cohos." The first court was held here in 1773. The first newspaper was inal printed was here April called the and 1808, 21, "Coos Courier." Since that time it has been pub- lished under different names. At no paper Years ago, the the present time, there is published in town. courts in Haverhill called together as much legal talent as could be found in any section of the State, Haverhill furnishing her full share. At the present time, the Grafton Bar is fully up to the standard with her sister counties in point of position and Hon. talent. James Woodward and Hon. Ezekiel ed in 1799; Rev. John Smith, ordained December 21, 1802, dismissed in 1807. North Botmdaries and Area. by Bath, east by Benton, south by Piermont and west by Newbury, Vermont. Area 34,340 acres improved land, 24,300 acres. Thirty-one miles Distances. north-west from Plymouth, and eighty-one north-west from Con; cord. Hon. Moses Dow, a distinHon. Charles guished citizen Johnston, an officer in the revoluHon. tion and Judge of Probate John Page former Governor of New-Hampshire Hon. Joseph Bell a distinguished lawyer, and many other prominent men, were ; ; ; ; Passumpsic in Northumberland, and extends from Portland to Railroad, Montreal. HEBROX. Ladd, Judges of the old county courts The Railroads. Railroad passes along the western border of the town, in Vermont, and the Boston, Concord and Montreal passes through in a direction nearly north-west, and southeast. At Woodsville in the northwest corner of the town, the two roads form a junction with the White Mountain Railroad which connects with the Grand Trunk Grafton County. The surHebron is broken and uneven, and although generally the face of soil is hard, cultivated, it yet, when carefully yields excellent crops of corn, wheat, potatoes &c. Newfound Rivers and Lakes. residents of this town. Lake lies mostly in this town. There are several small streams It is a remarkable fact that the sound of cannon at Bunker Hill, was distinctly heard in Haverhill, power. Employments. affording considerable water Agriculture is the scene of action being more than one hundred miles distant. the chief occupation of the people. This statement is established by the testimony of many respectable witnesses who were alive on that shingles are annually sawed. memorable day. First Ministers. Resources. The Rev. Agricultural prod- mechanical labor, interest, 8 1,900 stock in trade, $ 1,800; deposits in savings banks, § 17,090 from summer tourists, $ 3,000. ucts, $57,049; S 6,140 Ethan Smith, Congregational, ordained, January 25, 1792, dismiss- and 100,000 500,000 feet of lumber, ; money at ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 190 Churches and Schools. A Union church, supported by persons of the Congregational, Baptist and Methodist persuasion, Lorenzo Draper, pastor. There are five schools; average length for the year, There thirteen weeks. is frequently a High school, which open during the spring and is fall. A large First Organization. portion of Hebron was included in the Cockerrnouth Grant, the remainder was taken from Plymouth. Hotels. Central House. Boundaries. North by Rumney and Plymouth, east by Plymouth, south by Alexandria and Orange, and west by Groton. Area, 13,305 acres. Distances. Forty miles north from Concord, and nine west from Plymouth. Railroads. Eight miles by daily stage to Bristol station, on the Bristol Branch Railroad. Merrimack County. ker Henni- pleasantly situated in the valley of the Contoocook. The surface of the town is broken, but is deep, and produces excellent crops of Avheat, corn, hay, the soil is &c. As an agricultural town Henniker is not inferior to any town in Merrimack county, or cultivation. either in soil Many of the farms are under a high state of and abundant crops. The farmers have reaped a rich reward for their labor, and have carefully laid by a portion of cultivation, yield and With prosperity its than Henniker. railroad facilities, central aud with one of the best water privileges on the river, it can be made one of the largest manufacturing towns in the State, and that too on its own surplus resources. At the present time the people appear to be alive to manu- location, Capital invested for manufacturing purposes, over a certain amount, and for a certain length of time, is exemptfacturing interests. ed from taxation. With this inducement, the Henniker Manufacturing Company has been formed and is now erecting a large building wide ami three stories high, for the manufacture of boots and shoes. The future prospects of Henniker, with the present facts before us, appear very flattering. Rivers and Ponds. Contoocook River passes through this town in an easterly direction, and affords in its course abundant water powThere are several ponds of er. considerable size. Situated about one mile from the village is Long Pond, nearly two miles long, and sixty feet long, thirty feet sixty rods wide. The town is al- watered by several small streams in different sections, Crany Hill is the Elevations. so and is of conand embraces a large portion of the territory on principal elevation, siderable altitude, the south of the town. ly It is most- under good cultivation. Near the centre of the Village. town on the Contoocook is the cords of the various savings banks in the State are not deceptive. pleasant village of Henniker. It is the centre of considerable trade and manufacturing of various kinds. There are four stores, two But few church their surplus earnings, if the re- if the State, any farming towns in show more wealth, thrift edifices, academy, town house, one large hotel, and about �HENNIKER. one hundred dwelling The streets are wide and church value, 8 1,000. There are twelve public schools, in town, average length for the year, twenty- houses. in 191 many places beautifully shaded with the maple and elm. The dwellings are and enclosed in spacious yards, while the fences and houses three weeks ; amount of money annually appropriated for school neat purposes, 8 1,508,70. There is an academy in the village where one are painted in pearly white, the whole presenting an air of neatness so much admired by every lover of a New-England village or two terms are annually kept. Library. Henniker Library, 800 volumes. home. Twelve gen- First Settlement. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agriculture, but manufacturing and trade important are and extensive branches of business in town. There are two large paper-mills, annually manufacturing 800 tons of manilla, news and book paper; two saw-mills, two grist-mills, one kit manufactory, annually making measure and box-mill, making 8 5.400 worth annually, one cabinet maker, machine shop, several blacksmith and 50,000 fish kits, one dry T tlemen of Portsmouth, the most prominent of whom were John and Mark Wentworth, and Theodore Atkinson, bought all the right and title of lands of the heirs of Mason, and caused it to be surveyed and laid out into townships. This town was called " Number Six" in the range of townships, and was known by that name before it was granted to the parties. The Rev. James Scales built the first building in 1760. John Peters built the next house in 1761. The first two-story house was built in shoe shops, &c., professional business, 8 18,000. The total value of goods annually manufactured, is 1767 by Amos Campbell the second two-story house was built in 1768, $ 308,300. and was destroyed by Productions of the Resources. soil, 8 8 149,877 38,400 at ; ; mechanical labor, bonds and money stocks, interest, 8 35, 140 deposits in ; savings banks, § 177,376; stock in 8 10,500; from summer tourThe central and delightful location of Henniker, with its varied landscape scenery, has made it a popular resort for tourtrade, ists ists the $ 3,000. who are yearly increasing, as summer months come around. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational, Rev. S. S. Morrill, pastor; number of members 150; church value, 8 5,000 Methodist, Rev. W. W. Smith, pastor; number of members, 100 church val; ; ue, $3,000; Friends, 25 members; ; Captain E. Ham early settlers. ent fire in 1873. was among the It received its pres- name from Gov. Wentworth, honor of his friend, John Henmerchant of London, and a member of the in niker, Esq., a wealthy British Parliament. November Incorporated 10, 1768. Boundaries. North by Bradford and "Warner, east by Hopkinton, south by Weare and Deering, and west by Hillsborough. Area, 26, 500 acres; improved land, 18,612 acres. Distances. Seventy miles northwest from Boston, fifteen west from Concord, and thirty-four north-east from Keene. Contoopasses cook Valley Railroad �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 192 through this town in an easterly There and westerly direction. are two stations " Henniker " and " West Henniker." At the hitter station a pretty village, contain- is ing a large paper-mill, store, postoffice, school house, and fifteen or twenty neat dwelling houses. Merrimack County. The sur- uneven, but the soil is good and in some localities very fertile. There are many fine farms under a high state of cultivation, producing excellent crops. Elvers and Ponds. This town is watered by Pemigewasset and is Smith's Rivers, besides there are Eagle several small streams. Pond is the most noted sheet of water. Ragged Mountain Mountain. is of considerable elevation and but little From its inferior to Kearsarge. summit a good view of the surrounding country may be obtained. The Employments. Woodward's patent Latch Needles manufactured to the value of $ 8,000 annually. (See tables.) Resources. Agricultural prod- ucts, $53,539; mechanical labor, bonds and money $ at 6,500 ; stocks, interest, S 7,670; deposits in stock in savings banks, $ 54,720 trade, §9,276; from summer tourists, $800. Churches and Schools. There are two Christian Churches Revs. Calvin Osgood and H. A. Stratton are their pastors. There are ten ; — this average length weeks. September First Settlers. 1753, town was granted 14, to proprietors, eighty-seven (the greater part of whom resided in Chester), and was called " New Chester," which name it retained January 1837, when it re- ceived its present name, in honor of Hon. Isaac Hill, who was Governor of the State at that time. The first settlers were Captain Cutting Favor, and Carr Huse, Incorporated NoEsq., in 1768. vember 20, 1778. Church. First Congregational church, December 11, 1816. Boundaries. North by Danbury, Alexandria and Bristol, east by New-Hampton and Sanbornton, south by Franklin and Andover, and west by Wilmot and Danbury. Area, 20,000 acres. Twenty-four miles Dista?ice. north from Concord. Railroad. Bristol Branch of the Northern Railroad. inhabitants are generally engaged in farming. There is some trade and manufacturing. About 3,000 pairs of sale boots and shoes are annually made. for hosiery, are for the year, fifteen until HILL. face of Hill schools in town: HILLSBOROUGH. Hillsborough County. Hills- considered as one of the best and most enterprising farming towns in the county. The surface is uneven, but the soil is and very productive. strong There are some fine farms under a high state of cultivation, producing good crops of corn, grass, &c. Contoocook Rivers and Ponds. River passes through the southeast corner of the town, and affords borough is power. excellent water Hillsboi-ough River has its source from ponds in Washington, passes some through the town, and forms a junction with the Contoocook on the south line of the town. The �193 HILLSBOROUGH. body of water is Lyon's Pond, about one mile in length, and two thirds of a mile in width. Minerals. Plumbago of a good largest quality is found. It occurs in nar- which have been wrought to some extent. Villages. There are four pleasant villages, the most important of which is called Hillsborough At this village is the Bridge. terminus of the Contoocook Valley Railroad, which has caused a large row veins, increase of business in almost every branch of industry common to a thriving New-England village. Here are two churches, two school-houses, a bank, ten or fifteen stores of various kinds, one hotel, two hose, drawers and shirt a bedstead and shovel handle manufactory, besides many other mechanical shops For a too numerous to mention. busy, lively village, " Hillsborough Bridge" is not excelled by any village of its size in New-Hampshire. manufactories, No man in this village is consider- ed a peer with his neighbor unless he labors. At the Centre Village there are two churches, several stores, ofand several manufactories. fices, Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants, but there is consider- manufacturing carried on. 60,(K)0 worth of leather is annually tanned $ 60,000 worth of Gent's, hose, shirts and drawers are made; over 5,000 bedsteads, able Over $ ; 25 tons of castings, 5,000 barrels of and 50,000 bushels of meal annually produced; besides lumber, shovel handles, and various other manufactures. The whole manufactured products annually amount to over § 350,000. flour, are Productions of the mechanical labor $38,100; stocks and bonds, $13 760; money at interest, $28,235 deposits in savings banks, $91,659 Resources. $ 133,496 soil, ; stock in trade, $64,200 mer ; from sum- tourists, $6,000; professional business, $ 30,000. Churches and Schools. At Hillsborough Bridge Congregational, Rev. John Bragdon, pastor Meth: ; Elder L. W. Preseott, pasAt Hillsborough Centre: tor. Methodist, Elder S. S. Dudley, pastor Congregational, Rev. John odist, ; Adams, pastor. een school There are eightand seventeen districts schools in town; average length of schools for the year, eighteen weeks. " Valley House" at the Hotels. Bridge, and "St. Charles" at the Lower Village. First National Bank. Banks, A Savings Bank has been chartered. Newspaper. Hillsborough Bridge Messenger, Sargent & Whittemore, Editors and Proprietors. Hillsborough Settlers. First was known, originally, as " Number Seven." The first settlement was made in 1741, by James McCalley, Samuel Gibson, Robert McClure, James Lyon, and others. The wife of James McCalley was the only woman in town during the first year By reason of the settlement. of the Indian war, the settlement was abandoned in 1744, and was not resumed until near 1755. In the mean time Col. John Hill of Boston, received a grant of the town from the Masonian pro- and from Col. Hill it derived its present name. The first children born, were John McCalprietors, ley and Mary Gibson, who inter- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 194 married and received as a gift a tract of land from the principal proprietors. The citizens of Hills- borough struggled hard to secure the independence of our country. General Benjamin Pierce, a veteran of the Revolution, and afterwards Governor of New-Hampshire, was a resident of this town. He was father of the late General Franklin Pierce, who was Presi- dent of the United States, from March 4, 1853, to March 4, 1857. The town was incorporated Nov. First Church The and Minister. Congregational church was formed Oct. 12, 1769. The same Joseph Barnes was or- year, Rev. dained; Baptist May amounting much tobacco, pounds. Rivers. The Connecticut extends along its western border for nine and one-half miles. The Ashuelot passes through the southern portion and joins the Connecticut a short distance below the great bend, called Cooper's Point. to 96,850 The water privileges on this river through the town are numerous and valuable. It is also watered with many smaller streams and springs. There are several islands in the Connecticut belonging to 14, 1772. first raised one third as dismissed Society in was 1803. A organized The intervals are ex- Mountains and north part is Hills. In the West River Moun- which extends from the Connecticut across the entire width of tain, The highest peak Mine mountain, and the town. 21, 1813. Boundaries. North by Bradford, east by Henniker, south by Deering and Antrim, and west by Windsor and Washington. Area, improved land, 15, 27,320 acres; 945, acres. Distances. the town. tensive and fertile. Thirty miles south- is called is about nine hundred feet above low water mark. Iron Ore, beds of silicate of manganese, and other minerals are found in several localities about the mountains. South of the Ashuelot is Stebbins' west from Concord, and twentythree north-west from Amherst. Railroads. Terminus Contoocook Valley Railroad. It is intended to have this road extended Hill, a tract of excellent land, Peterborough, where it will connect with the Monadnock Raiload. ticut, to lies in the extreme corner of the State. is varied, containing hills, valleys, vals. The This town south-west The surface mountains, and plains or inter- of the best quality, and produces excellent crops of corn, oats, and tobacco. In 1870, no other town in the State soil is of a superior quality. On a point of a hill, not far from the Connecare the remains of an Indian fortification constructed before the came here. The village is located Ashuelot. The valley here first settlers Village. HINSDALE. Cheshire County. and under a high state of cultivation. The intervals here are broad and on the is narrow, the land rising abruptly on both sides of the river, affording but little chance for the village to expand. The water runs rapidly, and affords good mill sites. The main street runs parallel with the river, and some portions of it is handsomely shaded with the maple. Considerable manufacturing �195 HINSDALE. — done here there are two woolen mills, two paper mills, mowing is machine manufactory, tool their labor $ 125,600, and manufac- ture goods to the value of $ 690, 400, being the third town in the fac- and machine shop, foundery, water wheels, besides printing and several other mechanical shops. There are three churches, two school houses, eight or ten stores, one hotel, and about one hundred dwelling houses. county in the amount annually paid for mechanical labor, and the fourth in the value of its manufactured productions. Agricultural proResources. The Ashuelot Railroad money tory, bolt gives ductions, it good railroad facilities. The inhabitants Employments. are about equally divided between manufacturing, trade, and professional business, on one side, and agriculture on the other. The In manufactures are important. 1870, Haile & Co. employed 38 males and 42 females; annual pay roll, $34,000. and annually producing 450,000 yards of cashmerett, valued at $230,000. Boydon & Amadon employed 23 males and 20 females annual pay roll, $15,800; annually producing its stocks, $16,300; at interest, $31,160; depos- in savings banks, fessional services, trade, in mechanical $118,408; labor, $125,600, $ $ 26,958 15,000 ; ; pro- stock professional $58,820; $ 20,000. CongreChurches and Schools. gational, Rev. C. C. Watson, pastor; Methodist, Rev. D. S. Dexbusiness, ter, pastor; Baptist, ; Universalist Society, There are eleven schools in town, three of which are graded. Average length of schools for the year, . twenty-one weeks. Total amount of money appropriated for school ; John N. Beers, purposes, $ 2,353.80. Library. Hinsdale Library Association, 800 volumes. tannery, annually producing leathWiler to the value of $ 72,000. Spangled Star Newspapers. Banner, monthly, and Hinsdale 230,000 yards of cashmerett, val- ued at .$ 110,000. & der Hopkins, chisels and spoke shaves, $ 18,500. Newhall & Mirror, quarterly. Hotel. bins mowing machines, valued at Paper mills, $60,000; $52,000. box manufactory, $ 10,000 foun; dery, machine shop, $ 75, lumber 1,500,000 feet of $ 000; 14,000 ; grain ground, $34,000; $8,200; also bolts, shooks, boots and shoes, water wheels, besides sawed, hardships, blacksmiths, carpenters, masons, painters, wheelwrights, harness makers, and various other trades and professions. tal The manu- employing 206 males, and 65 females and factures, children, is $371,900, who annually receive for common to early settlements in shire. total capi- invested in the various (See tables.) Ashuelot House. This town First Settlement. was originally a part of Northa field, Massachusetts, and for number of years called Fort DuniThe first settlers encounmer. tered all the horrors of the Indian warfare, and struggled with other Steb- * many of the New-Hamp- They were protected by Fo^t Dummer, Hinsdale's Fort, Shattuck's Fort, and Bridgeman's Fort but, with all these precautions they were not effectually secured from savage incursions and many cruel murders. June 17, ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 196 1746, three men were killed, two wounded, and two were taken prisoners, near Bridgeman's Fort. Daniel How, one of the captives, killed one of the Indians in the struggle. Several persons were killed and taken prisoners, and land along Pemigewassett river. Rivers and Ponds. This town is well watered by the Pemigewassett Fort town, and partly in Ashland. It is two miles long, and half a mile wide. The route from Plymouth, through this town, to Centre Harbor and Wolfe borough, is charming, affording views, wild and romantic. Many summer tourists Bridgernan June 1747. 16, destroyed, 1748, in Nathan French, Joseph Richardson, .and John Frost were killed, and sev- eral others captured, while cross- ing from Colonel Hinsdale's to Fort Dumnier. In 1755, two persons were killed and Jonathan Colby captured, while working in the woods. In July of the same year, Caleb How, Hilkiah Grout, and Benjamin Gaffield were ambushed and killed, while returning from labor. The town was incorporated under the name of Hinsdale, September 3, 1763, in honor of Colonel Ebenezer Hinsdale, long a highly esteemed resi- which river, affords water privileges. some good Squam Lake lies in the south-easterly part, Squam Pond lies and partly in this town through the season of the year. stay in this warm Farming is the employment of the in- Employments. principal habitants. &c, and 1,200,000 feet of boards 1,100,000 shingles are an- nually produced; 3,000 pairs of boots and shoes, and $ 3,000 worth of files are manufactured, and 2,000 dent here. Boundaries. North by Chesterfield, east by Winchester, south by Northfield, Mass., and west by Vernon, Vermont. Area, 14,000 acres area of improved land, 7,381 deerskins annually tanned, valued 13,900 pounds of maple sugar are manufactured. Resources. Productions of the soil, $118,444; mechanical labor, $ 6,000 stocks, and money at interest, $9,470; deposits in savings banks, $ 5,950 stock in trade, $ 1, acres. 950; ; Distances. seventy-five miles south-west from Concord, and fifteen south-west from Keene. Railroads. The Ashuelot Railroad passes through the southern part of the town, and joins the Connecticut River Railroad, at Vernon, with the Cheshire Railroad, r L Keene. of Holderness is fertile, surface but the soil' and produces good crops is hilly, of corn, barley, potatoes and hay. There is some very fine interval ; ; ; from summer tourists, $6,000, Churches and Schools. There are three churches in town, of the Freewill Baptist denomination, Elders Batchelder, Balch, Stevens and Wyatt, Pastors. There are thirteen school districts, and eleven schools. Average length for the year, sixteen weeks. First Holderness granted to John Shepard and others, October 10, 1751, but the grantees failed to obey the was HOLDERNESS. Grafton County. The at $ 2,400 Settlements. first conditions of the charter, and it forfeited. It was rdgranted, was October worth 24, and 1761, to John Went- sixty-seven others. �197 HOLLIS. William Piper first settled here in The southwestern portion of Holderness was disannexed, and 1763. the town of Ashland formed, July 1, 1868. Rev. Robert Fowle. An Episcopal church was established here in 1770. Boundaries. North by Campton, east by Squam Lake, south by Center Harbor and New Hampton and west by Ashland and Plymouth. Area improved land, 10,454 acres. First Minister. Distances Forty-five miles north from Concord, and six east from Plymouth. Railroads. The nearest railroad communication is at Ashland, four miles, on the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad, It is expected that the New-Hampshire Central Railroad will pass through this town, when completed. westerly part. There are four ponds, Flint's, Penichuck, Long and Rocky Ponds. These ponds afford an excellent field for fishing. Employments. The inhabitants are largely engaged in agriculture. Especially in the cultivation of fruit, this town ranks the first in the county. Quite an extensive business is carried on in the pro- duction of milk for the market. Over 350,000 quarts are annually sold. There'are saw mills annu- manufacturing over 1,400,000 lumber. The manufacture of kegs and barrels is an important branch of business. (See tables,) Resources. Productions of the soil, $ 133,321 mechanical labor, ally feet of ; $21,500; stocks, $21,840; money at interest, $ 19,852 deposits in savings banks, $ 168,710; stock in trade, $25,951; summer tourists, ; $ HOLLIS. 1,000. Churches and Schools. Congre- Hillsborough County. 'The surface of this town is varied, pastor. consisting of upland and interval. districts in The of schools for the year, nineteen interval produces excellent crops of corn, oats, hay, etc. The upland is good for grazing, and much given to raising cows, for the production of milk, for the market. The farmers find a ready sale for all their surplus products, in the city of Nashua, at remunerative prices. The orchard production is more valuable than that of any other town in the county. Hollis is one of the wealthiest attention is and everything pertaining to the farms and farm-houses, betokens an air of thrift and wealth. Rivers and Ponds. The Nashua River passes through the south- towns in the county, easterly portion of the town. The Nisitisset flows through the south- gational church, Rev. James Laird, There are fourteen school town. Average length weeks. Library. Hollis Social Library, sixteen hundred volumes. Settlement. This town was formerly a part of Dunstable and Monson, Mass. Its original name was Nisitisset, and it was afterward called the West Parish of Dunstable. It received its present name from the Duke of Newcastle, whose name was Hollis. The first settlement was made by Peter Powers, in 1731. A son of his, Peter Powers jr., was the first child born in town. Hollis was incorporated in 1746. First Minister. Rev. Daniel Emerson, ordained in 1743, died in 1801. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 198 North Boundaries and Area. by Mil ford and Amherst, east by Nashua, south by Massachusetts line, and west by Brookline. Area of improved land, 10,805 acres. Thirty-eight miles Distances. south from Concord, eight miles south from Amherst, and five west from Nashua. Railroad. Nashua and Worcester Railroad passes through the south-easterly part of the town. • HOOKSETT. MerriMerrimack County. mack River passes through nearly the centre of this town. The surface is uneven but the soil is gen- erally good, producing fine crops. Near the center of the town in the Merrimack is " Hooksett Falls." The descent of the water is about sixteen feet, in a distance of thirty large ledge just above the rods. A falls divides the stream and an- swers as a pier for the Concord Railroad bridge which spans the The water river at this place. power here is valuable. There is one cotton factory which gives employment to seventy-five males and one hundred and seventy-five females. The rest of this priv- remains unimproved. From an eminence Elevation. called the Pinnacle on the west side ilege of the river, a delightful view of the surrounding country can be At your feet, is the obtained. village of Hooksett; pleasant the river, on elevated aci'oss ground, stands the palatial residence of Gen. Natt Head, acknowledged as being one of tho most expensive and beautiful country residences in the State. At the north-east, a distance of one mile, can be seen the enterprising village of Suncook, while the Merrimack, above and below the falls, with its verdant banks, the cultivated fields, and the distant hills in the back-ground, form a grand and picturesque scene. This Pinnacle on its south-eastern side has an abrupt altitude of two hundred At its foot, on the west side, a beautiful pond of water, of a bright greenish tinge, remarkably clear, of great depth, and having no visible outlet. It is supposed this pond was the bed of the pinnacle from -which the latter, by some violent convulsion of nature, Hooksett holds was upturned. out many inducements for tourists feet. is spend their summer vacation, around the falls or among the Four trains surrounding hills. daily to and from Boston, leave and arrive at the Hooksett depot. But few towns in the State have to better railroad facilities. Employments. The employment is about equally divided between agriculture and manufacturing. The farmer finds a ready market for his surplus of the inhabitants products either at Manchester, Concord, Suncook or at Hooksett village. The future prospects of the farmers are flattering. The manufacturing of brick is extensively carried on. Over ten millions of bricks are annually produced, employing over one hundred men in their manufacture. Gen. Natt Head has the most extensive yards, annually producing over three millions of bricks. At a large granite quarry, twenty-five men are employed, who annually receive for their labor over $ 10, 000. One cotton manufactory annually produces over three million yards of cotton cloth. One har- �199 HOPKINTON. ness shop produces $ 12,000 worth of harnesses. (For manufactories, see tables.) Agricultural prod- Resources. ucts, $ $ mechanical labor, 118,708; 107,000 $ terest, ; and Beech money Rivers. stocks and 4,897 at in- deposits in savings ; banks, $112,217; stock in trade, $ 32,995. Churches and ScJiools. Congre- Methodist, Elder There are J. E. Robins, pastor. seven school districts, and eight schools in town; average length gational, ; for the year, twelve weeks. mated value of school Esti- houses, Ayer House and Stearns Hotel. First Organization. Hooksett was taken from Chester, Goffs- town, and Dunbarton, and incorporated July 3, 1822. Boundaries. North by Bow and Allenstown, east by Candia and Auburn, south by Goffstown and Manchester, and west by Goffstown, Dunbarton and Bow. miles Sixty-two Distances. north-west from Boston, nine south from Concord and eight miles north from Manchester. Railroads. The Concord Rail- through this town. The Suncook Valley Railroad forms a junction with the Concord at Hooksett depot. road passes HOPKINTON. Merrimack County. This one of the most important farming towns in the county in point of its agricultural productions, and wealth of the inhabitants and ranking as the eleventh in the State as an agricultural town. The intervals and meadow lands on the rivers are very fertile, town is ; Hills. The Contoocook River passes through the town in an easterly and north-easterly direction. In its passage it receives the coming from Bradand Warner, and the Blackwater coming from Andover, Salisbury and Webster. The Contoocook furnishes some fine water power in this town. Elevations. There are no moun- Warner river, ford, Sutton but three or four hills of considerable height, and all capable of cultivation to their summits. The most important of these eletains, $9,100. Hotels. while the uplands and hills afford excellent pasturing and tillage land. Some of the best farms in this town are on Putney, Uiamon, is Putney Hill, about one mile west of Hopkinton village, and about five hundred feet above vations, it. On this hill commenced some of the first settlements the traces of many of the original houses can be distinctly seen by the half-filled ; On the extreme summit one of the first cemeteries, containing about one acre, and well fenced. It is said that this yard is nearly full of graves, and has been for over sixty years. The roughness of the ground, caused, by indentations, and the many cellars. is stones apparently set edgewise, all go to prove the veracity of the There are but very statement. few stones legible to mark the spot of those who once lived here and cultivated the broad fields, and viewed the delightful scenery upon the crest of their home hills. Among some names that can be traced, we noticed Lieut. Aaron 30, 1760, aged Jeremiah Kimball, died Kimball, died July 51 years ; in 1764, aged 57 years ; Dr. John �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 200 Clement, years 10 ; died in 1804, aged 61 his son died in 1779, aged years, a son Phinehas died in 1872, aged also who Clement, The Rev. James Scales, minister of Hopkinton, lies in this yard, but no legible stone marks the spot. Dr. Clement was a popular physician in this town and the surrounding country for many years. The cel94 years. the lar first upon which his house stood, can be distinctly seen but a short distance from where his ashes now rest. Northeast from the graveyard, about thirty rods, arc the remains of the old Putney Fort. Here the people of the neighborhood congregrated nights, when the Indians were lurking round for captives; but with these precautions, the inhabitants suffered much from their depredations. April 22, 1746, all six Indians broke into the garrison, and captured eight persons while in their beds, and hurried them off. April 13, 1753 they took Abraham Kimball, the first male child born in town, and Samuel Putney, (whose grandson is now living on this hill) and carried them away. The third day after their capture, the Indians were surprised while encamped on a hill west of Boscawen Plains, and in order to escape, they left Putney behind. Kimball was rescued through the help of a dog, which seized an Indian, while in the act of drawing his tomahawk to kill him. The views obtained from Putney Hill, are some of the finest and most extensive to be found in the State. At the north can be distinctly seen Mooshillock, in Benton, while a little further to the White Face, and ChoPeak in Sandwich, Waterville and Albany. At the northeast, the Gilmanton Mountains in Gilford, at the east, the Catamount in Pittsfield, and Fort Mountain in east are the corua's Epsom ; further to the south, are high hills in Francestown and Deering; at the southwest, the towering summit of the Monthe adnock in Jaffrey, is in full at the west, the Sunapee view lifts its lofty crest at the northwest, right before you, stands the old Kearsarge, as the central monarch of ; chain of mountains which of nearly two hundred and fifty miles while at your feet can be seen the villages, the farm-houses, the meadows and the broad ntervals through which meanders the Contoocook, whose limpid waters sparkle in this vast make a circumference ; i the summer sunbeams. mountains and On this seven of the ten counties in the State can be seen. Villages. About eight miles west from Concord, is situated, on elevated ground, the old but pleasant village of Hopkinton. Sevenhill, ty years ago, hills in this village was the most important with the ex- ception of Concord, in central New-Hampshire. The State Legislature convened here in 1798, 1801, in 1806. and 1807. The decision stood on a pivot for several years, as to having the capital of the State here, or at Concord, but it was finally decided in favor of Concord, and permanently established there in 1808. The courts Hillsborough county were alternately holden here and at Amherst, for nearly forty years, or until it was set off to help form Merrimack county in 1823. The main for �201 HOPKINTON. street is "wide and beautifully shaded with the elm and maple. The elms in this village, with the ex- ception of Exeter, are the largest in the State. Many of the houses have an antique appearance, but all are kept in good repair, and be- token an air of wealth. There are eight or ten wells in the village, from 45 to 65 feet in depth, nearly all of which were dug over a hun- sides lumber mills, wool carding, carriages, fish kits,* harnesses, tin ware, black-smith's, &c. There are three church edifices, two school-houses, an Academy, six or eight stores of all kinds, one hotel, telegraph, express and post ofinsurance agent, three phyfices, hundred sicians, and over one It is a very dwelling houses. pleasant and desirable village to reside in, having as citizens, dred years ago. In the fall of men some the Perkins House was destroyed by fire. This hotel was a great resort for summer tourists. In the spring of 1873, the Town House and Academy building was burnt. It was built sometime in the last century. In this house the Legislature of the State met, also the county courts. of For many years an Academy was it, and became very popular the farmers good markets for their surplus products at Contoocook, Concord and Fisherville. 14,600 bushels of corn, 8000 bushels of oats and bar- 1872, the kept in for the reason of there being a very quiet and moral The community around old cemetery is near the centre of the village, and is a lovely spot. Many interments in these it. grounds date back over one hundred years. A new cemetery of fifteen acres has been located a little east of the village, towards Concord. In the village are three churches, school-house, library, one store, and seventy or eighty dwellings. About three miles west of Hopkinton village, on the Contoocook river, is situated the enterprising village of Contoocook. grown up within years, and is It has the last thirty the seat of considera- and manufacturing. annually manufactures 120,000 yards of flannel, valued at $ 36,000. One grist-mill annually grinds 8,600 bushels of grain of all kinds valued at § 8,600. Doors, sash and blinds, $20,000, be- ble trade One flannel mill the wealthiest in The Contoocook Valley State. forms a junction with Railroad the Concord and Claremont, at this point, thus affording excellent rail- road facilities for all sections of the country. The Employments. larger por- tion of the people are devoted to agricultural pursuits ; find ley, 19,000 bushels potatoes, 1,200 bushels onions, 54,000 pounds butter, 19,000 pounds cheese, and 4,600 tons of hay are annually produced 125,000 clapboards, 450,000 shingles and laths, 1,120,000 feet of boards, of all kinds, are annually sawed, valued at $ 23,600; leather tanned to the value of $ 17,300 doors, sash and blinds, $20,000, besides flannel, ; ; wool carding, kits, &c. The total value of manufactured goods, is $ 119,800. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $186,582; mechanical labor, $25,600; stocks and money deposits in savings banks, $ 192,628 stock in at interest, $69,333; ; trade, $ 15,720. * Saturday night, November 15, 1873, the buildings containing the above manufactories were destroyed by fire. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 202 Churches and Schools. At Hop- kinton, Congregational, Rev. J. K. Five," afterwards " New-Hopkinton." The settlements were com- Young, pastor; members, 120; church value, $8,000; Baptist, Rev. A. Snyder, pastor members, 75; value, $7,500; St. Andrews, Episcopal, supplied by St. Paul's School; communicants 40; value, $ 3,000. Contoocook Methodist, Rev. D. Howard, pastor; mem- menced value, $3,000; Freewill Baptist, Rev, J. D. Osgood, pastor; January ; ; bers, 22; members, 80 ; value, $ 3,000 ; Swe- denborgian, Rev. Charles Hardon, members, 32; value, $2, There are 21 schools in town the Kimwere settlers and Putney's. Henry Miller and others received a new grant of this town in 1756, which was the occasion of long and bitfirst ball's regard to titles. the population was 1,085, and, with the exception of Amherst, was the most populous ter average length for the year, eighteen weeks; total amount annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 2,499.84. Literary Institutions. Contoocook Academy, Charles Hardon, Principal. New-Hampshire Philomathic and Antiquarian was 1873. Society. established Its This society November 19, rooms are located in Contoocook. This society is the outgrowth of the Philomathic Club formed in 1859, by three young men then residing in this village. There is now a museum of some 2,000 or 3,000 specimens of antiquities and other curiosities. The society desires and solicits the ac- quaintance and co-operation of all persons of antiquarian or scientific pursuits throughout the State. The Rev. Silas Ketchum, of Bristol, is the Corresponding Secretary. Libraries. Hopkinton Public Library, 750 volumes. Contoocook Social Library, 650 volumes. Hotel. Contoocook House. Early Settlements. Hopkinton was granted by Massachusetts to John Jones and others, January 16, 1735, and was called " Number disputes in town pastor; 000. by emigrants from Among the Mass. in 1740, Hopkinton, 11, 1775, in central New-Hampshire. Rev. James Ministers. First Scales, Congregational, in 1757, dismissed in Scales was ordained ordained 1770. Mr. in Putney's on Putney's Hill. Rev. Elijah Fletcher, ordained in 1773, died in 1789. Rev. Jacob Cram, ordained in 1789, dismissed in 1794. Rev. Ethan Smith, settled in 1800, dismissed in 1817. Boundaries. North by Warner and Boscawen, east by Concord, Fort, by Bow, Dunbarton and Weare, and west by Henniker. Area, 26,967 acres improved land, south ; 17,590. Eight miles west of Distances. Concord. Railroads. Concord and Clare- mont Railroad runs through the northeast corner of the town. The The station is at Contoocook. Contoocook Valley Railroad has its terminus at Contoocook, and forms a junction with the Concord and Claremont Railroad. HUDSON. Hillsborough County. The surface of this town, back from the Merrimack, is uneven, and the soil is more turage, suitably adapted to pas- and the growth of wood and timber, than to tillage. On �203 JACKSON. the river, there are large intervals of a deep, fertile soil, producing fine crops of corn, vegetables, and hay. The surplus products of the farmers are readily sold in the city of Nashua, at fair prices. River and Ponds. The western border of Hudson, is washed by Merrimack River. Little Massabesick and Otternick, both covering a surface of three hundred acres, are the principal bodies of water. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the people who receive a good return for their There labor. is some manufac- turing done in town, but not on an extensive scale. Extension tables, plane woods, &c, are manufac- About tured. 700,000 feet of lum- ber, are annually sawed. Agricultural Resources. ducts, $ 133,321 ; pro- mechanical labor, stocks, &c, money at interest, $ 2,900 $20,600; $12,500; in savings banks, $ ; deposits 135,775 ; stock $ 14,483. The resources town clearly show that the inhabitants are prosperous, and in trade, of this ought to be happy. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. S. M. Blanchard, pastor in 1870; Methodist, Elder Baptist, C. A. Cressey," pastor; Rev. A. W. Chaflin, pastor. There are ten schools in town average length for the year, twenty-two weeks. Annual amount appropri; ated for school purposes, $1,394.80. First Settlements. This town was included in the grant of Dunstable, and formerly called Nottingham West, noV Nashua, and settle- ments were commenced by Messrs. Blodgett, Winn, Lovewell, Colburn, Hill, Greeley, Cross, ings, Pollard, Cum- Marsh and Merrill, in 1710. Incorporated July 5, 1746, name changed to Hudson in 1830. The first settlements were commenced on the banks of the river, where the Indians had cleared fields for the cultivation of corn. Near the old Indian cornfields, cinders have been found, similar to those produced in blacksmiths' works. The first inhabitants lived in garrisons. While the men were fields and forests, and children were abroad in the the women lodged in these places of security. First Ministers. Rev. Nathaniel Merrill, Congregational, settled in Rev. Jabez P. 1737, died in 1796 Fisher, settled in 1796, dismissed ; in 1807. Boundaries. North by Litchfield and Londonderry, east by Windham and Pelham, south by Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, and west by Nashua. Area, 17,379 acres; improved land, 9,443 acres. Thirty-eight miles Distances. south from Concord, and two and one half miles east from Nashua. Railroads. Two miles to Nashua station, on the Concord and Nashua Railroad. The Nashua and Rochester Railroad, now being constructed, will pass through Hudson. JACKSON. Carroll County. Jackson is a mountainous town. Along the streams are some very fine lands, producing excellent crops, which find a home market, for the reason that summer tourists who this romantic town, number about frequent 500 annually. Rivers and Mountains. The two branches of Ellis River are the principal streams. Thorne and Iron Mountains are the most important elevations in town. �204 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. Minerals. Tin ore has been found here in considerable quantities. In the southern part, bordering on Bartlett, and near Rocky Branch, an affluent of Ellis River, one of the most valuable mines of iron ore in the United States, with everything considered. The is vein now in Avidth, being opened, and is 55 feet 175 rods in length. It is evident the whole mountain intersected by numerous veins of excellent iron ore, and will is furnish an inexhaustible supply. This ore has been tested by one of the most celebrated English iron and steel manufacturers, who favorably reported upon its good qualities, as producing the finest quality of steel. Until recently, been far from any means of transportation by railway, but now the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, which extends through Bartlett, will pass within three miles of the mine, and a branch road may be easily built up Rocky Branch, to a point near the shafts. (See Bartlett.) this ore has The future prospects of Jackson are very flattering. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in farming and keeping summer boarders. are exbuilt, the coming Some new manufactories pected to be season. Resources. soil, $72,243; $ 1,800 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, money at interest, $ 3,800 deposits in savings banks, $ 4,084 from summer tourists, $25,000; stock in trade, $ 2,700, Churches and Schools. There are two churches of the Freewill Baptist denomination, Rev. Cha's. Hurlin, is pastor of one of them. There are seven public schools. Average length of schools for the There is an annual church and school fund of $ 400. Hotels. Jackson Falls Hotel, " Thorne Mountain House," and " Iron Mountain House. These Houses are full of guests, through year, ten weeks. 1 the summer ' season. Benjamin Copp, town with his family in 1779, and remained fourteen years before any other person settled here. The town was incorporated by the name of Adams, December 4, 1800. It was changed to its present name, in 1829, First Settlers. came to this First Minister. kins, Rev. Daniel ElF. Baptist, settled here in A 1809. Freewill Baptist church was formed in 1803. Boundaries. North and west by Pinkney's Grant, east by Chatham, and south by Bartlett. Area 31,968 acres, improved land, Distances. 5,496 acres. from 90 miles north Concord, and forty-five north from Ossipee. Railroad. Two and one half miles to railway station, on Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad. JAFFREY. Cheshire County. The uneven surface of this town affords numerous meadows and rich pastures, causing it to be peculiarly adapted to raising cattle. There are some very fine farms, however, well cultivated, and producing ex- cellent crops; but, like too of many neighboring towns, the farming interest is neglected the young men being inclined to leave their paternal home, And seek their fortunes elsewhere. There are but few country towns which offer better inducements in natural resources, for the people the — �205 JAFFREY. happy and prosperous, than Its fine water power and delightful scenery have attracted the attention of capitalists, and the lovers of lake and mountain out of three of which issue streams In the sufficient to carry mills. largest, which is four hundred rods long, and one hundred wide, The number of tourists who spend their summer vacation acres. to be Jaffrey. scenery. in this delightful town is estimated at over eight hundred, while thou- sands annually visit the mountains for a day's recreation. With this advantage the farmer can find a ready sale for all the surplus products of his farm, at remunera-. tive prices. Mountain. The Grand Monad- nock, which lies mostly in this town, has an altitude of 3718 feet From the sumabove the ocean. mit of this mountain, some fine views of the surrounding country for many miles in extent can be obtained. House Monadnock Mountain way main road to the top of situated about half is from the the mountain, and can be easily reached by a passable road. The number of arrivals at this hotel last year was 12,000. About one and one- Spring. half miles in a south-easterly direction from the mountain, is Mo- nadnock Mineral Spring. The waters are impregnated with carbonate of iron and sulphate of soda. Yellow ochre collects in considerable quantities, where the spring issues from the earth. The temperature of the water is so high that it has never been known an island containing about ten is There is considerable wapower in the east part of the town near the Monadnock Railter still unimproved. The inhabitants Employments. are largely engaged in manufacturing, mercantile trade, and keeping summer boarders, who road, visit this town in summer the months, for recreation and health. The value of cotton drills annually manufactured is $192,000; 1,000, 000 shingles, and 2,210,000 feet of boards are annually sawed. The Contoocook River knife works annually manufacture $ 14,000 worth of shoe knives of all kinds. Besides these, are nest boxes, bobclothes pins, bins, boots, shoes, Village. chair stock, &c, produced. East Jaffrey pleasantest one of is in the In this village is a cotton manufactory, knife maunufacto- the villages State. large saw and wooden ware, boots, ry, grist mill, shoes, &c, ten stores, one large hotel, two banks, three churches, express and telegraph office, post eight or office, railroad station, and about one hundred dwelling houses. Resources. Agricultural produc- mechanical labor, $ 61,400; railroad stock and bonds, $72,500; money at interest, $33, tions, $67,136; stock in trade, $39,630; de- to freeze over. 600; Streams and Ponds. Several streams issue from the sides of the posits in savings banks, Monadnock, the largest of which rises about one hundred rods from its crest, and forms the principal source of the Contoocook River. There are several ponds in town, wealth, ranks the fourth town in the county; in population the seventh. from summer Jaffrey, tourists, $ 134,858 $32,000. in Churches and Schools. 1st Con- gregational, Rev. Rufus Case, pas- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 206 East Jaffrey 2d CongregaRev. D. N. Goodrich, pasUnivertor Baptist, salis!, Rev. J. M. H. Smith, pas- tor, at ; tional, ; ; tor. Congregational, 80 1st mem- $ 4,000 2d Congregamembers, value, $3,500; members, value, 86 Baptist, $ 3,000 Universalist, 20 members, value, $ 3,000. There are thirteen and fourteen districts, school Average length schools in town. bers, value, ; tional, 50 ; of schools for the year, nineteen weeks. Value of school houses, $ The 11,000. Conant High School has placed Jaffrey in the front rank of facilities mon and for com- missed in tional The Congregawas formed in 1780. North by Dublin, Boundaries. by Peterborough and Sharon, south by Rindge and Fitzwilliam, and, west by Troy and Marlborough. Area, 28,600 acres. miles Distances. Forty-six south west from Concord, and fifteen south-east from Keene. Railroad. Monadnock Railroad passes through the south-east part of the town. Railroad station at Two miles to the East Jaffrey. centre of the town; conveyance by stage. east high school education. Jaffrey Social LibraEast Jaffrey, 500 volumes; ry, J. M. H. Smith's private library, 669 volumes. Monadnock Savings Banks. Bank, East Jaffrey, and Monadnock National Bank, East Jaffrey. 1782. Church JEFFERSON. Libraries. Monadnock Mountain Hotels. Hotel; Centre, Central House, Massasoit House, and Granite State Hotel, East House, Jaffrey. $62,000. Cutter's Total Value of hotels, of arrivals for number the year at all the hotels, 19,600. There are three livery stables with 26 horses, which are valued at $12,600. This town First Settlements. was granted by the Masonian proprietors, to forty persons, in 1749. In 1758, a Mr. Grant, and John Davidson made the first settlement. It was originally called Middle Monadnock, or Number two. In 1773, the town was incorporated and received its name from George Jaffrey, Esq., of Portsmouth. First Minister. Rev. Laban Ainsworth, settled in 1778; dis- Coos County. The surface of this town is rough, uneven and broken with mountains and On hills. the south-west side of Pliny Mountain, the soil is rich and productive, and furnishes several ex- An extensive and view of the White Mountains is obtained from this farming neighborhood. The hills and base of the mountains furnish some excellent grazing and tillage land. cellent farms. delightful In proportion to the number of acres of improved land, Jefferson produces more bushels of potatoes than any other town in the State. Ponds and Streams. Cherry and Safety Ponds, are the principal Israel's River bodies of water. passes through the town from south-east to north-west, and here receives a considerable tributary. There is some very good water power on these streams. Summer Resorts. The fine mountain scenery found in Jefferson, made it quite popular as a summer resort. There are three large hotels, besides many houses has �KEENE. 207 prepared for the reception of sum- his mer Jefferson was incorporated De- cember 1796. The Waumbeck, boarders. Mt. Adams, and Jefferson the Hill, are names of the public houses. The scenery, at Waumbeck the House of the surrounding country, is grand. At the rear of the house is Star King Mountain which is From the piazza of the Hotel, people on the summit of Mount Washington can be diseasily ascended. tinctly seen with a glass. Fine views can be had from all the Hotels in town. Employments. Agriculture is the principal vocation of the people. Lumber to the value of $ 46,500 four starch is annually sawed; escape 8, S 75,600. bushels potatoes pro- duced, 78,467. Resources. Agricultual productions, S $ 84,600 19,900 ; mechanical labor, deposits ; banks, $717.00; from 84,399; savings in stock in trade, summer tourists, Churches and Schools. MethoThere $ 20,000. dist, I. J. Tebbetts, pastor. stratagem. Boundaries. North by Lancaster and Kilkenny, east by Randolph, south by White mountain region and Carroll, and west by Whitefield. Area, 26,676 acres; area of improved land, 6,980 acres. Ten miles southDistances. east from Lancaster, and by railroad and stage, one hundred and forty-seven miles north from Concoi'd. Railroad. ter station Ten miles to Lancas- on the Montreal Exten- sion Railroad. KEENE. mills manufacture 190 tons 6tarch, valued at $ 15,200; 11,000 bushels meal and flour ground, § 13,800. Total value of goods manufactured, through Cheshire County. Coming in the cars from Bellows Falls, Ver- mont, on the Cheshire railroad, as you wind around the brow of a hill, you first obtain a view of Keene, nestling in the valley of the Ashuelot. Before you are the meadows, fields, the meandering Ashuelot, the farm houses, the church spires peering through the maple or elm, while farther in the distance are the hills which act as the cultivated citadels to guard this delightful are eight schools in town; average length for the year, fourteen vale against the chilling blasts of a northern climate the whole weeks. This town presenting a grand panoramic view of nature and art combined, John Goffe rarely excelled. First Settlements. was granted to Colonel under the name of Dartmouth, October 3, 1765; June 26, 1772, it was regranted to Mark H. Wentworth and others. Colonel Joseph Whipple, Samuel Hart and others, commenced the first settlement about 1773. Colonel Whipple was captured here in his house, by a party of Indians, headed by a white man, during the war of the revolution. He succeeded in making — Keene is situated in a broad valwhich was in ages past the ley, bed of a primeval lake. Its alluvial deposits extend down to unknown depth, covering about one third the surface of the town, and varying in character from a clean sand to pure clay, with vast deposits of peat and swamp muck composed of the vegetable accumulations of centuries. These, whex �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 208 properly drained, will make meadow lands that will vie in fertility with the prairies of the West. This valley is watered by the Ashuelot river and its tributaries, which run through the town, affording several valuable mill sites, some of which are still unoccupied. The soil, generally, in the valley, is while the hill-sides are well adapted to grazing. Granite, fertile, and shoe facone glue factory, two soap factories, four tanneries one of erection, one boot tory, — them the — two two brick yards, two mills. grist-mills, and six saw There are in use eight steam engines, furnishing motive power for largest in the State potteries, the various occupations, in addition to several water powers in There are from use. fifty to sev- of enty-five stores of all kinds, three ite, large hotels, town hall, court house, seven church edifices, several school-houses, three printing of- good quality for quarrying, abounds in many parts of the town. A peculiar quality of grandesignated " rotten stone," is found in abundance in several localities, affording the best mateIt contains rial for road-making. a portion of sulphuret of iron, which decomposes, and leaves the rock in a very fragile condition, easily reduced, and convenient for use. All branches of business pursued in the place are in a very flourishing condition. In point of energy, enterprise, and growth, it may be considered the leading town in the State, with a population of about seven thousand five hundred. The offices, depots, and shops of the Cheshire and Ashue- five banks, besides many lawyers physicians', dentists', and insurance offices. Some of the business blocks are the finest and most expensive structures of the kind in the State. Its natural refices, 1 , sources consist in its numerous water privileges, some of which are still timber, its wood and fertile soil, favorable unoccupied, its for agriculture, ries, its ing its granite quar- vast beds of clay for brick, mak- peat beds, which be utilized as fuel, or its in time may prepared for fertilizing the adjacent fields. There are hundreds lot railroads are at this place, and with their extensive business, find of acres in different parts of the town, consisting entirely of peat employment for a large number These buildings measure more than a mile in length, and with their solidity and beauty, constitute an important part of the village. The new shops and fac- and muck beds, which by a proper manipulation can be made into compost that for all practical pur- of hands. tories, erected in different parts of the plac"e, are generally substantial and beautiful structures, imparting a business air to the town. There is a flannel factory, a pail factory, an iron foundry, two carriage mantwo chair shops, two furniture shops, one sash and blind factory, and another in process of ufactories, poses stable is equal in value to ordinary This can easily be manure. made available by the proprietors, who can thus add an immense value to their cultivated lands. The location of the town in the great basin makes it the natural centre of business for most of the county and portions of the adjacent territory, by affording means of communication facilties and commercial unsurpassed by any other �KEENE. 209 town in the State. Its increasing population since the close of the war has required the erection of a number of houses, varying from $ seventy-five to one hundred annu- chairs, of all kinds, some of which, in point of beauty and value, are not excelled by any private residences in the State. These with the generally neat appearance of the streets, shaded with majestic elms, make Keene one of the most beautiful 000 pails, and blinds, ally, villages in New-England. The park in the centre of the village, with its grove and soldiers' monument, surrounded by substantial business blocks, makes the place particularly attractive to visitors. It is supplied with an abundance of pure water from a small lake three miles distant, of sufficient elevation to force a stream of water ov- er the roofs of the highest build- thus rendering the place comparatively secure against the ravages of fire. Its advantageous situation, in connection with the ings, enterprise of its citizens, and its lo- it a prospect of future prosperity and continued cal resources, gives growth in manufactures, wealth and population, and, ere long, it will be ranked as one of the cities of New-Hampshire. Employments The inhabitants, are principally engaged in manufacturing and mercantile trade. It is one of the largest centres for trade in the State. The manufactures are varied and extensive. 86,400 sides of leather and 11,500 are annually tanned, valued at $ 624,000. At the Beaver Mills are annually manufactured furniture, chairs, machinery, and other mechanical works, to the value of $ 242,000. There are calf-skins made 60 tons of glue, valued at 30,000; 3,800 chamber-sets, 8 115, soap and candles, §54,500; 5,550 cases of men's and women's boots and shoes, $ 255,000 143,600 000; ; $ 182,866; 260, $43,000; doors, sash, valued at § 125,000 brush handles, $ 14,000; machinery of kinds, §80,000; foundry, all $75,000; pottery works, S 35,000; 700,000 yards of flannel of the best quality, $315,000; 550 sleighs 150 carriages, $65,700 ; and besides gas works, railroad shops, carpenters, butchers, photographers, custom boot and shoe manufacturers, plumbers, organ manufacturer, bookbinders, cloth dryers, tin ware, marble workers, blacksmiths, brick, bakery, hair work, tailors, milliners, and various other kinds of mechanical work too numerous to mention. The total amount in~ vested in manufactories is $ 1,138, 300. 1,221 males, and 109 females are employed, who annually receive for their labor, $636,000. Total value of manufactured goods, $2,757,700. (See statistical table.) Resources. Agriculturial products, $144,134; $636,000; money mechanical labor, &c, $372,350; stocks at interest, $118,910; de- posits in savings banks, $583,338; stock in trade, $ 426,450 from summer ; estimate $ 6,000. and professional services are estimated at $ 300,000 or more. Churches and Sclwols. Congre- The tourists, clerical Rev. W. O. White, pastor; number of members, 90 church valuation, $ 30, First Congregational, Rev. 000. Cyrus Richardson, pastor; members, 290 church value, $ 45,000. Second Congregational, Rev. J. A. Leach, pastor; members, 290; gational Unitarian, ; ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 210 Grace church value, $33,000. Ghurch, (Methodist) Rev. T. L. Flood, members, pastor; 300; church value, $50,000; Baptist, RevW. H. Eaton, D. D., pastor; members, 184; chui'ch valuation, $ 16,000. St. James, (Episcopal,) Rev. George W. Brown, rector; communicants, 100 church value, $ 40,000. St. Bernard's (Catholic,) Rev. D. W. Murphy, priest; members, 1,600; church value, $ 10,000. ; is now buildnew church edifice, (1873). number of churches, 7; number of members, 2,850 church The Baptist society ing a Total ; There are eleven school districts, and thirty schools in Keene. Number of valuation, $223,000. average length for the year, twenty-nine weeks; scholars, 1,190; annual amount of money appropriated for school purposes, $ 14,978. The schools 14. as high as in town stand any town in the in this ; ; volumes or moi'e, 24,150. There are at least six Sundayschool libraries, ranging from 500 to 1000 volumes each. Hotels. Cheshire House, Eagle Hotel, and American House. To400 tal $ value of hotels in the town, 170,000 ; total number of arrivals for the year, 24,300. There are four Livery Stables. livery stables, with fifty-nine hors- State. Keene Faulkner, Esq., 500; George Cook, Esq., 800; J. H. Elliott, Esq., 500 Rev. J. A. Leach, 2,700 Samuel W. Hale, 500; D. W. Gilbert, 400; I. F. Prouty, 400; Gen. S. G. Griffin, 800; C. T. Buffum, 400; Rev. G. W. Brown, 900; Dr. H. H. Darling, 600 Rev. W. H. Eaton, D. D., 900; C. C. Webster, Esq., 500; Rev. D. W. Murphy, 400; G. H. Tilden & Co., 600; Horatio Colony, Esq., 800; Julius N. Morse, 500; Hon. T. M. Edwards, 500; and Samuel Dinsmore, 500. Total number of volumes in libraries of S. Natural History Society valued at $ 12,000. Banks. Cheshire National, Ash- es, was organized in 1872, and has met with eminent success in col- uelot lecting illustrative specimens of the several departments pertain- Cheshire Provident Institution for Savings, and Keene Five Cent Sav- ing to the natural sciences. The interest in this enterprise is grow- ings Bank. ing rapidly and its members have already a museum consisting of numerous objects exemplifying the Sentinel mineral, and animal kingdoms, in their various phases, together with rare and curious works of art. Libraries. Keene Public Libra- setts, volumes Carpenter, M. D., (private), 800; D. H. Woodward, Esq., 500; Rev. E, A. Renouf, 1,000; Messrs. Wheeler and Faulkner, Esqs., 450; G. B. Twitchell, M. D., 1,000; Mrs. Ingersoll, 1,200; Gen. James Wilson, 700 Rev. W. O. White, 1,800 C. ry, 3,000 ; ; A. S. ; National, Keene National, New-Hampshire Newspapers. Cheshire Republican. First ; Settlements. originally granted Keene was by Massachu- under the name of Upper The first settlement was commenced about the year Ashuelot. 1734, by Jeremiah Hall, Elisha Root, Nathaniel Rockwood, Seth Heaton, Josiah Fisher, Nathan Blake, and others. It was incorporated under its present name, April 11, 1753, in honor of an Eng- nobleman, Sir Benjamin Keene. From Hayward's Gazetteer, we lish �211 KEENE. append a few extracts, showing the danger, hardships, and cruelties which the first settlers of Keene were subjected to by Indian incursions. "The usual scourge which attended the frontier settlements visited this town. In 1745, the Indians killed Josiah Fisher, a deacon of the church in 1746, they attacked ; the fort, marched the first detachment of men from this town, in the war of tire revolution, and participated in the battle of Bunker This company (Breed's) Hill. consisted of thirty men. The list of the foot company in Keene, at this time, numbered one hundred soldier, and twenty-six They were, however, discovered by Capt. Ephraim Dorman, in season to prevent their taking it. He was attacked by two tablished Indians, but defended himself suc- in cessfully against them, An the fort. and reached action ensued, in which John Bullard was killed; Mrs. M'Kenney, being out of the fort, was stabbed and died; and Nathan Blake taken prisoner and carried to Canada, where he remained two years. Mr. Blake afterwards returned where he lived 1811, at till to the age of ninety-nine years and five months. was ow all Keene, his death, in When he ninety-four, he married a wid- of sixty. The Indians burnt the buildings in the settlement, including the meeting house. The inhabitants continued in the fort until April, 1747, when the In 1753, town was abandoned. they returned, and recommenced In 1755, the Indians again attacked the fort. Their number was great, and the onset violent, but the vigilance and courage of Capt. Syms successAfter burning fully defended it. their settlements. several buildings, killing cattle, &c, they withdrew. They again invaded the town, but with and influential the alarm the ' 1 1 Sentinel,' at Keene, 1799, is still living in and is the es- "New-Hampshire in this March, town, one of the oldest printers Father United States. deposited his 74th annual vote for State and county officers, on the 11th day of March, 1873.* Keene has been the birth place and residence of many prominent and talented men, who have held many honorable positions, both in the State and Nation. Prentiss A First Ministers. was erected fice 1736. In 1736, church edi- in this town in the Rev. Jacob Bacon was ordained; left in 1747. Rev. Ezra Carpenter settled in 1753 left in 1760. Rev. Clement Sumner, ordained in 1761 left in 1772. Rev. Aaron Hall, settled in ; ; 1778; died in 1814. North by WestBoundaries. moreland, Surry, and Gilsum, east by Sullivan and Roxbury, south by Swanzey, and west by ChesterArea, field and Westmoreland. 22,040 acres; improved land, 11,445 acres. Distances. Ninety miles northwest from Boston, and fifty-five south-west from Concord. Railroads. The railroad facili- little Since writing the above, Mr. Prentiss died, success." Colonel Isaac ; Hon. John Prentiss, who the only protection of the inhabitants. men list forty-five. Wyman, an June 6, 1873, aged 95 years. He was an excellent man in every relation of life, and he died full of both years and honor. Friday, active man, and a brave �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 212 town are good. Cars " Ashuelot" and the on the "Cheshire" railroads leave daily ties of this When the " country. of the for all sections Manchester and Keene Railroad" is completed, thereby giving a more direct communication with the central portion of the State, the railroad facilities of Keene will be nearly perfected. Ken- sington has generally an even surand the soil is deep and fer- face, and well adapted to grazing and produces excellent tillage, The average value crops. of agri- cultural products for each acre of improved land is over $ 14. This all improved land except includes wood land. The State of Illinois averages less than $11, or 22 per cent less than Kensington. The farmers find a ready market at Exeter, three miles distant, for their surplus products, at fair There are some fine farms under a high state of cultivation. prices. From the summit of Fogg's or Moulton's Hill, an extensive view can be had of the broad Atlantic, and many cities and Productions of the $82,794; mechanical labor. $25,650; stocks and money at interest, $ 13, 129 deposits in savings banks, $ 16,856 stock in trade, Resources. soil, ; ; $9,445; $ from summer tourists, 1,200. Churches and Schools. tor Rockingham County. and tannery, a plow manufac and a wheelwright's shop. Congre- gational, Rev. E. D. Eldridge, pas- KENSINGTON. tile, small tory, villages. Many tourists stop through the summer in this ancient and pleasant town. Ponds. Muddy Pond is the only body of water of any note. It derives its name from the turbid appearance of its waters. Employments. Agriculture and shoe business is the principal employment of the people. 120,000 pairs of shoes are annually made, valued at $ 120,000, giving employment to about 40 men. 650,000 feet of lumber, of all kinds, are annually sawed. There is one ; Baptist, salist, ; . Univer- There are two Average length schools in town. of schools for the year, thirty-four weeks. Libraries. Kensington Ladies' Sewing Circle Library, 500 First Settlements. vols. Kensington was settled at a very early period, but the exact date is not known. It was originally a part of Hampton, from which it was detached and incorporated, April 1, 1737. First Ministers. Rev. Jeremiah Fogg, (Congregational,) ordained in 1737, died in 1789; Rev. Naphtali Shaw, ordained in 1793, dismissed in 1812. The Congregational society was drganized in 1737. Boundaries. east by North by Exeter, Hampton and Seabrook, south by South Hampton, and west by East Kingston. Total area, 7,045 acres; improved land, 5,729 acres. Distances. About forty miles south-east from Concord and three south from Exeter. By Railroads. Newburyport and Exeter daily stage to Exeter station, three miles to the and Maine Railroad. Boston When com- it is expected that the Exand Salisbury Railroad will pass through Kensington. pleted, eter �KILKENNY —KINGSTON. KIMvI»V. the soil being of a sandy loam, easy to cultivate, and when properly fertilized, produces good crops. The plain land is rich and very fertile. The highest elevalevel, Coos County. Since the last gazetteer of New-Hampshire was issued, but little if any change has occured in this" town. It is a rough, rocky, and cold township. Along the southern border of the town is a narrow strip of land which is quite productive and easily cultivated. Mountains. Pilot and Willard's mountain include a large portion of this territory they receive the ; tions are from a fact that a hunter called is Near the centre of the located the village, on a large plain. is ; contained 19 inhabitants ; in 1856, 19, and we have no way of knowing any different census, at the present time. Boundaries. North by Stark, east by Milan, Berlin and Randolph, south by Jefferson, and west by Jefferson and Lancaster. Total area, 15,906 acres. The total value of the whole town, is Distances. One hundred and twenty miles north from Concord, and fifteen east from Lancaster. KINGSTON. Rockingham surface of this The County. town is generally The carriage business extensively carried on here, and, with the exception of Concord, more business is done in that line, than at any other point in the State. There are three churches, school house, academy, three hotels, four or five stores, of various kinds, and about one hundred dwelling is about two miles to the railway station, on the Boston and Maine Railroad, at East Kingston. houses. It Employments. The inhabitants are about equally divided between manufacturing, and mercantile trade on one side, and farming on the other. Carriages, to the value of $ 126,000, are annually manufactured, leather, $ 10,000 lumber, ; $5,000, besides sale shoes, and other small mechanical shops. The total value of goods annually manufactured, is $ 163,800. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $56,303; mechanical labor, $ 20,000. and Village. town, this with his dog. On the east side of the mountain was his camp each day he noticed the dog left him, as he supposed in pursuit of game, but towards night he would return. At last he resolved to follow him and, on the following day, he set out with the dog, and after three days of hunger and fatigue, was brought back to his camp by his faithful guide and companion. Organization. This town was granted to Jonathan Warner and others, June 4, 1774. In 1840, it Hill, Ponds. There are several ponds, the largest of which is Great Pond, which covers about three hundred acres. All the ponds have an area of eight hundred acres. named Willard, was once lost on mountain, while out hunting High Rockrimmon. name of Pilot and Willard's mountain 213 $ 53,600 stocks, and money $ 12,679 deposits in ; at interest, ; savings banks, $13,172; stock in trade, ists, $ 9,495 ; from summer tour- $2,000. Churches and Schools. CongreRev. Jacob Chapman, pastor; Methodist, Rev. Joseph gational, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 214 Hayes, pastor; Union, . died in 1795, aged sixty-five years. There are six schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, twenty-two weeks. Kingston Literary Institution. Academy, John W. Sanborn, prin- Rev. Ward First Ministers. Clark, (Congregational,) ordained in 1725, died in 1737 Rev. Joseph Secombe, settled in* 1737, died in cipal. in Alphia House, Towle's Hotel, and Farmer's Hotel. First Settlements. Kingston was granted by Lieutenant Governor Usher, to James Prescott, Ebenezer Webster, and others from Thayer, D.D., settled in Hotels. Hampton, August 6, 1694, and contained within its borders, East Kingston, Danville and Sandown. The proprietors erected garrisons, and other buildings, and began to cultivate their lands, soon ; 1760 ; Rev. 1762, Amos Tappan, ordained died in 1771; Rev. 1776, E. died in 1812. North by BrentBoundaries. wood, east by East Kingston, south by Newton and Plaistow, and west Hampstead and Danville. by Area, 12,188 acres; area of improved land, 5,786 acres. Thirty-eight miles Distances. south-east from Concord, and six south from Exeter. But they were soon attended with By daily stage to Railroad. East Kingston station, on Boston and Maine Railroad, two miles troubles from the hostile Indians, distant. after they obtained their charter. which had a discouraging effect upon the infant settlement. In 1707, Stephen and Joel Gilman, were ambushed between Exeter and Kingston, but fortunately made their escape. Again in 1712, Stephen Gilman and a comrade, Ebenezer Stevens, were attacked and wounded, and Gilman taken and put to death. Jabez Colman and son were killed while laboring in the field, in 1724, and at the same time four children were taken one escaped, and the others were redeemed. Ancient French coins, and Indian implements of various kinds, have been ploughed up near the ponds. Major Ebene- — zer Stevens, one of the first settlers, was a very distinguished and useful citizen. Kingston was also the residence of the Hon. Josiah Bartlett, who was first govei-nor of the State, under its free constitution. He was a valuable and useful man, both in the town and State, He LACONIA. Belknap County. This town was disannexed from the eastern section of the town of Meredith and incoi-porated under the name of Laconia, in July, 1855. small township, but the good, and, when It is a soil is properly culti- vated, yields abundant crops. It is watered on its eastern border by Long Bay and Winnipiseogee river, which separates it from Gilford. A portion of Winni- squam Lake lies in the south-east- ern part, near the village of Laconia. This lake is a beautiful sheet of water, about six miles in length, and from one half to two miles in width. A small steamboat plies on its waters during the warm season, to the order of With picnics and private parties. these advantages for varied recreations, Laconia has become quite popular as a resort for summer �215 LACONIA. The Winnipiseogee tourists. er in its riv- passage from Long Bay to comes from any car manufactory in New England. Unlike most Winnisquam lake, for the distance of two miles, furnishes some of the best water power in the State, which is improved to the extent of over 1,400 horse power in the manufactories of this character, their shops are so arranged, that every part of a car, from the most simple bolt to the wheels and two shops, with the exception of the Lake Laconia and villages, axle. Village. Lake Village, lying this town and partly in Villages. partly in Gilford, Long is situated at the foot of bay, and on Winnipiseogee About one mile from Lake on the Winnipiseogee, and on the shore of Lake Winnesquam, is located the thriving vilriver. Village, lage of Laconia. scription these of villages, see Employments. Laconia is a large manufacturing and mercantile town, being excelled by but one in the State in proportion to At Laconia village Car Manufacturing Company. They employ over two hundred men, who anits is population. situated the Raulet nually receive for their labor, while the annual production of various kinds, is valued at For many years over $500,000. they manufactured only baggage cars; but for several years past they have been increasing their $ 150,000, facilities for the manufacture of passenger cars, and at the present time (1873) they manufacture every species of cars from common baggage, to the finest palace cars that run over our railroads. Some of the splendid palace cars seen on the Montreal, Vermont Central, Northern and Concord railroads, are made by the skilled workmen of this company. Their work is pronounced as good and as handsomely finished, as made is their in own This gives them an advan- tage in competing with the who purchase ufacturers mantheir wheels, springs, bolts, &c, from other shops. The annual value of manufactured productions has increased from $280,000 to $500,000, within the past three their years. The Belknap For further de- Gilford. town springs, cotton and woolen mills have the capacity of employ- ing 90 males and over 300 females, and annually turn out manufactured goods to the value of $ 756,000. They are at present making some changes in their business and consequently are not in operation. There are five hosiery mills, usually employing 84 males and 166 fe- males, and annually producing 262, 000 dozens of cotton and merino One of not in operation. There is an iron foundery for loom castings, &c. a machine shop for mill work, shafting, and hose, valued at $353,000. the mills at present is ; machinery, grist mill, saw mills, and various other mechanical shops. The employed tories, total number of hands in the various when manufac- are in operation, all is males, 447, females 508, and the annual value of goods manufactured, is $ 1,814,500. Resources. Productions of the soil, $66,157; mechanical labor, $351,950; stocks and money at interest, $56,150; deposits in savings banks, $ 148,280 stock in trade, ; $ 107,000; professional business, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 216 $60,000; from summer tourists, $ 2,000. Churches and Schools. CongreW. F. Bacon, pastor; Unitarian, Rev. C. Fowler, pastor; Catholic, Father M. J. Goodwin, priest; Methodist, Rev. B. W. Chase, pastor; Freewill gational, Rev. H. Lyford, pasThere are eight schools in town, five of which are graded. Average length of schools for the Baptist, Rev. F. tor. year, twenty-six weeks. amount of money The total appropriated for school purposes, is $2,183.60. The Laconia Libraries. Libra- ry Association has a fund to the amount of $ 1,500 to establish a Public Library at Laconia Village. Hon. O. A. library, J. 1,200 Vaughan, private volumes; Judge E. A. Hibbard, 1,200 volumes. Newspaper Laconia Democrat. . (See tables.) warm in the season, steamboats are in readiness, on the arrival of the trains, to convey passengers to Centre Harbor, Wolfeborough, Alton Bay, and other important points in and around the lake. LANCASTER. Coos County. Lancaster was formerly the whole shire town of Coos county. The population, after the introduction of the Grand Trunk Railway, increased quite rapidly in the northern section of the county, and Colebrook was assigned as shire town for the North- ern Judicial District. ows and The meadtown are intervals in this considered the most extensive and finest there are in the whole valley of the Connecticut, extending back nearly a mile The soil to the uplands. of these intervals is allu- and produces excellent crops of corn, oats and grass; while the vial Banks. Laconia National Bank, Belknap Savings Bank, and Laconia Savings Bank. (See tables.) Hotels. Mount Belknap House, Lake Village Laconia Hotel, and Willard House, at Laconia Vil; lage. First Settlements and First Min- (See Meredith.) Boundaries. North and northeast by Long Bay, east by Gilford, south by Sanbornton, and west and north-west by Meredith. Area of improved land, 4,702 acres. Distances. Twenty-five miles north from Concord to Gilford Court House in Laconia Village. Railroads. The Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad passes along the eastern and north-eastern border of the town, through Laconia and Lake Villages, thence to the Weirs, landing at the outlet of Winnipiseogee Lake, where, uplands, when raise fine pi'operly cultivated, wheat and other crops. The annual value of its agricultu- exceeds that of any ral products other town in the county, and it ranks as the twelfth town in the State in agriculture. There ister. that is is no town more in the State pleasantly situated for mountain scenery than LanThe town itself is not fine caster. mountainous, but towering mountains can be seen on every hand. At the south and south-east, the Franconia hills and the whole range of the White Mountains are in full view ; and in the north east the Stratford or with and 1 ' Percy Peaks, many of the Green Mountains are distinctly visible west; while before you in Vermont to the is the with its meandering Connecticut broad, cultivated intervals �217 LANCASTER. dotted with beautiful farm houses the whole presenting a picture of nature and art combined, worthy of the pencil of a limner's brightest skill. Rivers and Ponds. Connecticut River washes its north-western border for about ten miles. It is about 20 rods wide at this point, very deep and crooked. Israel's River passes through the town in a north-westerly direction, and affords some valuable water power. There are several ponds, the largest of which is Martin Meadow Pond, named for a hunter who frequented this locality many years ago. This communicates with Little Pond. The Baker Pond, one mile north of the village, is a pleasant sbeet of water and is situated so near the Connecticut that, by a short canal, logs are run into it from that river, thus affording remarkable facilities for the steam saw mill, on the track of the railroad, near the inlet. Minerals. Limestone is found in limited quantities. Villages. On Israel's river and about one mile from the Connecticut, is located the large and pleas- ant village of Lancaster. The fine country which surrounds it, the excellent roads, and pleasant drives, together with the magnificent mountain scenery on every side, have rendered it very attractive as a summer resort, for the denizens of our large cities and villages. From the cupola of the Lancaster House nearly as fine a view of river, country, and mountain scenery can be obtained as in any other section of the State. The streets are wide and beautifully shaded, while the business blocks and pri- vate residences, betoken an air of neatness, so much admired by every lover of a village home. The river passes through nearly the center of the village, and is spanned by two substantial bridges, the one on Main street being a In its passage fine structure. through the village it furnishes some fine water power, which is There is generally improved. one paper mill, two saw mills capable of sawing 4,500,000 feet of lumber annually, one carriage factory, one of the largest grist-mills in the State, door, sash and blind factory, furniture shop, foundry, machine shop, tannery, starch mill, two printing offices, shoe shops, harness shops, blacksmith tailors &c. value of goods annually manufactured in the village, including meal and flour ground, is It is the estimated at $300,000. centre of a large mercantile trade. shops, The marble shop, total There are between twenty and thirty stores, of all kinds, with a There capital of over $200,000. are also one bank, two hotels, five church edifices, with another in process of erection, one large graded school house, academy, court house and jail, insurance, express, telegraph, and post offices, twelve lawyers, six physicians, two denThere are about three tists, &c. hundred dwelling houses and fifteen hundred inhabitants in the village. At South Lancaster there is a large steam saw mill doing an There are extensive business. four large potato starch mills in town, and an excellent fair ground and race course where annual fairs and races are held. Employments. The inhabitants in their vocation are about equal- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 218 between agricultural on and manufacturing, mercantile trade and professional business on the other. 4,700 bushels ly divided one side, of corn, 2,300 bushels of wheat, 31, 000 bushels oats, 115,000 bushels potatoes, 68,000 lbs. butter, 27,000 maple sugar, and 5,833 tons of hay are annually produced; 115, lbs. 000 clapboards, 1,000,000 shingles and laths, and 8,500,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed, valued at $ 139, 000 45,000 bushels of grain of all kinds, ground, valued at $ 60,000 350 tons of manilla and straw wrapping paper, valued at $42,000 ; 150 to 200 tons potato starch, worth from $ 15,000 to $ 30,000 carriages $ 20,000 sash and blinds, $ 6,000 furniture, $ 12,000 machine shop, $ 15,000 harness-making, $ 10,000, ; ; ; ; besides printing, foundry, boots and shoes, tin ware, marble work, and various other smaller shops. The value of goods of all annually manufactured is $ 403,200. (See tables.) Productions of the Resources. total kinds soil, $ 181,344; mechanical labor, $ 95,800 money at interest, $ 45, 450 deposits in savings bank, $ 10, 334 stock in trade, $ 200,000 professional business, S 80,000 from summer tourists, $ 10,000. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. H. V. Emmons, pastor Baptist, Rev. Kilburn Holt, pastor; Methodist, Rev. Otis Cole, ; ; ; ; ; ; pastor; Unitarian, Rev. Clark, pastor ; Lyman Catholic, Father I. H. Noiseaux, priest. The foundation for an Episcopal church edifice is now (1873) being laid. There appropriated for school purposes, $ 3,181. There is quite a fund for public schools. The whole number of scholars in town is 563. Literary Institution. Lancaster Academy is a flourishing institution, and holds three terms a year. Libraries. Lancaster Puplic Library, 1,600 volumes; Judge W. Ladd's private library, 1,200 vols Hiram A. Fletcher Esq., 4,000 vols; Ossian Ray, Esq., 1,200 vols; Jacob Benton, Esq. 1,000 vols; Col. H. O. Kent, 1,000 vols. Bank. The County of Coos Savings Bank. (See tables.) Newspapers. The Coos Republican and the Independent Gazette. (See tables.) Hotels. Lancaster House and American House. Total number of arrivals, for the year, 6,000. There is a livery stable attached to each house. First Settlements. Lancaster was granted to Captain David Page and others, July 6, 1763. Mr. Page with his family, and in company with Edward Buckman and Emmons Stockwell, made the settlement, April 19, 1764. first The war of the revolution impeded the progress of the settlement for fear of Indian incursions. All but Stockwell left the settlement and fled for safety to older towns S. he determined to stay and risk the consequences. Many others were induced to return through his courageous example, but the town did not increase very rapidly having only 161 inhabitants in 1790. It originally called " Upper was are fifteen schools in town, three of which are graded; average length for the year, thirty-one Coos." From 1790 Lancaster has been advancing steadily in population and wealth, and is now one of the most important towns in tho weeks; annual amount of money State. �219 LANDAFF. Rev. Joseph First Minister. Willard installed in July, 1794 dismissed in 1822. Boundaries. North by Northumberland, east by Killkenney, south by Jefferson, Whitefield and Dal ton, and west by Guildhall and Area, 23,480 Lunenburg, Vt. area of improved land, 15, acres ; ; 394 acres. One hundred and Distances. miles north of Concord. (by railroad) thirty-seven this town in a northerly and south- erly direction. Grafton County. town farmers is are their labor. The soil of very fertile, and the well rewarded for There are many fine as Landaff. Rivers and Mountains. The wild passes from southeast to north-west, through the Amonoosuck southerly part of the town, and the Great Amonoosuck passes through the north-westerly extremity. These rivers afford some of the best water privileges to be found In the east part is Landaff Mountain, in the centre Cobble Hill, and in the west Bald in the county. which the are principal elevations. Veins of Magnetic Minerals. iron ore have been discovered in Cobble Hill. Employments. of the and 450,000 clap- 880,000 shingles, boards are annually produced. Also 344 tons of potato starch are annually manufactured, valued at $44,200 using 75,000 bushels of potatoes in its manufacture. Two hundred tons of lime is annually made, valued at $ 1,600 and 45,800 pounds of maple sugar manufactured. soil, $ 163,537 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, $18,100; stocks and money at in$26,150; deposits in savstock in trade, ings banks, $ 759 $ 16,350 professional business &c, terest, ; $ farms under a high state of cultivation, producing excellent crops of wheat, corn, oats, barley and potatoes. But one town in the county produces as many potatoes Hill, lumbering. boards &c, ; LANDAFF. this of feet Resources. Railroad. The White Mountain extension of the Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad passes through and agriculture in 2,950,000 A inhabitants large portion are engaged 10,000. MethoChurches and Schools. Church, Rev. Joseph E. Robbins, pastor Union society at Landaff centre, Rev. Albert Gordon, pastor. There are ten schools in town average length for the year, seventeen weeks. Landaff was First Settlements. granted January 3, 1764, to James Avery and others, but the grantees failing to comply with the conditions of the charter, it was declared to be forfeited, and was then granted to Dartmouth College. After the revolution, on the ground that the adjudication of the forfeiture was irregular the original grantees set up their claims and several dist ; ; ' cases were finally the tried by the court, and claims of the grantees, were sustained. Boundaries. North by Lisbon, east by Lincoln, south by Benton, and west by Bath. Area, acres; improved land, 14,071 29,200 acres. miles north-west from Concord, and twelve north-east from Haverhill. Distances. Railroads. Ninety-five The White Moun- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 220 tain (N. H.,) Railroad passes through this town, but the nearest station is at Lisbon, three and one town was named in honor of Governor Langdon, and was incorporated January 11, 1787. First half miles. Minister. A Congrega- Church was formed in 1792 Rev. Abner Kneeland, ordained in tional LANGDON. Sullivan County. Langdon is and high state of cultivation, producing dismissed in 1810. Boundaries. North by Charlestown, east by Acworth, south by Alstead and Walpole, and west by Walpole and Charlestown. Area, excellent crops of corn, oats, hay 9,891 acres. This town, for many years, &c. has been noted for its large, handsome cattle, and, in fact, everything pertaining to agriculture, bears strong marks that farming is not a secondary business with Distances. Fifty miles west from Concord and eighteen southwest from Newport. a small town, both The population. in territory soil is very pro- ductive, and many farms are under a the inhabitants. River. A considerable branch of Cold River passes in a southerly direction through this town, and unites with the main branch, near the south line. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in farming, man which yields to the husband- a rich reward. In propor- Langdon the most wealthy farming town tion to the population, is in the State . 360,000 feet of boards are annually sawed. Productions of the f74,800; mechanical labor, $ 2,500 stocks and bonds, $ 6,700 money at interest, $22,626; deposResources. soil, ; its in savings banks, stock in trade, $ 3,500. $28,098; Churches and Schools. Congre- gational, Rev. Seth Hinkley, pas- tor ; Universalist, . There are Ave schools; average length for the year, twenty-one weeks. Library. The Union Library has about ninety volumes. First Settlers. Seth Walker, Nathaniel Rice and Jonathan Willard settled here in 1773. The 1805 ; Railroad. South Charlestown, on the Sullivan Railroad, distant three miles. Stage runs to Cold River depot, and Bellows Falls. LEBANOK. Grafton County. the largest Lebanon is and most important town in Grafton county, in point of wealth, manufactures and population, and ranks as the fifth town in the county in the value of its ag- ricultural products. It is situated on the Connecticut, and is the southern town in the county, on the river. The town is noted for the enterprising spirit of its inhabitants, and but few towns in the State, have made more rapid progress in its manufactures and population for the past ten years, having increased its population fully one thousand, and doubled its manufactured productions. The surface is broken with hills, which produce fine pasturage for cattle, sheep, and horses. Many of the hills, however, are capable of cultivation, and produce excellent crops of wheat, corn, potatoes and grass, while the fine intervals on the Connecticut and Mascomy yield abundant crops of corn, oatg �LEBANON. and grass. Some of the finest views of the Connecticut valley can be obtained from some of the farm fields in this town. Rivers. Besides the Connecticut, 221 goods manufactured Cole, Bugbee employs 35 is $700,000. & Co's machine shop, men ; annual pay roll, $20,000; value of production of water wheels, circular saw mills Martin $70,000. machine shop, manu- which washes and castings, it is Buck & its western borders, watered by the Mascomy River, which passes nearly through the centre of the town, in a westerly direction, and* affords some of the water power in the bounty. its source from Mascomy Lake, on the eastern border of the town. At the outlet of the lake, is a substantial dam, which regulates finest It has the supply of water, thereby mak- ing it a reliable stream to erect manufactories on. In its passage of eight miles from the lake to the Connecticut it falls nearly four hundred feet. At the Villages. comy lake, is Mas- outlet of situated the pleasant of East Lebanon. At this village is located W. O. Has- little village kell's establishment, for the ufacturing of school furniture man; also a mill for wood-working machinThere are several other small ery. shops, school house, post office, and twenty or thirty dwelling houses. About four miles from East Lebanon on the Mascomy, is situated the large manufacturing village of Lebanon. The river, in its descent through the village, (less than a mile) has a fall of over one hundred feet. In this village, is located the celebrated Sturtevant Manufacturing Company, for the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, chamber furniture, and finishing for builders and contractors. It is the largest establishment of the kind in New-England. They em- ploy over 400 men and boys, who annually receive for their labor, $ 168,000, while the annual value of Co., planers, mortising chines &c. and employ 8 men ma- facture annual production, $25,000 .« Shepard ; Organ Company, employs 25 men, annual production, $42,000. Granagricultural works, annually manufacture 550 mowing machines, valued at $ 44,000. Mascomy Edge Tool Company annually make 2,300 dozen scythes, valued at $25,300. Goodrich & Baker, stair builders, and stair rails, products, $ 10,000. Shaw, Hurlburt & Co., grist mill, ite annually grind, 65,000 bushels grain all kinds, valued at $75,000. There are also manufactured, carof riages, $6,000; 3,500 dozen rakes, $7,000; 1,000 dozen snaths, $7,200; $5,000; soap, $5,000; besides boots and shoes, tailors, tin-workers, blacksmiths, house printing, carpenters, &c. of goods of all The total value kinds annually manufactured in this village, is estimated at over $ 1,100,000. There is a handsome common in the centre of the village, of an area of two acres, neatly laid out in walks, and beautifully shaded with the elm and maple. Around this common are located the principal business buildings and some very fine residences. At the north west corner of the common, on the opposite side of the street, the ground has been excavated for the purpose of laying the foundation for one of the largest hotels in the There are between thirty State. and forty stores, of all kinds, two hotels, four church edifices, three �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 222 school houses, twobanks,one newsoffice, telegraph and express office, insurance offices, four lawyers, six physicians, and two den- paper tists, besides various other profesThere are about Although Leba- Employments. non is considered one of the best farming towns in the State, still it has to be ranked as a manufacturing and mercantile town, as the and probusiness is more than double that of all the farm produc- sional businesses. receipts for labor, trade 400 dwelling houses, and 2,500 inhabitants. West from the village, fessional on a bluff, is to be located the new tions in town. The capital invest- cemetery. There are some beautiful dells in these grounds, and when they are laid out by the skillful hand of Kev. Mr. Downs, it ed in manufactories will be a lovely spot for the repose of the silent dead. There is (See tables.) Resources. new is $ 612,000. employing 591 males and 45 females, and annually producing goods to the value of $ 1,221,600. Productions of the $171,249; mechanical labor, $314,800; stocks and bonds, $77, high school building at an expense of $ 20,000. When all these new improvements are completed, the people of Lebanon can truly boast as having one of the pleasantest vil- stock in trade, $ 173,940 professional business, $95,000; from lages in the State. summer being built (1873) West Lebanon a village is situa- ted on the Connecticut, opposite White River Junction, and at the terminus of the Northern (N. H.) Railroad. It is one of the finest little villages in the State, and becoming quite a resort mer tourists, for is sum- being near one of the greatest railroad centres in New- England. A bridge over the Connecticut connects it with Hartford, Vt. There are five or six stores, of all varieties, one fine hotel, church, school house, grist-mill, lumber mill &c, and seventy-five dwelling houses. The street, running parallel with the Connecticut is handsomely shaded. On a hill back of the village, and overlooking the valley of the Connecticut and on to the green hills of Vermont, is located Tilden Female Seminary. No more lovely spot for an institution of this character can be found in this country. (See Literary Institutions.) soil, 900; money 592 at interest, $94,195; in savings deposits bank, $ 155, ; ; tourists, $ 2,000. Churches and Schools. 1st Congregational, Rev. Charles A. Downs, pastor; Methodist, Rev. Charles E. Hall, pastor; Baptist, Rev. H. F. Barnes, pastor Catholic, Rev. M. J. Goodwin, priest; Universalist, no pastor 2d Con; ; gregational, (at West Lebanon,) Rev. A. B. Rich, D. D., pastor; There is a Unitarian Society in town. There are twenty-two schools, seven of which am graded average length for me year, twenty-three weeks total amount annually appropriated for school purposes, value of $4,570.70; ; ; school houses, $30,000. Literary Female Tilden Institutions. Seminary, Prof. Hiram Orcutt, Principal. Rev. C. A. Cabinet. Lebanon Downs village has the variety of minerals (it is at largest said) of any cabinet in the State. Library. sociation. Lebanon Library As- �223 LEBANON Granite State Free H. Cheney, Editor. (See Newspaper. Press, E. tables.) Banks. National Bank of Lebanon, and Lebanon Savings Bank. (See tables.) Lafayette Hotel, HamHotels. ilton House. Southworth's Hotel, West Lebanon. There are five livery stables at horses, with and two Lebanon with 53 at West Lebanon the first Lebanon was granted by Gov. Benning Wentworth to William Dana, John Hanks, Daniel Blodgett, Samuel Penhallow, John Storrs and 58 othThe town was ers, July 4th, 1761. to be six miles square, and the conditions of the charter were that every grantee, for every fifty acres in his share, should plant and cultivate five acres within five years, and reserve all the pine trees fit for masting for the royal navy; that from a tract of land near the centre of the town, every grantee should have one acre as a town lot that if demanded, one ear of Indian corn should be paid as annual rent for the space of ten years the tirst rent to be paid Dec. 25, 1762. The Governor reserved five hundred acres for himself, as he did in all town grants he made. Gov. John ; his successor, disap- He was male child born. born July 11, 1766. Sarah Jones, born December 22d, 1764, was the Among first female child born. other early settlers were Oliver Davidson, Elijah Dewey, Jairus Jones, came who with their families, in the autumn of aniel Porter, Silas 18 horses. First Settlements. Wentworth, and Mrs. Downer the first white woman who spent a night in town. Thomas Waterman was family, Nath- 1763. Waterman and eleven others followed soon after. After the Revolution, and Vermont had petitioned to the government to be received into the an independent Confederacy, as State, many of the towns on this side of the Connecticut wished to There were sixteen of these towns, of which Lebanon was one, and so earnest were they in their opinions be united with Vermont. they refused to delegates send which formed the constitution of New-Hampshire. They received no encouragement from Congress, and, after their delegates had taken their seats in the Vermont Assembly, they wished their towns to be set off into a separate county this request was not granted, and they left the Thus ended Assembly the in disgust. first secession movement after the Revolution. The first settlers were principally pointed in not having these lands willed to him, set aside all the titles of these lands in the State, and granted them to the actual from Lebanon, Connecticut hence the present name. First Minister. Mr. Treadway upon them. Four persons viz., William Dana, Levi Hyde, Paul Estabrooks and one other, ed here a few months in 1766. A Congregational Church was esThe Rev. tablished in 1771. Isaiah Potter was ordained and settlers spent the second winter in this town, near the mouth of White river. William Downer with his wife and eight children came on July 11, 1763. This was the first : was the first minister, installed pastor, He who August preach- 25, 1772. died July 2d, 1817, having been pastor of the church forty -five years. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 224 North by Hanover, by Enfield, south by Plainfield and west by Hartford, Vermont. Area, 23,000 acres; area of improved land, 16,429 acres. Boundaries. east Distances. miles Sixty-four from Concord five miles south from Dartmouth College, and twenty-eight south from Haverhill. The Northern (N. Railroad. H.) railroad passes through this town, in an easterly and westerly direction. There are three stations in town, viz., East Lebanon, Lebanon, West Lebanon. north-west, by rail, The is soil hard, but by careful cultivation, is made very productive, and the farmers are well rewarded for their efforts &c. Rivers and Ponds. oats, bar- ley, It is well watered by Lamprey, Little, North and Oyster Rivers. These rivers furnish abundant water power. Oyster River has its source from Wheelwright Pond in the north part. This pond is the largest body of water in town, covering 165 acres. It is memorable on account of a battle fought on its shores, between a body of Indians and two companies of rangers, under Captains Floyd and Wiswell in 1690, Captain Wiswell and twelve men lost their lives in this engagement. Employments. Agriculture is the principal habitants. employment of the inThere are excellent clay beds here, for the manufacture of brick, which is carried on pretty extensively. 725,000 feet of boards, &c, and Resources. $ 63,895 soil, $ Productions of the mechanical labor, stocks and money at in$ 28,732 deposits in savings 10,000 terest, ; ; ; banks, $34,145; stock in trade, $9,555; from summer tourists, $2,000. Churches and Schools. gational church, Rev. J. Congre- W. Lees, Union church, Rev. A. G. Cumings, pastor, There are seven schools in town. Average length pastor; of schools for the year, nineteen weeks. Lee Sunday Hill School Library, 700 volumes. of Lee, in some portions, by good crops of corn, ; Libraries. LEE. Strafford County. are annually sawed 6,000 pairs of shoes, are annually manufactured. 160,000 shingles Lee was origDurham, and was First Settlements. inally a part of incorporated January 16, 1766. Rev. Samuel First Minister. Hutchins, settled in 1792. Boundaries. North by Barrington and Madbury, east by Durham, south by New Market and Epping, and west by Nottingham and Barrington. Area, 11,625 acres ; improved land, 8,993 acres. Thirty-one Distances. miles Concord and twelve south-west from Dover. Railroads. Four miles to NewMarket station. The Nashua and Rochester Railroad, to be completed in 1874, will pass through this south-east from town. LEMFSTER, Sullivan County. The surface of Lempster is broken and uneven, but the soil is fertile, and, by careful cultivation, is made to yield good crops of wheat, corn, oats, and potatoes. This town Rivers and Ponds. is well watered by numerous small streams. A branch of Su- �225 LINCOLN. gar River, and the south and -west branches of Cold River, afford conveniences for water machin- Sand Pond ery. town and lies partly in this partly in Marlow. It is Dodge 420 rods long and 70 wide. Pond, near the centre, covers about 50 acres, and, near the western boundary, is a pond 320 rods the town is long, and 80 wide, very pleasantly situated, and, on many some of elevations, its affords which attracts fine scenery, the attention of tourists, who annually visit here, to spend a few weeks in the summer. Employments. the principal Agriculture is of the &c, and 1,160,000 feet of boards, 100,000 shingles are annually saw- 200 dozen rakes are manufac- ed. tured, besides there is one wheel- and one harness shop. pounds of maple sugar are annually made. wright 20,000 Resources. Productions of the $50,910; mechanical labor, $ 12,600 stocks and money at indeposits in savterest, $ 10,225 ings banks, $21,456; stock in soil, ; ; trade, $3,600; from summer tour- $3,000. ists, Congre- Churches and Schools. gational Church, Rev. John he-, Methodist church, Rev. Geo. F. Wells, pastor; Uni- bosquet, pastor versalist, schools, ; There are Average length of . nine schools. for the year, nineteen weeks. Hotel. Forest House. Lempster First Settlements. was granted to Richard Sparrow and sixty-one others, October 5, Emigrants from Connecti1761. cut , A 1831. settled here in 1770. Elias Congregational church in November, 1761. Boundaries. North by Unity, east by Goshen and Washington, south by Marlow, and west by AcArea worth. Area 21,410 acres. of improved land, 11,359 acres. Forty-two miles Distances. west from Concord, and about nine south-east from Newport. Railroads. Nine miles, by daily stage, to Newport, on the Sugar The Windsor River Railroad. and Forest Line Railroad, if ever built, will pass through this town. L,INCOl,N. manufacturing carried on pretty extensively. is Rev. Minister. was organized empl^ment although people, First Fisher, ordained in 1787, died in Grafton County. Lincoln is one of the mountain towns in Northern New-Hampshire, and a great resort for visitors who are White the through traveling Mountain region. It is estimated that over eight thousand people come within its borders annually. The scenery, in and around the town, is grand and romantic in the extreme. The views obtained from the Flume House, are not surpassed by any hotels in the mountains. Directly in front is Mount Liberty, with the fancied resemblance to the profile of George Washington. On the north is the picturesque notch, on the south the whole valley of the Pemigewassett is brought to view with its pleasant intervals, and the towering hills on either side, the whole presenting views of nature rarely excelled in this The soil yields small country. owing to the early frosts town is subjected to. Rivers and Ponds. The middle crops, the branch of Pemigewassett River, having its source in Ferrin's pond, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 226 in the south part of Franconia, town near the passes through this center. Bog, Fish, and Loon ponds are the principal bodies of water. The inhabitants are principally devoted to attend- ing to the wants of tourists who frequent the town in the summer. Not over one thousand acres of the land is improved. Resources. Productions of the mechanical labor, $6,878; $ 1,500; deposits in savings banks, soil, from summer tourists, $30,000. There is one school in average length for the year, twenty-two weeks. Hotels. Flume House, Tuttle House. First Organization. Lincoln was granted to James Avery, January 31, 1764. The first settlement is not known. Incorporated Schools. town and cultivated, prowhile the soil, on the intervals and uplands is strong and deep, affording many fine erly fertilized Employments. $480; in the value of its manufactured productions the sixth. The surface is uneven. The soil, on the plain land, is light.but, when prop- ; in 1764. North by Franconia, east by ungranted lands, south by Woodstock and west by LanBoundaries. Area, 32,456 acres. Dista?ices. Eighty miles north from Concord, and twenty east from Haverhill. Bail roads. Nearest Railroad daff. is Plymouth, by stage, twenty-two miles, on the Boston Concord and Montreal Railroad. When completed, the Bristol Branch and Montreal Railroads will pass through this town. station LISBON. Grafton County. Lisbon is one of the most important towns in the county, both in point of agriculture, and as a manufacturing town; ranking in agriculture as the fourth town in the county ; and duces fine crops ; farms, producing Excellent crops of wheat, oats, potatoes and hay. There are but two towns in the county which produce as many of wheat, and none as bushels many potatoes. River and Fond. Lower Ammonoosuc River runs in a south-west direction through the whole ex- Mink Pond tent of the town. in the southern part, and, at lies its some good water outlet, furnishes privileges. Blueberry Mountain Mountain. the highest elevation. is Iron ore, in large Minerals. quantities, is found in the south- eastern part. Most of the ore which supplied the Franconia furnace was mined in this locality. Gold, in a quartz form, is found in various localities in Lisbon and vicinity. There is now (1873) one quartz mill, for gold, in operation which meeting with good sucunder the supervision of Prof. J. H. Rae. There is other is cess. It is quartz in town which, when pulverized, makes an excellent fertilizer. It is " Stevens' called Mineral Fertilizer." Limestone, in considerable quantities, is found in various parts. The future prospects of Lisbon, in point of mineral wealth, look very flattering. On the Ammonoosuc, midway between Wells Riv- Villages. about er and Littleton, is located the busy manufacturing village of Lisbon. The B. C. & M. Railroad, �LISBON. passes the village, which affords it excellent railroad facilities. Here are establishments for the 227 tourists. their Over two hundred, spend summer vacation here. Employments. Agriculture is the employment of the peo- manufacture of carriages, (on an principal extensive scale,) potato starch, piano sounding-boards, boxes, kits, excelsior, bobbins, shoe pegs, and various other smaller shops, too numerous to mention. There are also one church, a fine school house, fifteen or twenty stores of various kinds, one hotel, express and telegraph office, post office, one lawyer, five physicians, two dentists, three insurance agents, ple, but, as and some other professional busiIt is a very pleasant village, and some of the business buildings and private residences, are fine ness. structures. Sugar Hill is a pretty, village on a commanding -eminence of the same name, in the eastern part of the town. Here is one church edifice, owned jointly by the Freewill Baptists and Adsituated ventists, a fine town hall, which is occupied for election purposes, by the town, on alternate years, (a similar hall located in Lisbon village, proper, being used half the time) a carriage, blacksmith, and shoe shop, a general store, one or two forty and some thirty or dwellings, with two or three groceries, summer boarding houses. Summer Resorts. The village can be seen, manufacturing and mercantile trade, is an important branch of business. 3,500 bushels of wheat, 26,000 bushels oats, 11 1,000 bushels of potatoes, 4,500 tons hay, 40,000 lbs. of but- cheese, and 30,000 maple sugar, are annually produced, There are also manuter, 12,000 lbs. lbs. factured, 200 tons of potato starch, valued at $ 23,000; 20,000 bushels shoe pegs, 100,000 rough bobbins, valued at $19,000; 38,000 bushels grain ground, valued at $55,000; 1,800,000 feet of lumber, of all kinds, valued at $21,900; besides carriages, piano sounding-boards, boxes, excelsior, Stevens' mineral fertilizer, quartz mills also blacksmith, shoe shop, tin shops, &c. The whole amount of goods annually manufactured, is estimated at $ 280,900. Productions of the Resources. soil, $194,017; mechanical labor, ; $61,000; money at interest, $57, 670; deposits in savings banks, $8,224; from stock in trade, $52,770; summer tourists, $8,000; professional business, $ 50,000. MethChurches and Schools. Rev. J. H. Brown, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. John Chamberlin, pastor; Advent, (Su gar Hill) Rev. J. II. Shipman, pastor. There are eleven schools Average length of in town. schools for the year, seventeen weeks. Total amount of money annually appropriated for school odist, is surrounded by a farming community, which is unsurpassed by Northern New-Hampany in shire. It is but a short distance from the White Mountains and Franconia Hills; being but 15 miles to the Profile House, and 35 The to the Crawford House. beautiful scenery about town, and pleasant views and drives make it a desirable locality for summer M purposes, $ 1,996.64. Library. Lisbon Village Libra- ry Association, 1,000 volumes. Hotel. Ammonoosuc House. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 228 stocks and bonds, $ 21,20f Lisbon was First Settlements. granted to Joseph Burt and others, August 6, 1763, under the name of " Concord." November 20, 1768, it was again granted to Leonard $45,500 Whiting and others, under the name of "Gunthwait." Soon after, its former name was resumed, and One Churches and Schools. Presbyterian Church, valued at $8,000; There are four schools; average length for the year, thirty weeks. There is one private Library of over 400 volumes. First Settlement. This town was originally a part of Nashua, and called Natticutt or Brent* n\ F-<—i It was incorporated by Massachusetts in 1734, and chartered by New-Hampshire, June, 5, 1749. The first setlement was commenced in 1720. Hon. Wyseman Clag- retained until ceived its 1817, it re- Elder Josiah Minister. First when present name. Juimby was ordained in 1800. North by Littleton Boundaries. and Bethlehem, east by Franconia, south by Landaft", and west by Lyman. Area, 29,130 acres; area improved land, 17,417 acres. Twenty miles north- Distances. from Haverhill, and eightynine miles north from Concord. Boston, Concord & Railroads. Montreal Railroad passes, in a north-easterly and south-westerly direction through the town. east LITCHFIKID. Hillsborough County. Litch- a small but wealthy town, situated on the east side of Merrifield is mack The River. soil is rich, and very productive, the farmers receiving a good return for their labor, and a ready market, in Nashua or Manchester, for their sur- But few farming plus products. districts in the State offer more encouraging inducements, to the farmer, than this town. Employments. Farming is the employment of the principal habitants; the eighty in- men who own, or help to cultivate the soil, receive annually over six hundred dollars Aboul all each, for their 1,700,000, feet of labor. lumber, of kinds, are annually sawed. Productions of the Resources. soil, $ 46,527 ; mechanical labor, money its ; $ at interest, 10,400 ; depos in savings bank, $86,118; stoci $ in trade, tourists, ett, $ 10,595 ; from sumuiei 2,000. a native of England, came to this country before the Revolution, and died in this town. He held several important offices, under the crown, and was attorney-general under the provincial and State governments. Rev. Joseph First Ministers. Tufts, Congregational; ordained Rev. in 1741; dismissed in 1744. Samuel Cotton, ordained in 1765; Rev. Enoch dismissed in 1784. Pillsbury, settled in 1815; died in 1818. North and east by Boundaries. Londonderry, south by Hudson, and west by Merrimack River. Area, 7,426, acres. Twenty-eight miles Distances. south from Concord, ten south from Manchester, eight north from Nashua, and eight east from Amherst. Railroad. Concord and Nashua Railroad runs past Litchfield on the west side of the river. The railroad depot is reached at Thornton's Ferry one half mile from the centre of the town. �229 LITTLETON. LITTLETON. Grafton County. Littleton ranks in the State as the twentythird town, in wealth, and in population the fourteenth in the county in wealth and population, the second, and value of manufactures the third. In the value of its agricultural productions it ranks as ; of the White Mountains Railroad, in and through the village, it has taken rapid strides in all branches of business, and has now become one of the principal marts in the northern section of the State. The manufactures are various and valuable, consisting of woolen goods, foundry, machinery, furniture, and in sash and blinds, tin ware, lumber, leather, boots and shoes, steroscop- on the banks of the rivers are some very views, carriages, starch, washing machines, churns, scythes, photographing, printing, harnesses, and various other mechanical the fifth town in the State, the county as the second. The surface is uneven; excellent interval lands, and the soil, generally, through the town, is strong, and well adapted to til- lage or grazing, and produces the various kinds of grasses and other farm productions in abundance. Many ic works. and There are between thirty forty stores, of all kinds, banks, three high school churches, a two large large building, two two livery stables and one eating house. There are besides, seven lawyers, six physicians and of the farms indicate that the husbandman's labor is attended with good returns in the form hotels, of an excellent harvest and a year- dentists, ly increased value of his farm in- vestment. Hivcrs. also, telegraph, express, and various other ofand about three hundred It is an imdwelling houses. insurance fices, The Connecticut River washes the north-western border of the town, for nearly thirteen miles. Fifteen Mile Falls extend whole distance, running in foaming waves for miles together, the which renders impossible to ascend or descend, in safety, with boats. The river runs for this distance in a south-west direction. Ammonoosuc River passes through the southern part of the town, and it some fine water privileges, many of which are utilized. affords Mountains. Black, Iron, Parkand Eustace Mountains are er's considerable, and the principal elevations in town. portant point for visitors to or from the White Mountains, and, owing to its pleasant location among the hills, it has become a popular resort for tourists, and nearly five hundred spend a por tion of the summer months beautiful village, and its in this environs. But few villages can boast enterprise and business more than can be seen in of life Littleton. Many of the stores, in quality and value of goods, or in appearance, will compare favorably with some of the fine stores to be seen in Concord, Manchester, and other About four miles east from the Connecticut, and on the New-Hampshire cities. Its future prospects look quite as flattering as those of any of the growing Ammonoosuc river, is situated the large and enterprising village of towns in the State. The inhabitants Employments. Since the introduction are nearly equally divided in their Village. Littleton. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 230 vocations, with agriculture on one side and manufacturing, trade and professional business on the other. art- 1,100,000 yards of flannel annually manufactured 700,000 ; clapboards, 1,500,000 shingles, and 4,220,000 feet of boards and dimen- sion timber sawed, $5,000 worth of leather tanned, 300,000 stero- scopic views made, $ 12,000 worth of machinery, 1,500 dozen scythes, $4,000 worth of churns, 160 tons of starch, besides various other mechanical mentioned. works The heretofore total value Rand, 550 volumes; Wm. volumes; Charles Hartshorn, 500 volumes James J. Barrett, 500 volumes; Dr. H. L. Watson, 450 volumes; Dr. T. E. Sanger, 425 volumes; Rev. C. E. Milliken, 400 volumes; James R. Jackson, 400 volumes. Newspaper. White Mountain Republic, G. C. Furber, Editor and Proprietor. Hotels. Thayer's Hotel and Union House; arrivals the past season, 4,500; hotels valued at C. W. J. Bellows, 550 ; of kinds of goods annually manufactured is about $ 576,000. $32,500. all Banks. Littleton National Bank, and Littleton Savings Bank. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $226,145; manufacturing labor, $ 98,000 carpenters, (See tables.) masons, &c, $ 18,000; stocks, &c, ton, $65,700; money at interest, $81, 920; deposits in savings banks, $13,876; stock in trade, $76,575; January 18, 1770, it was granted under the name of Apthorp, and included Dalton. In from summer November, 1784, it was divided and the towns of Littleton and Dalton incorporated. Capt. Nathan Caswell came to Littleton about 1774, and was the first permanent settler. ; $ 30,000 and tourists, professional business, trade transportation, $ 100,000. Churches and Congre- Scliools. gational Church, Rev. C. E. Milliken, pastor, tuernbers, 150, church value, $6,000; Methodist, Rev. George Beebe, pastor, members, 150, church value, $ 7,500 Freewill ; Rev. E. Gilford, pastor, members, 60, church value, $6,000. There are twenty-one schools in town, five of which are graded. Baptist, Average length of schools for the year, twenty weeks total amount ; annually appropriated for school purposes, $4,052.80; value of school-houses and school lots, $40, 000. There is a high schoo} which gives the scholars of this excellent school advantages. town In November, including Little- First Settlements. 1764, the territory was granted under the name of Chiswick. First Church. A Congregational Church was organized in 1803. Rev. Drury Fairbanks settled here in 1820. Boundaries. North-west by Concord and Waterford, Vermont, by Dalton, south-east by Bethlehem, and south-west by Lisbon, Lyman and Monroe. Total area, 36,000 acres area of improved lands, 17,637 acres. Distances. One hundred miles north-west from Concord, and thirty north from Haverhill. north-east ; Railroads. The White Moun- Prof. F. Hutchins, Principal. Libraries. Littleton Village tain Railroad passes through the Social The Library, 1,036 volumes; south-east portion of the town. inhabitants expect that the �LONDONDERRY. & Ogdensburgh Railroad, Portland , when eonrpleted, will pass through Littleton. $ 33,300 Rockingham County. There is waste land in this town. There are no hills, swamps, nor stagnant water of any extent. money at interest, and $15,700; deposits in savbanks, $145,614; stock in ings ists, but very ; stocks, $ 6,600 trade, LO>DONDEKRY. 231 $ ; from summer tour- $1,000; professional business, 12,000. and very easy of cultivation. But one town in the county excels it in Churches and Schools. PresbyRev. "William House, pastor; number of members, 150; Methodist, Rev. J. A. Steele, pastor number of members, 75 Baptist, Total church valua- the value of tion, The ucts. little soil is unusually productive, its agricultural prod- The farms are pleasantly lo- cated, on gentle swells, with inter- vening vales, which present a beautiful farm scenery, rarely excelled by any farming country in New-England. Located on a slight elevation, is a pleasant village and the center of considerable trade. Streams and Po?ids. The prinstream in town is Beaver River, having its source in Beaver Pond, a fine body of water, in the form of a circle, about three cipal hundred rods in diameter, and about one mile north-east from the village. Scoby's Upper, and Lower and Shield's Ponds, lie about three miles north-west from Beaver Pond. On the streams issuing from these ponds, are some valuameadows, producing excellent ble crops of grass, &c. Employments. The inhabitants are generally devoted to agriculture. Over 8,000 bushels of corn, and barley, and 3,000 tons of hay are annually produced also, over 200,000 quarts of milk are annually sold. Con5,000 bushels of oats ; siderable attention is paid to the manufacturing of sale boots and shoes; over 84,000 pairs are annually manufactured. Resources. Productions of the soil, $146,704; mechanical labor, terian, ; ; . $ 18,000. are eleven schools in average length for the year, twenty-two weeks. Amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $1,925.20; value of school houses, $ 5,750. Library. Londonderry Public Library, 150 volumes. Thex*e town ; First Settlers. Londonderry was one of the first settled towns in the State, and her sons and daughters, to-day, look back with pride upon their first forefathers, who were settlers of this the ancient and noble town. They were distinguished for their sobriety, industry, intelligent, prudent, and sound judgment, and natural ability. For a brief history of the first settlement, we can give none better than a few extracts from Hayward's Gazetteer. " Londonderry, which formerly included the present town of Derry, was settled in 1719, by a colony of Presbyterians, from the vicinity of the city of Londonderry, in the north of Ireland, to which place their ancestors had emigrated about a century before, from Scotland. They were a part of 120 chiefly from three parwho, with their religious families, ishes, instructors, land in the came to New-Engsummer of 1718. In �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 232 October, 1718, they applied to the James government of Massachusetts the grant of a township, and for II., A. D. 1688-9. He afterwards relinquished a military Hfe re- for the ceived assurance that a grant should be made them, when they should select a place, for its loAfter some time spent viewing the country, they se- cation. in comtown of Londonderry, lected the tract afterwards, prising the at first known by the name of clerical profession. He possessed a strong mind, marked by a considerable degree of eccentricity. He died January 25, 1735, and was borne to the grave;, at his particular request, by his former companions in arms, of whom was a considerable number there among the early settlers of this whom had been from taxes throughout the British Dominions, by King Nuffield. town, several of In 1719, sixteen families, accompanied by Rev. James McGregore, one of the clergymen who had emigrated from Ireland with them, took possession of the tract, and, made on the day of their arrival, attended religious services and a sermon under an oak on the east shore of Beaver Pond. The inhabitants of Londonderry, in 1720, purchased the Indian and, although title; it was long a frontier town, they were never molested by the Indians.* They introduced the culture of the potato, a vegetable known till then un- New-England, and the manufacture of linen cloth, which, though long since declined, was, for in many years, officer in the army, and distin- guished himself in the defense of city of Londonderry, when besieged by the army of King the * This land was conveyed to the Rev. John Wheelwright, May 10, 1629, by four Indian Sagamores. It was deeded to the inhabitants of Londonderry, by Col. John Wheelwright, grandson of the Rev. John Wheelwright, in 1720. William, for their bravery in that siege. A company of seventy men from this town, under the command of Capt. George Reid, were in the battle of Breed's Hill, and about the same number were in that at Bennington, in which Capt. David Mc Clary, one of their citizens, a distinguished and brave officer, was killed. Major General John Stark and Colonel George Reid, officers of the army of the Revolution, were natives of this town. Londonderry has produced many other memorable distinguished men. The town was incorporated June a considerable source of their early prosperity. A portion of this town, in 1828, was taken to form the pleasant town of Derry. Rev. Matthew Clark, second minister of Londonerry, was a native of Ireland, who had, in early life, been an free 21, 1722. North by Manchesand Auburn, east by Derry and Windham, south by Hudson and west by Litchfield. The origBoundaries. ter inal area of this acres ; but town was Windham, 64,000 parts of Manchester and Derry, have been taken off, and formed into separate towns, and its present area less than 25,000 acres. The area of improved land is 11,710 is acres. Twenty-four miles Concord, six southwest from Manchester and twentythree south-west from Exeter. Distances. south from �233 LOUDON. The Railroads. and Lawrence Manchester passes Railroad through the north-east section of 1870. the town. Merrimack County. soil, Loudon has an uneven surface which rises swells, Productions of the §186,307; mechanical labor, $8,000; stocks and money at interest, $ 43,440 deposits in savings banks, $94,347; stock in trade, Resources. LOUDON. in wealth and happiness, and the population has been gradually decreasing from 1638 in 1860, to 1282 in and affords excellent and grazing. It ranks as the third town in the county in the value of its agricultural products. There are some fine farms, under a ; tillage $6,300. Along high state of cultivation. the banks of the river are some CongreN. Stone, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. Mr. Brooks, pastor; Methodist, Rev. A. R. Lunt, pastor. There are fourteen schools, two of which are graded. Average length of schools for the (See year, twenty-three weeks fine interval lands. Soucook River, runRivers. ning in a south-easterly direction through the town, is the principal stream, and affords some very good water power which is im. proved to some extent. Employments. The inhabtiants are generally engaged in agriculture. But two towns in the county raise as many bushels of corn, and none as much wheat, or as many pounds of maple sugar. 35,000 pounds of butter are annually produced, 40,000 shingles, 565,000 feet of boards and dimension timber annually sawed, hubs, spokes and axe helves, $2,000; 1,800 bushels grain ground, and leathHaving Coner tanned $ 25,000. cord for a ready market for all the surplus productions, many of the farmers have become quite wealthy, and but few farming towns in the State have a more thrifty and prosperous appearance; but like many other NewHampshire farming towns, for many years their sons have been receiving that education which creates an uneasy feeling and a mistaken idea, that there are better fields in the West to secure more Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. B. tables.) Hotel. Mc Lellan First Settlement. House. The first set- tlement was commenced here in 1760, by Moses Ordway, Abraham It was and Jethro Batchelder. formerly a part of Canterbury, from which it was taken and incorporated under the name of Loudon, January First Minister. 23, 1773. A Congrega- was established in 1784; Rev. Jedediah Tucker was settled over the Church in 1789, tional society dismissed in 1809. by North-west Boundaries. Canterbury, north-east by Gilmanton, south-east by Pittsfield and Chichester, and south-west by ConArea cord. Area, 28,257 acres. of improved land, 19,180 acres. Distances. Ten miles north-east from Concord. Railroads. Six miles to Pitts- on Suncook Valley Railroad, and ten miles to Concord station. If the Concord and Rochfield station, is ever expected to pass through ester projected Railroad built, it is this town. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 234 EYIWAN. Grafton County. The of this town is station. LYME. Grafton County. higli cultivation. Ponds, River and Mountain. There are several ponds, through the largest of which flows Burnham's River. There is a considerelevation called Lyman's able Mountain. Employments. the general people. 16 uneven, but the generally good, producing fair crops of grain and grass. Many of the farms are well tilled, soil is and under Agriculture is employment of the 2,300 bushels wheat, 3,000 corn, 12,000 oats, from Concord, and north from Haverhill. Railroad. Five miles to Lisbon 102 miles north surface and 42,000 bush- The Con- necticut River washes the west- ern border of this town. The tervals are not as large as in in- many other towns, on the river, but the uplands are much better than they average, in the river towns. Lyme considered as one of the best farming towns in the Connecticut valley, in this State. It has been is many celebrated for years for its wheat and corn crops, and its numerous and superior flocks of sheep. It is excelled by no town in the State in its number, and value of sheep. Considerable annually proThere are two potato duced. starch mills annually manufacturing 84 tons starch, valued at $8, 400; 350,000 feet boards sawed, besides cooper and other small mechanical shops. Resources. Productions of the mechanical labor, soil, $ 109,430 attention has been given by the inhabitants to the agricultural interest of the town, for a few years past, with decided effects for the $ 6,200 money better. els of potatoes are ; $ 15,500 in savings bank, § 251 ; deposits at interest, stock in trade, $ 3.870. Churches and Schools. Union, Rev. A. R. Russell, pastor. There are seven schools in town. Aver- age length of schools for the year, twenty weeks. First Settlements. The western portion of Lyman was disannexed and the town of Monroe constituted July 13,1854. ed November persons, Lyman 10, It was grant- 1761, to several among whom Daniel was conspicuous, and from him the township received its name. Boundaries. North by Littleton, east by Lisbon, south by Bath, and west by Monroe. Area of improved land, 10,363 acres. Distances. By cars from Lisbon, large There are two small Villages. villages; the principal village pleasantly situated, and for the neatness is is noted and order which generally prevail. Streams and Ponds. There are three small streams passing through the town and discharging into the Connecticut. There are two small ponds, the largest of which is call- ed Port's Pond. Elevations. elevations, the of which is There are several most considerable called Smart's Moun- tain. Minerals. Beds of lime-stone, of the granular crystaline variety, with which are large quantities of garnet, with crystals of hornblende are found in several localities. A very curious mixture of granular �LYNDEBOROUGH. quartz with carbonate of lime has been discovered, and is valued highly for the manufacture of plate Specimens of or window glass. black tourmaline have been found in different parts; some of the specimens are very handsome. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agriculture. Over 9,000 sheep are kept; 11,000 bushels of corn and 3,000 bushels of wheat, are annually produced; and 20,000 lbs. of maple sugar, arc made. 130,000 shingles, 1,400,000, feet of boards, &c, and 50 tons of potato starch, are annually One manufactured. mill, valued at $ 6,000, grist- annually grinds 14,000 bushels of grain, val- ued at $ 16,000. Agricultural prod- Resources. mechanical labor, 8 10,300 stocks and bonds, $ 3,785 money at interest, § 43,500 deposits in savings bank, $ 34,082 stock in trade, 8 21,425 from summer tourists, $ 1,000. Churches and Schools. Congregational Church, 282 members, Rev. Henry A. Hazen, pastor in 1870; Baptist, Rev. L. M. Wheeler, pastor. There are fourteen districts, and fifteen schools average length for the year, twenty weeks. Library. Lyme Social Library has 2,800 volumes. ucts, $ 199,204 ; ; ; ; ; Hotel. " Kent's Hotel." Walter Fairfield, John and William Sloan, and othFirst Settlers. ers settled here in 1764. Incorporated July 8, 1761, and granted to Theodore Atkinson. First Minister. Rev. William Connat, Congregational, settled in 1783; died in 1810. Boundaries. North by Orford, east by Dorchester, south by Hanover, and west by Thetford, Ver- 235 mont. Area, 28,500 acres; of improved land, 18,266. acres miles Fifty-four Distances. north-west from Concord, and twenty south from Haverhill. Railroad. No Railroad passes through this town, but it is well connected by stages four times daily with the railway at West Thetford Depot. LYNDEBOROUGH, Hillsborough County. The Lyndeborough is elevated. The soil is deep and strong. The pasturage is unequaled by any town in the county. Mountain and Streams. Centre Mountain of considerable hight, divides the town from east to west. situation of The streams are small, originating mostly from springs within the On town. mountain the plain below the in the north-east part, is a very pleasant (though small) village, situated on the banks of Piscataquoag River. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in farming. About 10,000 clapboards, 240,000 shingles and 625.000 feet of boards &c., are annually sawed. The Lyndeborough Glass Company, obtown from which are made, fruit jars and all kinds of glass bottles. 50 hands are employed. tain their quartz rock in this Resources. prodmechanical labor, stocks and money at inAgricultural ucts $113,484; $ 26,000 $ 7,850 ; deposits in savings bank, $29,879; stock in trade, $15, terest, ; from summer tourists, $ 2,500. Summer Resorts. The elevated 075 ; position of this town, has caused many lovers of New-Hampshire scenery, to spend their vacation here. summer �236 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. Churches and Schools. CongreGeorge Smith, pastor; Baptist. Rev. E. J. Whittemore, pastor. There are ten public schools average length for the year, sixteen weeks. Libraries. There are two public libraries, " Franklin" Library, 500 volumes South Lyndeborough Library, 300 volumes. First Settlements. This town was granted by Massachusetts to Captain Samuel King and fifty-nine gational, Rev. ; ; others, who were engaged in the Canada expedition in 1690. was called " Salem Canada," the reason that many of those It for who belonged to the expedition were Salem. Benjamin Lynde, Esq., purchased a large portion of the township and adjoining lands, from in 1753, and name from it received its present him. It was incorpor- ated April 23. 1764. The names of the earliest settlers were, Put- nam, Chamberlain and Cram. First Ministers. Rev. John Rand, (Congregational) settled in 1757, dismissed in 1763; Rev. Se- Lyndeborough, when completed in the fall of 1873. MADBritV. Strafford County. face The sur- generally even and the soil productive. In the valleys it consists of a portion of clay, on the uplands, a mixture of sand and is loam. Much of this land lent for hay, of is excel- which large ciop are annually produced. Streams and Pond. extreme Its southeasterly point extends to the tide-water, on or near the Piscata- Bellamy Bank River, coming from Barrington and passing through the northeasterly part of Madbury, is the only stream of note; and Barbadoes Pond is the principal body of water. qua. Minerals. Bog iron ore, and red and yellow ochre, in considerable quantities, are found in several localities. Employments. The people are almost exclusively devoted to agriculture. Dover, three miles distant, affords an excellent market wall Goodrich, settled in 1768, died in 1809. Boundaries. North by Green- for the disposal of their surplus productions. Francestown and New-Boston, east by Mount Vernon and Milford, south by Milford, Wilton and Temple, and west by Temple and Greenfield. Area, 20,760 tions, $50,980; stocks and money at interest, $14,746; deposits in field, acres. Dista?ioes. miles eighteen Thirty-five south from Concord, north-west from Nashua, twenty south-west from Manchester, and ten north of west from Amherst. Railroads. Three and one half miles to Wilton depot. A daily stage connects the railroad with this town. The Peterborough and Wilton Railroad will pass through Resources. Agricultural produc- savings banks, $ 60,593. Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. M. Congre Leese, pastor. There are four schools, of which only one averages twelve scholars through the year. Average length of schools through the year, nineteen weeks. First Settlement. Madbury was originally a part of Dover, and its connected with the history of that ancient town. It was incorporated May 31, 1775, and at that date contained a popuearly history is �MADISON lation of 677. In —MANCHESTER. had 408 1870, it 237 are generally engaged in agricul- There is considerable manufacturing and trade in town, be- ture. inhabitants. Rev. Samuel Hyde commenced preaching in 1758, and remained till 1770 Rev. Eliphaz Chapman preached from First Ministers. ; mining sides the There interest. are about 12,000 pairs of shoes annually manufactured, and clothing 1771 to 1773. to the value of Boundaries. This is a small, triangular-shaped town, and is bounded north-east by Dover, south-west by Durham and Lee, and northwest by Barrington. Area, 7,600 $ 20,000, made. (See tables.) Resources. acres ; improved land, 4,600 acres. miles Thirty -six north-east from Concord, and three south from Dover. Railroad. Boston and Maine Railroad passes through the eastern part of the town in a northerly and southerly direction. Distances. MADISON. Carroll County. The . surface uneven, but the soil is generally good, producing fine crops of corn, is oats and potatoes. Pond. Six-Mile Pond principal body of water. is the It is four miles long and about one mile wide. Its waters flow into Ossipee Lake. Minerals. There is a zinc and lead mine, and a lead and silver mine in this town. The Carroll County Lead and Zinc Mining Company1 were extensively working these mines in 1870. date, the At that company employed twen- ty-two men. Eleven men were in mine and eleven were above ground. The depth of tunnel is seventy feet. The annual amount the of product, 23,475 grains of silver, 1094 tons lead, and 3273 tons zinc, valued at $ 46,360. For some reahave ceased son, their operations for the present. Employments. The inhabitants ucts, is Agricultural prod$78,478; mechanical labor, $ 30,800 money ; at interest, $ 2, banks, $13,447; stock in trade, 85,613; 424; deposits from summer Summer quite a in savings $ 10,000. Madison tourists, Resort. resort for all is lovers of New-Hampshire summer scenery. There are about five hundred visitors, who spend a part Or the whole of their vacation in this town. Freewill Churches and ScJwols. Baptist Church, Elder A. C. Peasley, pastor. There are nine schools. Average length of schools for the year, eighteen weeks. Churchill House, and Hotels. Madison House. Town Organization. Madwas taken from the western portion of Eaton, and incorporated as a town, December 17, 1852. First ison Boundaries. east by North by Albany, Conway and Eaton, south by Freedom, and west by Tarnworth and Albany. Acres of improved land, 6,232. Distances. miles Sixty-four from Concord, twenty north from Ossipee. north-east Railroad. Falls and through Portsmouth, Conway Railroad this and Great passes town. MANCHESTER. Hillsborough County. A city, and part shire town of the county. But few towns in New-England or �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 238 in this nation, have made such rapid progress in population, manufacturing and wealth, for the past as Manchester. It value of cotton and cloths manufactured, as thirty years, i*anks, in woolen its the fourth city in the United States, New-Hampshire. Forty years ago, where the city now stands, there was but a hamlet, and the only noise to break the stillness of the quiet, was the waters of the Merrimack, as they thundered over the falls, and for ages had been waiting to assist and as the man to drama first in do its part in the great of creation's work ; is now a great city of nearly thirty thousand people, and the busy hum of life is heard through the buzz of its 200,000 spindles, the clatter of and the bustle of business through its crowded streets, from morn till night. Unlike Lowell, Lawrence, and many its 5,000 looms, other cities in the vicinity of Bos- enough away from that commercial metropolis, as ton, it is far not to destroy and there ton, is its no mercantile trade, city outside of Bos- Providence and Worcester, in the eastern section of land, New-Eng- which shows the business life in the streets, like Manchester. The surface is generally level, but the soil of a considerable part of the town is light and sandy. The intervals on the river are limited, but of easy cultivation, and fertile, while the swells afford many excellent farms, under high of the State. It acres has an area of hundred twenty-three —about and fifty twenty-five miles in circumference and is divided into ; two equal parts by a narrow strait crossed by a bridge. Each of these is about three miles in length by one mile in width. Lying with- parts in four miles of the city proper, it has become quite a public resort The Massabesic for pleasure. House, on the shore of the lake, is a fine hotel, and receives a good share of the public patronage. Rivers and Streams. The Mei rimack River passes along the western part of the city Amos- ; keag Falls river. the largest on the is In the ordinary stage of fall to the foot of the water, the the locks the whole mile is forty-seven feet and fall in the space of a is fifty-four feet. One of the most substantial stone dams on the river is built at the head of these falls, capable, at the average flow of water, to turn the whole river into a spacious basin connect- ed with the upper canal, for the use of the mills. The Amoskeag, or lower canal, was first constructed for navigation around the falls, and was connected with the Middlesex in 1816, and at that date was the most expensive canal in New-England, with the fexception of the Middlesex. The Hon. Samuel Blodgett, who died here many years ago, was the founder of this canal and expended a large fortune in its construction without — handsome sheet of water, with many islands, and presenting some reaping any benefit therefrom his death occuring about the time of He was a man of its completion. intelligence and enterprise and a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, soon after the Revolution. of the finest scenery in this section The upper canal cultivation. Lake. Massabesic Lake, in the eastern portion, towards Auburn, lies partly in this town. It is a is 4,950 feet long, �MANCHESTER. 239 forty -five feet wide, ten feet deep Merrimack River, and it falls walled throughout with stone. The lower canal is 7,500 feet in length, and corresponding in its other dimensions with the upper. The fall from the upper to the lower canal, is twenty feet. The water power, secured hy the dam and two canals, is estimated to be is sufficient to drive nearly 250,000 and belongs to the Amoskeag Mill and water- power company. These falls were the respindles, sort of the Indians in the season, to secure fish for their year's supply. would Tribes congregate many miles around, and catch and dry the fish, there appearing to be no end to the supply. The early settlers followed here, for in the tracks of the Indians, this respect, for would many years. in Par- come with teams freighted with salt and barrels, fifty miles distant, and camp out, and catch and salt down Salmon, Shad, Alewives, Eels and other ties kinds of them the year. sport, and the fishing season, at fish, sufficient to It was last rare " Skeag," was looked forward to with pleasure by the settlers, for many weeks, before the time arrived. Dams and other obstructions have destroyed the whole run offish, which swarmed the river from the ocean to its source in the White Mountain streams. Piscataquoag River has its rise in Francestown. Weare, Dunbarand New-Boston, passes ton through Goflfstown and joins the Merrimack at the south-west part of the town. There is some valuable water power near its mouth. Cohas or Massabesic River is the outlet of Massabesic Lake. In the short passage of three miles to at GofFs Falls, over one hundred and twen- Near the Merrimack a fine water power which ty-five feet. there is is improved. There are several brooks in various sections of the town. The city proper of ManCity. chester is located on the east side of the Merrimack and near the Amoskeag Falls. But few cities can boast of more rapid growth, enterprise, and general intelliThe Amosgence of its people. keag Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1831; and purchased all the land around the falls on the east side, and now where the city stands, including the valley cemetery. They now own nearly all the land to within one hundred feet of the west side of Elm street, and own and maintain all those streets on the west side of Elm, running towards the canal. is the largest, and most powerful corporation in the State, and while it has always looked at the main chance (or their own interest,) it has always The Amoskeag looked at the best interest of the city. For (what is termed) a soul-less institution, it has been very liberal in its donations. They gave the land for the Valley Cemetery, and many other lots in various other sections. In 1837, went into operation, and from that date commenced the growth of the town which had their first mill increased in 1840 to 3,235 inhabiThe streets are regularly laid out, and, in various sections of the city, public lawns were reservtants. ed which have been laid out into walks and planted with shade trees. Some of them have beautiful artificial ponds. These parks �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 240 add much beauty to the city, and the streets around them, and are desirable locations for private residences. Many of the public and private buildings are handsome and expensive structures. Some private residences, including grounds, have cost nearly $ 100, 000. There are fourteen church edifices, between thirty and forty halls, eighteen eight hotels, court house, city hall, public library, two daily, two weekly, and one monthly newspapers, eight banks, one hundred and school-houses, factories fifty and mechanical shops, of all kinds, thirty-six lawyers, ten insurance agents, thirty- four physicians, six dentists, (in and 3,286 dwelling houses, 1870) but at the present time (January, In 1874,) it is estimated at 4,000. 1870, ward one had 419 dwellings and 4,080 inhabitants; ward two, 253 dwellings, ward three, inhabitants; 2460 768 dwellings and 4,296 inhabitants; ward four, 615, lings, 4,073 inhabitants; dwel- ward five, ter, more generally respected is and beloved by the whole community than Mr. Wallace. House erected in 1839; value $ 6,500. Franklin Street Congregational, Rev. William J. Tucker, pastor; church organized in 1844, as the Second Congregational "Society. House valued at $ 11,000. First Baptist, Rev. A. C. Gi'aves, pastor church value, $ 60,000 organ; ; Merrimack ized in 1839. Baptist, Rev. Sherwin, pastor; church value $ 7,000. First Freewill Baptist, , $ 20,000. in 1850 tine's, Catholic, ward seven, 237 dweland ward habitants; lings, 1,662 inhabitants; eight, 100 dwellings, 541 inhabi- tants. Churches. First Methodist Epis- W. Taylor, 1829; house copal Church. Rev. C. organized pastor; erected 1830. St. Paul, Methodist Episcopal, Rev. James Pike, pastor $ ; Demar ; cost Augus- St. Rev. J. A. Cheva- House erected in 1872 $ 45,000. St. Joseph's, Catholic, Rev. John O'Brien, priest; House erected in 1869. at an expense of $70,000. The church property of Manchester is estimated to be worth $ 270, lier, priest ; cost 000; the three catholic churches 1840, value, owning nearly one half. Some of them are the finest and most ex- Universalist, Rev. G. S. pensive structures, of the kind, in church erected in 16.000. or- 1839. ward dwellings, 3,300 in- pastor; Pine Street Freewill Baptist, Rev. N". L. Rowell, pastor; organized in 1859. Unitarian, Rev. C. B. Ferry, pastor; organized in 1840. Grace Church, Episcopal, Rev. Lorenzo Sears, rector; organized in 1841. Christian, worship at City Hall, Rev. Elisha H. Wright, pastor. Advent, worship at Martin's Hall, Rev. Caleb Richardson, pastor; St. Anne's, Catholic, Rev. William McDonald, priest; House erected ganized in 338 dwellings, 3,170 inhabitants; six, 556 Street A church dedicated February, 1840, value $ 11,000. 1st Congregational. Rev. Cyrus W. Wallace was pastor of this church the State. nearly thirty years. He resigned his charge in 1873. No man who has grown up with Manches- age length for the year, for ••-!", pastor; Schools. The whole number of schools in the city is forty-five, of which thirty-six are graded aver; weeks ; total forty amount of money annually appropriated for school �THE ��241 MANCHESTER. eneum was purposes $44,683.51; or $ 12.76 to each scholar in the city. The estimated value of school houses and There are 1700 lots is $220,000. male, and 1800 female children enrolled as scholars attending the public schools, and there are 500 children between the ages of four and fourteen years who do not at- January 28, 1846, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company generously gave $ 1,000 for the purchase March 24, of the same of books year, the Stark Mills gave $ 500, thing wrong somewhere to allow one-eighth of the children to be brought up in ignorance, which if allowed to continue will be sure to ; for the appropriates more its In 1850, the library continually increased for nearly ten years. In 1854 the Manchester City Li- for school purposes in pro- portion to same purpose. Manchester Print Works gave $ 500, for the same object. There were many donations made by members of the Association, and breed vice and misery in any comNo city in New-Engmunity. land makes better provisions for and 1844, soon made. part of the year are very specific. It is evident that there is some- schools in of books Avasmade in March 1840, of six hundred and eighty-three volumes to which additions were New-Hamptend any school. shire laws, obliging parents or guardians of children, at certain ages, to send them to school a money established mainly through the exertions of Hon. Samuel D. Bell, Hon. Daniel Clark, Hon. Herman Foster, lion. Moody Currier, and other prominent citizens, with the design of founding a library, reading-room, and museum. The first purchase wealth and popula- In was incorporated, and brary through Hon. Frederick Smyth the Mayor of the city, arrangements mon- were made with the Atheneum ey appropriated for school purThe principoses was $3,100, pal school houses are, High School, on Beech Street; Training School, Franklin Street; Merrimack Lincoln Street Grammar School Spring Street Grammar School PiscataStreet Grammar School quoag Grammar School and Am- Association together with the consent of the principal donors, to transfer their library to form the tion than Manchester, but if the children are not made to attend, it is money and labor total amount lost. of 1814, the basis of a free city library. ; ; ; ; oskeag Grammar School. Joseph G. Edgerly is Superintendent of public instruction, William W. Colburn principal of the High School, and Daniel A. Clifford, Benjamin F. nually for the increase of the library, besides paying incidental expenses &c. Grammar Library. Dame, William E. schools. The Manchester Ath- February Patten's building in Buck, Allen A. Bennett, and Charles F. Morrill, principals of the Sep- tember 6, 1854, the transfer was made, and the Manchester City Library was established, with 2,956 volumes. There was a provision in the contract that no less than $ 1,000 should be appropriated an- i 5, 1856, which the Liwas destroyed brary was located, by fire, and all, save 596 volumes, were burned. The number of volumes in the library at the time of its destruction, was not less than �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 242 A new 5,446. building has been Amoskeag, House and Stearns built expressly for the library at Ilazeltine House. an expense of $ The Ilazeltine House was opened in 1872, and built at an expense of $ 100,000. The Stearns House is a new and a fine four story build- The being the kind in the 30,000, finest structure of the now eonnas a fund of $ 5,000, the interest of which is to be expended for the purchase of books. In looking State. tains 17,300 library volumes. down through with It the vista of the fu- present provisions magnitude of this library, fifty years hence, can readily be imagined, if nothing befalls The present officers are John it. P. Newell, President; Samuel N. ture, its for increase, the Bell, Treasurer; and C. II. Mar- ing, handsomely furnished, and arranged. City Hotel has been built over twenty years and still holds its rank with good ho- well The Manchester House was when Manchester was considered only a tels. built over thirty years ago, growing village. It has always been under the control of Mr. William Shepard, and has, in the various changes in the city, in erecting new more modern shall, Librarian. hotels of Manchester Mirror and American, daily; Manchester Mirror and Farmer, weekly; Manchester Daily Union; The Union Democrat, weekly, and ure, received New-Hampshire Journal of Music, houses. monthly. respectable Newspapers. Among (See tables.). sonic of the early papers which were published prior to 1844, were the Manchester Democrat, by William II. Kimb.Jl, and Joseph Kidder. Iris & Literary Souvenir by S. II. NT. B. Everett; Weekly Advertiser, by Isaac Kinsman Manchester Gleaner, by John Caldwell. Amoskeag National; Banks. Manchester NaFirst National ional and City National capital Amoskeag Savstock $000,000. ; ; Bank Manchester Savings Bank City Savings Bank, and Merrimack River Savings Bank. Total amount of deposits $ 7,541, 044.52 and more than twenty five ings ; ; per cent of all deposits in the sav- ings banks of the State. The Manchestev House, City Hotel, Webster House, Merrimack House, Tremont House, Hotels. architect- maintained the position of being a first-class house, and always its full share of public patronage. The four last named hotels are considered first class The other hotels are good, houses and are well patronized. City Hall Hulls. the corner It streets. is located on of Elm and Market was built in the season of 1845, at an expense, including the clock, of $35,000. When it was erected it was considered the building of the kind in the finest State ; but the rapid change in antique it an architecture gives appearance, and many prominent citizens are talking of a new City Hall in keeping with the growth and wealth of their city. The Old Town Hall was built on the same ground in 1841, costing $ 17,000. It was destroyed in 1844 and the City Hall took its place. Brown's. Merchant's Exchange, Faneuil, Grand Army, Granite, Music, Kennard's, Merrimack, Smyth's and Town's Hall on Elm �243 MANCHESTER. Masonic, Globe, Street; Odd Fellow's and Pytheon on Hanover Street, and Lafayette and Lyceum Halls on Merrimack Street, are the principal halls in the city. Symth's one of the largest in the Music Hall is a very handsome room. Squares and Parks. Concord, Hanover, Merrimack, Tremont and Hall is State ; Park, are They are the all city proper, principal parks. located within the and offer a pleasant retreat in warm weather for the people to secure healthy recrea- tion, and pure air. Cemeteries. There are many cemeteries in Manchester, the most important of which will be briefly mentioned. Cemetery. The grounds cemetery were generously donated by the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, the deed bearing date, January 25, 1840, and conveying nineteen and sevValley for this en-tenths acres, pleasantly located on Mill Brook, and bounded north by Auburn Street, east by Pine Street, south by Valley Street, and west by Willow Street. There were certain provisions in the deed, debarring the use of money obtained for the sale of lots, for any other purpose than to benefit and beautify the grounds. The grounds Cemetery was located in the south part of Meeting house lot in 1759. It was much used till 1840. Forest Cemetery was located near the south-west corner of ancient Chester, and was used as early as 1735, A dense forest has now grown up over the graves. There are, on the west side of the Merrimack, Piscataquoag, Amoskeag, and the Catholic cemetery. All tre these grounds are pleasantly located and are capable of being made pleasant resting places for the dead. . Masonic. Trinity Commandery No. 1; Adoniram Council, No. 3; Mount Iloreb Royal Arch Chapter, No. 11; Lafayette Lodge, No. 41; Washington Lodge, No. 61. Granite Knights of Pythias. Lodge, No. 3; Merrimack Lodge, No. /. set 4. WonolanWildey 0. of Odd Fellows. Encampment, No. Lodge, No. Lodge, No. 2; 2; Hillsborough Mechanics' Lodge, 45; No. 13; Mount Washington Encampment, No.' 16; Odd Fellows Mutual Relief Association. Odd Fellows Building on Hanover Street, is one of the finest edifices in the city. The Order owns the building, and rents the lower story. Independent Order of Good TemStark Lodge, No. 4; Merrimack Lodge, No. 44 St. Paul's, Total Abstinence Mutual Benefit are laid out with much care and taste, and the brook which is clear and meandering in its course through the grounds, adds much beauty to this lovely spot, the home of the dead, and the retreat plars. Nearly all the lots have been sold, and another purchase has been made, of forty acres, and owing to the growth of Pine which covers this lot, it is called Pine Grove Cemetery. Cen- Hampshire of the mourner. ; Union Degree Temple, Society. No. 20. Tornverian. Military. First Regiment New- Volunteer Militia, Headquarters, Grand Army Hall. Amoskeag Veterans, Armory, organized in 1854, Head Guards, Armory in Lafayette Hall, organized in 1865. Sheri- Town's block ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 244 Armory Muse- Quint's, organized in 1865. Armory Manchester Veterans, in G. A. R. Hall organized 1870. Clark Guards, Armory, Granite Block, organized in 1867. German Brass Band rooms in Mer- Smith's, dan Guards, um building, in ; ; chants' Exchange. Mercantile Trade. The trade of The is extensive. city affords a market for a good farming country from eight to fif- Manchester teen miles around it, having a population of about 15,000 inhabitants consequently many of these farmers do their trading where Elm they market their produce. is the principal street where the mercantile houses are located, although trade is increasing on many of the streets which are connected with Elm Street. There are about four hundred and fifty stores and shops for trade, of all kinds, many of which do a large — Elm business. Street straight, is one hundred feet wide, aud paved with square blocks of granite, while the side walks are wide and paved with brick or conFor over one mile this crete. street is lined with large, mercanabout tile blocks, and, for that distance, there of is the no street in same New England, length, outside of Boston, that can show ness life, with streets more teams and pedestrians, all their various busi- with busy in filled vocations. Some of the most important blocks are Bradford's, Burge's, Blodgett's, Brown's, Central, Connor's, Emeral, Ferris's, Johnson's, Kennard's, Kidder's, Lincoln, Marshal's, Mu- seum, Martin, McHugh's, Mercantile, Merchant's, Exchange, Merrimack, Methodist Church," Music Hall, Parsons', Bell's, Paddle's, Sanborn's, Smyth's, Stark, Towne's, Union, Weeks', and Wells' blocks, are all on Elm Street; Calley's, Globe, Johnson's, Masonic, Odd Fellows', and Post Office blocks, on Hanover Street, and many other mercantile buildings too numerous, to mention. There are several large jobbing houses, dealing in flour, and corn. The capital invested in trade is estimated at $ 1,813,200. Manufactories. The manufacturing business is very extensive and important, being nearly equal of Concord, Dover, and Nashua, combined. The largest and most important is, first, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. This company was incorporated in 1831, with a capital of $ 3,000,000. The business is divided to that into three departments, viz. first, land and water power; second, manufacturing cotton goods, and third, machine and repair shop. They own all the land and all the water power used and occupied This by all the mills and shops. land and power they rent to the other mills at very low rates, the whole amounting to less than Their cotton $40,000 annually. manufactories are the largest in the State, consisting of five large mills. The first went into operation in 1837. The machine shops manufacture machinery for cotton and woolen mills, steam fire engines, &c. There is a large founproducing dery shop various They now ankinds of castings. nually employ in their various manufactories, at the rate of 1,200 males and 1,800 females and children, with an annual pay roll of S 1,110,000, and annually produc- ing 24,000,000 yards, consisting of ��THE �MANCHESTER. denims, tickings, and sheetings, valued at § 4,105,000; 70 steam fire and various engines, castings kinds of machinery, to the value 1,269,000, making the total production $ 5,43 1,000. Hon. Ezekiel A. Straw has the management of § business, large this by assisted competent men. Manchester Print Works, incorporated in 1839 as the Manchester Mills. In 1847, its charter was changed to Merrimack Mills, and again in 1851, to Manchester Print Works, with a capital of § 1,800, 000. In 1853 a part of their Avorks was destroyed by fire, inflicting a It was soon reloss of § 125,000. built, but, in 1855, they were again 245 yards sheeting, 4,500,000 yards drilling, 240,000 yards duck, 1,500, yards crash, and 1,100,000 6eamless bags; the whole valued 000 at §2,000,000. Phinehas Adams, agent. Langdon Capital §500, Mills. employed, 150; women and children. 350 annual pay roll, producing 5,000,000 §200,000 yards sheeting of various grades, valued at § 700,000. W. L. Killey, 000; men ; ; agent. Narnaskee Mills. Capital § 680, employ 91 males, and 145 females annual pay roll, § 102,000 annually producing 1,600,000 yards gingham, §232,000; 500,000 yards flannel, §135,000. E. A. Straw, 000; ; visited by the fiery element, which destroyed one half of their large agent. mill, causing a loss of §271,000. tal, J. Brugger, Hosiery mill. Capi- laine cloth, valued at §1,440,000; employs 55 men, and 95 women and children; annual pay roll, §85,000; annually produce 78,500 dozen pairs woolen stockings, valued at §265,000. A. P. Olzendam, Hosiery. Capemploys 37 men, tal, §50,000; and 58 women and children; annual pay roll, §51,000; annually produces 60,000 dozen pairs woolen hose, valued at § 180,000. Manchester Locomotive Works. employs 675 Capital, § 150,000 hands annual pay roll, § 405,000 and annual product 156 locomo- 380,000 yards casimere valued at tives, besides castings of Their business is under one gen- eral supervision, but in two de- partments, viz. Mills for manufacturing cotton print cloths, and mills for delaine cloths, &c. printing cotton goods and delaine cloths. They annually employ, in both departments, 1,000 males and 1,400 females and children, who annually receive for their labor ; §910,000, and annually produce 9,500,000 yards print cloth, valued §712,500; at 9,000,000 yards de- making the total § 2,562, The goods printed in the §410,000, 500. other departments, are valued at § 2,750,000. Stark Mills, capital, § 1,250.000, were incorporated in 1838, and commenced operations in 1839. This corporation emploj-s 400 men and 900 women and children annual pay roll is § 450,000, and their annual product 4,500,000 the §50,000; ; ; scription, valued at § every de- 1,560,000. Amoskeag Ax Company. Em- pay roll, 40,000; annual value of goods manufactured, § 130,000. Lowell's Iron Foundery. Produces iron fences, lamp posts, columns, water pipes, gas pipes, &c. employs 40 hands annual pay roll, § 27,000 annual productions, § 75, ploys 60 hands; ; : 000. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 246 In 1870 the Unconoonook Mills employed 20 males and 8 females pay roll, $ 15,000 manufactured ; ing 320,000 bushels grain, of all kinds, valued at $290,000; 6,075, boards and dimension timber, valued at $ 128,000; newspapers and job printing, $ 100,000; 000 feet paper to the value of §180,000. Amoskeag Paper Mills employ 20 males and 20 females; pay roll, $ 16,800 produce paper to the value of $ 300,000. Manchester Gas Light Company. Incorporated in 1841, with a capiIt has laid twental of $ 100,000. ty-one miles of pipe, from two to fourteen inches, extending through $5,000; fliers, $25,000; ale, $50, 000; boots and shoes, $75,000; granite and marble works, $75, 000, besides shops to manufacture files, rolls, harnesses, straw goods, window shades, tin ware, hair The restorative, cigars, confectionery, works have the capacity to furnish and many other shops too numerous to mention the whole, in the aggregate numbering nearly 150. There are tailors, milliners, carpenters, masons, painters, book ; different parts of the city. 300,000 feet of gas every twenty- The four hours. partments, is city, in all de- now consuming 50, 000,000 feet annually, and, rated at excelsior, $30,000; carriages, and repaired, $ were consumed all the ; in 1870, 30,000,000 The numher of burners mills houses, is &c, 10,000, in in stores, besides 224 Forty-five men are 9,000, street lamps. made spokes, ; binders, gas feet. ; belts, $2,50 per 1,000 feet, it amounts $ 125,000. In 1854, 8,837,000 feet to 100,000 &c, &c. fitters, The blacksmiths, capital invested in the manufactories is $9,970,000, employing 4,290 men, and 4,966 women and children, with an annual pay roll of $3,674,000, and producing manufactured goods to employed, annually receiving for the § 28,000. W. W. Hubbard, doors, sash, blinds, moldings and stair rails, emploj-s 30 men, pay roll $ 21,000; manufactured productions have increased, since 1870, nearly $5, 000,000. and the operatives about value land, in proportion to their popula- their labor, of productions, §42.000. Jeremiah Hodge, window frames, &c, employs 8 men, value of productions, $ 20,000. Bisco & Denny, card clothing, value of productions, $26,000. John Cloworth, loom reeds, $ 8,000. B. H. Chase, pickers, $ 6,000. J. Baldwin, bobbins, spools and employs $ 24,000, annual value of productions, 8 55, 52 men and shuttles, boys, pay roll, S. C. Forsaith & Co., machine works, annual productions, $115,000. D. B. Varney, brass foundry, annual value of productions, $80,000. There are also three grist mills, annually grind- 000. value 1,000. tion, of $18,108,000. But few cities in The Xew-Eng- have exceeded these gains in manufactories. Professional Services, Trade and This branch of business includes all persons not employed in farming or in manufactories and house keeping. It means merchants, clerks, book keepers, bankers, men employed on railroads, day laborers, teachers, lawyers, clergymen, physiTransportation. cians, dentists, &c. The number of persons employed in these professions is estimated at nine per cent of its population, or 2,700. Productions of the Resources. �MANCHESTER. soil, $148,403; mechanical labor, $3,674,000; professional services, &c, $ 1,620,000; stocks, $272,120; money at interest, $48,300; deposits in savings banks, $3,057,676; stock in trade, $ 1,902,080. Manchester Water Works. The was The extinguishing force hose pipes, with a head of one hundred and fifty feet, is equal to an effifacilities for alone, through cient fire cities in taken which is from Massabesic lake, noted for its purity, being from mineral substances, and is about four miles from the City Hall. The water is raised into a large reservoir, about one hundred and fifty-two feet above Elm Street, at the City Hall, by hydraulic power pumping. The pumping station is located on Cohas river, the outlet of the lake, with an outflow of water averagvery clear ing not lees than forty-five million gallons per day, which, acting on the fall at this point, is equal to a hundred horse power privilege, and lias the capacity to pump and furnish the water for a city of five 125,000 inhabitants. The present pumping machinery has a capacity to force into the main reservoir not less than five and one third million gallons of water evei-y twenty-four hours, while to supply the present wants of the city, less than two million gallons are required. The pipes are wrought iron, cement lined. The force main and supply main are twenty inches in range with secting streets. The water is and twenty the curb stone lines of the inter- obtained at the June session of the Legislature, 1871. hundred one gates, set invariably in fires, establishing these works, bill, over 247 department New-England, many in and, in connection with the excellent fire organization in this city, nearly excludes the risk of any devastatThe total expense of ing fires. the works was about $ 600,000. Sewerage. An excellent plan of sewerage has been surveyed, and much of it laid, and together with the excellent water facilities, make Manchester a clean healthy must and city. The fire orFire Department. ganization consists of No. 1, Amoskeag Steam Fire Engine Company, No. 2, Fire King Steam Fire Engine Company, No. 3, The E. W. Harrington Steam Fire Engine Company, No. 4, N. S. Bean; No. No. 1, Pennacook Hose Company Excelsior Hook and Ladder 1, Company. Benjamin C. Kendcll, ; Chief Engineer. Manchester was towns of Chester, Londonderry, Bedford Goffstown, and a tract of land called Harrytown. It was incorporated under the name of Derryfield, September 3d, 1757, and changed to Manchester in 1810. The charFirst Settlement. originally a part of the diameter, while the other pipes are respectively, fourteen, twelve, ten, eight, six and four inches; the acter of the soil greatest length being six inches. large numbers, There are over one hundred and hydi-ants, set uniformly on the north-west corners of the respective intersecting streets, and keag falls Hampshire was such One hundred fifty fire offered poor early inducement pioneers to for settle that it for the here in many years. years ago, the Amoswere as noted in Newas they are to-day, but for very different purposes. To- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 248 day they are noted for the vast amount of machinery the waters move, which give employment to ten thousand persons, thereby drawing a large city around them, of nearly 30,000 souls. One hundred years ago they were noted for quantities large the of various Manchester was the scene of one of the most attrocious murders ever committed in a civilized communiMr. Jonas L. Parker, a promty. inent citizen and tax collector of the city in 184-4, was enticed from his place of business, late in the man unknown to any evening, by a kinds of fish that were annually caught at the falls by people from one, save Parker, under a plea that a lady in Janesville, wished State. These would move out of the Ocean, up the Merrimack, to deposit their spawn at or near to all sections of the the spring, fish, in the various sources of the river, falls, in the spring high water, would naturally impede and the their passage up the streams. Tin iy have been known to swarm so plenty as to affect the progress of boats, near the canal, at the foot The people would of the falls. come prepared to camp and out, the light of the camp-fires at night, the roar of the foaming flood, mingled with the loud laugh, and camp-fire songs of the fishermen, sports which they year- were rare ly looked But forward to with delight. this great resource of the State afforded no material growth In 1775 there were to the town. but 285 inhabitants ; in 1790, only and in 1820, 762. Major General John Stark died here May 8, 1822, aged 93 years, 8 months and 22 days. The cemetery is enclosed on his own farm, By overlooking the Merrimack. 362, his grave is placed a plain granite with the simple inscription " MAJOR GENERAL STARK. History gives his deeds done shaft, 1 ' see him, on urgent business. This little village was situated about one mile east from the City Hall, and at that time a small piece of woods intervened between the two places. In this woods, the next morning, the body of Mr Parker was found with his throat cut, and the light snow on the ground re- vealed the fact that a desperate struggle had taken place between The the assassin and his victim. pocket book containing several thousand dollars, in the side pocket of Parker's coat, was missing, but a wallet in his pants-pocket having sixteen hundred dollars in it, was left. This horrid murder naturally created a great excitement in Manchester, and every means was taken to ferret out the perpetrators of this dark and bloody deed; but to day it is still veiled in mystery to the public. Manchester was incorporated as a city in June, 1846. The Mayors, up to the present time, are as follow: 1846, Hiram Brown; 1847, Jacob F. James; 1849, Warren L. Lane 1850, Moses Fellows 1852, Theo1855, Frederick Smyth; dore T. Abbott; 1857, Jacob F. ; ; founder of the canal, died here in 1859 1858, Alonzo Smith Harrington 1861, David A. Bunton; 1863, Theodore T. Abbott 1864, Frederick Smyth 1865, 1806. Darwin J. Hosley; 1867, Hon. Samuel Parker Murder. James E. for his country. Blodgett, March 27, the 1845, ; ; W. ; ; ; Daniels; 1866, Joseph B. John Clark; �249 MANCHESTER. Isaac Weston; Cheney; 1872, P. C. to Pittsfield II. 13,933 1860, 20, 108 the at 1873,) ; 1870, 23,586 present time, (December estimated at about is The es in 1871, polls July 5,404; pot in 1872, one year of 507. ; valuation, upon the usual basis of assessing property at two thirds Railroads. ities no not far from of the same year. The de- fine, of its inhabiportends to a brighter future for tins city, in wealth, population and social position than it has ever enjoyed in the past. Thirty-five years ago where the city proper now stands there were less than 100 persons, now there are 30,000, and contains nearly one tenth of all the population and wealth in the State, and produce? one sixth part of all the manufactured goods. With the past and present before us, by the next decade we may expect to see a city of 36,000 inhabitants and a wealth of thirty million dollars. Seven years hence, may the statistical facts exceed our prediction. North by HookBoundaries. east by Auburn, south by sett, Londonderry and Bedford and west by Bedford and Gofi'stown. Area enterprising spirit The Railroad facil- tants, all of Manchester are very good less than three roads have their termini here, and the Concord road passes through the depot. The Manchester and Lawrence Railroad, connects a Future Prospects. With its vast water power, its excellent railroad completion of its facilities, the public works its fine churches and its large commercial schools, trade, its rapidly growing wealth, together with the intelligence and assessed valuation of the city as returned to the Legislature in 1872, to base the State proportionthe true al tax, was $ 13,930,822 is 4, is the State. The of its actual value, §21.000,000. for a brick structure, and is the largest building of the kind in charged for tax- were 5,911, a g;iin in charter from Manchester to Keene, has been granted, and no doubt the road will be built within the next live years. The Concord Railway was first opened to this city and tlie first train of cars run June 28, 1842, and opened for the public it 30,000. A ; railroad Bartlett; : ; Railroad. ley 1873, resigned in February 1873; succeeded by John P. Newell. The population, at different times, has been as follows 1850, Charles at Hooksett, over the Suncook Val- port and Claremont James A. Weston; 1869; W. Smith; 1870, James A. 1868, Lawrence and intervening towns with the city; and Portsmouth RailManchester to Portsmouth; Manchester and North Weare, Railroad, from Manchester to North Weare, and the Concord Railroad, connects Manchester south, via Nashua, with BosConcord road, from Worcester, New- York, Albany, Chicago, &c, North via Concord, on the Northern Railroad, with White River Junction, Montpelier, Burlington, St. Al- ton, bans, Montreal and the West; on the Montreal Railroad, with Lit- White Mountains, Lancasand Grand -Trunk Railroad; on the Concord and Claremont ii tleton, of improved land, 5,140 acres. ter Seventeen miles Distances. south from Concord and fifty-six miles north-west from Boston. Railroad, with Hillsborough, New- . �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 250 MARLBOROUGH. stock in trade, $21,225; from sum- mer Cheshire County. The surface of this town is uneven and frequently broken by excellent for grazing. hills, being There are some very good forms on the streams which produce fine crops ; pastor; Universalist, Rev. E. L. Senft, pastor. Church valuation, Congregational, $ 8,000 Methodist, $ 2,000 Universalist, of corn, oats, hay, &c. There are ; several ponds which are sources $4,000. of some of the brandies of the The North Branch, Ashuelot. passing through the two villages, is supplied by a large reservoir, about seven miles above, and two smaller ones, nearer, and thus furnishes some of the best water power in the county. Marlborough is one of the growing towns of the districts fifteen annually manufactured is $ Library. Frost Free has 2,300 volumes. are also manufactured 20,000 boxes, 10,000 toy wagons, 1,500 toy bedsteads, chairs, 1,340,000 and 300,000 pails, feet of 14,000 lumber. There are ground, annually, 26,000 bushels grain, of all kinds. There is an extensive granite quarry which gives employment, during the months from April to December, to about forty men. This stone is of the best quality, and is shipped to all parts of the country. Several other brandies of mechanical business are carried on. (See tables.) Resources. ducts, $60,306; Agricultural pro- mechanical, $92, 900 money at interest, $ 18,482 deposits in savings banks, $76,785; Library, Marlborough Hotel, ar- rivals last year, 2,310. Marlborough Timothy Dwight First Settlements. was granted to and sixty-one others, April 29, 1751. The conditions of this charter were 150, simeres, $ 70,000, and machineshop productions, §25,000. There for ton, principal. of horse blankets 000; tricots, diagonals, fancy cas- for the Annual school purposes, $ 1,149.10. Marlborough High School, C. E. Hough- Hotel. The value weeks. amount of money appropriated Employments. Agriculture, in this town, is superseded by manufacturing, the people being largely engaged in that branch of busi- ; There are nine school and ten schools in town. Average length of schools year, State. ness. $ 2,250. ard, . Ponds and Rivers. tourists, Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. J. L. Merrill, pastor Methodist, Elder A. K. How- -, not seasonably fulfilled, by reason of the French and Indian war, and a second charter was granted September 20, 1754, and called Monadnock, No. 5. Incorporated, December 13, 1776. The first settlers were William Barker, Abel Woodward, Benjamin Tucker, Daniel Goodenough, and One Mc Colonel Alister. Andrew Col- burn, an officer killed in the Revolutionary struggle, belonged to this town. First Ministers. Rev. Cummings, ordained Joseph in 1778, dis- missed in 1780; Rev. Holloway Fish, ordained in 1793, died in 1824. Boundaries. North by Roxbury, east by Dublin and Jaffrey, south by Troy, and west by Swanzey and Keene. 13,000 acres; improved Area. land, 8,007 acres. �MARLOW. Five Distances. miles south- ^ 251 Agricultural Resources. pro- from Keene, live from Monadnock Mountain, and fifty-eight south-west from Concord. mechanical labor, $33,500; stocks and bonds, 4,700; Cheshire Railroad passes through the western part of the town. its east Railroads. MARLOW, soil is productive. On the river, and other streams, there are large tracts of interval land, an of quality. excellent Many of the farms are under a high state of cultivation, producing fine crops of grain and grass. Ashuelot River passes River. through almost the whole length town in a south-westerly There are some fine water privileges, which are gener- of the direction. ally improved. There is a very pleasant and lively village in Marlow, which is the centre of considerable trail;}. There are several stores, various kinds of manufactories, about seventy-five neatly painted dwelling houses, and four hundred Village. inhabitants. Employments. The larger por- tion of the people are engaged in agriculture, but there is consider- able manufacturing done. feet of 750.000 lumber are annually sawed 100,000 trowel pail handles, handles, ; 2,000,000 300,000 bucket but- 100,000 tassel moulds, plant tons, protectors, &c., are manufactured. One of the largest tanneries in the State men are employed, receive Over 40 in this town. is for who annually their labor, $22,000. 75,000 calf skins, besides slaughter, are annually $275,000. tanned, (See tables.) money in at interest, $28,775; depos- savings banks, $73,736; stock in trade, $20,100. MethChurches and Schools. Elder Irad Taggart, pastor; Christian, Rev. William H. Xa- odist, Cheshire County. The surface of this town is generally uneven; but the ducts, $ 05,176; valued at son, pastor; Baptist, Universalist, ; . There are eight public schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. Academy. There is a flourishing academy, called the Marlow Academy. Mr. Carl Allen is the principal. Hotels. Forest House, and 1 Jones Hotel. This town was First Settlers. granted to William Noyes and sixty-nine others, October 7, 1761. Joseph Tubbs, Samuel and John Gustin, N. Royce, N. Miller, Nathan Huntley, and others, were the first settlers. The first town meeting was held in March, 1776. Rev. Caleb First Ministers. Blood, (Baptist) settled in January, 1778, dismissed in 1779; Rev. Eleazer Beckwith succeeded, and preached till his death, in 1809. Boundaries. North by Acworth and Lempster, east by Washington and Stoddard, south by Gilsum, and west by Alstead. Area, 15,937 acres. Distances. Forty miles south- west from Concord, and north from Keene. Railroads. No fifteen railroad passes The nearest through Marlow. point is at Keene, 16 miles, or Bellows Falls, the same distance. The Windsor and Forest Lino Railroad will pass through this town, if ever built. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 252 MASON. the soil is rich and productive, yields good crops of and corn, oats, potatoes and hay. The soil in the valleys is exceedingly rich and free from early frosts. For this and grapes reason excellent Some of peaches are produced. the finest graperies and peach orchards to be found in the State are in Mason. In 1872 the northwest part of Mason was disannexed, and the town of Greenville formed, in which is included nearly all the water power in the old town. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants. 1,500 pairs of shoes are annually made. There are several granite quarries and the stone being of a superior quality, it will soon be considered a val- uable resource. Resources. Productions of the soil, $ $ 55,000; 14,000; stocks terest, mechanical labor, and money at in- $ 10,275; deposits in savings banks, S 10,000 $ $20,000; stock in trade, from summer 1,500. ; tourists, Churches and Schools. CongreChurch, Rev. Daniel Goodwin, pastor. There are six schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, twentytwo weeks. Mr. John Boynton, a native of Mason, left a fund of § 10,000, the interest of which is to be devoted to public schools. Libraries. There are two private libraries, of 500 volumes each. gational First Settlements. 1751. Enoch Lawrence and Deacon Nathan Hall made a permanent settlement, in 1752. in Hillsborough County. The surface of Mason is uneven, but Mason was granted and known by the name of Number One, August 26, 1768. An effort to settle here was made First Ministers. Rev. Jonathan Searle, ordained in 1772, dismissed Rev. Ebenezer Hill, ordained in 1790. A Congregational Church was formed in 1772, and a Baptist Church organized in 1786. Boundaries. North by Greenville, east by Brookline, south by Ashby, Mass., and west by NewIpswich. Area of improved land, in 1782; 6,500 acres. Distances. Forty-three miles south from Concord, and fifteen south-west from Amherst. The Peterborough Railroads. and Shirley branch of the Fitchburg Railroad passes through this town. MEREDITH. Belknap County. In 1855 the town was and formed the present town of Laconia, and included the thriving villages of Lake Village and Meredith Bridge, on the west side of the Winnipiseogee River. Meredith is still a large and imeastern portion of this set off portant town, in agriculture, manufactures and trade, and as a resort of summer tourists. As a farming town it is surpassed by but few in the State. tile, The soil is deep, fer- easily cultivated, and many of the farms beautifully situated on the shores of Lake Winnipiseogee, which washes a large portion of its southern and north-eastern At Meredith Village borders. there is one of the best water privleges in the State, which is con- by the Meredith MechanAssociation, with a capital of § 50,000. Besides the manufactories in the village, it is the centre trolled ics' �MERRIMACK. In of a large mercantile trade, the summer season, steamboats leave its wharves for all important points on the lake. There are ten or fifteen stores, 3 churches, a savings bank, two livery stables, and one hotel in the village. Until 1873 a portion of the village of Centre Harbor was in this town. It estimated that nearly 1000 is summer tourists visit There are but few where the fu- annually. towns town the in the State ture prospects are more flattering than those of Meredith. Wauka- Ponds and Streams. wan Lake, near the village, is connected with Lake Winnipiseogee by a stream affording a large amount of water power. At the outlet of the pond is a substantial dam (owned by the Mechanics' Association) which forms a large wa- Average length of schools, for the year, twelve weeks. Elm House. Meredith Village SavBank. ings Bank. First Settlers. Hon. Ebenezer Smith moved into this town at an Hotel. early period of its was looked to as settlers for many settlement, and an adviser by the He years. died, Meredith was originally called New-Salem. In- August 1807. 22, corporated Dec. 30, 1768. First Ministers. Rev. Simeon F. Williams, settled in 1792; dis- missed in 1798. Rev. David Smith, settled in 1819; died in 1824. the Boundaries. North by Centre Harbor and Winnipiseogee Lake, north and north-east by said lake, south-east by Laconia, south by Sanbornton, and west and northwest by New-Hampton. Number of acres of improved land, 16,586. Distances. By the Montreal in- Railroad, thirty-seven miles north receive a rich re- from Concord, and nine north from ter basin. Employments. Agriculture is principal employment of the habitants, who ward 253 There for their labor. is Gilford. considerable capital invested in manufactures. 35,000 pairs of cot- Railroads. The Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad passes ton hose, 4,000,000 feet of dimen- through this town. The Meredith and Conway Railroad is a projected line which may be built at sion lumber, 600,000 lath, and 5,000 shooks are annually manufactured, besides chair &c, bobbins, stuff, # &c. Annual productions $175,900; mechanical labor, $ 45,000 stocks and bonds, - MERRIItlACE. Resources. of the soil, ; 8 some future time. (See tables.) 6.900 ; money at interest, $ 34,726 deposits in savings banks, §111, 020 ; stock in trade, § 23,557 summer tourists, $ 20,000. from ; . . Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. G. I. Bard, pastor; Calvin Baptist, Freewill Baptist, Rev. Lincoln Given, pas; There are 20 school districts and seventeen schools in town. tor. HlLLSBOROUGFI COUNTY. The surface of this town is generally even, broken by a few moderate The soil, in various places, but there is considerable plain land which is not very productive, without heavy fertilizing. swells. is fertile ; The intervals on the rivers, pro- duce fine crops of grain and grass. Merrimack River washes its eastern border. Souhegan River enters the town from AmRivers. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 254 and pursues a winding course and joins the Merrimack one Parker & hei'st, ductions, $40,000. mile black walnut centre tables, ornamented and carved work, with marble tops, $ 60,000. David Hen- above Thornton's Ferry. Babboosuck Brook, issuing from Babboosuck Pond, in Amherst, empties into the Souhegan near its confluence with the Merrimack. Penichook Brook has its source from a pond in Ilollis, and forms the southern boundary of the town. About one mile from the mouth of the Souhegan is the best water power on the river. The water three separate falls within the space of half a mile. It is estimated, that if the power fills 83 feet in on these falls was properly utilized, it would sustain a village of 4,500 inhabitants. There are four small each with a post office, Reed's Ferry, viz., Merrimack, Thornton's Ferry, and South Merrimack, on the Nashua and Wilton Villages. villages, railroad. The three first the Concord railroad, and some manufacturing. are on all have At Reed's Ferry there is one store, school house, and several manufactories, such as brick, barrels, and overalls (on an extensive scale). At Thornis a school house and store; also manufactories of ton's Ferry there and furniture. At Merrimack there is one church edifice, school house, a new and commodious town house, store, and bricks, barrels hotel; also manufactories of ex- woolens. At South Merrimack there is a church edifice, school house, and store. Farming is the Employments. tension tables and principal employment of the in- is an important branch of business. M. Houghton & Son manufacture black walnut and chestnut extension tables annual value of pro- habitants, but manufacturing ; Co., derson, flannel and carpets, $ 70, Fessenden & Lowell, cooper 000. Nelson H. Brown $ 6,000. Hosea Evans, barrels, $ 2,000 besides overalls, pants and sacks, $ 200,000 meal and flour, $ 3,500 lumber, $8,700; also blacksmiths, stock, $20,000. & Co,, barrels and lumber, ; ; carpenters, wheelwrights, painters, coopers, harness makers, &c. total value of all kinds of ical productions, is The mechan- $ 435,000 annu- Merrimack claims the first discovery, in this region, of making what are called Leghorn bonnets. ally. Misses Burnaps first made them, years ago, and some of their bonnets were sold at auction several for $ 50.00 each. Much attention is now given to manufacturing sale sacks, pants, and overalls. Two firms make 20,000 dozens annually, valued at 6 200,000. The amount paid for making this clothing is over $ 24,000. Females take the goods (cut out) from the shops, and make them, at their respective homes. Resources. Productions of the $94,496; _mechanical labor, $96,400; stocks and money at insoil, terest, $25,380; deposits in savings banks, $ 157,847 stock in trade, $25,375; from tourists, $2,000; ; professional business, $ 10,000. The still large available water power unimproved, together with its railroad facilities, make the future Merrimack look encouraging for seeing a large manufacturing town within a few years. 1st ConChurches and Schools prospects of gregational, Rev. C. L. Hubbard, pastor ; number of members, 125 • �255 MIDDLETON. South Merrimack, 2d Congre- at to ponder the epitaph on his head gationalism no settled pastor, 40 stone, in the cerneteiw at Merri- twelve members. Tliere are schools in town; average length, biography of a for the year, twenty-one total weeks; value of school houses, $6,900. Hotel. Merrimack House. This town was pari of Dunstable (now Nashua) and originally called Souhegan East. Settlements were comFirst Settlements. menced as early as 1733. The first house was erected in town, several years before any permanent settlement was made. It was located on the margin of the river, and occupied as a place of traffic with the Indians. Tt was owned by John Cromwell, of England, and was called Cromwell's House. He carried on a profitable trade with the Indians, for some time, in purchasing their furs, having as a weight on the opposite scale his foot for their furs to weigh down. This deception, at length, they found out, and they determined to kill him for his perfidy towards them. Cromwell heard of their intention, through some source, buried his furs, and made his escape. Soon after his flight a party of the Pennacook tribe made their appearance, and not finding him, burned his house. The town was incorporated April 2, 1746, and deits name from the river on which it was situated. Hon. Matthew Thornton, one of rived the signers of the Declaration of American Independence, resided many years in this town. The town records show that Mr. Thornton presided over their town meetings, and held various town offices. Statesmen and eminent old men of to-day, who positions of trust, hold honorable would do well mack. but a worthy It is short, enough to time. life It is volumes, but all three words, " The fill implied in Honed Man:'' He died in 1803, at the age of eighty-nine. The people are to-day noted their staid integrity, for and general intelligence. First Minister. nap settled in Rev. Jacob Bur- 1772, died in 1821. North by Bedford, Nashua, and west by Amherst. Area, area of improved 19,361 acres; Boundaries. east by Litchfield, south by land, 8,798 acres. Distances. Twenty-seven miles south from Concord, eight north from Nashua, and six miles east from Amherst. The Concord Railroads. Rail- road passes along its eastern border, while the Nashua and Wilton Railroad runs through the southern part. On the Concord road there are stations at Reed's Ferry, Merrimack, and Thornton's Ferry on the Wilton road, rimack. at South Mer- MIJ»10L,ETOIV. Straffokd County. The sur- even, and in some portions rocky. By careful cultiva- face is tion, the soil can be made to yield fine crops. Moose Mountain, Mountains. which separates this town from Brookfield, is the principal ele- vation, There are no ponds nor streams of any note, consequently there is but very little water power. Employments. The employments of the people are varied. Some are engaged in Agriculture, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 256 while others are employed in me75,000 shoe and chanical labor. carving knives are annually manufactured ; shingles, 2,000 clapboards, 62,000 42,000 of feet boards and dimension timber sawed, and bushels of grain ground, other small mechanical works. The total value of manufactured goods annually produced, 6,600 besides including grain ground, is $33,000. Productions of the Resources. soil, $23,939; $ 20,000 ; deposits in 700; $21,792; savings banks, stock in trade, $2,100; from summer Churches tourists, and $400. Schools. Free- Baptist, Rev. Seth Sawyer, will pastor town mechanical labor, at interest, $ 2. money ; There are four schools in average length for the year, sixteen weeks. "Rollins Hotel," and Hotels. " Shapley House." ; is is uneven, and broken. The soil good, and well adapted to agri- But few towns in the culture. county produce better or more valuable crops to the acre. Rivers and Ponds. The upper Amonoosuek and Androscoggin Rivers pass through this town, flowing in nearly opposite direc- The tions. latter receives several There are which Cedar is tributaries in Milan. several ponds, of the largest. Employments. The inhabitants are mostly engaged in agriculture. There are several saw mills, which annually manufacture over 4,000, 000 feet of lumber, and two starch mills manufacturing 175 tons of starch. Productions of the mechanical labor, money at interest, $ 4, $ 10,200 687; deposits in savings banks, Resources. soil, $ 79,972 ; ; from First Settlements. Thomas Morgan, and others came to this town $ 324 stock and made a settlement a few years Boundaries. North by Brookfield and Wakefield, east by Milton, south by Milton and New- MethoChurches and Schools. Church, Rev. L. E. Gordon, There are ten school pastor. districts in town; average length of schools, for the year, eight weeks. Union Hotel. Hotel. This toAvn was Settlements. Durham and west by New Dur- granted to Sir William ham. others, before the Revolution. corporated First March 4, Minister. It was In- 1778. Rev. Nehemi- ah Ordway settled in 1778. Area, 9,840, acres; improved land 3,806 acres. Distances. Forty miles northeast from Concord, and twentyfive north-west from Dover. Railroad Three miles to Union station on the Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad. MILAN. Coos County. Although there are no mountains of any considei*able altitude, in Milan, the surface ; summer in trade, $ 4,900 tourists, $ ; 4,500. dist Mayne and under the name of Pauls- burg in 1771. It retained this name until December 16, 1824, when it was incorporated under the name of Milan. North Boundaries and Area. by hummer and Cambridge, east by Success, south by Berlin, west by Stark and Killkenney. Area, 31,154 acres; area of improved land, 5,512 acres. Distances. fifty One hundred and miles north from Concord, �MILFORD. twenty-two miles north-east from Lancaster. Railroad. Grand Trunk Rail- road, passes through this town. 257 new impetus has been given to all branches of business. In the season of 1871, the Souhegan cotton mill was burned, which, to some extent, has paralyzed business but the inhabitants are vigorous and industrious, and, no doubt, will soon recover from this disaster, and go forward with renewed zeal. Nearly all branches of industry are pursued. There are two meat markets, five grocery stores, four dry goods, two clothing, two drug and medicine, two hardware, one book, two boot and shoe, one merchant tailor, two stove and tin ware, one jewelry, two millinery, one furniture and crockery store, and one fish market. Besides, there are two eating houses, one hotel, two livery stables, two churches, one large high school building, two banks, one large social library, and about two hundred and fifty dwelling houses. There are also four law- road, a ; HlLTJSBOROUGH COUNTY. Milford is one of the most important towns in the State, in point of agriculture, manufactures, and trade. It ranks in population and wealth as the thirteenth town in the State, and in the county, the third. It lies on hoth sides of the Souhegan River, which runs in an easterly direction through the town, and affords many valuable water privileges. The surface is moderately uneven. There is some very fine interval land on the Souhegan, about half a mile in width, the which is annual- larger portion of ly overflowed, which causes the be deep, black, and exceedingly fertile. The uplands, when properly cultivated, produce excellent crops of corn, oats, &c. Large quantities of fruit, of various kinds, are annually produced. Much attention has been given for a few years past, to the production of milk for the market. Over 220, 000 gallons are annually sent to Boston, besides what is sold in the village. The farmers of Milford know the valuable results obtained through " New-Hampshire" farming; and everything about their farms and farm buildings soil to indicates that their knowledge has been put into practical operation. On the Souhegan is located the large and thriving village For many years it of Milford. Village. has been the seat of considerable manufacturing and trade, but since the completion of the Wilton Rail- yers, five physicians and various other One of the finest was the State pense of $ since, dentists, town halls in erected, at an ex- 45,000, about five years an ornament to the The streets are wide and and village. and offices. is many of them pleasantly shaded. In the centre of the village is a handsome Common, beautifully shaded, and around this park are located many of the business blocks. Many of the dwellings are very neat, adorned with beautiful grounds, and enclosed fences. with handsome The whole village bears that impress of thrift and enterprise, which ev- ery stranger admires, who has the pleasure of making a visit to this delightful town. It is becoming a popular resort for tourists, and �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 258 many spend summer their vaca- summer tourists, $ 4,000 : profes- &c, $ 100,000. tion here. sional service, trades Employments. Many of the inhabitants are devoted to agricul- CongreGeorge Prince, Jr., pastor number of members, 265. Baptist, Rev. J. Tf. Tilton, pastor. There are thirteen schools in town ture, but manufacturing and trade, are the most important branches of business 813,000 yards of cotton goods are manufactured carpets, &c, are annually made to ; ; the value of $ 260,000 ; 153,000 lbs. of knitting and tidy yarn valued at $107,100; 9,000 pairs men's boots and shoes furniture to the value ; of $ 100,000 90,000 ; mackerel barrels, half barrels, 90,000 kits and kegs; 120,000 pictui'e and mirror frames 70,000 portable desks and fancy boxes; printers' furniture, Churches and Schools. gational, Rev. ; classified as follows : three of the primary grade, two grammar, seven mixed or ungraded, and one high school. Milford has taken the advance step in education, under the public free school system. At the June session in 1870, the Legislature passed an act to enable towns to abolish the district 700,000 shingles, 1,800,000 school system, and have the district embrace the whole town, under the supervision of a board of and dimension timber sawed; 40,000 bushels grain ground 24,000 sides upper leather education. Under this system the school terms are of the same length throughout the town. At the an- and 31,000 sides sole leather tanbesides ned, valued at $ 306,000 nual town meeting in March, 1871. Milford claimed the benefit of this law, and abolished the several districts in town, and it is now comprised in one school district. No doubt the system is a correct one, for every scholar in town now has the same privilege as to the length of school terms, and grades, and is the equal, only in distance from school room, which cannot be ob- ; $ 10,000 ; feet of boards ; ; piano actions, toys, extension tawindow springs, and various other manufactured articles, too numerous to mention. There are also blacksmiths, carpenters, masons, marble workers, painters, tailors, milliners, jewelers, &c. The granite quarrying is becoming an important branch of industry. This granite is pronounced of the best quality free from iron, and is of easy access to the railroad. bles, — men Seventy-five are employed on the various ledges. ital The total cap- invested in manufactories is $722,300; males employed, 445, females, 211 value of goods annu; ally produced is $ 1,360,500. Productions of the mechanical labor, $252,100; stocks &c, $59,300; money at interest, $ 95,340 deposits in savings banks, $355,390; Resources. soil, $ 162,500 ; ; stocks in trade, $ 142,688 ; from viated. The length of schools for the weeks, divided into three terms of twelve weeks year is thirty-six Amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 6,200. Amount of money in length. expended to build and repair schoolhouses the past year, (1872,) $7,103.52 Present Board of Education, W. B. Orcutt, G. Pierce, Jr., and D. S. Burnham. Library. Milford Free Library. Number of volumes, 2,005. Books taken out for the year ending Jan- �MILLSFIELD uary, 1873, equal to one Number 9,207 times. volume of persons — MILTON. in an easterly and westerly direc- tion. taking out books, 750. National Souhegan Banks. Bank, and Milford Five Cents Savings Bank. Union Hotel. ValuaHotel. ation, $ 10,000. bles valued at$ Two livery sta- 11,000 259 mi i.viiii.i) Coos County. The surface of town is uneven, but the soil is . this and might produce good strong, grass and grain, if the cold climate and isolated location did not Milford was incorporated January 11, 1794, and included what was anciently call- debar Duxbury Mile Slip and ed School Farm. John Burns, William Peabody, Benjamin Hopkins, Caleb Jones, Nathan Hutchinson, land, 4 horses, 14 cattle, 6 sheep, First Settlers Bradford, Elisha Town, Captain Josiah Crosby, and William Wallace were the first setCaptain Crosby was a revtlers. Andrew olutionary officer. The blood of the sons of Milford ran freely in the war of the great rebellion. The memorial tablet in the Town Hall building gives the names of sixty soldiers belong- ing to this town who were killed or died from the effects of the war. First Churches and Minister. A Congregational Church was organized in 1788, and the Baptist oi"ganized September 5, 1809, Rev. Humphrey Moore (Congregational) was the first settled minister, and was ordained in 1802. North by LyndeBoundaries. borough Mount Vernon and Amherst, east by Amherst and Hollis, south by Hollis and Brookline, and west by Mason and Wilton. Area 15,402 acres; area of improved tent. its being settled to any ex- In habitants, 1870, there were 28 inimproved 180 acres of The north3 swine in town. ern portion is mountainous. There are several ponds, the largest of which is 300 rods long and 140 Clear Stream waters its wide, northern extremity, and Philip's River with several small streams the other parts of the town. This town was granted to Sir and Thomas Mills, George Boyd and others, March I, 1774. North by Dixville, by Errol, south by Dummer, and west by Odell and Dixville Boundaries., east Area, 23,200 acres. 150 miles north from Distances. Concord, and 36 north-east from Lancaster. aiii/roN. Strafford County. This is an important town in point of The surface is manufactories. broken and affords excellent pas- The soil is generally when properly tilled, turage. and, duces good, pro- fair crops. Rivers. the Salmon eastern Falls River section wa- of the land, 10,547. ters Thirty-one miles Distances. south from Concord, five southwest from Amherst, and ten north west of Nashua. Railroad. Nashua and Wilton Railroad passes through the town, town. A branch of this river passes through the northern part, and unites with it at the eastern border of the town, near the center of the line. There is some valuable water power, a part of which is im- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 260 proved with valuable manufacto- money annually appropriated ries. school purposes $ 1,645,85. Literary Institution. -Milton Classical Institute, Mr. J. H. Ponds and Mountains. Pond Milton the foot of Teneriffe Mountain, a bold and rocky elevation which extends along the eastlies at ern part of the town. Employments. The employments of the inhabitants are nearly equally divided between farming on the one side and manufacturing and trading on the other. At Milton Mills there is considerable manufacturing one manufactory annu- — ally producing over $ 170,000 worth of flannels and blankets. There are also produced in other manufactories, 200,000 yards of felt cloth, embossing cloth, 20,000 printing, or piano and table Also carriages. At the covei's. South part there are made over $ 100,000 worth of shoes, 15,000 clap150,000 yards of boards, 325,000 shingles, 15,000 railroad splices, 5,000 shooks, 475, 000 feet of lumber 'besides, there Ham, for pi'incipal. Franklin House. At Milton Mills, Central House. First Organization. Milton was formerly a part of Rochester, and was incorporated June 11, 1802. Boundaries. North - west by Middleton and Wakefield, east by Hotels. Salmon Falls river, which sepafrom Lebanon, Maine, and south-west by Farmington and rates it New acres; Durham. area of Area, 25,000 improved land, 8,517 acres. Forty miles north- Distances. from Concord, and twenty north-west from Dover. The Portsmouth, Railroads. Great Falls and Conway Railroad passes through this town, nearly north and south. east ; are carriage and other small mechanical shops. The total value of goods, of all kinds, annually manufactured in town is $520,000. Productions of the mechanical labor, soil, $68,192; $65,000; money at interest, $5, 250; deposits in savings banks, Resources. ' $ 21,193. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. F. Haley, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Joseph F. Joy, pastor; Christian, Rev. D. E. Goodwin. Milton Mills, Congregational, Rev. D. B. Scott, pastor; Baptist, Rev. Caleb F.Page, pastor. There are also Rev. J. S. Potter, Freewill Baptist, and Elder I. J. $ 67,874; stock in trade, Tebbits, Methodist. There are Aver- thirteen schools in town. age length of schools, for the year, seventeen weeks. Amount of ITIOIVROE. Grafton County. The town surface broken with hills and valleys, and affords excellent of this grazing. good, and, is The soil is generally when properly culti- vated, produces fine crops of grain There is considerable and hay. interval on the river, and the west slope of Gardner's mountain produces excellent grass and wheat. River. Connecticut River washes its western border. At the narrows in this town, the river is only five rods in width, being conThe by walls of slate. •fined scenery, at this point, is grand and Near the north -west- picturesque. ern extremity of the town, at the confluence of the Connecticut and Passumpsic rivers, the former as- sumes the shape of a diamond, its �261 MOULTONBOROTJGH. and affording a delightful land- wheat, corn, potatoes, &c. The town ranks as the sixth town in the county, in the value of its ag- scape. ricultural products. Bog iron ore, zinc Minerals. and copper ore are found in various localities. Employments. The inhabitants Red Hill Rivers, Ponds, &c. River, the principal stream, originates in Sandwich, and passes are largely engaged in farming. The lumber business is extensivebushels on. 1,400 ly carried wheat, 3,000 bushels corn, and 9,000 bushels of oats and barley piseogee. are annually produced. town. Red Hill, lying Mountains. wholly in this town, is about 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, about one twenty islands, greatest width being mile, encircling Productions of the $61,254; mechanical labor, Resources. soil, $ 15,000 money ; deposits 976; in $ at interest, 19, savings banks, $ 20; stock in trade, $ 8,800; from tourists, $ 3,000. Churches and Schools. Christian, There Union, and Methodist. Average are six schools in town. length of schools for the year, twenty-three weeks. Hotel. Organization. Monroe was disannexed from the western part of Lyman, and formed into a separate town, July 13, 1854. North by Littleton, east by Lyman, south by Bath, and west by Barnet, Vermont. Area of improved land, 8,246 Boundaries. acres. Distances. By railroad, ninety- seven miles north from Concord, and fifteen north from Haverhill. Railroad. At Mclndoe's Falls, on the Passumpsic Railroad, in Vermont, is town into the WinniLong Pond is a beauti- this ful sheet of water, and connects by a channel sixty Avith the lake Squam and Winrods in length. nipiseogee Lakes lie partly in this and commands notice from the east, south, and west, and extends about three miles from east to west, between Red Hill River on the north, Great Squam on the west, Great Squam and Long Pond on the south, terminating south-east by a neck of fine land, extending into the Winnipiseogee. Monroe House. First through the station for Mun- A number of oval bluffs rise on summit, from each of which the prospect, on either hand, is its The extensive and delightful. north bluff is supposed to consist Bog ore is of a body of iron ore. found in a brook descending from This mountain is covered with soil, and is wooded It owes its nearly to its summit. name to the circumstance of the this bluff. Uva Ursa, with which it is covered, changing to a brilliant Ossipee red in the autumn. Mountain extends its base into leaves, . this roe. nOVLTONBOROCGH, Carroll County. The surface of Moultonborough is mountainous, but the soil is deep and fertile, and yields good crops of town, and is a commanding elevation. Springs. On the south part of Ossipee Mountain, in Moultonborough, is a mineral chalybeate spring, the water strongly impregnated with iron and sulphur, and �NEW-HAMPSHIKE GAZETTEER. 262 efficacious in cutaneous eruptions. soil, About a mile north $7,600 money at interest, $3,064 deposits in savings banks, $22, is a spring of pure, cold water,- sixteen feet in diameter, through the centre of which the water, containing a small portion of white sand, is constantly thrown up to the height of two feet. The spring furnishes water sufficient for mills. On the stream, nearly a mile below, is a beautiful water-fall of seventy Descending on the left of this fall, a cave is found, containing charcoal and other evidences of its having once been a hiding place for the Infeet perpendicular. dians. Indians. The Ossipee tribe of Indians once resided in this vicinity, and some years since a tree was standing in Moultonborough, on which was carved in bierogliphics the history of their expe- Many Indian implements have been found, indicating this to have been once their favorite residence. In 1820, on a small island in Lake Winnipiseogee, was found a curious gun barrel, much worn by age and rust, ditions. and relics divested of its stock, enclosed in the body of a pitch pine tree, sixteen inches in diameter. On the line of Tuftonborough, on the shore of the lake, at the mouth of Molvin River, a gigantic skeleton was found, about sixty years since, buried in a sandy soil, apparently that of a man more than seven feet high, the jaw bone easily passing over the face of a large man. Employments. Agriculture is the principal people. 000 feet employment of the and 325, of boards &c, are annual700,000 shingles, ly sawed. Resources. Productions of the $109,622; mechanical labor, ; 442 ; stock in trade, $ 10,401 summer tourists, $ ; from 3,600. Churches and Schools. MethoChurch, Rev. Henry Chandler, pastor. There are seventeen school districts in this town, and sixteen schools. Average length of schools for the year, nineteen weeks. Hotels. Jaclard House. dist Episcopal First Settlements. Moultonborough was granted by the Masonian proprietors to Col. Jonathan Moulton and sixty-one others, No- vember 17, 1763. Incorporated November 27, 1777. In the month of August, 1784, a boy of Mr. Leach, eight years of age, was sent to a pasture, towards the close of the day, to put out a horse and bring home the cows. His father, being in a neighboring field, heard a cry of distress, and running to the fence, saw his child lying on the ground, and a bear standing by him. He seized a stake and crept along, with a view to get between the bear and the child. The bear took the child by the throat, and drew him into the bushes. The father pursued till he came up, and aiming a stroke at the bear, the stake broke in his hand, and the bear, leaving his prey, turned upon the parent, who, in the anguish of his soul, was obliged to retreat, and call for help. Before any sufficient- help could be obtained, the night was so far advanced that a search was The night was impracticable. passed by the family in the utmost distress. The neighbors assembled, and, at break of day, renewed the pursuit. The child's hat. �MOUNT VERNON. and the bridle, which he had dropwere found, and they tracked ed, his blood about forty rods, they discovered The corpse. the throat when mangled was torn, Whilst and one thigh devoured. they were standing around the body, the bear arose from behind a log. Three guns were tired at him at the same instant, which dispatched him, and a fire was immediately kindled, in which he was consumed. First Ministers. Rev. Samuel Perley, Congregational, ordained 263 tions a fine prospect of the coun- east and south-east, can be obtained. On the top of one of these elevations is situated the try, flourishing village of Mount Ver- non, which has become noted for its fine scenery, healthy location, literary institution, and as a summer resort for tourists from Boston, New-York, and other large cities. Streams. There is but one stream of any note. It rises in the north part and passes into Amherst near the eastern extremity of the plain. miles north This stream was called, by the InQuohyuinaspassakessanandians, uaquog. Farming and Employments. keeping summer boarders are the principal occupations of the inhabThe manufacture of fancy itants. writing desks and boxes has been carried on quite extensively for a number of years. The value of these desks and boxes, annually manufactured, is about $ 45,000. Productions of the Resources. soil, $ 72,973 mechanical labor, $21,200; money at interest, $13, 670; deposits in savings banks, from Concord, and about north-west from Ossipee. fifteen $36,739; stock in trade, $6,225; stage to from summer tourists, $ 6,200. Churches and Schools. Congregational Church, Rev. Seth H. Keeler, pastor. There are five in 1778, died in 1779; Rev. Jere- miah Shaw, ordained in 1779; Rev. Joshua Dodge, settled in 1808. The first house for public worship was erected in 1773, and blown down by a violent east wind, in 1819. The Congregational church was formed March 12, 1777. Boundaries. North by Sandwich and Tarn worth, east by Ossipee and Tuftonborough, south by Lake Winnipiseogee, and west by Centre Harbor and Squam Lake. Area of improved land, 14,265 acres. Distances. Fifty By Railroads. Meredith Railroad. expected When that shire Central, Ossipee through on the and Montreal station, ten miles, Concord, Boston, daily completed, the it is New-Hamp- and Meredith and Railroads tliis town. will pass MOUNT VERNON. Hillsborough Count?. The town is uneven and surface of this is strong and productive, well adapted to grass and grain. On many of the eleva- elevated, but the soil ; schools in town, average length for the year, twenty weeks. Literary Institution. Institute Mc Collom was organized D. A. Anderson is in 1850; the Principal. Mount Vernon Public . Library. Library, 200 volumes, and Mc Collom Institute Library, 600. Hotels. One of the finest hotels in the State was burnt in this town, and has not been in April, 1872, rebuilt. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 264 First Organization. Mount Vernon was originally a part of Amherst, from which it was disannexed, and incorporated, Decem- ber 15, 1803. First tional Church. The Congrega- Church was organized here in 1780. North by NewBoundaries. Boston; east by Amherst, south by Amherst and Milford, and west by Lyndeborough. Area, 7,957 acres, improved land, 6,942 acres. Twenty-eight miles Distances south from Concord, -and three north-west from Amherst. Railroads. It is four and onehalf miles to Milford station, on the Wilton railroad. NASHUA. Hillsborough County. Nashand part shire town of the county, is one of the most im- ua (a city) portant cities in the State, being the second in the value of its manufactories, the third in population, and fourth in wealth. It presents a very even surface in the eastern portion, while the western part is more broken, but not mountainous. The soil is varied and easy of cultivation, and produces good crops, especially along the banks of the rivers. It is and the Nashua River, having source in Massachusetts, flows in a north-easterly direction through the city, and joins the Merrimack near the principal settlement. This river near its mouth furnishes some excellent der, its water power, which the called who had " Nashaway,' their headquarters on its banks, in the present town of LanIt was a caster", Massachusetts. great resort for them near the Falls in Nashua for fishing, and, above and below its mouth, on the Merrimack, for cultivation. Salmon Brook is a considerable flowing from stream, Massachusetts, and joins the Merrimack here. There is some water power, which is improved. This city is noted for its sive Iron Mills and Cotton factories exten- Manu- and the enterprising and public spirit of its inhabitants. It one of the largest railroad centres in the State. No less than six railroads have their termini here viz. Boston, Lowell and Nashua, Worcester and Nashua, Nashua and Acton, Nashua and Wilton, Concord and Nashua and RochesThese various ter Railroads. is roads lead to all sections of the country, north, east, south, and west. It has many fine streets, beautifully shaded, and many of the private residences are fine structures and compare favorably with those of any city or town in the State. Some of the business blocks are large and very expensive a number of which have been built within a few years. The City Hall is a fine brick building, having a dome surmounted by a large gilt eagle. The mercantile houses are principally located on two streets, and contain about one hundred and twenty-five stores and shops for trade of various kinds many of them being large, with goods finely displayed. There are eleven church edifices, twenty; well watered by ivers and smaller streams. The Merrimack washes its eastern borRivers. dians occupied by large Cotton Manufactories. The river was named for a tribe of Inis — eight schools, three hotels, seven �265 NASHUA. houses, five banks, two weekly and two daily newspapers, 2,100 dwelling houses and about eating 12,000 inhabitants. The per cent, of increase in wealth and population, for the past three years, has been quite as great as that of any city in the State. The manufac- Manufactories. tures are varied and quite extensive, the most important of which are as follows Nashua Manufacturing Company, capital, §1,000,000; employs 300 800 women and chil- men and dren; annual payroll §360.000; produce 13,970,891 yards of fine sheetings, print cloth, and cotton valued at $ 1,862,275. Jackson Manufacturing Company, capital, § 600,000, employ 100 men, and 350 women and children annual pay roll $ 150,000 produce 9,054,800 yards of cotton cloth, valued at § 1,086,576. Vale Mills. Capital, §300,000; employ 30 men, and 50 women and children annual pay roll $ 24, 000, and produce 884,000 yards of cotton cloth valued at § 97,200 Nashua Iron and Steel Company, capital, $ 500,000 employ 300 men annual pay roll § 180,000 flannels, ; ; ; ; value of productions, §2,000,000. This Company produces steel tire, locomotives, cranks, heavy iron and steel shafting, and all kinds of Nashua Foundry, capital, § 45, employ 70 men; annual 000.00; pay roll, §36,000; annual sales, § 100,000. Warner and Whitney. Machine employ Shop, capital, § 50,000 60 men pay roll § 28,000 annual value of productions, § 100,000. A. H, Saunders, Machinist, capanital, § 25,000 employs 10 men nual pay roll, §8,600; production, § 40,000. Flathen & Company, Machinists, capital, § 12,000; employ 16 men; annual pay roll §9,600; produc; ; ; ; ; tion, §24,000. Nashua Lock Company, capital, employ 134 males, and annual pay roll, § 60, 16 females §60,000, ; 000 ; sales, § 180,000. American Patent Horse Clipping Company, capital, § 10,000 patent sales, § 10,000. Nashua Card and Glazed Paper Company, capital, § 100,000, employ 75 males, and 75 females, an; nual pay roll, §57,000; annual value of productions, § 450,000. Eaton and Ayer, bobbins, spools and shuttles for cotton and woolen employ factories. Capital §100,000, 200 men, pay roll, ductions, § 175,000. Fletcher, Webster facturers of § 84,000 & Co., ; pro- manu- black walnut and chestnut furniture, capital §75,000 employ 60 males and 20 females heavy and light iron and steel work. Their- grounds cover twenty acres. Within their enclosure, are six large buildings each 200 feet long, and 75 feet wide, making the area covered with buildings about two annual pay-roll, §44,600; sales, § 120,000. Nashua Novelty Works, manu- acres. Capital, Nashua Iron Company, capital, §60,000; employ 95 men; annual and pay § 52,800 annual value of production, § 190,000. roll, ; facture bird cages, toy sleds, toy wagons, and almost every description of toys in the juvenile line. § 25,000 3 females; ; employ 15 males annual pay-roll, §9,600; sales, §30,000. Gregg & Son, doors, sash and blinds; capital, §65,000; employ �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 266 65 men; pay-roll, $36,000; annual dist, Rev. H. L. Kelsey; sales, $96,000. Melendy & Co., planing and mouldings, capital, $20,000; employ 12 men, annual pay-roll, $7, 200; business $65,000 annually; Unitari- Gorman; Univer- an, Rev. T. L. salist, lumber $60,000, and flour and meal ground, $ 13,400. (See tables.) There are, also, annually produced, monuments, grave stones, and granite cutting, $ 100,000 confectionery and baker's bread, $120, matresses, $ 50,000 gas, $ 40, 000 000; newspaper and job printing, ; ; ; $45,000; bedsteads, $10,000; besides soap-stone work, Underhiirs edge tools, wooden boxes, paper suspenders, and various other mechanical shops and trades, such as tailors, milliners, shoe boxes, workmen, blacksmiths, carpenters, The total cappainters, &c, &c. invested in manufacturing, of every description, is $3,436,300; number of males employed, 1690; ital females, Annual amount 1380. annual paid for labor, $ 1,374,000 value of productions, $ 7,393,500. Productions of the Resources. ; soil, $1,374,000; ional mechanical labor, engaged in profess- $88,550; and personal business, trade and transportation, 1080 persons; annual amount received for their labor, $ 648,000 stocks and bonds, $ 188,040, money at interest, $ 53, 098; deposits in savings banks, $ 1, 410,231 stock in trade, $ 994,000. First Churches and Pastors. ; ; Congregational, Rev. F. Alvord; Oliver St. Congregational, Rev. J. S. Blake; Pearl Street Congregational, Rev. C. Wetherby; First Roman Catholic, Rev. J. O' Donnell, priest; French Roman Catholic, Rev. J. Millette, priest; Main V. A. Chestnut Street Metho- Street Methodist, Rev. Cooper; Rev. L. A. Philbrook; BapRev. G. W. Nicholson; Episcopal, Rev. J. B. Goodrich, rector. Many of these Churches have very fine edifices. The French Catholic church is new and a handsome and expensive structist, ture. Schools. There are twenty-eight graded schools. Average length of schools, for the year, thirty-nine weeks. 2,325. Number of scholars, Amount of money annu- appropriated for school pur$ 26,400.65, or $ 11.36 to each scholar in the city. A high school building is to be erected on the grounds of the old cemetery, on Spring Street, at an expense of $ 65,000, also one at the Harborborough, costing $ 10,000. When these two school buildings are completed, the value of school houses, including lots, will be $ 170,000. But one other city in the State appropriates as much money ally poses, The high under the charge of H. Hussey. The Nashua for school purposes. school T. W. is Literary was estabDavid Crosby is Institution lished in 1835. the principal. (See Literary In- stitutions.) Libraries. ry, 6,000 Nashua City LibraPersons own- volumes. ing private libraries, of 600 volumes or over, are A. H. Saunders, Dr. E. Spaulding, William BarH. B. Atherton, Judge G. Y. Sawyer, Hon. John H. Goodale, W. W. Bailey, and Rev. J. O Donnell. New - Hampshire Newspapers. Telegraph, weekly; Daily Telegraph; New-Hampshire Gazette, and Hillsborough .County Adverrett, 1 �267 NASHUA. tiser, weekly; and Nashua Daily Nashua Gazette. Historical So- First Settlements. Nashua was settled prior to 1673, and was thp settlement in southern ciety is in a flourishing condition, earliest having a large collection of an- October 15, New-Hampshire. 1673, it was incorporated by Mas- tique curiosities. (See tables.) First National Bank, Banks. Indian Head National Bank, capital, $270,000; City Savings Bank, Nashua Savings Bank, and Metotal chanics' Savings Bank; amount of deposits, $ 2,861,102.82. (See tables.) Indian Head House and Hotels. Tremont House. Pennichuck WaWatenvorks. terworks were constructed in 1854. The water is taken from an artificial pond, containing from twenty to thirty acres, and is fed by many The water never-failing springs. forced into a large reservoir, half a mile north of the City Hall, and about one hundred and ten is under the name of Dunstable, and comprised within sachusetts, borders, Hollis, Merrimack, and Hudson, in New-Hampshire, and Tyngsborough, -Dunstable, and parts of Groton, Peperell, and Townsend, in Massachusetts, and Litchfield, portions of Pelham, Milford, and Brookline, in NewHampshire. It belonged to Mas- its sachusetts till the division line be- tween the two provinces was setIt was incorporated tled, in 1741, by New-Hampshire, April 1746, under the same name, and continued so till 1837, when it was changed to Nashua. In 1680, there thirty families in town. were above its foundation. Hydrants have been placed at convenient distances through the city proper, to guard against devastating fires. The water is pure, soft and excellent for culinary Among use. In 1803, a post office was established at the village of Nashua, then feet Future, Its section of more Few cities in this New-England have a flattering future, as to in- crease of wealth, population, and all other advances in civilization, such as schools, churches, benevolent societies, railroads, etc. With coming from all its six sections of the country, its large iron mills, constantly increasing in business, extensive cotton factories, and other important manufactories, there is no doubt but it will increase in every resource, fifty per cent, within the next ten years. its many She yields the palm to none of her sister cities, in the mechanical and inventive genius of her sons. the first settlers in this was Edward Tyng, who came here soon after it was incorThe names of Weld, porated. locality, Blanchard, Waldo, were among the Cummings &c. first settlers. containing a few stores, hotel and The several dwelling houses. canal boat was launched first about this time, with much parade, and christened, " The Nashua," and " Nashua Village." The charter for the turing Nashua Manufac- Company was obtained in and Mill No. 1 went into operation in December, 1825. In 1827, No. 2 Mill was built, and No. 3 in 1824, 1836. Indians. Dunstable was the frontier settlement, for over fifty and as such was exposed to Indian attacks, and subjected to all the cruelties and hardships of a years, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 268 savage warfare. war in 1675, the doned. During Philip's town was aban- neither acted with ty. The much soldiers, so proprie- suddenly in- several persons terrupted in their jovial entertain- were killed. In 1702, a party of Indians made an assault upon the ment, found themselves called upon to fight, when entirely destitute of arms, and incapable of obtaining any. The greater part were panic struck, and unable to fight Fortunately, all or fly. were In 1691, settlement, and killed several per- among whom was Thomas Weld. sons, the Rev. On the third day of July, 1706, a party of Indians made a descent upon Dunstable, (now Nashua), where they fell on a garrison that had twenty troopers in it. The troopers had been ranging the woods in the vicinity, and at night came towards the garrison appre; hending no danger, they turned upon the interarms and harness the house, and began a carousal, their horses loose val, piled their in to exhilirate their spirits after the The Indians had lately arrived in the vicinity. That day they had designed attack to both Wells' and fatigues of the day. One of their number had been "stationed to Golusha's garrisons. watch each of these houses, to see that no assistance approached, and no alarm was given. A short time previous to the arrival of the cavalry, the Indian stationed at Wells' returned to his party, an d all was safe. At Mr. Cummings and his wife went out to milk their cows and left the gate open. The Indians who had advanced undiscovered, started up, shot Mrs. Cummings dead upon the spot, and reported that sunset, a wounded her husband. They through the open gate into the house, with all the horrid yells of conquering savages, but started with amazement at finding the room filled with solders, merrily feasting. Both parties were completely amazed, and then rushed not in this sad condition some six or seven men, with chairs, clubs, and whatever they could seize upon, furiously attacked the advancing foe. The Indians who were as much surprised as the soldiers, had but little more courage than they, and immediately took to their heels for safety, thus yielding the house, defeated by one quarter of their number of unarmThe trumpeter, who ed men. was in the upper part of the house at the time of the attack, seized trumpet, and commenced his sounding an alarm, when he was shot dead by an Indian on the stair way. He was the only one of the party killed. September 4, 1724, the Indians again fell on Dunstable, and took two captives in the evening. The persons taken were Nathan Cross, and Thomas Blanchard, who had ; been engaged in the manufacture of turpentine, on the north side of the Nashua River, near where the city of Nashua now stands. At were no houses nor that time there settlements on that side of the rivThese men had been in the er. habit of returning every night, to lodge in a saw mill on the other That night, not returning side. as usual, an alarm was feared was given. had fallen that they It in- A parto the hands of the Indians. ty consisting of ten of the princi- pal inhabitants of the place start- �NASHUA. ed in search of them, under the direction of one French, a sergeant of militia. In this company was Farwell, who was afterward lieutenant under Lovewell. When < they arrived at the spot where the men had been laboring, they cut, the hoops of the barrel* and the turpentine spread up- on the found ground. From certain marks upon the trees, made with coal mixed with grease, they understood that the men were taken In the and carried off alive. course of this examination, Farwell perceived that the turpentine had not ceased spreading, and called the attention of his comrades to this circumstance. They concluded that the Indians had been gone but a short time, and must still be near, and decided upon instant pursuit. Farwell advised them to take a circuitous route to avoid any ambush. But, unfortunately, he and French, a short time previous, had had a misunderstanding, and were still at variance. French imputed this advice to cowardice, and called out, " I am going* to take the direct path if any of you are not afraid, let him follow me." French led the way, and the whole party followed, falling in the rear. Farwell Their route was up the Merrimack, towards which they bent their course, to look for their horses upon the interval. At the ; Lutwyche's (now brook, near Thornton's Ferry,) they were wayThe Indians fired upon them laid. and killed the larger part instant- A few fled, but were overtaken French was killand destroyed. ed about a mile from the place of ly. action. Farwell, in the rear, see- ing those before him fall, sprang 269 behind a and ran. discharged his rifle Indians pursued him the chase was vigorously maintained for some time, without gaining much advantage, till Farwell passing through a thicket, the Indians lost sight of him, and fearing he might have loaded again, they desisted. Farwell wa3 the only one of the company that escaped. A company from the neighborhood mustered, upon the news of this disaster, proceeded to the fated spot, took up the bodtree, Two ; ies of their friends and townsmen, and intered them in the burying ground. Blanchard and Cross were carried to Canada after remaining there some time, they ; succeeded, by their own exertions, in effecting their^edemption, and returned to their native town. In 1725, John Lovewell with Josiah Farwell as lieutenant, raised a company of volunteers, and marched northward in pursuit of In their two first expeditions, they killed eleven Indians, and took some prisoners; but in the third they met with a disastrous defeat by incautiously falling into an ambuscade at Lovewell's Pond, in Fryeburg, Maine. Sixteen were killed and eleven the enemy. wounded. Among the killed were Captain Lovewell, Lieutenant Farwell and Ensign Robins, all of Dunstable. The noted chief " Pagus," was killed. This disaster was a hard blow to the settlement, but it brought peace to this whole section of New England, and taught the Indians that swift retribution was sure to follow their savage cruelties to the settlers. The song of the heroes of " Lovewell Fight," was cherished, and sung at, the evening fireside, by the �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 270 sons and daughters of the settlers, for many years. In 1842, the northern portion of Nashua, on the north side of Nashua river, and on the south side as far as the Concord railroad, was disannexed and formed into a town called Nashville, and dividing the village by the river, leaving in the new town the Depot, the Jackson Cotton Mills, three churches, two hotels, fifteen or twenty stores and over two thousand inhabitants. This division was caused largely on the location of the Town Hall. City Charter. In 1853, the two towns were consolidated and chartered as the city of Nashua. The mayors under the city charter have been, in 1853, Joseph Baldwin; 1855, Freeman S. Rogers; 1857, Thomas W. bin Beard yer; Morrill; Spaulding; man; 1868, 1858, Al- ; Aaron W. SawGeorge Bowers; 1862, 1861, Hiram T. Gillis 1860, ; Edward Virgin C. 1865, 1866, 1864, Gilman George Bowers Gil- Scripture; 1869, ; Jona- Otterson; 1871, Dana 1872, Seth D. Chandler; 1873, Frank A. McKean. than D. Sargent; The population, decades, has been, 1790, 632; 1800, at the various in 705; 1775, 862; 1810, 1,049; 1820, 1,142; 1830, 2,417; 1840, 5,960; 1850, 8,942; 1860, 10,065; and 1870, At no time since 1840, has town increased in population, and business more rapidly than it has since 1870, and the num10,541 the ber of inhabitants is now (1874,) estimated at 12,000—polls, 2,800. The valuation of the city is $10, 388,693. First Ministers. Rev. Thomas Weld, Congregational settled in 1685; killed by the Indians in 1702, ; Rev. Nathaniel Prentice, settled in 1718; died in 1737; Rev. Josiah Swan, settled in 1738; dismissed in 1746 Rev. Samuel Bird, settled in 1747; dismissed in 1751; Rev. Joseph Kidder, settled in 1767; ; died in 1818. • Boundaries. North by Merrimack, east by Litchfield and Hudson, south by Tyngsborough and Dunstable Massachusetts, and west by Hollis. Area, 18,898 acres; area of improved land, 6, 069 acres. Distances. Thirty-five south from Concord, and north of west from Boston. miles forty NELSON. Cheshire County. Nelson is on the height of land, between the Connecticut and Merrisituated mack Rivers. but affords The soil is The surface is hilly excellent pasturage. generally hard to culti- vate, but yields the husbandman a good return for his labor. Harrisville was disannexed from its southern part, and, with the northern portion of Dublin, formed into a separate totvn, with the name of Harrisville, in 1870. Ponds. There are several ponds in town of which Long Pond is the largest. Employments. Agriculture is the principal vocation of the peoAt a small village, called ple. Monsonville, in the north-west section of the town, are several manufactories. J. D. Colony & Sons' cotton mill annually manufactures 468,000 yards cotton sheetThere ing, valued at $58,500. are, also, chair, lumber, and other small mechanical shops. Productions of the Resources. soil, $22,362; mechanical labor, �271 NEW-BOSTON. $ 16,800 terest, banks, $ stocks and ; $ 5,600 ; money at in- deposits in savings stock in trade, $48,781; 7,645. Churches and Schools. CongreMark Gould, pasThere are six schools in tor. town. Average length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. gational, Rev. The town was Monadnock numwas granted by First Settlement. originally called ber six. It the Masonian proprietors, February 22, 1774, under the name of Packersfield, and included a part of Roxbury. It was changed to its present name in June, 1814. Breed Batchelder and Dr. Nathaniel Breed commenced the first settlement in 1767. The Congrega- First Minister. be found show in different localities, that the agricultural inter- wholly neglected. Several Streams and Ponds. streams water this town, the largest of which is the south branch of the Piscataquog River, having its source in Pleasant Pond, in Beard's Pond, and Francestown. Jo English Pond are the principal bodies of water. There are many good water privileges. Elevations. In the south part is a considerable elevation, called Jo English Hill, one side of est is not which is nearly perpendicular. The scenery around here partakes of the largely alpine character, with rocks piled on rocks, and hills on hills. Agriculture is Employments. Church was organized here, Rev. Joseph January 31, 1781. Foster was installed as its pastor the same year. He was dismissed the principal vocation of the in- in 1791. annually produced. There are annually manufactured, news paper, valued at $78, tional Boundaries. North by Stoddard, east by Hancock, south by Harrisville, and west by Sullivan. Distances. Forty miles southwest from Concord, and eleven north from Keene. Railroad. By stage, three times a week, eleven miles, to Keene station. NEW BOSTON. New Hillsborough County. Boston is an important farming town, ranking as the fourth in the county in the value of its agricultural productions. Its surface is uneven, consisting of fertile hills, productive vales, and some valuable meadows. The soil is favora- ble for all the various productions common State, to this section and the many fine of the farms to habitants. 1,200 bushels wheat, pounds and 3,600 tons of hay are 7,600 bushels corn, 36,000 butter, 300; leather, $8,400; 20,000 clap225,000 shingles and laths, boards ; 1,500,000 feet boards and dimension timber, valued at $27,300; 15,000 bushels grain ground, $24,000; 900 door piano forte cases, $ 15,000 knobs, $1,500; besides, bureaus and fancy boxes, harnesses, boots, shoes, &c. There are also carpenters, blacksmiths, painters, masons and other trades. The total value of mechanical goods, annually produced, is $ 178,400. ; The lower village, which lies in a deep, narrow valley, and on the Piscataquog, is the seat of considerable trade and manufacturing, having a church, graded school, several stores, hotel, etc. Resources. Productions of the �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 272 soil, $ 150,057 mechanical labor, $ 32,500 stocks and money at interest, $ 18,030 deposits in savings banks, $ 187,923 stock in trade, $ 20,000 from summer tourists, $ 3,000 professional business, $ 12,000. Baptist, Churches and Schools. NEWBCRTT. ; Merrimack County. Newbury ; ; uneven and broken with is hills, and Rev. John Atwood, pastors; but the soil is deep and fertile, and produces large crops of corn, wheat, oats and potatoes. Rivers and Ponds. Todd's pond, 500 rods long, and 60 wide, is the largest body of water in town. This pond affords a small branch Presbyterian, Rev. D. C. Frink,, to There are fifteen schools in town, two of which are graded. Average length of schools, for the year, eighteen weeks. Value of school houses, $ 8,050. Hotel and Livery Stable. Columbian Hotel. H. Lynch, livery lies ; ; ; Rev. Jesse M. Colburn, (in 1870), pastor. stable. Persons by of Cochran, Wilson, McNeil, Ferson and First Settlements. the name Caldwell, Smith made the 1733. It first settlement, in was granted, by Massa- chusetts, to inhabitants of Boston, January years, 14, was Boston." It 1736, and, for called " Lane's many New- was incorporated by New -Hampshire, 1763, as February 18, New-Boston. Fifty years ago the town contained 1,686 in- habitants; at present, (1870) 1,241. First Minister. Rev. Solomon Moor, ordained in 1768, died in 1803. Warner River. Sunapee Lake on its western border. Employments. The people are generally engaged in farming. 1, 100,000 feet of lumber is annually sawed. (See tables.) Resources. $ 81,174; soil, $5,000; stocks, and money at in$13,150; stock in trade, $ 6,375; deposits in savings banks, terest, $44,555. Churches and Schools. There is one church of the Freewill Baptist denomination, seventy-four members no pastor, at present. There are eleven schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, fifteen weeks. Hotel. Sunapee Mountain House. This new hotel was opened, for the ; time, in July, 1873. first tensive and delightful was Area, 26,536 acres 1778 ; area of im- view of the surrounding country can be ob- tained. First Organization. Newbury originally called Dantzic. proved land, 15,947 acres. field, Twenty-two miles south from Concord, and nine north from Amherst. Railroads. Railway station, at Parker's, on the Manchester and North Weare Railroad. in Distances. It is sit- uated near the summit of Sunapee mountain. From this house a fine view of Sunapee lake and an ex- North by Weare, and Bedford, south by Mount Vernon and Lyndeborough, and west by Lyndeborough and Francestown. Boundaries. east Dy Goffstown Productions of the mechanical labor, In took the name of Fishersand derived its present name it 1837. It was first settled by Zephaniah Clark, in 1762. North by NewBoundaries. London, east by Sutton, south by Bradford, and west by Goshen and Sunapee. �NEW-CASTLE Distances. — NEW-DURHAM. Thirty miles west by north from Concord. Railroad. Sugar River Railroad passes through the town. New- Castle is situated in Portsmouth harbor, and was formerly called Great Island. It is connected with The Portsmouth by a bridge. town is rocky and but a small part is fit to till. Fort Constitution is located on also a light-house. this Island ; Employments. The soil among the rocks is of good quality and is made to yield abundantly. Fishing pursued with success. About 12,000 pairs of men's and women's 'boots and shoes are annually made. is of years Chief Justice of the Province of New-IIampshire, Secretary born in this town, Dec. 20, 1697, and died, Sept. 22, 1789. First Ministers. Rev. John Emerson, ordained in 1704, dismissed in 1712. Rev. William Shurtleff, settled in 1712, dismissed in 1732. Rev. John Blunt, settled in 1732, died in 1748. Rev. David Robinson, settled in 1748, died in Stephen Rev. gational, Rev. Lucius Alden, pas- pastor ply. ; H. Graves, and Advent, transient supschool district with three One Chase, 1749. settled in died in 1778. Rev. Oliver Noble, settled in 1784, died in 1792. Distances. An Island in Portsmouth harbor, about three miles 1750, from the Eastern Railroad depot, in Portsmouth. Churches, Schools and Library. There are three churches, Congretor; Christian, Rev. J. of the latter City. Hon. for a number Theodore Atkinson, and President of the Council, was NEWCASTLE. Rockingham County. was part 273 NEW DURHAIU. Strafford County. face is uneven, The and a sur- portion The soil is moist and well adapted to grazing. Good crops rocky. average length of schools weeks. There is a town library of 400 volumes. of corn, oats and potatoes are pro- for the year, 26 duced. Summer Resorts. About one hundred summer tourists stay in this town through the warm weath- five ponds, schools er. ; They find entertainment at private residences. veyance runs A public from con- Portsmouth twice a day, distance three miles. Resources. Productions of the soil, $5,160 annually; mechanical labor, fisheries, $20,000; not known deposits in savings bank, $33,523; stock in trade, $14,407; summer tourists, $ 5,000. ; First Settlers. The first settlement of New-Castle, no doubt, commenced about as soon as that of Dover or Portsmouth, but there is no positive date, as it originally Ponds and Rivers. There are the largest of which, Merry Meeting Pond, is about ten miles in circumfei'ence. A never failing stream issues from it and discharges into Merry Meeting Bay in Alton. Ellis River flows from Coldrain Pond into Farmington, and on it are some fine water privileges. The ..Cocheeo River, also, has its source in this town. Mountains. Mount Betty, Cropple-crown, and Straw's Mountains are the principal eminences. On the north-easterly side of Straw's Mountain, is a remarkable cave, the entrance to which is about three feet wide and ten feet high. The outer room is twenty feet �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 274 under present name, Dec. square; the inner apartments become smaller, until, at the distance of fifty feet, they are too small to be investigated. The sides of these ated, rooms are solid granite, and bear marks of having been once united. The south side of Rattlesnake hill is one hundred feet high and near- removed Several other hills in this town contain precipices and cavities, some of con- east by Farmington, and west and south-west by Alton. Area, 23,625 ly perpendicular. siderable extent. is the employment of the people, although there are some manufactories of importance. The Union Powder works annually manufac49,000 gallons of acid, and 250 tons of Excelsior, valued at ture S 10,150. First Minister. Rev. Nathaniel Porter, D. D., ordained in 1773, (See Conway.) North-west by Wolfeborough, and Alton, east by in 1777. Boundaries. Brookfield and Middleton, south- acres. About thirty - five from Concord, and twenty-two north-west from miles north-east Dover. Railroad. Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad passes through the town. NEW-HAITIPTOIV. There are annually sawed 4,000 clapboards; 700,000 shingles, and its 1762. Distances. Employments. Agriculture chief 7, Belknap County. town The sur- broken and is remarkably and timber, valued at $ 22,500. There are several other small manufac- face of this tories in town. crops of grain and grass. 1,500,000 feet of boards 100,000 pairs of shoes are annually made. There in plenty of good water power un- improved. Resources. Annual agricultural productions, $62,233; mechanical S 29,300 deposits in savings banks, § 40,613 money at interest, $ 800 stock in trade, $ 14,000. labor, ; ; ; Summer Tourists. The various this town is uneven, but the soil fertile, and produces excellent Pemigewasset River, Rivers. which washes its western boundary, is the only stream of any note in town. On the west side of a remarkable spring, from which issues a stream It is sufficient to supply mills. never affected by rains or droughts Springs. Kelley's Hill is tourists to visit and empties into the river after running one mile. Elevation. In the south part of is the natural curiosities in have caused some of the summer it. When the town more fully known, no doubt it will become one of their summer resorts. Churches and Schools. There are two churches, Freewill Baptist and Advents, and thirteen schools average length of schools for the year, nine weeks. ; First Settlers. New-Durham was granted to Ebenezer Smith and others, in 1749. It was incorpor- hill, town is a high, conical-shaped which can be seen for quite a distance in almost any direction. The village of NewVillage. Hampton is pleasantly situated among the hills and mountains, from the crests of which a beautitiful and delightful view of the village and the surrounding country can be obtained. There are two churches, a literary institu- �275 NEWINGTON. tion, five or six stores, of various some seventy or eighty kinds, and neat dwellings. Employments.- borough, of which he was one of the principal The people are The proprietors. simple request of General Moulton, and he Governor granted this New-Hampton, honor in largely called there of his native town. This "small" gore of land contained 19,422 acres, a part of which now constitutes engaged in agriculture. But some lumber is sawed, and wheelwrights, are black- smiths, tailors, etc. Resources. Agricultural productions, $ mechanical labor, money at interest, $ 18, $ 137,240 4,000 ; in savings banks, deposits 800; $46,479; ; stock in trade, $6,510; from summer tourists, $ 900. Churches and Schools. Freewill Baptist, Rev. E. H. Prescott, pastor; Calvin Baptist, Rev. D. M. Dearborn, pastor. There are thir- it Center Harbor. Rev. First Ministers. Ward, Jeremy (Baptist,) ordained in 1782, died in 1816; Rev. Salmon Hibbard, ordained in 1800, dismissed in 1816. Boundaries. North by Ashland and Holderness, east by Center Harbor and Meredith, south by Sanbornton and Hill, and west by and Bridgewater. Area, area of improved 19,422 acres; Average teen schools in town. length of schools, for the year, fif- Bristol teen weeks. NewInstitution. Literary Hampton Literary and Biblical Institution, A. B. Meservey, princi- land, 13,750 acres. pal. Railroads. The Montreal Railroad passes through the extreme northern part of the town. Five miles to Bristol station, on the Bristol Branch of the Northern The Portland and RutRailroad. land Railroad will pass through the town, if ever built. Social Libraries. Fraternity, 3,500; Literary Adelphi, 3,000 vol- umes, and Ladies' volumes. Hotel. ue, $ 200 Wankeneto House, val- 3,000. First ton Library, Settlement. was formerly a New-Hamppart of Moul- tonborough Gore, and was called Moultonborough addition. The first settler was Samuel Kelley, who moved General here in 1775. In 1763, Jonathan Moulton, of Hampton, having an 1,400 ox, weighing pounds, fattened for the pur- Hag upon his horns, and drove him to Portsmouth, as a present to Governor Wentworth. The General refused any compensation for the ox, but he would like a charter of a small gore of land he had discovered adjoining the town of Moulton- pose, hoisted a Thirty - five miles Distances. north-west from Concord, and fifteen north-west from Gilford. NEWINGTON. Rockingham County. all Nearly town But and few of the inhabitants in this are engaged in agriculture. few are considered rich, are classed as poor, there being but two persons dependent on the town. The soil, near the water, is rich, and yields good crops of grain and grass ; but certain portions of the town are sandy and unproductive. Schools. There is but one school district in town. school -house was In 1872, a built, brick costing �276 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. NEW-IPS W1CH. $ 5,500. The upper story is to be used as a town hall, and the lower The part for school purposes. schools are considered good, as the people take quite an interest in the future welfare of their children. Indians. In May, 1690, a party of Indians, led by a sagamore, by the name of Hapgood, made an attack on Fox Point, and destroyed several houses, killed fourteen persons and took six prisoners. inhabitants pursued the Indians, and, after a severe action, The some of the captives were recovered, and part of the plunder. The chief, Hapgood, was severely wounded. Annual productions Resources. of the soil, $59,042: deposits in savings banks, $ 17,839 stocks, bonds and money at interest, $7,150. Newington was originally a of Portsmouth and Dover. It was called " Bloody Point," for many years, on account of a bloody fight in 1631, and was settled over two hundred years part Incorporated in July, 1764. Ministers. Rev. Joseph Adams, ordained in 1715, and died in 1783. Rev. Joseph Langdon, ordained in 1788, dismissed in ago. First Hillsborough County. The of a clayey loam, very productive, when properly cultivated. soil is There are many fine farms under a high state of cultivation. Souhegan Rivers and Ponds. River is the principal stream, and affords some valuable waThe first or second ter power. Cotton Manufactory, built in this State, was situated on this river, There are several in this town. brooks in various sections of the town. Pratt's and Hoar's Pond's, contain about fifty acres each. The Village. is village principal in the centre of the town, in a beautiful and fertile valley. Here are several church edifices, several bank, two hotels, Appleton Academy, and forty or fifty dwellThe houses are neat ing houses. and substantial, many of them stores, built in the style so among gentlemen who common lived in the country forty or fifty years ago, with spacious yards and gardens, while others are modern cottages but all betoken a degree of wealth and prosperity, for which the people are distinguished. Summer Resorts. location has justly The pleasant drawn the at- 1810. tention of many tourists who spend a few weeks in the summer Boundaries. North-east by the Piscataqua, east by Portsmouth, The number south by Greenland and Great Bay, and west and north-west by Great and Little Bays. Area, timated at 200. Employments. months in this pleasant town. of visitors of this class, through the summer, is es- Distances. Forty-four miles east south-east from Concord, and five The people are generally engaged in agriculture, but their manufactories are important. A cotton factory belong- west from Portsmouth. Railroads. The Portsmouth and Dover Railroad passes through this town. ing to the Columbian Manufacturing Company, was burned in 1871. Chairs, ciIt has been rebuilt. gars, boxes, bedsteads, harnesses, 5,273 acres. �NEW-LONDON. lumber, machine work, &c, are manufactured, to the value of $ 72, 400 annually. Resources. soil, $ $92,995; money 19,100; 450; Productions of the mechanical labor, in savings deposits $ 85, 128 stock from summer ; at interest, in trade, tourists, $ 12, banks, $ 24,048 $ 6,000 277 and Mason, south by Massachuand west by Rindge. Area, 20,860 acres. Area of improved setts, land, 9,620 acres. Fifty Distances. miles south- west from Concord, and eighteen south-west from Amherst. Railroad. By stage, twice a day, to Greenville station, three miles on the Peterborough and professional business, $ 15,000. distant, CongreChurches and Schools. gational, Rev. T. S. Robie, pastor Methodist, Rev. Jacob F. Spauld- Shirley Railroad. ing, pastor; Baptist, no pastor; There are thirteen schools in town average length, for the year, twenty weeks. New Ipswich Academy was incorporated, June 18, 1789. Appleton Academy is the name of the institution there, at the literary present time. John Herbert is the ry, 1,000 New-Ipswich Libra- volumes. New-Ipswich Savings Bank. Bank. (See tables.) Hotels. Clark's Hotel, and Appleton House. New-IpSettlements. First swich was originally called Ipswich Canada, and was settled prior to 1749, by Reuben Kidder, Archibald White, Joseph and Ebenezer Bullard, Joseph Stephens and eighty others. In 1750 it was granted by the Masonian proprietors, and incorporated September The town sent sixty men 9, 1762. Twenty-six men to Bunker Hill. gave up their lives in the great rebellion of 1861 to 1865. First tional 1750. County. The principal settlements of this town are formed on three large swells The soil is deep and of land. good. In some portions of the town, the land is rocky, but there is very little not capable of There are many fine cultivation. farms which clearly show they are cultivated by practical farmers. Principal. Library. NEW-LONDON. Merrimack Minister. A Congrega- Church was gathered in Rev. Stephen Farrer was ordained in 1760, died in 1809. North by Sharon Boundaries. and Temple, east by Greenville Sunapee Ponds and Streams. Lake separates New-London from the town of Sunapee. Little Sunapee Pond, one and one-half miles in length, and three-fourths of a mile in width, lies in the west part, and empties into Sunapee Near the centre of the Lake. town, are Harvey's and Messer's Ponds, which are the principal Warner River. Pleas- sources of ant Pond, in the north part, is nearly two miles long and one There are some elevations wide. in this section of the town, but they can hardly be considered mountains. The elevated location of the town, together with^its lake and ponds, afford some very delightful and attractive scenery, which has caused many tourists to visit here, through the summer months. One of the most flourishing institutions of learning in the State, is located here. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 278 The Employments. inhabitants are chiefly devoted to agriculture, but the manufactures are considerable. Over 4,500 dozens of scythes are annually manufactur750,000 ed, valued at $45,000. shingles, and 10,000 clapboards, &c, 150,000 feet of boards, are an- nually sawed; also, 8,000 bushels grain ground, and $24,000 worth of Agricultural pro- mechanical ductions, $ 78,678 bor.$ 20,300; stocks, la- &c, $9,200; money at interest, $ 46,990; deposin savings banks, its $30,488; stock in trade, $ 30,000 from summer tourists, $3,000; professional ; $ 10,000. Churches and Schools. Baptist, Christian Union, Rev. Lewis Phillips, pastor. There are public It is one of the largest literary institutions in the State. The school property is valued one hundred thousand dollars, besides an endowment of fifteen thousand dollars. There is a library connected with the at about containing 1,500 vol- umes. Seaman's House. First Settlements. was NEWMARKET. originally market New- a small township, but the soil is good, well cultivated, and produces excellent crops, which are readily sold in the vilis lage at fair prices. Rivers. Piscassick River passes through this town in a northerly direction. Lamprey River washes are located the cotton mills of the The twenty-four weeks. New-London Literary and Scientific Institution was incorporated Hotel. and Claremont Railroad. town. in year, institution, Thirty miles north schools, for the schools Average length of in 1854. Distances. north-eastern boundary and meets the tide water at Lamprey River village, over falls of more than twenty feet. At these falls ; seven land. of west from Concord. Railroad. Daily stage to Potter Place station, on the northern Railroad. Also daily stage to Bradford station, on the Concord Rockingham County. (See tables.) Resources. business, Area of improved 11,100 acres. and curried. tanned leather Lake. New-London called Dantzick, and was incorporated January 25, 1779. James Lamb and Nathaniel Merrill were the first settlers. First Church. A Baptist Church was formed October 23, 1788. Boundaries. North and east by Wilmot, south by Sutton and Newbury, and west by Sunapee its Newmarket Manufacturing Company. Below the falls, the water, at high tide, is of sufficient depth for vessels of one hundred and Coal, twenty tons to navigate. salt, and other heavy merchandise are frequently freighted up the Piscataqua, to Newmarket village. This village is the seat of considerable trade and manufacturing. There are three church edifices, two school houses, three hotels, town house, two banks, thirty-five, stores, various professional offices, four cotton mills, and various other manufactories. Manufacturing Employments. and mercantile trade are the principal employments of the inhabitants. 7,500,000 yards cotton cloth, and 24,000 pairs of boots and shoes are annually manufactured. The manufacture of sale clothing is an �NEWPORT. important branch of business. total value of goods annually manufactured, is $889,000. It is the centre of trade for the surrounding towns. Those engaged in agriculture find it remunera- The tive employment. Resources. soil, $64,519; $177,000; money its Productions of the mechanical labor, &c, $24,500; stocks, at interest, $22,100; depos- savings in banks, $89,894; stock in trade, $138,375; profes- sional business, etc., $75,000. Churches and Schools. Freewill Baptist, Rev. DeWitt C. Durgin, pastor Congregational, Rev. Isaac C. White, pastor; Methodist Episcopal, Rev. A. H. Wilkins, pastor. Total number of members, 465. Value of church ; 279 ed for her excellent qualities, and very much esteemed by all who knew her. She died here in 1819. Rev. Jobn First Ministers. Moody, Congregational, ordained in 1730, died in 1778. Rev. Nathaniel Ewers, settled in 1795, died in 1832. North by Lee and Boundaries. Durham, east by Great Bay, south by South Newmarket, and west Area of improved by Epping. land, 4,844 acres. Thirty-eight miles Distances. south of east from Concord, and eight nortb from Exeter. Railroads Boston and Maine Railroad passes through this town. NEWPORT. This is the shire town of Owing Sulli- There are two school districts and four schools in town. Average length of van county. schools for the year, twenty-four with the business character of its inhabitants, Newport has become one of the most important and enterprising towns in the western section of the State. For a number of years it has not kept pace in the march of improvement with other towns in the State, inferior property, $32,000. weeks. Total amount annually appropriated for school purposes, $2,736. Library. Newmarket Library Association. Washington Hotels. Newmarket Hotel, House, Railroad House. to its central water power, location, its valuable and railroad facilities, together originally a part of Exeter, in natural resources, for the lack of railroad facilities but that obstacle has been removed by the com- and was separated and incorporat- pletion of the Sugar River Rail- First Settlements. was ed December portion of 15, its Newmarket 1727. territory A large was de- tached, and the township of South Newmarket formed June 27, 1849. Mrs. Fanny Shute, when thirteen months old, was taken by a party of Indians, carried to Canada, and sold to the French. She was educated in a nunnery, and, after re- maining thirteen years in captivity, was redeemed and restored to her friends. Mrs. Shute was not- ; road, to this town, in and November, Claremont, in the fall Since the first date, busof 1872. iness, in every department, has made rapid strides, and improvements are seen on every hand. The surface of the town is generally uneven, frequently broken by considerable elevations; but on the borders of the Sugar River and its branches are large tracts 1871, of to interval land, yielding good �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 280 crops of corn, grass, &c. The soil on the uplands is strong and when properly tilled, produces excellent There are many valuable farms in this town, under high crops. The apple producmore valuable than in any other town in the county. Some of the finest maple sugar orchards cultivation. tions are may be found in this Forty thousand pounds of maple sugar are annually manuin the State, town. main street is more than a mile in length, crossing the river over a handsome bridge nearly in the of the village. On this street are located four elegant church edifices, the court and town house, jail and county buildings, three school-houses, two large hotels, two banks, the Argus and Spectator office, seven lawyers', three insurance, and six physi- centre cians' and factured. tween thirty Sugar River, the outSunapee Lake, together with the North and South branches, are shops for trade, of various kinds, and over one hundred dwelling houses. There are many other pleasant streets, with well built residences on them. The manufactories are valuable, being Rivers. let of the principal Near the streams in town. the Sugar rewaters of the South village, ceives the branch, which has its source in Lempster, Unity and Goshen thence flowing north about two miles, it meets the waters of the North branch, coming from Springfield, Grantham and Croydon, nearly in an opposite direction, whence it passes west through Claremont into the Connecticut. At the outlet of Sunapee Lake, there is a stone dam, with gates ar- ranged for drawing from the sur- face of the lake ten feet of water. The full capacity of this valuable reservoir has never been tested. Mountains. Bald, Coit, Blueberry ledge, and East mountains, are the principal elevations in situated on never offices, be- forty stores and dentists' and water power which The in a dry time. fails woolen manufactories annually produce 1,600,000 yards of flanThe nel, valued at $408,000. amount paid for labor, by these mills, is over $ 60,000. 18,000 sides of leather and 16,000 lbs. splits are annually produced, valued at $77, there is annually ground 19, bushels of grain, valued at $ 33,000. There are lumber mills, carpenter shops, and various other kinds of mechanical shops, com200 000 ; mon to a New-England village. The court house and town hall building was erected in the fall of and the spring and summer at an expense of over $40,000, and is one of the fin1872, town. From the summit of these mountains a fine view is presented of the surrounding country. Villages. On Sugar River, about six miles from Sunapee Lake, is located the thriving village of Newport. It is considered one of the pleasantest and most of enterprising villages in the State, buildings are large and substantial structures. Richards' building both in manufacturing and as a centre of mercantile trade. The est 1873, edifices State. The of the kind in hotels are new, the com- modious, and pleasantly located. The books number of over^ 12,000. is of the hotels show the arrivals last year to be Some one of the of the business finest mercantile �NEWPORT. blocks in the county. In the north part of the village is a beautiful common, shaded with the maple, and capacious enough to parade a regiment on. On either side of this common stand some of the finest residences in the village, adorned with yards and gardens. The future prospects of the inhabitants of this town are very flattering and ; their fond anticipations of seeing a large village, double its present may be fully realized within the next ten years. About two miles north-west from the principal village is the small, busy, manufacturing village of Northville. Here are annually made, 1,600 dozens of scythes, valued at $ 17,000 500 dozens of rakes; size, ; 13,000 butter tubs sides, there are 5,000 pails ; lumber ; mills, be- and Summer Resorts. But few local- the State offer better in- ducements to summer The than Newport. tourists fine roads, pleasant drives, and delightful views from the crests of its many hills, render it very attractive to lovers of country ural scenery in A pleasant ride homes and nat- its varied forms. of six miles brings you to the romantic shores of Sunapee Lake. This lake is about nine miles in length, and from one half to two miles in width. Three miles south of NeAvport village, is Unity Springs, which has become quite noted for its medical qualities. Its waters are highly charged with salts of iron, and possess Here is a fine tonic properties. hotel to accommodate The views from this house, of Sunapee Lake and the surrounding country, are some of the finest in the State. This house is becoming a popular summer resort. The number of tourists who spend their summer vacation in Newport and vicinity, is estimated at over five hundred. Employments. The employment of the inhabitants is nearly equally divided between agriculture on the one side, and mechanical, mercantile, and official business on the other, with the preponderance in favor of the latter. The capital invested for manufacturing purposes is over $ 375,000 the annual value of manufactured pro; ductions, $619,100. Annual value of agme- Resources. ricultural products, $ 148, 156 chanical labor, $117,700; other small manufactories. ities in 281 invalids and lovers of recreation. A ride on the cars, or by carriage, of six miles, carries you to the " Sunapee Mountain House" in Newbury. sional services, $ 105,000; &c, $64,800; money $ 41,724 ; professtocks, at interest, deposits in savings banks, $118,282; stock in trade, $105, from summer tourists, $ 15, 975 ; ; 000. Churches and Schools. The Con- gregational, Rev. G. W. R. Scott, pastor number of members, 248 ; church valuation, $ 50,000. Methodist, Rev. E. R. Wilkins, pastor; members, 230 valuation, $ 13,000. Baptist, Rev. H. C. Leavitt, pas; tor; members, 189; Christian There are eighteen school districts, and six- church at Northville. teen schools; average length for the year, twenty weeks; average amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 2,334. 50. It is intended to build a large school house(with all the modern improvements), in the village, the coming season, (1874.) Banks. There are two banks in �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. town, —the and National, First Newport Savings banks. Libraries. Newport Social brary, 400 volumes ; Li- Hon. Edmund Burke's private library, 6,000 volumes; besides several other private libraries with over 1,000 vol- umes each. Hotels. Newport House, and Phenix Hotel. First Settlers. Ezra Parmelee, then about twenty-one years of age, in company with Dea. Jesse Wilcox, and his two sons, Jesse and Phineas Samuel Hurd and Jesse Kelsey, came, early in the month of June, 1766 occupied the lands to which they were entitled, built their camps, and commenced the actual settlement of the town. These men were from old Kilingworth, Connecticut. Some years later, John McGregory, (fath- — — John McGregory, M. Joel McGregory, and Deacon er of the late B.,) Daniel Chapin, made a settlement in the north-western section of the town. Joel McGregory died a few years since, aged one hundred and one years. A son of his is now living in town, between eighty and ninety years of age. Newport has been the birthplace and residence many prominent men and women of this country, Mrs. Sarah J. Hale, was a native of this town. The town was incorporated Ocof tober 6, 1761. Hon. Benjamin and highly Giles, long a resident, respected, built the first grist- Captain Ezra Parmelee settled on the Unity road about one mile south of the village, and built his barn soon after coming to Newport. This barn is now (1873,) standing and in good repair. It is safe to say that it has been built, and been in use, mill, in 1768. over one hundred years. The covering boards are fastened to the timbers with strong wooden pins, which clearly shows the scarcity of nails in those early days of the settlement. A few rods from the barn, stands an apple tree, which is quite as old. Captain Parmelee brought it from Connecticut, over one hundred years ago. First Ministers. Rev. John Remelee, ordained in 1783, dismissed in 1791 Rev. Abijah Wines, settled in 1785, dismissed in 1816. Congregational and Baptist churches were established in ; 1779. North by Croydon, by Sunapee and Goshen, west by Claremont, and south by Goshen and Unity. Ai-ea, 25,267 acres improved land, 18,533 acres. Boundaries. east Distances. Forty miles north of west from Concord, and about thirty-five miles north from Keene. Railroad. Concord and Claremont Railroad passes through the town in an easterly and westerly direction. NEWTON. Rockingham County. New- a small township bordering on Massachusetts. The surface is broken but the soil is deep and fertile, and yields good crops of grain and grass. The farmers find a ready sale for their produce at Haverhill, Massachusetts. Nearly one third of Country Pond lies in this town, and it is the only body of water, of note. The employEmployments. ment of the inhabitants is about equally divided between farming ton is and mechanical labor. 1,000,000 of boards &c, and 180,000 shingles, are annually sawed and feet ; �NORTHFIELD. 120,000 pairs of shoes are made. Productions of the mechanical labor, soil, $ 38,259 $30,000; money at interest, $3, 400; deposits in savings banks,* Resources. ; $ 3,174; stock in trade, $ 11,827. 283 of land for agriculture, lies on two ridges extending nearly through The soil is of good producing excellent crops of corn, oats and grass. There are many fine farms, under a high the town. quality, Baptist Churches and Schools. church, Rev. B. H. Lane, pastor; Christian, Rev. Nathaniel Day, state of cultivation. There are six schools in town average length, for the year, town, and flows into the Winnipiseogee, three miles from the junction with the Pemigewasset. Sondogardy Pond discharges its waters Winnipisinto the Merrimack. eogee River waters its western bor- pastor. ; twenty weeks. Traveller's Hotels Home, and Depot House. Rev. John Minister. First Eames, in 1791. A Baptist Society was formed here in 1755, and it is the oldest religious society, of that denomination in the State. A Congregational Church was organized about 1759. First Settlements. Joseph Bartlett and others town in 1720. first settled in this Twelve years presettlement he was vious to his taken captive by the Indians at Haverhill, and conveyed to Canada where he remained four years. North by KingsBoundaries. by east ton, Hampton, South Mass. and Area, 5,250 south by Amesbury, west by Plaistow. acres, Forty miles southand twentyeight south-west from Portsmouth. Railroads. Boston and Maine, Distances. east from Concord, from Tilton. The town formerly possessed some fine water power, on this river, near junction with the Pemigewassett, but this portion of its territory is now embraced within the limits of Franklin. It still holds some good power at the village of Tilton. Village. A portion of what is called the village of Tilton, on the south side of the river, lies in this town. On the Northfield side are two woolen mills, annually manufacturing respectively 210,000 and 66,000 yards of repellants, valued at $ 276,000 besides lumber mills, its wheel-wright shop etc. There is a large graded school building and over fifty dwelling houses. For full particulars of the village, see Tilton. Employments. A majority of the inhabitants are engaged in ag- pass through riculture, but the manufactories are valuable, with fair encourage- ment NORTHFIELD. Merrimack County. The face of this town hills. their The surplus sur- uneven, being is * Depositors in Savings to place it part of the Newton town. broken by and separates der, Chestnut Rivers. lies in the east and Amesbury and Branch Railroads this and Ponds Pond best section Banks are induced earnings in chusetts Savings Institutions. Massa- that they will be enlarged within a few years. Productions of the Resources. $95,311; mechanical labor, $ 46,500 stocks and money at indeposits in savings terest, $ 9,648 soil, ; ; banks, $50,911; $ 6,425. stock in trade, . �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 284 Churches and Schools, The churches are on the Tilton side of the village. There are nine schools in town, two of which are graded average length, for the year, fourteen weeks. First Settlers. Benjamin Blanchard and others first settled here in 1760. It was originally a part of Canterbury, and was incorporated June, 1780, under its present ; name. Boundaries. North by Tilton and Belmont, east by Belmont, south by Canterbury, and west by Franklin and Boscawen. Area, about 17,000 acres improved land, ; 9,638 acres. Seventeen miles north from Concord, by the Boston, Concord, and Montreal RailDistances. road. become a popular resort for tourof the farmers make it a special business to keep city boarders through the summer Many ists. months, and, in connection with farms, find it a lucrative their business. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants. 750,000 shingles and 350,000 feet of boards are annually sawed, also 60,000 pairs of shoes, are annually made. Resources. Productions of the soil, $76,224; mechanical labor, $ 20,500 stocks and money at in; terest, $9,700; deposits in bank, $ 46,803 $1,125; from $ ; stock savings in summer trade, tourists, 15,000. Churches and Schools. CongreChurch, Rev. T. V. Haines pastor; Baptist Church, There are three schools in town. Average length for the year, thirty-one weeks. Library. North-Hampton Social Library, 250 volumes. First Settlements. This town formerly constituted the parish gational NORTH HAMPTON. . Rockingham County. town has an even surface, This and its has been made very productive by means of the large quantities of seaweed which the farmers spread on the ground as a fertilizer. In proportion to the number of acres soil under improvement, no town in the county, exceeds it in its value of agricultural productions. Rivers. Little River is the principal stream it has its source in the north part of the town. Meandering through it in a south-easterly direction for a couple of miles, it empties into the Ocean, between Great and Little Boar's head. Winnecut River rises near the centre of the town and flows north west into Great Bay. These rivers ; afford some water Summer privileges. Part of the eastern border is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the town has Resorts. called The North Hill in Hampton. settlement dates back to a very early period in the history of this State, and the early settlers first were much exposed ties of the were erected to the hostili Indians. to Garrison which the inhabi tants resorted in times of danger. In several persons were Incorporated November 1742. (For first settlers see 1677 killed. 26, Hampton.) First Ministers. Rev. Nathaniel Gookin (Congregational) ordained in 1731, died in 1766. Rev. Joseph Hastings moved in ordained in 1767, re1774; Rev. David Mc Clure D. D., settled in 1776, dis- �NORTHUMBERLAND. missed in 1784. Rev. Benjamin Thurston settled in 1785, dismissed in 1800. The first Congregational Meeting house was erected in 1738. acres. Distances. Forty-seven miles south east by east from Concord and nine south by west from Portsmouth by Eastern Railroad. Eastern Railroad Railroad. passes through this town. is employment of the the principal inhabitants but manufacturing is an important branch of business. At Northumberland Falls, there are starch, straw-board and shoe peg mills, annually manufacturing 40 tons starch, 175 tons straw board, and 20,000 bushels shoe pegs. At Groveton there are Coos County. Connecticut, in this town, the was of butternut wood. The soil is from stone and gravel, and is easily cultivated. A large portion of the upland is good for pasturing and tillage. There are several good farms, producing excellent and barley. ued at total $ 102,000 ; meal, $ 3,500 be; But one other town in the county raises as many bushels of corn. Rivers. Connecticut River washes the western border, and it is watered by the Upper Ammonoosuc River, which passes through the town in a south-westerly direc- carpenters, value of manufactured in goods, town, &c. The annually is $208,600; Rail- At Groveton, the Montreal growth free corn, oats 7,000,000 feet of long timber, val- painters, The land on originally covered with a manufactories, annually producing leather, $70,000; 100,000 clapboards, 1,000,000 shingles, and sides blacksmiths, harness makers, NORTHUMBERLAND. road forms a junction with the Grand Trunk Railroad. In this village there is a post office, tele- graph and express office, one lawyer, one physician, church edifice, large graded school house, five stores, of all kinds, one hotel and one eating house. Resources. Productions of the soil, $72,544; mechanical labor, $39,800; money at interest, $5, deposits in savings banks, $ 1, 050 ; 072; stock in trade, $20,260. Church and ScJwols. Methodist, Groveton) Rev. G. C. Noyes, pastor. There are ten schools in town, two of which are graded. (at tion. Near the centre of an abrupt and rugged elevation, called Cape Horn, of an Elevation. town is altitude of nearly 1,000 feet. The scenery around this mountain is wild and beautiful. Its north base is separated from the Connecticut by a narrow plain, and its eastern washed by the Upper AmThe spring freshets monoosuc. usually overflow the meadows, at side and give them the ap pearance of a large lake. Employments. Agriculture ; Boundaries. North by Greenland, east by Rye and Atlantic Ocean, south by Hampton Falls and Hampton and west by Stratham. Area of improved land 5,363 the this point, 285 is Average length of schools, for the year, thirteen weeks. Hotels. Rogers House; at Ammonoosuc House. Settlement. Thomas Burn- Groveton, First side and Daniel Spaulding, togeth- er with their families, the in commenced settlement in this town, 1767. North of Cape Horn first �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 286 Mountains and Hills. Saddleback Mountain, between Deerfield and Northwood, has an altitude of one thousand feet above the mountain, and near the river, are the remains of a fort, built during the war of the Revolution. It was placed under the command of Captain Jeremiah Eames, afterwards well known for his usefulness, wit and social disposition. The town was incorporated November 16, 1779. Boundaries. North by Stratford, east by Stark, south by Lancaster, and west by Vermont. Area of improved land, 6,555 acres. Distances. By railroad, one hundred and forty-five miles north from Concord, and eight northeast from Lancaster. Railroads. Grand Trunk, and Montreal Extension Railroads. the east side of this mountain are found and crystals crystaline spars, of various colors. Plumbago of superior quality is Brown's or Richardson's Hill, between Jenness and Long ponds, has an abrupt elevation of three hundred feet above also found. The summit the latter pond. is covered with 'an open growth of oaks, affording a fine place, in mer, for picnic parties. sum- From the top of Fogg's Hill, eight ponds can be seen. The main street in Northwood, passes over what is called Clark's Hill, the highest cul- NORXHWOOD, Rockingham On ocean. tivated elevation, in Rockingham is county, from the top of which can be seen the ocean, and also nearly the whole basin of the country, at passes a glance. County. For beautiful and varied scenery, there no town in the State, that surNorthwood, south of the Her White Mountain Range. mountains and hills, and her sparking lakelets or ponds, lend Agricultural. wood The soil of North- moist, and has been considered better adapted for grazing, en- chantment to her many views. Ponds. There are seven ponds in this town viz. Suncook, Jenness, Long, Little Bow, Harvey, Durgin and Knowlton, or Demerritt Ponds, besides a part of Bow Lake and Pleasant Pond, and all covering an area of over fourteen hun- is than any other branch of agriculture; but there are only three towns in the county that raise as many bushels of corn, and but one as many bushels of wheat. Agriculture is neglected, owing to a large portion of the people being engaged in shoe business; but when the soil is properly cultivat- ; dred acres. Rivers. The north branch of Lamprey River has its source in ed, town, at the eastern base of Saddleback mountain. The main branch of Suncook River has its rise in Jenness, Long, Little Bow, Durgin, Harvey and Suncook Ponds, draining nearly one half of the area of the town, (8,500 acres,) and furnishing nearly all of the water power. position of Northwood, it yields excellent crops. Summer this Resorts. The elevated command- an extensive and delightful view of the surrounding country, ing has caused many summer tourists to spend their vacation here, and it is becoming a popular resort for all lovers of mountains, lakes, and The hills. ' and all Gulf, the ponds Brown's Hill, are pleasant, �NORTHWOOD. and interesting 287 localities for tour- State. It still retains its high reputation in that respect, in the Har- There is one Manufactories. large shoe factory in the east part vey House, kept by the accommo- ists to visit. $715,000, dating landlord, E. C. Brown, Esq. is a daily stage to Epsom depot, on the Suncook Valley Railroad, distance, six miles; also a stage three times a week to Newmarket, on the Boston and Maine Railroad, distance, eighteen miles. First Settlements. This town was originally the extreme northern section of Nottingham, and some of the inhabitants, in the win- men ter, of the town, employing over one hundred men and women, and manufacturing annually, over 152, 000 pairs of women's boots and, shoes, valued at $ 215,000. There is paid for labor annually, $ 55,000. The whole number of shoes manuannually, in factured, nearly 550,000 pairs, town, is valued at and giving the work$ 135, 000 per annum. for their labor over of the soil, productions Total Resources. $74,188; mechanical stocks and mon- labor, $ ey at interest, 140,300 ; $33,900; deposits in savings banks, $51,115; in trade, $21,170; $ tourists, iness, $ 1,500 ; stock from summer professional bus- 10,000. Churches and Schools. CongreRev. E. C. Cogswell, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. L. P. Bickford, pastor; Baptist, Rev. A. A. Chase, pastor. There are nine schools in town, two of which are graded; average length, for the year, twenty-one weeks total amount annually appropriated gational, ; ; for school purposes, Literary $ 1,405. Institutions. wood Academy, North- E. C. Cogswell, (See Literary Institutions.) Libraries. Northwood Social volumes; North- 1,000 wood Academy Library, 500 vol- umes; Rev. E. C. Cogswell's private library, 1,200 volumes. Hotels. The traveling public have long appreciated the good hotels in Northwood being excelled by no country town in the ; would visit this locality for lumbering, and they called " north woods." Hence the when incorporated. The it the name first set- tlement was commenced, March, 25, 1763, by Moses Godfrey, John and Increase Batchelder, and Solomon Bickford. Colonel Samuel Johnson came, a few years after, and the first night he was in town he slept between two large stones covered over by a quilt or canvass. Within a few feet of where he rested the first night, his bones are now taking their last rest. It was incorporated Feb. 6, 1773. September 6, 1873, the people celebrated the one hundredth anniversary of the town organization of their town, and gave a general invita- Principal. Northwood Seminary, William H. Cotton, Principal. Library, There tion to the sons had and daughtei's, who native town, to join them in the festivities of the occasion. Over two thousand persons met on the day appointed, and the greetings of old friends and neighleft their who had not met for half a were frequent, and the enjoyment such as few partici- bors, century, pate in in a life time. Within thirty years there have been fourteen violent deaths in town. Ten were drowned, two were thrown from a carCasualties. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 288 one killed in a saw mill and one, a girl thirteen years of age, and broken with hills, but the soil is deep and fertile, and produces most fine crops of wheat, corn, barley, potatoes, &c. There are many riage, murdered by her whose name was Evans, in October, 1872. Three other men left town temporarily, and never returned. One was thrown from brutally uncle, a carriage, one killed on the railroad, and the other drowned. and Ministers. First Churches The Baptist Church was organized in 1779, and the Rev. Edmund Pillsbury ordained the same year, as its pastor. The Congregational Church was formed in 1781. Rev. Josiah Prentice was ordained in 1799. He was pastor over forty years. Boundaries. Strafford, North-east by south-east by Notting- ham, south, and south-west by Deerfield, and north-west by Epsom and Pittsfield. Area, 17,075; acres area of improved land, 10, ; 389 acres. Distances. Eighteen nules east from Concord, twenty-six northwest from Exeter, and about twenty miles west from Dover. The natural reRailroads. sources and growing business, of this town, demand a railroad, and if the projected Concord and Dover Railroad is built, it will pass through it. But three towns in the county do as much manufacturing as Northwood, and there are but two towns whose freight would be as valuable for any raih-oad, it being a longer distance to market. The largest unbroken tract of woodland in the county, is in this town, and con- tains between two and three thou- sand acres. NOTTINGHAM. Rockingham The County. surface of Nottingham is uneven fine farms under a high state of cultivation. Rivers and Ponds. » Little River the principal stream in town, is and affords some very good water power. Several small streams have their source in this town, and North River passes through it. There are several ponds, the largest of which is Pawtuckaway. Mountains. Pawtuckaway Mountain the principal elevation in is on the line between Nottingham and Deerfield, and town. It lies consists of three distinct peaks, abruptly, rising and designat- Upper, Middle, and Lower Mountains. These mountains were once the haunts of the deer, panther, and wildcat. Minerals Bog iron ore and white granular quartz are found. Nottingham Square is Village. a pleasant village, situated on an elevated site, about 450 feet above ed the as the sea level, and affords a fine view of the surrounding country. At one time it was the seat of considerable trade, and still retains its delightful views. Employments. the principal Agriculture is employment of the 96,000 pairs of shoes are people. annually manufactured. 70,000 clapboards, 800,000 shingles, and 23,00,000 feet of boards, &c, are sawed annually. Productions of the $72,147; mechanical labor, $26,700; stocks and money at indeposits in savterest, $ 22,550 Resources. soil, ; ings banks, trade, $ ists, $ 40,785 1,500. $22,510; ; stock in from summer tour- �ODELL — ORANGE. Union Churches and Schools. Church, Rev. Hosea Quirnby, pas- 289 mer, south by Stark, and west by Stark, Stratford, and Columbia. There are thirteen schools Average length of tor. ORANGE. town. in schools, the for year, Hotel. First was The Grafton County. eighteen sur- face is uneven, being situated weeks. Rockingham House. Nottingham Settlements. settled by Capt. Joseph Cilley and others, in 1727. A tribe of Indians had their rendezvous, at one time, on the shores of a pond in Northwood, near the line of this town, but no serious depredations were ever committed by them on the inhabitants of Nottingham. Incorporated May First Ministers. 10, 1722. Rev. Stephen Emery, Congregational, ordained in 1742, dismissed in 1749. Benjamin Butler, Rev. settled in 1758, left in 1770. Boundaries and Area. North- and Lee, south by Epping and Raymond, and west by Deerfield and Northwood. Area 25,800 acres. Area improved east by Barrington land, 11,473 acres. on of land between the the height Connecticut and Merrimack RivThe soil, in many parts of ers. the town, is good, and fine crops are produced. Tha Ponds. and Streams streams are small, but some' of them afford a few mill privileges, which are improved. There is a small pond in the south-east part of the town, from which is taken a species of paint, resembling Chalk and magSpruce yellow. nesia have been found near this Yellow Ochre, of a qualipond. ty superior to that imported, is found in various localities. Cardigan Mountain Mountain. lies in the eastern town, and is part of the of considerable ele- vation. The principal Employments. employment of the people is agri- Twenty-five miles south-east from Concord, fourteen miles north-west from Exeter, and twenty west from Ports- 000 shingles, and 450,000 feet of dimension timber are annually mouth. produced. Distances. By stage, three times Newmarket station, ten culture. Railroad. 25,000 Resources. clapboards, 250, Productions of the a week, to miles, on Boston and Maine Rail- $ road. deposits in savings banks, $3,139; 1,300; money mechanical labor, at interest, $5,500; from sum$ 1,000. Churches and Schools. Freewill Baptist, Rev. J. C. Waldron, pasThere are seven schools. tor. Average length of schools, for the year, seventeen weeks. Orange was First Settlements. granted February 6, 1769, under mer In 1860, this Coos County. town had one white inhabitant, but in 1870, the person had died or moved away. The town is rocky, rough, and mountainous. A large branch of the Androscoggin has its rise here. It is bounded, north by Columbia and Dix- by Millsfield and $26,306; stock in trade, $2,350 ODELL. ville, east soil, Dum- the name ; tourists, Fellows, of Cardigan, to Isaac and others. The first �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 290 settlement was made in 1773, by Silas Harris, Benjamin Shaw, David Eames, Col. Elisha Bayne, and Capt. Joseph Kenney. Incor- porated July 18, 1781. Boundaries. North by Dorchester, Groton, and Hebron, east by Hebron and Alexandria, south by west by Canaan. and Grafton, Area acres. 16,000 Improved land, 5,624 acres. . Distances. Sixteen miles east Dartmouth College, ten south-west from Plymouth, and forty north-west from Concord. Railroad. The Northern Rail- road passes through the southwest corner of the town. East Canaan depot, four miles distant, the people take the is where cars. OK FORD. Grafton County. Orford is one of the seven best farming towns in the State, in respect of value of agricultural productions, and ranks as the third town in the county. It is situated on the Connecticut which, through this town, furnishes broad intervals, well and producing excellent crops of corn, oats, and hay. uplands and hills The afford fine pas- turing and tillage lands. But one other town in the State produces as many bushels of wheat. There are but few if any farming towns on the Connecticut that equal Orford in its fine scenery of and river views. As you stand on many of the farm hills which are cultivated to their summits, you have a view of the hills, and beautiful valleys around you dotted with fine farm houses, and well filled barns, and a little farther you have an indismountain, hill, view of the villages nestling ring of the village school bell, all denote that religion, education, and liberal principles harmoni- ously dwell within; while still a little farther, flows the winding clothed on either with broad intervals now burdened with the rewards of the Connecticut, side Troin tilled tinct beneath the shades of the stately elm, while the church sprre, peering through their tops, and the vales, husbandman's toil, and still beyond all this, are the green, cultivated hills of Vermont, and at their base can be seen the puffing locomotive, and the luxurious cars, freighted with precious lives as they glide through the vale. and Mountains. While the Connecticut River washes the western border of the Rivers, Ponds, town, Orford Mill River passes nearly through the centre and furnishes some good water power. There are four or five ponds Baker's Upper Pond, lies within three or four miles of the Connecticut and discharges its waters into another pond, lying partly in Wentworth, .and the waters of both flow into Baker's River. Indian Pond, lies about one mile west from Baker's Upper Pond. There are two conof considerable size. siderable elevations called Mount Cuba, and Mount Sunday, lying near the centre of the town, Mount Cuba, extending east into Wentworth. Minerals. On the west side of Cuba Mountain there are several beds of limestone, which is granucrumble in burnSpecimens of quartz contain- lar but does not ing. ing acicular crystals of oxide of titanium are also found here. Near Sunday Mountain, is a bed of tal- �291 ORFORD. cose slate which answers well for soap stone. There are many other mineral crystals found in various sections of the town. Villages. Orford village is situated on the upper banks of the Connecticut and on the border of the intervals and is one of the handsomest and most quiet villages in the State. Here are two church edifices, large school house, academy, five or six stores, of various kinds, one hotel, two lawyers, two physicians, one dentist, and several small manufactories and mechanical shops. The main street is broad, and beautifully shaded, while the dwelling houses have a neat appearance and are adorned with spacious yards, and beautiful gardens. Orfordville is situated about two miles above the principal village, and contains two chair factories, lumber mill, and several other small shops. Here are also one church edifice, school house, store, post office and several fine dwelling houses. It is a pleasant village and a desirable place to live in. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in farming but the manufactures are important. 3,900 bushels of wheat, 12, 000 bushels corn, 20,000 bushels oats and barley, 41,000 bushels potatoes, 41,000 pounds of butter and 4,700 tons of hay are annually produced. There are annually man- ufactured 360,000 shingles, 1,480, 000 feet boards and dimension timber, 12,000 bushels meal and floux-, 50 tons starch, and there are two chair factories, a harness shop, blacksmith shops, wheelwright, tin ware, and shoe shops, also carpenters, painters, tailors, and various other mechanical business. The annual value of mechanical productions is $ 68,400. Annual production Resources. of the soil $204,200 mechanical labor $ 17,700 stocks and money at interest $ 62,243 deposits in savings banks, $ 6,727 ; stock in trade, $39,500; from summer $ 2,000 $ 10,000. professional ; tourists business Churches and ScJwols. CongreFrank B. Knowlton, gational, Rev. Universalist, pastor; At ; Congregational, Orfordville, Rev. N. F. Carter, pastor. There are fourteen schools in town. Average length of schools, for the twenty-two weeks. Total amount annually appropriated for year, school purposes $ 2,229.21. Orford Literary Institution. Academy, Nathan E. Stark, principal, in 1870. Orford House. Orford was granted to Jonathan Moulton, and Hotel. Settlement. First 1761. GenJohn Mann, a Mr. Caswell, and one Cross, others September 25, eral Esq., Israel Morey, commenced the first settlement in June, 1765. Rev. Oliver First Ministers. Noble, (Congregational) ordained in 1771; dismissed in 1777; Rev. John Sawyer, settled in 1787 left Rev. Sylvester Dana in 1795 ; ; settled in 1807 ; left in 1822. Boundaries. North by Piermont, east by Wentworth, south by Lyme, and west by Fairlee, Vermont. Area 27,000 acres area of improved land 16,315 acres. miles Sixty-two Distances. northwest from Concord and twelve south from Haverhill. By cars it is eighty four miles to Con; cord. Railroad. One mile to Fairlee, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 292 Vt., station, on the Passumpsic have induced many to OSSIPEE. Countt. Ossipee is town of the county. The west and south parts of the town are hilly and mountainous, while the north-eastern portion is moderately uneven or nearly level. The mountainous district affords Carroi.t, the shire The soil is excellent pasturage. deep, and, when properly tilled, produces fine crops of wheat, corn, oats tourists, and New-Hampshire scenery spend their summers in this lovers of railroad. and potatoes. Lakes, Rivers and Ponds. Ossipee Lake, a beautiful sheet of water, lies partly in this town. It is about eight miles long and seven wide, and is quite as remarkable on account of its entire destitution of islands, and the bright, silvery belt which surrounds it, as is famous for numerous islands. This lake is shallow, and has many small Ossipee River is bays and inlets. Pine and Bear Camp its outlet. the Winnipiseogee its Rivers discharge their waters into Ossipee Lake, and ai'e the principal streams in town. There are several ponds, of which Bear Pond, in the south-east part, is noted for not having any visible outlet. Ossipee and Green Motmtains. mountains are the principal eleva- pleasant town, and enjoy the many attractions which nature has so lavishly bestowed upon it. From nearly as the valleys or plains fine a home-view can be obtain- ed as in any town in the State. Ai'ound you are fine farms, where waves the growing grass or grain, and rustle the leaves of the green corn, fanned by the mountain air. On the hill-side can be seen flocks and herds, grazing on its gentle knolls, or quietly reposing within shade of the gorgeous oak or maple. At the foot of the hills, nestle the waters of the beautiful the. Ossipee, or meander the spark- To the mountain streams. south-east is Green Mountain, with its icy fetters glistening in To the the summer sunbeam. west is the Ossipee Mountain, with its towering peaks, and in ling the distance, at the north, the White Mountains show their snowy summits and a little further to the west Chocorua Peak is ; distinctly seen, down the precipi- tous sides of which, tradition says, an Indian made his last leap when pursued by the white man. Near the foot of Ossipee Mountain is a beautiful cascade, which attracts many visitors; also impregnated a spring, with sul- tions in the vicinity of Ossipee. slightly The most Near the westphuric acid gas. ern shore of Ossipee Lake, in a level field, is a circular mound, about fifty feet in diameter, and 10 feet in height, supposed to be the place where the Indians buried their dead after an encounter with Captain Lovell. Several entire skeletons, besides hatchets, tomahawks, etc., have been taken lofty peak of Ossipee mountain has an altitude of nearabove the ocean level. In the crevices of the rocks, on Green Mountain, ice may be found at all seasons of the year. ly 2,500 feet Summer Resorts. The bright and silvery waters of Ossipee Lake, and the beautiful mountain scenery in and around Ossipee, �PELHAM. from this mound. About 500 vis- 203 Area of improved land, spend their summer vacation in Ossipee. There are three hotels and many farm houses, where summer boarders are ac- commodated. way Employments. Ossipee is one of the best farming towns in the 17,740 acres. excellent railroad facilities. itors State, many of its inhabitants being engaged in agriculture. There is considerable money invested in manufactories. Over 12,000 dozen pairs of hose, over 1,250,000 feet of boards, 100,000 clapboards, and are annually 150,000 shingles, manufactured, besides an extensive tannery and bedstead manufactory, annually producing 10,000 Bedsteads. 72,000 pairs of shoes (See tables.) are annually made. Productions of the Resources. soil, $155,603; mechanical labor, $ 55,950 994; money ; deposits at interest, from summer $41,557; $ 3, in savings banks, tourists, $25,000; Stock in trade, $ 19,980. There Churches and Sclwols. are in town one Congregational, two Methodist, and two Freewill There are Churches, twenty schools in town. Average Baptist length of schools, for the year, ten weeks. Carroll Hotels. and Houses, and Banks' Hotel. Centre Arri- vals for the year, 7,500. Sixty miles north- Distances. from Concord. Railroad. Great Falls and Con- east Railroad affords this town FELHAM. Hillsborough County. The town is moderately surface of this uneven, but the uplands are excel- and for the raising But two towns in the lent for grazing of fruit. county exceed it in the value of its Over were made fruit productions. rels of cider 6,000 bar- in town, in the fall of 1872. Lowell and Lawrence furnish the farmers a convenient market surplus productions. for their About sixty cans of milk are daily to Lowell, and thirty to Lawrence, the year round. In the carried eastern part of the town are valuAbout able quarries of granite. twenty stone workmen are constantly employed at these quarries. Beaver Streams and Ponds. River is the principal stream, and together with its tributaries furnishes some good water power. Gumpas, White's, and Island Ponds are the principal bodies of water. Employments. The inhabitan Ossipee was New Garden. are principally devoted to agriculEvery hundred acres of ture. Incorporated February 22, 1785. Rev. Samuel First Minister. Arnold, settled in 1829, dismissed in 1831. improved land in town yields the farmer, on an average, $ 1,300 annually. This includes pasturage, The lumber business tillage, &c. Boundaries. North by Tamworth, north-east by Freedom and Effingham, south-east by Wakefield, and west by Wolfeborough, Tuftonborough Moultonand borough. Area over 55,000 acres. is valuable, over 1,100,000 feet of lumber, of all kinds, are annually sawed. A frocking manufactory annually produces $ 35,000 worth of frocking. Stone quarried and Besides there dressed $15,000. First Settlement. originally called �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 294 are five blacksmith and two wheelwright shops, two grist mills, and about 3,400 pairs of sale shoes made. Total value of goods annually manufactured, $96,800. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, soil, $ 109,965 ; $ 19,500 ; money at interest, stocks, $23,190; deposits in savings banks,* $54,698; stock in trade, town was incorporated, July 6, 1746, and the first town meeting was holden July 27, 1746. First Church. The first church edifice was erected in 1746. A Congregational society was formed November 13, 1751, and the Rev. James Hobbs was ordained as its There are six Berry, pastor. schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, twenty- he died in 1765; Rev. ordained in 1765, dismissed in 1792; Rev. J. H. Church, D. D., settled in 1798. North by WindBoundaries. ham and Salem, east by Methuen and Dracut,- Massachusetts, south by Dracut, and west by Hudson. six weeks. Area of improved land, Abel Gage, private, over 500 volumes A. Batchelder, private, over 500 volumes. Thirty-seven miles south from Concord, ten southeast from Nashua, and six north from Lowell, Massachusetts. Railroads. Six miles to Lowell station, by mail carriage, three times a week. A new railroad is in contemplation, from Lowell, etc., 28,491, Churches and Schools. gational Church, Rev. CongreAugustus Libraries. ; Pelham was First Settlements. originally a part of Dracut, Massa- and was formerly included in Wheelwright and Mason's purchase. The first permanent settlement was made by John Butler, William Richardson, .Joseph Hamblett, and others, in 1721, by chusetts, erecting a log house. Two years date, a block the above house was built by the Mason probefore prietors, to assist those stood ready to defend their counwhenever assailed. In the try, 1755, citizens sacrificed give nine of her their lives, to England Canada. In the Revolution, 86 of her townsmen were enrolled on the lists of the army; and the record shows she furnished 98 men to assist in quelling the Rebellion of 1861. The * The savings banks of Massachusetts get a large portion of the deposits of the farmers of Pelham. Ames Moody, 8,049 acres. Distances. through Pelham, to Windham depot, on the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad also one from Nashua, through Pelham to Plaistow, on the Boston and Maine ; Railroad. who might purchase, and protect them from Indian incursions. The inhabitants of Pelham have always French war of pastor; PEMBROKE. Merrimack County. Pemon the eastern side of Merrimack River, and is one of the growing towns of the State, both in wealth and population. The soil is various, and generally productive. The intervals on the river are valuable, and pro- broke is situated duce excellent crops of corn, oats and grass. From these intervals, the land rises in large swells, which yield abundant crops, when properly cared Rivers. considerable for. Pembroke stream no running has �PEMBROKE. through it, but it is well watered by small streams, while its borders are nearly surrounded by The Soueook River rivers. washes its north-western borit from separates and ders, Concord; the Merrimack waters on the west, and separates the while the Suntown from Bow it ; cook passes along its south-eastern boundary, and separates it from Allenstown. There is a small curve in the Suncook, at Suncook village, which has been made since the town line was formed, and brings a saw, and sash and blind mill, into Pembroke, situated apparently on the south-east bank of the river, in AllensThe Suncook furnishes town. some fine water power in Pembroke, which is well improved. Pembroke street is Villages. situated on a high swell of land, about one mile from the Merri- mack. The main street runs par- with the river, and is wide and very pleasant. Thirty years ago it was the principal village in town, and the seat of considerable trade. At that time there were two flourishing academies, severallel al stores, away but the thriving has taken former prestige. The etc. its ; Suncook of village Blanchard or Pembroke Academy still remains, and meets with varied success. The views from this village, of the surrounding country summer, are delightful. Suncook. Near the mouth of the Suncook River, is situated the in the manufacturing village of Suncook. The river runs through the village, —consequently partly in it is Allenstown, located but the larger portion in Pembroke. growth of this village, it The might be said, 295 commenced less than twenty years ago, for a few years prior to that time a destructive fire swept over a large part of the business portion of the village, and ture prospects looked its fu- gloomy for a number of years. Since 1860, i has more than doubled its population, On and trebled the its Pembroke wealth. side the Web- Manufacturing Company em ploys 94 males, and 225 females, and annually manufactures 7,382, ster 000 yards of cotton print goods, valued at $552,000. The Pembroke Mills employ 49 males, and 115 females, and manufacture 3, 740,000 ued one at yards of print cloth, val- $ 280,000. grist-mill, There grinding is also 20,000 bushels of grain annually, valued at $ 23,900 700,000 feet of lumber sawed, valued at $ 10,000 sash and blinds, and printing cases, valued at $ 10,000 besides bakery, foundry, boots and shoes, harnesses, ; ; ; blacksmiths, tailors, &c. On the Allenstown side is the China Manufacturing Company, employing 144 males and 340 females, and manufacturing 11,122,000 yards of cotton print cloth, valued at $ 832, 000. The total capital invested in the various manufactories in Suncook is estimated at $ 1,650,000 employing 345 males, and 700 females, who annually receive for their labor, $ 384,000, and manu- facture goods to the value of $ 1, There are two church edifices, two large graded schoolhouses, one bank, telegraph and express office, from thirty to forty stores, of all kinds, two hotels, and about 2,500 inhabitants. But few villages in this State, have made 754,000. more rapid progress for the past ten years than Suncook. The Sun �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 296 cook Branch of the Concord RailSuncook Valley Railroad to Pittsfleld, furnish the village with excellent railroad facilroad, and the „ About three miles north of Suncook village, on Suncook River, is a small village, where there are a lumber mill, grist-mill, a cotton twine manufactory, and several ities.' other small shops. As can be seen, become a manufac- Employments. Literary Institutions. Pembroke Academy, Isaac Walker, A. M., Principal. Pembroke House, and Hotels. Suncook House. Bank. China Savings Bank, at Suncook, on the Allenstown side. This town First Settlement. was granted by Massachusetts to Captain John Lovewell, and his company of fifty-nine men. in consideration of their faithful services of agricultural, as The grant was given under the Indian name, —"Suncook,"— in May, 1727. The years ago. settlement Pembroke lias turing and trading town, instead it was twenty might be said that the agricultural products have not decreased within that time, but the manufactories have increased enough to over-balance the farm productions. Large quantities of It brick are made 40,000 clapboards, 950,000 shingles and laths, and 1, 800,000 feet of boards and dimen; sion timber, are annually sawed besides meal, flour, cotton goods, &c. The total value of goods an- nually manufactured, of is all kinds, estimated at $ 1,010,800. Productions of the Resources. $126,170; mechanical labor, $ 228,600 stocks and money at interest, $ 39,750 deposits in savings soil, ; ; banks, $202,102; stock in trade, $ 59,025 professional business &c, $ 80,000. Churches and Schools. Baptist, Rev. T. M. Goodwin, pastor Congregational, Rev. L. White, pas; ; Methodist, Rev. James Noyes, pastor; Catholic, Rev. I. B. Richer, priest. There are eleven schools in town, six of which are graded; average length, for the year, twentor ; weeks value of schoolhouses, $ 11,500; total amount of money annually appropriated for ty-five ; school purposes, $ 2,230.25. against the Indians. many made slow progress for years, for the reason of In- dian depredations upon the property of the inhabitants. James Carr— killed May the only person the Indians 1, 1748, who lost in this —was his life by town. For many years the people led a life of watching, anxiety, and fear, which few persons in these days know much about. "The death of James Carr, of killed by the enemy early in 1748, was attended with a singular instance of canine attachment and fidelity. He, with two others, was ploughing on the west bank of the river, within the Topresent township of Bow. Pembroke, who was ward night, some Indians, who had been concealed in a thicket of bushes all day, watching them, rushed upon them. His two com panions were taken but in attempt ing to run to the river, Carr, was shot and fell dead on his back, with his arms somewhat extended. As ; the savages ran up to scalp him, his dog, a large and fierce animal, instantly attacked them, but was stunned by the blow of a toma- — hawk, and left for dead. ple at the garrison in The peoPembroke, �PETERBOROUGH. being near on an immediate pursuit, from the apprehension of falling into an ambuscade. After the departure of the heard the firing, but, it night, did not venture enemy, the dog revived, guarded the corpse of his master through the night, and was found the next morning with his nose laid in its open hand nor would the faithful animal permit any one to remove or even touch the body, until after the use of much flattery and some ; force." This town was concerned in the tedious controversy with the proprietors of Bow, who claimed certain lands belonging to the gran- Some of the grantees settled here as early as 1729. It was incorporated under tees in this vicinity. its present name November 1, 1759. Rev. Aaron Whittemore, Congregational; ordained in 1737; died in 1767. Rev. Jacob Emery, settled in 1768 left in 1775. Rev. Zaccheus Colby, settled in 1786; dismissed in 1803. Boundaries. North-west by First Ministers. ; Soucook River, which separates it from Concord; east and northeast by Chichester and Epsom south-east by Suncook River ; dividing the town from Allenstown and west by the Merrimack River. Area, 10,242 acres improved land, ; Six miles south-east from Concord, and ten miles north from Manchester. Distances. PETERBOROUGH. HlI.LLSBOROUGH COUNTY. The diversified uneven; is with hills, vales, meadows, broad swells, and rills; the whole presurface many beautiful landscapes, worthy the pencil of a The soil on the uplands is and productive the hills and mountain sides afford excellent pasturing, while the meadows, on the rivers, yield abundant crops of grass. There are many good farms under a high state of cultivation, showing what they are capable of producing under the management of skillful husbandmen, who intend to make farming their business in New-Hampshire. Rivers. The Contoocook River artist. rich ; runs in a northerly direction, through the centre of the town, and affords some valuable water power. Nubanusit (or Goose Brook) River takes its rise in ponds in Hancock, Nelson and Harrisville, and, after a passage of nine miles from Harrisville, and a fall of over 600 feet, joins the Contoocook in the village of Peterborough. For a description of the valuable reservoirs, at the head of this river, see Harrisville. This river furnishes nearly all of the water power for the manufactories in Peterborough, with the exception of a woolen mill, grist mill, and barometer shop, and several lumber mills. There are excellent water privileges, many on both rivers, still remaining unimproved. Mountains. On the east side of town is a chain of hills, called The Grand Pack Monadnock. Monadnock, in Jafi'rey, lies in a the 9,950 acres. senting 297 skilful south - westerly direction, about ten miles distant. In the centre of the town is a hill, at an elevation of two hundred feet above the The summit of this hill river. was formerly the site of a church edifice. Villages. West Village ated on Nubanusit River. is situ- Here �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 298 a large cotton manufactory, employing 44 males and 87 females, is and manufacturing wide sheetings, from 4-4ths to ll-4ths, also drills and print cloth; value of manufactured goods, annually produced, $ 160,000. There are other manufactories, store, graded school house, post office, and two paper mills. Peterborough Centre Village is situated at the confluence of the Nubanusit with the Contoocook rivers, and is one of the largest and most entei-prising villages in the State. The Monadnock Rail- road was completed about two years ago, (June 6, 1871) between this place and Winchendon, Massachusetts, and has given a new impetus to the business of this village. There are two cotton manufactories, carriage manufactory, grist mill, harness shop, shoe shops, piano stools, barometers, grave stones, trusses and supporters, tailors, jewelers, and various other mechanical shops. There are five church edifices, high school building, one large graded school house, two banks, two ho- Peterborough Transcript oftelegraph and express office, three lawyers, five physicians, three dentists, between twenty- open direct railway communicaConcord and the north- tion with ern section of the State ; to Ports- mouth, through Manchester; to Boston and Portland, through Nashua, Lowell and Rochester to ; Connecticut River, north or south, through Keene and, on the completion of the Hoosac Tunnel, will give this town railroad facilities second to none in New-Hampshire. With this prospective view, together with the large amount of valuable water power still unimproved, the future growth and prosperity of this village looks very flattering. ; Summer The good Tourists. roads and delightful drives, in and around Peterborough, and the fine views obtained from the cre&ts of its many hills, have rendered it a popular resort for tourists to spend summer vacation. The numwho stop here, through the warm season, is estimated at 400. their ber Employments. Peterborough is decidedly a manufacturing and mercantile town, as their annual from these two sources, exceed the value of the whole receipts, far The Un- tels, agricultural production. fice, ion Manufacturing Co., five and thirty stores, of various kinds, and about two fifty dwellings. hundred and There are many fine buildings in the village, both public and private, and some of the streets and private residences are beautifully shaded. The projected lines of railroad, being from Hillsborough Bridge to this village the Greenfield extension, and the Manchester and Keene ; roads, will, in all probability, be built within a few years, and thus Phoenix Manufacturing Co., and Peterborough Manufacturing Co., annually produce cotton sheetings, from 36 inches to 100 inches wide, cotton drills and print cloth, to the value of $ 383,000 J. Noone'a Sons, woolen goods, to the value ; of $75,000; J. Briggs, piano stools, to the value of $50,000; foundry and machine shop, $25,000; Charles Wilder, thermometers and barometers, $25,000. There are also manufactured: leather, $ 10,000 flour and meal, $ 35,000 wrapping paper, $ 28,000 harness; ; �PETERBOROUGH. custom boots and $7,000; trusses and supporters, $8,000; monuments and lumber, gravestones, $15,000; becarriages, $6,000 $ 18,700 es, $ 10,000 ; shoes, ; ; millinery, sides printing, tailors, 299 Value twenty-one weeks. year, of school houses, $11,200. Total amount of money appropriated for There which has been established about two school purposes, $3,314.50. school is a public high —Thomas blacksmith, and years various other mechanical shops. There are invested in manufactories, of all kinds, $525,900; employing 275 men and 216 women and children, who annually re- cipal. Peterborough Town Library. Library has about 4,000 volumes. Newspaper. Peterborough Tran- $ 175.600, and produce manufacutured goods First National Bank Banks. and Peterborough Savings Bank. J. the value of $740,900; Briggs, the patentee and proprie- at jewelry, ceive tin, iron, their for labor, P. Maryatt, prin- script. Hotels. to French's Hotel, valued tor of Briggs patent piano stools, $ 45,000 annual arrivals, 7,256. Union Hotel, value, $ 5,000 annu- has purchased water power on al arrivals, 3,300. 1 Nubanusit River, and is erecting buildings capable of employing 70 men. The increased demand for his stools has forced him to make enlargement in his business. Resources. Agricultural productions, $128,742; mechanical labor, $ 175,600 stocks and money at inthis ; terest, $112,719; deposits in sav- banks, $307,382; stock in trade, $107,306; professional busiings from summer $ 80,000 $ 12,000. Churches and Schools. Catholic, supplied by the priest in Wilton the first Sabbath of each month value, 300 members; church Congregational Unitari$ 5,000. ness, ; tourists, an, Rev. W. A. members, 159; Jackson, pastor; value, $25,000. First Congregational, Rev. George Dustan, pastor 87 members value, $ 12,000. Methodist Episcopal, Rev. A. F. Baxter, pastor; 40 ; members; ; value, $8,000. First W. O. Ayer, pastor; Baptist, Rev. members value, $ 4,000. There are fourteen schools in town, live of which are graded. Average length of schools, for the 60 ; ; ; First Settlements. This town was granted by the government of Massachusetts to Samuel Hey wood and others in 1738. The first settlers were Scotch Presbyterians, from Ireland, and being unacusto clearing and cultivating wild lands, they endured great Their nearest gristprivations. mill was at Townsend, Mass., and twenty-five miles distant, their road was only a line of mark- tomed ed trees. It appears that as early as 1750 the inhabitants were afflicted Octowith Indian depredations. ber 6, 1750, Alexander Robbe, Thomas Morrison, James Mitchell, William Robbe, John White, James Gordon, John Smith, John Hill, William Scott, and Thom- Vender, petitioned to the General Court of Massachusetts to allow them to build a fort and block houses at the expense of this State, and, also, to have a guard of twenty men sent them Their exfor their protection. cuse for calling on Massachusetts for this assistance, was, that if as �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 300 they were obliged to give up the settlement at Peterborough, Townsend, Leominster, and Lunenburg, in that State, would be left expos- ed to the depredations and cruel- John Ritchie male child born in town. He was born February 22, 1759, and died in the defense of ties of the savages. was the first his country, at Cambridge, in 1776. Hugh Gregg and Samuel Stinson were among the first settlers. The town was incorporated January 17 ,1700. nished Peterborough has fur- many eminent men, who have adorned the bench, chair of State, the pulpit, the bar, the halls of Legislature and of Congress. First Ministers. Rev. John Morrison, ordained in 1766, resigned in 1775; Rev. David Annan, settled in 1778, left in 1792; Rev. Elijah Dunbar, ordained in 1799, dismissed in 1827. Boundaries. North by Hancock and Greenfield, east by Greenfield and Temple, south by Temple, Sharon, and Jaffrey, and west by Jaffrey, Dublin, and Harrisville. Area, 23,780 acres. Area of improved land, 15,925 acres. Forty-two miles south-west from Concord, and twenty west from Amherst. Distances. Railroads. road has its Monadnock Rail- terminus in this town. PIERITIONT. Grafton County. The sur- mill stream, and affords some good water power, which is large improved. Mountains. Peaked and Black Mountains are the principal elevations, from the summits of which a fine view of the country can be obtained. Minerals. Iron ore hill coninexhaustible supplies of specular and magnetic iron ore of superior quality. vein of stone tains A runs through this town, which is peculiarly adapted for whet stones, large quantities being annually manufactured. Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants. 150,000 shingles and of boards, &c, are annually. There is also 675,000 feet sawed one hub manufactory, where 12, 000 hubs are manufactured, valued and one whet stone and manufactory, where 1,300 gross of whet stones, and 100 gross of rifles, valued at $ 4, 300 are annually made. at $ 2,250, scythe rifle Resources. soil, $ 127, 175 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, $12,800; money at interest, $62, 300; deposits in savings banks, $7,276; stock in trade, $ 12,114. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. A. L. Marden, pas Methodist, Rev. Moses Shertor. man, pastor. There are thirteen Average length schools in town. of schools, for the year, twenty- but the soil is fertile and produces good crops of wheat, two weeks. potatoes and hay. Along the banks of the Connecticut, is some good interval land. granted to John Temple and 59 face is hilly corn, The oats, hills afford some very fine pasturage for sheep grazing, large numbers being kept in town. Streams. Eastman's Brook is a First Settlement. others, first November settlement was Piermont was 6, Minister. First 1764. made Rev. The in 1770. John Richards, settled in 1776, left in Congregational Church 1802. A was organized in 1771. �PITTSBURG. North by Haverby Warren, south by Orford, and west by Bradford, Vermont. Total area 23,000 acres; improved land, 16,315 acres. Boundaries. hill, east Seventy-five Distances. miles and north-west from Concord, eight south from Haverhill. Coos County. est town in the 4,800 money ; at interest, tourists, $ ; $ 4,900 from sum- 5,000. and Schools. There is an Advent Society in town; nine school districts, and six Churches is the far the larg- and was originally called Indian Stream Territory. A portion large $ mer Pittsburg State, tons of starch are annually manufactured; 375,000 feet of boards &c, and 24,000 clapboards, are annually sawed. Productions of the Resources. labor, soil, $45,289; mechanical fifty stock in trade, $ 10,000 PITTSBUKG. northernmost and by 501 of town is still covered with a heavy growth of wood and timber, which was principally the proper- the average length, for the schools; year, thh'teen weeks. The exact time Organization. of the organization of the town these heavy forests the Deer, Bear, General Moody not known. Bedel, who rendered valuable service in the war of 1812, John Haines, Esq., Rev. Nathaniel Per- Wolf, and Sable roam, while and ponds abound with Trout, and Pickerel, kins, and along the banks, are the Otter, Mink, and Musk-rat. The surface of Pittsburg is broken and uneven, ed December 10, 1840. Hotel. Connecticut Lake House. Boundaries. North by the highlands that separate the waters of ty of the State, prior to 1868. the streams, In still lakes but the soil is well adapted to grazCorn, buckwheat, and the ing. English grains are successfully produced. Rivers and Indian, Lakes. HalFs, and Perry's streams furnish abundant water power. In the north-east portion of the town, is Connecticut Lake. It is four miles in length, and three in width,- and is the source of Connecticut River. Four miles above Connecticut Lake, is Second Lake, which is connected with it by a considerable stream. Third Lake lies two miles above Second Lake, has an area of 200 acres, and is situated near the highlands, which New-Hampshire from Canada. Employments. The people are engaged in agriculture. About separate is Jeremiah Tabor, Ebenezer and about fifty others, Fletcher, settled here in 1810. Incorporat- the St. Lawrence from those that fall into the Connecticut; east by the State of Maine, south by Connecticut River, and west by Hall's Stream. acres; The area is over 200,000 area of improved land, 6, 008 acres. One hundred and Distances. seventy-six miles north of Concord, and forty north-east of Lancaster. Connected by stage North Stratford station on the Railroads. to Trunk Grand that the It is about expected and Quebec Railroad, twenty-five miles. Montreal Railroad, will be extended through this tract of develope which its are, New-Hampshire, and valuable resources at the present time, in a latent state. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 302 PITTSFIEIiD. Mekrimack County. is one of the growing towns of county, and its future have been established, 1870, there Pittsfield the. prospects three large shoe manufactories, employing 325 hands, and annually producing 500,000 pairs of womand shoes valued at are very flattering. The surface is uneven, and, in some portions, rocky but the soil is very fertile, en's boots producing excellent crops of wheat, corn, &c. But one other town in the county raises as many bushels of wheat, and but two sell as and dwelling houses, with every prospect that what has already been done is but a foretaste of its future business operations. There many many are in the village, four church ed- ; gallons of milk. There are farms under a high state of cultivation, and many wealthy farmers in Pittsfield. Suncook Rivers and Ponds. River passes through this town in a southerly direction, affording many fine water privileges, several of which are not improvfine The new railroad facilities will, doubtless, cause the utilizing ed. of all the surplus water power beBerry's and years. many fore Wild Goose ponds are the princi- $550,000. There have also been many erected business buildings an academy, town ifices, hall, two banks, about twenty stores, of various kinds, one hotel, offices, three numerous professions, of various large shoe manufactories, one cotton manufactory, mill, saw and many other shops, and about mechanical two hundred A grist- mill, dwelling houses. disastrous fire occurred here in the fall of 1872, but the people are alive to such an emergency, it will soon be rebuilt with and more pal bodies of water. expensive structures, adding beau- Mountain. " Catamount Mountain' extends across the south-east part of the town. It has an elevation of 1,450 feet above the level of the ocean, which can be distinctly seen from its summit, in a clear day. Berry's Pond is on this mountain. Black tourmaMinerals &c. line and magnetic iron are found peat bogs are in a few localities numerous, and, when reclaimed, produce heavy crops of grass. A short distance north-east from the village, is a spring impregnated with sulphur. Village. In a valley on the Suncook river is situated the neat and ty ufactories. flourishing facturing 1 ; village of Pittsfield. Since the introduction of the railit has increased in business and population very rapidly. Since road, and renewed Pittsfield ments in for life to the village. holds out great induce- manufactures to locate it. Employments. The inhabitants are largely engaged in manufac- and mercantile though the products of the turing valuable. About 600,000 women's boots and shoes trade, soil are pairs of are man- ufactured annually, and over 2,000, 000, yards of cotton cloth, 7,000 shingles, 500,000 feet of boards and dimension timber, and 9,000 shoe boxes are annually produced. There is a planing and turning mill, and several other small man- mill, in The Pittsfield ManuCompany enlarged their the summer of 1873, to the of manufacturing per cent, more goods. capacity fifty �303 PLAINFIELD. Agricultural produc- Resources. $ 97,973 tions, $255,500; mechanical labor, ; stocks, money at &c, $30,200; interest, $12,350; deposits in savings banks, $ 137,248; in trade, $43,375; tourists, iness, $ 3,000 &c, ; stock Congre- Deering, pastor Cal. Baptist, Rev. M. Coburn, pastor; Episcopal, Union, Rev. Joseph Harvey, pastor Quaker, Hiram Paige, pastor. There are ten school districts, and eleven schools in town average length, for the year, eighteen weeks; amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 1,755.45. Literary Institution. Pittsfield Academy, a prosperous institution, is located here, Library. Pittsfield Library As; J. ; ; sociation. Newspaper. Pittsfield Star. Hotel. " Washington House." John Cram and were the first settlers in It was incorpoi ated town. First Settlers. others - 27, 1782. Rev. ChristoFirst Minister pher Page, (Congregational,) settled in 1789, dismissed, 1793. North-east Boundaries. by Barnstead, south-east by Strafford nd Northwood, south-west by Chichester and Epsom, and northArea, 14,927 west by Loudon. acres; improved land, 10,648 acres. Distances. By railroad, twen- ty-two miles north-east from Concord private conveyance, fifteen ; miles. Pittsfield is the ter- Railroad minus of the Suncook Valley Railroad. Suncook Valley Extension to Alton, it is Sullivan County. Plainfield one of the best farming towns The Connecticut in the State. River waters its western border where can be found some very valuable interval. In other parts of the town, there are many fertile is Churches and Schools. this PLAINFIELD. professional bus- $60,000. The Con- cord and Rochester Railroad passes through Pittsfield, if ever constructed. from summer gational-Freewill Baptist, Rev. A. March built another season. thought, will be meadows. The hills furnish some of the best pasturage for sheep in the county. The soil is generally strong and fertile, producing ex- cellent crops of wheat, corn, oats and potatoes. Nearly 4,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 bushels of corn are annually produced. Rivers and Ponds. Connecticut River waters its western part, while a small stream whieh has its source in Croydon mountains passes through the centre. Hart's Island, in the Connecticut, contains nineteen acres. There are two small ponds. Elevation. Home Hill, on the Connecticut, is a considerable elevation. Its summit can be seen for a long distance, either up or down the river, and it was named by the Indians, who had their encampment near its base. Lime Stone, of a good quality, is found in the western portion of the town. Plainfield has a pleasant village situated on a plain, through the centre of which a street passes, north and south. On a gentle eminence, in this town, is located the beautiful village of Meriden, upon the top of which eminence are two churches, a school house, two stores, a hotel, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 304 and Kimball Union Academy, being one of the most distinguished literary institutions in the State. This school was founded in 1813, and incorporated the same year. It was endowed by Daniel Kimball, Esq., of Meriden, with the sum of $ 42, 000, and has an additional school property of $ 18,000. Number of alumni, about fifteen hundred. The average expenses of each scholar, including tuition, board and room-rent, is $150.00 per year. The average number of students, per year, for the last thirty years, has been about two hundred. Of the income of this fund, $ 150 is annually applied towards the support of a preacher the remainder, in aid of young men who contemplate entering upon the duties of the ministry. The success which has hitherto attended this institution, is a sufficient guarantee of its present standing and future prospects. ; Rev. L. A. Austin, M. A., is the Churches and There Schools. are five churches in Plainfield viz. two Congregational, two Baptist and one Methodist. Revs. C. M. Palmer and Jacob Scales, pastors of the Congregational Revs. H. G. Hubbard and E. H. Smith, pastors of the Baptist, and Elder David Moody, Methodist pastor. There are sixteen school districts and seventeen schools. Average ; length of schools, for the year, twenty weeks. Hotels. Booth House. First Settlers. L. Nash, and J. Russell settled here in 1764. In- corporated, or a grant given, Au- gust 14, 1761. First Ministers. Rev. Abraham Cai-penter, (Congregational) tled in 1765; dismissed in set1799. Rev. Micah Porter, settled in 1804 dismissed in 1824. Boundaries. North by Lebanon, east by Grantham, south by Cornish, and west by Hartland, Vermont. Area of improved land Principal. 24,683 acres. Farming is the principal employment of the in- west from habitants. Some of the finest farms in the State can be found in this north-west from Newport, and twelve south from Dartmouth town. Many of the farmers keep summer boarders through the College. warm Railroad, Lebanon on Northern and Windsor on the Vermont Central, are the nearest Employments. weather, there being about 400 tourists who spend their summer vacation in this pleasant town. Distances. Railroads. paints to railroads. 50,000 clapboards, 200,000 shingles, and 700,000 Furniture to a moderate extent, is manufactured. Resources. Agricultural products, $ $ 5,500 mechanical labor, stocks and bonds, $ 14,000 179,075 ; ; money its in at interest, $37,710; depossavings banks, $ 35,826 stock ; in trade, $54,000; tourists, $ PLAISTOW. feet of boards, etc., are annually sawed. 12,000. from summer Sixty miles north Concord, seventeen Rockingham County. tow Plais- a small township with an even surface, in the larger portion of the town. The soil is generally good, being a mixture of black loam, clay, and gravel. The many thrifty farms, attest as to the quality of the soil, and to the skill and industry of the husbandis �PLYMOUTH. man. 305 William Hurlin, pasThere are four schools in town. Average length of schools, Its proximity to the large manufacturing city of Haverhill, Mass., gives the farmers, a fine tor; Baptist, market for the year, twenty-four for the sale of their sur- tor. Hotel. abundance near the centre of the town, which affords a rare opportunity for the manu- originally is found in facturing of brick. On Village. Boston the and Maine Railroad, near the centre of the town, is located the pleasant village, of Plaistow. There are several stores, of various kinds, one hotel, two church edifices, school houses, post office, telegraph office, one lawyer, two physicians, and about houses. If fifty dwelling inducements proper are held out to the manufacturers in the hill, now crowded city of Haver- First Settlement. of this village, can be doubled, and the valuation trebled within the next five years. The inhabitants Employme7its are largely engaged in the manu. facturing of brick. It is estimat- ed that there will be over 30,000, made the present season (1873). Many people live in this town, and do business in Hav- 000 of brick erhill. Besoui'ces. Agricultural pro- ductions, $29,136; mechanical labor, $46,500; money at interest, there sion. First Churches and ScJiools. Congre- * The Savings Banks, in Massachusetts, receive the benefit of the large deposits, by the people of Plaistow. made Ministers. Rev. James (Congregational) settled in 1730 died in 1764. Rev. Gyles Merrill, ordained in 1765; died in 1801. Boundaries. North and northeast by Kingston, east by Newton, south by Haverhill, Massachusetts, and west by Atkinson. Area 6,839 acres. Area improved land dishing, ; 2,609 acres. Distances. Forty miles south from Concord, eighteen south from Exeter, and four north from east Haverhill, Massachusetts. Railroad. Boston and Maine Railroad passes through this town. PLYMOCTH. Grafton County. is gational Rev. Calvin Terry, pas- date given. definite were among the first settlers. It is said that Deacon J. Harriman was the first man in New-Hampwho embraced the Baptist persua- ; $1,000. no is Captain Charles Bartlett, Nicholas White, Esq., Deacon Benjamin Kimball, and J. Harriman deposits in savings $ 18, 900 banks in the State,* $2,800; stock in trade, $31,590; from summer tourists, Plaistow was of Haverhill New-Hampshire, a charter was granted Feb. 28., 1749. Its settlements commenced early, but 18,000 pairs of shoes, are annually manufactured, and about 350,000 feet of lumber sawed. a part Mass., and was part of the territory, in tbe Indian purchase of 1612. After it became annexed to four miles distant, the popu- lation weeks. Union House. plus productions, at remunerative prices. Clay of the best quality half shire Plymouth town of the county. Owing to its central position on the great railway line of travel to the western sections of the White Mountains the fine natural scenery which surrounds it, and the ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 306 energy and public spirit of its citi- becoming one of the most important towns in the county, and it might be said, in the zens, it is r State. The own road, they have never forgotten to lend their influence and their money, for the promotion and welfare of this village. Thej have erected here one of the ests of their surface is generally uneven, and finest hotels in the which is an honor to the town, and to New-Hampshire. Through the warm season this largest but the soil is very good, especially the interval land, and, usually, the farms are well cultivated. State, Many house of the hillsides are suitably adapted to the growing of fruit, and there are but two towns in the county that raise as many apples. numerous Besides Rivers. small streams, in various parts, it watered by the Pemigewassett on its western border, and Baker's River, flowing through the northern section of the town, joins the Pemigewassett in the north-eastern part. Baker's River has its rise in Benton and Orange, and is thirty is miles in length. this river, it is At the mouth of a party of men, said, from Haverhill, Massachusetts, under command of Captain Baker, attacked and defeated a party of Indians, killing a number and securing a large quantity of fur; hence the name of the river. Village. On the Pemigewasset, and on the line of the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad, is situated the beautiful and growing village of Plymouth. It is situat3d in the midst of some of the finest scenery in the State, and this, together with the generally neat appearance of the streets and build- makes it a desirable place to Here is located the State Normal School. The building is of brick, of modern architecture, ings, live in. and with every convenience school of this character. fice for a The of the Montreal Railroad ofis and while the managers have in view the inter- also located here, generally is filled with many of them staying from two weeks to three months. The passengers on the trains north and south dine here; and one train guests, from the north, and two from the south stay over night and with these advantages more people know this house than any other ; hotel in the State. This village is the centre of a large mercantile trade, and has many yeai-s, for also been noted, the manufacturing of buck and leather gloves, and, "Plymouth Glove" is known through the larger portion of the Northern States. There are eleven firms in this village, engaged in this business, with a capital of The annual value of $70,000. gloves manufactured is $ 120,000. There are two church edifices, one large graded school house, fifteen or twenty stores, of all kinds, two the hotels, express fice, and telegraph of- three lawyers, four physicians and two dentists. Blacksmiths, tin workmen, carpenters, painters, and kinds of mechanics a thriving NewEngland village are found here. The number of tourists who stop in and around this pleasant village from one week to three months is estimated at 500, besides the thousands who stop for dinner or for a tailors, common day. all to The most noted places of in- terest, for travellers to visit.besides the pleasant drives in any direc- �05 H fed C 03 o ffl c c r o n ��307 PORTSMOUTH. from the village, are Walker's Livermore Falls, and ProsNo person will be satpect Hill. isfied with his tour through NewHampshire, until he makes a visit tion Hill, town. Employments. Mercantile trade, business, manufacturing, hotel keeping summer boarders, and to this delightful W. Blair, William Leverett, Esq., Joseph Burrows, and Samuel A. Burns. Pemigewasset House, Hotels. valued at $ 75,000 and Plymouth House, valued at $ 10,000. Each Hotel has a livery stable attached, with from fifteen to twenty horses apiece. farming is by no means neglected. There are 6,527 bushels of corn, 9, This town Joseph Blanchard, Zachaand others, July 15, 1763. riah Parker and James Hobert 000 bushels oats, 15,000 bushels po- commenced the tatoes, 32,000 lbs. butter, 29,000 lbs. August, 1764, and in the following autumn, they were joined by Jotham Cumings, Josiah Brown, David Webster, Stephen Webster, professional business are the chief occupations of the inhabitants, but maple sugar, and 3,000 tons of hay, annually produced; 5,740 dozen buck, and 11,000 dozen leather gloves, annually manufactured, valued at $ 120,000 lumber, $ 46, 800; flour and meal, $10,300; besides various other small mechanThe total value of ical shops. goods, annually manufactured, is $ 224,000. (See tables.) ; Agricultural Resources. pro- ductions, $ 104,175; mechanical la- money bor, $57,400; and stocks, $ at interest 9,125; deposits in sa- banks, $51,154; $36,678; from vings trade, tourists, stock in summer $ 50,000 professional bus; Churches and Schools. Congre- gational, Rev. Cyrus Richardson, members, 149 church val$ 10,000 Methodist, Rev. M. W. Prince, pastor; members, 220; value, $19,000. There are eleven schools in town, two of which are graded average length, for the year, twenty-two weeks. Literary Institution. State Normal School, Silas H. Pearl, the ued ; at ; ; ; popular principal of this Institution, died in July, 1873. Libraries. to settlement, in first and Ephraim They organized a Congregational Church in 1765. First Ministers. Rev. Nathan Ward, Congregational ordained James Blodgett, Weston. ; Rev. Fairbanks; ordained in 1800, dismissed in 1818. In 1803, a Methodist church was foi'med. Boundaries. North by Rumney and Campton, east by Holderness, south by Bridgewater, and west by Hebron and Rumney. Area, 16, 256 acres area of improved land, in 1765, dismissed in 1794; Drury ; 10,103 acres. iness, $60,000. pastor Settlements. First was granted Private libraries of over 400 volumes, are Colonel H. Distances. Fifty-one miles north from Concord, by railroad; and thirty-five south-east from Haver hill. PORTSMOUTH. Rockingham County. mouth is Ports- town in half shire town the only seaport the State, and is of the county. In 1872, with the exception of Manchester, it was the wealthiest city in the State, and the fourth in population. The first known white man, to step who was ever foot on the soil �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 308 was Captain Martin Pring, of Bristol, England, in 1603, who landed in the vicinity of where the city now stands. In 1614, Captain John Smith sailed up the Piscataqua and examined its waters but the regular settleof New-Hampshire, ; ment did not commence until It is situated 1623. on the south side of the Piscataqua, about three miles many of the buildings but there are many fine structures of modern architecture. The Cust< >m sequently have an antique appearance ; House, Athenreum, Rockingham House, and several churches, are nice Many buildings. streets are wide, clean, mented with shade of the and orna- trees, while river, at this the residences are adorned with fine yards and gardens, which give point, is over one-half mile wide, the place a pleasant and inviting from its mouth. The and, at low water, is seventy feet deep, with a current of over five The tide rises miles an hour. about ten feet, and consequently, with the strong current, the river is kept clear of ice in the harbor, and for many miles up the river. The river, at its mouth, is protected by head lands and islands, thereby debarring heavy seas from the Atlantic. The channel of the river has never less than forty-five feet of water, at low tide. With advantages, the harbor is considered one of the best and safest on the Atlantic coast. The location of the city is very pleasant; the land gently sloping towards the harbor. There is no pleasanter country, nor finer roads in New-England than are seen around Portsmouth. The country these is thickly settled with good farm them betokening an air of wealth (and it might be houses, nearly all of said luxury,) while the streets are wide, level and beautifully shaded. Portsmouth has not increased in population quite as rapidly as some of her sister cities, who have been extensively engaged in manufacturing for the past thirty yeai-s, but has steadily grown in wealth. It is an old town, and was an hundred years of age before Concord or Manchester were chartered, con- appearance. The proximity to the sea and neighboring beaches renders it a delightful summer resort. Portsmouth, from 1802 to 1813, visited with several- disastrous fires. In 1802, one hundred and two buildings were burned. In December, 1806, fourteen, including St. John's church; and in was fifteen 1813, town of the acres were burned over, destroying three hundred and ninety-seven buildings. It has been the seat of consider- able mercantile trade years, past it and for many number of years has increased quite rapidly for a in manufacturing. Kearsarge Mills, employ 134 males and 237 females; annually manufacture goods to the value of $ 450,000 wheat and corn ground, $ 115,000; leather tanned, $20,000; boots, shoes and slippers, $40,000; foundry and clothing, $ 100,000 machinery, $ 40,000 cod liver oil, $8,000; stone and marble work, ; ; ; $30,000; gas, $32,000; bakery, $31,000; ship building, $55,000; tin soap and candles, $ 12,000 ; ware, $18,300; printing, $55,000; besides cigars, ale, brass foundry, patent grapplers, anchors, furniture, doors, sash and blinds, carriages, coopering, masts and spars, �PORTSMOUTH. tents and awnings, and various other small shops. The total capital invested in manufactories is $ 1,437,000 males employed, 624 females, 401 annual value of production, $ 2,944,500. ; ; • Portsmouth business, is many so situated in its being engaged in 309 ; W. H. Baptist, Rev. Alden, ConRev. C. S. Martyn, pastor; Episcopal, Rev. J. F. Bingham, rector; Freewill Baptist, Rev. L. L. Harmon, pastor; Methodist, Rev. A. C. Hardy, pastor; Unitarian, Rev. James Depastor; Christian, ; gregational, commerce, and Normandie, pastor iness, that Rev. O. Van Cise, pastor; Catholic, Rev. F. C. Walsh, priest. There are twenty-seven schools in town, twenty- two of which are graded in the fishing busimpossible to give account of the re- it is any accurate sources of the city. The receipts, no doubt, from these two sources, are several hundred thousand dollars, annually. There is no doubt but that the individual wealth of this city exceeds that of any other city in the State, with the exception of Man- chester. The agricultural valuable. products are But three towns in the county raise as many apples. The improved land is about 2,000 acres. The average value of crops to each acre of improved land, $ 45 is ; this includes pasturage. The mercantile trade is very having an extensive territory of a rich and populous farming country, both in Maine and NewHampshire. The number of stores, of all kinds, is over two hundred and fifty, with a capital invested of over $1,000,000. Resources. Agricultural productions $ 98,300 mechanical labor, $ 406,000 stocks and bonds, *$ 991, 952 money at interest $ 473,442 stock in trade, § 1,436,301 deposits in savings banks, $ 1,099, 389; from professional business, value of toll bridges, $700,000; $ 27,500 ferries, $ 40,000 wharves, $ 46,734. Churches and Schools. Advent, large, ; ; ; ; ; * ; This does not include U. It is said, amount S. bonds which to over a million of dollars. Universalist, ; number of scholars, 1,974; average length of schools for the year, forty-four weeks value of schoolhouses, $80,000; total amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $22,377.39. There are two high schools in connection with the public schools; viz. Girl's High School, A. M. Payson, Principal Boy's High School; Lewis E. Smith, Principal. The schools of Portsmouth are of a high order, and rank as some of the best in the State. Banks. First National Bank, capital, $300,000; National Mechanics and Traders' Bank, $ 300, 000 Rockingham National, $ 200, New-Hampshire National, 000; $ 150,000 Total Stock, $ 950,000 Portsmouth Savings Bank; deposits, $ 2,087,997.55 Portsmouth Trust and Guarantee Company; ; . ; ; ; ; due depositors, $247,619.97; Capital, $ 100,000 unpaid dividends, $77,60; borrowed, $2,386.27; total, $ 350,083.28 Rockingham Ten Cents Savings Bank due deposi; ; ; tors, $449,425.42; (See tables.) The Portsmouth National Bank was the first bank granted by the government, and issued the first bank notes in' the United States, at the time of the rebellPortsmouth Savings Bank ion. national �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 310 was the Bank Savings first char- tered in New-Hampshire, viz. in The 1823. capital invested in National Banks is $300,000 more than that of any other city in the State. Newspapers. Portsmouth Jour- nal, Daily Chronicle, New-Hamp- shire Gazette, Daily Times, and Union. States and (See tahles.) Maritime. The number of foreign vessels entering the port of Portsmouth, for the year ending June 30th, 1871, was 49; tonnage, 7,306; crew, 295; American vessels, 9; tonnage, 1,446; crew, 49; Coastwise Trade and Fisheries Trade Steamers, 49, tonnage, 9, 713 vessels of all kinds, 540 tonnage 58,776; crew, 2,532; fisheries vessels, 306; tonnage, 5,580; crew, 2,770. physicians, and five dentists, be- sides various other professions, in the city. Early History. We append a few quotations of the early settlement of Portsmouth. " In the begining of the seventeenth century, some merchants of Bristol, England, having formed a private company for the investigation of this country, employed for that service, Captain Martin Pring, of Bristol, a skillful navigator" and of considerable note. " They plac- ed under his command two named ves- auspiciously In 1872, the tonnage of the coasting trade had increased to 72,533 the Speedwell, and the Discoverer. In the year 1603, he set sail for America, and was enabled to be the first discoverer of New-Hampshire. Just 270 years ago, ( from 1873,) he entered the channel of the Piscataqua, and explored it for three or four leagues. He landed, and and doubtless, with his compan- ; ; ; — fisheries number tonnage to 7,948. The of registered, enrolled and licensed vessels, belonging to the port of Portsmonth, was 73, with a tonnage of 12,994. Five of these were steamboats, with a tonnage of 429; number of vessels built, 3; tonnage, 1,207. The maritime business of this harbor is constantly increasing, and some predict it will nearly iouble within the next ten years. Hotels. Rockingham House, Kearsarge House, National House, Franklin House, American House. The Rockingham House is one of the largest and finest furnished hotels in the State. All the hotels are of the first order, and compare favorably with the public houses in other towns and cities in New- England. Lawyers and Physicians &c. There are eleven lawyers, eleven sels, ions, trod the soil of this city. The Portsmouth therefore, just- city of ly boasts of years, her antiquity of 270 and of being the first soil in New-Hampshire that was touched by the feet of 1614, the Englishmen. celebrated In John Smith, saved from death by the Indian girl Pocahontas, examined and extolled the deep waters of the Piscataquoag. In 1623, the company of Laconia, in England, consisting of Gorges aud Mason and many eminent and enterprising merchants of London and other cities, selected some choice per- and sent them to establish a plantation on this river. They were high minded men, who had enlarged views of government, religion and religious toleration. They were not of the Puritan party, for Gorges and Mason had not sons, �311 PORTSMOUTH. uated on Pleasant Street, a few north of the Universalist Church edifice. The Rev. Richard the same religious views with the Massachusetts planters. rods John Mason, the London merchant, member Gibson was the pastor, and was of the Portsmouth Company, for the planting, ruling and governing of New-England, and first governor of this province, advanced a large sum of money, for the welfare of this place, and, the | I may be said to have laid the foundation of its commercial prosperiDavid Tomson, a Scotchman, ty. who seems to have been prominent among the planters who first settled here, built a house on Odiorne's Point, a few rods north of the evident remains of an ancient It was built the year of his fort. arrival here, was the first house erected on this plantation, and was afterwards called Mason Hall. About eight years afterward, Humphrey Chadbourne built the Great House, winch was situated on the bank of the river at the corner of It was Court and Water streets. afterwards occupied by Warrenton & Cutts." "On the 28th of May 1653, the plantation, which was accidently called Strawberry Bank, by reaaon of a bank where strawberries were found," on petition of Brain Pendleton, was changed by the General Court at Boston, and called Portsmouth," as being a name most suitable for this place, it being the river's mouth, and as good as any in the land. It was also the name of the Eng- John Mason The first edifice erected here, for public worship, was an Episcopal Church. It was built as early as 1639, on what is lish City in which was born." now erly Church Street, (formChurch Lane,) northerly of called the Court House. erected at the same A parsonage time, was sit- first minister settled in Ports- The worship at this mouth. church was according to the ritual Francis of the English Church. Williams was appointed Governor of the plantation in 1634. He wa I a sensible and accomplished man, and popular with the people. He collected about him many valua- men, whose example and inwas of the best order. These circumstances gave a high ble fluence character to the town. Its reputawas so great that it was always selected in the days of colotion government as a most desiraplace of residence, and for many years it was the home of the royal governors and the king's " It has been distincouncil." nial ble guished for men of patriotism. Here lived William Vaughan, who claimed to be the projector of the siege of Louisburg, under PepDr. Cutter was a surgeon perell. " Colonel in that expedition. Meserve, and Major Hale, took an and Samuel Langdon was the Chaplain of the NewHampshire forces. General Whipple was one of the signers of the active part, Declaration of Independence. Governor Langdon was always a devoted friend to his country. H^, with General Sullivan, seized one hundred barrels of Gunpowder at the fort, in the mouth of the har- and conveyed them to Bunker Hill, where they proved very valuable on the memorable 17th of June. Governor Langdon had the honor of presiding in the Senate when General Washington was elected President of the United bor, �312 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. States, He and John Pickering and Pierce Long were delegates to the Convention, for the adoption of the Federal Constitution, and ably sustained it. Portsmouth points with pride to Sewall, Buckminister, Haven, Penhallow, Langdon, Cutts, Bartlett, Webster, Brown, Alden, Pickering, Shei'burne, Woodbury, and the Wentworths who were natives or residents of the town. " Navy Yard. The navy yard is I 1817 each, owned in 100 shares of $ 100 contains over 11,000 vol- umes; Portsmouth Bridge, I ized respectively in 1789 Mc Clay trict in of vessels of the largest class. It is about three fourths of a mile north east from the city. The territory embraced within its limits is about 65 acres, and is nearly enclosed with permanent quay walls of dimension split granite." water at the wharves The of sufficient depth to float the largest class of government ships, at the lowest tide. There are three is large ship houses, seven large tim- ber sheds, a mast house, and a rigging house machine shops and wood shops on the most extensive ; and improved plans. The quarters for officers and men are not excelled by those of any navy station in the country. There is a scale oating dry dock, for the repair of the largest government ships. This dock is 350 feet in length, 115 in width, 38 feet in height, and cost $800,000. employed 300, to The number of hands in this yard varies over from 2,000. Old Oryanizations and Societies. Portsmouth Aqueduct Company, organized in 1798; Portsmouth Marine Society, organized in 1808 Portsmouth Athenasuni, January, Maine. These forts Whales Back, New White Island, and Boon Castle, the construction 1811. protect the harbor from any foreign invasion. There are four light-houses attached to this dis- Piscataqua, within the limits of Maine, and has every convenience facility for and Forts and Light Houses. Fort Constitution is situated on Great Island and nearly opposite to Fort situated on the east side of the and 1819; Howard Benevolent Society, 1829. The old fire societies were organ- viz., Island. Bridges. connects Portsmouth Bridge, with Battery, the city Maine. Incorporated Capital $64,000. Bridge incorporated in bridge connects New in New 1821. 1819; Castle This Castle, with Portsmouth. Cemeteries. Auburn Street Cemetery has an area of thirteen acres. It is situated on two gentle swells of land at the foot of Auburn Street. In the centre of the ground is a beautiful artificial pond surrounded by a lawn, and ornamented with trees and shrubbery. The grounds are laid out in lots divided with gravel walks, shaded with the oak and maple. Har- mony Grove Cemetery, diton to Auburn is an ad- Street Cemetery. July 4th, 1873, the sons and daughters of Portsmouth celebrated the 250th anniversary since the first permanent settlement was commenced. Almost every city and almost every section of the country was represented in the great meeting of the natives of this ancient town. It was the largest and most important gathering of people ever held in the city of Portsmouth and was considered a success. �313 RANDOLPH. First Ministers. Rev. John Gib- son, installed in 1639; Rev. Joshua Moody, died in settled 1671, in 1697; Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, set1699, died in 1723; Rev. Jabez Fitch, settled in 1725, died in 1746, Rev. S. Langdon, D. D. tled in settled in 1747; dismissed in 1777; Rev. Joseph Buckminister D. D. settled in died 1779; in 1812. Rev. John Second Church. Em- erson, settled in 1715, died in 1732; Rev. William Shurtleff, settled in Rev. Job died in 1747; 1733, Strong, settled in cord Railroad connects it with Central New-Hampshire and the western and northern sections of the State. The Portsmouth Railroad set- now is Dover and (1873,) and will be open the coming autumn. built, being for travel KANDOL.PH. died in 1749, Rev. Samuel Haven, 1751; is reached by the Great Falls and Conway Railroad, which forms a junction with the P. S. and P. about twelve miles from Portsmouth. The Portsmouth and Con- shire Coos County. This town is tled in 1752, died in 1806. situated at the northern base of Boundaries. North-west by Newington, north-east by Piscataqua River, which separates it from Kittery, Maine, south-east and south by Rye, and west by Greenland and Newington. Area 9,000 acres. Portsmouth, including Kittery, Dover, and Exeter, was an independent republic until 1641. It then, with Exeter, placed itself under the jurisdiction of the until 1679, when New-Hampshire was formed into a separate province. It was Massachusetts, with incorporated limits, May 28, porated as a Distances. its 1653. It city, July present was incor- 6, 1849. miles north from Boston, and four hundred and eighty-nine miles northeast from Washington, D. C. Railroads. Fifty-four The railroad facili- Portsmouth are very good. The Eastern New-Hampshire, has its terminus here, and connects the city with Boston. The Eastern connects with the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad, which leads to Portland, and from ties of thence to all sections of Maine the eastern section of New-Hamp- White Mountains. The suris uneven and broken with hills, and of its area of over 26,000 acres, only 1,400 are under any improvement. The lumber busiface ness is an important branch of resource to the people. Rivers. Branches of Moose and Israel's Rivers are the principal and afford some water power. Farming and Employments.. lumbering is the principal employment, of the people. 1,000,000 feet of lumber, of all kinds, are annuIn seasons of good ally sawed. potato crops, quite a quantity of starch is manufactured. Productions of the Resources mechanical labor, soil, $ 18,401 $ 4,600 deposits in savings banks, from summer tourists, $ 111 $ 2,000. streams, ; ; ; Schools. town There are three schools average length, for the year, nineteen weeks. The average attendance, in proportion to in the ; number of scholars, is larger than that of any other town in the county, viz. 81 per cent. Hotel. Wood's Hotel. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 314 First was Randolph John Durand and others from London, under the name of " Durand" August 20, 1772. It was first settled by Joseph Wilder and Stephen Gilson, and was incorporated and received its present name, June 16, 1824. North by Berlin, Boundaries. east by Gorham, south by the White Mountains, and west by Total Kilkenny. area, 36,680 improved land, 1,400 acres. One hundred and Distances. twenty miles north from Concord, and twenty south-east from Lanacres ; caster. Railroads. The nearest railroad is at Gorham sta- communication tion, five miles distant, on the Grand Trunk Railroad. RAYMOND. The County. town is generally even, but the soil is various. The Rockingham surface of this meadows on the streams are pro- ductive but not under a high state of cultivation, while other portions, if properly cultivated, pro- duce fine crops. Rivers and Ponds. Two branches of the Lamprey River, from Deerfield and Candia, unite in Raymond, and the waters of two ponds fall into this river in its passage through the town. Pawtuckaway River, from Nottingham, crosses through the north-east corner into Epping. In the north part of the town, about one hundred rods from the principal road leading to Deerfield, near the summit of a hill, is a cave or an excavation in the ledge about fifteen feet, which is called the " Oven," from the appearance of its mouth. is called Raymond Deon the Concord and Ports- At what Organization. gi'anted to pot, mouth Railroad, is quite a village. Here are three church edifices, large school house, academy, ten or twelve stores, of all kinds, one hotel, various kinds of mechani- and about seventy-five dwelling houses. It is the centre of a large mercantile trade, and has a business appearance. Agriculture is Employments. the principal employment of the inhabitants, but the manufactures, cal shops, Sale and trade are valuable. lumber to the value of $ 9, meal and flour, $27,400; 200; palmleaf hats, $ 8,000 besides sugar boxes, hogshead staves, tubs, pails, mackerel kits, and various other small mechanical shops. shoes, ; Total value of goods, of all kinds, annually manufactured, is $ 79,800. Resources. Productions of the soil, $ $94,606; 15,700 ; mechanical labor, money $ at interest, 15, deposits in savings banks, 168; $39,194; stock in trade, $30,375; professional business, $ 12,000. FreeChurches and Schools. will Baptist, Rev. Joseph Fullonton, pastor; Congregational, Rev. Samuel Bowker, pastor; Methodist, Rev. William Hews, and Matthew Newhall. There are ten average length, schools in town ; for the year, fourteen Literary Institution. High School. weeks. Raymond "Two Terms in a year." Hotel. Central House; livery stable attached to the house. First was Organization. originally and, for many Raymond a part of Chester, years, was called "Freetown." Itwasmadeadistinct parish in 1762. It was incorpor- ated under the present name, May �RICHMOND Its population, 1764. 9, was in 315 are generally engaged in agriculture. 200,000 heading, 75,000 pail stuff, 440,000 staves, 1,560,000 feet dimension timber and 75,000 revolution. Four were killed, or died in the service. Hon. John Dudley, a patriotof the revolution, member of the committee of safety, speaker of the house, and judge of the superior court, died here, of May terest, $3,435; aged eighty years. First Minister. Rev. Jonathan Stickney, Congregational ordained in 1800. North by DeerBoundaries. field and Nottingham, east by Epping and Fremont, south by Chester, and west by Chester and Candia. Area, 16,317 acres; area of improved land, 11,084 acres. Distances. Twenty-eight miles south-east from Concord, and twenty-five west from Portsmouth. The Concord and Railroad. Railroad passes Portsmouth through this town, in an easterly 21, 1803, ; and westerly pails, are Resources. there being no elevations of any soil produces good crops of rye, wheat, corn, &c. Rivers and Ponds. Branches of the Ashuelot and Miller's rivers, are the principal streams in town. There are three ponds, one of which is one of the sources of MilRiver. Minerals. ler's Soapstone, quartz, felspar phosphate of lime, rutile, iron pyrites, $ 14,945 ; money at in- deposits in savings stock in banks, $49,918; from summer trade, tourists, $400. Churches and Schools. and Universalist. dist, MethoThere are average length, fourteen schools for the year, ten weeks. Hotel. Howe's Hotel. ; First Settlers. This town was granted to Joseph Blanchard and others, February 28, 1752, and the first settlement was made about 1758, by people from Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Rev. Maturin First Ministers. ; died in Rev. Isaac Kenney, settled 1792. formed First in 1768; Baptist Church second, in 1776. North by SwanTroy and Fitzwilliam, south by Warwick and Royalston, Massachusetts, and west by Boundaries. zey, east by Area, 22,725 acres. Seventy miles southwest from Concord, and twelve south from Keene. Fitzwilliam Depot, Railroad. on Cheshire Railroad, distant eight miles. U. S. Mail every Winchester. Distances. other day. RINDGE. garnets, calcareous Cheshire County. The surface of this town is uneven and in some parts rocky, but the soil is and hornblende crystals, are found in one quarry. Iolite, a rare mineral of great beauty, and highly valued, is found in the deep quartz. crops spar, mechanical labor, $21,000; stocks, and in The Productions of the $69,640; soil, 1804. RICH.TIONO. note. annually produced. (See tables.) Ballou, ordained in 1770 direction. Cheshire County. The surface of this town is generally level, The inhabitants Employments. 1775, The names of twentyfour of its inhabitants are found enrolled among the soldiers of the 683. — RINDGE. and fertile yielding of hay and grain. fair �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 316 Ponds and Streams. thirteen ponds let, ; There are Long, Grassy, Bul- Manomonack, Emerson, and Perley Ponds are the principal. The three first discharge their waters into the Contoocook, and the three last into Miller's River. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agricultural pursuits, but the town is noted for the manufacturing of wooden ware, of various kinds. The different mills annually produce nest, fig, and salt boxes, valued at $ 16,800 bobbins and spools, $22,000; 18,000 brooms, $6,000; ; 1,120,000 pails, $ 2,800,000 19,500, and dimension timber, $43,100, 7,000 bushels meal, and flour $11,000; besides, boots and shoes, are made. There are blackfeet boards smiths, carpenters, painters, sons, ma- and other tradesmen. The $ more inhabitants mechanical labor, stocks and money at in- 14,800 ; $23, 350; deposits in savings banks, $ 47,666 stock in trade, ; $ 28,658. Churches and Schools. Congregational Methodist Rev. W. H. Stewart, pastor. There are ten schools in town average ; ; length of schools, for the year, nineteen weeks; value of school houses $ 8,000 amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes $ 1,577.50 ; Rindge House. Rindge was originally granted by Massachusetts, and was called Rowley Canada or Monadnock Number One. It was incorporated under its present name, February 11, 1768, for one of its proprietors. Hotel. First Settlement. town in 1790, First Ministers. Rev. Seth Dean, (Congregational) ordained in 1765, left in 1780 Rev. Seth Payson, D. D., ordained in 1782, died in 1820 aged sixty-two years. Dr. Payson was eminently distinguished for his many good deeds ; in ministerial labors. Boundaries. North by Jaffrey, and Sharon east by New Ipswich, south by Winchendon, Massachusetts, and west by Fitzwilliam. Area 23,838 acres improved land ; 14,476 acres. Distances. Fifty-miles south- west from Concord, and twenty south-east from Keene. Bailroad. Monadnock Railroad passes through this town. ROCHESTER. Strafford County. Rochester $ 56,395 terest, in than in 1870. to- value of goods annually manufactured is $ 150,600. Besources. Productions of the tal soil, Jonathan Stanley, George Hewetts and Abel Platts first made a settlement here in 1752. There were one of the progressive towns in the State, having, within the past twenty years, nearly doubled its is population and wealth. Its population, at the present time, (1873,) is not far from 6,000, having on its check-list, at the annual town meeting, 1,409 names. In Rochester village there have been erected, within the past three years, two hundred dwelling houses; besides many business blocks Its railroad facilities are equal to those of any town in the State. Four railroads now come into the town, or pass through it, viz. the Eastern, Cocheco, Portland & Rochester and Nashua & Rochester Railroads and the Concord & Rochester Railroad has been chartered and, doubtless, will be built — — �ROCHESTER. The within the next five years. is uneven, rising in numerous swells, but the larger portion can be cultivated. The soil is very good and produces excellent crops of corn, etc. There are some very fine farms, under a high state of cultivation. The value of its agricultural products exceeds that of any other town in the county. surface Squamanagonnick the highest elevation, and Elevations. Hill is constitutes a considerable part of several valuable farms. Rivers. Salmon Falls River washes the eastern border of the town Cocheco River runs through the whole length of the town, and ; nearly through the centre; Isinglass River crosses the southerly corner, just before its junction with the Cocheco River. Both Salmon and Cocheco rivers abundant water power, Falls furnish which beiDg improved, to some is extent. Near the centre of the Villages. town on Cocheco River, stands the principal village, foi'merly called "Norway thrift, In point of Plains." business, wealth, and the en- terprising spirit of its inhabitants, equaled but by few villages Its manufactures in the State. it is and trade are considerable, and very important. There are located Norway 317 and growing Besides, villages. three church edifices, four school houses, a bank, two hotels, forty stores, of all kinds, sevthere are eral eating houses, a newspaper of- fice,three express offices, telegraph, physicians 1 , insurance, lawyers', and various other offices, too numerous to mention. Some of the business blocks are tial buildings. fine, The substan- streets are wide and in many places finely shaded with the elm or maple It is a beautiful village, and all who reside there feel proud to acknowledge it. The various lines of railroads form a junction in this village. East and Rochester growing Portland & is a pleasant village, Rochester on the Railroad. Here are three woolen mills, employing 200 males and females, three churches, school houses, a post office, several stores and various kinds of mechanical shops. Oonie Village has two woolen mills, employing 120 males and fe- males. There are two banks, a church, a school house, several stores, a hotel, post office, &c. It is a very pleasant village, and is the residence of some of the most prominent men in the State. Employments. Rochester can justly be' called one of the princi- Plains pal manufacturing towns of the Manufacturing Company, (three mills) employing 350 males and though its agricultural productions are valuable. The annual value of woolen goods manufactured, in eight mills, is $1,142,000 over 700,000 pairs of boots and shoes are in this village the females ; three shoe manufactories, employing 450 males and females, a large axe handle manufactory, a door, sash and blind factory, two carnage manufactories, a tannery, lumber mills, also blacksmiths, carpenters, shoemakers, tin and the various other kinds of mechanical shops common to enterprising State, ; manufactured $ 9,000 worth of carnages are made; 72,000 lbs. splits, 18,600 sides sole leather, and ; 4,000 calf skins are annually pro- duced; 200,000 shingles, 1,200,000 feet of boards, &c, are sawed; be- �318 NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. and blind, and various oher man- sides there are door, sash furniture, The town, seven of them being graded. Average length of schools, for the weeks value of school houses, $ 19,950 amount value of goods, of all kinds, annually manufactured, is $2,275,500.00. (See year, twenty-five tables.) purposes, $6,355.55. Library, Banks, ufactories. Productions of the Resources. soil, total $ 139,888; from operatives in the various manufactories, $463, from carpenters, painters, 000; masons, blacksmiths, &c, $ 90,000 interest, at $ 11,848; money deposits in »fec., $47,600; stock in savings banks, $ 410,531 trade, $181,100; from summer professional sertourists, $ 9,000 This town is bevices, $ 150,000. coming quite a popular resort for summer tourists. The estimated number who annually visit here, for a few weeks or months, through the summer, is three hundred. Churches and Schools. Methodist Rev. D. J. Smith, pastor; stocks, ; ; number of valuation, members, $ 30,000. church Congrega- 300; Rev. H. M. Stone, pastor; 150 church value, $ 20Freewill Baptist, Rev. E. 000. True, pastor members, 40. Catholic, Rev. Father Pugh, pastor; members, 300; church valuation, East Rochester Meth$ 4,000. odist, Rev. A. A. Cleveland, pasmembers, 75 church valuator tion, $3,000. Freewill Baptist, Rev. T. T. Kenniston, pastor; members, 80; church valuation, $9,000. Advent Church, value, $ 800. Two other Advent churches in the Gonic: town valued at $600. Freewill Baptist, Rev. G. S. Hill, pastor; members, 110; church valuation, $ 10,000. One other Freewill Baptist in town, Rev. P. tional, members, ; ; : ; ; Chesley, pastor; members, 50; church valuation, $ 2,500. There are twenty-six schools in ; ; annually appropriated for school Hotels, Etc. Rochester Social Library, 1,850 volumes. Gonic National Bank, Gonic Savings Bank, and Norway Plains Savings Bank. Dodge's Hotel, and "Mansion House," at Rochester, and " Varney Hotel" at Gonic. Total value of hotels, $ 75,000 number of arrivals the ; past year, 10,750. There are four livery stables with 29 horses, val- ued at $ 6,200. First Settlements. Rochester was granted by Massachusetts to several proprietors in one hundred and twenty seven shares. At that time its area was 60,000 acres, but at the present time the town con- was incorThe first permanent settler was Captain Timothy Roberts, who moved here with his family, December 28, 1728. tains only 22,000. porated May 10, It 1722. Ham, Benjamin Frost, Benjamin Tebbetts, Joseph Richards and others came soon after. Eleazer Rochester was one of the frontier towns till Canada came into the possession of the English, in 1760. The inhabitants suffered much through Indian and Canadian cruelties for many years, often being obliged, for the pi*otection of their lives, to live in garri- son houses, and with this precaution, they also kept a vigilant watch night and day. The frequent attacks of the Indians and their allies, caused the men to be bold and adventurous, and their sons, early trained to the use of arms, soon caught the brave spirit ot �319 ROLLINSFORD. their fathers, and they quickly he- Forty miles Distances. east enemies, came and the settlers did not suffer near as much as many towns, that were far less exposed. In June, 1746, Joseph Heard, John Wentworth, Joseph Rich- from Concord, and ten north from and Gershom Downs, were and John Richards wounded and captured. A boy by the name of Jonathan Door was also taken captive and carried to Canada. One Sunday morning in May, 1748, the wife of Jonathan Hodgdon was ken from Somersworth, and incor- killed by the Indians for not willing- any town in the county. The farmers find a good market for their a terror to their ards, killed, ly consenting to accompany them to Canada. Her husband married again, and was the father of twen- He died ty-one children in all. in 1815, aged ninety years. In the Revolutionary struggle, of the inhabitants took an active part. The deeds of Cap- many tain John Brewer and David John McDuffee and Dover. ROLXINSFOKD. Strafford County. ford is Rollins- a very small township, ta- porated July 3, 1849. The soil is of the best quality, and produces excellent crops of various kinds of grain, grass, etc. With one exception, the orchard productions, are more valuable than those of surplus products at Salmon Falls, At Sal- Dover, or Great Falls. mon Falls, in this town, manufacturing village. is a large In this churches, two banks, ten or fifteen stores, of vaFalls rious kinds, the Salmon Manufacturing Works, and two or village are three Place, Colonel three hundred dwellings. memory of the people of Rochester for many Twenty-one men years to come. The Salmon Falls RivRivers. er washes the eastern border of the town, and affords excellent others will live in the from this town were killed or died in that great contest for liberty. Many men who have held distinguished positions, both in the State and nation, were natives or residents of this town. Ministers. First Rev. Amos Main, Congregational, settled in Rev. Samuel 1737, died in 1760. Hill, ordained in 1760, died in 1764. Rev. Avery Hall, settled in 1766, and dismissed in 1775. Rev. Joseph Haven, settled in 1775, and dismissed in 1825. Boundaries North-east by Berwick, Maine, south-east by Somersworth and Dover, south-west by Barrington, and north-west by Farrnington. Area of improved land, 11,368 acres. water privileges. Manufacturing Employments. and mercantile trade are the principal employments of the people, although in proportion to its territory, there is not a better farming district, in the State. The Salmon Manufacturing Company, have a capital of $ 600,000. They employ about 150 males, and 430 Falls females, who annually receive for They $ 160,000. manufacture about 6,000,000 yards of cotton cloth, valued at $ 768,337. There are several other small their labor, over manufactories. Productions of the Resources. soil, $60,500; mechanical labor, $186,359; stocks etc., $25,000; money at interest, $ 16,507 pro; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 320 fessional business, •? $ 197,520; Congre- gational, Rev. Sclah Merrill, pas- Catholic, J. Sullivan, T. There Episcopal, are six school districts,' and eight priest . ; schools, in for town ; average length, the year, thirty-one amount of ite weeks; money annually appro- One of the largest gran- quarries in the State At town. stock in trade, $ 61,875. Churches and Schools. tor; Quarry. 50,000; depos- savings banks, in its present, in this is being ex- it is tensively worked, and, no doubt, will be a valuable resource of wealth. Estimated value of stone quarried, the present year, (1873,) $ 150,000. Employments. Aside from the quarry business, farming is the employment principal priated for school purposes, $ 3, 354.50; average amount appropri- ated for each scholar, $11.11. ucts, of the people. Banks. Salmon Falls State Bank, and Salmon Falls Savings Bank. (See tables.) Salmon Library. Falls Library, volumes. Hotel. Franklin House. Boundaries. North by Somersworth, east by South Berwick, Maine, and south and west by Dover. Acres of improved land, 2,813. Distances. Forty miles southeast from Concord, and two miles east from Dover. Railroads. Boston and Maine, and Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroads pass through 1,000 Rollinsford. ROXBVRY. Cheshire County. The surtown is uneven, face of this small rising in considerable swells, and affording excellent grazing land. The soil is fertile, and, when prop- erly tilled, produces fine crops. Agricultural Resources. prod- mechanical labor, $ 38,000 money at interest, $ 4,360 deposits in savings banks, $ 19,088. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. G. L. Ninas, pastor. There are three schools average $ 27,427; ; ; length, the for year, nineteen weeks. Roxbury First Organization. was formed of a part of Nelson, Marlborough and Keene, and incorporated, Dec. 9, 1812. Joseph Ames, Esq., a celebrated artist, and portrait painter to the Pope of Rome, was a native of this town. Rev. ChristoCongregational; installed in 1816; dismissed in 1819. North by Sullivan Boundaries. and Harrisville, east by Harrisville, south by Marlborough, and west by Keene. Area, 6,000 acres. Fifty miles southDistances. west from Concord, and five east First pher Minister. Page, from Keene. Railroads. It is five miles to Streams and Ponds. The north branch of Ashuelot River, forms Keene town and Keene. Roaring Brook, on which are several valuable meadows, waters the south part, and furnishes a few water privileges. Roaring Brook Pond is on the east Keene Railroad, when built, will pass through this town. the boundary between this side of the town. on the Cheshire The Manchester and Station, Railroad. RCTUIIVEY. Grafton County. The surface of this town is uneven, but the soil There is fertile. is generally �RUMNEY. much good fai-mingland, and some very line farms. There is also a large quantity of good timber, which finds a ready market in Boston, through the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad. Streams and Ponds. Baker's River and Stinson's Brook, the latter of which flows from Stinson's Pond are the principal streams. Stinson's Pond four hundred is rods long, and two hundred and eighty wide. Part of Loon Pond is on the east line of the town. Mountains. The principal elevations are Stinson's Mountain, Webber and Rattlesnake MounStinson's Mountain receivtain. ed its name from Daniel Stinson, who, while on a hunting excursion with General Stark and two others, in April, was attacked 1752, by a party of ten Indians, commanded by Francis Titigaw. Stark was taken prisoner, and This sad event Stinson slain. will long perpetuate the name of mountain, pond and brook, which bear his name. There is a very pleasVillage. ant village in this town, and the Stinson, through of seat the considerable business. There are two churches, several stores, a hotel, express and telegraph office, manufactories, of various kinds, and about seventydwelling houses. Employments. The larger portion of the people, are engaged in five There is considerable manufacturing of which lumagriculture. ber is the principal; 700,000 shin- and 2^975,000 feet of dimension timber are annually sawed. Some gles years, 60,000 lbs. of camphor is valued at over $21,000; 10,000 truss pads are also made. refined, 321 Gloves to the value of meal rakes, 500 dozens, are els annually $ 14,700 8,900 bush- produced, be- sides, there are various other shops, (See tables.) Agricultural prod- etc. Resources. ucts, $ 115,234; mechanical labor, $39,400; money at interest, etc., $15,834; deposits in savings banks, from summer $25,983; tourists, $10,000; stock in' trade, $33,892; professional business, $ 25,000. Baptist, Churches and Schools. Rev. J. B. Breed, pastor; members, 126; church value, $5,000. Baker's River, Baptist, Rev. G. A. pastor; Glines, members, 81; church value, $,3,000. Methodist, Elder N. P. Philbrook, pastor; church value, $2,000; number of members, 120. There are ten schools in this town; average length, for the year, twelve weeks. Hotel. 3,000, $ Stinson House arrivals, annually; hotel value, ; 10,000. First and This town Daniel Brainard Settlement. was granted to March others, 18, 1767. The were Captain Jonathan Cummings, Moses Smart, Daniel Brainard, James Heath and others, in 1765. First Churches and Ministers. A Congregational Church was estabfirst settlers lished, Thomas October in 1788; tled in 21, 1767; Niles, pastor; Rev. dismissed Rev. Ezra Wilmarth setdismissed in 1811. 1779, A Baptist Church was formed in 1780. Boundaries. North by Ellsworth, east by Campton, south by Plymouth, Hebron and Groton, and west by Wentworth. Area, 22,574 acres. Distances. north-west Fifty-nine from Concord, miles and �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 322 eight north-west from Plymouth. The Boston, Concord Railroad. both pleasant and large towns. was estimated It that fifteen hundred and Montreal Railroad passes through the southern part of this tourists stayed in Rye, through the town. five large warm weather viz., RITE. in 1873. There are and commodious hotels the Farragut, Atlantic, Sea- View, Washington and Ocean*. Rockixgham County. Nearly one third of the sea-coast of the State, is in this town, extending The number of for six miles along the Atlantic. to On Churches and Schools. There are four churches in town viz., Congregational, Christian, Methodist, There are four and Advent. schools average length, for the year, twenty-six weeks. the shore, are three pleasant beaches, viz. Sandy, Jenness, and Wallis. Near Goss' Mills, there is a small harbor, into which ves- burden may enter sels of 80 tons at high water. but is in a The soil is hard, high state of cidtivation, and yields good crops. Employments. But very little manufacturing is done. Nearly all the people are engaged in farming, and, in the summer warm season, keeping Nearly every farm house is a boarding house, and their own tables furnish a good market for their farm prodboarders. ucts, at first-class prices. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $76,296; mechanical labor, $ 10,500; fisheries, not known deposits in savings banks, .$ 130,660 stocks, bonds, and money at interest, $ 32,910; from sum; ; mer at boarding houses, guests at hotels, $ 75,000, tourists, 8 60,000 ; Summer Tourists. coming widely noted Rye as a is be- summer resort for invalids, lovers of seaside views, and those who are de- lighted by the music of the ocean The beaches are large and for bathing. The roads are hotels last People who come arrivals at all the were 10,000. Rye once are apt season visit again. ; First Settlements. Rye was or- a part of Portsmouth, Greenland, Hampton and NewCastle. Settlements commenced within the present limits of the town, as early as 1635, but it was not incorporated till 1719. The inhabitants suffered much in early times from frequent attacks by the Indians. In 1694, John Locke was killed while reaping grain in his Twenty-one persons were field. killed or captured, at one time, at Sandy Beach in 1696. In this invasion, in 1696, the Indians had been down to the sea-shore for the purpose of fishing, and, returning, they encamped upon the top of a hill. While preparing their breakfast, they were surprised by a party of rangers, and captured. This hill has ever since, been called iginally "Breakfast First Hill. 1 ' Ministers. Rev. Nathan- wave. iel safe in 1733. Rev. Samuel Parsons, ordained in 1736; died in 1739. good, and the drives delightful. in No finer country can be found New England than in the vi- cinity of Rye. Portsmouth, * Morrill, ordained in 1726; left The Ocean House was burnt in the season was one of the largest, and most expensive hotels on the New-England coast, of 1873. miles to and nine to Exeter, It is six It costing nearly $ 100,000. �323 SALEM. At North Salem there Rev. Huntington Porter, D. D., fice, etc. settled in 1784. a church, North and northBoundaries. west by Portsmouth, north-east by Little Harbor, east by the Atlantic Ocean, south by Xorth-Hampton, and west by Greenland. Distances. Six miles south from Portsmouth, and fifty south-east from Concord. Railroads. The Eastern Rail- woolen At the June Session, road. 1872, school house, is three mills, a lumber mill, two and a post office. At Depot Village are two churches, a school house, shoe factory, lumber stores, wheel-wright shop, mill, five six stores, of various kinds, or and a post office. The inhabitants Employments. are about equally divided between forming on one side, and manufacand mercantile trade on the other. Woolen goods, such a charter was granted for a railroad to run through Rye, to be called the Eastern Branch Rail- tories road. and woolen yarn are manufactured, to the value of $ 260,000 annu- SALEM. town is The uneven, af- fording a fair proportion of interThe soil is good, val and upland. and well cultivated, producing ex- cellent crops of corn, grain and proximity to the large city of Lawrence, Mass., affords a fine market for the farmers to sell grass. their Its productions. surplus four other towns in sell as much garden But the county Pavers. ; ferent sections of the town, viz. Salem, North Salem and Depot Village. At Salem village are two churches, a school house, shoe factor^*, woolen mill, lumber mill, small mechanical shops, three stores, one hotel, a post ofseveral and shoes, valued at made $ 179,000 are 800,000 feet of lumber, val- ; are sawed, and small mechanical shops. The total value of goods, annually manufactured, is $460, ued at $ there are 11,500, many (See tables.) 000. Resources. Annual agricultural mechan- productions, $100,137; ical labor, $85,400; terest, ings produce. There are several ponds, the largest of which is Policy Pond, partly in this town and partly in Windham World's End and Captain Ponds are the Spiggott River passes principal. through this town in a southerly direction, and receives in its course many branches, which afford good water power. There are three villages, in difPonds and 163,000 pairs of sale boots ally; Rockingham County. surface of this as flannels, frocking, water-proof, $ 12,400 banks,* money at in- ; deposits in sav- $ 13,174; stock in trade, $31,635; professional business, $ 35,000. Churches and, Softools. Salem: Methodist, Rev. H. Dow, pastor; Congregational, Rev. A. M. Gates, pastor. North Salem Methodist, Rev. S. J. Robinson pastor. DeRev. J. H. Methodist, pot: Baptist, Rev. Haines, pastor; There are Mr. Eaton, pastor. eleven schools in town, two of which are graded average length of schools, for the year, twenty-six : ; weeks; total amoimt of money annually appropriated for school * A large portion of the surplus earnings of the people, finds its way banks in Massachusetts. into the savings, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 324 purposes, value $1,967.14; of Salem House and Chee- Hotels. ney House. First Settlements. Salem was orig- a part of Methuen, Mass., inally, but came into New-Hampshire in the State division in 1741. It was incorporated May 11, 1750. The town contained, as early as 1775, Hon. Silas man, died inhabitants. 1,084 Belton, a distinguished here in 1822. Rev Ministers. First Abner Bagley, ordained in 1740; died in 1798. Rev. John Smith, D. D., ordained in 1797; dismissed in 1816. North by Londonby Atkinson, east and south by Methuen, Mass., south-west by Pelham, and west by Windham. Boundaries. derry, north-east Distances. Forty miles south from Concord, and twenty southwest from Exeter. Railroad. The Manchester and Lawrence Railroad passes through the town, in a northerly and southerly direction. SALISBURY, Merrimack County. Salisbury one of the best farming towns in the county, and is especially noted for its excellent apple orchards. But two towns in the is State equal this town in production. The surface ally, uneven. The deep, and loamy. River land. ford its is apple gener- soil is strong, On Blackwater some very fertile interval The more hilly portions af- is most excellent pasturage, however, some very fine tillage land, producing good crops of wheat, corn, potatoes etc. 16,000 lbs. of wool is produced annually. But very few towns in the but there is, State hold out better inducements husbandmen, than Salisbury. There are two very pleasant villages located on rising ground about one mile apart, and situated on what was originally called the Fourth New-Hampshire Turnto school houses, $ 8,850, pike. River. It is watered by Blackwater River, which flows nearly through the centre of the town. Mountain. Kearsarge ranges within the bounds of Salisbm-y, the north-west corner of which extends nearly to its summit. Employments. inhabitants. little The to Agriculture is employment of the There is but very the principal manufacturing in the town. had a tendency railroads have injure which mercantile trade, ago was very the thirty years extensive. Productions of the mechanical labor, $ 10,400 stocks and bonds, $ 12, 500; money at intei-est, $17,500; deposits in savings banks, $62,445; stock in trade, $ 8,250. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. J. B. Cook, pastor; Baptist, Christian, Rev. A. There are H. Martin, pastor. eleven schools; average length, for the year, fifteen weeks. Hotel. Elm House. Resources. soil, $ 129,914; ; ; Salisbury First Settlers. was granted by the Masonian proprietors under the name of Stevenstown, October 25. 1749, and included within its grant part of It was the town of Franklin. settled in 1750, by Philip Call, Nathanial Meloon, Benjamin Pettingill, John and Ebenezer "Webster, Andrew Bohonon, Edward man and Kingston. It East- from was incorporated, others, mostly �325 SANBORNTON. by present name, its March 1, Ebenezer Hon. Men. Noted Webster was one of the first set- He was a patriot of the revolution, an officer of the militia, and held responsible offices in the State, such as Senator in the Legislature, and Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He died He was the father of the in 1806. Hon. Ezekiel and Daniel Webster, names well known throughout the tlers. Hon Ichabod Bartlett, Hon. Thomas H. Pettingill, and Hon. Charles Haddock were nacountry. tives of this town. Indians. suffered The first inhabitants much from the inroads of On the 16th of May, the Indians. 1753, Nathaniel Maloon, living in the west part of the town, was captured, together with his wife, and three children viz. Sarah, Rachel They were taken and Daniel. Canada, where, himself and wife were sold to the French in Montreal. The children were retained with the Indians, one of whom returned, after an absence to of nine years. After the parents had resided year and a Montreal about in a- they had a son baptized by a French friar, by the name of Joseph Marq. Mr. Maloon returned from captivity after four years and born, half, who was a half, to his farm in Salisbury. Sarah died with the Indians. No record son. Rev. Thomas Worcester, ordained dismissed in 1823. Boundaries. North by Wilmot, Andover and Franklin, east by Franklin, south by Webster, Bosin 1791 1768. is given of the mother and In August, 1753, the wife of was killed, and on the Samuel Scribner, and Robert Barker were captured, and ; cawen and Warner, and west by Area, 26,000 acres. Sixteen miles northwest from Concord. Five miles from Railroads. North Boscawen depot on NorthThe Blackwater ern Railroad. Railroad, when built, will pass directly through this town. Sutton. Distances. S VNIIOBSMON. Belknap County. In 1828, the southern corner of Sanbornton, lying between the Pemigewasset and Winnipiseogee rivers, was taken to help form the town of Franklin, and thereby taking valuable water power on both rivers. But it still retained enough territory and water power, to make it the best farming town, in the State, and to have a flourishing manufacturing village. In July, 1869, the south-eastern portion of the town, bordering on the Winnipiseogee River, was dis- annexed, and incoi'porated into a town, under the name of Tilton. This last depletory movement, severed from its territory, 8,600 acres of improved land, nearly all of its water power, and a thriving manufacturing village. If the territory of the town was the same as forty-six years ago, the value of its agricultural productions, now be over $ 340,000 would annually, by any town in the manufactured goods would be valued at nearly $2,000, 000, and it would have a population Philip Call far the largest of same State: day, taken to Canada. First Ministers. Rev. Jonathan Searle, (Congregational,) ordained in 1773; dismissed in 1791. and its of nearly 4,000. But notwithstanding this large draft on its territory, it is still one �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 326 of the most important farming towns in the State, ranking as the fifth in the value of its agricultural productions. is generally The uneven, mountainous, nearly surface but all the not high- est hills are suitable for cultiva- Much tion. attention has been given to the growing of the apple, and the value of its productions exceeds that of any other town in the State. Salmon Streams and Ponds. Brook rises in Salmon Pond, in the north part of the town, and flows nearly through the centre, in a southerly direction, into Franklin, and discharges its waters into the Pemigewasset. In its passage, it furnishes some water power for small mills, and is the only stream of note. Lake Winnisquam washes its eastern border. Sanbornton Square was the first settled part of the town, and at one was the seat of considerable but Tilton, and Laconia, have taken nearly all of its former prestige, as to trade and other business. There are two church edi- time, trade, fices, office, a school house, store, postand several dwelling houses. Employments Nearly all of the inhabitants are engaged in agriculture. There are a few saw mills, and some mechanThere are annualshops. $ 2,257 from summer tour$ 1,000. Churches and Schools. 1st Baptist, Rev. A. Rankin, pastor; 2d Baptist, Rev. V. B. Bunker, pastor; Congregational, Rev. M. T. Runnels, pastor; F. Baptist, trade, ; ists, . There are fourteen schools in town; average length, for the year, eighteen weeks. Sanbornton First Settlements. was granted by the Masonian proprietors, in 1748, to several persons by the name of Sanborn, and was by John Sanborn, Andrew Rowen, David Duston and others. It was incorporated, settled in 1765, March 1, First 1770. Minister. Woodman, dained in 1771 first Baptist lyproduced, 1,500 bushels of wheat, 11,500 of corn, and 25,000 bushels potatoes; apples to the value of $14,000; besides 51,000 lbs butter, 14,000 lbs. cheese and 5,200 tons of hay. Productions of the Resources. soil, $215,204; mechanical labor, $5,000; stocks and money at interest, $18,575; deposits in savings banks, $93,466; stock in Joseph died in 1807. ; The Church was foraged in 1793. North by Neweast by Lake Winnisquam, south by Tilton and Franklin, and west by Acres, Hill and New-Hampton. of improved laud 20,935. Twenty-one miles Distances. north from Concord, and six west from Gilford. Railroad. Three miles to Tilton, on the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad. Boundaries. Hampton and Meredith, grist-mills, ical Rev. (Congregational,) or- SANDOW1V. Rockingham surface of this the soil is County. The town is uneven, but well adapted to the growing of grain or grass. Ponds and Rivers. There are several ponds, the largest of which is Philip's Pond, lying in the south part of the town, about 340 rods Angle Pond long, and 200 wide. in the south-east part, is about 200 rods long, and 100 wide. Squam- �SANDWICH. River flows from Philip's Pond, and unites with another stream of about the same size, about one half mile from the pond. are the principal These two streams in town. Employments. In the summer months, the larger portion of the people are engaged in agriculture, but many in the winter are engaged in shoe making and lumbering. bottomed, is brought, principally, from Haverhill, and Lynn, Mass. There are annually sawed, 1,000,000 feet of lumber, valued at $13,000. Productions of the Resources. annually, $ 30,694 from mechanical labor, $22,200; deposits in savings banks, $8,345; money at stock in trade, interest, $ 10,625 soil, ; ; $ 11,437. There Churches and Schools. are two churches, viz. Methodist, Methodist. and Congregational. W. H. H. The Collins, pastor. students furnish the Congregational. There are four schools aver; age length, for the year, eighteen weeks. First Settlers. This town was originally a part of Kingston. Moses Tucker, Israel and James Huse, and others, settled here in 1736. It was incorporated April 6, Rev. Joseph Cotton, ordained in 1759; died in 1780. Rev. Samuel Collins settled in 1781 ; Webber, left in 1788. Rev. John settled in 1795: removed in 1800. Boundaries. North by Chester and Fremont, east by Danville, south by Hampstead, and west by Area, 8,522 Chester and Derry. acres. miles south-east from Concord, twenty- from Portsmouth, and thirteen from Exeter. Railroads. Eight miles to Plaistow, on the Boston and Maine Railroad. The Nashua and Roch- six south-west ester Railroad, now being built, will pass through this town. SANDWICH. Carroll County. The surface uneven, but the soil is deep, strong, and produces excellent crops of wheat, corn, oats and hay. Sandwich is situated in a basin, being nearly surrounded by mountains, and affording some of the finest and most picturesque scenery in the whole mountain region is of New-Hampshire. In the summer months, nearly every farm-house is filled with city visitors, who spend their summer quiet town, in this vacation, among the hills, and beside the mountain streams. It is estimated that nearly one thousand persons, from all sections of the country, spend their summer vacation Sandwich is the best farming town in the county. Its mountain pastures are excellent, and seldom affected by drouth. The town is noted for its fine horses and cattle, and the farmer finds a here. ready sale for 1756. First Ministers. Thirty-one Distances. scot About 120,000 pairs of shoes are made. The stock, ready fitted to be 327 all his surplus prod- home. There are Rivers and Ponds. numerous streams, many of which are well stored with trout.. Bear Camp, Swift, and Red Hill Rivers, ucts at The waters are the principal. of the Bear Camp and Swift, their way to the ocean, find through the Saco, the Red Hill, — About through the Merrimack. one fourth of Squam Lake, lies in �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 328 Employments. the south-west corner of the town, and this and Bear Camp and Red The people are generally, engaged in farming, summer and boarders, from Hill Ponds, are the principal bod- keeping water. Sandwich MounMountains. tains are a lofty range, extending in a north-easterly course, and terminating at Cochorua Peak in Part of Ossipee MounAlbany. which they receive good returns for their labor. About 30,000 pairs of shoes are annually made, and 300, 000, shingles, and 500.000 feet of tain lies in the south-easterly part of excelsior and salt boxes, has commenced operations. (See ies of of the town. Squam Mountain ex- &c, annually produced. boards A large mill for the manufacture tends from Holderness, through a corner of Campton into Sandwich. There are many elevations which tables.) would be $ called mountains, with geographical names, in many localities of the State, but here, un- der the towering Whiteface, they are considered only hills. In October, 1820, after a long drouth, a heavy rain set in, and continued for a number of days, causing a from Whiteface Mouncutting a deep ravine in its heavy tain, slide sides, for several miles in extent, and sweeping rocks and trees in promiscuous confusion into the meadows, at its base. The traces of this slide, on the side of the mountain, can be distinctly seen, for nearly forty miles from the base of the mountain. As in those days when Cochorua and his tribe, roamed through this trackless waste, the sides of these mountains, and the ravines among them, are shaded with deep, dark forests, and are still the haunts of the bear, panther, and deer. But the whiz of the red man's arrow, which often pierced the heart of the inocent fawn has long since ceased. Village. There is a very pleasant village, in this town, at a point called Hoyt's Corner. Here are several stores, one hotel, offices of various kinds, three churches, an academy and about 60 dwellings. Productions of the mechanical labor, stocks, bonds, and money Resources. soil, $181,475; 12,500 ; at intei-est, $13,688; deposits in savings banks, $ 10,964 stock in trade $ 12,450; from summer tourists, $ 30,000. Some persons, who reside here, are considered very wealthy, but the town does not ; have the honor of showing paper. it on Churches and Schools. There are one Congregational, two Quakei, two Freewill Baptist, and two Methodist churches. Elder G. N. Bryant, Methodist; Rev. C. L. Tappan, Congregational and Rev. L. B. Tasker. and H. R. Beede, are pastors. There are twentythree school districts, and twentyone schools: average length, for the year, eighteen weeks. Amount of money annually appropriated ; for school purposes, $2,420.53. Literary Institution. Beede's Literary Institute. (See Literary In- stitutions.) Banks. There are two banks in town. Carroll County National Bank, and the Sandwich Savings Bank. (See tables.) Hotel. Eagle Hotel. This town First Settlements. was originally granted by Gover- nor Benning Wentworth, in 1763, and comprised six miles square. �329 SEABROOK. On September 5, 1764, the grantees, having represented that the north and west sides of their grant were rocky and mountainous, received an additional grant of territoiw, on the east and " Sandwich incorporated, south side, called Addition. 11 It was October 1768. 25, Hon. Daniel Beechef, a useful zen, resided here many cit- years. Early Minister. Rev. Daniel Smith, settled in 1827; dismissed in 1832. North by WateirBoundaries. east by Albany and Tamworth, south by Moultonborough, and west by Holderness, Campton and Thornton. Area, 64,000 acres ville, improved land, 23, 900 miles Fifty-two Distances. north from Concord, and twentytwo north-west from Ossipee. Railroads. It is sixteen miles to Meredith railway station, on the Montreal Railroad. A stage runs to this station six times a In the summer, this stage week. connects with the boats, at Centre The Portland, Rutland Harbor. built, will pass through Sandwich. SEABROOK. every town, and in its passage affords a few water privileges of moderate power. Several small streams rise in this and adjacent towns, and form the Seabrook River, in the marshes. In its course, it unites with the Hampton River, and thence, in a few miles, joins the ocean. The beach is a favorthe ite resort in partly Grape warm season. Titcomb's Elevations. Hill, town and South-Hampton, and lies partly in this in Hill, in the south-west part of the town, and partly in Massachusetts, are the principal elevations. From the summit of these an extensive and delightful view of the surrounding country can be obtained. Employments. Agriculture is a valuable occupation of the people, but the manufacturing of women's and children's boots and shoes, is the most extensive branch of busihills ness. Rockingham County. to acre under improvement, while the average in the whole State is only $ 9.32. Streams. Cam's Brook has its rise in Salisbury, Mass., and flows through the south-east part of the which acres. and Otsego Railroad, when The land averages $ 20.90 The stock is cut out and Seabrook is one of the ocean towns, of the State, and has extensive plains of salt marsh. The middle and eastern portions of the town are comparatively level, being in many sections gentle swells, The soil is light, easy of cultivation, and productive. The farmers find a good market for their farm produce in Newburyport, Mass., five prepared for bottoming, and put miles distant. But few towns in the State, in proportion to the number of acres under improvement, produce as valuable crops. ous sections of the town, which are There are filled with workmen. over 1,000,000 pairs of boots and shoes annually made, giving em- into cases of 60 pairs each, in Lynn and Haverhill, Mass., and sent the workmen in Seabrook, to to be There are shoe manufactories having machines, and employing finished into shoes. three 65 large men and These boys, three and 15 factories women. annually make over 300,000 pairs. There are many shoe shops, in vari- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 330 ployment to over 250 men and women. Many thousand pairs of shoe uppers are sent to Seabrook, which gives employ- to be fitted, ment number of females. It is estimated that there are over 200 sewing machines, in town. Quite a number of men are engaged in making boats. The lumber business is importo a large and 1,100, of boords and dimension 70,000 shingles, tant. 000 feet timber are annually sawed. Resources. Productions of the soil, $69,370; mechanical labor $ 124,250 700; money ; at interest, $ 1, deposits in savings banks,* stock in trade $ 10,500; $3,115; from summer tourists, $ 5,000. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. Win. Rand, pastor; Baptist, Rev. H. H. Buman, pas- W. C. BartCongregational of tor; Methodist, Elder lett, pastor; Seabrook and Hampton Falls. There are five schools in town; average length, for the year, twenty-five weeks. Academy. Dearborn Academy is located in this town, and was founded in 1854, being endowed with $ 15.000 by Edward Dearborn, an eminent physician, and a distinguished citizen of Seabrook. in the It is situated pleasant village commands a brook, and of Seafine view of the ocean, and the neighboring Dr. Dearborn, also left income of which is to be used for the support of the Gospel. villages. $4,000, the Hotel. * Washington House. The Savings Banks of Massachusetts get the surplus earnings of the people of mouey was this NewHampshire Savings Banks, the town would town. If the deposited in annually get from the State, over $ 1,000. First Settlers. Christopher Hus- Dow, and Thomas Philbrick, were among the first settlers. It was originally a part of Hampton, afterwards Hampsey, Joseph ton Falls, were first The and the settlements commenced about 1638, inhabitants suffered consider- bly by Indian depredations, and many prominent citizens were cruelly massacred. On one of their attacks, they killed the widow Mussey, a prominent member of the society of Friends. She was noted on account of her talent as a public speaker. They also killed Thomas Lancaster, Jonathan Green, a child of widow Benjamin Brown, and Nicholas Bond. These murders were committed in the most horrible and cruel manner. It is Weare believed that Meshech first chief magistrate the of New-Hampshire, settled within the limits of this town. Nathaniel Weare was an agent of the colony to prosecute the complaints against the royal governor, Edward Cranfield, land. and spent some time in EngHis son, Nathaniel Weare, and father of Meshech Weare was a prominent public business man. Both lived within the limits of Seabrook. Edward Gove, a member of the assembly which Cranhimby his opposition to the Cranfield government. He was arrested and convicted of high treason, sent to England and confined in the Tower of London. After remaining there three years, he was pardoned and returned to his home. Seabrook was granted to Jonathan Weare and others in field dissolved, distinguished self 1768. First Ministers. Rev. Samuel �SHARON —SHELBURNE. Perley, ordained in 1765 removed in 1775; Rev. Elias Hull, settled ; in 1779; died in 1822. North by Hampton by the Atlantic, south by Salisbury, Massachusetts, and west by South Hampton and Kensington. Area of improved land, Boundaries. Falls, east 3,320 acres. Fifteen miles south Distances. from Portsmouth, eight south-east from Exeter and forty south-east from Concord. The Eastern Railroads. Rail- road passes through the easterly section of the town and southerly direction. in a northerly SHARON. Hillsborough Countt. surface of Sharon is uneven and is suitably adapted to grazing than to grain, though there are some excellent farms under high cultivation. In the south-easterly part of the town, is a medical spring, which is frequently visited by invalids. This spring is strongly impregnated with iron and sulphur, and is noted for its healing qualities. Farming is the employment of the peo600,000 feet of lumber is an- Employments. principal ; nually sawed. Resources. soil, $ $ 3,000 terest, 135 ; 18,572 Productions of the mechanical labor, stocks and ; $ money at in- 3,300; stock in trade, $3, deposits in savings banks, $10, 855; from Schools. in ; town ; summer tourists, $2,000. There are three schools average length, for the year, fifteen weeks. Organization. originally Slip. It 24, 1791. North by PeterBoundaries. borough, east by Temple, south by New Ipswich and Rindge and west by Jaffrey. Forty-eight miles Distances. south-west from Concord, and eighteen west from Amherst. Railroads. The nearest railroad communication is at Barker's station, on the Monadnock Railroad. SHELBURNE, Coos County. Shelburne is of grand mountain scenery, not to be excelled by any town in the State. The soil, on both sides of the Androscoggin, is excellent, producing abundant crops of grain full and grass. The more ple 331 This town was Peterborough called was incorporated, June Androscoggin River Rivers. passes through the center of this town into which fall the waters of Rattle River and some smaller streams. Mountains. Moriah is the most noted elevation, and has an altitude of nearly 4,800 feet. From the top of this mountain, some of the best mountain views in the " Moses State can be obtained. Rock" is on the south side of the river, near the center of the town. It is about sixty feet high and ninety feet long, very smooth and rising at an angle of neai-ly 50°. Minerals. Lead and zinc have been found in considerable quanThe lead mine has been tities. worked with apparent success, but at present nothing is done. Shelburne presents Scenery. much wild and beautiful scenery, and many tourists spend their summer vacation here. Mount Moriah, Lead Mine Bridge, and Moses' Rock are interesting localities to visit. Employment. The inhabitants �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 332 are generally employed in farming. There is not a town in the State where farming pays any greater of proportion to the number of its inhabitants, than Shelburne. The annual value of farm products will average over $ 160 to each person in town, while the average in the whole State is about $70. Resources. Farm products, $41, State, in manufactures. profits, in money 922; at interest, mechanical labor, $ mer 1,800 $7,850; ; $ 10,000. Churches and Schools. sum- tourists, Two churches, viz. Congregational and Methodist. There are five schools average length, for the year, nine weeks. Hotel. Winthrop House. First Settlers. Benjamin and David Ingalls commenced a settlein 1775, In August ment here 1781, a party of Indians visited the town, killed one man, captured another, and returned to Canada with improved land, 3,170 acres. Distances. One hundred and thirty-three miles north River and Salmon Village. Falls River passes along northeastern border, which separates it from Maine, and is the only stream of note in town. its The village of Great Falls is situated on this river, where centres all the manufacturing and trade in town. The Great Falls Manufacturing Company power controls all the water which at this point, is rated power. This Confpany has a capital of $ 1,500,000 and employs 775 men, at 3,200 horse ; women, and 775 250 children, who annually receive for their labor, $533,000, and manufacture 19,728, 000 yards of sheetings etc., valued at $2,446,000. The improvements of machinery have largely increased their productions, but not the help The Somersworth Machine Com- their prisoner. Boundaries. North by Success, east by Riley and Gilead, Maine, south by White Mountain region, and west by Gorham. Area, 18,140 acres; its manufactured productions and trade, in the county, and ranks as the fifth town, or city, in the from Con- cord and about thirty south-east from Lancaster. Railroad. Grand Trunk Railroad passes through the town. SOMEKSWORTH. pany, iron founders and machinists, manufacture cooking, office and parlor stoves, hollow wai-e, also, all kinds of castings for mills, gas work, cast iron, steam, gas and water pipes, retorts, hydrants, &o: Capital invested, $100,000; employ 100 hands annual pay roll, ; $60,000 and producing goods, of various kinds, to the value of $ 200, 000. Great Falls Woolen Company manufacture fancy cassimeres, 6-4 goods. Capital, $ 100,000 employ 60 males 30 females pay roll, $ 36, annual productions, $ 300, 000 ; Strafford County. Somersworth is a small township, and the people are almost exclusively devoted to manufacturing, mercantile trade and professional business. Next to Dover, it is the most important town, in the value ; ; 000. Wright & Company; flour and meal; capital, $30,000; annually produce 1,000 barrels of flour and 168,000 bushels meal, valued �SOMERSWORTH. at $ 181,000,* ufactured, There are also manand spools, bobbins $35,000; harnesses, $9,500; 300, 800 pairs of sale boots and shoes, valued at $ 325,000. There are no shoe manufactories in town, but the stock, ready cut and put up in cases, is brought from out of the State to be made into boots and shoes. Perhaps a few cases come from the adjoining towns. There are bakers, confectioners, custom boot and shoe workmen, carpen- marble ters blacksmiths, painters, workers, masons, photographers, printers, tailors, and various other trades there are six church edi; two large school houses, two banks, between sixty and seventy stores, of all kinds, two hotels, seven lawyers, nine physicians and fices, various other professions. This village is located in a remarkably romantic part of the country. Nearly opposite the office of the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, and in the centre of the vilis a handsome public grove, on ground, sloping towards the lage, mills. This grove is a great resort for the inhabitants, in the warm season of the year. Nearly of trees are to be found here, such as the maple, oak, elm, chestnut, pine, etc. Many of the streets are beautifully shaded, and all varieties lined on either side with fine resi- dences and adorned with spacious yards. The cemetery about one mile from the village, and has many expensive monuments and headstones. It is a beautiful and attractive spot for mourners to spend a silent hour near those they once is * The business of the manufactories was taken from the census of 1S70, not receiving any returns from them of their present business. 333 held dear, but who now lie slumbering in the dust. Employments. As can be seen, Somersworth is a manufacturing and mercantile town. There are some very fine farms under a high state of cultivation, and the country around here is an excellent farming The district. manufacmales employed, 1,053; females and children, 1,089; annual pay roll, $715,000; tories capital invested in $ is 1,884,000 ; value of productions, $3,594,000. Resources. Annual productions of the soil, $39,980; mechanical labor, $ 715,000; stocks and money $ 157,400 deposits in at interest, ; savings banks, $361,046; stock in trade, $344,214; summer tourists, professional services, $ 10,000 ; $ 125,000. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational Rev. S. W. Webb, pastor Methodist, High street, Rev. J. W. Adams, pastor; Main Rev. F. Ryder, pastor; no pastor; pastor; street, Baptist, Freewill Baptist, no Roman Catholic, Rev. Patrick Canovan, priest. There are fourteen schools, eleven of which are graded average length of schools, for the year, thirty-four weeks; value of schoolhouses and lots, $20,500; annu ; al amount of money appropriated $ 6,783.50. The public schools have stood high in for school purposes, this town for many years. The law which provides for the union of several districts to establish graded schools, originated through the citizens of this town in securing a law for this purpose, now called the " Somersworth Act." The High School is under the James W. Dixon, struction of Principal. in- as �OO J. NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. Great Falls Manuand Village Library, 6, 000 volumes Agricultural Library, 1,000 volumes; A. Twing's prominent men. private library, 1,000 volumes. Hon. John Wentworth, was born in this town July 14, 1745, and graduated at Harvard College, Libraries. facturers, ; Banks. Great Falls National Bank, Somersworth Savings Bank, and Somersworth National Bank. (See tables.) Newspaper. nal. Great Falls Jour- (See tables.) Great Falls Hotel, and Hotels. William WentJohn Hall and William First Settlement. worth, commenced settlement within the limits of thi" town, between 1650 and 1675, but the exact date is not known. Since 1823, the village of Great Falls has been nearly all built. At that date the Great Falls Manufacturing ' a Company was tered, with a capital of prior to that time there char- $ 500,000 was only a saw and grist-mill and two Somersworth dwelling houses. was taken from Dover, and incorporated April 23, 1754. Many of the first settlers were killed or taken captive by the In- George and Matthew Ricker were ambushed and killed near Varney's Hill, Oct, 7, 1675. A Quaker by the name of Ebenezer Downs was taken captive and cardians. ried to insulted fused to tives Canada in 1724. He was and abused because he redance with the other cap- amusement of the The following year he for the savages. 1768. He was a member of the Continental Congress in the Revolution, and died January 10, 1787. Hon. Thomas Wallingford was born in Bradford, Mass., in 1697. He came Granite State House. Styles Nicholas Pike, author of the popular system ol arithmetic, was born here Oct. 6, 1745; John Wentworth, son of the was redeemed. to energetic town in the and, being business, from this early part of his in life, his a small beginning, became of the most wealthy men one in the province. Ichabod Rollins was born here He was Judge of Probate for the county of Strafford, and died January 31, 1800. Ministers. Rev. James First Pike, ordained in 1730; died in 1792. Rev. Pearson Thurston, dismissed in ordained in 1792 in 1721. ; 1812. North-east by Boundaries. South Berwick, Maine, south by Rollinsford, south-west by Dover, and north-west by Rochester area ; of improved land, 2,294 acres. Distances. Forty-five miles east from Concord, four north-east from Dover, and twelve north-east from Portsmouth. The Railroads. ties railroad facili- of Somersworth The Boston tends to this are good. & Maine branch exvillage, and the East- ern, Great Falls & Conway passes In the summer of 1710, Jabez Garland was killed and the next year Gershom Downs fella victim to their savage cruelties between Varney's and Otis Hill. This town has been the along the north-eastern border with the station at the village. It is expected that the Portsmouth and Dover Railroad will be extended to this town, forming a junction with the Great Falls and birthplace and residence of Conway many Railroad. �SOUTH HAMPTON —SOUTH SOUTH HAMPTON. Rockingham surface of this The County. town is uneven, but not rough, the land rising in gentle swells, and affords exellent pasturing and tillage. The inhabitants are noted for their proficiency in agriculture; and their enterprise, industry, and success in this department, entitles them to more credit than they claim. Amesbury and Newburyport, Mass. furnish the farmers with a good market for all their surplus products. River. Powow River passes through the western part of the town. The former water power on it, in this town, is nearly flowed out by the Salisbury Mills Company, at Amesbury. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in farming. About 350,000 feet of lumber, of various dimensions, are annually produced, and 2,000 pairs of sale shoes manufactured. Productions of the Resources. soil, $47,430; mechanical labor, $ 3,200 stocks, and money at inter; $3,275; deposits in savings banks,* $46; stock in trade, $450. Churches and Schools. Baptist, est, Rev. J. W. There Average length Searle, pastor. are three schools. cf schools, for the year, thirty-one weeks. The Barnard Academy was founded through a bequest of the late Hon. Benjamin Barnai'd, with a fund of $ 4,200. Hotel. " Central House." First Settlers. Hon. Phillips a member of the old congress, a councilor in 1792 and 1793, and for many years judge White, *A who was large portion of the surplus funds of the inhabitants, in the towns bordering on Massachusetts, finds of that State. its way into the Savings Banks NEWMARKET. 335 of probate, died June 24, 1811, aged eighty-two. The town was formed from parts of Hampton and Kingston and incorporated May 25, 1742. First Ministers. Rev. William Parsons, Congregational, ordained 1743, dismissed in 1762; Rev. Nathaniel Noyes, settled in 1763, dismissed in 1800. Boundaries. North by East Kingston and Kensington, east by Seabrook, south by Amesbury, Massachusetts, and west by Newton. Acres of improved land, 3,899. Distances. Fifty miles southeast from Concord, six south from Exeter, and eighteen south-west from Portsmouth. Railroads. Three miles to the station at Amesbury, on the Eastern Railroad, and four to East Kingston on Boston and Maine Railroad. The Exeter and Amesbury Railroad, when completed, will pass through the town. in SOUTH NEW-MARKET. Rockingham County. New-Market is South a small township, taken from New-Market, June 27, 1849. The surface is uneven, but the soil is strong, and, when properly tilled, produces excellent crops. Many of the farms are under a high state of cultivation. Rivers. Swamscot and Piscassic Rivers are the principal streams. The Swamscot is navigable for vessels of considerable burthen at high tide. The Piscassic affords some water power. Village. On a slight elevation from the Swamscot, and on the Boston and Maine Railroad, is located the pleasant and busy village of South New-Market. But few villages of its size, in the State, produce more valuable manufac- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 336 tured goods. The Swamscot Machine Company, is located in this 175 men. village, and employs There is also one other small machine shop, which does a fine business. There are four stores, two hotels, two churches, one large school house and about 100 dwellings. The main street is wide, and the buildings are neat, and some of them costly structures. Employments. South New-Market can justly be called a manufacturing town. There are annually produced 25 engines, 1,500,000 feet of gas pipe, 90 tons of brass and iron fittings, 48 steam boilers, 750 tons of iron castings, and 13 tons of brass and copper castings, besides other miscellaneous machine works, the whole being valued at There are also over $310,000. sawed 200,000 feet of lumber, besides blacksmith and other mechanical work. The total value of goods annually manufactured is $ 319,000. Agricultural Resources. ucts, $ prod- mechanical labor, stocks, and money at $38,140; 109,000 interest, ; $ 17,934; deposits in sav- ings banks, $ 46,871 ; stock in trade, $8,400. MethoChurches and Schools. Rev. H. A. Mattison, pastor; Congregational, Rev. Joseph Bart- dist, lett, pastor ; Universalist, ; Father Egan, priest. Catholic, There are four schools in town, three of which are graded. Average length of schools, for the year, thirty-one weeks amount of mon; ey annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 1,285.31. Hotels. " "Shute House," and Elm House." First Settlement ter. See Exeter. and First Minis- Boundaries. North by NewMarket, east by Stratham, south by Exeter, and west by Epping. Area, about 6,000 acres; area of improved land, Distances. 3,330 acres. Thirty-six miles south-east from Concord, twelve west from Portsmouth, and four north from Exeter. Railroads. Boston and Maine Railroad passes through the town in a northerly and southerly direction, and the Portsmouth and Concord in an easterly and westerly direction. SPRINGFIELD. Sullivan County. The soil of town is strong and produces this good crops of corn, oats and potatoes. Rivers and Ponds. It is watered by branches of Black water and Sugar Rivers, affording some very good water privileges. There are several ponds, viz., Station Pond, Cilley Pond, Star, Stony and Morgan Ponds. Station Pond is the largest body of water, and is 250 rods long and about 140 wide. The people are Employments. principally engaged in agriculture. 550,000 shingles and 350,000 feet of &c, are annually sawed. (See tables.) Resources. Productions of the boards, $72,552; mechanical labor, $1,200; stock in trade, "$2,700; deposits in savings banks, $ 19, soil, 667. Churches and Schools. Christian Church, Rev. Lorenzo Bailey, pastor. There are thirteen school and eleven schools. Aver- districts age length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. First Israel Settlers. Clifford, Israel Clifford, jr., Nathaniel �STARK — STEWAIITSTOWN. Clark, and Samuel Stevens settled here in 1772. Early Minister. Rev. Job Cnshsettled here in 1825, dismis- man, sed in 1828. 38 miles north-west Distances. from Concord, and 13 north-east from Newport. Boundaries. North by Grafton, east by Wilmot, south-east by New London, south by Sunapee and Croydon, and west by Croydon and Grantham. Area, 28,300 acres. The nearest railroad West Andover, on the Northern (N. H.) Railroad. The Railroads. station is at public conveyance to this depot is by stage. STARK. The ucts, 860,038; S 26,200 868; $ ; mechanical labor, at interest, § 15, money ; deposits 1,650 337 in savings banks, stock in trade, $ 20,700. MethoChurches and Schools. Elder Amos Merrill, pastor. There are seven schools. Average length of schools, for the year, twelve weeks. dist, Caleb and First Settlements. Benjamin Smith settled here in 1788. This town was originally called "Piercey,'''' and incorporated by that name January 9, 1795, but was changed to its present name to compliment the memory of General John Stark, who died May The town was incorpo8, 1822. rated, Dec. 28, 1832. the soil is rich and productive, yielding good crops of grain and Boundaries. North by Stratford and Odell, east by Dummer and Milan, south by Kilkenney, and west by Northumberland. Area grass. 20,000 acres. Coos Couxty. broken and hilly. surface is In the valleys In the north-east part of the town, the north and south branches of the Ammonoosuc River form a junction. Nash's stream, flowing from Stratford, falls into this river in the north part of the town. Piercey's Pond is in the Rivers. Distances. caster. Railroad. Mill Mountain Stark, also a part of Pilot in Moun- Near Mill Mountain Rail- STEWARTSTOWX. is a singular ledge called the " DeviVs Sliding place." On the south side, it breaks abruptly into a precipice of nearly three hundred feet, while on the north, cattle may be driven to its top. Employments. Agriculture is the principal business of the people. There are several very extensive lumber mills in town, annually producing five or six millions feet of lumber of all kinds. Resources. Agricultural prod- tain. Grand Trunk road passes through the north portion of the town. east part. Mountains. One hundred and miles north from Concord, and ten north-east from Lan- forty-five is Coos County. The surface of Stewartstown is uneven and broken with hills, but the soil is deep and fertile, and produces giod crops of barley, rye, potatoes and hay. Rivers and Ponds. It is well watered by Bishop's Brook. Deadwater and Mohawk Rivers furnish Hall's excellent water power. Stream unites with the Connecticut river, at this place, which passes western border. Great and Little Diamond Ponds, are the along its largest bodies of water. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 338 Employments. Agriculture principal ple, is the employment of the peo- although manufacturing is car- ried on to a considerable extent. 150 tons potato starch are annually made, 6,000 yards of full cloth, yards of flannel and 2,000 yards of tweed, are annually manufactured, 100,000 clapboards, 250, 000 shingles, and 1,940,000 feet of boards, &c, are sawed annually. 7,000 bushels of grain ground, besides other mechanical shops. The total value of goods manufactured, 3,000 is $ 11,665 acres. Distances. By stage Besources. Productions of the $60,638; mechanical labor, §13,300; money at interest, $21, 800; deposits in savings banks, $ 109 stock in trade, $ 9,750. Churches and Schools. Christian soil, ; Church, Rev. George Leach, pastor: Congregational Church, at West Stewartstown, Rev. W. F. Morrill, pastor. There are eleven school districts and ten schools Average length of in town. schools for the year, eighteen weeks. Hotel. Coos House. First Settlements. The original Stewartstown were Sir George Cockburn, Sir George Colman, John Stewart, and John of and cars, one hundred and seventy-six miles north from Concord, and forty north-east from Lancaster. By stage twice a Railroads. week to North Stratford station, nineteen miles, on the Grand Trunk Railroad. STOOD AliD. Cheshire County. face of Stoddard 59,400. grantees west by Canaan, Vermont. Area, 23,040 acres, area improved land, The is hilly, sur- but the soil is deep and fertile, and yields good crops of corn, barley, potatoes and hay. This town is situated on the height of land, between the Connecticut and Merrimack rivers. The location of some houses is on one such, that the rain falling side of the house, falls into the Connecticut, while that falling on the other, runs into the Merri- mack river. Bivers and Ponds. The south branch of Ashuelot River is the principal stream and has its source near the center of the town. Branch River is a considerable stream, and the two rivers afford some excellent water power. Is- The first settlement was commenced prior to the revolution, but, after the war broke out, it was abandoned. During the war of 1812, a block house, or fort, was land Pond, studded with small islands, covers about three hundred acres, and is the largest body of water in town. Long Pond, lying partly in this town and erected for the defence of a com- Washington, is and was occupied was origanlly called Stewart, but was incorpoi'ated under its present name, December of water. Nelson. pany of till militia, 1814. It 24, 1799. Boundaries and Area. North by Pittsburg and Clarksville, east by Dixville, south by Colebrook, and Employments. the principal partly in a beautiful sheet Agriculture is employment of the people, although manufacturing is carried on quite extensively. 30, 000 shingles and 700,000 feet of boards &c, are sawed annually. Glass bottles to the value of % 40, �STRAFFORD. 000 are manufacturer!.* and and 80,000 tubs boxes of clothes pins are annually made. Also nearly 11,000 pounds of maple sugar are manufactured. Granite of a fine quality is wrought to a pails, 17,000 considerable extent. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, soil, $46,404; $ 30,600 stocks, and money at interest, § 16,904; deposits in savings ; banks, $38,937; $ stock trade, in 11,865. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational Church, Rev. F. Jones, 339 1803; died July man ers, 9, 1854. He was a powand of untiring energy and of remarkable mental perseverance. A Congregational Church was organized Sept. 4, 1787. Boundaries and Area. North by Washington, east by Windsor and Antrim, south by Nelson, and west by Sullivan, Gilsum and Marlow. Area, 25,925 acres area of im proved land 12,897 acres. Distances. Forty miles southwest from Concord, and fifteen north-east from Keene. ; Railroads. By stage, sixteen pastor. miles, to Peterborough station, tricts the There are nine school disand seven schools in town average length, year, the for eighteen weeks. Stoddard Town LiLibrary. brary, 500 volumes. Central House, and Hotels. Week's Hotel. town and to Colonel Samson Stoddard and others, and received its present name from Colonel Stoddard. It was first settled by John Taggard, Reuben Walton, Alexander Scott, James Mitchell, The privaand others, in 1769. tions and hardships of John Taggard and his family were severe. Their grain was procured at PeFirst This Settlements. was formerly was granted wilderness. At one time, for six days, they had nothing but the flesh of the Moose to subsist on. porated Nov. 4, 1774. Incor- Rev. Abishai dismissed Rev. Isaac Robinson, D. First Ministers. Colton, settled in 1793 ; STRAFFORD. Stkafford County. face of Strafford is The sur- broken and un- and the north-west part mountainous, but the soil is deep and fertile and yields large crops of corn, oats wheat, barley, and even, potatoes. Rivers and Ponds. Bow Pond, the largest body of water in town, lies in the south-west part, is 650 rods long, and 400 wide, and is the source of the principal branch of Isinglass River, which furnishes abundant water power. Wild Goose Pond lies between this town and Pittsfield, and Trout Pond west of the Blue Hills. Mountains. The range of moun- in which have a considerable altitude, known as the "Blue These works are not in operation at the Hills," lies in the north-west part in 1795. D., (Congregational,) settled * Cheshire Railroad, and twelve to Hillsborough Bridge station, on the Contoocook Valley Railroad. When completed, the Greenfield and Forest Line Railroad will pass through this town. called Limerick, terborough, a distance of about twenty miles, and carried by him on his back through the pathless on Monadnock Railroad; fifteen miles to Keene station, on the present time. tains of the town. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 340 Employments » The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. Considerable attention is paid to and town. 600,000 shingles and 475, 000 feet of boards &c, are annually produced, and about 35,000 pairs of sale shoes annually made. Resources. Productions of the mechanical labor, soil, $ 123.672; $28,900; 700; $ stocks and 6,975 at in- ; from summer $63,175; $ money stock in trade, $ 4, deposits in savings banks, terest, tourists, 2,000. Churches and There Schools. are four churches in town. will Baptist, Rev. C. C. FreeFoster, pastor; Rev. N. C. Lathrope, Rev. William Rogers, Rev. D. S. Quint, residents. Austin Academy at Centre Strafford, is a fine and prosperous institution for learning. G. C. McClellan is the Principal, School year begins February 27. School Library 50 volumes. First Minister. Rev. "William Sanders, ordained in 1822. Literary Institution. Organization. Strafford originally a part of was Barrington, and was incorporated June 17, 1820, Hotel. Bow Lake House. Boundaries. Bounded northeast by Farmington, south-east by Barrington, south-west by Northwood and Pittsfleld, and northwest by Barnstead. Area, 29,000 acres; improved land, 14,911 acres. Distances. Thirty miles north- from Concord, and fifteen north-west from Dover. Railroads. Ten miles to Rochester station on the Portland and Rochester Railroad. The Concord east when Railroad, town. STRATFORD. the raising of stock, and some very fine horses and cattle are found in this Rochester completed,' will pass through this Coos County. This town ex- tends along the Connecticut River for a distance of ten miles. The interval varies from one quarter, to a mile in width, and is very fertile, producing fine crops of corn, The soil on the upoats and hay. lands is rocky, and more suitable for pasturage than tillage. Streams. Besides the Connecticut, which washes its western border, is Nash's Stream which waters the south-east part, and discharges its waters into the Ammonoosuc and Bog Brook the western part, and runs into the ; Connecticut. Elevations. In the south-east part of the town, are two mountains, of a conical form, called " Stratford or Pearcy Peaks." These peaks are seen as far south as Dalton, nearly thirty miles distant. Employments. Agriculture is the general vocation of the inhab- but there are some manuThere are three lumber mills, annually sawing 1,000,000 feet of boards and dimension timber, valued at $ 12,000; two starch mills producing 65 tons of starch, $ 5,800 clothes pins $ 14,000 meal, $ 8,000 bobbins, $ 4,000 besides blacksmiths, shoe workmen, harness maker, machinist, millinery, &c. Total value of goods, annually manufactured, $ 55,900. Productions of the Resources. "mechanical labor, soil, $ 70,534 itants, factories. ; ; ; ; ; $ 14,600 ; money at interest $ 25, 599; stock in trade, $25,612; deposits in savings banks, from summer tourists, $ $ 235 8,000. �341 STRATHAM. At Stratford Hollow there is one church, a school house, three stores, a hotel, post office, express office and one physician. At North Stratford, there is one church, one school house, five stores, of all three hotels, a post office, express office, and two physicians. one hundred and fifty-seven miles north from Concord. The Grand Trunk Railroad. Railroad passes through this town, on its western border. STR AT HAITI. kinds, Churches and Schools. Methodist, Rev. Leander Moulton, pastor; Baptist, Rev. J. C. Sanborn, pastor. There are nine schools in town average length, for the year, eighteen weeks. ; Hollow StratAt North Stratford, Hotels. Stratford ford House. ; American House, Willard House, and Percy House. Isaac JohnFirst Settlement. son, James Curtis, James Brown, Josiah Lampkins, and Archippus Blodgett commenced the first settlement, some time before the commencement of the war of the revobeing, lution, the population Thonias Burnside, in 1775, 41. of this town, was one" of Rogers Rangers, in the French war. He made a personal application to 1 Governor Wentworth, at Portsmouth, to be appointed a Justice of the Peace, stating to the Governor, that his neighbor (the only in- habitant in town, besides himself,) was not fit to till the office, neither would he give satisfaction to his His plausible argutownsman. ment prevailed, and he was appointed Peace in the this incoi'porated, first town. of Justice Stratford November, 16, was 1779. Boundaries. North by Colum11 or ungrantbia, east by "Odell, ed lands, south by Stark and Northumberland and west by Vermont. Area of improved land, 6,354 acres. Distances. Twenty miles north from Lancaster by railroad, and Rockingham County. surface of Stratham The level, the is is rich and very productive, producing excellent crops. This town is noted for its extensive Connurseries of fruit trees. siderable attention is paid to the raising of all kinds of fruit, and it ranks as the third town in the county in the value of apples produced. The farmers find a ready market, at fair prices, for their surplus productions, at Exeter and Portsmouth. But few farming communities are more prosperous and wealthy than are the farmers of Stratham. Large quantities of peat are found in the swamps. Elevations. Stratham Hill is the principal elevation in town. From its summit an extensive prospect is afforded of the surrounding soil country, including the White Mountains, Great Bay, and the Ocean. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agriculture. 168, 100 feet of lumber, of all kinds, are annually produced. Productions of the Resources. soil, S 111,608; mechanical labor, $ 2,700 stocks and money at inter; $43,500; deposits in savings banks, $65,850; stock in trade, est, $4,575. Churches and Schools. Congre- gational Church, Rev. A. B. Peabody, pastor; Baptist Church, Rev. M. B. Laning, Christian Church, Baptist Church, ; . pastor; Freewill There aro �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 342 four in schools length, for town; the year, average thirty-two weeks. was granted others, Benjamin to February 12, Population, in 1870, five. Distances. 143 miles north-east from Concord, and 30 east from Lancaster. 1773. First Settlements. The exact time of the settlement of Stratham, is not known, but it contained thirty-five families in 1697, and was incor- porated March 20, 1716, it was formerly a part of Swamscot Patent, or Hilton's Purchase. Rev. Henry First Ministers. Rust, ordained in 1718; died in 1749. Rev. Joseph Adams, settled in 1756 died in 1783. Rev. James Miltemore, settled in 1786; left ; in 1807. North-east by Boundaries. Greenland, east by Greenland and North-Hampton, south by Exeter, and west by Exeter and South Newmarket. Area, 10,120 acres; area of improved land, 7,151 acres. Distances. Forty-three miles south-east from Concord, and three east-north-east from Exeter. Railroad. Concord and Ports- mouth Railroad passes through this It Mackay, and town. This Cheshire County. The soil of town is good, well cultivated, and very productive. The inhab- this itants are intelligent, industrious and prosperous. River and Ponds. Ashuelot River waters the south-east part of the town. Bolster and Chapman's Ponds are the principal bodies of water. There is a reservoir of an area of over one hundred acres, and twelve feet deep, which furnishes some fine water power. There are other good water privileges still unimproved. Employments. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in farming. Keene furnishes a good market for their products. About 600,000 feet of dimension timber is annually There are some small sawed. SUCCESS. Coos County. SULLIVAN. is a cold, rugged township, lying north of the White mountains. In 1870, there were but forty acres of improved land, four horses, seven cattle, and fourteen sheep in town. The soil is hard to cultivate and the only redeeming quality is the lumber, which may some day be brought to market. The south part of the town is mountainous. Rivers. Narmarcungawuck and Live Rivers rise here, and pass westerly into the Androscoggin. Boundaries. North by Cambridge, east by Maine, south by Shelburne and west by Berlin and Milan. Area, 30,000 acres. manufactories, where chair stock, flour buckets, hoops, &c. are pro- duced. (See tables.) Agricultural prodResources. $56,088; mechanical labor, $6,000; money at interest, $32, 144; deposits in savings banks, ucts, $ 46,741 ; stock in trade, $ 5,152. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. Joseph Fassett, pas- There are five school districts and four schools in this town. Average length of schools, for the tor. year, eighteen weeks. First Town van received Organization. its name from Sulli- Presi- dent Sullivan, the chief Magistrate of New-Hampshire, at the time of its incorporation, (Sept. 27, 1787.) �SUNAPEE. 343 Boundaries. North by Gilsum and Stoddard, east by Stoddard Nelson, and Harrisville, south by Roxbury and Keene, and west by Keene and Gilsum. Area, 15, 666 acres; improved land, 7,514 There are three small ponds having an area of 300 acres. Employments. A majority of the people are engaged in farming, acres. bor, about Forty-six miles Distances. south-west from Concord, and six north-west from Keene. Railroad. Keene station, on Cheshire Railroad. from the railway station, is a fine manufacturing village, and the principal settlement in town. In this village, with a few mills in SUNAPEE. Sullivan County. sur- soil in some when is uneven, the erable and valuable. other sections of the town, are annually manufactured 950 dozen 1,500 dozen fork and hoe handles, 6,000 gross of clothes pins, 10,000 bushels of shoe pegs, 46 tons of starch. Machine shop receipts, properly cultivated, yields excelGranite of the best found in abundance in ue of $ two paster shops produce $6,500, lent crops. quality is various sections of the town. It is quarried, in considerable quantities, to supply the market in this section of the State. Lake, Streams and Ponds. far the largest portion of Lake By Sunapee within the limits of this surface of the lake, contains about 4,100 acres, of which 2,720 acres are in Sunapee. town. At the Hartwo and a half miles hames, The parts rocky, but strong, and, face but the manufactories are consid- lies The At Sunapee Harbor is the outlet of the lake, which is the principal source of Sugar River, which flows inner-soles and stiffeners to the val19,500. Also 1,050,000 shin- and 750,000 feet of boards and dimension timber, 8,000 sides of leather, 7,000 of splits and 2,500 bushels of meal and flour are angles, nually produced. are The Besides, there small manufactories. total value of manufactured other goods, is $ 117,500. There are also, in the village, four or five stores of various kinds, one hotel, two churches, school-house, post-office, and about fifty dwelling houses. At George's mills, there is quite a through the centre of the town. little The Productions of the $56,475; labor, $28,300; money at interest, $ 15,726 deposits in savings banks, $29,989; stock in outlet of the lake is controlled by a stone dam, and regulated by gates, capable of holding or with- drawing ten water on the surface of the lake. It has never been found necessary to test the full feet of capacity of this valuable reser- From the lake, for a distance of nearly two miles, the river has a rapid descent and furnishes voir. some of the finest water power in the State, part of which is utilized with valuable manufactories, but much remains still unimproved. settlement. Resources. soil, ; trade, $ 6,462. Churches and Schools. Methodist, Rev. John H. Hillman, pas- There are two Union ChurchThere are nine schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. " Lake House." Hotel. First Setlleme?its. The town was originally granted by the name of tor. es. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 344 Seville to John Sprague and others, It was incor7, 1768. November porated under the name of Wen- honor of one of the principal proprietors, John Wendell, April, 4, 1781. It was changed to dell, in Sunapee, (the name of the lake and mountain,) in June, 1850. The first came from Rhode settlers Island in 1772. First Church. A Congregational Church was incorporated, June 24, 1819. Rev. A. Woodward was the first minister. Boundaries. North by Springfield, east by New London and Newbury, southerly by Goshen, and west by Newport and Croydon. Area, 15,000 acres improved ; land, 8,627 acres. Distances. Thirty-seven miles north-west from Concord, and six east from Newport. valued at $ 10,300. There are two blacksmiths and one wheelwright shop also one store, a hotel, and ; two churches. MethoChurches and Schools. dist, Rev. Mr. Parker, pastor UniThere are versalist, : . four schools, average length, for the year, twenty weeks. Hotel. at Carpenter House, valued $ 5,000. Productions of the $46,375; mechanical labor, $3,900; stocks and money at interest, $ 12,320 deposits in savings banks, $30,160; stock in trade, Resources. soil, ; $ 6,428. First Settlement, Surry was severed from Gilsum and Westmoreland, and incorporated under its present name, May 9th, 1769. Peter Haywood commenced the first settlement, in 1764. He be- The Sugar River gan clearing and cultivating his Railroad passes through the southern section of the town. land the year previous, making his Railroads. is Keene, At were hostile and lurking through the woods in at the fort, in that time, the Indians SURRY. Cheshire County. home This town the vicinity; but he passed daily small, both in territoi'y and pop- from the fort to his farm, having for his guard his trusty gun and his faithful dog: he acted as mon- but the inhabitants are prosperous and many of them are quite wealthy, for a farming community. The intervals on the Ashuelot River are fertile and very valuable, extending nearly through the town, from north to south. On the east side of the river is an abrupt mountain, of considerable height, upon the top of which is a pond, having an area of three acres, and a depth of about twentyulation, five feet. Employments. The inhabitants are generally engaged in agriculture. About 138,000 shingles and 550,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed, itor to give the alarm, whenever the wiley savage dared approach. First Ministers. Rev. David, Darling, (Congregational) ordain- ed in 1779, dismissed in 1783. Rev. Perley Howe, ordained in 1795. Boundaries. North by Walpole and Alstead, east by Gilsum, south by Keene, and west by Westmoreland and Walpole. Area, 12,212 acres; area of improved land, 6,300 acres. Fifty - two miles Distances. south-west from Concord, and six north-west from Keene. �SUTTON. Railroad. By stage three times a week, to Keene railway station. SUTTON". fied with soil in hills many is Agriculture is sur- 5,200 bushels of grain is ground, and valleys. portions of the The town Ponds and Rivers. There are several ponds; the largest is Ke- Pond about church, school house uneven, diversi- being fertile. Considerable interval land may be found along the branches of Warner and Blackwater rivers which produce grass and grain in abundance. zar's tories, stores, and post office. Employments. the principal pursuit of the people, but there is some manufacturing. Merrimack County. The face of Sutton 345 190 rods square and Long Pond which is one mile long and seventy rods wide. The south branch of Warner River enters the town on the south, and the northerly branch passes nearly through the center from north to south, and furnishes good water power. There is some fine interval on this branch. A large branch of Blackwater has its source along the western base of Kearsarge mountain. Mountain. A large portion of Kearsarge Mountain lies in this town. Hundreds visit it in the summer months, and climb to its summit to view the fine and varied scenery, which it affords. King's Hill is situated in the west part. The most elevated part of this hill, rises within a few feet as high as Kearsarge, and affords some delightful and extensive landscape views. Minerals. Granite of an excellent quality is found here. Plumbago is obtained in considerable quantities. At the foot of King's clay of superior quality is found. There are several small villages in different sections of the hill, town, having each some manufac- 60,000 clapboards, 200,000 shingles and laths, and 570,000 feet of boards are annually sawed, valued at $ 9,200. There are also an excelsior mill, blacksmith and shoe shops, carpenters, painters, &c. The total amount of goods of all kinds annually manufactured, is valued at $37,800. Productions of the Resources. soil, $68,532; mechanical labor, $ 12,400; stocks, and money at indeposits in sav$ 26,976 ings banks, $ 37,464 stock in trade, $ 11,275. Churches and Schools. Advent, Rev. Frank Nelson, pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Edwin Smith, pastor; South Sutton, Rev. I. Smith, pastor; Universalist, terest, ; ; . There are fourteen schools average length for the year, seventeen weeks. First Settlement. Sutton was granted by the Masonian proprieIt was called Perrystown, from Obadiah Perry, one of Daniel the original proprietors. Peaslee first settled here in 1767, and was followed by others soon after. The first settlers found sufficient evidence to show that it was once the haunt of the red man. Hearths skillfully laid with stone, gun barrels, stone pestles, mortars, tomahawks, arrow heads &c, were frequently found. On the bank of Kezar's pond, an Indian burial tors in 1749. was also discovered. The town was incorporated, April 13, place 1784. First Minister. Rev. Samuel �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 346 Ambros, (Bap.) ordained in 1782, siderable extent, the facilities for branch of industry being su- dismissed in 1795. Boundaries. North by NewLondon and Wilniot, east by Wilmot and Warner, south by Warner and Bradford, and west by Newbury. Area, 24,300 acres; of this improved land, manufacture, annually, 76,400 yards beaver cloth. * A blanket factory, manufacturing 28,000 yards blanket cloth, a matress factory, 8,673 acres. By and rail- road, thirty miles north from Con- Distances. stage cord. The Concord and Railroad. Claremont Railroad passes through the southern border of the town near Warner. Five miles to Bradford station. SWANZEV. Cheshire County. face of this town is consisting of hills, swells of upland. The sur- diversified, and valleys The soil conabout of three varities, in equal proportions, interval plain and upland. The first named yields excellent crops of grass the plains produce corn, rye and other grains in abundance, and the strong and deep soil of the upland affords good pasturage, orcharding sists ; and woodland. Rivers and Ponds. a good prospect of the enlargements of old, as well as the erection of new manufac- perior, with tories. The Stratton Mills Company making $ 15,000 worth matresses. Also 210,000 packing and candy boxes, 32,400 buckets, 305,000 pails, 39,600 toy pails, and various other small articles, are annually made. Total value of goods, annually manufactured, $ 351,000. Resources. Productions of the soil, $93,081; mechanical labor, $ 88,400 terest, $ ; stocks, 17,750 ; and money at in- deposits in savings banks, $98,038; stock in trade, $ 13,100; from summer tourists, $ 800 professional services, $ 25, ; 000. Churches and Schools. Baptist Church, Rev. E. J. Emery, pastor; Congregational Church, Rev. Charles Willey, pastor; Universalist, Church, There are average thirteen schools in town length, for the year, nineteen weeks value of school houses $ 10, . Ashuelot River, the principal stream, passes through Swanzey in a south-west direction, and empties into the Connecticut at Hinsdale. The South Branch River unites with the Ashuelot about a mile north from the center of the town. Great ; ; 400. Library. School District LibraNo. 9, 450 volumes. ry, in district Hotels. West Swanzey Hotel, and Elm House. principal bodies of water. Pond and Lock's Pond are tho Hypon- first Massachusetts granted Swanzey, in 1733, to First Settlements. eco Brook formerly afforded ex- sixty-four persons. cellent trout fishing. visional line being settled, Employments. Agriculture is a lucrative employment, the excellent soil affording the farmers am- granted by New-Hampshire, July Until its being granted 2, 1753. ple returns for their labor. Manufactures are carried on to a con- by the * The latter State, it state di- was it was called Recently burnt, but will probably be rebuilt. �TAMWOKTH. Lower Ashuelot, from the Indian name Ashaelock. The inhabitants from Indian suffered severely depredations from 1741 to 1747. Several were killed and many were taken prisoners. During this trying period, Massachusetts, un- Swanzey der whose jurisdiction, 347 TAMWORTH. Carroll County. The surface of Tamworth is uneven, and broken with hills and valleys, but the soil is deep and fertile, and suitably adapted to grazing and tillage. Tamworth is undoubtedly one of the best grazing and fruit towns had been for thirteen years, with- drew her tlers were protection, sixth left value of and the setdefenceless, and ex- posed to the fury of the savages. It being necessary to abandon the in the State. town and the its It in ranks as the the county, in agricultural products, first in its pro- fruit But one other town in ductions. many settlement, the inhabitants collect- . the ed together their furniture and household goods, and concealed them in the ground. We can hardly conceive the emotions of pounds of maple sugar as Tamworth. There are many fine farms under a high state of culti- were compelled to leave behind those happy homes; scarcely had they begun their wearisome and perilous jour- The scenery in and around Tamworth is grand, beautiful and romantic and it is fast becoming one of these pioneers as they ney, when the Indians set fire to the houses, and with one exception After a periall were destroyed. county produces as vation. the fashionable resorts for tourists. summer It is estimated that 500 tourists spend a few months, in the warm over weeks or season of the od of three years, the settlers returned, and the arduous task of rebuilding was commenced. First Ministers. Rev. Timo- camp River, which passes through the town in an easterly direction, thy Harrington, (Congregational,) and empties into Ossipee Lake. Rev. Swift River rises in the north-west corner, and meanders through the center, and discharges its waters into those of Bearcamp and Conway River proceeding from Conway Pond, in Albany, passes through the south-east coi'ner of the town, and mingles its waters with those of the Bearcamp River. These are the principal streams and afford some excellent water power which is impx*oved to some extent. Mountains. There are no mountains lying wholly in the limits of this town, but on the northern bor der are the mountains of Albany, and part of Ossipee Mountains are settled in 1741 ; left in 1747. Ezra Carpenter, settled in 1753; Rev. Edward Goddard, settled in 1769 dismissed in 1798. Rev. Clark Brown, dismissed in 1769. ; settled in 1810; dismissed in 1815. Boundaries and Area. North by Keene, east by Marlborough and Troy, south by Richmond, and west by Winchester and Chesterfield. Area, 28,057 acres; improved land, 11,259 acres. Distances. Sixty miles south- west from Concord, and six south from Keene. Railroad. Ashuelot Railroad passes through this town, in a northerly and southerly direction. year, in this pleasant town. Rivers. It is well watered by Bear- ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 348 included within southern bor- its Lead ore and argen- Minerals. tiferous galena are found in several localities, in small quantities. There are three small Villages. villages in different sections of the town, with a stores, which destroyed almost all and nearly reduced them to starvation. "But they were like all the early pioneers of Old New-Hampshire, a brave, hardy enterprising people, and amidst all their trouble and discouragement, they firmly resolved not to abandon the settlement. They frequently killed a deer, bear, or some other wild animal and thus they were enabled to sustain themselves and frosts their crops, der. post-office, one or two a school house and some mechanical shops. Agriculture Employments. is employment of the the principal people, although manufacturing is families until carried on quite extensively. 1, permanent 135,000 feet of lumber, of all kinds, is annually sawed $ 32,600 worth of spools, 2,000 dozens of rakes, 300 dozens fork handles, 3,000 sides of leather, and marble work to the value of $ 5,000 are annually produced. The total value of goods, annually manufactured, is ; $81,375. Annual production Resources. of the soil $ 106, 199 labor $ 16,000 ; interest, $ mechanical stocks and money at 15,975; ; deposits in sav- ings banks, $8,553; stock in trade, $ $ 13,057 ; from summer tourists 10,000. Churches and Schools. CongreH. Riddle, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. J. S. Run- gational, Rev. S. nals, pastor ; Methodist, . There are nineteen school districts and seventeen schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, twelve weeks. Hotel Gilman House. First Settlement. Tamworth was granted to John Webster, Jonathan Moulton and others, October 14. 1766. It was first settled by Richard Jackman, Jonathan Choate, David Philbrick and William Eastman, in 1771. The early settlers endured great hardships and privations occasioned by early they could secure relief. The town was incorporated October 14, 1766. First Church. A Congregational Church was organized and Rev. Samuel Hidden ordained as its pastor, September 12, 1792. He was greatly beloved and esteemed by the people of Tamworth and the surrounding towns. He was ordained on a large flat rock, capable of seating fifty people. A witness of this novel ordination says "Early in the morning the people assembled around the rock, men, women, boys and girls, together with dogs and other domestic animals. It was an entire forest about the rock. The scenery was wild. On the north is a high hill, and north of this is Chocorua's lofty peak, which seemingly touches the heavens. On the south, and in all directions are mountains, steep and rugged. I had expected to have heard the howling of the wolf, and the screeching of the owl but instead of these, were heard the melting notes of the robin, and the chirping of the sparrow and other ; birds, that the forest seem Mr. Hidden died 1837, and in the forty- make like Paradise." February 13, sixth year of his ministry. Boundaries. North by Albany, by Madison, south by Ossipee, east * �TEMPLE —THORNTON. and west by Sandwich. Total area, improved land, 15,304 acres. 28,917; north miles Sixty Distances. from Concord, and six north from Ossipee. Great Railroads. Conway Railroad Falls and passes through one corner of the town, but the nearest station is by daily stage to West Ossipee station, four miles, on the Great Falls and Conway Railroad. When completed it is expected that the Meredith and Conway, and Portland and Rutland Railroads will pass through some portion of 349 gational, Rev. S. D. Clark, pastor. There are four schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, twenty one weeks. "Central House." Hotel. First Temple Organization. was formed from the easterly portion of what was originally It called "Peterborough Slip." was incorpoi'ated, First Ministers. August 26, 1768. Rev. Samuel Webster, (Congregational,) ordained in 1771 died in 1778. Rev. Noah Miles, ordained in 1782; died ; in 1831. North by Greenand Lyndeborough, east by Lyndeboi'ough and Wilton, south by Greenville and New-Ipswich, and west by Sharon and PeterborBoundaries. Tamworth. field TEMPLE. Hillsborough County. The town is uneven, but surface of this is of a good quality, and, properly cultivated, returns fine crops to the husbandman. Mountains and Streams. Temple Mountains extend along the the soil when western and north-western border of the town. From the summit of these mountains an extensive and delightful view of the surrounding From country can be obtained. the highest point of elevation, in a clear atmosphere, over twenty church edifices may be seen by the naked eye. The several streams Area, 13,400 acres. Forty miles southwest from Concord, and twelve ough. Distances. west from Amherst. Mail conve}*ance to Railroad. Wilton railway station; distance, Peterborough and seven miles. Shirley railroad, four miles. THOK.vrOlV. Grafton County. The surface broken and uneven, but the soil is deep and fertile, and, when properly cultivated, produces of Thornton is riv- fine crops of corn, barley, potatoes Wilton, have their rise among these mountains. The inhabitants Employments. are generally engaged in agricul- &c. Along the rivers are some good interval lands. Rivers and Ponds. This town is watered by the Pemigewassett river, which passes in a southerly direction through the town, also, by Mad river, passing through the which flow er, into the Souhegan at ture. About 200.000 feet of lumber are annually sawed. Productions of the Resources. mechanical labor, soil, $71,721; $ 1,700 ; stocks, bonds and money deposits in interest, $7,950; savings banks, $54,519; stock in at trade, $ 1,500. Churches and Schools. Congre- south-easterly corner into Campwhere it joins the Pemige- ton, wassett, and by several other small streams, which afford some good water power. On Mill Brook is a beautiful cascade, the water fall- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 350 ing off a rock forty-two feet per- Farming is the employment of the peoOver 32,000 pounds of ma- Employments. principal ple. ple sugar annually manufactur- gewassett Valley Railroad pass through this town. will 15,000 clapboards, 90,000 shin- ed. gles is Ten miles by stage Plymouth station on the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad. When completed, the PemiRailroads. to pendicularly. and 250,000 soil, $ $ 3,600 104,527 ; feet of boards, etc., Belknap County. are sawed. Resources. Productions of the ; mechanical labor, stocks and money at inter- $2,300; deposits in savings banks, $ 3,086 stock in trade, $ 6, est, ; 105; from summer tourists, $8, 000. Churches and Schools. Christian Church, Rev. D. A. Smith, pastor; Freewill Baptist Church, Rev. John Pettengill, pastor. There are eleven schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, twelve weeks. Grafton House, Union Hotels. House. First Settlements. Thornton was granted to Matthew, James and Andrew Thornton, and others, July 6, 1763. It was first settled by Benjamin Hoit, in 1770. Incorporated November 8, 1781. Rev. ExperiFirst Ministers. ence Esterbrooks, settled 1780, dismissed 1781. Rev. Noah Worcester, D. D., ordained 1787, dismissed 1810. A Congregational Church was organized August 10, 1780. NorthBoundaries and Area. by ungranted lands and east Waterville, south-east by Watersouth by ville and Sandwich, Campton, west by Ellsworth and north-west by Woodstock and Lincoln. Area, 28,490 acres; improved land, 13,462 acres. miles Distances. Fifty-eight north from Concord, and twelve north from Plymouth, Tilton was disannexed from Sanbornton and incorporated into a separate town, in July, 1869. The surface is generally uneven, being diversified with hills and valleys. Some of the hills are quite elevations, but nearly all of them can be cultivated to their summits. The soil, throughout the town, is good, producing excellent crops of corn, oats and hay. River. Winnipiseogee River runs along its eastern and southern limits, and furnishes in its passage some valuable waterpower, a portion of which is improved. Part of Lake Winnisquam lies in the northern section; also Little Bay on the eastern side of the town. Indians. At the head of Little Bay, on the Winnipiseogee, are to be seen the remains of what is supposed to have been an Indian fort. It consisted of six walls one extending along the river and across the point into the bay, and the others in right angles, connected by a circular wall in the rear. When the first settlers came were breast-high, and large oaks were growing within their enclosure. Most of the stones which composed this wall, have been removed to build a dam thrown across the river at here, these walls this place. Numerous Indian rel- have been found within this fort; which shows conclusively ics �351 TILTON. once resided, in this powerful tribe of Indians, of whose former existence all traces will soon be obliterated, by time and the progress of civi- was lization. many there that vicinity, a On the Winnipiseoforms the boundai'j Villages. gee, line where it between this town and North- field, is ton situated the village of Tilcalled " Sanborn- —formerly ton Bridge". This village is on both sides of the river, and is connected by several bridges. Here are three woolen mills, one cotton mill, a saw and a grist mill, two church edifices, two school-houses New-Hampshire (one graded), Conference Seminary and Female College, two banks, twelve or fifteen stores, of various kinds, one hotel, various mechanical shops, two lawyers, five physicians and about one hundred and twentyThe mills five dwelling houses. do the in this village respectively following amount of business, viz. Tilton Mills employ 39 males, 16 females annually produce tweeds ; Win- to the value of $ 175,000. nipiseogee Mills employ 40 males, 80 females ton $ annually produce cotto the value of ; sheeting On 167,000. the Northfield side, Granite Mills employ 26 males, 54 females produce repellents valued ; at $ 210,000. Elm 256. It has a library of 1,183 volumes, and a valuable cabinet especially relating to mineralogy. (See Literary Institutions.) It is a lively business village, and has pleasant residences. With valuable unimproved waterpower, it has every encouragement to double its business and population within the next ten years. It is the center of a large mercantile trade, which is a very important branch of business. At East Tilton, is an excelsior factory, its saw and grist mill, two church school house, store, and edifices, twenty dwelling houses Employments. The vocations of fifteen or the inhabitants are nearly equally divided with farming on the one side, and the various trades on the There are annually proother. duced 6,000 bushels of corn, 27,000 pounds of butter, and 2,500 tons of hay. The annual value of manufactured of goods, all kinds, is $ 445,000. Hesources. tions, $ 69,300 $ trade, $ mechanical labor, 18,675 banks, ings ; and money stocks ; interest, 19,675 ness, $ 42,000 ists, Agricultural produc- $ 108,915 ; ; at deposits in sav- stock in $64,037; professional busi; from summer tour- $3,000. Churches and Schools. Mills employ 7 produce repel- pastor; CongreTheodore Pratt, Rev. gational, The Rev. ^\IarD. D., rector. At East Tilton, Methodist, Rev. J. W. Bean, pastor Freewill Baptist, Rev. Gilman Sanborn, pastor. There are six schools in town; average length, for the year, thirtysix weeks. number of Hampshire Conference Seminary and Female College. males, 14 females lents valued at $ nual pay-roll for ; 66,000. all The an- the mills is The New-Hampshire Conference Seminary and Female $103,600. College is one of the most popular literary institutions in the State. buildings are fine structures, and cost over $ 40,000. It has an endowment of $12,000, and the students, the past year, Episcopal, cellus A. Herrick, ; Literary Institution. New- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 352 Libraries. Conference Seminary Library, 1,183 volumes; Til ton Social Library. Banks. Citizens National Bank, (See and Iona Savings Bank. 1 tables.) " Dexter House." Hotel. first Area of improved land, 8,612 acres. Distances. Eighteen miles north from Concord, and seven south from Gilford. Boston, Concord Railroads. and Montreal Railroad passes ; banks, $ 59,803 deposits in savings ; stock in trade, $ 27,270. Churches and Schools. Baptist, Rev. Jonathan Herrick, pastor; Congregational, Rev. L. Bingham, pastor. settlement and first ministers, see Sanbornton. Boundaries. North by Sanbornton, east by Belmont, south by Northfield, and west by Franklin. For $ 17,500 terest, There are six schools, average length, for the year, twenty-one weeks. Troy High School, Mrs. L. B. Wright, preceptress. Hotel. Monadnock House. The village in this town is very pleasant, and has a business appearance so common to the small manufacturing villages in Cheshire County. First Town Organization. Troy was taken from Marlborough and Fitzwilliam, and incorporated Jan- along the eastern border of the town. Stations at Tilton and East uary Tilton. installed 23, 1815. First Minister. in 1815, Ezekiel Rich, dismissed in 1818.' TROY. Cheshire County. Troy is a 6mall township and now ranks as a manufacturing town. The surface is uneven, but the soil yields fair crops, when properly cultivated. Manufacturing Employments. is the most prominent business in town, although there are some very good farms well tilled. There is one blanket manufactory, annually producing 60,000 horse blankTubs and ets, valued at $ 112,000. pails are made to the value of $ 40, 000, meal and flour to the value of $ Lumber, $ 4,400 6,000. ; besides, leather boots and shoes, nest box- Boundaries. North by Marlborough, east by Jaffrey, south by Fitzwilliam, and west by Richmond and Swanzey. Area of improved land 5,666 acres. Distances. Fifty-four miles south-west from Concord, and twelve south-east from Keene. Railroad. The Cheshire Railroad passes through nearly the center of the town, in a northerly and southerly direction. I'llFTONBOROCGH. Carroll County. The soil of town is various; the surface in some parts is even, in others more rough. There are some very this es, finely cultivated farms, pleasantly The located near blacksmiths and other trades. total value of goods of all kinds annually manufactured is $245,000. Resources. soil, $31,875; $ 48,300 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, and money at in- stocks, Lake Winnipiseogee. Several arms of the lake reach far into the interior, and from the crest of the hills, present a succession of beautiful views to the spectator, some of which are unsurpassed in �UNITY. Tuftonborough has sum- this region. many natural mer resort. attractions as a The Employments. About inhabitants 18,000 pairs of made in this boots and town, annu- some 350,000 feet of lumber (See tables.) Productions of the Resources. ally ; sawed. is mechanical labor, and money $89,860; soil, $4,500; stocks, bonds, deposits in at interest, $5,350; savings banks, $24,557; stock in from summer tour- trade, $2,350; ists, $ 2,000. Churches and Schools. Advent, W. Piper, pastor 2d Christian, J. Whitney, D. A. Wiggin, pastors; F. Baptist, S. F. Bean, pastor; Methodist, James Cowley, pastor. There are eleven schools T. ; average length, for the year, ten weeks. Hotel. Melvin House. Tuftonborough First Settlers. was originally granted to J. Tufton Mason. The first settlers were Benjamin Bean, Phinehas Graves and Joseph Peavey, in 1780 incorporated in 1795. ; Rev. First Minister. Kellum, (Cong.) in Joseph 1800. pee, south-east by Wolfeborough, Lake Winnipiseogee, and north-west by Moultonborough. by Improved land, 12, 635 acres. Distances. The sur broken, and uneven, but the soil is rich, very productive, and is highly favorable for grazing. Good crops of wheat, corn, barley and potatoes are annually produced. It ranks as the sixth town in the county, in the value of its agricultural products. There are many fine farms under a high state of cultivation. Considerable attention has been given to the raising of neat stock, and some of the finest cattle in the State, can be found in this town. Rivers and Ponds. Little Sugar River, a considerable stream, lias its source in Wortleberry and Beaver Meadow Ponds, in the north part, and passes through the centre and empties into the Connecticut at Charlestown. A branch of Sugar River, flowing through Newport, has its source in Gilman's Pond, in the east part of the town; these streams afford some water power. Wortleberry, Beaver Meadow and Gilman Ponds are the principal bodies of water. Fifty miles east-by- from Concord, and about eight west from Ossipee. t Railroad. Wolfeborough depot, north is Cold Pond lies partly in this town and is the head of Cold River. Mountains. Perry's Mountain, in the south-west part, lying partin ly North-east by Ossi- Boundaries. south-west TT1VITY. Sullivan County. face of Unity are generally employed in the cultivation of the soil, and are industrious, prosperous, and happy. shoes are 353 this town and Charlestown, is in vation. Springs. In the eastern part of town and about three miles from Newport Village, is a strong chalybeate spring, which is becomthe ing celebrated properties. for its medicinal A large hotel is locat- ed here for the accomodation of invalids. seven miles. A stage runs every other day in the winter, in the consists of Gneiss summer, overlaid by strata of daily. partly the principal ele- Minerals. The rock formation and Granite, micaceous, �NEW-nAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 354 hornblende, and chlorite slate. in small quantities, is Near found in various localities. Little Sugar River is a mine of copper and iron pyrites. Near the mine is also found Iolite, a fine, delicate, blue-colored stone, which alis highly valued by jewelers so titanium, valued in the art of Porcelain Painting, and the manmineral teeth, is ufacture of found in considerable quantities. Employments. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agricul- Bog iron ore, ; 1 aral pursuits. of maple sugar, factured. of all Over 28,000 pounds is annually manu- is Productions of the $109,418; mechanical labor, $1,000; stocks and money at interest, $9,360; deposits in savings Sesources. from 39,093; summer 14.437. Distances. Fifty miles west by north from Concord, and nine south from Newport. Railroads. Nearest railroad communication, from center of the town is at Claremont station, on the Concord & Claremont Railroad. When completed, the Forest Line Railroad will pass through Unity. five miles, WAKEFIELD. sawed annually. 6oil, .$ ; ed land, 450,000 feet of lumber, kinds, banks, North by Clareeast by Goshen, south by Lempster and Acworth, and west by Chariestown. Area, 24,447 acres area of improvBoundaries. mont and Newport, Cakkoll County. Wakefield point of wealth, the fourth, and, in mechanical business, the third town in the county, ranks, and toursts, $2,000. The MethoChurches and Schools. Church, Rev. Silas Quimby, pastor; Baptist Church, Methodist Church at West Unity, There are twelve school districts and nine schools in town average length, for the year, nineteen weeks. Hotel. Unity Spring Hotel. Unity was First Settlements. granted to Theodore Atkinson, soil Meshech Weare, in at present is growing rapidly. lies dist ; . thers in ses 1764. Thurston, and forty-five John Ladd, MoCharles Huntoon, Esq., and Joseph Perkins tled here in 1769. first set- The town re- present name on account of a friendly adjustment of a dispute which had existed for a long time, between certain parties in Hampstead and Kingston, each ceived its party claiming the same territory Incorunder different grants. porated July 13, 1764. surface is is uneven, but the generally good, and well There are adapted to grazing. some fine farms highly cultivated, which produce excellent crops of wheat, corn, oats, and hay. Pine River Rivers and Ponds. has its source in a pond of the same name. The principal branch of Piscataqua River takes its rise from East Pond, in the south-east part of the town. Pumice Pond between this town and Effingham, and is 450 rods long and 400 wide. Lovewell's Pond, lying in the south part of the town, is 700 rods long and 275 wide. This pond received its name from Captain John Lovewell, who surprised and destroyed a party of Indians, near its eastern shore, FebThere are several ruary 20, 1725. valuable water privileges, and, along the streams, there is considerable interval, which is well �WALPOLE. and very productive. Employments. A majority of the people are engaged in farming, but manufacturing and mercantile trade are becoming important branches of business. Some 30,000 pairs of boots and shoes are annucultivated, ally made; 11,000 clapboards, 800, 000 shingles, 1,250,000 feet of boards and dimension timber sawed. The manufacturing of sale clothing is becoming quite an extensive business. One firm at Wolfeborough make Junction, per. 000 4,000 pairs of pants month, and several others 1, month. There are pairs per several other small manufactories in town; the whole, including the manufacturing of clothing, makes the annual value of manufactured products $211,400. There are several villages, pleasantly located, each trying to vie with the other, in bus- The number of iness. beauti- ponds in town, together with the fine drives, and delightful views, have caused many summer tourists to spend their summer vacation here, there being over two hundred last season, and the numful ber is increasing every year. Two have been erected, the past year, for the accommodation fine hotels of visitors. Resources. soil, $ 100,605 ; Productions of the mechanical labor, $51,100; stocks and money at in- $ 26,034 deposits in savings banks, $ 49,701 stock in trade, from summer tourists, $ 15,795 $8,000; from professional business &c., $ 30,000. Churches and Schools. Four churches Congregational, Advent, Baptist, and Methodist. Rev. S. Clark is pastor of the Congregational Church. There are eleven terest, ; ; ; 355 town average length, twenty-one weeks; amount of money annually schools in ; for the year, tatal appropriated for school purposes, $ 1,562.52. Union Library, Library. at Un- ion Village. Hotels. Union Hotel, Sanborn House, National House and DaValue of hotel propervis Hotel. ty, $ 30,000. Hotel arrivals, for the year, 8,000. Livery Stables. There are four livery stables, with fifteen horses each. Town Organization. Wakewas originally called " East Town, " and was incorporated August 30, 1774. Mr. Robert MackFirst field born in Scotland, and distinguished for longevity; died here in 1787, at the age of 115 years. First Minister. Rev. Asa Piper, ordained in (Congregational,) 1785 dismissed in 1810. Boundaries. North-west by Ossipee and Effingham, east by Newfield, Maine, south-east by Milton, and south-west by Middleton and Area, of improved Brookfield. lin, ; land, 11,871 acres. Distances. Fifty miles north- from Concord, and ten southeast from Ossipee. Railroads. Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Division of the Eastern Railroad, and the Wolfeborough Branch of the Eastern Railroad. There are five Railway Union, stations in town, viz. Wolfeborough Junction, Wakefield, East Wakefield, and North east Wakefield. WALPOLE. ; Cheshire County. Walpole ranks, as an agricultural town, the third in the State in the value of its �NEW- HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. Vo6 The productions. is town face of the beautifully diversified by hills and The vales. soil is deep, and similar to that of other towns on The the Connecticut River. vals are extensive cellent tillage ; and inter- afford ex- while the uplands are inferior to none in the State. Many of the farms are highly cul- and very productive. tivated, River Connecticut Rivers. washes the western border of the town. Cold River passes through north part, affording some water power, and unites with the Connecticut, about one mile south of Bellows Falls. Near these falls is a cragged mountain abruptly the rising 800 feet above the surface of The road from Charlestown to Walpole passes along between this mountain and the falls, and at this point presents a wild and picturesque scenery to the river. On the opposite side of the river, in Vermont, is the thriving village of Bellows Fnlls. At this point four railroads have their termini viz. Rutland, Sullivan, Cheshire and Connecticut the traveler. — T River A alley Railroads. Village. About four miles south Falls, is situated the pleasant village of Walpole, on a main above the river. The and south, and is broad and beautifully shaded with grand old elms and maples. Bordering on either side are the houses, stores, shops and churches. Many and street runs north of the residences are elegant costly, a handsome is neatly laid out and with beautiful shade common furnishes common, ornamented trees. a This delightful promenade for the quiet villagers, or their visitors, on the pleasant summer evenings, just as the sun below the horizon and regolden beams on the western sky, or upon the crest of the towering mountains beyond the Connecticut, the whole presenting a picture far beyond the most settles flects its drapery of human imThe general neatness and quiet which prevail, together with the beautiful scenery of the surrounding country, render this one of the most delightful and splendid agination. New-HampMany summer tourists attractive villages in shire. spend their vacation in this village, and it is becoming quite a summer resort. It is the centre of a large mercantile trade, and many of the stores have a metropolitan appearance. Employments. The inhabitants are generally devoted to agriculture. 38,000 bushels of corn, large and 39,000 wool are annually produced. quantities of tobacco, from Bellows plain, high There and adorned with spa- cious and beautiful yards, carpeted with green grass, and made fragrant by blooming flowers while other dwellings have a rich, antique appearance which are sugpast. gestive of days in the ; lbs. The number of bushels of corn, an- nually raised, exceeds that of any other town in the State by over 13, The manufacturing is considerable. The value of shirts 000 bushels. and collars annually manufactured, is $71,000; 1,100,000 feet of boards, and 220,000 shingles are annually sawed; 30,000 bushels grain, ground, 1,000.000 pill boxes made, besides leather, towel racks, etc., are produced. The total value of manufactured productions, 600. Drewsville is is $ 131, a village of some trade and considerable manufacturing. It is romantically sit- �357 WALPOLE. uated near the falls, and contains a hotel, post-office and church. Agricultural proBesources. mechanical ductions, $254,095; labor, §34,200; stocks, etc., $36, 600; money at interest, $60,620; stock in trade, $25,725 deposits in savings banks, $43,960; from summer tourists, $4,000; professional ; sources, etc., $ 60,000. Churches and Schools. There are Congregational, Rev. W. E. Dickenson, pastor; Unitarian, Christian, Episcopal, and Catholic. There are fourteen school districts, and fifteen schools in town average length, for the year, twenty-two weeks. Amount annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 3,386.64. Walpole has been distinguished for its efforts to promote the interests of education. There is a school fund of $ 1,577.50. The Walpole High School is a popular institution. Mr. C. R. Crowell is the principal. Library. Walpole town library has 1,500 volumes. The town appropriates annually $ 75 for expenses, and, for the purchase of books, $ 100. five churches, viz. ; Hotels. Wentworth House, and at Drewsville, Cold River House. Livery Stable. W. A. Maynard, 14 horses, valued at $ 2,000. First Settlers. granted, by the Walpole was government of New-Hampshire, February 16, 1752, to Colonel Benjamin Bellows and sixty-one others. It was first settled by John Kilburn and his Colonel Bellows settled here in 1757. His descendants are numerous and highly respected. The late Hon. Henry A. Bellows, Chief Justice of NewHampshire, and one of the most estimable men in the State, was a family, in 1749. native of this town. He died suddenly at his residence in Concord, March 11, was Walpole 1873. originally called " Great Falls," or " Bellows years of Town." During the its first settlement, the inhab- were subjected to some of the savage cruelties of the Indians itants and Canadians. The indomitable bravery of Colonel Bellows and John Kilburn, with the men under their command, soon convinced the Indians and their French allies, own personal safety, they had better give Walpole a wide birth, in their vandal excur- that, for their We give sions. a few extracts in relation to the troubles of the first with the savage hordes sent upon them, by men who pretended to respect civilized warTo-day the French nation fare. are reaping their just reward, for settlers which on the of New-England. the cruelties fathers inflicted " An Philip, their fore- first settlers Indian by the name of who had acquired sufficient English to be understood, visited the house of Mr. Kilburn in the town of Walpole, in the spring of 1755, pretending to be on a hunting excursion, and in want of food. treated with kindness, and flints, flour and other things were He was furnished him. After he had been gone a short time, it was ascertained that the same Indian had visited all the settlements on the Connecticut river, about the same time, and with the same plausible Kilburn being somewhat acquainted with Indian stratagem, suspected, (as it afterward proved,) Philip to be a wolf in Soon after, a sheep's clothing. friendly Indian, sent from Albany by Governor Shirley, communica- pretensions. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 358 ted the startling intelligence, that four or five hundred Indians were the assistance and encouragement of their companions, and, at the collected in Canada, whose purpose it was to massacre all the white inhabitants in Connecticut valley. We will leave it for the reader to imagine the terror in the feeble white settlements, when they learned of the impending calamity. To forsake their homes, their crops of grain, and their cattle, would be giving up all for which they had so diligently toiled, and to oppose the savage horde from Canada, was a hope- same time, kept watch upon the movements of the enemy. In But, accustomed to less resort. and dangers of they determined to protect themselves, or die in the the privations frontier life, Kilburn and his men, with cause. their rude implements, strength- ened their position with fortifica- tions, consisting of a palisado of stakes driven into the ground. "At the fort, about a mile south of Ivilburn's house, were about thirty armed men, under command of Col. Benjamin Bellows but he could afford no protection to Kilburn while attending to his cattle ; and crops. "The time of the attack of the Indians, no one could foresee nor prevent, although the inhabitants were daily expecting their appear- ance. August 17, 1755, as Kilburn, young man of eighteen, a man named Peak, and his son, were returning from their work, they discovered their expected and savage foes in an alder his son John, then a swamp. They speedily ran to the house, secured the door, and made preparations for an obstinate resis- There Avere at this time in the house, besides these four men, Kilburn's wife and his daughter tance. Hitty, who contributed greatly to about fifteen minutes the Indians were seen crawling up a bank, east of the house, and one hundred and ninety-seven were counted, as they crossed a footpath, one by one; about the same number remained in ambush near the mouth of Cold river. "The Indians thought it would be best to way-lay and capture Col. Benjamin Bellows and his men, who, they had learned, were at work in a mill about a mile east, before attacking those who had sought shelter in the log house. As Bellows and his men, about thirty, were returning home, each with a bag of meal on his back, their dogs began to bark and show signs of the approach of the enemy. Bellows well knew the intrigue of the Indians, and the language of his dogs. Believing that the Indians intended to form an ambuscade, he acted accordingly. The men were ordered to throw down their meal, advance to the rise, crawl up the bank, give one whoop, and instantly drop into This stratagem the sweet fern. resulted as he had expected. As soon as the Indians heard the whoop, they arose from their ambush, and formed a semi-circle around the path Bellows was to follow. "His men instantly improved the splendid opportunity afforded them for a shot. This so thwarted the plans and expectations of the Indians, that they hastily fled to the bushes, without firing a gun. Bellows, judging them to be too numerous for him. ordered his �WARNER. men to retreat to the fort. the Indians made Soon their appearance on the eminence east of Kilburn's house, and Philip came forward, and sheltering himself behind a tree, summoned those in the house to surrender, offering them quar- Quarter shouted the older Kilburn, with a voice of thunder that rang through every Indian heart, you black rascals, begone, or we ll quarter you.' Philip then returned to his companions, who commenced the war-whoop, after a ter !' ' ; ' 1 few moments consultation. Kilburn was fortunate in obtaining the first fire, before the smoke from the enemy's guns obstructed his aim. An Indian was seen to fall, and Kilburn, judging from his size and appearance, supposed him to be Philip. The Indians kept up 359 velocity. were A number made to of attempts force open the doors but the bullets within compelled them to abandon the rash undertaking. The manner in which the Indians fought evidently evinced that they were not insensible to the effect of Kil burn's bullets. "For the remainder of the day until nearly sundown, the fight was kept up, but as the sun disappeared behind the western hills war-whoop and the sound of the guns died away in the cry of the By silence. this day's encounter, the Indians were induced to return Canada, and thus an effectual check was put to the expedition, and it is reasonable to conclude that hundreds of the settlers were saved from the horrors of an Indian to the work of destruction; some were busily engaged in destroying the hay and grain, and others fell tylassacre". to butchering the cattle, while a in 1763 shower of settled in 1767, died in 1813. bullets continually rat- tled against the house. mated It is esti- that not less than four hun- dred bullets were lodged in the house at the first fire. Kilbnrn and his men were not idle. For convenience in loading, their powder was poured into hats, and they were prepared for a successful resistance or a glorious death. Although they had several guns in the house, they were kept hot by incessant firing; and having no First Ministers. grew When short, the suspended blankets from the roof of the house, to catch the bullets of the enemy, these were run into bullets and loaded by them, and sent back to the Indians with equal Rev. Thomas Fessenden, mont. Area, 24,331 acres. Sixty miles southwest from Concord, and fourteen north-west from Keene. Railroad. Cheshire Railroad passes through this town in a northerly and southerly direction. Distances, WARNER. Merkimack County. their stock of lead women ; Boundaries. North by Charlestown and Langdon, east by Alstead and Surry, south by Surry and Westmoreland, and west by Westminster and Rockingham, Ver- ammunition to waste, special aim was taken to have every bullet count. Rev. Jonathan Leavitt settled in 1761, dismissed Warner one of the most important towns in the county, both in agriculture and manufactures. The surface is broken by hills, but the soil is excellent, producing good crops of wheat, corn, hay, &c. On some is �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 360 located on Warner River, while of the hills are large orchards and is line pastures. tower far above the spires of the village the River and Ponds. This town is watered by Warner River, a pleasant and rapid stream which in Sunapee MounNewbury. From New- takes its rise tains, in bury it passes through Bradford, and enters Warner at the northwest corner, thonce running in a south-easterly direction through the town, separating it in nearly two equal parts, and uniting with the Contoocook River, in Hopkinton. In its passage through Warner, it stream, a receives coming considerable from Sutton. This river produces many good water privileges. There are four ponds, viz. Tom, Bear, Bagley and Pleasant Ponds. Pleasant Pond has no visible outlet or inlet, though its banks are overflowed in the driest season. Its waters are clear, deep, cold and abound with a great variety of fish. Elevations. Kearsarge Moun- hills, on either side, churches. The main street extends along the upper bank of the river for nearly a mile, and is well shaded by the beautiful rock maple. On this street are located the churches, schools, stores, banks, hotel, and many fine dwelling houses. Everything around betokens an air of neatness, thrift and the wealth of its inhabitants. For a few years past, this village, with the surroundings, have attracted the attention of many sum- mer tourists. It is only about five miles to the summit of Kearsarge, which affords some of the finest scenery in New-Hampshire. The Kearsarge Mountain Road Company have constructed a new road from the village nearly to the summit, on the south-east side of the mountain. About one half mile from the summit, is a beautiful site for a Hotel, winch doubt- mostly within the limits of the town. Its sides are covered with deep forests, while its summit is be built ere long. From very fine view of the southern portion of the State, can be obtained. When all these pro- naked rock. jected improvements are finished, Minerals, &c. The rocks in this town are gneiss and mica slate; the latter containing beds of soap of the important points in the State tain, a lofty elevation, is situated and lime stone. The quarry of soap-stone is large and valuable. The gneiss contains finely colored pyrope garnets. There are several peat bogs, one of which contains twenty-two acres, and is twenty- deep. From this bog have been dug, from various depths, plainly showing imprints five feet sticks of beavers' teeth. Summer lage Resorts. Warner Vil- is one of the pleasantest in the central portion of the State. It less will this point a no doubt but Warner for summer will be one tourists to visit. Employments. The inhabitants are principally employed in farming; but manufacturing portant and gi-owing is an im- interest. Warner River affords abundant water-power in its passage through the town. The different manufacturers have bought up the Blaisdell Pond flowage which will give a large increase of staple waterpower. There is one woolen mill, one straw-board mill, whose annual production is $ 75,000. 60,000 �WARNER. clapboards, 650,000 shingles, and 1,375,000 feet of boards are annually sawed; besides there are ex- celsior mills, chair factories, grist mill, tannery, bedsteads, wooden ware, card board, and carriage hub manufactories. A large building has been erected this Summer (1873) for the manufacturing of and shoes. The total of manufactured goods, 361 Ground was broken for the High School building, in May, 1871, and was dedicated the following it December. The first term opened, December 4, under the instruction of Edmund C. cipal, Cole, A. B., as prin- and Miss Helen E. Gilbert, as preceptress. Libraries. Warner Social LiWarner High volumes sale boots brary, 200 value annually produced, is $212,000. (See Tables.) Resources. Productions of the soil, $164,172; mechanical labor, $41,100; stocks, &c, $53,400; money at interest, $35,616; deposits in savings bank, $ 131,225; School Librai'y,150 volumes; and Lemuel Willis' Library, over 400 volumes. Kearsarge National Baulcs. Bank. The Kearsarge Savings Bank has been chartered. (See stock in summer trade, tourists, $ 28,593 $ 3,000 from from ; ; professional business, trade, etc., $ 60,000. Churches and Schools. CongreM. A. Gates, pastor Methodist, Baptist, There are twentytwo school-districts and twentyfour schools. Average length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. The late Franklin Simonds, Esq., bequeathed to this town, $ 20,000, for the endowment of a High School. To this endowment, his widow, Mrs. Abigail K. Simonds, subsequently added $5, 000. For the erection of the High School building, she also gave $ 5, 000; Messrs. Gilman A. Bean and gational, Rev. ; ; . Samuel H. Dow, $2,098.52, each, George Jones, C. G. Mc Alpine and John E. Robinson, $ 250, each, Reuben Clough, $20., Leonidas Harriman and John C. Bean, $ 10. each, and William K. Morrill, $ 5. Several of the citizens gave work amounting to $ 73.75, making the whole expense of the building, including the lot, $9,992.04. ; tables.) Hotel. Warner Hotel. First Settlement. Warner was granted by the government of Massachusetts to deacon Thomas Stevens and sixty-two others, in 1735, under the name of Number One, and then New Amesbury. It was afterwards regranted to sixty- two persons, by the Masonian profrom which a controversy arose, which was not finally settled prietors, 1773. The first settlement was commenced in 1762, by David Annis and his son-in-law, Reuben Kimball. It was incorporated until under the present name, September 3, 1774. On Sunday, SeptemTornado. ber 9, 1821, at five o'clock P. M., one of the most terrific tornadoes which ever occured in New-Hampshire, swept through the town, leaving in its track, desolation and death. In this calamity, four houses and seven barns, besides out buildings, were totally demolished; five persons were killed, and ten or fifteen severely wounded. Every tree, bush, stone wall or board fence in its way, was leveled with the ground. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 362 First Ministers. Rev. William Kelly, Congregational, ordained in 1772; dismissed in 1801. heads, gouges, and other have been found there. First Settlers. relics Warren was chai*- North by Sutton, Wilmot, Andover and Salisbury, east by Salisbury and Webster, south by Hopkinton and Henniker, and west by Bradford and Sutton. Area, 31,851 acres; improved land, Joseph Patch, a hunter, built his camp by Hurricane Brook, in 1767, and John Mills, James Aiken, Joshua Copp, and Ephraim True, with their fam- 20,792. These men, Boundaries. Seventeen miles Distances. north of west from Concord. Concord and Clarepasses through this an easterly and westerly Railroad. mont Railroad town, in direction. WARREJV. Grafton County. er, Baker Riv- called by the Indians the As- quamchumauk, flows through this town from north to south. Black Brook, the Mikaseota, Berry, Merrill East Branch, Batchelder and Patch Brooks are considerable Glen streams running into it. ponds, Kelley pond, Wachipaukca or Meader pond and Tarleton lake are situated upon the boundaries. These streams and ponds abound in trout, and more than 50,000 in number are caught yearly. Warren is surrounded by lofty Moosehillock, Indian Moosilauke, on the north, being about 5,000 feet high. They are all heavily wooded and wild mountains. name game is plenty. Many deer, bears, wild cats, sables, minks, and foxes are captured each year. An Indian trail, the Indians. principal route of the Indians from Merrimack valley to Coos and Canada, followed up Black Brook, and captives, in early provincial times, often travelled it. In the valley of Runaway Pond, was once and arrow an Indian village; the tered, July 14, 1763. moved town in 1768. few years got their supplies from Haverhill and Plymouth, bringing them ilies, into for the first twenty miles home through the woods on their backs. Wild beasts annoyed them very much, and on winter nights wolves frequently put their noses against the window pane of John Mills' cabin, and looked in on the family seated by the open fire place. Moose were plenty, and Joseph Patch often had twenty-five barrels of Moose meat in the cellar at once. The took an active part in the revolution. Three of them, first settlers Capt. John Mills, jr. Capt. William Tarleton, and Capt. James Aiken, commanding companies, and in all about eighteen men, in a population of less than one hundred served in the army. Joshua Copp, jr. was this first child born in town, John Marston was the first man married, and John Mills the first who died, he being killed by the fall of a tree in 1779. First Ministers. Rev. Peter Powers preached the first sermon in Warren, but no minister was settled until after 1799, when the Methodists established a church. The principal Employments. employment is agriculture, but about six million feet of lumber are annually manufactured and sent to market. Window shades, bobbins, and potato starch are made, in large quantities. �if ' jjy__ "imi^M. W l = ��WASHINGTON. Summer Tourists. Many famtake summer boarders. The ilies Moosehillock House, kept by D. G. Marsh, accommodating a large number. An excellent turnpike, by Daniel Q. Clement, runs to the Prospect House on Moosehillock, and hundreds of people built visit the summit every season. For many years James Clement has been the landlord there, and from his house is seen one of the grandest mountain views on this side of the American continent. Mines. On Ore hill is the Warren silver mine. Lead, copper and zinc also abound, and gold in small particles is found in all the streams. Church and Schools. Methodist, Rev. Wm, Eakins, pastor. There are eleven schools, of which two are graded. Average length of schools, for the year, fifteen weeks. Railroad Facilities. The B., C. & M. Railroad runs through the town. There are two stations, Warren and Summit. Boundaries. North by Benton and Woodstock, east by Woodstock and Ellsworth, south by Wentworth, and west by Piermont. Distances. Twelve miles from Haverhill, sixty from Concord and ninety from Portsmouth. 363 academy, WASHINGTON. church, school house, post-office, manufactories, grist mill, lumber mills, black- bobbin and rake smith shop, etc. Rivers and Ponds. A branch of Ashuelot River has its source in Ashuelot Pond, also a branch of Contoocook River has its source from several small ponds in the eastern part of the town. These streams afford some very good water power. There are sixteen ponds the largest and most prom; inent of which are Island, Half- moon, Ashuelot, and Brockway's Long Pond lying partly in this town and partly in Stoddard, is the largest body of water. ponds. . deep, moist, and but the fertile, soil is and when properly cultivated, produces fine crops. Clay of superior quality is found, also peat is plenty in the swamps. Villages. Washington Lovewell's Mountains. tain, so called Moun- on account of Cap- tain Lovewell's killing several In- dians near its summit, lies in the southerly part of the town, and is the principal elevation. Farming is the employment of the in- Employments. principal habitants, although manufacturing on quite extensively. dozen men's socks are manufactured, valued at $ 34,500 5,000 is carried 10,000 ; 350,000 hills, man- clapboards, 200,000 shingles, and Sullivan Countt. The surface of Washington is uneven and broken with post-office, hosiery lumber mills, improved turbine water wheel, and several other small shops. At East Washington are two or three stores, ufactory, village is pleasantly located. In this village are several stores, hotel, church, feet of boards &c, are sawed annually 4,000 boxes of clothes pins, and 300 dozen rakes are manufactured. An improved ; turbine water-wheel is made here also there are various other small manufactories. The total value of manufactured goods, annually produced, is $ 85,700. (See tables.) Resources. soil, $57,319; % 25,300 ; Productions of the mechanical labor stocks, and money at �NEW- HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 364 interest, $ 15,958; deposits in sav- banks, ings $ 37,548 ; stock in trade, $12,517; professional busi- ness, $ 15,000. Churches and Schools. Congregational Church, Rev. H. H. Colburn, pastor; at East Washington, Meththe Baptist Church, There are odist Church, Average ten schools in town. length of schools, for the year, sixteen weeks. ; . is Shed Free Library, Library. 600 volumes. Lovel House. "Washington was granted by the Masonian proHotel. Settlement. First prietors to a dense forest of pine, hemlock, maple, and birch and it is one of the best regions for hunting and fishing in the State. In her forests now dwell the bear, deer, and wild-cat, and in her crystal streams, swim the spotted trout. Rivers and Ponds. Swift and Mad rivers are the principal streams. There are two ponda and several elevations. Reuben Kidder, In Scenery. many parts of Esq., Wa- grand and terville the scenery is located here. It is now mostly Tubbs Union Acad- Academy. emy towns of New-Hampshire. sublime. All lovers of natural scenery, in its true primitive state, which man has never defaced, will town hard to be excelled New-Hampshire. Over three hundred summer tourists annually visit here. They find a welcome home at the Greeley House, where every want is supplied, in shape find this in and originally called Camden. It was first settled by the grantee in 1768. Incorporated under its present name, December 13, 1776. First Minister. Rev. George of food for the inner man horses guns, and fishing tackle for the Leslie, (Congregational,) installed sport. in 1780 ; ; Boundaries and Area. North by Goshen, east by Bradford, Hillsborough and Windsor, south by Stoddard, and west by Marlow and Lempster. Area, 30,765 acres area of improved land, 11,964 acres. Thirty-five south-east from Newport. By stage three times Railroad. a week to Hillsborough Bridge station, twelve miles, on the Contoocook Valley Railroad. When completed, the Windsor and Forest Line Railroad, will pass through this town. $ 600 ; from First Settlers. granted mechanical labor, summer tourists, This town was to Josiah Foss, jr., and Moses June 29, " Gillis and Gillis, others, and was known as Foss Grant." It was incorporated July 1, 1829. Boundaries. North by ungranted lands, east by Albany, south by Sandwich, and west by Thornton. Distances. Sixty-eight miles north from Concord, and eighteen north-east from Plymouth. Montreal Railroad, Plymouth, thence by stage. Railroad. at WEABE. Grafton County. Waterville one of the wild mountainous ; 2,870 $6,000. WATERVILLE. is $ tions, 1819, miles west from Concord, and sixteen Distances. Agricultural produc- Resources. died in 1800. Hillsborough County. Weare is one of the most important and �WEARE. 365 wealthy farming towns in the The county. The goods, annually produced, deep, and is strong and generally well culsoil is and suitably adapted to tivated various productions usually grown in the State. It exceeds any town in the county, in the quantity of corn and wheat raised and but one other produces as many apples. The locality of the town is such that the inhabitants are divided into precincts or central points, consequently, there are five post offices, for their mail conveniences. There are the many fine farms under total amount of manufactured is val- There are eight $ 290,300. stores in town. (See tables.) Productions of the Resources. soil, $192,399; mechanical labor, $ 56,850 stocks, and bonds, $ 5, 100 ued at ; money at interest, $16,950; depos- in savings banks, $239,191; stock in trade $41,168; from summer tourists, $ 6,000. There are its but few towns which show such large resources, in proportion to their population. Churches and Schools. There are a high state of cultivation, producing excellent four Baptist, one Universalist, and crops of corn, hay etc. Rivers. The principal stream sixteen schools; average length, for the year, twenty-one weeks; annual amount of money appropri- is two Friends churches. There are the north-west branch of the Piscataquoag River, which meanders through the northerly and easterly section of the town, and affords excellent water power, which is ated for school purposes, $2,716. " Clinton Grove Seminary" is in this town C. H. Jones is the principal. There is one small pub- generally impi oved lic - by mills, of 93. ; Slimmer Tourists. The surface is broken with hills and vales, and in many Library. Collins Hotels. various kinds. sections there is some House, and Deai-born House. First Settlements. The Maso- nian proprietors granted this town about two hundred from various sections of the country, stop here through the Ichabod Robie and others, September 20, 1749. It was originally called Halestown, but was incorporated September 21, 1764, and received its present name in honor of Hon. Meshech Weave. First Minister. Rev. John Clay- warm ford settled in 1802 very fine scenery, which has at- tracted the attention of tourists, who spend their summer in this thriving town. mated vacation It is esti- that tourists, season of the year. Employmcjits. The inhabitants are generally devoted to the cultivation of the soil, but the manu- factures are quite important, and valuable resources, as to the prosThere are the town. one cotton mill, one woolen mill, two shoe manufactories, one organ box manufactory, one furniture manufactory, wheel-wright shop, tannery, grist and saw mills &c. perity of to ; dismissed in 1808. Boundaries. North by Hennikev and Hopkinton, east by Dunbavton and Goffstown, south by New-Boston, and west by Francestown and Deering. Area, 33,648 area of improved land, 23, acres ; 392 acres. Distances. Fifteen miles south- west from Concord, and eighteen north-west from Manchester. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 366 The terminus of the and North Weare Rtiilroads Manchester chair stock, peg mill, grist mill, leather board manufactory, black- Railroad is in this town. There are three stations. There is also a daily milk train riming from North Weare to Boston, and during the summer, Sundays; which offers great inducements for those who wish to follow the milk smith, carpenter, etc. business. trade, WEBSTER. Merrimack County. Webster was taken from the western portion Total value of goods manufactured, is $64,000. Agricultural proResources. mechanical ductions, $101,628; labor, $ 15,200 at interest, and money stocks, ; $ 13,487; deposits in savings banks, $62,766; $ Churches and tian, Edward ChrisCongregational, Buxton, pastor; Schools. ; Rev. stock in 4,800. of Boscawen, and incorporated under its present name, July 3, 1860. The surface is uneven, but the soil is strong and deep, producing Methodist, George Wood, pastor. There are eight schools in town. Average length of schools, for the year, eighteen weeks. For First Settlements. See Bos- excellent crops of corn, wheat and cawen. hay. It is Boundaries. noted for the fine qual- by North Salis- and abundance of its apples. Ponds and Rivers. Long Pond is about two miles in length, and half a mile in width. Blackwater River passes through the whole extent bury, east by Boscawen, south by of the town, in a southerly direc- from Concord. and furnishes some excellent water power. Courser Hill is quite an elevation, but is capable of cultivation to its top, with quite a little settlement on it. There is a church, school-house, store, post-office and about fifteen or twenty dwellings. The views obtained from this hill, are extensive and very fine. Employments. The inhabitants are largely engaged in agriculture, but there is some manufacturing Railroads. Six miles to Boscawen, on the Northern Railroad. ity tion, carried on. 6,439 bushels corn, pounds butpounds cheese, and apples to the value of $ 6,000, are annually produced; 115,000 clapboards, 400,000 shingles and laths, 1,225,000 feet of boards and dimension timber sawed, valued at $24, 200 besides, there are carriage and 2,497 tons hay, 25,475 ter, 10,744 ; Concord and Hopkinton, and west by Warner. Area of improved land, 11,687 acres. Distances. Fourteen miles north WEJITWORTH. Grafton County. The surface is is moderately uneven, but the soil generally good, and that in the is exceedingly producing excellent crops. Rivers and Ponds. Baker's River flows through the town and is vicinity of the rivers fertile, the principal stream. a On this riv- of considerable height, affording splendid water privileges. The south part is watered by the south branch of Baker's River, er, is fall which joins the main branch near Rumney Baker's Pond, sitline. uated partly in Orford and partly in this town, is the largest sheet of water. Pond Brook is the outlet which affords water sufficient �WENTWORTn'S LOCATION several valuable mill sites. Mountains. Part of Carr's Moun- for tain is situated in the easterly part, while a portion of Mount Cuba rises in the westerly section of the town. The Minerals. named last mountain contains inexhaustible quantities of the best limestone. Granite of a fine quality is found at the base of Carr's mountain, also Iron ore is found in various parts of the town. The falls, situated village, near the contains several stores, postand is a thriving and office etc., industrious place. Employments. Most of the in- habitants are engaged in agriculture. The lumber business is carried on quite extensively. 25,000 clapboards, 965,000 shingles, and 5,900,000 feet of boards are ally sawed; also gloves 40,000 cigars annumade, and mittens are man- ufactured in considerable quantiTotal value of manufactured ties. production $ 97,700. Productions of the Resources. $ 83,645 mechanical labor, $ 25,000 stocks, and money at interest, $ 6,070 deposits in savings soil, ; —-WESTMORELAND. 367 North Boundaries and Area. by Warren, east by Rumney, south by Dorchester, and west by Orford. Area, 23,040 acres improved land, ; 10,307 acres. By Distances. railroad, fifteen miles north-west from Plymouth, and about sixty-five miles northnorth-west from Concord. The Boston, ConRalroads. cord and Montreal Railroad passes through the town. WESTWORTH'S LOCATION Coos County. This location is bounded north by Dixville and ungranted lands, east by Maine line and Umbagog Lake, south by Umbagog Lake and Errol and west by Dixville. In 1870, there were 38 inhabitants, 575 acres of improved land, 5 horses, 67 cattle, 28 sheep and 6 swine. The value of agricultural productions was $6,098. The Margallaway River passes through the eastern portion of the In some parts the soil location. is good, producing fair crops of corn, potatoes and hay. VESTmORELAND. ; ; banks, $20,723; $19,755; from stock summer trade, in tourists, $8, 000; professional business, $12,000. Churches and Schools. gational Church, Rev. Congre- David S. There are thirteen school districts in town aver- Hibbard, pastor. ; age length, for the year, twelve weeks. Hotel. " Union House." This town John Page, a few years prior to the Revolution, and incorporated November 1, 1776. First Settlements. was granted First to Minister. Rev. S. Davis, settled in 1833. Increase Cheshire County. Westmore- land is considered one of the best farming towns in the State. The surface is less varied by hills, valleys and mountains, than that of On the the neighboring towns. Connecticut there are some very The soil of fine interval farms. the uplands" is good, and easily cultivated. Streams. The town is well watered by small streams which empty The into the Connecticut. one which rises in Spafford in Chesterfield, affords Lake, some of the best water privileges, in town. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 368 Employments. Agriculture is the principal employment of the inhabitants, ward who receive a rich re- for their labor. No class of people in the State are more prosperous and happy than the farmers of Westmoreland. There are several small manufactories. About 200,000 shingles, and 500,000 feet annually sawed, chair stuff to the value of $14,000 is annually sawed out. (See tables of manufactories.) Resources. Productions of the soil, $148,139; mechanical labor, $12,600; stocks and bonds, $15, 400; money at interst, $66,371; deposits in savings banks, $ 145, boards are of 581; stock in trade $ 17,600 summer tourists, fessional business, Summer ; $4,000; $ from pro- 12,000. Owing Resorts. to its on the beautiful Connecticut, this town is drawing quite a number of tourists to spend their fine situation summer vacation among its hills City people, who wish to retire from the bustle and noise of our great cities for quiet recreation and rest in the country, to breathe its free, fresh air for a and vales. few weeks, will find that Westmoreland will offer as many inducements for truly hospitable country life, as any other town in the county. Churches and Schools. First and second Congregational, Revs. L. Fowler and J. Barber, pastors; Christian, Rev. J. Clafflin, pastor Rev. Joseph Barber, There are thirteen schools in town. Average length, for the was called Greawas incorporated un present name, February 11, afterwards Mfeadow. der its 1752. it It First settled by four fami- lies in 1741. Indians. The Indians several times attacked the early settlers. In one of their visits, William Phips, the first husband of Jemima How, was killed; on another time Jeremiah Phips, father of her first husband, was taken captive and carried into Canada, where he died. First Ministers. Rev. William Goddard, ordained in 1764; dismissed in 1775 Rev. Allen Pratt, ; dismissed in 1827. Boundaries. North by Walpole, east by Surry and Keene, south by Chesterfield, and west by Putney, settled in 1790; Vermont. Area Distances. 22,466 acres. Sixty miles south- west from Concord, and ten west from Keene. Railroad. The Cheshire Railroad passes through the north-east portion of the town, where there is a station. WHITEFIELD. Coos County. No town in the county has made more rapid progress, for the past four years, in business, wealth and population, than Whitefield. The surface is uneven, and broken by hills, but the soil is good, producing excellent crops of corn, oats, barley, potatoes and hay. Some of the best farms in the county are here. agricultural products, to each acre of improved land in town, are valued at $ 13.80; the average in the county is $ 10.77. Ponds and River. Blake's, Long, Round, and Little River Ponds, Unitarian hill pastor. The year, sixteen weeks. Hotel. First was Valley Hotel. Settlers. Westmoreland granted by Massachusetts under the name of Number Two; first are the principal bodies of water. �WHITEFIELD John's River has its rise in Jefferson and Carroll and passes through this town in a westerly direction, thence west through Dalton, and discharges its waters into the Connecticut. In its passage, it furnishes some good water power. L. 369 & W. planing, G. Brown & Co., lumber, matching and grooving, situated $370,000; Messrs. Brown & Co. have the largest lumber establishment in the State. Their mill has two roofs, but the buildings are all open, and connected it is about 250 feet long, and 160 feet wide. on John's River, and on the line of the White Mountain Extension of the Montreal Railroad. It is growing quite rapidly, and is the Their motive power is three locomotives of 200-horse power, and one water wheel with 140-horse power. When there is sufficient Village. seat of The village is business. considerable There are two church large graded one with edifices, school-house, three departments, two grist-mills, two lumber mills, one sash and blind shop, one pail mill, wool carding and planing mill, printing office, ten or twelve stores, of all kinds, one good hotel, one lawyer, three physicians, about 125 dwelling houses, and 700 inhabitants. There are some nice private resiand, twenty-five years dences, hence, many of the streets will be The views, beautifully shaded. from this village, of the mountains in Carroll and Jefferson, are very fine: The Employments. ; water, this wheel will carry nearly all of the The machinery in the mill. railroad passes along by the side of the mill, where the lumber loaded on to the cars to be transported to Boston, or to other secis and to their lumber sheds, which are three in number, and each 150 feet in tions of the country, length. In and around the mill, they employ about 120 hands. There are two large circular saws, for sawing boards and timber, one gate saw for sawing long timber three shingle machines, two power edgers, one large planer for matching and grooving, three small planers, ; inhabitants one Daniels are largely engaged in lumber business, although farming is an important branch. Three potato large timber, starch mills annually manufacture starch to the value of $ 19,400 one job print'ng office, $1,000; Snow & Pillsbury, doors, sash and blinds, $10,000; Libbey & White, wool carding, $2,000; Smith & Walker, grist-mill, flour and meal, $ 20,300 A. L. & W. G.Brown & Co., meal, $ 6,000 Quimby & AUard, lumber, G. W. & N. W. Libbey, $ 12,000 lumber, $ 16,000 L. D. & L. T. Hazen, lumber, $ 25,000 Burns & Brooks, lumber, $ 35,000 Charles Libbey & Co., lumber, $ 50,000 A. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 1 planer for dressing two saws for cutting off logs, two trimming saws for trimming boards and planks, and two slab saws. This mill is now (1873,) daily sawing 40,000 feet of long timber, 14,000 shingles, 1,000 clapboards, 35,000 laths, and planing and matching 10,000 feet of long timber, making the annual production 12,000,000 feet long timber 4,200,000 shingles, 300,000 clapboards, and 10,500,000 laths; the whole being valued at $350, ; They also annually cut and masts and spars to the value of $ 20,000. The labor is all done on a systematic plan, and everything 000. sell �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 370 connected with the mill, from the rolling of the logs into the pond, to the loading the lumber on the cars moves like clock work. Every man knows for his its final destination, place and duty, responsible for and doing is his held part of the work when offered to him, and delivering it to the next man, when required. The two men who have charge of the two large circular saws, and wield their cant-hooks as skilfully as the marriner moves his tiller, which safely guides his bark along our rock bound coast, are the pendulums which move the work of the whole mill. If they neglect to do a good day's work, every man in the establishment falls short accordingly. Messrs. Browns fully appreciate the services of such men, and, doubtless, no men in NewHampshire, for doing rough and heavy work, receive larger pay, and no men more richly deserve it. In order to keep the machinery of this establishment constantly in repair, there is, connected with it, a wood shop, machine shop and blacksmith shop. To guard against fire, there is a large force pump, one of the No. 1 Amoskeag steam fire engines, and 1,500 feet of hose. The timber fields which feed their establishment, are situated principally in the towns of Carroll and Jefferson, in one unbroken lot and contain 26,000 acres. They have a railroad extending from their mill into their lumber lands, eleven miles. The rolling stock of this road is two first class engines and thirty-two cars, made expressly for their business. Besides the help of their railroad, in the winter they employ two hundred men, forty pairs of oxen, and ten spans of horses. They have a grist-miil to grind their meal, and have now on hand over 7,000 bushels of corn. The timber on their lot is about one third pine, and the larger portion of the remainder spruce. is It will require years forty to clear about this lot once over, at their present rate of doing business. At their mills, lumber lots, building railand erecting dwellings for their emploj'ees, they employ, on an average, about two hundred and fifty men, who annually receive for their labor § 131,000. The capin the roads, invested in their business, including lumber lots, is about ital $ 300,000. The total amount of long timber annually sawed in town is 19,900, 000 feet. The value of this timber, together with the planing, matching and grooving, clapboards, shingles and laths, is $472,500. town (including the tures in the lumber The manufac- total capital invested in business) $440,000; is number of hands employed, 325; annual pay roll, $ 171,350, with an annual value of manufactured production of $ 554,000. Agricultural Resources. ductions, •$ 102 750 labor, § 171,350; $ est, 17,250 banks, $ 750 ; ; money deposits pro- mechanical at inter- in savings stock in trade, $ 49, from summer tourists, S 4,000; professional business $ 30,000. Churches and Schools. Methodist, Rev. William C. Tanson, Freewill Baptist, Rev. G. pastor H. Pinkham, pastor. There are 850 ; ; ; ten schools in town, two of which are graded; average length, for the year, sixteen weeks. Whitefield Library Library. Association, 400 volumes. �WILMOT. Hotels. Whitefield House, and The latter is kept Dodge House. open only in the Summer. First Settlements. The first set- tlement was commenced here ahout 1774, by Major Burns and The town was December 1, 1804. others. ated incorpor- 371 Springfield, and affords many good water privileges in AVilmot. Mountain. The summit of Kearsarge Mountain forms the southern boundary. The Winslow House, on this mountain, and the most popular summer hotel in New-Hampshire, central is located in this town. North by Lancaster, east by Jefferson and Carroll, south by Carroll and Bethlehem, and west by Dalton and Lancaster. Area, 20,800 acres area of improv- Minerals. Felspar, of an excel- lent quality, and which has been ed land, 7,450 acres. beryls and crystals of mica. Distances. One hundred and twenty-five miles north from Con- is . Boundaries. ; and twelve south-east from Lancaster. Besides the MonRailroads. which passes treal Extension, through the town, it is expected the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, when completed, will also pass through. cord, wiohot. Merrimack County. This town is composed of hills and valleys and presents a rough surface. The pasturage is suitable The Ullage land is rocky, but, when properly cultivated, produces fair crops. The Fourth New-Hampshire Turnpike, for sheep. from Concord to Hanover, passed through this town, and before the days of railroads, was the great thoroughfare for travel, from the Connecticut River, through Concord, to Boston. But the times of the rattling stage coaches and the dull click of six and eight horse baggage wagons, as they moved through Wilmot, are far in the past, and stories of those days are as a romance to the youth of to-day. The Blackwater River Rivers. has its sources in this town and successfully used in the manufac- ture of teeth, found hero, also is At Wilmot Flat there quite a business and pleasant Village. There is a post office, one church edifice, a large school house, two stores, a large tannery one hosiery manufactory, lumber mills, tailor, carpenter, blacksmith shops, etc., besides some fifty dwelvillage. ling houses. Farming is the employment of the in- Employments. principal habitants, although the manufac- considerable and valuaThe value of woolen hose ble. and other woolen goods, annually turing is made, is over $30,000; leather tanned, $ 40,000 100,000 shingles, and 1,500,000 boards and dimension timber sawed, besides various other small shops. The value of goods, of all kinds, annually man; mactured, is about $96,300. (See tables.) Resources. Agricultural produc- tions, $97,278; $ 15, 450; 100 ; money deposits mechanical labor, at interest, $ 15, in banks, savings $ 36.970; stock in trade, $ 13,125. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. C. B. Tracy, pastor; Methodist, Elder C. E. Trussell, pastor; Union, Freewill Baptist. Rev. J. A. Knowles, pastor. There are fifteen schools ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 372 in town, two of which are graded. Average length of schools for the East year, eleven weeks. large manufacturing village. Hotel. First Winslow House. Settlement. This town was originally called Kearsarge, and was granted to Joseph Minot, Matthew Thornton and others, in 1775. received its present name from Dr. Wilmot, an Englishman, who, at one time, was considered a popular author. It was incorporated It June 18, 1807. Boundaries. North-east by Dan- by Andover, Warner and Sutton, south-west by New-London, and Area north-west by Springfield. of improved land, 15,775 acres. bury and south by Hill, east Thirty miles north- Distances. grown Wilton, where there has up, within a few years, a Here are three woolen manufactories, large tannery, fancy boxes, and portable desk factory, furniture shop, boot and shoe factory, large lumber and grist mill, besides shops for the manufacture of wooden ware and toys, custom boots and shoes, clothing &c. For the past three years, East Wilton has met with several financial reverses, caused by flood, and mis- fire, management in some of its manufactories. About three years ago, a flood on the Souhegan carried away a mill, valued at $40,000; a year later, the Wilton Manufacturing Co. lost their mill by fire and the Newell Manufacturing Co., are not in operation at pres- west from Concord. Railroad. The Northern Railroad passes through the eastern corner of the town. It is two and ent, (August 1873). New mills are being erected on the site of those one-half miles to Potter Place sta- burnt, the financial affairs of the tion, in Andover. other mill are being adjusted, and before another year, the manufacturing facilities of this village, WILTON. Hillsborough County. surface is The generally uneven, but not mountainous. The soil is strong and of an excellent quality, producing fine crops of grain and hay. The Hillsborough county farm is located here, which proves that the town contains soil of a superior grade. Clay of a good quality is found in abundance. River and Village. Souhegan is the principal river. Its main be far ahead of what they were prior to the flood and fire. With these explanations, we shall give the manufactories of Wilton as they were rendered in the census of 1870 and no doubt within one year from date, their manufacwill ; tured productions will exceed that of 1870 by more than S 100,000. There are in this village from fifteen to twenty stores of hotels, a bank, all kinds, two two churches, large branch enters Wilton near the school house, post south-west corner, and flows in and express a north-east course, till it forms a junction with several streams running from Temple and Lyndeborough. Thence it flows through the north part, and furnishes some valuable water power at two dentists, and about one hundred and fifty dwelling houses. At West Wilton, there are two stores, one hotel, school house, post office, knob factory and a number of dwelling houses. office, office, three physicians, telegraph one lawyer, �WILTON. The business is Employments. nearly equally divided between agriculture and manufacturing. With the exception of Bedford, the milk exceeds that of any sale of town being over 200, A milk car starts from this town for Boston, every morning, under the management of D. Whiting and Sons. The manufactories of various kinds, annually produce goods, as follows Newell Manufacturing Co., 300,000 pounds woolen yarn for carpets, valued at $ 150,000 Wilton Manufacturing Co.; 486,500 pounds, $232,700; Robert Dawson, carpets, in the State, 000 gallons annually. : ; $ 189,600 yards, 80,000. Wilton al- so annually produces 27,000 bush- meal and flour, $ 35,000 carts, and wagons, $ 5,200 els ; toys, ; furni- 8 50,000 A. J. Putnam & Co., upper leather and splits, $ 35,000 125,000 shingles and 1,100,000, feet ture, ; American Silex cheese factory, sale boots and shoes, $2,500; $25,000; besides blacksmiths, tin ware, coopering, tailors, milliners, boards, $23,300; $25,000; Co., carpenters, masons, painters, and other kinds of trade. The capital invested in manufactories is $319, employing 178 males, and and annually producing goods to the value of $ 695,300. 500; 116 females, Resources. tions, $ Agricultural produc- 132,392; mechanical labor, $112,760; stocks and money at interest^ 20,750 deposits in savings banks, $ 154,960 stock in trade, ; ; $ 52,750 professional ; $75,000; from summer business, tourists, This town has become quite popular as a summer resort for tourists. The Whiting House, one of the largest hotels in the $ 15,000. State, was built largely for the 373 purpose of summer keeping boarders. Baptist, Churches and Schools. Rev. S. C. Fletcher, pastor; Congregational, Rev. D. F. Adams, pastor; Unitarian, Rev. I. S. Lincoln, A. M. Pendleton, pastors. There are thirteen schools in town, four of which are graded average length, for the year, twenty-four weeks total value of school housannual amount apes, $ 10,505 ; ; ; propriated school for purposes, $3,117.39. Wilton Public Libravolumes. Wilton Savings Bank. Bank. Library. ry, 1,200 (See tables.) Hotels. road House House. Whiting House, Railat West Wilton, Fry ; First Settlement, The first set- tlement was made as early as 1738, by three families from Danvers, Mass. two by the name of Putnam, and one by the name Hannah, the daughof Dale. ter of Ephraim Putnam, was the Septemfirst child born in town. ber 7, 1773, while the people were attempting to raise their second church edifice, the frame fell, and : men were instantly killed; two died of their wounds soon afterward, and a number of others were badly injured. July 20, 1804, the same building was consideraIn bly shattered by lightning. Samuel Abbott 1815, Ezra and three erected the first potato starch mill here, and the first ever built in the State. Their first town Fair or was holden about was something new, and Cattle Show, 1826. It was well represented by people from all Among as the adjoining towns. the visitors were such men Hon. C. G. Atherton, Gov. Ben- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 374 jarnin Pierce, and other President dignitaries. Pierce, The town June 25, 1762, and derived its name from Wilton, a manufacturing district in Eng- Avas incorporated, land. First Ministers. The first church organization was effected, and the Rev. Jonathan Livermore was ordained, as its pastor, in 1763. He was dismissed in 1777, and died in Rev. Abel Fisk settled in Rev. Thomas Beede settled in 1803 dismissed in 1809. 1778; died in 1802. ; Boundaries. North by Lyndeborough, east by Lyndeborough and Milford, south by Mason, and west by Temple. Area, 15,2S0 acres area of improved land, 10,391 acres. Distances. Forty miles southwest from Concord, nine south- west from Amherst, and fifteen miles from Nashua. Railroads. The Wilton Railroad extends from Nashua to this town. This season, (1873) a railroad is being built from this road to Greenfield, and thence being extended to Peterborough to form a junction with the Monadnock Railroad. These extensions will open railroad communications with the southwestern section of the State. WINCHESTER. Cheshire County. Winchester ranks in population, wealth, and in the value of manufactured productions, as the second town in the The surface is various. In the southern part it is quite level, while other portions are more uneven. On either side of the intervals, Ashuelot are broad which are very fertile, producing grass in abundance. The soil on the uplands is generally good, when til- Ponds and Rivers. Humphrey's Pond, in the north-east part of the town, is 300 rods long and 80 rods wide, and the largest body of water. The Ashuelot River passes through the town, in a south-westerly direction. In its passage, it furnishes very extensive water power, much of it being improved. It receives the waters of Muddy and Broad brooks, and several smaller streams. Villages. 1829. county. yeilding excellent crops, led properly. There are two vilon the Ashue- lages, both situated doing considerable business, lot, Ashuelot and Winchester. is the smallest, but is extensively engaged in manufacturviz. Ashuelot ing. There are two stores, school and about dwelling houses. Winchester Village is very pleasant, with wide, shaded streets and many fine dwelling houses. There are three churches, one large graded school house, two banks, lawyers, physician and dentist offices, and over one hundred dwelling houses, Employments. The inhabitants are nearly equally divided behouse, post office, hotel, fifty tween manufacturing and agriculIt ranks in its agricultural productions as the fifth town in the county. There are three woolen manufactories, winch annually manufacture 278,000 yards Union Beaver and other woolen cloths valued at §368,800; 43,000 grey horse blankets, §118,000; six ture. lumber mills, manufacturing boards, staves, shingles and trun- valued at §72,600; one tantwo fancy box § 75,000 mills, § 28,000 one box mill, § 10, 000 grist mill, § 14,000 bedsteads, nels, nery, ; ; ; ; §6,000; carriages, §5,000; machine �WINDHAM. besides blacksmith shop, §4,000; and shoe shops, harnesses, photographers, tailors, carpenters, sons, and a few other The 397,000, of all kinds is employing 252 males and who annually receive for their labor, §158,000. and annually manufactured produce goods to the value of $741,400. There are two lawyers, five physicians, one dentist, and various oth105 females, er professions. Resources. soil, $ §5 136,784; name the Productions of the mechanical labor, and money at in- 158.000; stocks July of Arlington. 2, was granted by NewHampshire to Josiah Willard, who 1753, it settled here in 1732. trades. Capital invested in total manufactories $ ma- 375 In 1746, the town was sacked by the Indians, and the church edifice was burned, with all the private residences, and the inhabitants were obliged to seek safety in older and moie They did not secure settlements. return to resume the settlement In the sumfor nearly five years. mer of 1756, Josiah Foster and his family were taken prisoners by the Indians, Efforts to. were made at one time Dartmouth College in locate §84,598; deposits in savbanks. §65,135; stock in trade, §81,142; professional busi- this ings town, but the project was abandoned, owing to the powerful opposition made by Josiah Wil- ness, §42,000. lard, the principal landholder. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. Elijah Harmon, pastor; Methodist, Rev. Anson C. Coult, pastor; Universalist, Rev. Ashley, Congregational, ordained in 1736, dismissed in 1747; Rev. Micah Lawrence, ordained in 1764, terest, Mr. Foster, pastor; Catholic, There are twenty-three schools, three of which are graded. Average length of schools, for . the year, eighteen weeks. Num- — ber of scholars girls, 301; boys, Total value of school houses, § 18,300. Total amount annually appropriated for school purposes, There is a public high § 3.338.65. school, having two terms a year. The town appropriates § 1,000 annually for this purpose. Washington Library Library. Association, 1,200 volumes. Banks. Winchester National Bank, and the Ashuelot Savings Bank. (See tables.) 290. Winchester House and Ashuelot House. Winchester First Settlements. was originally granted by the Government of Massachusetts under First Ministers. . Rev. Joseph dismissed in 1777; Rev. Ezra Conant, settled in 1788, dismissed in 1806. North by Chester* and Swanzey, east by Swanzey and Richmond, south by Warwick, Massachusetts, and west by Boundaries. field Area, Hinsdale. Area of improved 33,534 acres. land, 13,964 acres. Distances. Sixty-five miles south-west from Concord, and thirteen south-west from Keene. Railroad. The Ashuelot Railroad passes through the town, in a south-westerly and north-easterly direction, giving it good railroad facilities. WIJiBHAM. Hotels. Rockingham County. The soil generally good, yielding fair crops of corn, oats and hay. Rivers and Ponds. Beaver River is �NEAY-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 376 is the principal stream, there is and Golden Cabot's, Policy, Mitchel's ponds are the principal collections of water. The larger porEmployments. tion of the people are engaged in The value of shoes annually manufactured is $35,000. There is a small woolen mill in town, and 1,500,000 feet of lumber are sawed, annually. Annual productions Resources. of the soil, §65,619; from mechanagriculture. ical labor, ings $ 10,300 banks, hand or deposits in sav- ; $31,422; money on $ 19,060; stock $ 14,012. Churches and Schools. The Presbyterian Church, formed in 1747, is the only one ever organized in town. The church edifice is valued at $ 10,000. There are seven at interest, in trade, Average schools. schools, for the length year, of twenty Libraries. The Nesmith Libra- was established in 1871, and now Has 1,835 volumes. Sunday School Library has 300 volumes. First was Hillsborouh County. sor Wind- a small township of less than is 100 inhabitants. The surface is varied with hills and vales. The soil is deep, strong and well adapted to grain, grass, &c. P<yid and Streams. Black Pond is the principal collection of water There are no streams of any note. Employment. Farming is the in town. principal habitants, employment of the who in- are as prosperous and happy as any farming community in the State. Agricultural Resources. uct, $15,304; $ 5,588 money mechanical labor, $ ; prod- at interest, 1,000 deposits in savings banks, $3,837; stock in trade, $ 450. There School. school in this is one public town. Average length of school, for the year, sixteen weeks. Organization. Windsor originally called " Campbell's First weeks. ry WINDSOR. upon which meadow land. considerable Settlements. Windham originally a part of derry, from which it London- was severed, and incorporated in 1739. Boundaries. North by Londonderry, east by Salem, south by Pelham, and west by Hudson and LonArea, 15,744 acres. Thirty-three miles south from Concord, and twenty south-west from Exeter. donderry. Distatices. Railroads. Manchester was Gore," and was incorporated under present name, Dec. 27, 1798. Boundaries. North-east and east by Hillsborough, south by Antrim, west by Stoddard, and north-west by Washington. Area its of improved land, 2,604 acres. Distances. Railroad. and WOLFEBOSiODGil. Lawrence Railroad depot is 2£ miles from the center of the town-; The Nashua and Rochester Railroad, now being built, passes through the town also the Nashua and Plaistow, if built. ; Thirty miles south- west from Concord, and twentyseven north-west from Amherst. Railroad. Six miles by stage to Hillsborough Bridge railway station, on the Contoocook Valley Carroll County. rough is the largest and Wolfebomost im- portant town in Carroll county, both in wealth and population. It ranks in wealth, as the twentieth, — �WOLFEBOROUGH. and 377 Village. Wolfeborough village pleasantly situated on two beautiful slopes of land, rising gently in population, as the twentyeighth town in the State. It is pleasantly situated on the south- is ern part of Lake Winnipiseogee, which touches its south-western border, while the lofty mountains from the lake. Between these slopes, and nearly in the centre of the village, Smith's River passes of Ossipee, and the rugged hills of Tuftonborough appear to form, in into the lake. the rear, walls of a gigantic for- whole presenting a view of sublime and picturesque sceneThe town is six miles square, ry. tress, the and nearly one third of its surface is is covered with water. somewhat hard The to cultivate, soil but strong and very productive. The farmers find a ready market for nearly ucts, all of their surplus prod- own town, at good Much attention has been in their prices, The river connects the principal hotels in the State. It is elegant- fully entitled to the is and summer boarding houses in don House was the village. is the Lake at Wolfeborough Bridge. this river, from In the passage of the pond to the lake, within a dis- tance of one half mile, may be found some of the best water power in the State, which is sufficient machinery which could be placed between the pond and the lake. At South "Wolfeborough is another good power, the source of which is Rust Pond. Nearly all this power is improved by the Wolfeborough Woolen Manufacturing Company. There to propel are a which all of the number of smaller streams afford power for lumber and shingle mills. and rank of a open only ly furnished, well conducted, through the Summer. Smith's, in On this street are located nearly all of the churches, school houses, the academy, banks, hotels, fifteen or twenty stores, of all kinds, and many dwelling houses. The Pavilion is one of the largest first-class and Streams. street river. ing garden produce, for the hotels Ponds span- the village on either side of the given, for a few years past, to rais- Crooked, Rust, Beach, Barton's, and Sargent's Ponds, are the principal bodies of water. Smith's Pond is six miles in length and is the source of Smith's River, which flows through Crooked Pond into is ned 'by a substantial bridge about twenty-five feet in length, which hotel. It is The Glen- built in 1873, and also a first-class hotel, finely lo- cated, having commanding views of the lake and mountain scenery; has all the modern improvements, and for architectural beauty, neat- ness, and accommodation, it is equal to the best in the country, and is kept open throughout the year. The Belvue House is a fine ho- and beautifully situated on the shores of the lake. The Lake HoThere tel is the oldest in town. are some twenty boarding houses, for the purpose of accommodating tel, summer tourists, who beautiful village in the visit this warm sea- son of the year. Mill Village, about one half mile from the lake, has considerable manufacturing, three stores, one church, and the best school house in the county. At South Wolfeborough is located the Wolfeborough Woolen Manufacturing Company, several �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 378 stores one church, a school-house, and a number of dwellings, Summer The Resorts. pleas- ant location on the lake, the many fine views of natural scenery, the excellent roads, and the extensive provisions made for the accommodation of travelers, together with the varied recreations amid mountain, lake, and country scenery, have caused Wolfeborough to be one of the most important points for summer New-Hampshire. tourists, in Those seeking health or pleasure, will find this town one of the most healthful and delightful resorts in the country. The evening excursions on the lake, by Steamboats, are delightful, and the views obtained from the deck(especially by moonlight) of the glistening waters , the islands, shores, and distant mountains, through the shades of a summer evening, are grand, and not soon forgotten by the beholder. Six miles east of the village Copple Crown Mountain, 2, is 100 feet From its summit an extenview of the surrounding coun- brings you to two mineral springs, the waters of which contain medicinal properties. These springs are visited by all classes. carriages, boats Horses, and attendants can always be obtained at the hotels. Wolfeborough can be reached from Boston by three public routes, viz. direct, byrail, over the Eastern Railroad by cars on the Boston & Maine Railroad to Dover, thence over the Cocheco to Alton Bay, thence (in warm weather) by Steamboats, ten miles, to Wolfeborough or over the Boston and Lowell, Lowell and Nashua, Nashua and Concord, and Concord and Montreal Railroads to the Weirs; thence, by boat on the lake, twenty miles, to Wolfeborough. At the ; ; present day, visitoi's Hampshire never make to New- their tour complete, without they spend a in this pleasant lake town. The estimated number of tourists who spent their vacation here, or made a brief visit last year, (1873) was ten thousand. Employments. The people are few days try can be obtained. engaged in agriculture, manufacturing, trade, hotel and boarding house keeping. The manufactur- clear day, ing high. sive Here, in a spread before the eye of the beholder, the Ocean, Mt. is Washington, the Winnipiseogee and its islands, numerous ponds, forests, and cultivated fields, all affording a grand panoramic view of nature and all its varied fornix. To " business is very important. The value of woolen blankets annually manufactured, is $180,000; value of leather annually tanned, $ 108,700. There are 125,000 pairs of sale shoes manufactured, and 300,000 shingles, and 1,850,000 feet Tumble The view Sash and of boards &c, sawed. blind and various other kinds of from its summit is similar to that of Copple Crown, but it is easier of ascent. Seven miles in a southeasterly direction, is Devils' Den, a natural curiosity, worthy of a visit from any admirer of nature. A ride of four miles from the village, mechanical business are carried on. The annual value of manu- the north-east is Down Dick Mountain." factured productions, of all kinds, is $522,500. nets, $ (See tables.) Agricultural prod mechanical labor, money at interest, $13, Resources. 146,600; $71,300; �WOODSTOCK. 014; stocks &c, $42,900; in savings banks, deposits $ 229,835 estimated amount received from summer tourists, $ 125,000 professional business, $ 100,000. Churches and Schools. Congregational, Rev. T. H. Emerson, pas; ; tor? 2d Congregational ; Christian, Rev. Lewis Philips, pastor; 1st Freewill Baptist, Rev. A. 1). Fairbanks, pastor; 2d F. W. Baptist, Christian and Methodist, united; total value of all church property, There are sixteen schools town; average length, for the total amount year, twenty weeks S 20,000. in ; money appropriated annually for school purposes, $2,505.14. Institution. WolfeLiterary borough Christian Institute is a prosperous Institution, and has a fund of $ 10,000, J. W. Simonds, A. M., is the principal. of Wolfeborough PubLibrary, 750 volumes; Charles Libraries. lic H. Parker, volumes. private library, 500 "Wolfeborough Savings Bank. (See tables.) Pavilion, Glendon, Bel- vue, Lake and Franklin Houses. Value of Hotel property, $ 175,000. Livery Stables. There are two Livery Stables, with twenty-nine horses. First Settlers. cas, Rev. Ebenezer First Minister. Allen (Congregational,) ordained in 1792 died in 1806. Boundaries. Northeast by Ossipee, south-east by Brookfield, south; west by Winnipiseogee Lake and Alton, and north-west by Tuftonborough. Area, 28,680 acres improved land, 16,694 acres. ; Distances. Forty-five miles north-east from Concord, and eight miles south-west from Ossipee. Railroads. The Wolfeborough Branch of the Eastern, Great Falls and Conway Railroad has its terminus in this town, on the shores of the lake. In the summer season, steamboats arrive and depart from the wharves at the village, several times daily, from and to all important points in and around the lake. WOODSTOCK. Grafton County. The of this large township is James Lary, B. Blake, J. LuJ. Fullerton others first settled here. and The town was named for Gen. Wolfe, an officer who was killed in the battle before Quebec, Canada, -September and on the rivers is good, and produces excellent crops of corn, grain, and hay. Much of the town is still a dense forest, and the extensive drives of mountains. The soil logs we see floating down the Merrimack in the spring, come largely from this town. Rivers. The Pemigewassett River passes through the eastern section, and receives large branches in its passage, which furnish good water power. Mountains. The Incorporated July 9th, in the north-west, tain in the west. 1770. principal ele- vations are Cushman's Mountain in the south-west, Black Mountain Gov. John Wentworth erected a splendid mansion in this town, about five miles east of Wolfeborough village. 13th, 1759. surface uneven, diversified with hills, valleys, Lake National Bank, Carrol] County Savings Bank and Banks. Hotels. 379 and Blue Moun- Among these mountains, branches of the wild Ammonoosuck, and Baker's River, and Moosehillock Brook, have �NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER. 380 On the last stream a beautiful cascade, where the waters glide smoothly on a glassy surface of rocks or tumble in a foaming cataract a distance of two hundred feet Grafton mineral their sources. Churches and Schools. is spring is in this town and its waters are strongly impregnated with sulphur and other mineral substances. The scenery in Woodis very tine. Employments. The inhabitants are employed in farming, in the summer, and lumbering in the winter. There is one large tannery, which produces leather to the value of $75,000 annually. Nearly all the lumber cut in town stock down the river in the Clapboards, shingles, and boards are sawed, to the value of $ 4,800 annually. Resources. Agricultural prodis floated logs. $44,008; ucts, $ 10,500 terest, ; $ stocks, 5,500 banks, $ 644 000 ; ; mechanical labor, and money at in- deposits in savings stock in trade, $ 19, ; from summer tourists, $ 1,000. ; Baptist, Advent, Rev. T. B. Eastman, pastor; Freewill Baptist, There are five schools average length, for the year, eleven weeks. First Settlement. This town was granted to Eli Demeritt, September 23, 1763, under the name of Peeling. It was subsequently called Fairfield, and again changed to Peeling. In 1804, it took the name of Woodstock. John Riant and others commenced the first settlement in 1773. Boundaries. North by Lincoln, east by Thornton, south by Thornton and Ellsworth, and west by Warren, Benton and Ellsworth. Area, 33,359 acres; area of im- proved land, 2,540 acres. Distances. Seventy-three miles north from Concord, and twentyone north from Plymouth. Railroad. Eight miles to Warren station, on the Montreal Rail- road. �KOCKINGHAM. 381 COUNTIES OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTER A summary statistical ical of the counties position, value and IV. State, pertaining to their geograph- of their manufactories, farm productions, railroads, newspapers, national banks, savings banks, insurance, post-offices &c. ROCKINGHAM. This county has the only territory which borders on the Atlantic Ocean, being about seventeen miles in extent. it It is bounded north by Strafford County, east by the Atlantic, from the mouth of the Piscataqua to the line of Massachusetts, south by Massachusetts, and west by Hillsborough and Merrimack Counties. The principal rivers are Piscataqua, Lamprey, SquamPawtuckaway and Spiggot. The total horse water power Rivers. 6cot, now used is 3,364. Mountains. Pawtuckaway, in Nottingham and Deerfield, and Saddleback, in Deerfield and Northwood are the principal ele- vations. Area. There are thirty-eight towns there were incorporated — in in the County, of which the reign of Charles I., two ; in the William and Mary, two two in the reign of Queen Anne seven, George L; thirteen, George II.; eight in the reign of George III.; and three by NewHampshire. It was incorporated, March 19, 1771, and named in honor of Charles Watson Wentworth, Marquis of Rockingham, by Governor Benniug Wentworth. Its greatest length is thirtyreign of Charles II., one ; in the reign of ; four miles ; greatest breadth, thirty miles. Shire towns, Exeter and Portsmouth. With the exception of Strafford County, the surface broken than that of any county in the State, and much of the land is well adapted to the raising of corn, oats, and hay, but the rust injures the wheat. In 1870, there were produced 18,596 bushAgriculture. is less els wheat, 165.682 bushels corn, 72,976 bushels oats and barley, 484,000 bushels potatoes. Orchard productions, $126,000. 745, �382 ROCKINGHAM. 000 pounds butter, 73,000 pounds cheese, 66,000 tons hay, and The total value of agricultural 6,128 pounds maple sugar. productions, of all kinds, was $2,640,000. The manufactures of the County are varied and Manufactories. important, of which men's and women's boot and shoe manufacturing much the largest branch. The stock for many of the boots and made in the county, comes from the large shoe manufactories in Lynn and Haverhill, Massachusetts, ready cut out and generally is shoes, put up in sixty pair tions, to cases, and sent by cars be bound and bottomed. workmen, the same as if were in the it to their various destina- This stock leather, is charged to the consequently, this and amount of the production, while, heretofore, Massachusetts has claimed the workmen, amount puid them, and the sale. This may duplicate New-England business, but it rightfully belongs to New-Hampshire. In 1870, the census gave the county as capital State should have the credit of the benefit of the betterments, the invested in the boot and shoe business, $ 194,000, employing 701 workmen, with annual amount of wages, $ 230,284, value of productions, $ 941,912. There is now invested in shoe business, $ 264, 000, employing 623 hands, annual pay-roll, $ 276,500, and producing 930,000 pairs of boots and shoes, valued at $ 1,059,000. There are also employed on shoes, the stock of which was put up in cases, and brought from out of the State, 1,269 hands, annual pay-roll, $ 522,600, and producing 2,937,000 pairs of boots and shoes, valued This credit of over $ 500,000, the receipts for at $ 3,167,000. the labor of over 1,200 workmen, has been given to Massachusetts, by what tangible as part of her resources, but right, we are unable to explain. Cotton Goods. This branch of business, is gradually increasing. 15,100,000 yards of cotton cloth of various widths, are annually manufactured, valued at $ 1,645,000 618,000 yards woolen goods, valued at $ 214,000 95,000 pairs hose, $ 152,000; 245,000 clap; ; and 29,667,000 feet boarda 6,355,000 shingles and laths and dimension lumber sawed, valued at $ 474,300 234,500 bushboards ; ; ; grain ground, $ 267,700, besides various other manufactories. els The 000 pay total capital invested in manufactories of all kinds, ; men employed, roll, 3,840 ; women and $ 3,926, is children, 1,362 ; annual $ 2,008,500, and value of productions, $ 11,005,000. (See tables.) Valuation and Taxes. The total assessed value of the county, in �383 STRAFFORD. 1872, was $ 24,253,032 the true value, (as assessed on two thirds ; The of the actual value) was $ 36,379,548. total State, county, town and school tax assessed was $ 421,329.28, or seventeen mills on the dollar the true per cent., eleven mills and one half. — Whole number Churches. of churches, 113, edifices, 112, seating capacity, 33,910, (or nearly 72 per cent, of all the inhabitants,) church value, $ 564,000. Total number schools, 264, number graded schools, 52 average attendance, 7,187 or 72 Schools. number ; boys, 5,106, girls, 4,792 per cent ; average length of schools for the year, twenty-five and value of school houses and lots, $ 315,185 annual ; one half weeks ; ; amount appropriated for school purposes, $ 86,922.34, averaging to each scholar, $ 8.27. The Railroads. railroad facilities in this county are very good, especially in the lower section. There are but six or seven towns but a railroad passes through some portions of in the county, it. The Manchester and Lawreuce extends from Londonderry to Methuen, Massachusetts Concord and Portsmouth, from Auburn to ; Boston and Maine, from Plaistow to Durham in Portsmouth Strafford County Eastern, from Seabrook to Kittery, Maine Portsmouth and Dover, from Portsmouth to Piscataqua bridge The Nashua and Rochester, from Windham to Lee. The whole length ; ; ; ; of railroads in the county, Miscellaneous. is about 130 miles. Total population, 47,297 —male, 22,853, 24,440; foreign, 2,819; colored, in 1860, 97, number paupers — native, white, 262, black, for the year, $ 47,000 female, 1870, 153; 4, foreign, 29 ; — white, — males, 315, criminals convicted during the year ; Whole number persons number died over 80 years 25, foreign, 3. died, 659 males, 344 83, or 12 J per cent.; ; whole expenses ; fe- num- ber died with lung disease 149, or 22# per cent. STRAFFORD. This The is the second county in the State in point of manufactures. surface is generally level, having no mountains of any magni- tude, the Blue Hills in Strafford having the highest altitude, or per- haps Frost Mountain, Dover is Rivers and Bays. Cocheco, in Farmington, is of about the same elevation. the shire town. Salmon Falls River, on Lamprey and its north-eastern border, Isinglass rivers, are the principal streams, and, in their passages, furnish some valuable water power. Great �384 STRAFFORD. Bay and county from Rockingham These streams and their tributaries, now fur- the Piscataqua, divide the county, on the east. nish 7,523 improved horse power. Boundaries &c. It contains thirteen incorporated in the reign of Charles towns, of which one was in the reign of George I., and seven under the State government. Bounded north by Carroll County, east by State of Maine and Great Bay, south by Rockingham County, and west by Belknap and Carroll Counties. It was incorporated, March 19, 1771, and named in honor of William Wentworth, Earl of Strafford. two; George II., and is three, This county Agriculture. land I.; small in territory, but is much of the valuable for farming purposes, raising good corn, oats, hay The potatoes. total number of Manufactories. In proportion to of improved land acres 94,650; annual value of productions, of its all kinds, is $ 1,146,464. population and wealth, its manufactured productions, and the amount paid for mechanical labor, exceed that of any county in the State. The value of cotton cloth annually manufactured is $ 4,474,000; of calico goods, $ 3,447, 000. At This cotton print business has increased rapidly since 1870. that date, only printing 19,000,000 yards, while the present year, There are sixty-one shoe over 31,000,000 yards. ital firms, with a cap- of $ 1,237,000, employing 2,101 males, and 356 females, with an annual pay roll of $ 1,264,000 producing 3,837,000 pairs of men's, women's, and youth's boots and shoes, valued at $ 4,937,000 4,628, 000 yards woolen goods, valued at $ 2,055,000 flour and meal, ; ; $ 292,000 also lumber, leather, oil cloth, glue ; The carriages, machinery, bobbins &c. manufactories children, is 3,201 ; men employed, $6,373,000; annual pay The on the dollar assessed, the product (See tables.) The county total State, is county, was $ 273,517.20, or eighteen mills — the true per cent. 11 There are Churches. in women and total assessed value of the $14,899,029; -true value, $22,348,544. town and school tax 4,491, $ 3,403,000, and roll, $16,916,000 worth of manufactured goods. Valuation and Taxes. and sand paper, total capital invested fifty-six J mills. church edifices, seating capacity, 19,550 (or 64£ per cent, of all the inhabitants in the county.) Value of the Schools. edifices, $ 290,000. There are 176 schools, of which 58 are graded; num- ber of boys attending school, 3,446 number of girls, 3,278 average attendance, 4,120 or 61 per cent.; average length, for the ; ; �BELKNAP. 385 value of school houses and lots, $ 238,375 annual amount appropriated for school purposes, $ 54,327.80 average amount to each scholar, $ 8.08. year, twenty-five weeks ; ; ; With Rqilroads. the exception of Strafford, nearly every town by railroad cars. The Boston and Maine Berwick in Maine Great Falls and Conway, from Maine line to Wakefield Cocheco, from Dover to New Durham and Portsmouth and Dover Railroad, from Piscataqua River in the county runs from is visited Durham to ; ; ; to Dover city ; Nashua and Rochester, from Lee Total length of railroads in the county females, 15,795 convicted foreign, ; foreign, 3,885 ; colored, 44. —white, 95 ; to Rochester. about 79 miles. Total population of the county, 30,243 Miscellaneous. 14,448, is — males, Criminals — native, 125, foreign, 180; paupers native, 195, expense for the year, $ 18,973. Whole number of deaths for the year 1870, 307 ; —males, 151, females, 153 ; died at eighty years of age and over, 26 or 8 J per cent.; number number died with lung disease, 67, or 22 per cent. BELKNAP. This county was originally a part of Strafford county, and was The surface is broken by mounand lakes, producing some beautiful scenery. The soil is good, and is well adapted to grazing, and the various kinds of productions, common to the latitude. Gilmanton Mounincorporated December 22, 1840. tains, hills, valleys tain is the principal elevation. Lakes, Bays ty is and Rivers. The north-eastern portion of the coun- watered by Winnipiseogee Lake, and Alton Bay, an arm of the lake extending about six miles into Alton. River is Winnipiseogee the principal stream, and furnishes some of the best water The horse water power is 2,899. North by Carroll County and Lake Winnipiseogee, east by Strafford County, south-west by Merrimack County, and west by Grafton County. Area, of improved land, 155,421 power in the State. Boundaries. acres. There are eleven towns, of which two were incorporated George I., two in the reign of George III., and seven by the State government. The county was named in honor of Dr. Belknap, the Historian of New-Hampshire. Shire town, Gilford. Towns. in the reign of Agriculture. There are annually raised 20,000 bushels of wheat. �386 BELKNAP. 91,000 bushels corn, 270,000 bushels potatoes, 81,000 ter, lbs. ; 438,000 lbs. but- of cheese, 40,000 lbs. maple sugar, 39,000 tons of The total value The manufactures of the county are considera- hay, and $ 391,000 worth of cattle of farm productions, Manufactories. is fit for slaughter. $ 1,637,000. (See tables.) and rapidly increasing, the most important of which are cotton goods, $ 923,000 cotton and woolen hose, $ 750,000 woolen goods, flour and meal, $ 168,000; passen$183,000; lumber, $ 274,000 ger and freight cars, and repairs, $ 700,000 besides other important mechanical works. The total capital invested in manufactories, is $ 1,424,500, employing 1,212 males, and 892 females, with annual pay roll of $743,200. and producing $3,499,400. (See ble, ; ; ; ; tables.) Valuation and Taxes. 1872, was $ 6,107.000 Total assessed value of the county, in The true value, $ 9,081,500, ; total amount of State, county, town and school tax collected was $131,058.34, or twenty-one and one half mills to the dollar, true per cent, fourteen and a half mills. Whole number Churches. $158,500. Schools. of church edifices, 47 seating capac- ; (or 68 per cent, of the population;) church 12,135; ity, value, (See tables.) Total number of schools, 154, of which seventeen are graded; number of male scholars attending school, 1,892; females, 1,654; average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks; amount of money annually appropriated total $ 18,159.45, or $ 5.30 to each scholar for school purposes, value of school ; lots and school houses, $87,545. Railroads. the county. Railroads pass through seven of the eleven towns in The Boston and Montreal Railroad extends from ton to Ashland; Bay. The two miles. and the Cocheco, from New-Durham total length of railroads, in the county, is Miscellaneous. Total population of the county, 8,508, females, 9,093. white natives, 52, Crime Foreign, 687 colored, 8, —number convicted, colored, ; foreign, 18 for the year ; ; 122 cent number died over eighty ; ; about thirty- 17,681 41. Til- Alton — males, Paupers — annual expense, 5,000. white, 3. of deaths in the county, for the year, 223 to Whole number —males, 101, females, years of age, 31, or nearly 15 per died with lung disease, 52, or over 23 per cent. �387 CARROLL. CARROLL. is one of the mountain and lake counNew-Hampshire, having some of the finest natural scenery It is broken by mountains and hills, but the United States. This Ossipee, shire town. ties in in much of the soil is productive. Elvers and Lakes. Saco, Pine, Bearcamp, Ossipee, and branches This counof the Salmon Falls River, are the principal streams. ty being the source of many considerable streams, they are, consequently, not large enough within itsterritory to furnish a perma- nent supply of water power for large manufacturing establishments however, it is very valuable, and turns many water wheels. ; The improved horse water power is 1812. Winnipiseogee and Ossipee Lakes are the principal bodies of water. Tourists, in the summer, find pleasant recreation at many points on their shores. Mountains. Ossipee, Red Hill, Chocurua, Whiteface and CarMountains are the highest elevations. North by Grafton and Coos counties, east by the State of Maine, south by Strafford County, and south-west and west by Lake Winnipiseogee and Grafton County. Area of imter Boundaries. proved land, 175,319 acres. It was originally a part of Strafford County, and was incorporated December 22, 1840. It contains seventeen towns, eight of which were incorporated during the reign of George the III., and nine under the State government. Some of the land is cold, but excellent for grazing. Agriculture. In 1870, 17,000 bushels of wheat. 108,000 bushels corn, 328,000 bushels potatoes orchard productions, $ 68,000 505,000 lbs. butter 16,000 lbs. cheese, 176,000 lbs. maple sugar, 50,000 tons of ; ; ; hay ; and cattle sold, ready for slaughter, $ 286,000. The total farm productions was $ 1,808,000. The manufacture of men's and women's boots Manufactures value of all in value any other manufactured production, employing 182 hands, with annual pay roll of $ 64- and shoes exceeds in the county, 000, and producing boots and shoes Woolen goods are produced to the to the value of $ 400,000 value of $ 185,000, men's flour leather tanned, $ 306,000 and women's hose, $ 45,500 The total capital inand meal, $ 74,200, and lumber, $ 161,000. vested in manufactories, of all kinds, is $ 583,000; employing 764 ; ; males, and 107 females ; annual pay roll, $ 295,800, and product of goods valued at $ 1,459,100. Valuation and Taxes. The assessed valuation of the county, in �MERRIMACK. 388 1872, was $ 5,228,812— true valuation, 8 7,843,218. The total and school tax assessed, was $ 123,679.22, or State, county, town, twenty-three mills to the dollar ity, 10,830, (or 63 Churches valued cent, sixteen mills. the county, 46 ; per cent, of the inhabitants of seating capacthe. county.) at $ 65,500. Whole number Schools. —the true per Number of churches in Churches. — 2,476, female, 1,925 of schools, 187 ; number of male schol- average attendance, 3,113, or 71 percent number average length of schools, for the year, seventeen weeks of graded schools, four amount of money annually appropriated for ars ; ; ; ; school purposes, J^ailroads. Conway ; •$ 20,342.56, or $ 4.60 to each scholar in the county. Great Falls and Conway, from Middleton to North Portland and Ogdensburg from Maine State line to Wolfeborough Railroad, Conway, through to Upper Bartlett from the shore of Lake Winnipiseogee in Wolfeborough, to WakeThe total length field, on the Great Falls and Conway Railroad. of railroads, in the county, is about fifty three miles. ; Miscellaneous. Population of the county, 17,333 females 8,575; foreign, 176, colored, 13. year, 1870 — 142 males, and 159 females. years and over, 36, or nearly 12 per cent — males, 8,758, Number of deaths in the Number died at eighty ; died with lung disease, 70, or 23 per cent. MERRIMACK. Concord With is theshire town of the county, and capital of the State. the exception of Belknap, this is the only county in the State a portion of the border of which does not touch some other State. Its surface is broken by mountains, hills, and valleys, dotted with lakes and ponds, The and lined with numerous rivers and streams. on the rivers and streams, is very productive, while the and mountain sides, are good for grazing. soil hills A portion of Sunapee Lake lies within its borLakes and Rivers. and it and Webster Lake, in Franklin, are the principal bodies of water. Merrimack, Pemigewasset, Winnipiseogee, Contoocook, Soucook, Suncook, Warner and Black water rivers are the principal streams. The total improved horse, water power is 8,740. Kearsarge, Ragged, Rattlesnake and Fort mounElevations. ders, tains, are the principal elevations. Boundaries. North by Grafton and Belknap counties, east by Rockingham County, south by Hillsborough County, and west by �389 MERRIxMACK. Sullivan County. It contains twenty -six towns, four of which were incorporated in the reign of George government. ham and was originally a part of the counties of Rocking- It Hillsborough, and was incorporated July 23, 1823. The number of manufactories, of various Manufactories. is two in the reign of George I., seven in the reign of George III., and thirteen under the State II., kinds, Amount number of men 446, steam horse power 764, water horse power, 8,740. of capital invested in manufactories, $ 6,654,000 ; amount annually employed, 4,567, women and children, 1,957 paid for labor, $ 2,777,000. The value of manufactured products, ; in sixteen towns, is respectively over $ 50,000, ten over $ 200,000, and annually produced, of manufactured goods, of all kinds, in value, $ 12,771,000 worth, the most important of which are 33,634,000 yards of cotton cloth, valued at $ 2,609,000 There six over $ 500,000. is ; 2,561,000 yards woolen cloths, of all kinds, valued at $ 1,801,000 ; 121,000 dozen pairs cotton and woolen hose, of various kinds, $ 381,000; 3,521 tons paper, of all kinds, $ 843,000 ; also lumber, and meal, $ 788,000 leather tanned, $ 354,000 foundries, carriages, of all kinds, $ 650 000 furniture, $ 400,000 $280,000; railroad repair shops, $ 290,000; boots and shoes, 930, leather hose and belting, $ 390,000 organs and melodeons, 000 $120,000; harnesses, $270,000; and granite and marble dressed $ 411,000 flour ; ; ; ; ; ; ; or quarried, $ 800,000 besides other manufactories of lesser note ; but important. Agricultural. county is The number of acres of improved land, number of horses, 4,939, cattle, 28,828, 317,344; 32,447, swine, 3,819 ; the sheep, bushels of wheat annually produced, 28,215, rye, 5,166, corn, 184,662, peas tons of hay,72,467, in and beans, number of pounds of 5,631, potatoes, 429,650, wool, 138,079, butter, 705, 516, cheese, 167,903, maple sugar, 89,802, honey, 6,630; gallons of milk sold, 147,215, maple molasses, 1,079. Estimated value of live stock, $1,886,649, ucts sold, $ 22,363 ; orchard products, $100,345; garden prod- animals slaugh450,000 Estimated value of farm products, in- forest products, $ tered, or sold, $ 575,055. ; cluding betterments $ 3.103,071. Money and $ 2,864,361 ; Stocks. $ 50,000 deposited. est, $ 687,062. Total amount of deposits in savings banks, eight towns have over $ 100,000, Total amount of and seventeen, over money on hand or at inter- Total value of shares in corporations, and stocks in public funds, $ 552,388. Assessed value of stock in trade, in �MERRIMACK. 390 True value 1872, $ 961,012. tual value) $ 1,441,568. on two thirds of the ac- (as assessed Total assessed value of the county, $ 21, True value, $ 32,084,189. 389,459. State tax, $81,408 Taxes. tax, $224,281.66 on the dollar county tax, $ 37.000 ; town and ; city total tax assessed, $342,689.66, or sixteen mills : — true per cent. 10.7 mills. Total number of districts, 308 number of schools, 334 number boys, 4,477 girls, 4 419 number of graded schools, 46 number of male teachers, 90 female teachers, 444 annual amount Schools. ; ; ; ; ; expended for school purposes, $ 58,564.56 school-houses and for schools, 52 Churches. ity, lots, $ 231,760 academies, 5 ; Number ; ; ; estimated value of number of school-houses ; —male unfit pupils, 310, female, 274. of churches, 76; edifices, 75 25,083, (nearly 60 per cent, of all ; seating capac- the inhabitants) value, ; 8 501,500. The Merrimack County, exceed The Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad extends from Concord, through Canterbury and Railroads. railroad facilities of those of any other county in the State. Northfield, to Tilton ; Northern extends from Concord through Boscawen, Franklin, Andover, Wilmot, to Danbury Branch extends from Franklin through Hill to Bristol Bristol ; Concord ; and Claremont extends from Concord, through Hopkinton, Warner, and Sutton to Bradford; Sugar River Railroad extends from BradContoocook Valley Railroad ford through Newbury to, Sunapee extends from Hopkinton through Hopkinton, Henniker to HillsConcord and Nashua extends from Concord through borough Bow and Hooksett, to Manchester; Concord Railroad, (east side of Merrimack River) extends from Concord, through Pembroke and Allenstown to Hooksett; Suncook Valley extends from Allenstown ; ; through Epsom to The Pittsfield. total number of miles of roads in the county, not including side tracks, railroad passes through the county. No is rail- A about 160. some portion of the twenty-six towns railroad passes the borders of Salisbury, in New- London, Webster, Dunbarton, Loudon and Chichester. Miscellaneous. males, 21,433 ; population, 42,151 Total colored, 96 whole number paupers, 244 ses, $ 27,837. year, 146 ; — natives, 200, Whole number —natives, ; 20,718, foreigners, foreigners, 44 ; fe- 3,949 ; expen- of criminals convicted, during the Whole number died, 575 number died over eighty years of age, 48, foreign, 98. males, 281, females, 294 — males, natives, 38,202, �HILLSBOROUGH. 71, or 12 1-3 per cent, or nearly 28 i per cent. years one in every eight lived Number years of age and over. Forty died 391 in the till eighty died with lung diseases, 166, or town of Hopkinton, 10 over 80 21 over 70 years and 27 over 50 years of age. ; HILLSBOROUGH. This is the largest and most important county in the State, in The wealth, population, and manufactures. surface is varied, por- and mountains On the Merrimack, it is more level. There are no high mountains in the county the mountains in Lyndeborough, Greenfield, Peterborough, Hancock and Francestown having the greatest altitude. Rivers and Ponds. It is well watered by numerous streams, the most important of which are the Merrimack River, passing through the eastern part of the county, from north to south the Contoocock River, running through the western section, from south to north The Souhegan, passing through the southern portion, from east to west the Nashua, coming from Massachusetts, passing through part and the Piscataquog, in the northern secof Hollis and Nashua These rivers, together with their tion, flowing from west to east. tributaries, furnish good water privileges through the county. The horse water power improved is 18,770, or nearly double that of any There is much good power which still recounty in the State. mains unimproved, in all sections of the county. A portion of tions being broken by hills ; ; ; ; ; Massabesic Lake lies in the eastern section of the county, while there are considerable ponds in Hancock, Hollis, Brookline, Fran- cestown, and Amherst. Boundaries. It contains thirty-one towns, ten of corporated in the reign of George II., which were in- twelve, in the reign of and the remainder by the government of New-Hampbounded north by Merrimack County, east by Rockingham County, south by Massachusetts, and west by Cheshire and Area of improved land, 287,451 acres. IncorSullivan Counties. porated March 19, 1771, and received its name from the Earl of Hillsborough, one of the privy council of George III. Shire towns, County Records, kept at Amherst, Manchester, and Nashua. George III., shire. It is Nashua. Agriculture. Much of the territory is well adapted to the various crops usually raised in this section of the country. the number of acres In proportion to cultivated, (with the exception of Grafton and �392 HILLSBOROUGH. Coos Counties,) the value of any county of the in Manufactories. State, done is 000 ; Nearly one third of is equal to that of those all the manufacturing in the The number yards in this county. annually manufactured, all kinds, crops its (See tables.) State. cotton goods, of 112,025,000, valued at $ 16,800, is woolen goods 1,952,000 yards, valued at $ 1,098,000 dozen pairs woolen hose, valued at $ 440,000 of all varieties, $1,054,000; 144,000 ; 2,040 tons paper, ; 154,500 pairs of men's and women's boots and shoes, $258,000; 35,148,000 feet of lumber, $619,000; 746,000 bushels flour and meal ground, $ 819,000 The ; leather tanned, and machine-shop business, such manufacturing locomotives, and all classes of machine work, $ 432,000. twice as much iron foundry as is as that of all the rest of the counties in the State, The total capital invested in number of manufacturing estab- being over $ 5,000,000 annually. manufactories is 588 lishments, amount paid ; $ 15,990,000 ; males employed, 8,270, fema'es, 7,460 annual value of manufactured goods, ; for labor, $ 6,323,000 ; $ 31,464,000. Valuation and Taxes. $ 37,115,441 ;—true The town and school tax assessed 16 mills on the dollar ChureJies. total assessed value of the value, $55,673,016. in The county total State, is county, 1872, was $ 588,065.05, or about —the true per cent., 10J mills. There are 90 churches, and 72 church edifices, capa- ble of seating 36,736 persons, or 57 per cent, of the population of Value of church property, $ 819,500. There are 374 schools, of which 93 are graded. Numaverage attendance ber boys attending school, 6,624, girls, 6,405 for the year, 8,992 or 67 per cent.; average length of schools, for the year, 25 weeks value of school houses and lots, $481,680 anthe county. Schools. ; ; ; nual amount appropriated for school purposes, $ 121,961.94 ; aver- age amount to each scholar, $ 10.14. There are over one hundred and twelve miles of railThe Concord railroad extends from Hooksett line to Nashua; Manchester and Lawrence, runs from ManchesConcord and Portsmouth, from Manchester to ter to Londonderry Railroads. way track in the county. ; Auburn Manchester and North Weare, from Manchester to Weare Wilton, from Nashua to East Wilton; thence by the Peterbor- ; ; ough, through Lyndeborough, and Greenfield, to Peterborough ; Nashua and Lowell, to State line; Worcester and Nashua, to State line Nashua and Acton, to State line Peterborough and ; ; �CHESHIRE. Shirley, from State line to Greenville to Peterborough ; 393 Monadnock, from ; Contoocook Valley, from Henniker Jaffrey, line to Hills- borough Bridge. Population of the county, 64,238 Miscellaneous. females, 34,217; foreign, 11,472; colored, 124; —males, 30,021, criminals convict- — — ed natives, 124, foreign, 201; paupers natives, 171, foreign, 95 pauper expenses for the year, % 47,735. Whole number of deaths for the year, 918 males, 458, females, 460; number died over eighty years, 82, or 10 per cent.; number died with lung disease, ; — 262, or over 28 per cent. CHESHIRE. This is State in becoming one of the most enterprising counties its variety of manufactories. of the county uneven, but is much The of the surface in soil is in the many parts productive, yield- ing fine crops, especially in those towns bordering on the Connecticut river. The Connecticut washes Rivers. gether with power its western border, the Ashue- through the county in a south-westerly direction, and lot flows its tributaries, furnishes the larger portion of the Cold in the county. Rver passes through to- water north-west its corner, and branches of the Contoocook water three or four towns on eastern border, affording its some proved horse water power of the county Monadnock Mountain, Mountains. county, is is The im- water power. 6,310. in the eastern part of the the highest elevation in the middle and southern sec- West River Mountain tion of the State. is fine in the south-west part, quite an elevation. Boundaries. towns, of which eight George II., ten, in the reign of George III., and five under the government of New-Hampshire. Bcunded north by Sullivan County, east by Hillsborough County, south by Massachusetts, and west by Vermont. Its greatest length is contains twenty-three It were incorporated in the reign of thirty-one miles, greatest breadth, twenty-six miles. porated Keene March is 19, 1771, and was named after It was incor- a county in England. the Shire town. Ai/rictdiure. this county. Some Much of the best farming towns in the State are in attention is given to the raising of tobacco, on the Connecticut and the lower part of the Ashuelot rivers. ly two hundred thousand pounds are annually produced. Near- The �CHESHIKE. 394 number acres of improved land is This county Manufactories. Woolen manufactured. 260,517 ; annual value of agri- (See tables.) cultural productions, $1,887,856. noted for is its variety of goods goods, consisting of beaver cloths, tricots, &c, diagonals, flannels, horse blankets are annually produced to the value of $ 2,369,000, exceeding that of any county in the State; cotton goods, $250,500; er tanned, $ 1,297,000 and all shoes, $ 190,000 paid boots ; besides their are chairs, tubs, pails, toys of of manufactories of every description, vested, S 3,325,000 amount leath- ; and meal ground, $ 251,000 machine work, granite dressing &c, &c. kinds, paper, number ; 24,028,000 feet lumber, $ 441,000 flour ; is 371 males employed, 3,241, females, 702 ; labor, for value $1,737,000; The capital in- ; ; annual productions, of $7,911000. Valuation and Taxes. The assessed valuation of the county, in 1872, was % 14,956,599; true valuation, % 22,434,898. The State county, town aud school tax, was $ 239,367.48, or 16 mills on the dollar — true per cent. 10 mills. Churches. Number churches, and church edifices, 62, capahle of seating 25,083 persons, or 92 per cent, of the population of the coun- Value of church property, $425,680, far exceeding that of any county in the State, in proportion to wealth and population. There are 259 schools, of which 49 are graded; numSchools. ty. ber of scholars ; boys, 3,236 ; girls, 2,964; through the year, 4,711, or 76 per cent ; average attendance, average length of schools, for the year, 19 weeks; value of school houses and lots, $ 161,120 annual amount appropriated for school purposes, $ 43,823, or $ ; 7. 05 to each scholar in the county. Railroads. There are twelve towns in the county, in which a The Cheshire Railroad, railroad passes through some part of it. from Bellows Falls in Vermont to Massachusetts line, 42| miles the Ashuelot, from Keene to Vermont Hue, 231 miles Monadnock, from Massachusetts line to Peterborough line, about 11 miles. ; ; Miscellaneous. Population in 1870, 27,265— males,13,653; females, 22 persons convicted of natives, 24; annual exnatives, 7, foreign, 15; paupers cr i me Whole number of deaths for the year, 338 males, penses, $ 6,700. number died over eighty years of age, 52, or females, 166 172, 14 per cent.; number died with disease of the lungs, 81, or 24 per 13,612 ; foreign, 1,802, colored, 15 in 1870, — — ; cent. ; — �395 SULLIVAN. SULLIVAN. One of the Connecticut River counties ; the surface is broken by many and river valleys, It is an excellent county for and interesting. portions, very grazing, and nearly 40,000 sheep roam over its hills, and on its Croydon and Green mountains, in the northern mountain sides. mountains, making the hills scenery, in fine and western section of the county, are the highest elevations. Lake and Rivers. Suuapee Lake lies principally in this county on its extreme eastern border, and is the largest body of water. Sugar River has its source in Sunapee Lake, and, together with its Little Sugar branches, waters over three fourths of the county. t flows from east to west ers have their rise in its southern limits, and joins the Branches of Cold and Ashuelot riv- through Connecticut in Charlestown. the southern section of the these streams furnish good water privileges, about couuty. All of half of which Improved horse water power, in the county, 3,737. North by Grafton County, east by Merrimack and Hillsborough Counties, south by Cheshire County, and west by Area of improved land, 220,517 acres. It contains Vermont. fifteen towns, one of which was incorporated in the reign of George II., nine in the reign of George III., and five under the State government. Incorporated July 5, 1827, named in honor of Hon. John Sullivan, one of the presidents under the new constitution. are improved. Boundaries. Shire town, Newport. Agriculture. the soil is very Along the streams, particularly the Connecticut, and the uplands are generally productive. fertile, The county has been noted, for many years, for the large quantity and excellent quality of butter and cheese it produces, amounting The annual to about 600,000 lbs. butter and 100,000 lbs. cheese. value of agricultural productions is $ 1,559,177. (See tables.) There are only four towns in the county which have manufactories to any extent, or an annual value of productions amounting to over $100,000. The most important manufacManufactories. tures are paper, $ 400,000 leather, $ 217,000 ; woolen, $ 61 1,000 cotton, $ 464,000 lumber, $ 164,000 boots and shoes, $ 422,000 ; ; ; ; ; men's and women's hose, $ 35,000. The total value of manufactured goods, annually produced, is $ 2,663,000. (See tables.) Valuation and Taxes. The assessed valuation, in 1872, was $8, 929,030—true valuation, $ 13,393,546. The State, county, town �GRAFTON. 396 and school was $ 105,144.95, or 13 mills on the dollar tax, —true per cent, about 8 mills. There are 54 church Churches. 425 persons, or 85 per capable of seating 15, edifices, cent, of its population ; value of church prop- erty, $ 180,700. There are 172 Schools. ber of scholars schools, of — boys, 2,080 girls, ; which 16 are graded; numaverage attendance, 1,725 ; through the year, 2,589, or 67 per cent.; average length of schools, for the year, 20 weeks; value of school houses and lots, $82,025; amount of money annually appropriated for school purposes, $ 29, 525.52, or $ 7.52 to each scholar in the county. Railroads. Railroads pass through only five towns in the coun- The Sugar River Railroad ty. port, Claremont where to passes through Sunapee and New- forms a junction, with the Sullivan it County Railroad, which extends from Windsor Vermont through Cornish, Claremont and Charlestown to Bellows Falls. The length of railroads in the county 8,830, females, 9,228 victed of crime is about 46 miles. Population of the county, in 1870, 18,058 Miscellaneous. colored, 43 foreign, 1,015, ; — natives, 10, — males, persons con- ; number of paupers, na- foreign, 6, annual expense, $13,402.38. Whole number of deaths for the year males, 112, females 138 num- 180; tives, foreign, 12; — ; ber died over eighty years of age, 25, or 10 per cent ; number died with disease of the lungs, 77, or 30 per cent. GRAFTON. This is in point The one of the largest and most important counties in the State, of territory, population, and surfoce, in the eastern portion, agricultural broken by is productions. hills and lofty mountains, and affords some of the grandest scenery in America. Its western portion borders on the Connecticut, extending for a The soil, on the rivers, is of distance of nine towns, on that river. the best quality, and, together with the abundant crops of grass, grain, and hilly portion, produces all the fruits common to the climate. Mountains. to the In the northern sections, are mountains belonging White Mountain range, Franconia Mountains and gan Mountain; a little to the south-west while at the east and south-east terville, is is Carrri- Moosehillock, in Benton, a part of the Whiteface, in and the Campton Mountains, in Campton, and Wa- vicinity. �GRAFTON. Rivers and Lakes. Connecticut and its rivers, in the the county. of in Mascomy branches in the water the Squam Lake, in the the southern section, and in the south-western section of the county, are the bodies of water. principal its Part of Newfound Lake south-eastern section, Mascomy Lake northern part, The Pernigewasset and portions it is watered by the which are Lower and section, tributaries, the largest of Wild Arnmonoosuc southern section. central In the western 397 The streams furnish abundant water power, while the lakes prove excellent reservoirs for a constant The improved horse water power of the county is 11,6-40. Boundaries. North by Coos County, east by Coos, Carroll, and Belknap counties, south by Merrimack and Sullivan counties, and west by Vermont. There are thirty-eight towns, of which twenty-three were incorporated under the reign of George III., and fifteen under the State government. Incorporated March 19, 1771, and received its name in honor of Augustus Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Grafton. Shire towns, Plymouth and Haverhill. supply of water through droughts. is the agricultural county of the State. It contains 442,738 acres of improved land, and 230,300 acres of farming has 12,748 cows, 6,685 working oxen, Grafton Agriculture. wood land. Its farms are valued at over $ 12,100,000 implements, $ 646,000. It 14,562 other cattle, 7,135 horses, and 86,681 sheep. ; annually It produces 57,800 bushels wheat, 198,165 bushels corn, 433,000 bushels oats and barley, 1,078,000 bushels potatoes, 140,000 tons hay 446,000 lbs. 000 maple sugar lbs. ; wool, 1,100,000 lbs. butter, 190,000 lbs. cheese, 650, value of orchard productions, $115,000; val- ; ue of slaughtered animals, 8 600,000, and total value of all agricultural productions annually raised, $ 4,034,900. Some of the finest farming country in the United States, is to be found in the Connecticut valley, in this county. Manufactories. manufactures are varied and important, but Its not as extensive as in some of the southern counties in the State. There are annually produced, furniture, doors, er wood work to the value of $ 1,000,000 ; and sash, blinds oth- woolen goods, $694, men's and women's hose, t 213,000 lumber, and meal, $ 583,000 leather, $ 319,000 starch, bebuck and leather gloves and mittens, $ 140,000 $ 150,000 sides, machine shop work, and other manufactures too numerous to mention. There are 658 manufactories, of all kinds, representing 000 ; paper, $330,000 $ 948,800 ; ; flour ; ; ; ; ; �398 coos. a capital of $ 2,771,000, employing 2,635 males and 417 females, with an annual pay roll of $ 1,232,000, and producing goods to the value of $ 5,775,900. Railroads. There are twenty towns in the county through some There are also five which a railroad passes. towns on the Connecticut River, which are well accommodated with railroad facilities by the Passumpsic Railroad, passing alon^ on portion of Length of the opposite side of the river, in Vermont. railroads, about 128 miles. There are 72 churches, and 77 church Churches. edifices num- ; ber of sittings, 24,631, or 63 per cent, of the whole population of the county ; graded ; value of church property, $ 248,700. Number Schools. of schools in the county, 415, of which 33 are number of scholars —boys, 4,977, girls, 4,391 attendance, for the year, 5,786, or 66 per cent schools, for the year, 18 $ 189,925 weeks value of school houses and ; amount of money annually appropriated ; average ; average length of ; for lots, school purposes, $ 51,684.22, or $ 5.52 to each scholar. Valuation and Taxes. The valuation, as assessed in 1872, was 8 15,037,880— true valuation, The $22,556,820. State, county town, and school tax, was $ 288,238.62, or 19 mills on the dollar true per cent. 12| mills. Miscellaneous. males, 19,287 foreign, 17 ; ; Population, in 1870, 39,103 foreign, 2,256 —males, 19,816, fe- — natives, 319, convicted of crime —na- colored, 41; paupers ; expenses, $ 30,208 ; persons Whole number of deaths, through the year males, 237, females, 244; number died over eighty years of age, 60, number died with lung disease, 153, or 32 or about 12? per cent tives, 11, foreign, 3. ; per cent. COOS. This county and is lies in the extreme northern part of New-Hampshire, the largest county in the State, extending north and south 76 miles, and averaging, east and west, 20 miles, and having an area of nearly 1,000,000 acres. by lofty mountains, lies and Much of its territory is broken In the southern part unfit for cultivation. the larger portion of the White Mountain range, covering an area of nearly 200 square miles, or 128,000 acres ; on the west side are the Stratford Peaks, while near the centre of the county ebrated Dixville Notch. is the cel- There are many other mountains, which, �399 coos. if located in grand and the southern portion of the State, would lofty, but the towering peak of be called Mount Washington magnitude in this locality. Mountainous regions, in any country, are generally considered no more than a barren waste, but these are an exception to the general For nearly three months, through the sumrule in this country. mer, nearly every mountain pass is teeming with human life. Here among these mountains have been reared some of the largest hotels in the country, which, in elegance of finish and magnitude, would Here are represented all the style vie with any city on the globe. and fashion of society, from the belles of New- York and Boston, eclipses their to the tidy waiter girls of Coos, who pass them their savory dishes ; from the millionaire and man of fashion to the simple fisherman, with his basket on his shoulders, and rod in hand, or the bold mountaineer with his braded staff and hook ready to scale the and brave the dangers of the lofty mountain sides. The numwho visit these mountains and vicinity, through the season, is estimated at not less than 20,000, making a constant population, including help, of 8,000 from two to three months. The amount derived from this source alone is not less than $ 1, 000,000, and these mountains are of more value to the county, than are the rich meadow lands on the Connecticut. Most of the ungranted lands are within the limits of the county, viz. Dartmouth College, Gilmanton and Atkinson Academies Wentworth's Location, Crawford's Grant; also Carlisle No. 1, Webster No. 2, and Hubbard's No. 3. Rivers and Lakes. The Androscoggin and its tributaries water its north-eastern portion the Connecticut and its branches, the most important of which are Hall's, Indian, Mohawk, Upper Ammonoosuc, Israel's and John's rivers, water the western portion, while branches of the Saco and Lower Ammonoosuc water the steeps ber of people ; southern part. A large portion of Umbagog Lake lies in the east- ern section, and the chain of Connecticut Lakes lies in the northern section of the county, and they are the most important bodies Much of the water power remains unimproved. The improved horse water power is 4,449. Boundaries. North-west and north by Canada, east by Maine, south by Carroll and Grafton counties, and west by Vermont. It contains 26 towns, five of which were incorporated in the reign of George III., and the remainder by the State government. Incorof water. �400 coos. porated December 24, 1803, under the name of Coos, which is the Indian name of the Connecticut, and signifies crooked. The Shire towns are Colebrook, in the northern judicial district, and Lancaster, in the southern. Agriculture. It but it is is a little too far north for the raising of much fruit, the best county in the State for grass and grain, and attention given to the growing of livestock. is Some much of the fiuest can be found in Whitefield, and in the The total value of farm pioductions, is $1,395,063 annually; improved land, 120,000 acres, or $ 11.62 to each acre. In Illinois it is $ 10.87 to the acre. farm lands in the State, river towns, on the Connecticut. The manufacturing of lumber is the most extenmore than half of the manufactured products in the county. 2,634,000 clapboards, 21,176,000 shingles and laths, and 86,650,000 feet of boards and dimension timber are annually sawed, and valued at $ 1,427,800. There is flour and meal, % 169- Manufactories. sive business, being 000, leather, $101,000, paper, $40,000, woolens, $ 12,000, starch, $ 143,000, besides, carriages, machine shop and foundry work, and mechanical work, annually produced, the total amounting to over $ 2,582,000. (See tables.) Valuation and Taxation. Assessed valuation, in 1872, $ 4,946,910 — true value, $ 7,420,365. The State, county, was $98,272.95, or 19f mills on the dollar town and school tax —true per cent. 13£ mills. Churches. There are 24 churches, and 23 church ber of seatings, 5,050, or 35 per cent, of its edifices population ; num- —value of church property, $ 49,500. There are 148 Schools. of scholars — boys, 1,954, schools, 11 of girls, 1,749 ; which are graded ; number average attendance at schools through the year, 2,151, or 60 per cent.; average length of schools value of school houses and lots, $ 48,125 for the year, 16 weeks, ; annual amount of money appropriated for school purposes, $ 17, 779, or $ 4.78 to each scholar in the county. Railroads. The White Mountains Eailroad extends from Beth- lehem to Northumberland, and forms a junction with the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad which extends from Maine line to Vermont line. These lines of roads will convey persons direct to almost any section of the country county 75. ; number miles of railroads in the (See tables.) Miscellaneous. Population in 1870, 14,932 —males, 7,955, fe- �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. males, 6.977; foreign, 1,015 crime — natives, 2 support, $ 14,560. ; paupers ; colored, 10 —natives, 80 Number persons convicted ; foreign, 60 ; of deaths for the year, cent.; ; of expense of — 83 males, and number died over 80 years of age, 7, number died with disease of the lungs, 52, 79 females 401 ; or over 4 per or over 32 per cent, of all the deaths. GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. New-Hampshire is bounded north by Canada East, east by Maine, by the Atlantic Ocean and Massachusetts, south by Massachusetts, and west and north-west by Vermont and Canada East. It is situated between 42° 40' and 45° 16' north latitude, and 70° 35' and 72° 27' longitude west from Greenwich, or 5° 30' and 6° 15 longitude east from Washington. Its extreme length running north and south is 168 miles. Greatest width, measuring south-east v from the easternmost point in the town of Rye due west to the Connecticut River, is 90 miles. North of latitude 43° it gradually decreases in width, and at its northern extremity is only 19 miles wide. The area is 9,280 square miles, or 5,939,200 acres, of which about 100,000 are covered with water. The State is divided into ten counties and 236 towns and besides several grants in Carroll, Grafton and Coos the towns three were incorporated in the reign of Charles during the reign of Gharles II., two under William der Queene Anne, fifteen under George George 86 under George I., cities, counties. III., I., Of one two ununder thirty-seven and 90 under State government. hills, valleys and plains, dotted with silver lakes and lined with sparkling streams. The soil is varied, some being of the best quality, and some more sterile and requirnig more cultivation, but the advantages of a home market largely make up for some of its hard and rough soil, and The II., surface is III., diversified with mountains, there are but few States in the Union, which produce larger crops than New-Hampshire. Its mountain streams furnish some of the best water power in the world, which has built up manufacturing cities and large villages in every section of the to the acre �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. 402 Around these villages are fine farms and thrifty farmers, who always find a ready market for all their surplus productions, Their sons and daughters, who do not prefer at advanced rates. agriculture, can find other employments near their own homes, State. either in teaching, mercantile or mechanical to suit the diverse genius of all classes. It work of every variety is a noted fact that the any country with mountains, hills valleys, more diversified plains, lakes and rivers, the more diversified are the people who Nature never designed that live there in their occupations of life. the gifts or ingenuity of all men should be alike, any more than it designed that they should look alike, and if they are placed in a position where there is no chance to receive the rudiments to develop their natural genius, it must always remain latent, and they or the world will never receive any benefit from the gifts which nature has bestowed upon them. The employments af the people of is New-Hampshire which they ; are as varied as the surface of the country in While New-Hampshire manufactures 148 live. differ- ent kinds of goods, Georgia, with three times the population, pro- duces only 65 ; Illinois, tants, produces 210, with eight times the number of inhabi- and Massachusetts 325. If a person's genius not adapted to the profession which he pursues through life, one half of his time is thrown away. Two men are brought up on farms is in Illinois — one is a natural farmer, while the other machinist, but he does not know it, and in those is a natural broad prairies no chance to find it out, so he leads an indolent life all his and is called lazy by his neighbors, while the other man is days, prosperous and happy. If this natural machinist had lived in New England, he would have found out his calling and followed The greater the variety of labor in any country, the more rapid it. there is the accumulation of wealth and the more general the diffusion of among the people. If Illinois, in proportion to its it population, had as many men and women employed as New-Hampshire, it would set 26,360 males and 76,690 females at work who are now lying idle, and are consumers instead of producers, and if paid the same wages as others receive who work in that State, they would earn enough in five years to build and equip all the railroads now running through Illinois. This is enough to show that hills and mountains in any country are no curse to the inhabitants, •but rather a blessing and far preferable to continuous broad plains, if they are fertile and productive. �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. 403 Agriculture. As we have said, much of the territory of NewHampshire is unfit for cultivation, being broken in the northern section by lofty mountains, while in the southern portion a large majority of the inhabitants are engaged in manufacturing. The best farming district of the State, or where more of the peo- ple are engaged in agriculture than all the other professions, is in the Connecticut River valley, or the towns bordering on that river, being twenty-five in number, and extending from Hinsdale, Massachusetts line, to Clarksville in Coos County. on Six of these towns, respectively, do a manufacturing business of over $ 350,000, annually, two of them amounting to over $1,200,000 each; but the main business is agriculture, through this valley. In 1870 these twenty-five towns contained a population of 40,4:63 inhabitants, and the area of improved land, including pastures, was 375,820 acres. The intervals and meadows are very rich and productive, but in many places are narrow, and the widest points do not extend more than one mile from the river to the hills, which generally rise quite abrupt, The first fifteen making the finest pastures in the country. towns, from Massachusetts up as far as Bath, pro- duce large crops of corn, but the towns above that point, are too make it a lucrative business. These fifteen towns an- far north to nually produce over 247,000 bushels of corn, or more than onefifth of the corn produced in the State. cellent for sheep, and The hill pastures are ex- this valley contains two-fifths of all the sheep grown in the State, viz. 94,923, the whole number being 248,760. The total value of all kinds of agricultural products annually raised, It is $ 3,759,203, or $ 92.90 to each inhabitant of the valley. this is one of the best farming must be remembered, although districts in the State or country, still there is a large manufacturing done, but State. Many men who less amount of in proportion than the rest of the are rated as farmers do considerable me- The whole amount paid chanical work during the year. chanical labor, annually, is for me- $1,327,000, or about $32.84 to each The number of persons engaged in professional services, trade, and transportation, is 2,500, earning $ 1,500, 000 annually, or $ 37.00 to each person. The total amount annuperson in the district. ally received for labor, including or $ 162.79 to every man, New-Hampshire farm productions, woman and is $6,581,203, child in the valley, on. the side of the river. Probably there are but few districts of this area of territory, �404 GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. where farming which can equal is occupation of the inhabitants the principal For the information New-Hampshire farmers a few comparisons will be given of other rich farming districts in this country, to show that there are but few localities where the people earn more money than in the Connecticut Valley, and if possible to dispel this false idea that more money can be earned in the West than in New England. Madison County, in Illinois, which contains the city of Alton, is considered and is one of the best farming districts in the State. In 1870 there were 44,131 inhabitants in the county, and 357,000 this district in its resources. of the acres of improved land, annually producing 1,207,181 bushels winter wheat, corn, being six times the amount number bushels of corn raised in of New-Hampshire. The total value of agricul- and 2,127,540 bushels of wheat and nearly double the the whole State tural productions of all varieties was $3,727,000, or $84.41 to each person in the county, it annually pays for mechanical labor 1586,591, or $ 13.29 to each inhabitant. The number of people en- gaged in professional services, trade and transportation is 2,700, and annually earning $ 1,620,000, or $ 36.^2 to each person. The total amount annually received for labor of all professions and including agricultural productions, $ 5,913,789, or 813-4.52 to every in- is habitant, and being $ 28.27 less for each person in the county than in the twenty-five towns in the Connecticut Valley. of Madison county now have a surplus left If the people over their expenditures, and their receipts were as large as in the New-Hampshire district, w ould annually increase this surplus $1,247,583, or enough to build and equip forty miles of railroad. These statements are no fiction, but are taken from official statistics and show conclusively that the great farming districts in Illinois do not compare with it 7 the agricultural district in the Connecticut Valley, in its resources from labor. Windsor County, in the State. in Vermont, is the largest agricultural county It contains a population of 36,063, and has 398,106 acres of improved laud, with an annual production of $ 3,479,098, or $ 96.18 to each person. There is annually paid for mechanical labor, $ 655,495, or $ 18.19 to each person. 2,200 are engaged in and transportation, who annually receive for their services, $ 1,320,000, or $36.90 to every inhabitant in the county. The total amount annually received for labor, induing farm productions, was $ 5,454,593, or $ 151.28 to each person professional business, trade �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. and $ 11.51 than the Connecticut less district in 405 New-Hampshire. This valley has the capacity of maintaining a population of 100, 000, when the inhabitants are fully aware that they have the best A railroad passes and finest farming district in the Union. through or near every town except three in the district. In 1872 the people gave in under the law, $ 1,714,607 as money on hand or ' at interest, and in stocks, and the State treasurer returned to their banks in the credit $ 1,246,199 as deposited in the various savings The towns belonging to the Connecticut valley in New Hampshire, are Hinsdale, Chesterfield, Westmoreland and Walpole in Cheshire County Charlestown, Claremont, Cornish and Lebanon, Hanover, Lyme Orford, Plaintield in Sullivan County Piermont, Haverhill, Bath, Monroe, and Littleton in Grafton County Dalton, Lancaster, Northumberland, Stratford, Columbia, Colebrook, Stewartstowu, and Clarksville in Coos County. State. : ; ; There are other fine larming districts in the State, but none as There are ten or twelve towns in the vicinity of Win- extensive. nipiseogee Lake, the larger portion of the it One which are good agricultural towns. ton) in proportion to State, being population, its is number lying south of of these towns, (San born- the best tarming town in the § 172. to each person in town, in its agricultural pro- ductions. The number of acres of improved land, in the State, is 2,334,483 ; wood-land, 1,047,690 acres; value of farms, $ 80,589,313; farming implements, $ 3,459,943 ; total amount annually paid the farms, including board, $2,319,164; on farm lor labor total value of all productions, including betterments, $ 22,473,547, or $ 70.67 to each inhabitant in the State. The number of persons from ten years of age and upwards, engaged in farming, is 54 fuller details, see to each person thus employed. For 46,593, averaging $482. agricul- tural tables. Manufactories. As has been seen in the foregoing pages, the people are largely engaged in manufacturing, and it is increasing rapidly in all sections of the State. It should be remembered that in looking over the value of goods annually produced in the various towns and manufactories, the amount of receipts vary largely from the sum paid for labor, whol- ly through the value of the raw material before it is wo.ked. In about one sixth the value of the whole goods after they are manufactured, boots and shoes over one quarter, cotton goods, labor is �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. 406 woolen, nearly one sixth, furniture and carriages, one third, leather tanned, one ninth, lumber, one fourth, flour and meal, one thir- ty-second part, stone dressed, over one half, and cotton prints, one twentieth. For factories in instance, they pay in the cotton and print manu- Dover, for labor, $ 570,000, and annually produce goods viz. prints and cotton cloths, to the value of $ 4,687,000 in the stone yards and ledges at Concord, they pay $ 350,000 for help, ; and sell stone to the towns where grist amount of $ 700,000. It will also be seen, in and lumber mills are the principal manufacto- that the pay is rated small, for the reason that men are not employed through the season, or all the time, consequently, they ries, are only paid for labor done. Cotton Manufactories. The manufacturing of cotton goods, of various kinds, exceeds that of any other business in the State, the sales amounting to 242,955,000 yards valued at $ 30,612,000. The value of goods manufactured, has increased over $ 8,000,0000 within four years. (See tables.) Boots and Shoes. State. This branch is the next largest business in the 4,867 males, and 846 females are employed, who annually receive for their labor, $ 2,721,000 and manufacture 9,588,000 pairs men's and women's boots, shoes and brogans, valued at $ 11,706, 000. Much of the stock for these shoes is cut out in the large bout and shoe manufacturing establishments in Massachusetts, and sent The larginto New-Hampshire to be worked into boots and shoes. er portion of those, made in Rockingham County, come from these (See Rockingham County, also tables.) manufactories. Woolen Goods. Woolen goods come next in the amount of re$ 9,222,000, annually. All kinds of woolen fabrics are manufactured, such as carpets, horse blankets, beavers, tricots, cassimeres, flannels, of all varieties, delaines &c. In Franklin are manceipts, viz. ufactured fancy shirting flannels, of the finest quality, there being The above cotton and do not include cotton and woolen hose manufacwoolen goods nearly thirty different styles or patterns. tured. Iron and Machine Work. Next in order is the iron and ma- chine work, which amounts to over $ 7,500,000 annually. This branch of business has increased very rapidly since 1870, especially in Manchester and Nashua. Lumber. This business is an important branch, and is increasing from year to year, but the worst feature of it is, that the raw �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. material exhaustive, aud is statistics are hard pared for market. in many the labor and the lumber pre- In some instances the labor down of the cutting the other cases, it commences The reckoned from is ready for the market, while tree,- till it is the expense of the labor. The lumber disappearing. fast is sum up between to 407 at the mill, which per thousand, price not half is lumber for standing, (especially in the northern section of the State,) is nominal, compared with that of the sawed timber, ready for the whole increase is and in labor, capital, given in as $ 1,209,600 annually, merely sale, and The labor here profit. no doubt, more than There are 762 saw mills in the State, representing a capital of $ 3,272,000, employing 3,392 hands, a part, or whole of the year, who are represented, as annually receiving for their labor, $ 1,209,600, and sawing 6,528,000 clapboards, 69,508,000 shingles and laths, and 305,048,000 feet of boards and falls short, $ 1,000,000 of the true amount. dimension timber valued at $ 5,174,900. This amount includes lumber sawed, planed, and grooved. The next important Tanneries. The number ed, $ 927,000 year, is 693 ; of tanneries ; business the State, is tanning leather. is 71 capital invest- ; number of hands employed, the whole or part of the annual pay-roll, $347,500; value of leather tanned, The currying $ 3,265,100. in business and dressed skins, is about $ 1,720,000 annually. The paper manufactures have increased their business The receipts, at that time, were Paper. over fifty per cent since 1870. $ 1,913,635 at the present time ; it is nearly $ 3,000,000 annually. The number of persons employed Hosiery. in this business, is 295 males, and 880 females; value of goods manufactured, $ 2,016, There are but three States in the Union which exceed New000. Hampshire in this branch of industry. Furniture, Chairs, &c. The (See tables.) receipts from this business, are over $ 2,000,000 annually. The above are some of but there are many the most important branches of industry others that are important, such as flour and sash, blinds, and doors, $ 700,000 meal productions, $ 3,563,400 carriages, of all kinds, freight and passenger cars, $ 650,000 ; ; $ 1,100,000 ; potato starch, $ 400,000 dressed, $ 1,000,000 ; ; harnesses, 3 500,000 musical instruments, $ 200,000 ; ; granite agricultural implements, $ 275,000 &c. The total number of manufactories, of all kinds, in the State, is �GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE STATE. 408 The steam horse power is now rated at 9,262 the improv3,389. ed water power, 69,254; capital invested, $ 42,562,900 males em; ; ployed, 31,409 $ 19,945,500 value of ; annual amount paid for labor, goods manufactured, $ 95,995,500. This females, 16,667 ; all ; an increase, in vajue of goods, of over § 24,000,000, since 1870. Productions of the soil. $ 22,473,547 mechanical laResources. debor $ 19,995,500 stocks and money at interest, $ 10,454,187 is ; ; ; posits in savings banks, in the State, * § 22,132,399 ; stock in trade, The $8,362,586. assessed valuation of the State, in 1872, was These assessments are made on a basis of two-thirds $ 153,187,177. For instance, a town having savings bank deposits of $ 150,000, was only placed at S 100,000 in assigning the proportional tax, which belonged to the of the actual value of the property assessed. several towns to pay as their share of the State tax, on every one thousand dollars raised. This is expressly against the law, provided for in the assessment of property for taxes, but a constant ing practice goes far ahead of any The 919; total total 768,582.73 75 number in 1873, ; of ratable polls, in the State, in 1872, was 82, town debts ; total it in the State, over available assets, ; engaged ; the total State debt, in 1872, in 1873, $ 4,132,160.82. Professional Business, &c. shire, was $4, tax committed to the collectors was $ 2,610,263. was S 2,376,495.03 was $ 4,138,124.26 and grow- New-Hampshire Statute Law. in professional In 1870, there were in business, New-Hamp- trade and transportation, 27,046 persons, or 85 per cent, of the population. This class consists of clergymen, physicians, lawyers, bankers, teachers, of every pro- merchants, peddlers, soldiers of U. S. army, hotel keepers, fession, clerks, booi-c-keepers, day laborers, hucksters, railroad and express managers, and their employees, telegraph operators, a basis, call their pay each at S 600 per annum, and to $ 16,227,600. if This is is &c. As would amount much higher, The stock and money at in- a low estimate, and might be the actual figures could be obtained. terest sailors, it probably over $ 20,000.000, for it depends wholly on the statement of those persons holding them, and they use the argu- ment that other people are not taxed on the full value of their property. New-Hampshire have over $ 10,000,000 deposited in the This takes out of New-Hampshire $100,000 as taxes, anil places $75,000 in the treasury of Massachusetts. The people of New-Hampshire have always catered to the interests of the Bay State. * It is estimated, that the people of TBrious savings banks in Massachusetts. �RAILROADS. The Total Income. (including farm $ 19,995,500 ; total income of productions, 409 people in the State, all the $ 22,473,547 mechanical ; deposits in savings banks, S 1,328,000 ; labor, on on deposits in savings banks professional services, etc., $ 16,227,600 ; interest on stocks, bonds, and money at out of the State, $ 60 ^,000 ; interest, $ 1,200,000 $ 61,824,644, or % 200 to each person in is ) ; interest the State, and over $ 748 to eyery ratable poll. No State west of the Alleghany Mountains has as large a re- source, in proportion to its population, as New-Hampshire, by over $ 15 to each inhabitant, and the great commercial State of York is cities of lars to The no better. New- resources of New-Jersey, between the New- York and Philadelphia, fall short more than ten two dol- each person in the State. RAILROADS. Thirty-five years ago there was not a length of railway track in New-Hampshire. way At that date no iron horse had ever wound its beside her river banks or through her mountain passes, and his had never echoed through her deep, dark forests but day nearly every hamlet in the State can hear the clarion sound of the locomotive and see the white, curling smoke as it hovers o'er shrill whistle ; to the track of the swift passing train. New-Hampshire has now, 1874, over 890 miles of railroad, owned by thirty-two corporate companies, and built at an expense of over S 30,000,000. As a the general thing, the railroads of this State have been undei management of respectable and business men, who have not pocketed the stock nor profits of the roads, at the expense of the stock-holders. It may be true that some roads have been built at a greater expense than what the business on them will pay, and the may have depreciated in value, but the only parties that have made any money by it are the public, and the people in the towns stocks through which such roads pass. There have never been any such bare-faced swindles in this State, in rail-road speculations, as those perpetrated on the noted, staid, and industrious people of Vermont, where the whole expense of the first construction of their roads, �410 RAILROADS. has been squandered, or found its way into the pockets of better fitted to grace the cells of a State's prison than the men manage- ment of auy railroad. The following gives the standing and number of miles of rail-road and the towns through which they pass or touch. There may be some errors in stating all the towns, for in many instances it touches the town but a few rods, while in others it lacks but that distance. Ashuelot Railroad. This road extends from Keene to South Vernon, Vermont. It leaves Keene and passes through Swanzey, Winchester and Hinsdale. Distance in New-Hampshire, 23 miles. Miles annually run by passenger trains, 15,995 by freight trains, ; 32,150 miles. This road is leased to the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railway. Grand Trunk Railway, of Canada, for the term of 999 years; and leads from Portland, Maine, to Montreal, Canada. It passes in New-Hampshire through the towns of Shelburn, Gorham, Berlin, south-east corner of Dummer, Stark, Northumberland and Stratford on the Connecticut river. Whole distance in the State, 52 miles. Miles run by all trains, 885,313 annually. Extends from Boston Boston and Maine Railroad. to South Berwick, Maine, 74 miles, thence on the Boston and Maine Extension to Portland. In this State, it passes through the towns of Atkinson, Plaistow, Newton, Kingston, East Kingston, Exeter, South Newmarket, Newmarket, Durham, Madbury, Dover, Rollinsford Great Falls branch, and Somersworth, distance about 35 miles. 3 miles. Annual receipts from passengers, $ 1,092,600, freight, — $ 813,000, mails, $ 14,000, rents, $ 43,000. R Extends from Concord, Boston, Concord and Montreal tilroad. through Canterbury, Northfield, Tilton, Belmont, Laconia, Gilford, Meredith, New-Hampton, Ashland, north corner of Bridgewater, Plymouth, south-west corner of Campton, Rumney, Wentworth, Warren, south-west corner of Benton, Haverhill to Wells River, Vermont, distance, 93 miles. This is road, under one control, in the State, the longest continued line of and Receipts— from passengers, $231,000, is well managed. freight, $417,000, mails, $ 10,000, express, $ 8,000. Extends from Bellows Falls, in Vermont, Westmoreland, south-west corner of Surry, Cheshire Railroad. through Walpole, Keene, Rindge Marlborough, Troy, Fitzwilliam, to Winchendon, Mass. Whole south-west corner of length of road, 53 miles; �411 KAILROADS. in New-Hampshire, about 42 J This road miles. is the connecting link between Burlington (through Rutland) and Boston. The num- ber of passengers carried one mile on this road, in 1872, was 6,139, 685 tons of freight, one mile, 22,909,589. ; year, from all sources, $824,763.34 Concord Railroad. sett, ; Total receipts, for the total expenses, $ 640,912.16. Extends from Concord, through Bow, Hook Manchester, Bedford, Merrimack to Nashua, 35 miles. road has two tracks, and is Thi& one of the best lines in the country for the distance, the annual receipts amounting to over $ 1,040,000, and the expenses, $ 688,226. The number of passengers carried one mile, 13,333,060. Contoocook River Railroad. Henniker to Extends from Hopkinton, through Hillsborough Bridge, distance, 15 miles. Receipts, $ 44,000, expenses, % 30,000. Concord and Portsmouth Railroad. Extends from Concord, through Pembroke, Allenstown, Hooksett, Manchester, Auburn, Candia, Raymond, Epping, South Newmarket, Stratham, Green- land and Portsmouth, distance, 58 miles. This road is run in conand under the management of the Concord Railroad, and its cars are run over their track through Hooksett. Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad. Extends from Dover, through Rochester, Farmington, New-Durham to Alton Bay, where it connects with Steamboats to various points on Lake Winnispeogee. The whole length of road is 28J miles. It is under the management of the Boston and Maine Railroad. Eastern Railroad, in New-Hampshire. This, with the Eastern Railroad of Massachusetts, and the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth, connects Boston with Portland, distance, 107 miles, That portion in New-Hampshire is 16 miles, and extends through Seabrook, Hampton Falls, Hampton, North Hampton, Greeuland, west corner of Rye, and Portsmouth. nection, with Peterborough and Shirley Railroad. The length of this road, in New-Hampshire, is about 91 miles, and extends from Massachusetts line through Mason, south border of Wilton to Greenville. It is managed by the Fitchburg Railroad. Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. Extends from Manchester, through Londonderry, Derry, Windham, Salem, to Lawrence, MasThe distance in this State, is about 22£ sachusetts 26 miles. — miles. Receipts of the road, $ 177,000 managed by the Concord Railroad. ; expenses, $ 76,000. It is �412 RAILROADS. Manchester and North Weare Railroad. Extends from Manchesto Weare, 19 miles. It is under the management of the Concord Railroad. Merrimack and Connecticut River Railroad. Extends from Concord, through Hopkinton, Warner, the southern portion of Sutton through Goffstown, north-east corner of New-Boston, ter, to Bradford, 27 miles. It is managed by Receipts, $ 131,000 the Northern Railroad. ; expenses, $ 101,000. This road together with the Sugar River, and Contoocook Valley Railroad, have been formed into one corporation, called the Concord and Claremont (N. H.) Railroad. Monadnock Railroad. Extends from Winchendon, Mass., to Its length, in New-Hampshire, is 13J miles, and extends through Rindge, Jaffrey and Peterborough. This is a new road with no through connection on any of the great lines, but it now pays more than the running expenses. Mount Washington Railroad. This road extends from the base of the White Mountains, to the summit of Mount Washington, Peterborough, 15| miles. It has been built at about three miles. 000, and like now pays more than running any other road of a visit to the mountains. is Fare is un- its track in the itself and worthy up and down, $ 4. This is a new road, and the a novelty in — up, $ Nashua, Acton and Boston Railroad. cars went over The track in the world, and, together with the invention of the brakes to hold the train, first an expense of nearly $ 200, expenses. summer 3. of 1873. It forms a con- necting link, which gives a direct railroad communication between northern and central New-Hampshire, with Providence, New-Bedford and other cities in that section of Massachusetts and Island. in It is New-Hampshire. Nashua and Lowell. a quarter of which double track and is is It may Extends to Lowell, fourteen miles, five from Nashua to Massachusetts line. and It has a one of the best managed roads in the State. Cost of road, $ 737,000 % 521,000. Rhode nearly twenty miles in length, about five of which are ; annual receipts, be necessary to $ 603,000 state, that the ; expenditures Wilton, Stony Brook, Salem and Lowell, and Lowell and Lawrence railroads are managed by the Nashua and Lowell, and the above is the total receipts and expenditures, of Nashua and Rochester. all these roads. A new road now being built, and It extends from Nashua, through Hudson, north- ern part of Pelham, Windham, Deny, Hampstead, Saudown, Fre- nearly finished. �413 RAILROADS. mout, Epping, Lee, Barrington to Rochester, about forty-eight miles. Northern Railroad. Extends from Concord, through Boscawen, Franklin, Andover, Wilmot, Danbury, Grafton, south-west corner of Orange, Canaan, north-west corner of Enfield and Lebanon to White Vermont length of road, 69£ miles. owned by the Northern, extends from FrankAnnual receipts, through Hill to Bristol, thirteen miles. River Junction, The lin, 8 706,000 748 in Hartford, ; Bristol Branch, ; expenses, $ 545,000. Passengers carried one mile, 8,060, freight carried one mile, 25,057,849 lbs. ; Extends from East Wilton, through Peterborough Railroad. Lyndeborough and Greenfield to Peterborough, about 16J miles. It is now being built, and nearly completed. Portland and Ogdensburg. Extends from Portland, Maine, and cars run to Upper Bartlett, seventy-two miles, of which twenty-two are in New-Hampshire, running from Maine line, through Conway to Bartlett. When completed it will extend through the White Mountain passes, through Carroll, Whitefield and Dalton to the Connecticut River. Portland and Rochester. Extends from Portland to Rochester, only three miles of the road being within the limits of New-Hamp- shire. Portsmouth and Dover. ed ; Is now being built, and nearly complet- extends from Portsmouth, through Newington to Dover, eleven miles. Portsmouth, Great Falls and Con-way. Extends from the Great Falls Junction, on the Eastern Railroad, in Maine, to North Conway. In New-Hampshire it runs from Great Falls, through Rochester, Milton, Wakefield, Ossipee, Madison to North Conway, six- ty-five miles. Suncook Valley Railroad. Extends from Hooksett, through Al17* miles. The road is under the management of the Concord Railroad. Sugar River Railroad. Extends from Bradford, through Newbury, Sunapee and Newport to Claremont Junction, on the Sullivan Railroad, 29 miles. It is managed by the Northern Railroad. lenstown and Epsom to Pittsfield, Extends from Windsor, Vt., through. CornClaremont and Charlestown to Bellows Falls, Vt., 26 miles. It operated by the Central Vermont Railroad Co., at an annual rent Sullivan Railroad. ish, is of $ 25,000. Receipts, $210,000 ; expenses, $ 151,000. �414 RAILROADS. Extends from Woodville, in Haverthrough Bath, Lisbon, Littleton, Bethlehem, Whitefield, Dal- White Mountain Railroad. hill, ton and Lancaster to Northumberland, and forms a junction with The length of the road, managed by the Boston, Concord the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad. completed, is 42 miles. It is and Montreal Railroad. Wilton Railroad. Extends from Nashua, through the southwest corner of Merrimack, southern part of Amherst and Milford to East Wilton, 15£ miles. The road is under the control of the Nashua and Lowell Railroad. Extends from Wolfeborough, Woljeborough Branch Railroad. through Brookfield to Wakefield, and forms a junction with the Great Falls and Conway Railroad. The length of the road is 12 The cars commiles, and it is managed by the Eastern Railroad. menced running over the track in 1872. Worcester and Nashua. This road extends from Worcester to Nashua, and is the connecting line from Central New-Hampshire It is forty-six miles to New York City, Albany, Niagara Falls, &c. in length, of which about six and one half miles, are in New-Hamprunning through the south-east corner of Hollis, to Nashua. shire ; The length of all the Railroads in the State finished, or nearly completed, in January, 1874, is Ashuelot, Atlantic & 131 52 Lawrence, Boston, Concord & Montreal, .. 93 Boston & Maine with Gt. F. B.* 38 St. Ports., Gt. Falls 28£ Suncook Valley, Sugar River, 48 . . . & Conway, .82£ 9£ 164 22 3 11 . . .65 17£ 22£ Sullivan County, 19 White Mountain, 29 26 42 27 Wilton, 15£ 131 Wolfeborough, Worcester & Nashua, 12 16 Eastern, & Lawrence, & North Weare, Merrimack & Conn. River, Manchester Manchester Monadnock, Mount Washington, Nashua & Acton, Nashua & Lowell, is Rochester, 58 35 line, & 15 421 Concord, Contoocook, Concord & Portsmouth, Dover & Winnipiseogee, * This road Nashua Northern & Bristol Branch, Peterborough & Shirley, Peterborough, Portland & Ogdensburg, Portland & Rochester Portsmouth & Dover, Cheshire, Maine nearly as follows, officially called as only twenty-five miles. . . 3 6£ 41 5£ 893 running in New-Hampshire, from Massachusetts line It is about thirty-five miles. to �THE PRESS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 415 THE PRESS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE Daniel Fowle, the printer in first Boston to Portsmouth day, October 7, 1756. ; number bearing date ThursThis paper when laid open measured seven- New-Hampshire Gazette, the the New-Hampshire, came from October and established in 1756, early in by ten. Mr. Fowle had deeply first teen inches first felt the pangs of a stifled press editorial breathed forth that ple are entitled to, his — liberty in a free country, if and all peo- and which the newspaper press of this country He says: "As the press always claims enjoying to-day. is ; freedom of speech, which it is presumed, that none will be offended, the paper discovers that spirit of freedom which so remarkably prevails in the English Nation." From this small paper commenced the foundation upon which In 1850, there were puband periodicals with a circulation of 19,700, and annually issuing 1,024,400 copies in i860 the number of papers, &c, had increased to thirty-eight, with a circulation of 60,236, and issuing annually, 3,067,552 copies, in the press of this State stands to-day. lished in the State, twenty newspapers ; 1870, there were fifty-one papers and annually &c, with a in this State keeps far ahead in the circulation of 173,919, This shows that the press issuing, 7,237,588 copies. march of progress and im- provement, compared with other branches of industry. The circulation of newspapers &c, in New-Hampshire, is equal United States to one for every person in the State, while in the it is only equal to one for every two persons. NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED IN THE STATE. Amherst— Farmer's Cabinet, published every Wednesday. EstabE. D. Boylston, Publisher and Editor. Canaan East—The Canaan Reporter, published every Friday. C. O Barney, Editor and Proprietor. CLAREMONT-^The National Eagle, published every Saturday. Established in 1834 T. J. Lasier, Publisher and Editor. lished in 1802 ; ; �THE PRESS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 416 Claremont—Northern Advocate, lished in 1840; J. published every Tuesday. Estab- Weber, Publisher and Editor. Claremont—The Compendium, published Bi-weekly. Established H. Story, Publisher and Editor. Colebrook Northern Sentinel, published every Friday. Established in 1870; Albert Barker, Publisher and Editor. Concord Concord Daily Monitor, published every evening, except Sunday, and Independent Statesman, published every Thursday. Monin 1870; S. — — . Statesman Building. xtor Established in 1863; lican Press Association ; Weekly, in 1823, Published by The Repub- Edward A. Jenks, Manager. Concord—The Daily Patriot, published every evening, except Sunday. New-Hampshire Patriot, published every Wednesday. Established Daily in 1839 Weekly, C Published by E. and G. G. Bailey. every Thursday. Established in 1868; Charles C. Pearson & Co., Editors and Proprietors. Concord Prohibition Herald, published every Tuesday. Established in 1870; Rev. O. H. Jasper, Editor. Published by C. L. Millen. Dover Dover Enquirer, published every Thursday. Established in 1827; J. R. Varney J. T. S. Libbey, Editors; Libbey & Co., Publishers. Dover Foster's Democrat, published every Saturday. Established in 1871; J. L. Foster Editor; George J. Foster, &*Co. Publishers. Dover Dover Gazette, published every Friday. Established in 1826; Edwin A. Hill, Publisher and Editor. Dover The Morning Star, published every Wednesday. Established in 1826; George E. Day, Editor; I. D. Stewart, Publisher. Dover Dover Local Record, published monthly. Established in 1870 E. O. Foss, Publisher and Editor. Exeter Exeter News- Letter, published every Friday. Established in 1881 Hon. Charles H. Bell, Editor; Charles Marseille*, Publisher and ; Concord—The in 1809. People, published — — — ; — — — — ; ; Proprietor. �THE PRESS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. ' v 417 W«*u Journal Office, in Burleigh's Block. Franklin— Merrimack Journal, published every Thursday. M. B. Goodwin, Editor. Gkeat Falls Great Falls Journal, published every Saturday. Established in 1867 Edwin Fernald, Publisher and Editor. Hanover The Anvil, published every Thursday. Established in 1873; Edited by members of Junior Class, Dartmouth. — ; — Hillsborough — Hillsborough Bridge Messenger, published every Established in 1869; William M. Sargent, Publisher and Thursday. Editor. Hinsdale — Star Spangled Banner, published monthly. Established H. E. Hunter, Editor, Hunter & Co., Publishers. Hinsdale Hinsdale Mirror, published quarterly. Martin & Co., Editors and Proprietors. in 1863: — — — Keene Cheshire Republican, published every Saturday. Established in 1827; Julius N. Morse, Publisher and Editor. Keene New-Hampshire Sentinel, published every Thursday. Established in 1799; T. C. Rand, Editor; Sentinel Printing Company, Proprietors; C. J. Woodward, Treasurer. Keene The United States, published every Saturday. Established in 1873; H. C. Bartlett, Publisher. Laconia Laconia Democrat, published every Thursday. Established in 1849; O. A. J. Vaughan, Publisher and Editor. Lake Village Lake Village Times, published every Saturday. Established in 1868; Martin A. Haynes, Publisher and Editor. Lancaster Coos Republican, published every Tuesday. Established in 1855; Coos Republican Association, Publishers and Editors. Lancaster Independent Gazette, published every Wednesday. Established in 1871; Emerson, Hartshorn & Co., Publishers and Editors. Lebanon Granite State Free Press, published every Friday. Established in 1844 E. H. Cheney, Publisher and Editor. Littleton White Mountain Republic, published every Thursd'y. Established in 1867 Furber, Publisher and Editor. Geo. — — — — — ; — ; C �THE PRESS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 418 Loudon Ridge—Household Messenger, Isaac S. French, lished in 1867; M. published monthly. D., Editor; Estab- Messenger Association, Publishers. Loudon Ridge—National in 1866; & Smith Gazette, published quarterly. Established an advertising sheet. Co., Publishers and Editors; Manchester. Manchester Mirror and American, published every evening, except Sunday and Mirror and Farmer, published every Sat urday. John B. Clai-ke, Publisher and Editor. Manchester Manchester Union, published every evening, except Sunday; and Union Democrat, published every Tuesday. Established ; — Daily in 1863 Weekly, ; in 1850 ; Campbell and Hanscom, Publishers and Editors. Manchester— "New-Hampshire Journal of Music, published monthly. Established in 1871 I. S. Whitney, Publisher and Editor. Established December 30, 1873; Mieford Milford Enterprise. George E. Foster, Editor and Proprietor. Nashua. Nashua Telegraph, published every evening, except Sunday and New-Hampshire Telegraph, published every Saturday. Es tablished Daily in 1869; Weekly in 1832; Moore and Langley, Publish; — ; ers and Editors. NAsnuA— Nashua Gazettee and Hillsboro Co. Advertiser, published Established in 1826; B. B. and F. P. Whittemore, every Thursday. Publishers and Editors. Also Daily. Newport New-Hampshire Argus and Spectator, published every Friday. Established in 1824 Carlton and Harvey, Publishers and Ed- — ; itors, Peterborough—Peterborough Transcript, published every Thursday Farnum and Scott, Publishers and Editors. Pittsfield Weekly Star, published every Saturday. Established in Established in 1848; — — John C. Cashman, Publisher and Editor. Portsmouth Portsmouth Chronicle, published every morning, except Sunday, and New-Hampshire Gazette, published every Thursday. Established Daily in 1852; Weekly in 1756; Marston and Freeman, Pub1872; lishers and Editors. Portsmouth — Portsmouth Times, published every evening, except Sunday, and States and Union, published every Friday. Established Daily in 1868 Weekly in 1863 Thayer and Guppy, Publishers and ; ; Editors. Portsmouth—Portsmouth Journal, published every Saturday. EsBrewster, Publisher and Editor. Rochester Rochester Courier, published every Friday. Established in 1864; Charles W. Folsom, Publisher and Editor. Rochester Monthly Miscellany and Monthly Echo. Strafford Corner Monthly Miscellany, published monthly. Established in 1866; George G. Berry, Publisher and Editor. Woi.feborough Granite State News, published every Monday. Established in 1860; Charles H. Parker, Publisher and Editor tablished in 1793; Lewis — — — — W. �419 NATIONAL BANKS. NATIONAL BANKS. The first National Banks established since the commencement of the rebellion of 1861, were in 1863. In October, 1863, there were 66 National Banks; in 1864, 508; in 1865, 1,513; in 1866, 1,644; in 1867, 1,642; in 1868, 1,644; in 1869,1,617; in 1870,1,615; in 1871, 1,767; in 1872,1,919. In 1863, the loans and discounts were $5,466,088; in 1872, it had swelled to the large amount in all the banks, in 1872, The law provided of $872,520,164. The capital invested was $479,629,000. to establish these National Banks is that the United States Treasury a certain amount of United States bonds, and the government will issue to them, 90 per cent, of the amount deposited, in paper bank notes, and guarantee to the public the faithful redemption of The banks receive the inthe notes thus issued, whenever required. terest specified on the bonds besides what they receive from the paper currency, which they loan to the public; and this, together with what they receive on money deposited for safe keeping, makes parties desiring such bank, shall deposit in the a very lucrative business, considering the actual capital invested. This national banking business, is managed by the United States Comptroller of the Currency. �420 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing the names of National Banks in New- Hampshire, Capital. TOWNS. Charlestown, their Officers and �SAVINGS BANKS. 421 SAVINGS BANKS. Considerable space has been devoted relative to the standing of the several savings banks in the State, as to their present condition and banks, There are no money institutions their officers. which State, in so many in the people have an interest, as in the savings now numbering over 95,000 depositors, with $29,671,114.18 on deposit. They have increased from twenty-one banks, in 1858, to sixty-one, in 1873, having at the first date, 23,463 depositors, with $ 3,588,658.23 on deposit. They were first established as beneficent institutions, to protect the small funds of the earnings of farmers and laborers, who widows and orphans, and receive a trifle more than These savings banks fully establish the they expend. theory of cooperation, and what can be done by it in any branch of busiNo private money monopoly can stand for a ness in the State. moment beside these banks, controled by, 95,000 persons, who own this vast amount of money, nearly all of which has been accumulated within the past fifteen years, and enough to build, and stock, all the cotton factories in the State. Properly conducted savings banks, are an immense advantage to They aggregate small and idle sums, and help up towns in the vicinity where they are located, the spare change is collected, and sent out of the State, the community. largely to build but if all there is a question about the practical benefit of such institutions. It should be remembered that high usury, for money loaned, incurs greater risks. ALTON SAVINGS BANK—ALTON. Charter expires Incorporated 1869. 1889. President Henry Hurd. Treasurer Amos L. Rollins; salary, not fixed; bond, $25,000 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. — AMOSKEAG SAVINGS BANK—MANCHESTER. Incorporated 1852. President Treasurer Charter perpetual. Moody Currier. Moody Currier salary, $3,800; bond, $ 150,000— a copy on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerks— George B. Chandler, Cashier; C. M. Currier, Teller; G. L. of which ; is Hadley, Book-keeper. ASHLAND SAVINGS BANK—ASHLAND. Incorporated 1872. Charter perpetual. President -Nathaniel Batchelder. Secretary Jonathan F. Keyes salary, $ 200 bond, $25,000 of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. ; ; —a copy �SAVINGS BANKS. 422 ASHUELOT SAVINGS BANK—WINCHESTER. Charter expires 1875. Incorporated 1855. President—Everson Cook. Treasurer—ElleryAlbee; salary, $200; bond, $50,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. BELKNAP SAVINGS BANK—LACONIA. Charter, 20 years. Incorporated 1868. President— John L. Perley, Treasurer—Benjamin P. Gale; salary, $800; bond, $40,000— a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. CARROLL COUNTY SAVINGS BANK—WOLFEBOROUGH. Charter expires 1877. Incorporated 1857. President—Blake Folsom. Treasurer John M. Brackett; salary, $1,300; bond, $45,000 copy of which is on file in Office of Secretary of State. — CHESHIRE PROVIDENT INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS—KEENE. Incorporated 1833. Charter expires 1893. President— Wm. P. Wheeler. Treasurer—Geo. Tilden; salary, $1,500; bond, $100,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. BANK—MANCHESTER. CITY SAVINGS Incorporated 1859. Charter pei'petual. Joseph Kidder. Treasurer—E. W. Harrington; salary, $2,000; bond, President of which Clerks is on file $50,000—a copy in office of Secretary of State. —Daniel W. Lane, E. W. Harrington, CITY SAVINGS jr., paid by treasurei. BANK—NASHUA. Incorporated 1863. Charter expires 1883. President—E. P. Emerson. Treasurer E. H. Spaulding; salary, $2,500; bond, $ of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk— L. Farnsworth; salary, $ 1,500. — —a copy 100,000 CONNECTICUT RIVER SAVINGS BANK—CHARLESTOWN. Incorporated 1831. Samuel Webber. George Olcott President Treasurer which is ; on file Charter perpetual. salary, $ 700 ; —a copy of bond, $ 35,000 in office of Secretary of State. CHINA SAVINGS BANK— SUNCOOK. Incorporated 1869. Charter expires 1889. Natt Head. President —a copy Treasurer— C. F. P. Hildreth; salary, $300; bond, $25,000 is on file in office of Secretary of State. of which CONWAY SAVINGS BANK— CONWAY. Incorporated 1869. Charter perpetual. —J. B. Shackford. President Treasurer—Leavitt H. Eastman; salary, $150; bond, $25,000— copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. �423 SAVINGS BANKS. COCHECO SAVINGS BANK— DOVER. Incorporated 1872. Charter expires 1892. President—William B. Wiggins. Treasurer—John C. Plumek; salary to be fixed; bond, $25,000— copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerks Harrison Haley, Henry H. Hough. — DARTMOUTH SAVINGS BANK—HANOVER. Charter expires 1880. Incorporated 1860. Daniel Blaisdell. Treasurer—N. S. Huntington President ; of which is on file salary, $900; bond, $35,000—a copy in office of Secretary of State. DERRY SAVINGS BANK— DERRY. Incorporated 1870. President?—J. Charter expires 1890. W. Noyes. Treasurer—David Currier salary, $250; bond, $25,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. ; DOVER FIVE CENTS SAVINGS BANK—DOVER. Incorporated 1856. Charter expires 1876. Oliver Wyatt. Treasurer— Calvin Hale; salary, $1,100; bond, $40,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. President —Isaac F. Abbot — no bonds. Clerk EXETER SAVINGS BANK—EXETER. Incorporated 1851. Woodbridge Odlin. —N. Appleton Shute, President Treasurer of which Clerk is on file Charter perpetual. —a copy (absconded;) bond, $ 25,000 in office of Secretary of State. —Nathaniel Shute. FARMINGTON SAVINGS BANK— FARMINGTON. Incorporated 1868. Charter twenty years. President— G. M. Herring. Treasurer—Thomas F.Cooke; salary $600; bond, $25,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. FRANCESTOWN SAVINGS BANK— FRANCESTOWN Incorporated 1868. President Treasurer Charter expires George S. Peavy. Thomas B. Bradford; copy of which is on file 1888. salary, $500; bond, $25,000 — in office of Secretary of State. FRANKLIN SAVINGS BANK— FRANKLIN. Incorporated 1869. Charter expires 1889. Austin F. Pike. Treasurer—N. H. Sanborn salary, $ 1,000 which is on file in office of Secretary of State. President ; ; bond, $ 35,000—a copy of FITZWILLIAM SAVINGS BANK—FITZWILLIAM. Incorporated 1871. Charter perpetual. President Stephen Batcheller. Treasurer Milton Chaplin; salary not fixed; bond, $25,000— copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. �424 SAVINGS BANKS. GONIC SAYINGS BANK—ROCHESTER. — Incorporated 1864. Charter expires 1884. President Charles A. Foss. Treasurer Nicholas V. Whitehouse; salary, $200; bond, $25,000 a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. GORHAM FIVE CENTS SAVINGS BANK— GORHAM. Incorporated 1872. Charter expires 1892. Warren Noyes. Treasurer—R. F. Ingalls; salary, $100; bond, $25,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. President IONA SAVINGS BANK—TILTON. Incorporated 1870. Asa P. Cate. Treasurer— William T. Cass; Charter perpetual. President of which is on file bond, $25,000—a copy salary, $300; in office of Seeretai-y of State. KEENE FIVE CENTS SAVINGS BANK—KEENE. Incorporated 1868. Charter perpetual. President Samuel Woodward. Treasurer -O. G. Dort; salary, $900; bond, $50,000— a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. LACONIA SAVINGS BANK— LACONIA Incorporated 1831. Charter perpetual. President Albert G. Folsom. Treasurer Woodbury L. Melcher; salary, $1,000; bond, $40,000 a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. — LAKE VILLAGE SAVINGS BANK— LAKE VILLAGE. Incorporated 1864. Chartered for twenty years. Benjamin Cole. President Treasurer—Thomas Ham; salary, $300; bond, $25,000—a copy, of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. LEBANON SAVINGS BANK— LEBANON. Incorporated 1869. President Treasurer William S. Charter expires 1889. Ela. — Edward A. Kendrick; salary, $1,000; bond, $55,000 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk Amelia L. Foster. — LITTLETON SAVINGS BANK— LITTLETON. Incorpoi'ated 1868. John Farr. Treasurer— Oscar C. Hatch; Charter expires 1888. President of which is on file bond, $25,000— a copy salary, $300; in office of Secretary of State. LOAN AND TRUST SAVINGS BANK—CONCORD. Incorporated 1872. Charter perpetual. President Jonathan E. Sargent. Treasurer John V. Barron salary not fixed bond, $50,000 of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerks Henry J. Crippen, Geo. A. Fernald. ; — ; —a copy �425 SAVINGS BANKS. MANCHESTER SAVINGS BANK—MANCHESTER. Charter perpetual. Incorporated 1846. Newell. Treasurer— Nathan Parker; salary, William President of which on is file P. $3,800; bond, $ 125,000—a copy in office of Secretary of State. Clerks— Charles E. Balch, E. H. Paine, W. M. Parker, paid by Treasurer. MASON VILLAGE SAVINGS BANK—MASON. Charter expires 1890. Incorporated 1870. Samuel Haines. Treasurer— Frank B. Heald; President of which is on file salary, bond, $25,000— a copy ; in office of Secretary of State. MECHANIC'S SAVINGS BANK—NASHUA. Incorporated 1869. Charter expires 1889. President Henry Parkinson. Treasurer Cornelius V.Dearborn; salary, $1,200; bond, $50,000 a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk Frederick A. Eaton, paid by Treasurer. — — MEREDITH VILLAGE SAVINGS BANK—MEREDITH. Incorporated 1869. Charter for twenty years. President Joseph W. Lang. Treasurer Seneca A. Ladd; salary, $300, including office room } bond, $25,000 a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. — MERRIMACK COUNTY SAVINGS BANK—CONCORD. Incorporated 1867. Charter expires 1887. President Lyman D. Stevens. Treasurer John Kimp.all salary not fixed bond, $ 50,000 of which is on file in office of Secretai'y of State. Clerk Frank P. Andrews, salary, $40 per month. —a ; ; copy — MERRIMACK RIVER SAVINGS BANK—MANCHESTER. President Incorporated 1858. Smith. Charter expires 1878. Waterman Treasurer— Frederick Smyth salary, $4,000 bond, $ 100,000 is on file in office of Secretary of State. W. R. Walker, Joshua S. Morrill, paid by Treasurer. ; ; — a copy of which Clerks — MILFORD FIVE CENTS SAVINGS INSTITUTION—MILFORD. Incorporated 1859. Charter expires 1879. President William B. Towne. Treasurer Gilbert Wadleigh salary, $800; bond, $45,000 of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. —a copy ; MONADNOCK SAVINGS BANK—EAST JAFFREY. Incorporated 1869. President Treasurer which is on Charter perpetual. Oscar S. Bradley. Peter Upton; salary, $100; bond, file $25,000 in office of Secretary of State. NASHUA SAVINGS BANK—NASHUA. Incorporated 1854. Charter perpetual. —a copy of �426 SAVINGS BANKS. President^-ISAAC Spalding. Treasurer Edward Spalding; salary, $4,000; bond, $75,000 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk G. F. Andrews, $ 1,500 included in treasurer's salary. — — NATIONAL SAVINGS BANK— CONCORD. Incorporated 1867. Charter expires 1887. George A. Pillsbury. Treasurer—William W. StorrS; President copy of which is on file bond, $ 100,000— salary, $3,000; in office of Secretai-y of State. NEW HAMPSHIRE SAVINGS BANK— CONCORD. Charter perpetual. Incoi-porated 1830. Joseph B. Walker. Treasurer— Charles W. Sargent salary, $ 1,500 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk—William P. Fiske salary, $ 400. President ; bond, $80,000— ; ; NEW IPSWICH SAVINGS BANK— NEW IPSWICH. Charter perpetual. Incorporated 1849. President James Chandler. Treasurer—W. A. Preston; salary, $300; bond, $ 30,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. NEWMARKET SAVINGS BANK—NEWMARKET. Perpetual charter. Incoi-porated 1832. President— George W. Kittredge. Treasurer—David Murrat salary, $ 150 bond, $ 25,090 which is on file in office of Secretary of State. ; ; —a copy of NEWPORT SAVINGS BANK—NEWPORT. Incorporated 1868. Charter expires 1888. Dexter Richards. Treasurer— Frederick W. Lewis; President bond, $50,000— salary, $1,000; copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk John Towne, paid by treasurer. — NORWAY PLAINS SAVINGS BANK—ROCHESTER. Charter perpetual. Incorporated 1851. John Mc Duffee. Treasurer— Franklin Mc Duffee President ; salary, $1,500; — bond, $50,000 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk George Mc Duffee, paid by treasurer. — OSSIPEE VALLEY TEN CENTS SAVINGS Incorporated 1868. BANK—FREEDOM. Charter expires 1888. President—Josiah Thurston. Treasurer—Elias Towt le; salary, $125; bond, $25,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. PETERBOROUGH SAVINGS BANK—PETERBOROUGH. Incorporated 1843. Charter perpetual. President Albert Smith. Treasurer Mortier L. Morrison; salary, $1,000; bond, $75,000 copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. — �427 SAVINGS BANKS. PENACOOK SAVINGS BANK—FISHERVILLE. Charter expires 1889. Incorporated 1869. President—Henry H. Brown. Treasurer Samuel F. Brown salary, $800; bond, $40,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. ; PITTSFIELD SAVINGS Incorporated 1855. BANK—PITTSFIELD. Charter expires 1875. President—Reuben L. French. Thomas H. Thorndike is on file in office of Secretary of State. Treasurer ; bond, $ 30,000 —a copy of which —John L. French. Assistant Treasurer PORTSMOUTH SAVINGS BANK—PORTSMOUTH. Incorporated 1823. Charter perpetual. William Simes. Treasurer—James F. Shores; President salary, $2,500; bond, $130,000— a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk A. C. Hoyt, without bonds. — PORTSMOUTH TRUST AND GUARANTEE COMPANY, PORTSMOUTH. Incorporated 1871. President Treasurer on file Perpetual charter. George L. Tread well. Charles H. Rollins; bond, $35,000 in office of Secretary of State. —a copy of which — — is ROCKINGHAM TEN 'CENTS' SAVINGS BANK—PORTSMOUTH. Incorporated 1867. Aaron Hill. Treasurer— John Christie; Charter expires 1887. President salary, $1,800; bond, $25,000 —a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk—Howard N. Durgin, with salary of $1,200, and bond of $6,000. ROLLINSFORD SAVINGS BANK—ROLLINSFORD. Incorporated 1850. President Charter perpetual. —H. R. Roberts. Treasurer— W. H. Morton; salary, $1,500; bond, $ 50,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. THE COUNTY OF COOS SAVINGS BANK—LANCASTER. Incorporated 1868. Charter, twenty years. Hiram A. Fletcher. Treasurer—Henry O. Kent; salary, President which is on file $200; bond, $25,000— a copy of in office of Secretary of State. SAVINGS BANK FOR COUNTY OF STRAFFORD— DOVER. Incorporated 1824. Charter perpetual. Daniel M. Christie. Treasurer— Charles Woodman; President salary, $1,500; bond, $120,000— copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk—Albert Mathes, with salary of $ 1,500, and bond of $5,000. SALMON FALLS STATE BANK—ROLLINSFORD. Incorporated 1851. Renewed 1871. Charter expires 1891. �SAVINGS BANKS. 428 — Paesident H. R. Roberts. Treasurer—W. H. Morton; salary, $200; bonds, $50,000—a copy of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. SANDWICH SAVINGS BANK— SANDWICH. Incorporated 1872. President Treasurer file Charter perpetual. Moulton H. Marston. William A. Heard bond, ; $25,000 —a copy of which is on in office of Secretary of State. SOMERSWORTH. SAVINGS BANK— SOMERSWORTH. Charter expires 1885. Incorportaed 1845. —M. C. Burleigh. —J. A. Stickney; President Treasurer which is on file salary, $700; bond, $50.000 —a copy of in office of Secretary of State. SULLIVAN SAVINGS INSTITUTION— CLAREMONT. Incorporated 1838. Charter expires 1878. President Daniel W. Johnson. Treasurer John L. Farwell; salary, $2,700; bond, $70,000 of which is on file in office of Secretary of State. Clerk Albert Rossiter, paid by treasurer. —a copy — UNION FIVE CENTS SAVINGS BANK— EXETER. Incorporated 1868. Charter expires 1888. William B. Morrill. Treasurer— George E. Lane; salary, $300; bond, President which is on file $25,000 —a copy of in office of Secretary of State. WOLFEBOROUGH SAVINGS BANK—WOLFEBORO UGH. Incorporated 1871. President Treasurer which is on Stephen Durgin. Joseph L. Avery file ; Charter perpetual. —a copy of salary, $600; bond, 25,000 in office of Secretary of State. WILTON SAVINGS BANK—WILTON. Incorporated 1864. Charter unlimited. Joseph Newell. Treasurer— Moses Clark; salary, $500; bond, $25,000 a copy of which is on file in office of Setretary of State. President �429 STATISTICAL TABLES. Numbei amount Banks in of Deposits, of Depositors, the State ~ up and total liabilities of to May, 1873. 3 ,5no $ 2,9S2,454 48 102,740 00 67 5j 2 Ashnelot,... 3 Alton, 4 Ashland ! 5 104 112 775 Belknap 2,600 County, Cheshire Provident Institution. 5,860 1,900 City, Manchester, 2,80(1 City, Nashua, 1,162 Connecticut River, 150 Cocheco, 6 Carroll 7 China Conway Dartmouth, ~ Derry, Dover Five Cents, 2,041 1.500 Exeter,... Farmingtou, Francestown, Franklin, Fitzwilliam, Gouic, i Gorham, 341 2.042 3,06 1,005 Laconia Cents,... Lebanon, 366 550 357 Littleton, Lake Village, Loan and Trust, Manchester, Mason 860 442 700 50 168 147 Ioua, Keeue Five 312 221 1,500 16s 5,002 160 823 Village, Mechanics, Meredith Village 395 Merrimack County,.. Merrimack River,. .. Millord Munadnock New-IIamnshire, Nashua, 3,151 4,232 National, Newmarket, New Ipswich, 44|Newport, 665 3,950 1,442 265 3,410 , 579 320 919 1,500 45 Norway Plains, 247 46|Ossipee Valley Peterborough, 1,717 47 48 Penacook,. 1,281 9,ooo 49 Portsmouth 50 Ports'h Trust & Guarantee Co., 600 51 Pittsfield 1,62' 52 Rollinsford 3,096 53 Rockingham, 148 54 Sandwich, 285 55 Savings Bank, Coos County,.... 56 Savings B. for Co. of Strafford.. 4,643 57 Somersworth, 2,100 58 Sullivan Savings Institution,.. 2,142 69 Union Five Cents 622 60 Wilton, 553 61 Wolfeborough, 94 1 Savings 2J= a ® HAmoskeag,. all 7,603 12,191 336,912 491,349 1,672,849 562,068 1,016,377 52 51 77 41 32 40 S-JN9.956 6,250 1,861 12,191 66,911 44,067 :;.". 36 92 51 60 83 119,193 82 31,168 50 70 24-1,800 39 17,592 44,649 51,894 303,218 36,558 393,521 402,517 149,392 107,976 209,732 5,569 40,101 .3 61 89 47 85 33 56 20 81 37 60 51 75 61 61 13,6S1 17,592 23,928 26,103 37,302 8,596 18,f04 42,286 19,282 3,810 90.331 5,569 06 12 39 67 88 22 39 30 51 38 5,467 39 98,744 67 533.411 51 41>i.888 31 305.979 44 63,008 20 101,567 7! 6' 141.391 2,326.079 5: 18.252 56 325,242 42 79,922 66 192,772 90 1,346,896 75 458,818 69 74,204 71 1.088,985 93 1.440.779 13 1,579,829 06 40,434 39 103.882 18 213,348 07 573.536 33 52,964 12 566,001 75 198.192 65 1.937,899 10 349,975 31 128.594 59 636,510 16 425,348 39 26.286 15 27,717 78 1,866,069 90 581.478 84 764.325 03 56,336 10 92,261 67 28.860 91 5,467 39 31,816 58,480 127.574 127,936 47,732 36,124 141,391 215 209 13,054 124.276 26.803 60,029 9,522 44,669 35,171 106,493 215.642 149,636 94 50 89 38 60 75 67 07 40 07 35 65 99 39 79 5S 78 27 3,567 54 3.077 13 60,736 57 17,12" 13,554 00 49,960 214,729 183 136 34,954 125,020 68,526 25.286 91 29 81 59 32 40 15 8,648 78 221,923 12 11,340 71 100,198 47 6,804 85 625 24 28,860 91 $183,742 3,520 879 630 11,169 36,757 21,571 14,915 32,495 5,324 349 61 88 09 22 84 96 39 24 56 23 82 256 26 4,508 22 13,994 13 735 40 16,153 78 4,167 2,476 17,530 18 3,167 184 6,401 38,809 7,577 8.898 3,063 6,416 6,117 119,494 581 14,222 2.598 7,984 55,393 26,894 1,125 100,996 31,925 64.261 31 37 06 98 54 46 53 95 69 87 86 12 37 46 59 56 09 88 01 73 61 37 71 54 26 62 43 15 69 99 93 34 20 12 74 76 49 92 85 20 46 00 81 06 87 04 99 IS. 834 45 41 239.404 98 82.521 07 03 15 92 200,756 93 1,402,289 90 485,713 61 75,-330 39 59 45 1,189.892 1.472,704 1,633,093 41,004 106,010 224,239 593.424 54,581 587.318 52 58 81 970 50 2,127 82 10,891 90 19,S88 1,617 14 21,316 11,798 150,098 107 4,296 39,630 24,077 849 1,066 105,570 31,772 $3,166,197 106,260 8,282 12,821 348,082 528,107 1,694,420 576,983 1,048,873 250,124 17,943 44,906 56,322 317,212 37,294 409,675 414,517 166,360 110,392 227.262 5,588 43.268 5,651 105,146 572.221 426,466 314,877 66,072 107,983 147,509 2,445.573 66 24 45 97 09 87 03 25 33 21 36 739 33 931 98 74 1,070 62 209,990 2,087,997 350,083 132,890 675.141 449.425 27,135 28,784 1,971,640 613,251 765,064 57,268 92,836 29,931 87 89 00 97 79 26 41 89 55 28 68 03 42 40 11 11 20 36 08 46 53 94967 $28,462,539 98'$3,814,321 40 $1,296,242 29 $29,671,114 18 �430 STATISTICAL TABLES. § i ^ H BS cq *&> ^ �STATISTICAL TABLES. ©aocoto t— OS © OS OS •g '>< t-5 1 431 �432 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT. Exhibiting the Number, Condition and Progress of the Savings Banks of NewHampshire, in each year, from 1860 to 1873. inclusive, TEAR. �433 INSURANCE. INSURANCE. There are Town Fire Insurance Companies. fifteen organizations in the State, viz., in Barnstead, Candia, Canterbury, Dunbarton, Lyndeborough, Milford, Northwood, Pembroke, Piermont, The number Strafford, Sutton, Unity, Weare, and Windham. Hollis, of polices now losses for the in operation, is ; amount of risk, $2,136,460; expenses, $ 845.28. This would 2,292, year 1872, $ 2,116 be about $1.90 per year on $1,000 worth of property insured, or less than one per cent, for every five years. Some Mutual Fire Insurance Companies. The Commissioner says " It must be apparent to the most casual them are' dragging out the last thread of a weak and precarious existence. One or two considerable fires, to which they are hourly exposed, must inevitably crush them out." New-Hampshire Fire Insurance Company. E. A. Straw, PresActual Cash Capital, $ 200, ident, John C. French, Secretary. Whole number of polices in force, in 1872, 9,200 amount of 000. risk, $ 10,217,200; amount of loss by fires, and other expenses, $ 60, They 557.31 amount of receipts in the same time, $ 65,904.49. The whole lost by the Boston Fire, in November 1872, $ 8,500. amount of joint stock or guaranteed capital authorized, is $500,000. Foreign Fire Insurance Companies. There are about fifty companies doing business under the laws of the State. The total amount of premium receipts, for 1872, was $432,571.63. The amount of losses by fire, and marine disaster, was $ 269,914.78, leaving a balance of $ 162,556.85, for expenses and interest on of these Companies : observer, that a majority of ; ; Capital. At the first glance this large surplus looks like the in the contribution and five more box one man placing cent, for the benefit of the heathen, to defray the expenses in administering the benefit of the cent to him. But guard against devastating these large fires, But if Hampshire were burned down, the within the past two years. «, premiums are exacted to such as visited Chicago and Boston, all the cities and towns in New- would not be much larger, than the loss caused by the great fire in Boston. No doubt but the premium on risks in large cities like Boston and New York, should be much higher than in the smaller cities and towns in the country, and it appears a little hard for people living in these small cities and towns to be charged to pay these heavy premiums, to loss �434 POST OFFICES. save the various Fire Insurance Companies from loss caused by such occurred in Chicago and Boston. fires as Zdfe Insurance Companies. The number of life insurance com- panies licensed to do business in New-Hampshire, They have grown to large proportions in this State, stantly increasing through the heavy outlay in is thirty-two. and are conadvertising, and the untiring zeal of their agents. The whole number of life polices, now in force in this State, is amount of premiums received, for the year 1872, $ 703,510.37 amount paid on losses and endowments, $161,123.71, leaving a balance of $542,386.66. The 10,000; amount of risks, $ 14,754,725 ; ; expense of agents with their clerks, is about $54,000, annually, which makes the large sum of nearly $ 500,000 that is sent out of the State, more than what is received through loss of life, and interest on premiums. The amount of money which is sent out of the State annually, through fire and life insurance business, is over $600,000 more than what is received from fire and life risks. This allows over $ 100,000 for expenses to manage the business in this State This large amount of money would pay the annual interestalone. on the whole State debt, and defray the expenses of the State government every year. It is to be hoped that the people of this State will look at this question candidly, and establish and sustain institutions of this character belonging to their money No at home. own State, and retain this vast amount of one doubts the practical benefit of both of and their necessity, but we are loth to believe any need of annually sending out of the State, $ 600,000 these institutions, there is more money than is received, to secure the blessings of these institutions, which can be sustained in our own State, through the efficient agents now working for these foreign Companies. NAMES OF ALL THE POST OFFICES IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE, TOGETHER WITH LAWS REGULATING MATTER SENT BY MAIL. New-Hampshire is one of the nine States, in which the receipts exceed the expenditures, the balance being $ 32,500.39, in favor of the State, in 1872. The length of mail route, and eight miles is is 1,828 miles, of which one hundred by Steamboat, and five hundred and forty by �435 POST OFFICES. Railroad, and the rest by various conveyances. Post-offices is The number of four hundred and twenty-nine, as follows Acworth—Acworth, East Acworth, South Acworth. Albany— Conway, and North Conway. Alexandria—Alexandria. Allenstown— Allenstown, Suncook. Alstead— Alstead, Centre Alstead, New-Alstead. Alton—Alton, Alton Bay, West Alton. Amherst Amherst. Andover—Andover, East Andover, West Andover, Potter Place. Antrim—Antrim, North Branch. Ashland Ashland. Atkinson—Atkinson, Atkinson Depot. Auburn—Auburn Barnstead Barnstead, Barnstead Centre, South Barnstead, North — — — Barnstead. Barrington—Barrington, North Barrington. Bartlett—Bartlett, Lower Bartlett. Bath— Bath. — Bedford Bedford. Belmont— Belmont. Bennington— Bennington. Benton—Benton. Berlin —Berlin Falls. Bethlehem—Bethlehem. Boscawen—Boscawen, North Boscawen, Fishersville. Bow—Bow. — — Bradford Bradford. Brentwood Brentwood. Bridgewater—Bridgewater. —Bristol. — — — — Village, West Campton. Canaan— Canaan, East Canaan. Candia — Candia, Candia Village. Bristol Brookfield Brookfield Brookline Brookline. Cambridge Milan. Campton Campton, Campton Canterbury— Canterbury, Shaker Village. Carroll— Carroll, Twin Mountain House, White Mountain House. CentAe Harbor— Centre Harbor. Charlestown—Charlestown, North Chatham— Charlestown, South Charlestown. P. O. Stowe, Maine. — Chester Chester. Chesterfield— Chesterfield, West Chesterfield, Factory Chichester— Chichester, North Chichester. Claremont— Claremont, West Claremont. Clarksville— Clarksville. Village. �436 POST OFFICES. — Colebbook Colebrook. Columbia— Columbia, South Columbia. Concobd Concord, East Concord, West Concord, Mast Yard, — Fishers- ville. Conway— Conway, Conway Centre, North Conway. —Cornish. Croydon— Croydon, Croydon Flat. Dalton—Dalton. D anbury— Danbury, South Danbury. Danville—Danville. Deerfield—Deerfield, Deerfield Centre, South Deerfield. Deerinq—Deering, East Deering, West Deering. Derry— Derry, Derry Depot, East Derry. Dorchester— Dorchester, North Dorchester. Dover— Dover. Dublin— Dublin Dummer—Milan, P. O. Dunbarton— Dunbarton, North Dunbarton. Durham—Durham. East-Kingston—East Kingston. Eaton—Eaton. Cornish Effingham—Effingham, South ham Falls. Ellsworth —Ellsworth. Effingham, Effingham Centre, Effing- — Enfield Enfield, West Enfield, Enfield Centre. Epping Epping, West Epping. Epsom—Epsom, Short Falls. — Erroll—Err oil Exeter—Exeter. Farmington—Farmington. —Fitzwilliam, Fitzwilliam Fitzwilliam Depot. Francestown— Francestown. Franconia— Franconia. Franklin—Frankl in Freedom—Freedom. Fremont—Fremont. — Gilford Gilford, Lake Village. Gilmanton Gilmanton, Lower Gilmanton, Gilmanton Iron Works. Gilsum Gilsum — — Goffstown— Goflstown. Gorham— Gorham. Gosport— Gosport. Goshen Goshen, Mill Grafton Grafton — — Village. Grantham— Grantham, North Grantham. —Greenfield. Greenfield Greenland— Greenland, Eastern Depot, Concord Depot. Green ville— Greenville �437 POST OFFICES. Groton— Groton, North Groton. Hampstead— Hampstead, East Hampstead, West Hampstead. Hampton—Hampton Hampton Falls—Hampton Falls. Hancock—Hancock. Hanover— Hanover, Hanover Centre. — Harrisville Harrisville, West Hart's Location Bartlett. Harrisville. — Haverhill— Haverhill, East Haverhill, North Hebron—Hebron Henniker—Henniker, West Henniker. Hill—Hill. — Haverhill, Woodsville. Hillsborough Hillsborough, Hillsboro' Centre, Hinsdale Hinsdale Holderness Ashland or Plymouth. — Hillsboro' Bridge. — —Hollis. Hooksett—Hooksett. Hopkinton—Hopkinton, West Hopkinton, Contoocook. Hudson—Hudson. Jackson—Jackson. Jaffrey—Jaffrey, East Jaffrey. Jefferson—Jefferson Keene— Keene. Kensington— Kensington. Kingston— Kin gs ton Laconia—Laconia, Weir's Landing. Lancaster—Lancaster. Landaff— Landaff, East Landaff. Langdon—Langdon. Lebanon—Lebanon, East Lebanon, West Lebanon. Lee— Lee, Wadley's Falls. Lempster—Lempster, East Lempster. Lincoln— Lincoln. Lisbon— Lisbon, Sugar Hill. Litchfield—Thornton's Ferry. Littleton—Littleton, North Littleton. Hollis Londonderry— Londonderry, North Londonderry, Wilson's Crossing. Loudon— Loudon, Loudon Centre, Loudon Ridge. Lyman—Lyman. Lyme— Lyme, Lyme Centre. Lyndeborough—North Lyndeborough, Lyndeborough Centre, South Lyndeborough. at Dover. Madison Madison, East Madison. Manchester—Manchester, Amoskeag, GoflTs Falls. Marlborough—Marlborough, Marlborough Depot. Marlow Marlow. Mason Mason. Madbury—Post-office — — — �438 POST OFFICES.. Meredith—Meredith Center, Meredith Village. Reed's Ferry, South Merrimack, Thornton's Merrimack—Merrimack, Ferry. Middleton—Middleton Corner. Milan—Milan, West Milan. Milford Milford. Milton—Milton, South Milton, West Milton, Milton Mount Vernon Mount Vernon. — Mills. — Monroe—Monroe, North Monroe. Moultonborough—Moultonborough. Nashua— Nashua. — Nelson Nelson, Munsonville. New-Boston New-Boston — South Newbury, Chandlersyille. Newcastle— Newcastle. New-Durham— New-Durham. New-Hampton—New- Hampton. New-Ipswich— New- Ipswich. New-London— New-London, Scytheville. Newington— Newington. Newmarket— Newmarket. Newport— Newport. Newton— Newton, Newton Depot. Northfield—Northfield, and at Tilton, P. O. North Hampton— North Hampton. Northumberland—Northumberland, Groveton. Northwood— Northwood Narrows, Northwood Center, Newbury— Newbury, wood. Nottingham—Nottingham, West Nottingham. Orange East Canaan. East North- — —Orford, Orfordville. Ossipee—Ossipee, Moultonville, Ossipee Centre, Water Village, Leighton's Corner, West Ossipee. Pelh am—Pelham Orford Pembroke.— Pembroke, East Pembroke, Suncook. Peterborough— Peterborough, West Peterborough. Piermont —Piermont. — Pittsburg Pittsburg, Connecticut Lake. Pittsfield Pittsfield. — — Plainfield—Plainfield, East Plainfield. Plaistow Plaistow, Atkinson Depot. Plymouth—Plymouth, West Plymouth. Portsmouth— Portsmouth. Randolph— Gorham, P. O. Raymond—Raymond. Richmond— Richmond, North Richmond. Rindge— Rindge, West Rindge. Rochester—Rochester, East Rochester, Gonic. �439 POST OFFICES. —Rollingsford. Rollingsford Roxbury—Keene, P. O. Rumney—Rumney, West Rumney, Rumney Depot. Rye— Rye. Salem— Salem, Salem Depot, North Salem. —Salisbury, West Salisbury. Sanbornton—Sanbornton, North Sanbornton. Sandown— Sandown. Sandwich— Sandwich, North Sandwich, East Salisbury Sandwich, Sandwich Centre. Seabrook. — P. O. and Temple P. O. Shelburne— Shelburne. Somersworth — Great Falls P. O. South Hampton—South Hampton. South Newmarket— South Newmarket. Springfield—Springfield, East Springfield, West Springfield. Stark—Stark. Stewartstown—Stewartstown, West Stewartstown. Stoddard— Stoddard, South Stoddard. Strafford—Strafford Corner, North Strafford, Blue Hill, Strafford CenBow Lake. Stratford— Stratford Hollow, North Stratford. Strath am—Stratham Sullivan— Sullivan. East Sullivan. Sunapee— Sunapee, South Sunapee, George's Mills. Surry—Surry. Sutton— Sutton, North Sutton, South Sutton. Swanzey —Swanzey, Westport, West Swanzey. Tamworth —Tarn worth, South Tamworth, Tarn worth Iron Works. Temple—Temple. Thornton—Thornton, West Thornton. Seabrook Sharon— New-Ipswich ter, Tilton—Tilton, East Tilton. Troy—Troy. Tuftonborough— Tuftonborough Corner, Melvin Village, Mackerel Village. —Unity, East Unity. Unity Wakefield— Wakefield, East Wakefield, Sanborn's, Union. Walpole—Walpole, Drewsville. Warner— Warner, Roby's Corner. Warren—Warren. Washington—Washington, East Washington. Waterville— Campton P. O. Weare—Weare, East Weare, Oil Mill, North Weare, South Weare. Webster— Webster. Wentworth —Wentworth. Wentworth's Location— Wentworth's Location. [Depot. Westmoreland—Westmoreland, East Wetsmoreland, Westmoreland �KATES OF POSTAGE. 440 —Whitefield. Whitefield Wilmot—Wilmot, Wilniot Flat. Wilton, West Wilton. Winchester Winchester, Ashuelot. Windham Windham, Windham Depot, West Windham. Windsor Hillsborough Lower Village, P. O. Wolfeborough Wolfe borough, North Wolfeborough, South Wolfeborough. Wilton— East — — — — Woodstock—Woodstock, North Woodstock. RATES OF POSTAGE. Letters by mail from one post office to another, for each half ounce or fraction thereof, prepaid by postage stamps, 3 cents. Drop or Local Letters at letter-carrier offices, for or fraction thereof, prepaid by postage stamps, 2 cents. letter-carrier offices, 1 each half ounce At other than cent. Postal Cards, with postage stamps impressed upon them, 1 cent. For Newspapers and Periodicals issued once a week or more frequently, with postage paid quarterly or yearly in advance, and sent to actual subscribers, from a known office of publication, the rates are Newspapers and periodicals each Quarterly rates— Not exceeding 4 ounces in weight, sent to any part of the United : States — weekly, 5 cents; semi-weekly, 10 cents; six times a week, 30 cents ; tri-weekly, 15 cents; daily, 35 cents. — Exceeding 4 ounces and not exceeding 8 ounces weekly, 10 cents; 6emi- weekly, 20 cents tri-weekly, 30 cents six times a week, 60 cents ; ; daily, 70 cents. — Exceeding 8 ounces and not exceeding 12 ounces weekly, 15 cents; semi-weekly, 30 cents; tri-weekly, 45 cents; six times a week, 90 cents; daily, $1.05. — Exceeding 12 ounces and not exceeding 16 ounces weekly, 20 cents semi-weekly, 40 cents; tri-weekly, 60 cents; six times a week $1.20; daily, $ 1.40. Letters addressed to initials or to a box, without personal address, are lot deliverable under the rulings of the Department. Printed cards, containing no writing except the address may be sent through the mails prepaid by a one-cent postage stamp, if under two ounces in weight. Writing on a circular, in addition to the address, subjects it to letter postage. — Two postal cards joined together one containing an inquiry and the other in blank for a reply cannot be sent by mail. In such a case it would be the duty of the postmaster at the mailing office to cancel both, thus rendering the one intended for reply worthless. Postage must be paid before delivery on newspapers and other periodicals sent from a known office of publication to subscribers, for not — less than one quarter, nor more than one year, at either the office of �441 RATES OF POSTAGE. — mailing or delivery commencing at any time, and to be accounted for in the quarter in which it is received. No law was passed by Congress compelling subscribers to regular newspapers, etc., to pay quarterly postage in the mailing office in advance, after July 1, 1873. They may pay at either office after July 1, as now. When a subscriber to a paper or periodical shows a receipt for postage paid at his former residence for one or more quarters in advance, the publication should be delivered to him for the unexpired time paid for, provided it is mailed direct from the office of publication and not remailed from his former residence. If remailed from his former residence (without prepayment of postage), double transient rates must be collected on delivery. size, issued less frequently than once a week, be sent in packages to one address at the rate of one cent for each package not exceeding four ounces in weight. The postage to be paid quarterly or yearly in advance. When packages of newspapers are received at a post-office directed to one address and the names of the subscribers to whom they belong, with the postage for a quarter in advance, is handed to a postmaster, he should deliver them accordingly, provided they are properly folded. Newspapers having writing on their margins are subject to letter postage, and postmasters should collect postage at letter rates on all papers having writing on them when found in the mails. The following are the quarterly rates of postage, when paid quarterly or yearly in advance, on newspapers and periodicals issued less frequently than once a week, and sent to actual subscribers from a known Newspapers of small may office of publication Newspapers, magazines, and other periodical publications, each: Not exceeding four ounces in weight, sent to any part of the United States semi-monthly, 6 cents monthly, 3 cents quarterly, 1 cent. Exceeding 4 ounces and not exceeding 8 ounces semi-monthly, 12 cents monthly, 6 cents quarterly, 2 cents. Exceeding 8 ounces and not exceeding 12 ounces semi-monthly, 18 cents monthly, 9 cents quarterly, 3 cents. Pamphlets, occasional publications, transient newspapers, maga- — ; ; ; ; ; — — ; zines, hand-bills, posters, unsealed circulars, prospectuses, scripts, book-manu- proof sheets, corrected proof-sheets, maps, prints, engravings, blanks, flexible patterns, sample cards, phonographic paper, letter en- and wrappers, cards, plain and ornamental paper, photographic representations of different types, seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots, scions, and all other matter, which may be declared mailvelopes, postal envelopes able by law, and all other articles not above the weight prescribed by law, which are not, from their form or nature, liable to destroy, deface, or otherwise injure the contents of the mail-bag, or the person of any one engaged in the postal service, may be sent by mail, prepaid by stamps at the rate of 1 cent for each two ounces or fractional part thereof, but books, samples of metals, ores, minerals and merchandise, �MONEY ORDER POST 442 OFFICES. two cents for each two ounces, or fracAll liquids, poisons, glass, explosive materials, and obscene books, shall be excluded from the mails. All matter, excepting books and other printed matter, book manuscripts, proof-sheets, must be prepaid at the rate of tional part thereof. and corrected proof-sheets, shall not exceed twelve ounces in weight. Samples of metals, ores, and mineralogical specimens shall not exceed twelve ounces in weight. Packages of woolen, cotton, or linen clothing, not exceeding two pounds in weight, may be sent through the mail to any non-commissioned officer or private in the army of the United States, if prepaid, at the rate of one cent for each one ounce, or fraction thereof, subject to 6uch regulation as the Postmaster General may prescribe. No package weighing more than four pounds shall be received for conveyance by mail, except books published or circulated by order of Congress. Money-orders, for sums not exceeding $50 on one order, will be issued on deposits with the Postmaster, at any money-order post office, payable at any one of the designated money-order offices, being the larger cities and towns in the United States, on payment of the followOn orders not exceeding $ 10, five cents over $ 10 and not ing fees exceeding $20, ten cents; over $20 and not exceeding $30, fifteen cents over $ 30 and not exceeding $ 40, twenty cents exceeding $ 40, : ; ; ; twenty-five cents. MONEY-ORDER POST-OFFICES IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Ashland, �443 STATISTICAL TABLES. CHAPTER V. Tabular Statement of the population of the cities and towns in the State, ratable polls, assessed valuation of all the towns, stock in trade, interest, deposits in savings banks, proportional tax, town money at debts, clergymen, lawyers, physicians, merchants, agricultural productions, value of farms, number of farms, dwellings and families, value of cotton manufactories, woolen manufactories, boots and shoes, hosiery, paper mills, lumber mills, grist mills, tanneries, total manufactories in the State, various occupations of the people in 1870, in 1870, number number of each kind of manufactories, in the State, deaths, by towns, in the State, in 1870, centenarians have died since 1822, &c, &c. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New- Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. who �444 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New- Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New-Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. 445 �446 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New- Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New- Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. 447 �448 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing Population of New -Hampshire in 1870, 1860 and 1850. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT. Selected Ages, with Sex, by Counties. 449 �450 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT. Classification of Population of New- Hampshire by Age and Sex 1870 and 1860. suses of 1870. at the Cen~ �STATISTICAL TABLES. 451 IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. The following statement shows the number of persons, in 1870, who were born in New-Hampshire, also the number living here who were natives of other States and countries. living in other States, New -Hampshire in Account vrilh oilier States lation, as and Territories in regard to by Census Returns in 1860 and 1870. i* Popu- �IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION. 452 of 172, and probably without a parallel in any State or nation, have, in California, 176 more persons this side of Ireland. We than in 1860 255 in Illinois, ; Massachusetts, 7,204 Iowa, 1731 in ; in Minnesota, ; 841 ; in Kansas, ; 658 561 in Missouri, in ; in ; "While in and in District of Columbia, 295. Alabama there are 45 less Louisiana, 64 Georgia, 54 Maryland, 48 Mississippi, 48 North Carolina, 45 South Carolina, 57 TenMaine, 2,612 Vermont, 4,029 New-York, 3,740 and nessee, 41 New-Jersey, 666 ; ; ; ; This shows conclusively, that New-Hampshire has not Ohio, 844. many ; ; ; so ; ; ; ; ; men carpet-baggers (as are now termed who go south to by several hundred, as before the war. In 1860, New-Hampshire had in its population, of foreign born, reside) in the South, 20,939 in 1870, 29,611 ; In 1870, a gain in ten years of 8,672. ; and there were 40,820 persons in the State having a foreign father foreign mother ; 42,862 having a foreign father, and 42,550 having Of the a foreign mother. ca 2 in Asia ; ; Islands; 9 in Austria 13 Indians in Canada 514 Cuba States ; 11 in ; 55 Holland in 4 in Bohemia 239 ; 22 specified) ; ; in the ; 3 in 1 in ; Central America 60 in France 436 ; 12,190 in Ireland ; Hungary 7 in India ; 2 in Poland ; Sandwich Islands 11 in Switzerland 12 ; in ; ; 892 9 in ; Turkey ; 11 in West number of colored people in 1 in ; ; ; Scotland Greece 1 in 42 ; in 5 German ; ; 5 Mexico 4 iu Sweden 2 in Russia ; ; in Brit- 5 in China ; 9 in Italy Portugal 225 ; in all the 9 in South America: 9 in Spain ; Newfoundland in Prince Edward's Island ; in Afri- Australasian 11,901 white, 2 colored, and New-Brunswick 6 in in Denmark ; 14 107 in Great Britian (not specified) ; Norway The ; 2,679 in England 27 in Wales in Scotia; America (not ish in Nova in foreign population, 4 were born 8 in the Atlantic Islands ; ; India, and 11 at sea. was Portsmouth had the largest number in 1870, viz. 56 Manchester, 50 Exeter, 54 Concord 36 Dover, 33, and Nashua 25. In 1790, there were 158 580 ; total in 1860, 520 ; and in the State, in 1870, in 1810, 970. ; ; ; ; slaves in the State in 1800, 8 in 1830, 3, and in 1840, 1. There were 3 Indians in Carroll County 13 in Coos 5 in Hillsborough 1 in Rockingham, and 1 in Sullivan making in all 23. ; ; ; ; The census shows that ances, had, born ; ; this State, in 1870, in other States and foreign in striking the balcountries, 8,500 more people than in 1860, and still our population decreased 7,473 in the last decade. It does not solve this problem, and it will be hard to induce people to believe that for the past ten years 15,000 more �453 STATISTICAL TABLES. people have died in the State, or moved into foreign countries, than have been born for the past ten years, if we do take into account the fearful loss of life in If this the late rebellion. is the fact, worthy of the serious consideration of every thoughtful State. The natives of New-Hampshire can man it is in the truly be classed with the lone Indian, for with a loss at the same ratio, for the next fifty years, not a vestige of pure, original, left, New-Hampshire blood will be that ran in the veins of our forefathers one hundred years ago. TABULAR STATEMENT, By Towns, for the year 1872, Showing the. Ratable Polls, Assessed Valuation, True Valuation. Stock in Trade, Stocks, and Money at Interest, Savings Banks Deposits, Proportion on $ 1,000 KOCKINCHAM CO. and Town Debts over available Assets. �454 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT, By Towns, for the year 1872, Showing the Ratable Polls, Assessed Value, &c. STRAFFORD CO. �STATISTICAL TABLES. • By TABULAR STATEMENT, Towns, for the year 1872, Showing the Eatable MERRIMACI 455 Polls, Assessed Value, &c. �456 STATISTICAL TABLES. By Towns, for the year 1872, Showing the Ratable Polls, Assessed Value, TABULAR STATEMENT, SULLIVAN CO. <&c. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 457 TABULAR STATEMENT, By Towns, for the year 1872, Showing the Eatable COOS CO. Polls, Assessed Value, &c. s �458 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULARSTATEMENT, Showing number of Clergymen, Physicians, Dentists, and Manufacturers, by Towns, arranged Lawyers, Merchants, alphabetically. �459 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing number of Clergymen, Physicians, Dentists, and Manufacturers, by Towns, arranged Lawyers, Merchants alphabetically. TOWNS. TOWNS. >.= Loudon Rochester Lyman Lyme Rollinsford . Roxbury Itumney Kye Salem Lynileborough Madbury Madison Manchester Marlborough Salisbury Sanbornton Sandown Marlow Mason Sandwich Seabrook Sharon Meredith Merrimack Middleton Milan Shelburne ' Somersworth South Hampton South Newmarket Milford Milton . Mount Vernon Springfield Monroe Stark Stewartstown Stoddard Moultonborou; Nashua 13 Nelson New-Boston Strafford Stratford Newbury Stratham New-Castle Sullivan New-Durham New-Hampton Sunapee Surry Newington New-Ipswich New-Londou New-Market Newport Sutton Newton Northfleld Tilton Orford Ossipee Pel ham . Plaistow Plymouth Portsmouth Kandolph Richmond Rindge . . Walpole 3 Plainfield Raymond Wakefield 10 . Peterborough Piermont Pittsburg Pittsfield . Troy Tuftonborough Unity . North Hampton Northumberlant North-wood Nottingham Orange Pembroke . . Swanzey Tarn worth Temple Thornton 21 35 3 2u 2 7 22 220 12 9 11 Warner Warren Washington Waterville Weare . Webster Wentworth Westmoreland Whitefield Wilmot" Wilton Winchester . Windham . Windsor Wolfeborough Woodstock �460 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR Relative to the Agricultural Productions of the State, ROCKINGHAM �STATISTICAL TABLES. STATEMENT. As per Census county. a n of 1870. 461 �462 STATISTICAL TABLES. �STATISTICAL TABLES. COUNTT. 463 �464 STATISTICAL TABLES. MERRIMACK �STATISTICAL TABLES. COUNTY. 00 o o c o "3 J3 00 § 465 �466 STATISTICAL TABLES. CHESHIRE �STATISTICAL TABLES. COUNTY. s o "8 o p. o •§ 3 pq 467 �468 STATISTICAL TABLES. GRAFTON �STATISTICAL TABLES. COUNTY. 469 �470 STATISTICAL TABLES. COOS �STATISTICAL TABLES. COUNTY. 471 �STATISTICAL TABLES. 472 NH05»0<0«0>OH O CO^r-^O^i-^CM^CM^ (Ct-O) •seo;*;od jo s^qsna ©©©^ ^©^ 1 CO* rH ai 2 o5 ei rx> <m cm wa cd oc -<*CNCMCO-<*C0<OCM 1 cm O 00 t~- (CeocoeCHcct-x^tr ^co co •gnBoq pu« sued jo sjoqena co ce i.o icc ** cr ^t CO ro H< to <o*" r-T of x" CO ro~ t^ 00 W o ^^^©.cO, •ODOuqo^ jo spnno^ *J*CMiO<M©O*b-.-iQ0© r-ico'' i— < i- «ji co t— i—'i "Jooa jo spunon iO ©' t^ * «-*„ ©„ CO, CO' CM** rt« OOtO^l-ttOLlOlffiCDO " « t- in n C co coocii-nni^ ?i ^ r< •eA"j jo siaqsng «C' co, (Dn'rHHiOCO CO*"©' CM © c © n pi o co a cn CO -+ oi « c H © I— ONHOrtWO :»o r: '£ iO >o M y c r-4 or. c rpjeqM jo Bjeqetia Ot-COCOOHOl^b-iO CO » ph T *t"C O O C CO »o, ©^ cc cm ©^ ©. r-^ cn >\ ©*" V *ft <o HooococaisabcD^i# © r-" co"" h** T[00%9 9AII H* JO 9ni«A p9JBl0i; s a <d r-T oi" t-COr-tCMCCOOTftCOGOCJi h^ P »-* lOCMCOOJCfiCMO' •eniMs jo aeqinnjii Ph ^00©C0©*Ot— COlCt— <J O t^eo^ o\i-h^ c_ t- cc ph t-^ ©*" t-T t*T 00 CM r-T r-T OC tO <& w CO pt CO CO CO rH rH P5 00 i- CO lO h> CM 03 CJ) CO h- CO^CCCM-tOHrtcOcO <* * '9HJBD jo J9qran>j b^ ©_ CM^ r-ToTiO CM ^ ©_ « p* CO I- 00*00 t-^ i-"'00* CO*" HCMNCNHrHCOH *S9SJoq jo J9qran^ cowinoi^Ht~HCOCft h-iOiOH^ifl'-'WCOH ©C COCOCOTriCiOiOCO •pa^i p9A0jdtnj jo B9JDy * :-g= • : : |a-]iijf| • �473 STATISTICAL TABLES. *8jn9cnJ8H9q Suipupat 'fffonp -oad iujbj [|« jo 9iii«A psvuiatjsa £ b to o jo o a> oc ac "cc a i *SJB| •jCeaoq jo c-f M f O © W '^ W O Ob oo.^L^T.wy^.^i <p io cT oo* •* ce c* »g eo r-l CN CO r-< rH CO i— C-I I « Bpunoj •S9SS1310UI 9[dBtu ifl '-O ff) i— Oi -r io -top ui 'sjonpoad ^sejoj jo oops a. it, 'O CO H co oTr-Teo o"*n r- rH o CC G -t » t- » 00 Ol N X O H r- >C C£ •HJUJIOp at *pios jo p9J9?q9n«ie fi[BiuiaB jo otifBA o a :: »c SB «o oo <o t**> eaonBf) r - I ~Z- i-T so •juSns 9(dBta epanod C "1 t--^ ?1 M H N HMrt'H rH (M CN c r— ao c-i o hi H •edoq jo sputi'M P O O •p998 ssbj3 8(9qsna >> •£«q jo saox "e 95 "" ' S °° "* ci ci' ci i£ Zi 22 CO t^ 00 -t *!J tj*" o co ^ I co -#' of e**nt M O 1- b- -M £ CO rH CM CO_ CM CTj . ' OV>fl**t-H©DHOi ^ Oi i£ t*< m (O CO U3 CD iO "1* ' * .IDiOOri^ ^Ct-iNiO^^ o n *pi os ^n™ suon^o 1 CM l-< <NO^r('*2 ,OH 8 S n rift' ' E-i «4 e^t-cjstocoocoOTiMao '>! OM hJ •9B99qo jo P spunoj ^ C O o— -^ CO t> -t os os c^co^i- r-^-* I-*. o_3o *n> etfaTo'?© t- fc— co i— ~ >~ '— - ~ CO t- CO X r i ' H lOtXniO00^» t- rH Pi •J9^nq jo spunoa w WOCOO«HOt-WN CCOOQOMCDt-C-lHOJH (4 oad U9pj«2 •sjonp 9iiiua * C O N PJ 05 t "V l ° r"l. !0 i9^JBca jo t-COOSCOiCCC'i«OSOSiO 355io«p^hinSSt-'« S.OS, ^CO -*iC_CO^CM •ejonpoad pauqoio jo 9tq*A tt^CO, (MrtifiOCHiOiOn - •2 »*g Qi to » . * S £ a J -111 1 QSaZSomOO ICfl cm I I """i, CM �474 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT, and unimproved land, value of farms and farming implements, and amount of wages annually paid for farm labor. Showing number acres of improved Unimproved. S-g (=5 *-* 73 Counties. > - o 2 5 Rockingham Strafford 235,605 102,412 155,421 176,191 335,882 283,874 260,180 221,310 442,738 120,870 Carroll Merrimack .. Hillsborough. Cheshire Sullivan Grafton Coos Totals 24,127 6.119 2,597 120,659 2,282 21,606 8,327 2,336 31,052 5,030 $13,418,030 2,334,487 . .... Belknap 2, = 97,105 49,739 53,544 151,164 124,211 92,084 72,073 64,332 230,300 112,529 1,047,690 224,417 Counties. the number of farms, 2*0 <s a 1H $277,305 5,127,390 4,934,900 4,963,413 12,096,577 11,073,395 7,151,499 6,069,230 12,106,924 3,647,955 $ 464.255 190.226 184,548 177,522 442,380 530,81 323,446 313,971 646.343 186,435 $80,589,313 $3,459,943 $2,319,164 TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing ^ a * 3 and number of acres in each. 149,640 99,797 93,282 286,916 332,813 206,416 209,592 485.108 178,295 �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE, Relative to the Cotton Manufactories in ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. New- Hampshire. 475 �476 STATISTICAL TABLES. HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY CONTINUED. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE Relative to the Woolen Mills in New- Hampshire. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. 477 �478 STATISTICAL TABLES. SULLIVAN COUNTY. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 479 TABLE Relative to the Manufacturing of sale Boots, Shoes, Brogans &c.,in New-Hamp- shire. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. Hands employed. t. •- TOWNS. ~ s o Atkinson Auburn Brentwood $4,000 7 12 15 Candia Candia 4,000 6,000 11,000 43,000 6,000 18,000 7,500 33,000 60,000 25,000 48,000 8,000 3,000 25.000 15,000 20,000 24,000 6,000 26,000 5,000 25,000 6,000 1,000 55,000 75,000 19,000 5,000 20,000 6,000 44,000 20,000 120,000 6,000 , 25 111 25 Chester Danville 40 Peerfield Deerfield 20,1)00 6 50,000 75 120 40 4n,(l00 Derry East Kingston 121 .. Epping Fremont 2d Greenland Hampstead Hampton Hampton 12.000 6,00(1 40 35 Falls.. 4( Kensington Kingston Londonderry.... is New 50 4( in 50 12 3 110 Castle Newton Newmarket .... North Hampton Northwood Northwood Nottingham 170 .... 4i Plaistow Portsmoutl 12 40 Raymond 17 Salem 62 45 225 20 Sandown Seabrook Windham Totals JoT3 o <0 II &.„ 3 u * 1 14 #'J64.(i(in 2; - 2 = 2 c 25,000 24,000 28,000 34,000 — $ 30,000 28.000 30,000 37,000 313,000 35,000 125,000 41,000 240,000 200,000 300,00(1 30,000 120,000 30,000 200,000 160,000 96,000 244,000 30,000 18.000 72,000 48,000 90,000 120,000 24,000 88,000 20,000 120,000 24,000 6,000 152,000 400,000 56,000 18,000 90.000 25,000 190,000 120,000 800,000 25,000 110, 238,000 32,000 20,000 84,000 44,000 100,000 130,000 26,000 98,000 25,000 135,000 28,000 7,000 215.000 500,000 100,000 20,000100,000 30,000 200,000 125,000 750,000 30,000 $ 799,000 3,867,000 >4,226,000 60 660 750 10 23 452 100 36 $30,000 410,000 500.000 3.000 12,000 242,000 5,000 17,000 150,000 1,150,000 1,500,000 10,000 101.000 726,000 300,000 100,000 160,000 1,580,000 1,700,000 12,000 125,000 920,000 325,000 115,000 2,101 356 $1,264,000 3,837,000 1,632 STRAFFuRD COUNTY. Barrington* Dover ... Farmington Lee* ... 451,000 500,000 Milton Rochester Somersworth 15,000 372,000 *. Strafford* .? 1,237,0(10 BELKNAP COUNTY. > 4,937,000 �480 STATISTICAL TABLES. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE Relative to Hosiery Mills in New- Hampshire. 481 �482 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE Relative to Paper Mills in New- Hampshire. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. �STATISTICAL TABLES. ABSTRACT STATEMENT of the Paper Manufactories. 483 �484 STATISTICAL TABLES. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 485 MERRIMACK COUNTY CONTINUED. Lumber annually sawed. TOWNS. a .2 -3 02 a a <* 2 fc, llopkinton... Loudon Newbury.... 13,000 7,000 5,000 2,000 6,000 9,000 10,n00 , New-London., Northfield .., Pembroke... Pittsfield Salisbury .... Sutton 3,01)0 2,000 4,000 1,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 2,000 4,000 8,000 1,000 4,000 5,000 21,000 9,000 60,00 Warner Webster Wilmot Total 82 $245,000 235 $73,500 125,000 10,000 40,000 20,000 60,000 3 O §.9 a 250,000 40,000 300,000 750,000 200,000 950,000 750,000 120,000 200.000 450,000 400,000 100,000 510,000 8,725.001) 1,122,000 565,000 1,100,000 100,000 650,000 1,800,009 400,000 315,000 570,000 1,375,000 1,225,000 1,500,000 24.000 10,000 13,000 5,000 8,000 31,000 12,000 5,000 9,000 21,000 24,000 19,000 22,497,000 S 411,000 HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY. Amherst Antrim $1 §3,000 ,000 11 ,000 Bennington Brookline . Deering Francestown Goffstown 4,000 5,000 1,000 9,000 1,500 3,000 5,000 19 .MUM 8 000 30 Ml HI 8, MMM 2. 000 13 ,000 Bedford ... . . Greenfield Greenville 3,,000 Hancock 3 ,000 5 ,000 6 Hillsborough... Hollis Hudson Lyndeborough Manchester .... Mason Merrimack 2,000 2,000 1,200 3,000 2 ,000 3 ,000 Nashua Boston.... Ipswich... Pelham Peterborough Sharon .. 6,000 2.000 8,000 2,500 1,000 4,000 4.000 3,000 MMM 500 1,400 ,000 7,00ft !,000 102 , S 337,000 308? 106,301 CHESHIRE COUNTY. Alstead & 13,000 Chesterfield . Dublin Fitzwilliam . Harrisville... Hinsdale Jaffrey Keene Marlborough. Marlow Nelson Richmond Rindge Roxbury 14,' km 5.000 29,000 3O0( Gilsum ... 200,000 8 10 7 34 3 4,000 13,000 20,000 24,000 3,000 9,000 4,000 30.000 31,000 72 29 500 1 5 14 16 13 3 12 7 700,000 600,000 2,273,000 360,000 1,400,000 400,000 10,000 240,000 700,i 00 50,000 2,000 225 IKK) 2*0,0 10 1,0<XI 1, Wilton Windsor 10,000 601 ijOOO Temple Weare 800,000 600 18 000 5 000 50 000 12. HUM 4, 000 17 000 18, HMO 3, 000 Milford 925,000 600,000 1,300.000 400,000 1,600,1X10 3,001 2,500 1,000 18,000 20 000 Mount Vernon. 125.0«X 100,000 395,000 500 10 5 ,000 . Total II 13 ,000 5 OHM 13 ,000 Litchfield New New I 5,01X1 5,000 21,000 9,000 10,000 15,000 25,000 62,000 3,165,000 1,000,000 1,400,000 700,000 1,700,000 625,000 6,075,000 300,000 550,000 1,700,000 420,000 2,500,000 1,500,000 350,000 1,100,000 1,500,000 600,000 120,000 920,000 1,100,000 400,000 $ 17,000 9,000 26.000 5,000 22,000 9,000 9,000 46,000 4,000 20,000 5,000 17,000 21,000 10,000 34,000 12,000 128,000 4,000 9,000 33,000 6,000 60,000 27,000 6,000 19,000 19,000 8,000 2,000 14,000 22,000 5,000 35,148,000! S 619,000 �486 STATISTICAL TABLES. CHESHIRE COUNTY CONTINUED. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 487 �488 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE New- Hampshire. Relative to Grist Mills in ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. a ° TOWNS. JO. E S tc Eitst King-ton.. > 600 Epping 4,00(1 3,000 Hampton 2,01 Ml Hamjiton Falls Nortliwood North Hampton Nottingham .... . Plaistow Portsmouth Raymond Rye Seab rook Stratham Total. 500 1,000 600 1,000 2 000 18.000 3.000 1,000 4,noo STRAFFORD COUNTY. M< 234..-IIHI $ 267,700 1,600 2,0ii0 $44,600 5,500 10,000 20,000 2,000 6,000 1,700 2,500 800 1.000 16.000 106,000 21.000 11.000 24 000 7,000 $ 6,000 800 400 900 600 2,000 Exeter Greenland 400 600 800 200 400 200 200 100 200 600 $ S S II | 11,000 21,000 2,500 7,000 2.000 3,000 1,000 1,200 19,000 120,000 25,000 13,000 27,000 9,000 �STATISTICAL TABLES. 489 �490 STATISTICAL TABLES. GRAFTON COUNTY. TOWNS. Ashland Bath Bethlehem S 2,000 Bristol Campton Canaan Danbnry Enfield Franconia Grafton Groton Hanover , Haverhill Lebaa n Lisbon Littleton Lyme Monroe Orford Piermont Plymouth Kninney Warren Went worth Totals Berlin Colebrook Columbia En nl Gorham Jefferson Lancaster Milan Northumberland Pittsburg Stratford Stewartstown Wakefield Total . , �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE Relative to Tanneries in New- Hampshire. 491 �492 STATISTICAL TABLES. CHESHIRE COUNTY CONTINUED. �STATISTICAL TABLES. TABLE Relative to the total Manufactories in New- Hampshire. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. I �494 STATISTICAL TABLES. �STATISTICAL TABLES. MERRIMACK COUNTY CONTINUED. 495 �496 STATISTICAL TABLES. SULLIVAN COUNTY. Number Hands of employed. horse power, TOWNS. — -3 S-S 12 36 Cornish 1,364 11 . 270 240 136 Acworth.... Charlestown Claremont 84 Croydon Goshen Grantham 70 80 285 40 225 610 120 62 292 40 269 .. Langdon.... Lempster . Newport... . Plainfield .. Springfield . Sunapee.... Unity Washington 240 Total 3,951 $ 46,000 156,000 750,000 14,000 2,000 16,000 22,1X10 5,000 11,000 375,000 11,000 5,000 66,000 3,000 34,000 1 1,506,000 75 225 $ 23,000 146,000 248,000 8,000 4,500 5,000 10,000 2,500 13 000 118,000 4, nun 1.000 28,000 3,000 25,000 871 25 14 19 34 7 40 197 10 7 52 10 1,123| 524 Ashland Bath Benton Bethlehem 13 , 39 13 7 .., Bridgewater. Bristol Campton Canaan Banbury 16 3 31 12 25 9 Borchester... Ellsworth.... Enfield Franeonia Grafton Groton 7 2 38 22 4 11 Hanover 10 Haverhill Hebron'. 48 5 Holderness... 8 28 48 Landaff Lebanon Lincoln Lisbon 1 35 37 9 23 Littleton Lyman Lyme Monroe 1 Orange 4 23 Orford Piermont 11 Plymouth.... 39 Rumney 31 Thornton , Warren Wentworth... Woodstock... Total 4 23 13 5 357,000 1,250,000 25.000 7.000 48,000 33,000 5,000 26,000 619,000 17,000 4,000 117,000 10.000 85,000 $639,000 $2,703,000 GRAFTON COUNTY. Alexandria.. $ 100,000 $ 7.000 110,000 10,000 3,000 58,000 1,500 108,000 12,000 36,000 9,000 20,000 700 54,000 23,000 3,000 6,000 10,000 34,000 6,000 6,000 18,000 315,000 1,000 61,000 99,000 6,000 10,000 1,000 1,000 18,000 17,000 51,000 39,000 4,000 28,000 25,000 10,000 �STATISTICAL TABLES. COOS COUNTY. 497 �498 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing the various Occupations of the people of New- Hampshire, in 1870. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 499 �500 STATISTICAL TABLES. Mechanical and Mancf'iro Industries. �STATISTICAL TABLES. Mechanical and Mandf'inq Industbies. 501 �STATISTICAL TABLES. 502 TABULAR STATEMENT, By towns, showing number of deaths in the State in 1870. BELKNAP COUNTY. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. TOWNS. TOWNS. Alton Barnstead Atkinson Auburn Brentwood Belmont Candia Chester Centre Harbor.. Gilmanton County Farm Gilford Deerfleld , Derry East Kingston New Hampton. , Sanbornton.... , TUtou Eppiug Exeter Fremont Gosport Greenland 101 122 CARROLL COUNTY. Albany Bartlett Falls. .. Brookfield Kensington Kingston Londonderry New 31 Total Hampstead Hampton Hampton , Laconia Meredith Danville Chatham Conway Eaton Effingham Castle Newington Freedom Jack9on Madison Moultonborough Newmarket Newton North Hampton... Northwood Nottingham Sandwich Plaistow Tamworth Portsmouth Raymond Tuftonborough. Wakefield Rye Wofeborough ., Salem.- Sandown 159 Total Seabrook South Newmarket. South Hampton... Stratham MERRIMACK COUNTY. Allenstown . Andover Boscawen Windham Sow Bradford Canterbury STRAFFORD COUNTY. Barrington Dover . Chichester . . Concord Dunbarton . . . Durham Epsom Farniington.. Franklin... Lee Henniker Madlmry Hill Middleton.... Milton Hooksett.. .. Hopkinton... Loudon New Durham i Newbury Rochester.... New London Rollinsford. .. Somersworth. Northfleld Strafford. Pembroke... .., Pittsfield ... Total . .... 26 154 153 Salisbury . . 70 �STATISTICAL TABLES. MERRIMACK COUNTY CONTINUED. 503 CHESHIRE COUNTY CONTINUED. TOWNS. �504 STATISTICAL TABLES. GRAFTON COUNTY CONTINUED. �DECEASED CENTENARIANS. 505 demic, but this scourge, consumption, creates no fear with the peo- and they pass heedlessly and carelessly along without taking any its flattering premonitory symptoms. If the inhabitants at the north were as guarded as the people in Virginia, or other southern States, in their clothing and exposure to inclement weather, this mortality, caused by lung affection, could be reduced at least fifty per cent. ple, precaution to guard against DECEASED CENTENARIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE SINCE 1822. Through the courtesy of Dea. Daniel F. Secomb of Concord, we are enabled to give the number of persons who have died since 1822, at one hundred years of age and upwards. The reader will perceive that people live quite as long at the present day, as fifty years ago, notwithstanding the sayings of older people to the contrary, who are led to believe that the vanities of dress, and the general style of is living, has a no doubt but the generation of to tendency to shorten day has a life. There lease of life at least ten years longer than the generation of seventy-five years ago. The census of New-Hampshire in 1870, when compared with that of 1860, reveals some curious facts which are worthy of careful consideration. age, The number was 67,578 34,460 ; ; of children in 1860, under ten years of in 1870, 47,817 in 1870, 31,578 ; ; fifteen forty years and under twenty, in 1860, and under fifty, in 1860, 33,613; in 1870, 39,355; seventy and under eighty, in 1860, 9,941 eighty and under ninety years, in 1860, 3,030 in 1870, 16,647 in It ; ; and under one hundred years, in 1860, 364 1870, 337 one hundred years and over, in 1860, 7 in 1870, 18. also shows that in 1860, there were living in New-Hampshire in 1870, 3,555 ; ninety ; ; 266,952 persons under ; fifty years of age; of the same age in 1870, 235,998, or 30,954 less than in 1860. fifty The number of persons of years of age and upwards in 1860, was 59,120 ; in 1870, 82, more than in 1860. It is evident that the principal cause of this great change in the population of the State, as to age, is in the younger class leaving the State to seek employment elsewhere, and leaving the older persons at home. If this young class with their wives and children would return to New-Hampshire, who have left it within the past ten years, it would no doubt increase the population at least 40,000. The war had something to do with this 302, or 23,182 �STATISTICAL TABLES. 506 depletion of middle aged persons. Over 5,000 gave up their lives in the contest for the cause of the Union. The tables herewith annexed, are very interesting for the reader to ponder. Names of persons who have died at one Hew -Hampshire, hundred years of age and since 1822. over, in �507 STATISTICAL TABLES. NAMES OF PERSONS WHO DIED FROM 1853 TO 1864. �PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 508 CHAPTER VI. ) Giving a statement of all the public Schools in the State, Dartmouth College, Literary Institutions, State Institutions, such as New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane, College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Orphan's State Prison, State Normal School, State Capitol, Home, Reform School and Relig- ious Denominations in the State. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. The founders of New-Hampshire believed in universal education. They believed, too, that the idea of a republic was the idea of a people governing themselves. This implied that the people should amount of intelligence and virtue, which are essential self-government. Our early legislators enacted laws providing possess that to for a system of free Our common schools. present free educational institutions are of the highest val- ue to the State. The maintenance of them involves a great expense and much care, but it is a wise outlay. Knowledge is less Ignorance is a dangerous and costly any form of government, and under a republican, des- expensive than ignorance. factor under tructive. The poses. several towns are sub -divided into districts for school pur- In the sparsely settled districts, the schools are ungraded. and several of the larger villages, a system of graded schools has been established, embracing Primary, Intermediate, Grammar and High School Departments, with rooms, furniture, books, apparatus and teachers suited to the peculiar wants of each grade. The best graded schools are found in Manchester, Nashua, Great Falls, Dover, Littleton, Concord, Portsmouth, Milford and In the cities Claremont. Towns and cities are required, by law, to raise annually, support of public schools, three hundred and fifty dollars for for each �STATISTICAL TABLES. dollar of the apportionment of State tax districts The towns, cities and school can raise larger sums by vote. school authority of the State tion, consisting of the Governor, of public instruction. The stitutes ; 509 is vested in a Board of Educa- Councilors and Superintendent latter is required to hold Teacher's In- annually, in each county, prepare and distribute school blanks and registers, and present an annual report to the General Court, upon the condition and progress of the schools. The following tables will exhibit the standing of schools in the various cities and towns in the State. TABLE Of Schools in New- Hampshire. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. <2 TOWNS. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 510 STRAFFORD COUNTY. 1- TOWNS. �STATISTICAL TABLES. MERRIMACK COUNTY CONTINUED. TOWNS. 511 �512 STATISTICAL TABLES. CHESHIRE COUNTY CONTINUED. TOWNS. �STATISTICAL TABLES. COOS COUNTY. 513 �DARTMOUTH COLLEGE. 614 DARTMOUTH COLLEGE. Dartmouth College, the fourth of the New-England Colleges —preceded in chro- by Harvard, Yale and Brown, and but little behind the last named sprang from a noteworthy germ of christian philanthropy. It was an off-shoot of Moor's charityschool, an institution for the education of Indian youth, established in Lebanon, Conn., in the year 1754. The school was subsequently removed to Hanover, N. H., a charter for a college, to be connected with it This and yet a distinct institution, having been previously obtained. charter was issued Dec. 13, 1769, by the Hon. John Wentworth, the last of the royal governors of the Province of New-Hampshire. The founnological order in that respect only — der of the charity-school was named in it as the first President of the college and, in view of the interest taken in the school by Lord Dartmouth, an excellent English nobleman, and of his benefactions to it, his name was appropriately given to the college. One of the most signal events in the history of the Institution is the controversy, out of which arose the famous Dartmouth College case. The legislature of New-Hampshire, influenced by considerations which need not here be detailed, claimed the right to "amend" the royal charThey passed an act to that effect, in 1816, changing the name of the ter. institution to " Dartmouth University," and embracing other important modifications. To this act the trustees were opposed and, with the design of testing its constitutionality, they brought an action before the ; ; Supreme Court of the By State. this tribunal the legislature was sus- and an appeal was taken by the trustees to the Supreme Court of the United States, John Marshall being then chief justice. The cause of the college was there argued by Daniel Webster, and other able counsel, and fully sustained by the court. With such occasional ebbs and eddies as pertain to all like institutions, but with remarkable steadiness on the whole, the college has gone onward from its small beginnings to its present condition of enThe whole number of its alumni, as given largement and prosperity. in the last " Triennial," is three thousand, nine hundred and seven. These have come from all parts of the land and, as graduates, have been scattered as widely. While a considerable number have entered from the cities and large towns, the great majority have come from rural places. The average age of admission has been somewhat above and to the maturity thus secured has been that of many other colleges tained ; ; ; From these added, in many cases, the stimulus of self-dependence. and other causes, Dartmouth students, as a class, have been characterized by a spirit of earnestness, energy, and general manliness, of the Most of them have gone, not into 'happiest omen as to their life-work. the more lucrative lines of business, but into what may be called the working professions. To the ministry, the college has given more than nine hundred of her sons. Dr. Chapman says, in his " Sketches of the Alumni :" "There have been thirty-one judges of the United States and State Supreme Courts ; fifteen senators in Congress ; and sixty-one rep- �DARTMOUTH COLLEGE. resentatives ; 515 two United States cabinet ministers; four ambassadors fourteen governors of one post-master-general twenty-five presidents of colleges one and one of a Territory hundred and four professors of academical, medical, or theological colleges. From the last Triennial Catalogue, this list might be considerably enlarged. Perhaps the two professions that have drawn most largely upon the institution have been those of teaching and the law. We recall a single class, that of 1828, one-fourth of whose members have to foreign courts ; ; States, 1 ; ; ' been either college presidents or professors. Dr. Chapman states, that were residing in Boston, Mass., no less than seven sons of the college, " who were justly regarded as ranking among the brightest luminaries of the law. They were Samuel Sumner Wilde, at one time there 1789; Daniel Webster, 1801; Richard Fletcher, 1806; Joseph Bell, 1807; Joel Parker, 1811 Rufus Choate, 1819; and Charles Bishop Goodrich, ; 1822. Dartmouth has aimed, in all her history, at that true conservatism which blends felicitously the old and the new. She believes in the anFor the last seven years, has been expended on the scientific appointments of the institution than on the classical and other improvements are contemplated in the same direction. Though she adheres to the old college, as has been said, yet around that she has already grouped though with no ambitious fancy for the name of a university a number of collateral or post-graduate institutions offering diversified opportunities of general and special culture. The various departments, as they now exist, are cient classics, but she favors science also, much more ; — as follows 1. The — : old Academic Department, with its 1 four years curriculum, in- cluding the privilege of a partial course, and a number of particular options. 2. The Chandler Scientific Department, with a regular course, chro- nologically parallel to that of the Academic, and having with the option of a partial course through all the years, several elective lines of study Latin and Greek are omitted, French and German included, and scientific branches are made most prominent. 3. The' Agricultural Department, so called, or the New-Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. This is based on the Congressional land-grant. It has a regular three years course, with an in the last year. 1 option, after the first year, between an agricultural and mechanical line See in the next ai'ticle, a more particular account of it. 4. The Engineering Department, or the Thayer School of Civil Engineering. This is substantially, though not foraially, a post-graduate or professional department, with a two years course. The requisites for admission are in some important branches, even more than a college curriculum commonly embraces and it is designed to carry the study of civil engineering to the highest point. 5. The Medical Department, or the old New-Hampshire Medical College. This was established in 1797, has had a long and prosperous career, and ranks now with the best medical institutions in the country. of study. 1 ; �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 516 There is connected with it, in addition to the lectures, a good course of private medical instruction. 6. Moor's Charity- School. This has now no distinct organic existence; but there is a small fund which is appropriated, under the direction of the President of Dartmouth College, to the education of Indian youths, in any department for which they are prepared. During the late war, the college, in common with most others in our country, was somewhat depressed but it has since been resuming, and The last catalogue embraces a faceven surpassing, its former status. ulty of instruction, thirty-six in number, and, in all the different courses ; of study, four hundred and twenty-one students. As an indication of the national relations of the college, it may be remarked that these students come from twenty-five different States and Territories, at home and abroad; and that, of the ungraduates, more than one-fifth are from AVhile the insitution is still in need of adplaces out of New England. ditional funds for various purposes, it lias been prospered financially. "Within the past ten years, not less than five hundred thousand dollars Three new buildings have been secured for the different departments. have been erected, making the whole number ten, and two of the old ones have been enlarged and renovated and funds have been obtained, ; in part, for a new Library Building. LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. There may be some schools which we have failed to notice, but have endeavored to give all a notice according to information received. We gladly would have given a more extended account of these important institutions of our State if we could have obtained the facts relative We requested the immediate managers of their respective to them. schools to be kind enough to forward us the facts, also stating why we In many instances our request has been attended with desired them. success, and the gentlemen receive our sincere thanks for their courtesy, and we trust that the benefit derived therefrom, will be mutual both to In other cases, our solicitations have not their school and the State. been responded to, and if people in some towns see that their Academies have not received that notice which they merit, they can attribute it to the faculty who refused or neglected to give us the necessary informa- tion. Adams Female Academy is located at East Derry, and was incorporated in 1823, being the oldest female academy in New-Hampshire. Besides convenient school buildings, it has a fund of % 3,200, donated by Jacob Adams of Derry. There is a boarding house connected with the institution to accommodate young ladies from abroad. It has always maintained a popular reputation as an institution worthy the patronage of young ladies who wish to acquire a first class education. It is situated in one of the most beautiful New-England villages, peculiarly free from injurious influences, and embracing scenery �517 LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. which, for simple beauty, is not often surpassed. The place is easily on the line of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad. This institution is under the immediate charge of Miss Emma L. Taylor, who has attained a high character among the most distinguished schools in the country, for thorough, systematic, and refined education. There are three terms, of thirteen weeks each, every year, with an accessible, being average attendance of fifty females. Antrim High School—James E. Vose, Principal. Atkinson Academy is pleasantly located in the town of Atkinson, about three miles from the city of Haverhill, Mass., and two from the Boston and Maine Railroad. This institution is one of the oldest in the State, being founded in The building is located on elevated 1790. It has a fund of $ 6,000. It has a library, philosophical and ground, and contains six rooms. chemical apparatus, cabinet &c. all in a fine condition. It has been successful and maintained a high reputation as being a first class literary H. B. WesIts pi esent number of scholars is about sixty. institution. ton, A. M., Principal. Rev. Jesse Page, President of the Trustees. - Austin Academy is situated at Strafford Centre. G. C. McClellan, Principal. Normal Institute. This institution It was incorporat- ed in 1834. Beede Sandwich Centre, and was established in 1839, is pleasantly located at by Daniel G. Beede, to supply the pressing want, at that date, of more well qualified teachers. This school has never been endowed, and now is under the management of Mr. Beede, as principal. The school buildings were built entirely by himself, and the institution has been sustained through his unaided effort. The expense of the recitation-hall and boarding house was about eight thousand The number of have filled dollars. who have received instruction here, is nearly teachers, while others hono able positions of trust, with credit to themselves, and four thousand pupils —many of them making popular But few men in New-Hampshire have, by their individual efforts in the past thirty years, imparted more useful knowledge, to the young men and women of this State than Mr. Beed«. to their instructor. own He now fills the responsible office of Superintendent of Public Instruc- New-Hampshire. Bristol High School, Bristol. Miss Alice French, Principal. Charlestown High School. Mrs. Alice Pitts, Principal. Chester Academy Chester. Miss E. S. Gale, Principal. Christian Institute This school, at present located at Wolfeborough, was incorporated and established at Andover, where, in February, 1857, it was opened for the instruction of students. In 1866, the Institute was transfered to its present location, having been discontinued one year at the time of its removal. tion in — The — school year consists of thirty-eight weeks, divided into three During its fourteen school years, the institute has had an average annual attendance of 200 students. It has four established courses of Business course of three years; 'Academic, four; College study, viz. terms. �518 LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. t Preparatory, three and Young Ladies Graduating of four years. Students completng either course, and passing satisfactory examination, receive diplomas. ; This is New-England maintained and conducted by the only school in the Christian Connection. It rejects all sectarianism and bigotry, and well disposed youth. The teachers and officers constantly aim to promote thorough and accurate scholarship, refinement of manners, a high moral sense and a pure religious life. The institute possesses a fair Philosophical and Chemical Apparatus, cordially opens its doors to all and has an endowment fund of $ made 10,000. The officers have recently provision to reconstruct the school, another year, upon an en- larged and broader basis, and permanently establish it. Principals. John W. Simonds, 1857; Kev. S. W. Whitney, 1859; Rev. John W. Haley. A. B., 1860; Rev. Thomas Bartlett, 1861; Edwin Moulton, A. M., 1866; John II. Lary, A, M. 1868; George A. Chase, A. B., I860; John W. Simonds, A. M., 1870-74. Officers. Rev. II. M. Eaton, Westerly, R. I.. President; Rev. S. A. Hutchinson, Kittery, Me., Secretary; N. A. Moulton, Esq., Newburyport, Treasurer. Trustees Rev. J. A. Perry, Providence, R. I., W. II. Cate, Esq., Manchester, Rev. L>. A. Wiggin, Tuftonboro, Rev. C. P. Smith, West Randolph, Vt.. Mr. I. K. Gage, Esq., Fisherville; Rev. J. W. Tilton, Hanover; Rev. O. J. Wait, Franklin; Mr. P. C. Shaw, Hill John W. Simonds, Franklin. Clinton Grove Seminary is located in Weare, about three miles from North Weare Railway Station. This school is founded on strict moral principles, and the pupil knows in the commencement what is before him as to his conduct out of school. In the prospectus it expressly says, no fire-arms nor tobacco is allowed to be used on any consideration that they must come prepared with thick shoes and rubbers, for daily exercise in the open air, which must be attended to, as well as books in the school-room. There is a large and commodious Boarding House, connected with the school, which is under the immediate care of the Principal. Charles A. Jones, Principal. Concord High School, Concord. J. D. Bartley, Principal. — ; ; ; ; Conway Academy, Conway. W. W. Bates, Principal. Contoocook Academy, at Contoocookville, Hopkinton. Rev. Charles Hardon, Principal. Conant High School. This school is situated at Jaffrey, on the Monadnock Railroad. It has a fund of 8 7,000, through the bequest of the late Hon. John Conant, a resident of the town. The town has' built a school house at an expense of $12,000. The school is well managed, and is at present under the instruction of Elial S. Ball, Principal. Dartmouth Home School, for Young Ladies, ver, and has been is situated in Hano- in successful operation for eight years, or since 1865. This school has all the advantages for furnishing young ladies with an education, in classical as well as in all branches of English literature. �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 519 ' The school year includes thirty-nine weeks, and is divided into three terms of equal length. Miss L. J. Sherman is Principal, with three as- sistant teachers. Dearborn Academy, is located in Seabrook, and was founded in 1854, through an endowment of $ 15,000, by the late Dr. Edward Dearborn, an eminent physician, and distinguished citizen of Seabrook. It is pleasantly situated on elevated ground, and commands a tine view of the Ocean. J. O. Emerson, Principal. Deeking Academy, is located at Deerin'g Centre. Dover High School, Dover. H. P. Warrenj Principal. Dunuarton High School, Dunbarton. John B. Mills, Principal. Exeter High School, Exeter. Eben S. Stearns, Principal. Farmington High School, Farmington. E. J. Goodwin, Principal. Fkancestown Academy is located in the pleasant village of Fran- cestown. The High School in town was established in a public school-house and was attended by Levi Woodbury, Moses Wilson, Mary Woodbury and others, who became prominent men and women, in their day. The high schools met with varied success, until June24, 1819, when first in 1800, the present academy was incorporated. Among the eighty-four schol- who attended the first term after its incorporation, was Franklin Pierce, who completed here his education, prior to entering college at ars, Bowdoin. Mr. S. Ingersoll Bard was the first Principal, but the next year, (1821) Mr. Isaac O. Barnes was employed. Mr. Barnes married the daughter of Hon. Peter Woodbury, practiced law, and in time, moved to Boston, where he received appointments as Naval Officer, U. S. Marshal, and Pension Agent, which latter office he held at the time of his death, some ten years ago. He was the most eccentric man in Boston, and his reputation was wide-spread by the many good stories told about him, of which he was either the author, or hero of the exploit. Francestown Academy is a popular Institution, and receives its full share of public patronage. J. E. Vose, A. M., Principal. Franklin Academy, Franklin. Charles A. Jewell, Principal. Fkeedom High School, Freedom. John Villiken, Principal. Fran klin Academy, Dover, incorporated in 1805. John Scales, Principal. Gilmanton Academy is pleasantly situated in Gilmanton, and is one of the oldest literary institutions in the State, being incorporated in 1794. It has always maintained a popular reputation, and has, at the present time, its share of the public patronage. Its buildings are large and convenient. li. There is a library of 500 volumes connected with it. E. Avery, Principal. Hampton Academy, Hampton, incorporated in 1810. Miss Lucy E. Henniker Academy, Miss S. C. Eastman. Keene Academy, Keene. Mrs. T. H. Leverett, Principal. Keene High School, Keene. S. II. Brackett, Principal. Kingston Academy, Kingston Plains. John W. Sanborn, Principal. Dow, Principal. �520 .LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. Kimball Union Academy of the is pleasantly situated on commanding in the beautiful village of Meriden, within the present limits ground town of Plainfield. It was incorporated in 1813, and organized in 1815. receives scholars whose parents are of other incorporated in its charter that the trustees and instructors of the Union Academy, shall be professors of the Christian religion, and each shall be a regular member of some Congregational or It is sectarian, religious belief. but still It is Presbyterian Church. This school has always held a high position among its contemporaries. It has given instruction to over 7,000 pupils, and has aided over three hundred young men for the ministry, at an expense of over $25,000. At the commencement of the Institution, the Hon. Daniel Kimball donated $ 6,000 as a permanent fund, which was afterwards increased to $ 30,000, and the whole fund is now over $ 50,000. Efforts are now being made to secure an additional endowment of $ 100,000. which will establish it on a solid basis. In 1824, the building, together with a valuable library, was burned. The second building, now the wing of the new edifice, was completed in 1825. The main building was finished in the autumn of 1839. The natural decay of the buildings, and the imperative demands of the times, require larger accommodations, which no doubt will be furnished, within a few years. In these days of progress, in every department of education, this Institution must not only hold its own, but it should keep pace with the general advance in the educational world. Rev. Charles A. Downs, Lebanon, President of Trustees. Rev. L. A. Austin, Principal. Lancaster Academy. Lancaster. Landaff High School, Landaff. H. H. Clark. Principal. Littleton Graded School, Littleton. F. D. Hutching, Principal. Manchester High School, Manchester. W. W. Colburn, Principal. Marlborough High School, Marlborough. Charles E. Houghton, Principal. Marlow Academy nearly forty years. ly as to teachers, McCollom located in Marlow, and has been organized has met with varied success, depending large- is It &c. Institute > is located in Mount Vernon, and was a popular Institution, and well conducted. a library of 600 volumes connected with the school. George rated in 1850. It is incorpo- There is W. Todd, Principal. Milford High School, See Milford. George French, Principal. Nashua High School, Nashua. T. W. H. Hussey, Principal. Nashua Literahy Institution is located in the city of Nashua, and was commenced in April, 1835, under the name of the " Nashua High G. S. Brown, and David Crosby, Instructors. In 1840, it was incorporated under its present name, and has been under the immediate management of Mr. Crosby ever since. The building is two stories, the upper being used as school room, with School." �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 90 seatings, while in the lower story 521 a recitation room, and apparatus is room. This Institution is liberally patronized, ty to seventy scholars. At and each term has from thir- the September term, 1873, there were forty- nine scholars. NEW-HAMPSHIRE CONFERENCE SEMINARY AND FEMALE COLLEGE. This Institution is located at Tilton. N. H., on the Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad, eighteen miles north of Concord, near the outlet of Winnipiseogee Lake. The site is elevated, and commands a view of natural scenery that, in extent, variety and beauty, is seldom equalled; and in healthfulness it cannot be surpassed. On the third day of July, 1845, the first meeting of the Trustees of the " New-Hampshire Conference Seminary" was held at the Brick Church, in the town of Northfield. The preliminary meeting, which ordered this, had been held at Winchester, June second. On the 9th of November, 1852, initiatory steps were taken to enlarge the charter of the Seminary so as to comprehend, also, a Female College. This arrangement was consummated December 29, 1852. On the 7th day of November, 1862, the stately edifice of the Institution was consumed by fire. Immediately, however, the trustees planned the erection, of an edifice and a new site was procured on the Sanbornton side of the river now Tilton. Three commodious buildings were erected on the new campus, and by an act of the Legislature, approved June 24, 1863, the change and removal were legalized. By the efforts of friends, — the resources and conveniences have gradually enlarged to date. Gradual prosperity has attended the Institution from its opening day until now. and grounds are worth thousand dollars. It has an last year its students numbered 256. In the current years of its existence, it has had 8,600 students. The library has 1,183 volumes; the cabinet is It has graduated 225. quite large, especially that of Mineralogy. There are four flourishing Literary Societies. It combines Seminary and College. It has three regular courses a Classical and a Belles Lettres for ladies, and a College Preparatory for gentlemen. It has also six special courses, viz. Music, Book-keeping, Penmanship, Painting and Drawing, Normal Department, Theological Department. Its students from abroad generally Its buildings endowment forty of about twelve thousand. ; The �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 522 board in the Halls of the Institution. The present Board of Instruction are Rev. John B. Robinson, A. M., President; Sylvester Dixon, A.M., R. E. Avery, A. M., Charles M. Glines, Julia E. Bullard, Preceptress; Mary E. Harriman, A. M. Lizzie A. Herrick, M. L. A. New-Hampshire Commercial College. This Institution is located in the city of Manchester, and is a branch of a chain of colleges established in all the large cities in the United States, under the name of ; , Bryant and Stratton Business College. It is designed to educate and prepare young men and women for all clerical branches of business, such as writing, book-keeping, telegraphing &c. The number of scholars who have attended this college, the last year, is over three hundred, coming from all sections of the State. The length of term, thirteen weeks tuition for gentlemen, $25 a term; — ladies, $20. college is now under the immediate charge of Prof. G. A. Gaswith competent assistants. New-Hampton Institution is located in the town of New-Hampton, and through the many changes it has undergone from its foundation, it has sustained the reputation of being one of the best Institutions in the The kell, State. The New-Hampton Academy was first opened in September, 1821. Its John K. Simpson, a native of New-Hampton, but principal patron, Avas merchant at that time a in Boston. into the control of the State Br.ptist Convenand became known as the " New-Hampton Academical and Theological Institution," and was the first Baptist Seminary ever established in New-England. It remained under the care of the Baptists until the fall of 1852, when on account of financial difficulties, they deserted the ground. January, 1853, it was established under a new charter, and styled "The New-Hampton Literary and Biblical Institution," and re-opened Col. R. G. under the direction of the Freewill Baptist Denomination. Lewis, of New-Hampton, was the principal leader in this movement, and In 1825, the school fell tion, donated $ 15,600. The average annual attendance, for the past fifty years, has been over three hundred. There are six school buildings, valued at $30,000; three literary societies, each having a library and reading room, besides the general school library, amounting, in the aggregate, to 3,000 volumes. There is a classical department, for both sexes, also an English department. This Institution claims that its department of natural sci ence is superior to all institutions in the State, except the Scientific School at Hanover. Their Commercial course is pronounced the best in the State. The invested fund of the school is $ 15,000. In 1870, the Theological Department, long connected with the school, was removed to Lewiston, Muine Rev. A. B. Meservey, A. M. Ph. D., Principal. There are eight assistant teachers. New-Ipswich Appleton Academy Ipswich. It was incorporated iu 1789, is town of Newyears maintained located in the and for many �MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE, MANCHESTER. LOCATION OF GASKELL'S BRYANT & STRATTON BUSINESS COLLEGE. ��LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 523 the position as being one of the best Academies in the State. It still has many friends, and is well sustained. There is a library of 500 volumes connected with the academy. John Herbert, Principal. New-London Literary and Scientific Institution—The location of this Institution is delightful, healthful, and retired, amidst the hills and hikes of New-Hampshire. It was founded at New-London in 1853. In 1873, a new academy building and boarding house were completed, with all the modern improvements for school purposes, at an expense of nearly $ 100,000, and, in it now has one of the tinest sets of school buildings New-England. It has a Board of twenty-four Trustees, and a nent teachers. Provision is made faculty of eight perma- in the Institution for three distinct — the Scientific, College Preparatory, and Ladies' most liberal endowment was from Mrs. James B. Colgate of New-York, a native of New-London. There are two scholarships viz. Smith's scholarship of $> 1,150, and Simond's scholarship of $ 1,000. The income of these is annually applied to aid young men who need and deserve assistance. The average attendance of students, for courses of study, viz. Collegiate. Its — the past twenty years, The Presidents 1853; Rev. G. B. is 132; number of alumni, 281. of the school have been, Rev. G. Gow, A. M., 1861; Rev. A. W. W. Gardner, D. D., Sawyer, D. D., 1864; H. M. Willard, A. M., 1870, and L. E. Warren, A. M., 1872. Present Officers Rev. E. E. Cummings. 1). D., President; Rev. II. G. Safford, A. M. .Secretary; N. T. Greenwood, Esq., Treasurer. Newport High SchooI, Newport. George R. Brown, Principal. Northwood Academy is situated at Northwood Centre, near the shore of Harvey Lake. But few towns in the State offer better inducements, for literary institutions, than this town. The scenery in and around Northwood is unsurpassed for beauty, in southern New-Hampshire, ami everything that surrounds the youth tends to a healthy and moral influence, combined with a thorough and practical system of in- — struction. It was incorporated in 1866, and since that time has been under the immediate management of Rev. E. C. Cogswell as Principal. The school has a library of 500 volumes. Northwood Seminary is located in Northwood, on Clark's Hill, about two miles south-east from Northwood Centre, and commands the most extensive and finest scenery in that section of the State. From this point, at a glance, can be seen, nearly the whole basin of Rockingham County, the ocean and its numerous islands near the coast. It was incorporated in 1867, and gives the scholar a privilege of acquiring a thorough academical education. It has a library of 750 volumes. William H. Cotton Principal. Orford Academy is located in Orford village, on the Connecticut, and is well sustained. It was incorporated in 1853, and, has a library of 800 volumes. N. E. Stark, Principal. Pennacook Academy—This popular Institution is situated in the �524 LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. healthy and flourishing village of Fisherville, on the Northern Railroad, six miles north of the city of Concord. The buildings are of brick, and contain as elegant a suite of school- rooms and boarding apartments as may be found in any New-England academy, with ample grounds, beautifully ornamented and in the quiet part of the village, remote from the business streets. This academy lias been established at a large expense, and is supplied with the most approved fixtures common to a first class literary institution. E. C. Allen, Principal. N. Butler, Henry H. mittee. Brown and Rev. W. R. Jewett, Executive Peterborough High School, Peterborough. Com- Tliomas P. Maryatt, Principal. Pinkerton Academy is located in Derry. Incorporated in 1814. George T. Tuttle, Principal. Phillips Exeter Academt is located in the ancient and beautiful town of Exeter, and is one of the oldest and most popular, endowed, classical schools in New-England. The founder of this Institution, Dr. John Phillips, who was a native of Andover, Massachusetts, but for many years a resident of Exeter, is believed, by many, to have been the most liberal benefactor, in proportion to his earthly means, among our countrymen of the last century. In 1778, he founded Phillips Academy, at Andover, Mass., giving $ 31.000. about one third of this sum being bestowed at its commencement, and the other two thirds- inl790. He also endowed a professorship of theology in Dartmouth College, serving as one of its trustees for twenty years, and made liberal gifts to Princeton College, New-Jersey. The foundation and endowments of Phillips Exeter Academy, Dr. Phillips regarded as his own individual effort in which he required no coadjutor, and sought no pecuniary aid. From the Legislature, he obtained a charter, dated April 3, 1781. It is the oldest institution of learn- by State law, in New-Hampshire, Dartmouth College being chartered by royal grant, in 1769. The constitution and laws governing this school were drafted by his own hand, and the foresight in its draft manifests a profound and practical wisdom which fully equals his generosity. His ideas were libel al and catholic, and the sentiments embodied in this constitution, are worthy to be handed down to this generation, and to generations for ages to come. "Above all," he says, "it is expected that the attention of instructors to the disposition of the minds and morals of the youth under their charge will exceed every other care well considering that though goodness without knowledge is weak and feeble, yet knowledge without goodness is dangerous, and that both united form the noblest character, and lay the. surest foundation of usefulness to mankind. " And " it is again declared, that the first and principal design of this Institution is the promoting of virtue and true piety, useful knowledge being ing, established ; — subservient thereto." The school was opened for instruction, May 1st 1783, and from that date up to the present time its popularity as a first �525 LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. been maintained against the tide of changes which has swept over our country in every decade, not even excepting literary institutions. The same rules are now enforced, as to what is required of students, as were in the student days of Lewis Cass, Daniel Webster, and many others over three quarters of a century ago. Wealth and aristocracy have never found a foot-hold in this Institution, whereby poverty should be trampled, neither are the faculty allowed to cater to it, on any consideration, and without any regard to either, scholarship and deportment take the prize. The motto before the student is " Whatever you can rationally desire others should do to you, this class institution for learning, has — them in the kindest manner." portion of the academy funds, from the first, has been set apart for the special aid of a certain number oi youths of merit who lack the means of support, that number now being about twenty. They receive nearly Some of the enough to pay for their b. ard while attending school. brightest literary stars in the country have received this beneficiary that do for A and among the many who could be mentioned are the Honorable George Bancroft and Jared Sparks. It can be said that honest poverty, yearning for knowledge, can truly find a friend in this Institution. Mr. Phillip's endowments were made at several dates, and together with his last bequest, at the time of his death, April 21, 1795, amounted to at least $> 65,000. The present fund of the academy is about $ 125,000. Abbott Hall was erected about twenty years ago, at an expense of $20, 000, and is used for a study, and as a students' joint stock boarding house. In the early part of 1873, the Swamscot Hotel was purchased, and has been arranged for the same purpose. December 18, 1870, the old acadeaid, my building tique in its was burnt to the ground. It was a wooden structure, an- architecture, but having a venerable appearance. brick building has been erected upon its ashes, which modious and convenient. It was dedicated June 19, 1872. is A new more com- Special Endowments. There are two endowments worthy of mention, coming as they did from men who had been befriended by this academy in their youthful days, to complete their education. The first is called the " Bancroft Scholarship." The income of this scholarship, founded by Hon. George Bancroft, present minister to Berlin, amounts to $ 140, and is given to a meritorious scholar, selected by the Trustees. Sibley Book Fund. This fund is about $ 15,000, the income of which — appropriated for the purchase of text books for indigent students. The whole mimber of students who have entered this Institution up to the present rime is over 4,000 the present number is about 200. Instructors. Albert C. Perkins, A. M., Principal; George A. Went- is ; — worth, A. M., Professor of Mathematics; Bradbury L. Cilley, A. M., Professor of Ancient Languages; R. F. Penned, A. B., Instructor in Latin; Professsor Gideon L. Soule, LL. D., was principal of this Institution from 1838 to 1873, and instructor from 1822, to 1838. He retired in a service of fifty-one years. Portsmouth High School. This school was formerly in two departments, the boys occupying one department and the girls the other. June, 1873, after — �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 520 now in one department. Robinson' Female Seminary The Robinson Female Seminary, in Exeter, was founded by the wise liberality of William Robinson, Esq., a native and early resident of that town, who passed his latter years in the State of Georgia. By his last will, after providing amply for his widow and near relatives, and endowing a school in the town where he resided, he bequeathed the residue of his large estate to the town of his nativity, to establish a female seminary, in which he directed that " the course of instruction should be such as would tend to make female scholars equal to all the practical duties of life such a course of education as will enable them to compete, and successfully, too, with their brothers throughout the world, when they take their part in the actual duties of life." He further provided, that in admitting applicants to the seminary, " all other things being equal, the preference should always be given to the poor and the orphan." The town of Exeter accepted the bequest, and adopted a code of regulations for the management of the contemplated institution, which was sanctioned by a legislative enactment. The sum of more than a quarter of a million of dollars, principal and income, was realized from the bequest, and a female seminary was at once organized on a scale commensurate with the design of the founder and the magnitude of his gift. In 1867, the institution was opened for the reception of pupils, and in 1869 it was fully organized and established in the new and elegant buildThis has been changed, and both sexes are — ; ing erected for — it. The seminary receives, free of charge, female pupils belonging to the town of Exeter, who must be at least nine years of age and qualified for Grammar all other pupils a moderate omitted in all suitable cases, upon proper application. The entire course of study is comprised in three departments the Preparatory, Academic, and Collegiate which are designed to embrace a thorough course of instruction, up to the most admission to the sum for tuition is required, schools; though from this is — — advanced studies. The number of students has averaged from 225 to 275, of whom much number belong in Exeter. The immediate government of the Robinson Female Seminary is vested in Eben S. Stearns, M. A., the greater Principal, with ten assistants who are all ladies. — The Board of Trustees are as follows Charles H. Bell, President Abnei Merrill, Joshua Gitchell, Noah Hooper, William P. Moulton, John ; E. Gardner, Samuel' W. Leavitt. Rochester High School, Rochester. Rollinsford High School, Rollinsfoi'd. Milton C. Hyde, Princi- pal. Simoxds Free High School, See Warner. So.mersworth High School, Somersworth. W. H. Farrer, Princi- pal. Stevens High School, Claremont. This popular Institution was founded through the liberal endowments of Paran Stevens, Esq., of NewYork, a former resident of this town. These endowments amounted to �LITERATI Y INSTITUTIONS. 527 68,000, S 15,000 of which was appropriated to assist the town in erecting suitable buildings, and$ 50,000 as a permanent fund to support the school. By the will of the late Mrs. E. B. Alden, $3,000 was also en- $ dowed for the benefit of the school. The school, though established and endowed, nificence, is entirely public in its character. largely, Any by private mu- child living in the town, who is twelve years of age and can pass the required examination, can be admitted to all its privileges. The committee having the school in charge is elected annually in open town meeting as other town officers are, any one member or all the members being subject to change with the will of the voters. The building, located upon a principal street, on an ample lot enclosed by an iron fence, is of brick, two stories high, placed over a fine cemented basement which contains the furnace, and surmounted by a slated mansard roof, in which is an ample hall the whole size of the building, used for the assembly of the school for devotion, musical exercises, lecturing, examinations &c. The central stories are divided into four large schoolrooms capable of accommodating two hundred scholars, while the average attendance, since the first year, has not exceeded half that number. The expense of this fine building was over S 27,000. It was finished and opened for the first school, in September, 1868. Arthur J. Swain, is the present Principal. Mr. Stevens died in May, 1872. He has placed a monument in Claremont, of which the name written on its tablet will ever be cherished by the generations to come a monument more honorable to his memory and more lasting than one of marble, towering high to meet the starry heavens, far above the shaft of Bunker Hill. St. Paul's School is in the city of Concord, about two miles west of the State House, and was first opened on Thursday, April 3, 1856, for the admission of pupils. The act of incorporation by the Legislature is dated June 29, 1855. The first meeting of the Board of Trustees was held September 5, 1855. The design with which it was founded is sufficiently expressed in these words, from the deed of gift: "The founder is de; endowing a school of the highest class, for boys, in which they education which shall fit them either for College or busi- sirous of may obtain an ness; including thorough intellectual training in the various branche3 of learning; gymnastic and manly exercises adapted to preserve health and strengthen the physical condition such aesthetic culture and accomplishments as shall tend to refine the manners and elevate the taste, together with careful moral and religious instruction." The full course of instruction is designed to cover seven years, and to prepare for admission to the Freshman or Sophomore class in our best ; Colleges. The religious instruction is in accordance with the Liturgy and other Formularies of the Protestant Episcopal church, There are about 160 students and twelve instructors. The Rev. Henry A. Coit, D. D., is the Rector. The Right Rev. Bishop iules is the President of the Corporation. �LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 528 TILDEN SEMINARY. West Lebanon. Tilden Female Seminary was erected in 1854, as recorded on the over the front door. Among the early contributors to this noble enterprise were William Tilden, Esq., and Richard B. Kimball, Esq., of New- York; Prof. Charles B. Haddock, Mr. Allen II. Weld, and Mr. Joseph Wood. Mr. Tilden was the largest contributor, and hence the seminary took his marble block in the wall name. During the first ten years, three principals Prof. A. H. Weld, James Means, and V. H. Dean in this order, had charge of the school. Vary- — — ing fortune attended their efforts. In the spring of 1865, Mr. Hiram Orcutt, the present Principal, leased the property and re-opened the sc hool, having in charge, also, for the three following years, Glenwood Ladies Seminary, at Brattleboro, Vt. In the fall of 1868, Mr. William Tilden, the original founder, decided to enlarge the building, by erecting two spacious wings, which were completed the following spring, at an expense of over $ 20,000. In June of 1869, a new charter was secured from the legislature, and a new Board of Trustees appointed. The hall, building, as completed, contains a spacious rooms gymnasium, dining- for the family of the principal, studio, a reading, historical, and library room, and some fifty pleasant rooms for boarders. The out-fit has cost some $ 50,000. The school has been in successful operation during these years, and at present (1873) has pupils from seventeen different States of our Union. — Expenses For board and tuition in the English course, for the Academic year, $ 225 for board and regular instruction in all departments of the school, for three successive sessions, $ 300. Troy High School, Troy.— Mrs. Louisa B. Wright, Principal. Tubbs Union Academy is pleasantly located in the town of Washington. It is a popular Institution in the vicinity of its location, and is well sustained, under the supervison of its present teachers Misses Beede and Sanborn. It has a fund which relieves part of the expenses ; — of managing the school. Walpole High School, Walpole. Curtis R. Crowe!!, Principal. �529 PUBLIC STATE INSTITUTIONS. PUBLIC STATE INSTITUTIONS. NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. This popular Institution is located in the city of Concord, about one half mile south-west from the State House. It is situated on Pleasant Street, on elevated ground, overlooking the southern portion of the City and an extensive range of country towards the south and south-east. This From Asylum was created by an act of the Legislature, in 1838. was expended in the organization, and erecting necessary buildings, which consisted of a center structure, forty-six by fifty-one feet, four stories high, two wings extending in opposite directions, each being thirty-six by ninety this date, to 1842, the time location, feet, and three stories high. The center was devoted to business purposes, while the wings afforded accommodations patients of each sex. It was opened for forty-five for the reception of patients, October 28, 1842. In 1845, it was found necessary to erect a separate building, to accommodate the more disturbed class of the insane, remote from the quiet portion in the main buildings. In 1849-50, another wing was added, which gives accommodations for fifty more patients. In 1854-5, a fourth extension was made, on the same side, thirty-four by sixty feet, and three stories high. This last building was also used for the accommodation of the disturbed class, to the number of twenty-one. In 1856, another wing was erected, on the opposite side, thirty-six by one hundred and forty-six feet, and three stories high, adding room for about sixty women. In 1856-7, another extension was made, on the same side, giving additional room for thirty patients. In 1868-69 was added a building in the rear of the original center for a bakery, kitchen, ordinary, dining rooms and chapel in the second story. As now constructed, the Asylum will give accommodations for two hundred and sixty patients, and the buildings, together with the land for the location, has cost the State one hundred and ninetyfour thousand dollars ($ 194,000). State to provide buildings at It has been the policy of the the public expense, and require a charge for board sufficient to cover the necessary running expenses of the institution, and the Trustees have always sought to fix the rate as low as consistent with the maintenance of a first class hospital. The Asylum is under the management of twelve Trustees, ap- �NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. 530 pointed and commissioned by the Governor and Council, for a term of four years, three retiring from the board, and three appointed These Trustees receive no compensation for their expenses alone being allowed. every year. ser- vices, actual traveling The Governor and of the House are, Council, President of the Senate, and Speaker ex-officio, constituted a visiting committee, with power to examine into the condition and affairs of the Institution, and see that its benevolent designs are being fully carried out. "With these wise precautions, it does seem that the New-Hampshire Asylum for the Insane should be far above suspicion of any irregufull larities, which are now resting upon similar States and while ; ments, lum it economy is institutions, in practiced in all of its other arrange- has always been the policy of the Managers of this Asy- make to strict it respects a curative Institution. in all Thirty-four hundred (3400) persons have received its care and treatment from the beginning; and of this number over fourteen hundred (1400) have been restored to their mental health. By Statute, the appropriated to sum assist of six thousand dollars ($ 6,000) is annually the indigent insane in the payment of their support at the Asylum, to be appropriated by the Governor sum being over one third of this In addition the ; not credited to their support by towns. to this State aid, the indigent insane receive, annually, sum of eight thousand dollars ($ 8,000), derived from the inter- by various benevolent persons These two charities so greatly lighten the burden est of legacies left benefit of the for their benefit. as to bring the Hospital within the reach of those of very small means. The permanent funds of Adams the Institution are derived as follows; Conant fund, 16,000 Chandler fund, $25, Kimball fund, 000; Fisk fund, 811,699; Kent fund, $ 150,000 $6,753; Rumford fund, $15,000 Sherman fund, $5,000; making a total of $ 221,552. It is expected that this amount will be increased $ 20,000 by a legacy from Miss Arabella Rice, of Portsfund, $ 1,200 ; ; ; ; mouth. The number of patients in this Institution in June, 1873, men and 137 women 23 men and 10 women have died within the year number recovered in the same time, 61. total was 276 — 139 ; ; Although the Asylum, for the past thirty years, still its has been con- and convenience, architectural beauty has always been kept in view, and as stantly undergoing exterior changes, both in size �OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTION. now arranged, 531 the buildings present a fine and imposing appear- ance, excelled by few like institutions in this country. There is connected with this Institution, one of the best farms in the State. The farm, together with the Asylum grounds, an area of one hundred and twenty-five acres. ture, There is contains also a pas- about one mile south-west from the home farm, which con- tains fifty-four acres. In 1871, Legislature appropriated the $ 7,000 to remove the old, and erect a new farm barn. The buildings, as repaired and improved, cost $ 10,940, and consisted of a farm barn, horse barn, carriage house, barn sheds, carpenter and machine shop, &c. The barn is 110 feet A driveway goes through the long, 45 feet wide feet post. pass through without difficulty. In aud 22 teams can appointments it is a center, so that all its There are twenty-six cows, eight horses, twenty-eight fatting hogs and some thirty others of different ages. Some of the model barn. most important products, one year with another, are 80 tons of hay, 400 bushels of corn (in the ear), 300 bushels of oats, 300 bushels of potatoes, 9,500 gallons of milk, 30 pigs sold, 15 calves sold, 9,000 pounds of pork, 400 heads of cabbage, 92 bushels of tomatoes, 80 bushels of onions, 500 bushels of apples, &c. Everything around the farm and farm buildings indicates that it is under the manage- ment of husbandmen who understand their business, and the examshown here is worthy to be imitated by hundreds of farmers in this State who idle away one half of their time, complaining of ple the hard lot of a farmer's life. OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTION. Board of Visitors. (Ex-officio.) His Excellency Ezekiel A. Dow, Hon. John J. Morrill, Hon. William P. Newell, Hon. Dexter Richards, Hon. Joseph Powers, Hon Charles H. Campbell, President of the Senate, Hon Asa Fowler Speaker of the House of Representatives. Board of Trustees. Hon. Isaac Spaulding, Nashua, Presi dent, Joseph B. Walker, Esq., Concord, Secretary, Hon. Charles A Tufts, Dover, George B. Twitchell, M. D., Keene, Hon. John Sanborn, Wakefield, Hon. E. A. Hibbard, Laconia, William G Perry, M. D., Exeter, Hon. Denison R. Burnhara, Plymouth Waterman Smith, Esq., Manchester, Hon. Dexter Richards, New port, George W. Haven, Esq., Portsmouth, Henry Colony, Esq., Straw, Hon. Samuel P. W Keene. Resident Officers. J. P. Bancroft, M. D., Sup't, Treasurer �NEW-HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE. 532 and Physician; J. P. Brown, M. D., Assistant Physician; J. C. Cockbum, M. D., Second Assistant and Apothecary; Mr. W. T. Mc Lam, Steward; ^NJiss H. W. Moore, Matron. XEW-HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND THE MECHANIC ARTS. This college is a State Institution, established expressly for the promotion of the industrial interests of New-Hampshire. In July, 1862, Congress passed an act to establish colleges of agriculture and the mechanic and made a any such institution arts in the several States, liberal grant of public land for the support of which might be established. In June, 1866, the legislature of this State accepted the provisions of the congressional act, and established the College of Agriculture, to be located at cial Hanover, and to be connected, by a spe- arrangement, with Dartmouth College. The college is under the direction of nine trustees, of whom five by the governor with advice of the council, and four by the trustees of Dartmouth College. The fund of the college derived from the sale of 150,000 acres of land, amounts to S 80,000 and is securely invested in six per cent. New-Ham;>shire bonds. Under the law passed by Congress, no part of this fund could be expended in the erection of any buildings. About this time the late David Culver bequeathed to Dartmouth College fifteen thousand dollars for the promotion of agricultural science. This bequest the trustees of Dartmouth College offered to contribute, with an additional sum of ten thousand dollars, of their own funds, bequeathed to them by Mrs. David Culver, together with a fine lot are appointed for the erection of a suitable building, provided the State of Hampshire would increase the fund generous offer the legislature to forty thousand dollars. of 1869, accepted, and NewThis the college building called "Culver Hall" was erected. It is pronounced by competent judges one of the finest educational structures in NewEngland. It is a plain, imposing brick structure of four stories, having a length of one hundred and a breadth of sixty feet, cover- ed with a lofty Mansard roof. The basement is to be reserved for an extensive collection of agricultural implements and models of machinery. The other stories afford rooms for lecture, recitation, library, museum, weighing room, and laboratory, furnished with �NEW-HAMPSHIRE ORPHANS' HOME. modern appliances all the 533 for the practical study of chemistry, &c. is a farm of nearly 400 acres, 162 and presented to the institution by the late Hon. John Conant, of Jaffrey. This farm will afford the student an opportunity of seeing the practical application of the theoretical knowledge which he is acquiring in the college. There are two terms in the year, covering the time from the 1st In connection with the college acres of which was purchased of September, to the 19th of April, excepting a vacation of four weeks The tuition is $ 15 per in mid-winter. It has a course term. of study covering a period of three years, in which science and application to agriculture and other manual industries are its made especially prominent. Twelve free scholarships, one for each senatorial district, estab- lished in connection with the congressional grant, are designed to young men of limited means in educating themselves for the During the past year a scholarship has life. been established by the Hon. John Conant for each town of Chesaid practical avocations of Young men hire County. make desiring a State scholarship, should application to the senators of their respective districts ; those desiring one of the town scholarships, should apply to the selectmen of the town in which they reside. There are other scholarships available to worthy applicants from any part of the State. NEW-HAMPSHIRE ORPHANS' HOME. The New-Hampshire Orphans' Home and School of a benevolent institution, chartered by the State, but upon the voluntary contributions of the people essary to meet the expenses of and belongs equally to all its Methodists, Universalists, Christians, Freewill Baptist, sented, upon its Board of Trustees is for the funds nec- establishment and maintenance denominations who aid Congregationalist, tributions. Industry relies entirely it by Baptist, their con- Unitarians, and Friends are repre- as visitors. It receives as its beneficiaries all promising children of want, without regard to social status, complexion or nationality. It is for orphans and those that are worse than orphans, render- ed so by the dissolute character and poverty of their parents. The is to extend the hand of sympathy to upon the rough sea of life, who have been deprived of good homes either by misfortune or neglect, and instead of leaving object of the institute those waifs �NEW-HAMPSHIRE ORPHANS* HOME. 534 them to graduate in crime, draw them to comfort and safety, and send them on their way to true success, to a rational happiness and a useful life. While the children remain at the institution, they are he well cared to for, morally, intellectually and physically, a school beiug in session, through the year, for their special benefit, also on Sunday Divine Service, and a Sunday school. When plac- ed in families, the parties that receive them are bound to exercise — over them a kind and' paternal care 1st by furnishing them with proper food and clothing, in sickness and in health, 2d. by securing them the advantages of a good common school education, and at times using their influence, both by precept and example, to train them to habits of industry, economy, self-reliance, temperance and morality, that they may be fitted, in due time, to take their The boys as well as the places as honorable members of society. girls are to receive, when eighteen years of age, their time, an extra suit of clothing and such compensation in money as they may to all reasonably deserve. The Location. location of the Home is England, rich in historical associations one of the — where finest in New- was brought to maturity one of the greatest intellects America, or even the world, has ever produced. The "Webster Farm," upon which this insti- two and a half miles below 4he flourishing village of Franklin, and about sixteen miles above the city of Concord, on the right bank of the Merrimack, on the line of the Northern Railway, and presents a home view of as fine country scenery as tution is located, can be found " is in the central portion of this State. Webster Farm," Webster and his Relative to the mother the poet has well said. "What hallowed memories arise Within our hearts and dim our eyes. We think of him without a peer, Who spent his happy boyhood here, And with his brother brave and true, Ate honest bread and earned it too. We call to mind that mother dear, Whose precious dust lies buried near Her record is preserved on high, In characters that cannot die." New-Hampshire has the honor of establishing the first Orphans' Home, outside of city limits, in New-England. The first voluntary State Convention ever held in the United States, for this purpose, was held in Eagle Hall in the city of Concord, February 21, A. D. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE ORPHANS' HOME. 1871, and resulted in the inauguration of the 535 New-Hampshire Or- phans' Home. It was dedicated with appropriate and impressive ceremonies, October 19, 1871, and on the third day of November following, the first beneficiary was received. Since that date, sev- enty-one children of want have come under the sheltering care of this institution, representing land, Scotland, seven nationalities, viz. France, Ire- Ten Germany, Africa, America and England. are orphan children of soldiers. The financial condition During the first year of of the its Home to November 1st A. D. 1873. existence, the institution fed, clothed, furnished medical attendance and instruction to fifty-six orphan and homeless children paid for fitting up the Home, and furnishing the farm with tools and stock, and laid aside a fund of $ 5,000, and had twenty-six hundred dollars in the treasury at the close of ; the year. During the second year of 1, its active existence, which ended A. D., 1873, It kept its permanent fund good, using nothing but its Nov. interest, raised a building fund of over ten thousand dollars, paid out over $ 700. for personal property for the institution, increased the num- ber of children to 71, met all of the current expenses, which were increased by sickness, and exchequer. belonging to still finds itself —with an unexhausted And we take pleasure in adding that the Real Estate the Home and free from debt has increased in value thousand dollars. There has been paid to the Treasurer at Concord, N. H., $ 31,061.37 To the Hon George W. Nesmith in Franklin, N. H., 5,000.00 Donations in bedding, clothing, furniture &c., 1,500.00 In the Treasury and on subscription 2,500.00 ten $40,061.37 Assets of the Institution. The Webster Home, ManFarm House, out-buildings, and 180 acres of land, with the new building, partly completed $ 25,000.00 Furniture of the Home, stock, farming tools and produce. 5,500.00 Estate, including the ancestral sion House, . Permanent fund invested . for the Institution 5,000.00 $ 35,500.00 The following are the individuals and churches, who have gener- ously donated 8 500 and over, for the establishment and mainten- ance of this benevolent institution Space will not permit us to �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 536 who have bestowed their and who doubtless are quite as deserving of reward give the names of hundreds of others, lesser gifts, as those who are blessed with larger worldly means. The Hon. George W. Nesmith, of Franklin Mrs. Betsey Whitehouse, Pembroke Levi Lyman, Esq., Walpole $ 1,000.00 1,100.00 1,000.00 Nathaniel White, Esq., and Family, of Concord H. II. Ladd, Esq., and Mother, of Portsmouth 1,000.00 680.00 Hon. Frank Jones, of Portsmouth 600.00 Nashua Hon. Dexter Richards, Newport John C. Morrison, of Fisherville Churches. Franklin St. Congregational Church Sunday School ManJ. G. Graves, M. D., chester 500.00 500.00 500.00 1,1 South Congregational Church, Sunday School and Orphan Helpers, Concord Hanover St. Congregational Church and Sunday School, Manchester First Congregational Church, Portsmouth, nearly First Congregational Church, Sunday School, Nashua, over Olive St. Congregational Church Sunday School, Nashua. 10.00 1,000.00 700.00 700.00 600,00 nearly Mrs. Frances M. Farley, Bradford, N. Unitarian Society and Sabbath School, Keene Congregational Church and Society of Amherst, over Churches and citizens of Peterborough, over Churches and citizens of Rochester, over 500.00 Churches and citizens of Littleton, nearly Churches and citizens of the city of Dover Churches and citizens of Lebanon Churches and citizens of Franklin Middle St. Baptist Church, Portsmouth 500.00 H 500.00 519.00 500.00 500.00 600.00 500.00 1,000.00 3,000.00 550.00 Officers of the Home. Nesmith, Franklin, President; Hon, O. W. Fowler, Hon. John Kimball, Concord, Treasurer; Rev. D. A. Mack, Franklin, Superintendent; Mrs. A. R. Mack, Matron; Miss Jennie Mack, Teacher. Hon. George W. Bristol, "Vice President; NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. This Institution is situated in Concord, and located on State Street about one third of a mile north of the State House. The dark, heavy, stone walls, together with the antique architecture of this building, do not present a very imposing appearance from �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 537 » the Street, and, in imagination, remind one of an old French Basor an ancient Englishman's castle, built more as a defence to guard against attacks from without, than for any beauty or taste, which in these days are frequently combined with strength. The central part and south wing of the prison were built in 1812, at which time the Institution went into operation, having one prisIn 1833, the oner, the number in 1813 being increased to twelve. with the improvements of the north wing was added, to correspond tile, In age. this building is a hall with 120 cells for the convicts. It and warmed by steam, but all men of humane judgment who have visited this prison hall, acknowledge that the cells are one third too small for human beings to sleep in, and enjoy good health, without great inconvenience to the overseers, and by lighted is gas, The individual continuous watchful care as to sanitary regulations. convenience of convicts should never be consulted only as to their physical health, but no law, formed either by legislative act or long continued practice, has any moral right to punishment on inflict any person, however great his crime, that will impair his health, The especially when a fair day's work is demanded at his hands. whole number of convicts in the prison, April 30, 1873, was 88 white males 78 black males 6, and 4 females. 16 were under 20 20 between years of age when committed 40 between 20 and 30 and 50, and only 7 over 50 years. Of 30 and 40 5 between 40 28 convicts claimed this number, 23 were married and 65 single. to be temperate men in their habits before their commitment, while 60 acknowledged themselves to have been intemperate, and were under the influence of wine when they committed the deeds for which they are now paying the penalty. 77 can read and write 7 can only read, and 4 can neither read nor write. 6 were committed for murder, 3 for murder in the second degree, and one for man; ; ; The slaughter. rest were convicted of various crimes, but the larger portion for stealing in different forms, but in such small sums, as not to be in keeping with the moral sentiments of the day in relation to stealing. Rockingham County 8 ; Strafford, 11 borough, 29 The ; ; furnishes of the present Belknap, 2 Cheshire, 8 ; Carroll, 3 Sullivan, 1 ; ; Within number of convicts, Merrimack, 14 is ; Hills- and Coos, 5. inclosed on three Grafton, 7 prison yard including about two acres, ; this inclosure, is one of the brick work shops in the State, and no doubt is the saving sides by a heavy granite wall. finest ; �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 538 grace for the dilapidated prison buildings at the present time. The manufacturing of bedsteads is the only mechanical employment of the convicts, is doubtful turn who are let under contract to George T. Comius. if there is It an equal number of men in the State, who more work than the convicts in this bedstead shop. 10,000 lumber of various kinds are daily cut up for bedsteads. oft" feet of The discipline is very strict but not cruel. A vigilant eye is kept on the convicts every moment, and they are soon fully convinced that no chance will be offered them to make their escape. Consequently they are more contented and cheerful than a lax Their food is wholesome and ample. cipline cau make them. dis- No brown bread can be made than the bread furnished for these convicts. Their cots and cells are kept clean, well The State went to aired, and are as large as the State furnishes. expense of sending Mr. Allen Folger to the International Prison the Congress, held in London in July 1872, as commissioner from NewHampshire, and in his report made to Governor Straw, he says the cells in the English prisons, compared to New-Hampshire State's better wheat and Prison cells are very large, being seven feet wide by eight feet long, and eight This feet high. is quite a contrast to cells less than four It is to be hoped that feet wide, seven long and seven feet high. the expense of sending Mr. Folger to London, will not be wholly lost to the best iuterest of the State. A six inch main water pipe has been laid the entire length of yard, with two hydrants set at convenient distances, and having two hundred this feet of hose to guard against fire. management of the Warden, J. C. Prison has become a paying institution, instead of a Under the present pense to the State. Pillsbury, bill of ex- In the three years that Mr. Pillsbury has had charge of the Prison, it has earned over and above all expenses, in- cluding repairs &c, $20,035.11. This amount has been passed to the credit of the Prison account with the State, and eventually will be used to make extensive repairs of the old buildings or erect new ones. There is a library of fifteen hundred volumes connected with the Prison, for the use of the convicts. Within a few all years, a law has been established which orders that persons convicted of murder and sentenced to be executed, shall less than one year prior to the which shall take place within the walls of be confined in the State Prison not day of their execution, �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 539 the prison, the sheriff of the county in which the deed was commit. ted acting as executioner. Since this law, one person has been executed, and another under sentence The first to is be hung the third Tuesday of February, 1874. victim of his crime was Josiah L. Pike, thirty-one years was of age, a native of Portsmouth, but at the time of the deed, making his home in Newburyport, Massachusetts. Mr. Thomas Brown and wife were an aged couple, residing in Hampton Falls, and living on a small farm with other sufficient means for their maintenance. Josiah L. Pike was a young man, of loose habits, and frequently assisted Mr. Brown on his farm, always receiving fair many compensation for his services; besides he was times the object of charity from the motherly hands of Mrs. Brown. when he In the was paid the full amount for his labor and also received, as a gift from Mrs. Brown, a pair of new woolen feetiugs. Through the following winter he led a dissolute life, frequently being under the influence of liquor. This conduct naturally brought him into straitened circumstances, by spring, and very much in want of money. Through some source he learned that Mr. Brown had sold a yoke fall of 1867, he assisted Mr. Brown, and left of oxen and had received his pay for them in money. night of May 7, On the Brown many times 1867, he went secretly to the house of Mr. and inhumanly murdered him and his wife, who had so befriended him in time of need. For this dark and bloody deed, Pike was arrested, and in clue time, convicted of the murder. He paid the penalty of his crime by being hung in the south-west corner of the prison hall, November 9, 1869, Joseph P. Morse, of Portsmouth, acting as his executioner. Franklin B. Evans is a native of Strafford, and at the date of the crime for which he stands convicted, and sentenced, was living in Northwood, and sixty one years of age. Georgianna Lovering, a and only fourteen years of niece of Evans, grandparents, in North wood near the Strafford Evans for many years had age, lived with her line. lived a wandering life, sometimes traveling through the country as a physician, pretending to wonderful cures while at other times he would be dressed ; effect in a sanctimonious garb and assume the profession and duties of an itinerant preacher, but through all his various professions there never was a more evil designing and hypocritical heart, than beat He had long watched Georin the breast of Franklin B. Evans. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 540 gianna with evil intent, and deeply laid his plans whereby he could God know ruin her, and no one but himself and his Near the it. abode of Georgianna was the edge of a deep forest, and the largest tract of wood-land in Rockingham County, covering an area of nearly 2000 acres. In these woods Evans had placed some snares with the pretension of catching partridges, but doubtless, for no other purpose than to lure his victim into his lecherous grasp. After these plans had been consummated, he commenced his sophistry with Georgianna by telling her simple stories about snar- ing these beautiful birds, which naturally attracted her childish and one morning she accompanied him to the traps, but In this visit, Evans had finished his second act in this great tragedy. He had shown the innocent girl where these snares were concealed, so that she could go alone into the forest and find them. A few mornings after this advencuriosity, no birds had been secured. ture, October 25, 1872, he requested her to accommodate him by visiting the snares, that morning, alone, as he was obliged another way and be absent nearly the whole day. to go She hesitated comply with about going, but at length, reluctantly, consented to his request, and he started* apparently, on his way to fulfil his day's engagement, but, doubtless, went directly and concealed him- woods to watch the movements of his intended victim. She put on her shawl and hat, kissed her grandmother good bye, and started out of doors to go to the forest as she had promised her uncle, which was the- last time that Georgianna Lovering was ever seen alive by any human being, save Evans. Her prolonged absence from the house caused her grandfather to go to the forest and call for her but no response came. He returned to the house, and he and the mother of the child went again to the woods for a more thorough search, and, in a short time, self near the ; found the girl's apron, and, still farther in the deep forest, brush fence, they found her comb ; but the whereabouts of the child were at once alarmed, all lost. The neighborhood was and a general search was made that day and night and through the next day, but all their efforts Suspicion, at once, strongly pointed to thing about. the loss of Georgianna, as had not been, that day, where he in near a other traces relative to were of no Evans it as avail. knowing some- was ascertained that he was going,- but told the girl he an opposite direction, and, further, could give no account of He was arrested and tried himself for several hours of that day. �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE PRISON. 541 before a justice court, and the evidence being so strong against him, he was bound over to the higher court to be holden at Exeter. Evans, seeing his critical situation, made a partial confession, but He acknowledged his statements, in detail, were base falsehoods. he knew where she was, but said she had been carried away by a man living in Kingston or vicinity. statements to be knew all false, about the whereabouts of the resort to stratagem to induce accordingly made Evans harmless he would With The if this assurance, Sheriff soon found these but he was more fully convinced that Evans tell to him to girl, make a and he determined true confession. to He understand that he would save him the truth where the girl could be found. on Thursday, about midnight, six days after her disappearance, he told the Sheriff he would go with him and show where the girl was. Through this dark forest, at midnight, they silently pursued their way, over rocks and decayed logs, through swamps and glades, and there, in the recess of this deep wood, beneath the roots of an upturned tree, this worse than criminal pointed to a pile of dried leaves, and coolly said " there she is ". The Sheriff gently moved away the leaves and by the dim light of his lantern were revealed the mutilated remains of Georgianna Lovering, who came to her end by deeds too revolting in character to be recorded and too inhuman to be committed by any person born and brought up beneath the shades of the granite hills of New-Hampshire. For this foul and bloody deed, worse than murder, Evans has been convicted and sentenced to be hung, within the walls of the State's Prison, the third Tuesday in February, 1874. If Evans lives, there is no doubt but the sentence will be executed. �542 STATISTICAL TABLE. TABLE Showing the deceased, Number and of Convicts in the P/'ison, committed, discharged, pardoned, escaped, in each year, since the establishment of the Institution, 1812. _• �NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 543 The foregoing table reveals some curious facts for moralists to who are continually advocating that the world is growing more wicked instead of better. At the commencement of the war in 1861, there were 119 convicts within the walls of the prison, and 42 commitments, the largIn 1865, at the close of est number in one year up to that date. the war, there were but 70 in prison and only nine commitments for the year. The next year (1866) the number of convicts had increased to 111, and the commitments were 60, being 14 more than ever were committed to prison in a single year. The largest number ever in the prison at a single time was 135, in 1868 and the same year 46 were committed. Since the latter date the number has been gradually diminishing, and in 1873 there were but ponder, ; 88, with our cities constantly increasing in population. One of two things is evident either our laws are executed with ; and the county work-houses absorb the small criminals or the mass of the people are growing better as the world grows less rigor ; wiser. NEW-HAMPSHIRE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. Board of Instruction. —Horatio 0. Abbie H. Holton, Preceptress: Ladd, A. M., Principal; Wal- Carrie E. Hall, William E. ker, Assistants. Board of Trustees. ram — George Orcutt, A. M., Secretary, Day, President, Dover HiHon. Ezekiel A. David G. Beede, Superintendent, T. West Lebanon Straw, Governor, Manchester Sandwich, with thirteen others. ; ; ; M. AVhittier, Treasurer, Plymouth. Terms begin February 25, and September 11, 1874. Expenses. Board, $3 to $4 per week. Tuition, $8 C. — to $10 per term. . Number of Graduates — Fall 1871, 9 ; Fall Term, 1872, 28 ; Term, 1871, 6 ; Spring Term, Spring Term, 1873, 32; Fall Term, 1873, 26. Establishment and Purposes of the School. tion was established by act of the Legislature, to obtain a better training of teachers for the in —This Institu- June, A. D., 1870, common schools of was located at Plymouth, and its first term of eight weeks was held there during the spring of 1871, under the management of Amos Hadley, A. M. the State ; �STATE REFORM SCHOOL. 514 Before the Fall term H. 1871, Silas Pearl, A. M., was elected Principal, remaining in charge until his decease in August, 1873, when the Trustees employed the present Principal. Terms op Admission, and Course of Study. — Candidates — must pass examination in the fundamental rules in arithmetic the natural and political divisions of the earth, and the general geography of this State, in geography; and the first principles of grammar and analysis. There are two courses of study the first including the common — English branches ; Graduates of the the second, the higher. first course are entitled to teach in this State, without further requisi- and for the second course, tions, for three years, Location and Buildings. — Plymouth is five years. near the geographical center of the State, at the confluence of Baker's River and the Pemigewasset, on the line of the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad, about fifty miles fro > Concord. The buildings are mod- ern in style and convenience, the school buildings having cost nearly 6 20,000, and the boarding house being situated just above on one of the most beautiful sites in the village — overlooking it, the and with a fine view of the mountain region at charming summer resort stands. See engrav- valleys of both rivers whose gateway this ing of building on page 306. STATE REFORM SCHOOL. — Hon. David Pres., Portsmouth Hon. William P. Wheeler, Keene, Hon. Daniel Clark, Sec, Manchester, D. C. Churchill, Esq., Lyme, Hon. L. P. Cooper, Croydon, Edward Ingham, Sup't. and Treasurer. The New-Hampshire State Reform School was chartered in 1855, and one hundred acres of the Gen. John Stark farm, lying on the east bank of the Merrimack River, in the city of Manchester, one and one-half miles from the City Hall, was, the same year, purTrustees. Gillis, Daniel Marcv, ; Esq., Nashua, chased for ten acres its more cost of one location, at a cost land, from the often thousand dollars — to which same farm, have been added, at a thousand dollars. Buildings, suited to the design of the Institution, were immediately erected, at a cost of three thousand dollars, and, in 1858, it was opened for the reception of " Juvenile and Female Offenders against the laws," under the title which was subsequently changed of "The House to its present of Reformation name. ", �STATE REFORM SCHOOL. 545 To this date, Oct. 14, 1873, 742 children, including both sexes, have been committed to its care, all of whom have been more or less benefitted by being subjected to its restraints and discipline, and a large proportion have come to be of average character with other citizens of the State. The Institution than penal, and is is regarded and managed as reformatory rather supported by an annual appropriation of six thousand dollars from the State, which, with the amount collected for the maintenance of the inmates two dollars per week togeth- — er with their earnings, amply — meet the ordinary expenses. It has a fund of ten thousand dollars bequeathed to it before it had a being even by a former citizen of Manchester, the late James Mc'K. Wilkins, Esq., and also, of three thousand dollars, donated by Moody Kent, Esq., late of Pittsfield, both of which are kept intact in principal. The whole number in the school, during the year 1872, has been is sufficient to — — 139 number of these, 17 have been discharged 10 have been honorably discharged by the Trustees, for good conduct 5 have had homes found them by the ; received, 47 at expiration of sentence ; ; ; the Superintendent, and 1 has been sent to his alternate sentence. Five have escaped, leaving 101 in the school. Average time of detention of the children discharged, 2 years and 6 months. Of the whole number 47 are Americans; 77 Irish 9 French German 1 English 4 Mixed (African); and were committed ; I ; ; ; by Supreme Judicial Court, 31 Manchester Police Court, 41 Dover Police Court, 7 Concord Police Court, 7 Nashua Police ; ; ; Court, 6; Portsmouth Police Court, 6 1 Farmington ; Police Court, 1 ; Somersworth Police Court, Great Falls Police Court, 1 ; ; Justices of the Peace, 38. For the term of minority, 45 14 ; 4 years, 8 ; 3 years, 21 ; payment of fine and costs. For the offence of stealing, 61 ing, 27 10 ; ; night walking, 1 truancy, 11 At ; ; forgery, 12 years, 14 ; ; 1 ; 6 years, 3 ; 4 ; ; 5 years, and year, 25, firing buildings, stubbornness, 24 ; 1 till house break- idleness or vagrancy, 1. the age of 7 years, 3 II years, 12 7 years. 4 ; 2 years, 18 ; ; 8 years, 5 ; 13 years, 14 26; 16 years, 22; 17 years, 1. There is a chair shop attached 9 years, 11 ; ; 10 years, 12 14 years, 19 to the school in dren have earned, the past year, $6,222.26. ; ; 15 years, which the chil- �546 RELIGION. RELIGION. The constitution of New-Hampshire guarantees ual the right to worship God according to every individ- to the dictates of his own conscience, provided he does not disturb the 'public peace, nor dis- In July 1819, the memorawas passed by the legislature of New-Hampshire, which provides that no person shall be compelled to join, or support, or be classed with, or associated to any church or religious society, without his express consent first had been obtained, and that any person may withdraw from a society of which he is a member, by leaving a written notice with the clerk of the same. turb others in their religious worship. ble act called the toleration law, The following notes comprise accounts of all the principal de- nominations found within the limits of our State. ORTHODOX. — GWgregationalists. * The organization of the first CongreNew-Hampshire was in 1638, 18 years subse- gational Church in to the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers, at Plymouth. It an unsettled question whether the first church was that at Exeter, of which the celebrated John Wheelwright was pastor, or that at Hampton of which the Rev. Stephen Bachilor was pastor. Both doubtless were formed in 1638 the latter in the fall of that quent is — year. Settlements had previously been begun mouth. fit Dover and Ports- In the former place, a meeting-house was erected as early and William Leverich, " a worthy and able puritan minwas engaged as a preacher. To him succeeded one Burditt, and then Hanserd Knollys, or Knowles. But a church was not formed in Dover till 1639, and no pastor was regularly settled till 1642. However it may be a question whether Wheelwright, of Exeter, or Bachilor of Hampton was first in the order of New-Hampshire pastors, it should be acknowledged that the oldest church now in existence in the State, is that of Hampton, the first Exeter church being dispersed on the removal of Wheelwright, about four as 1633, ister," years afterwards, to Wells, in Maine. The only towns in the prov- ince in which ministers had been settled, previous to 1670, a half century from the landing of Pilgrims, were Hampton, Exeter, and Dover. Of the seven that had been pastors in those towns, only two were then in office, viz., Cotton, of Hampton. * From historical discourse Samuel Dudley, of Exeter, and Seaborn In 1671, a church was organized, and Rev. by Rev. Nathaniel Boutou, D. D. �547 RELIGION". Joshua Moody settled the same day, the first minister of Portsmouth, though he had preached there since 1658, and occasional preaching had been enjoyed since 1G40. The fifth church organized was at Dunstable, under the jurisdic- now the tion of Massachusetts, coast, as New and Rye, had made first church in Nashua, and a minis- Subsequently other towns bordering on the sea ter settled in 1685. Newington, Stratham, Durham, Kingston Thence, very gradually, settlements were Castle, ministers. and ministers Londonderry, (1719) Pembroke, Hudson and Keene. In the latter place, Rev. Jacob Bacon was settled in 1738, a century after the settlements at Exeter and Hampton. He was in the interior, Concord, (1730) Chester, settled in Winchester, the fifty-fifth, pastor in order, settled in the State. But at the forma- tion of the convention in 1747, there were only about thirty ministers living. The progress of settlements continued slow, extend- ing into the interior, averaging till after the revolutionary only about four annually in the growth was more rapid. The number of whole State ; war but subsequently the pastors living at different periods in the history of the denomination is as follows: In 1670,2; 1700,5; 1747,3); 1776,65; 1800,76; 1820, 90; 1847, 117. In 1870, there were in the State 169 churches, and 169 church capable of seating 67,951 persons, and valued at $ 1,150, In 1860, there were 179 churches, capable of seating 70,45 1 edifices, 380. persons, and valued at 6 637, 200. This shows a loss in ten years of ten churches, and an increase in valuation of church property of over $ 500,000. Baptists first —The first Baptist church in this State — indeed, the north of Boston, was organized in Newton, Rockingham Coun- ty, in 1755. The members were separatists for " conscience's sake" from the Congregational church and were the fruit of the " great awakening" under Whitefield and others in 1740. Walter Powers became pastor at its organization. The first Baptist communicant known in the State was Rachel Thurbur of Rehoboth, Massachusetts, who became Mrs. Scammon, and moved to Stratham, 1720. It was the result of her labors that Dr. Samuel Sheperd became connected with the denomination in 1770, under whose indefatigable labors the Brentwood church and its branches were organized, in connection with which he lived to introduce more than six hundred members. �RELIGION. 548 before any Baptist church existed in this Hanserd Knoll ys came to Dover and afterwards became an eminent Baptist. Mr. Knollys was a graduate at Cambridge College, England, and ordained by the Bishop of Peterborough in Becoming afterwards a Puritan minister, he came to this 1629. He organized the first Congregacountry, and to Dover in 1638. More than a century State, tional church in Dover, being the second in the State. In 1641, he returned to England and organized a Baptist church in London, where he remained The number 9 ; 1800, 26 ; his death in 1691. till of Baptist churches in this State in 1755, 1 1853, 96 1860, 92 ; ; and in 1870, 102. ; 1780, Church or- ganizations, ninety church edifices, capable of seating 31,935 persons, with church property valued at $ 492,200 ; in 1860, its proper- ty was only valued at $ 246,500. — Christians. Number of churches in 1850, 25; in 1860, there were thirty-three churches and church edifices, capable of seating in 1870 8,934 persons, with church property valued at $ 43,150 ; there were nineteen churches and church edifices, capable of seat- ing 4,600, with church property valued at $ 42,400. Episcopalians. — This denomination was among the earliest es- A church was erected at Portsmouth prior to 1638, and Rev. Richard Gibson was the first minister, who remained until 1642. In 1860, there were seventeen church edifices, capable of holding 820, with church property valued at $112,700 in 1870 there were twenty-one churches and twenty-two church edifices, capable of seattablished in the State. ; ing 7,475, with church property valued at $ 203,800. Freew ill t Baptists. —The firs: church of this denomination in New-Hampshire, was founded at New Durham, in 1780, by Elder Benjamin Randall. This denomination was recognized as a distinct sect by an act of the legislature, December 7, 1804. In 1860, there were ninety-seven church edifices, capable of seating 27,324 persons and church property, valued at $ 162,600 in 187Q, there were eighty-two churches and church edifices capable ; ; of seating 19,900 persons, with church property, valued at $ 167,300. — Friends or Quakers. The Friends made their appearance in New-Hampshire at a very early date, and at first suffered severe persecution. A society was formed at Seabrook as early as 1701. was 15 in I860, there were twelve of seating 4,200 persons, with church propcapable Number of churches, church edifices, in 1850, ; �RELIGION. 549 were thirteen church edi- erty, valued at $ 11,700; fices, capable of seating 4,585 persons, with church property valued in 1870, there at 815,500. — Methodists. In July 1791, Jesse Lee preached the first methsermon in New-Hampshire, at Portsmouth. On the 26th of August, of the same year, he preached in a private house in Greenland. odist Two weeks after this time, he again preached in Portsmouth, stand- ing upon the Court House He steps. also visited, the same year, Eindge, Marlborough, Chesterfield, Dublin and some other towns. In 1794, Joshua Hall was appointed to preach in New-Hampshire, but the following year the appointment was withheld. On the first of January, 1795, Mr. Lee again visited Portsmouth, and preached to an audience of four persons. The first Methodist society in New-Hampshire was organized at Chesterfield, in the latter part of 1795. this At the Conference of 1796 members and became 'a regular first stationed preacher, and reports reported sixty-eight Philip Wager was the circuit. his cir- more than fifty miles square. The New-Hampshire Conference was organized and held its first session at Barre, Vermont, June 23, 1830. The Vermont Conference was separated from the New-Hampshire Conference in 1845. The New-Hampshire Conference is divided into three districts, viz Dover, Concord and Claremont districts. O. H. Jasper Presiding Elder of Dover district; residence at Dover; S. G. Kellogg, Presiding Elder Concord district; residence at Tilton; M. T. Cilly, Presiding Elder, Claremont district. The New-Hampshire Conference Seminary, Tilton. (See Literary cuit : Institutions.) The number of members reported in the State, in 1798, was '122. The Methodist were recognized by law as a distinct religious sect June 15, 1807. In 1850, there were 103 church edifices, capable of seating 32,600 persons, with church property valued at $175,500. In 1860 there were 117 church edifices, capable of seating 36,050 persons, with church property valued at $232,200, and in 1870 there were 118 churches, and church edifices capable of seating 36,351 persons with church property valued at $475,000. Presbyterian. — In 1850, the Presbyterian Regular church had thirteen church edifices eapable of seating 6,500 church property valued at $ 71,000 ; in 1860, there persons, with were sixteen " �550 RELIGION. church edifices, capable of seating 6,980 persons, with church property, valued at $ 83,462; in 1870, there were seven churches, capable of seating 3,470 persons, with church property, valued at $ 65,000. Roman Catholic. This religious denomination has made rapid progress in this State in the past twenty years, both in lowers, number of churches and two church edifices, ; 1860, there were in capable of seating 7,600 persons, with valued at $ 97,450 ; fol- were capable of seating 1,450 persons, with church property valued at $ 20,000 edifices, In 1850, there wealth. in 1870, there twelve church church property were sixteen church edifices, capable of seating 9,950 persons, with church property valued at 8 267,500. Shakers. —New-Hampshire contains two societies of those inter- esting people, called Shakers or United Believers; one Enfield, on the shores of Masooma Lake, is located in the other in Canterbury, on a considerable elevation affording an extensive view of the sur- rounding country. These two societies contain about two hundred members each. The founders of the Shaker sect in America, were Ann Lee, William Lee, and James Whittaker, who, with six others, emigrated from England and landed in New- York, August 6, 1774. In 1782, the leaders sent out two missionaries, viz. Ebenezer Cooley and Israel Chauncy, who visited Hartland, Vermont, where resided one Zadock Wright, a member of their church. He with Cooley and Chauncy then journeyed to Enfield, and called upon one James Jewett, arriving September 1, 1782. The first Shaker meeting ever held in New-Hampshire was holdon at the house of Asa Pattee, about the above date. at Canterbury the same Fall. This Shaker doctrine was preached Although this society with others iu the vicinity embraced their faith in the year 1782-'3, they did not form a compact body or church until the year 1792, about ten years after they first embraced the faith. In the beginning of the year 1792, the members of the society adopted the order of a joint union, and an equal interest in all they possessed, being governed by no other spirit or influence than that which governed the primitive Christians at the day of Pentecost. Their church government in may be called Episcopal, being vested Bishops and Elders, after the form of the primitive church. The central or leading authority in this country devolves upon a �RELIGION. 551 succession of ministry or order of bishops residing alternately at New-Lebanon and Watervliet, in the State of New-York. The New-Hampshire are under the Episcopal jurisdiction societies in of a succession of ministry alternately resdiug at Canterbury and Enfield. We quote a few extracts of their religious faith. First that the composed of two great and fundamental essences, viz. power and wisdom, or male and female principles. For proof of Deity is they quote Rom. I. 20. " That Christ has made not only his this, ing. That these are both ual manifestations ; the to first through Ann Through Lee. but his second appearspirit- and through the mission of seen in the same manifesta- as seen in Jesus of Nazareth, and the second as tions first, be considered as emphatically these two manifestations, they recognize a spiritual parentage, or the father and mother of the new creation. " That the object of these two appearings of Christ, first in the male, and secondly in the female was to make an end of sin, and bring in everlasting righteousness to make an end of the world, or order of the flesh perfected in the first Adam and Eve, that all who would, might come into the order or dispensation of the new — ; creation, through regeneration, or the spiritual parentage of the Adam and Eve. Through this agency tbey believe a new heaven and a new earth are being instituted, as seen in their order. Hence celibacy is rigidly and tenaciously observed, in every second instance. "That the resurrection concerns the soul or spiritual body only, and can have nothing to do with the natural. In short the above leading points of doctrine would seem to indicate a foundation, with no borrowed material, since Christ, or the declension of the primitive church. As in respect to their peculiar style of dress, they were not dis- tinguished from other people in the early days of their organization, nor would they be to-day only as they have retained the old style of dress in puritan days, w hich everybody else has changed. r They have been noted punctuality in all their for many years for their honesty, and business transactions, and by means of their industry and frugal habits, they have accumulated a respectable property, besides bestowing While we are not a much for charitable purposes. full believer in the Shaker faith, nor in their �552 RELIGION. peculiar style of living, in every respect, every day life still which would be well worthy in every phase of business Second Advents. to there much is in their be imitated by people life. —This peculiar sect of people believe that the Bible fully states the time by mathematical demonstrations, the consummation and destruction of all things on earth, and produce plenty of figures and facts which they obtain from the Bible to prove their statements, and which no person can deny, but still final very few believe. Up to the present time their calculations as to destructions of the earth have not proved correct, but faith is quite as strong, their zeal has not cooled, believe that the day of their deliverance In 1850, their were four church is edifices, edifices, edifices, still capable of seating 1100 in 1860, there capable of seating 2,265 persons, with church property valued at $ 7,600, and church their near at hand. persons with church property valued at $3,000; were ten church still and they in 1870, there were twenty capable of seating 4,400 persons, with church prop- erty valued at $ 25,000. — Unitarian. This and are Christianity, religious sect are liberal in their belief of steadily increasing. In 1850, there were thirteen church edifices, capable of seating 8,380 persons, with church property, valued at $72,800; in 1860, there were fifteen church edifices, capable of seating 7,260 per- church property valued at 1 125,800 and in 1870, there were twenty-two church edifices, eapable of seating 7,830 persons, with church property valued at $ 207,000. sons, with ; — Universalists. The first society of this denomination was formed at Portsmouth as early as 1781, and they were recognized by law as a distinct religious sect June 13, 1805. In 1850, there were thirty-eight church edifices, capable of seat- ing 14,280 persons, with church property valued at $83,100; in 1860, there were forty-two church edifices capable of seating 14,938 persons, with church property, valued at $112,550; and in 1870, there were twenty-three church edifices, capable of seating 8,800 persons, with church property valued at $ 154,200. Union Church. —There were sixteen Union churches in 1870 in various sections of the State, and are formed in communities where there are not enough persons to form a church of their own relig- ious faith but join with others for the purpose of sustaining the gospel. �553 RELIGION. There is also one local Mission school and one (Swedenborgian) church located in the State. New Jerusalem, TABULAR STATEMENT, Showing total number of Religious Denominations in New -Hampshire. COUNTIES. �REVIEW OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 554 GENERAL VIEW OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTER A brief review of the State, river scenery, geology and rivers ; ita climate, its VII. grand mountain, ocean, lake and and mineralogy, a description a brief account of the aboriginals of Hampshire compared with the Western States ; A of its mountains, lakes NewNew-Hampshire Poem on New-Hampshire, ; etc. REVIEW OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. The last period in the history of New-Hampshire, it might be said, commenced at or near 1840, or thirty-three years ago. December 23, 1838, the first regular train of cars that ever ran into New-Hampshire, for public business, came from Boston through Lowell to Nashua, and, from that date commenced anew history in the business and prosperity of the State oldest States in the in every section, have been nearly as The States. which By v. six Although it is one of the and population great as in any of her sister Union, the changes miles of railroad to as operated till in business Nashua was the only line after 1840. the foregoing statement, in connection with other important facts, it might be well enough to take a retrospective view, in brief, of the standing of the State relative to its industries, and every- thing pertaining to a civilized and prosperous people in 1810, and 1850, compared with the present time. In 1840, New-Hampshire contained a population of 284,574 in Portsmouth, in 1840, was the largest town in the ; 1870, 318,320. State, Dover was the next in size, 6,558; then followed Nashua Somersworth, 3,383 and the town of Manchester, 3,335 inhabitants, and employing in her trade and manufactories 1,052 persons. Manchester is now a large city of with 6,054; Concord, 4,897; ; 30,000 people, and employs in her various industries over 12,000 �REVIEW OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 555 persons, with five lines of railway diverging from her depot to all sections of the State and country. In 1840, there were but six miles of finished railroad in the State. There are now over 890 miles of railway track stretching through two thirds of the towns in the State, Mount Washington amid and up the towering summit of There is now one mile of the clouds. railroad track to every 400 persons in the State, while in Europe These railroads have been built at an expense of not less than $ 32,000,000. Thirty years ago the electric fluid flashed its deadly shaft through the air, unguid- there is only one mile to every 7,500. ed by man, like the dreaded missiles hurled from the cannon's over the field To day of battle. it mouth harmlessly flashes over 2,000 miles of wire, conveying messages of peace instead of destruction and death. In 1840, our cotton manufactories annually produced goods to the value of $ 4,142,000 now they produce over $ ; 30,000,000. In 1840, the value of woolen goods produced was $ 795,000 to day in 1840, less than 500,000 pairs of sale boots it is over $9,000,000 ; ; and shoes were made ; to-day, over 8,000,000 pairs are manufactur- In 1840, there were ed. less than 12,000 persons employed in all the manufactories in the State, and annually producing goods to the value of about $ 13,000,000; to-day over 46,000 persons are employed, and producing goods to the value of over $ 95,000,000. In 1840, the 78,000 persons engaged in farming respectively received for agricultural productions $ 320 ; in 1870, the 46,573 inhabitants en- gaged in the same business receive $ 483 each for the same labor. Twenty- four years ago, there was deposited in the ten savings banks in the State, $1,564,000, owned by 12,082 depositors, now (1873) there are deposited in the sixty-one savings banks, $29,671, In 1850, there were twenty 000, and owned by 94,967 depositors. newspapers, with an annual issue of 1,024,424 copies; in 1873, there were 62 papers, with an issue of 7,237,588 copies. In 1850, there were no regular daily papers in the State ; in 1870, there were seven, with a daily circulation of 6,100, or an annual issue of 1, In 1850, the value of church property in the In 1850, there were State was $ 1,561,610— in 1870, $ 3,303,780. $ 221,146, annually appropriated for public schools in 1870, $ 574 900,000 copies. ; In 1850, the true valuation of personal property and real in 1870 it was valued at nearly estate was $ 103,652,835 898. ; $ 250,000,000. Like the railway speed of travel, all branches of industry for the �CLIMATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 556 past thirty years in New-Hampshire, have increased at the same But with our natural facilities for every department of induswhich are not equaled by any State in the Union, with our fine water power, excellent market for agricultural products, the best rate. try, commercial harbor mountain scenery ally make in the country, and the grandest its cities, money thus and have been tales of west- with paper corner together with inducements held out to invest railroad bonds to The fairy present value. ern farming, and adventures in western lots, ought their visits the wealth of the State 8 100,000,000 in excess of river, lake with over 30,000 tourists who annu- in the world, money in western at the inflated usurious rates of ten per cent, for invested, when the road could not pay ning expenses, have been the greatest injuries as more than run- to the prosperity of There is no doubt but the lessons so dearly New-Hampshire. bought by many persons in this State, will be of lasting benefit to the generation to come, both to their happiness and wealth. CLIMATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Like shire is all other New-England States, the climate of New-Hamp- exceedingly various as to heat and cold, and attended with sudden changes. . The extreme varation of temperature is from twenty to thirty de- grees below zero, to ninety-eight or one hundred above, but these extremes do not often occur. The extensive ice-bergs in the north- ern sea, together with the various currents of air cause cool breezes and in the summer the and upon the heavy Thunforests create a moisture which produces frequent showers. der showers are frequent through the hottest portion of the season, but never as violent as in the Western or Southern States, and seldom attended with high winds. Whirlwinds and tornadoes are to pass over the hills and through the valleys, hot rays of the sun, on these cool currents of very rare, yet not unknown. pee, A New London and Warner, ever known air, whirlwind that passed over BunaSept. 9, 1821, in this section of the country. was the most severe The lofty elevations in various sections of the State break the clouds so that it is Dearly impossible for long sweeps of wind, as on the prairies in the West. Summej- showers are also broken by the high hills and mountains, and move through the valleys between the mountains. Very often �CLIMATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 557 there will be a heavy shower on one side of a mountain, while a few miles distant, on the other thunder, is side, within hearing of the rumbling Owing bright sunshine. breaking up to the continual of the clouds through the summer, showers are frequent, and the ground is seldom parched by continuous droughts, or saturated Storms on the eastern and southern with protracted rain storms. slope of New-Hampshire usually come from the in the Connecticut valley, north-east, while which runs nearly north and south, the storms are oftener from the south-east. continues four days, and they are oftener storm that It is a long Owing less. to the many and mountains, the streams rise rapidly, but their usually high banks generally keep the water within the channel of the streams, and there are no such devastating floods as occur in the West or hills South, neither are the storms, on an average, more than two thirds as long. The amount of rain falling, one year with another, generally more than five or six inches. Within the past fifteen varies not was 27$ inches, in 1859; was 46& inches, in 1863. The extreme hot clays are usually followed by cool nights, and, within a few days, by re- years, the smallest quantity of rain falling and the largest freshing showers. The warm rays of the sun, followed by fine irrigating showers, cause the various productions common to this climate to ripen in from sixty to one hundred and twenty days from the time that the seed is put into the ground. The season for planting varies in different sections of the State from ten to twenty Merrimack County and the northwinds usually blow from the days, the earliest being in the southern valleys of the and Connecticut rivers, the latest in Carroll ern portion of the State. west and north-west. storms ; The fair eastern and north-eastern winds denote tended storms blast all The Southern winds indicate short, ; more warm cool rain and ex- but our lofty mountains, frequently, in a dry time, human calculations as to rain. of snow is not as even from year to year as rain, varying from one third to one half. In 1858, the amount of snow falling through the year was four feet and nine inches in 1859, there fell eight feet and one inch; in 1871, the snow fall was only four feet fall ; and nine inches inches. ; while, in 1872, there were seven feet Then again : snow surface of the ground as rain and eight not so evenly distributed over the is ; falling much deeper on the height of land which separates the basins of the large rivers, and in that �CLIMATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 558 White Mountains. section of the State north of the It does not necessarily follow that the falling of large quantities of snow pro- duces the best and largest amount of sleighing through the winter. From the first to the middle of January, there is generally a mode- by the name of the " January Thaw." This mild weather frequently produces rain which carries away all the snow, breaks up the ice in the large streams, and sometimes produces devastating floods by the ice damming the streams and flowing the water back over the country. If the snow ration in the weather, which goes escapes this rain-thaw, there but, if otherwise, there sun runs so high it is is is generally a fine winter for sleighing; but snow little soon melted away. in succession, of the best quality, March and then till the Sleighing for two months frequently on less than eight is inches of snow, but good lumber sledding requires larger quantities to make it a successful business. Sleighing in northern four months ; New-Hampshire frequently continues over in the central part of the State, about three months while ten miles south of the city of Manchester there is seldom over and oftener less. Livery stable keepers in Manchester, frequently, for four weeks in succession, if their team is going five sixty days, or ten miles south of the city, harness their horse into a wagon, while is if they are going north, east or west any distance, a sleigh provided. Many people in the Southern States have the im- pression that the deep snows of prosperity. Deep snows New-Hampshire generally large crops follow deep winter snows. State consider it are a barrier to the farmer's are called its and fertilizer, The people of this a calamity to have a winter without sleighing. Aside from cars, the sled and sleigh with sufficient snow are the On a best and pleasantest mode of conveyance ever invented. clear, cool winter day, with good sleighing, together with a fine horse and sleigh, with sufficient robes to keep warm, gliding over the glistening snow at a ten mile gait, ride through six inches of Southern is mud far preferable to a carriage in mid winter, at the rate of one mile an hour, as the writer fully knows by experience. The deepest snows fall with a north-east wind, while snow commencing with a southern wind usually changes to rain. Frequently it will rain snow ; four hours, time, in the valleys, while also, in the snow and will on the higher elevations southern section of the State, in the vicinity of the fall to it it will will rain twenty- White Mountains the depth of fifteen inches. at the One same foot of �CLIMATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 559 snow, when melted, on an average, produces one inch of water. In 1872, rain fell on 88 days, and suow 32 days. In this state- ment it must be considered that many days were fair with the ex- ception of a pleasant shower, while on the other hand, there have been cloudy days but no rain. Over two thirds of the days in the year the sun can be seen some part of the day. There are, frequently, heavy fogs on the streams in August and September, morning, which are followed by a fair day, the fog in the being dispersed by the sun by nine or ten o'clock in the forenoon. Our most pleasant months are June, September and October. Often the first two, and not unfrequently the first three weeks in September, are, however, very warm. From the 20th of September to the 20th of October, the weather is delightful. The temper- and the sky singularly bright and beautiful. This is the period denominated the Indian summer. Some persons think June to be a more pleasant month than either September or October. In June, there are usually a few days of ature is mild, the air intense heat. In is sweet, other respects, except the brilliancy and beau- all month must be confessed to have the superiThe progress of vegetation is wonderful and it seems as if the creative hand was, in a literal sense, renewing its original plastic efforts, to adorn the world with richness and splendor. All things are alive and gay. " The little hills rejoice on every side. The pastures are clothed with flocks. The valleys ty of the heavens, this ority over all others. ; are also covered with corn, and shout for joy." same time chilled by The prevails in a peculiar degree.. easterly winds, winter months, when Health at the The spring is and rendered uncomfortable by the earth is clad with its often rains. mautle of snow the season for relaxation and pleasure. Then come the evening parties for the old, the dance for the young, and the merry sleigh rides for all, which no one knows how to appreciate unless he has lived mid the saow-capt hills of New-England. We are indebted to the Hon. William L. Foster of Concord for is the following meteorological observations for the year 1872, and statements relative thereto. THE WEATHER OF THE YEAR 1872 has been, upon the whole, considerably warmer than the average temperature, of the last 17 years. The mercury rose above 90° sixteen times, four times in June, �CLIMATE OF NEW- HAMPSHIRE. 560 The warmwhen the mean temThe highest temperature was June 21, 98°. seven in July, four in August, and once in September. est days in the year were June 30 and July perature was 84?°. The mercury fell below zero on 23 days, once times in February, four times in ber. The coldest — 1, day in the in January, seven March and eleven times in Decemyear was March 5, when the mean — The lowest temperature was Dec. 25, 20°. Rain has fallen on §8 days, snow on 33 days. The whole amount of rain is 37.17 inches, being 2.95 inches more than the average rain-fall of 1871, and 3.58 inches more than temperature was 9°. the annual rain-fall in the last 17 years. The following inches ; combined, in as the amount of snow in feet and and hundredths and rain and melted snow inches and hundredths (estimating one inch of water table indicates the rain in inches ; product of one foot of snow), during the last 16 years. �SCENERY IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. inches fell in March and 10 ing after February is 561 The average quantity in April. fall- 18 inches. Sleighing began Nov. 29, and has been uninterrupted. The whole quantity of rain this winter (since Dec. 1) is 2.95 an inch more than the average quantity during the winter months. The coldest day this winter was Dec. 25, when the mercury was, inches, being about half min. 20° max. 8° mean 6°. The coldest morning and lowest temperature was Jan. 30, 26°. The warmest day of the winter was Jan. 4, when the mercury recorded, min. 31° max. 44° mean 37J Q The highest temperature recorded during the winter was Feb. . 17, 50°. Range of temperature during the winter, 76°. SCENERY IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. There is no doubt but the scenery of New- Hampshire is more varied and beautiful than can be found in any other State in the Union. The ocean scenery along her narrow miles, is coast of less than eighteen pronounced the grandest on the western Atlantic shore. The Hon. Edmund Burke, of Newport, when in Congress, than thirty years ago, while in debate, in defending more New-Hamp- an attack from a southern member of Congress, speaking of her natural scenery, blended with civilization, well and shire against eloquently said hills. She is : "New-Hampshire is among the Her mountains point indeed throned the Switzerland of America. high up among the clouds, where eagles take their unrestrained the freedom of the skies. She is flight and enjoy a land Of mountain and of flood, Of green heath and shaggy wood. Her cloud-capt hills, even in mid-summer, glisten with the frosts and snows of winter. The terrific avalanche springs from her summits and thunders down their sides. But she is a land of crystal streams, of glassy lakes, embosomed among her hills, and of beautiful valleys and meadows, dotted with neat and pretty villages, teeming with fertility, the hum of industry and all the evidences of wealth and prosperity. She has more of those noble temples of �SCENERY IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 562 liberty, more of common schools, more village spires pointing to Heaven, and the monuments which mark a high and advanced state of civilization than any other State of this Union, with, perhaps, one If she or two exceptions. for her advancement is indebted to any cause under in prosperity, wealth her lofty mountains, and her beautiful and Our description of the mountains Whose snowy Among in and Heaven civilization, it is to fertile valleys." New-Hampshire, tops the clouds are towering high, And seem to meet Amid the starry the heavens sky Her hundred glassy lakes, and Like brilliant diamonds Set in emerald green, Add beauty To her mountain scene And her sparkling, winding rivers, That feed her glassy lakes, Or meet the briny ocean's tide, Are like the golden chains Which hold the diamond to the maiden's They stretching back their silver arms, Clasp them to the mountain crests Are breast; the sequel to the beautiful scenery to be found in almost ev- ery section of the State, and with the exception of a few remarks made by Dr. Moses F. Morrison on New-Hampshire bearing upon industry and civilization, will be its tion given of its all scenery, grand ocean, mountain, lake and river scenery. In many respects the White and Green mouutain ranges perhaps from and the descrip- all others in the known differ They are purely of thrown up through the tran- world. primitive origin, while most others are secondary or tertiary strata. We have not even the organic remains of the transition period, and hence the search for coal, which is now known to be in every instance vegetable matter, acted sition, upon by the united agency of heat and pressure, is equally futile and hopeless. But primitive rocks contain the most valuable ores, and in our instance their surface is covered almost to the summits of our highest mountains with a productive soil and with a beauti- The world produces not a spot where the more pure, the water more clear and limpid, and the scenery more wild and beautiful, where the human foot can move with more boldness and less danger. The wolf and lammermuir of the fully varied vegetation. air is �SCENERY IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 563 Alps, the tiger and condor of the Andes, the cougUr and rattlesnake of the Alleganiea are not here. The associations of childhood and youth become a part of our being, and it is only when they are disruptured by transition, that we realize their existence. Place a mountaineer upon the ry of his youth prairies, and he longs for the scene- he returns to behold with rapture the beauties ; of landscape which before he had passed with careless indifference. We have passed the magnificient gorge of the White Hills, and viewed with enthusiasm the wild sublimity around us. We have entered the defile of Francouia, and beheld with astonishment and Man of the Mountain and his wild domain. have scaled the summit of Mount Washington, and at one time beheld the thunder cloud, hundreds of feet below us, the lightning admiration the Old We and a brilliant sun irradiating the sky. summit the valley of the Connecticut spread out like a map before us; the rays of ight, reflected by a dark cloud that hung upon the Green Mountains, brought into displaying over surface, its Again we viewed from tinct its view the streams, the cottages, the fields, the villages, the and valleys, the waving forests and vast amphitheatre of mountains supporting the blue vault around and above us we felt that the beautiful and sublime were here mingled upon a scale never to be surpassed, and hallowed by a thousand associated ideas of fond remembrances never to be forgotten. We have stood on the shores of the ocean and contemplated the vast and almost illimitable world of waters before us, and viewed in imagination the innumerable ships and vast navies that float upon her bosom. We have sailed upon the waters of Ontario, when the departing sunbeams cast their gorgeous shades of green and gold hills ; over its surface — transcendently beautiful splendid drapery of the imagination. — far beyond the most Finally, descending into the awful chasm of Niagara, we have approached in a tremendous cataract of the Western rolling surges of its abyss, seas, we were warned until frail boat the repelled by the that nearer approxima- might be death. No person can describe the sublimity of this its grandeur is overwhelming, and the vast display of magnificence and power presented at a single glance to our view shows tion scene — how puny of God. are the efforts of man compared with the omnipotence But with the ocean, with the lake and with the cataract were associated in our minds the ideas of loneliness, of solitude most of desolation. We longed for the early visions of — life, al- for �GEOLOGY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 564 that play of fight and shade upon the mountain scenery of our na- We had learned that the impress of external objects upon the heart and shaped the visions of ideality in the brain; and that the cultivation of the intellectual faculties of the mind and the physical energies of the body alone were wanting to make us the happiest of the free. And now permit us to ask, where shall we find a soil more productive, with a climate equally salubrious? where shall we breathe an atmosphere more invigorating, or drink of fountains more pure ? where shall we behold scenery more sublime, beautiful and good, tive hind. had stamped their seal of loveliness surrounded with less evils or moral and physical evils exposed to fewer dangers we do — suffer, ? Of the few are consequent upon — some are contingent but many are created by our vices and perpetuated by our ignorance. We constantly violate the and shall we complain that the degeneracy laws of organic life of the species and the ill health and early dissolution of the individual should be the consequence? or shall we value less the numberless blessings which surround us because the harmony of the locality ; intellectual with the physical world is comparatively unknown? GEOLOGY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. No portion of the American continent, except the Laurentian Hills of Canada, exhibits a more ancient surface of dry land than New-Hampshire. nitic, The face of the entire State is essentially gra- the only exceptions being the patches of limestone and clay slate lying along the The upper part of the Connecticut river valley. New-Hampshire of the Rocky Mountains. surface of State east more uneven than any other is A large portion of its northern and upwards above the ocean level. The primitive rock underlying the whole region has a remarkable induration, having taken its form, coherence and hardness at a period antedating the introduction of life upon the globe, or, at least, at so early a period that subsequent exposure and internal changes have obliterated nearly every trace of organized counties has an elevation of a thousand feet existence. This extreme hardness of the rocks has so far resisted the abrading action of the waters in the river-beds that the streams of New-Hampshire abound with a vast amount of water power. falls and rapids, and hence afford �GEOLOGY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 565 In a large portion of the territory of the United States, nearly every square mile abounds with marine and vegetable fossils. Hampshire shows life less of these remains of organized With other State of the Union. the exception of a few obscure traces of the Silurian age at Littleton have ever been found within the The New- than any and Shelburne, no fossils limits of this State. is strongly marked by the effects of the That great flood of waters swept over the entire region, except the summit of Mt. Washington. The comparative nakedness or denudation of the ledges on the nortnern side of our hills, is an evidence of the force and depth of the vast current which for ages drifted, in a nearly southward direction, over the State. A still more impressive testimony is the immense quantity of bowlders strewn over every township by these uorthern currents, and which vary in size from a small pebble to those of a thousand surface of the State Drift epoch. Rounded masses of tons' weight. ter, like granite, often ten feet in diame- upon the tops of the highest hills. In some towns, Hillsborough, Washington, Stoddard and Sunapee, they are were left so thickly strown as to cover, on of the surface. Many many farms, a considerable portion of the ledges upon the highlands are by furrows and scratches made by the marked drifting bowlders of that Often the rocks found from fifty to one hundred feet beperiod. low the surface are well-rounded bowlders. For a long geological period the surface of this State must have had a widely different configuration from that of to-day. The Northern railroad, in its route from Concord to Lebanon, crosses the height of land between the Merrimack and Connecticut rivers in the worn At town of Orange. than eight hundred feet in the solid granite, One the point of greatest altitude, above the bed of these more rivers, are pot holes having a depth of from oue to nearly them is eleven feet deep with a diameter of The stream which four feet at the top and two feet at the bottom. formed them must have been large and swift, and have flowed for a four yards. long time. of Similar holes in the solid gneiss are found at the Sun- apee summit, in Newbury, near the track of the Sugar River rail- road. ITS EFFECTS ON CIVILIZATION. The geological character tility of a country largely determines shire are granitic — those its fer- The rocks of New-Hampof Vermont are calcareous. The decompo- and the occupations of its people. �GEOLOGY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 56G sition of the one gives a light, sandy surface heavy, productive soil. Hence the — of the fertility other, a rich, of Vermont, and the according to the census of 1870, she largely leads NewHampshire in every department of agricultural production. The valley of the Connecticut is often mentioned as the garden of Its fertility greatly surpasses that of the Merrimack. this State. The alluvial deposit of limestone, worn from the scattered ledges fact that, along the eastern border of the Connecticut valley has contributed largely to the productive capacity of the towns along the borders of that river, and given to Colebrook, Lancaster, Haverhill, Lebanon and Walpole, an agricultural importance above Boscawen, Manchester, Nashua, and the other towns bordering on the Merrimack. But the granite ledges of the Merrimack valley amply compensate for the thin soil of that region. In a purely limestone coun- have worn their channels to a great depth, and whatever falls there may have been are graded down to a plane of descent so extended and uniform as to make any available waterpower an impossibility. The banks are also yielding and unreliable for dams. On the other hand, granite and gneiss have not only try the streams New-Hampshire crop out hardness, but in in irregular ledges, with their lines of stratification at right angles to the courses of our rapidly-sloping rivers. These out-cropping ridges of the strata running across the streams, produce pitches and sudden descents, which, according to the steepness and volume of water, take the falls or cataracts. The water powers of the Merrimack, Winnipisaukee, Contoocook, Suncook, and Cocheco are referable to this origin. With the adjoining banks and river-bottoms form of rapids, dams can be of granite, currents and the built proof against the corrosion of under- momentum of freshets. SURFACE ASPECT OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. The southern half nipisaukee of this State— that portion below Lake Win- — has a degree of unevenness above the undulating and which Thoreau has given the name of summits have a marked altitude and celebrity below the mountainous, " hilliness." Two to — Monadnock and Kearsarge. Both attract a large number of summer visitors, and afford a magnificent view of the central portion of New England. The northern part of New-Hampshire has a mountain scenery �MINERALS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. which 567 for half a century has received the constantly increasing at- and tourists. The passage of the Saco through White Mountains forms a gorge equal in depth and abrupt- tention of scientists the ness to the canons of California Mountain, and Dixville Notches per's Ferry, the only ; are, while the Franconia, White with the exception of Har- mountain passes of surpassing grandeur east of the Rocky Mountains. The beautiful scenery, healthy air, and pure waters of the north- ern section of this State, will always attract thousands of visitors, during the summer season, MINERALS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Though New-Hampshire is destitute of fossils, and nearly want- ing in that class of calcareous minerals whose varied form of crys- and coloring give them an important place in mineraland of silicious minerals this State has a large and varied family, specimens of which are to be found in public and private collections throughout the country. First, we will designate those which are valuable for their utility talization ogical collections, yet of the ores rather than their rarity. Granite, the prevailing rock, furnishes excellent quarries in The increased facilities for transportathem very valuable. The oldest and best every section of the State. tion have made some of known Concord, two miles north of the State Those of Marlboro, Fitzwilliam and Troy, on the Cheshire The quarries at railroad, are equally valuable and accessible. Mason, Milford, Hooksett and Rumney, are located near railroads, and are extensively worked. Those of Sunapee, Lisbon and New quarries are at House. London are of superior quality, but are not so convenient for trans- portation as to be largely quarried. ries Altogether, the granite quar- of the State are an important element of industry, employing some twelve hundred men. Steatite, or soapstone, is a valuable material for certain purThere are three quarries in the State at Francestown, Orposes. The Francestown ledge was discovered in ford and Canterbury. 1794, and has been worked ever since. It is the most valuable soapstone quarry in the United States, and its products are very extensively used for stoves, sinks, wash and bath tubs, moulding taIt employs one hundred hands. bles, and a variety of other uses. — �MINERALS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 568 Mica, one of the component parts of granite, is rarely found in transparent sheets of sufficient size to be of commercial value. Quarries have been worked at Grafton, Alstead and Acworth. last are exhausted, but the Grafton quarry is still valua- The two ble, yielding The best makes it valu- twenty-five tons of sheet mica annually. quality brings ten dollars per pound. Its elasticity able for lights where glass cannot be used. Felspar, another of the component parts of granite, is found in large masses, at times semi-crystalized, at Grafton, Acworth, Alstead and Manchester. At Grafton and Acworth fine specimens of albite are found, and at Manchester the flesh-colored variety. It is used in the manufacture of porcelain and artificial teeth. Clay Slate quarries have been opened in Littleton, Lebanon, Dalton, Unity, Piermont and Claremont, but none of them have The one at Lebanon is extensive, proved remunerative. but too soft and brittle to furnish a good material for roofing or yet paving. Limestone deposits are found in Haverhill, Lisbou, Columbia, Lyme, Orford and Cornish. At East Haverhill and East Lisbon lime is manufactured, annually, in sufficient quantities to supply the vicinity. Graphite occurs in abundance in Nelson, Goshen, and Antrim. In the first named locality it is Campton ground and sent to the Boston market. Of the ornamental minerals found in New-Hampshire, the fol- lowing occur more frequently. Quartz crystals are found in North Benton and East Campton. From both of these localities many beautiful specimens have been obtained for cabinets, but, though not exhausted they are much more cured with Beryl is found in Grafton, Orange, Acworth and but good specimens cannot blasting. The now se- labor than formerly. New London, now be obtained without considerable have been obtained Grafton and best specimens in Acworth. Garnets occur in Lisbon, "Warren, Springfield and Hanover. At Lisbon they are found in great quantities in the pastures around Mink pond. At Warren some of the specimens are very rtire, and are of the cinnamon variety. At Springfield they are abundant, with perfect faces, but of common quality. There are exhausted localities at North Haverhill and Amherst. �METALS AND ORES. Epidote, massive and and Warren. Tourmaline found is 569 Ore in crystals, occurs at in Hill, Lisbon Piermont, Springfield and Orford. It imbedded in milk quartz, and great care is needed to save tbe crystals from fracture. Staurotides, single and double crystals, occur in very great abundance at Mink pond, Lisbon. Tremolite, of a wbite and finely radiated variety, is abundant is at Warren. THE METALS AND Gold, minute in particles, was first 1854, at Plainfield, and soon after at 1864 it was found in Lyman, and was much excitement ORES. discovered in this State in Lebanon and Hanover. In There the next year in Lisbon. in both of these towns, for several years fol- lowing, attended with considerable expense in excavations and the erection of a large crushing mill. The gold Lyman, At four miles from Lisbon village. is of fine quality, and The some $12,000 worth have been extracted. best mines are in intervals, the working of these mines has ceased, but, at this time (Oct. 1873,) two of them are being developed with a yield of moderate profit. Silver if is found in the lead ores of Madison and Shelburne, and it would warrant the extraction of the the galena was abundant, silver. Galena so largely occurs in Madison in considerable quantities but it is mixed with the ores of zinc and copper that the working ; of these mines has been abandoned. Zinc ores are found The former in great abundance at Madison and Warren. affords fine specimens of yellow blende, or thesulphuret of zinc; and the latter of black blende, or the oxide of zinc. them is worked at the present time. Copper. The sulphuret of copper is found Nei- ther of this State. and Unity Lyman, Bath, Iron ore many towns of Warren, Croydon, in afford fine specimens of this kind of ore. these localities have been unfavorable Littleton, Dalton, more or less worked, but, as Most of yet, with results. is found at ore Hill, Lisbon, Piermont, Bartlett, Tam- worth, and Littleton in considerable quantities. At Lisbon the �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 570 vein is began the granular, magnetic oxide of iron. men were employed, and 500 tons quality, were annually produced. ed, It For many of pig and bar be worked as early as 1805. to Of late is very rich, and years, twenty-five of the best iron, years the work has ceas- from the increased depth of the vein, and the greater cost of fuel. In the north part of Bartlett, and east of Rocky Branch River, occurs the most extensive deposit of workable iron ever found in New-Hampshire. Fifty tons of this ore has been sent to one of the best iron and steel manufactories in England, and they pronounced quality, especially for the manufacturing of it of the best steel. The Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, which extends through Bartlett, will pass within three miles of these and a branch can be easily built mountains of iron, up Rocky Branch, near to these valuable mines. Tin is found tin mine, but, as Manganese Hinsdale. Jackson, but the vein in quantity small. very narrow and the to develop this found in Littleton, Gilmanton, Winchester and is It occurs in the Molybdenum is Over S 4,000 have been expended yet, no favorable report. is form of the black oxide. found in comparative abundance in Westmore- land and Newport. MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. The Mountains in New-Hampshire are noted for their lofty ele- vation and the wild and romantic scenery obtained from their summits. In this State are found some of the highest elevations in New-England, and with one exception, the highest in the United States this side of the The Rocky Mountains. crystal waters, spouting from its thousand springs, together with the clear, cool, bracing mountain air, has attracted the attention of invalids and lovers of mountain fine scenery, for scenery, the pure many years from all sections of the country, and with the constantly increasing railroad facilities in the number of visitors all parts of the Union, has been largely augmented, and it is esti- mated that over 30,000 persons annually visit the mountains of New-Hampshire. But few people, even of those living in this �MOUNTAINS IN NEW- HAMPSHIRE. aware of the number, of mountains and lofty elevations State, are 571 that have beeu surveyed and their altitude obtained. There are in the State seven mountain peaks over one mile twenty-two peaks between four and fourths of a mile high thousand five thousand feet, hi<di ; or over three- twenty -six peaks between three and four ; or over one-half mile high and twenty-five peaks There are many other mountains between one and four thousand feet high, but no feet, between two and three thousand ; feet in height. record of their altitude has ever been obtained. tilled farms, Like well and large manufacturing establishments, now considered a resource instead of a barren these mountains are waste. At the bases and on the summits of been erected fine hotels many mountains, have which, in magnitude, will vie with the large hotels in Boston and New- York. In the summer mouths, these large houses are filled with the wealth and fashion coming from all sections of the We will United States. mention a few of the principal mountains, and rank them according to their altitude, White Mountains. commencing with the This range of mountains located in the is southern section of Coos county and the northern portion of Grafton and Carroll counties. They extend northerly about twenty and with the Franconia range have an area of over 200,000 acres. Water from their sides flows into four of the largest rivers in New-England viz. the Androscoggin on the north, Saco on the east and south-east, Merrimack south and south-west, and the Conmiles, Some necticut on the west. of the peaks are the highest in New- England, and, with one exception, the highest east of the Rocky mountains. The Indian name of was Agiocochook. these mountains, according to Dr. Belknap, Among the savages who frequented moun- this tain region a tradition prevailed that a deluge once overspread the land and destroyed every and his wife, who fled human being to these lofty elevations the race from extermination. except a single Powow and thereby preserved Perhaps the vouchers in detail as to the veracity of the statement of the poor Indian, are not as good nor as reliable as those relative to the remarkable preservation of and his family Noah on a certain Mount in Asia, but their version, gether with Bible history and the science of geology, stantiate the statement that at one time, far back all to- go to sub- in the past, the whole earth was covered with waters, with the exception of the �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 572 highest elevations. had a venerable Through these traditions, the savages always and never attempted deeming the undertaking dangerous, and suc- respect for these mountains, to ascend the summit, cess impossible. President Alden states that the White Mountains were called by one of the eastern tribes Waumbekketmethna Waumbekket ; signi- methna mountains. Their great elevation has always rendered them exceedingly interesting, both to the aboriginal inhabitants and to our ancestors. They were visited by Neil, Joclyn, and Field as early as 1632 they gave romantic accounts of their adventure, and the extent and sublimity of the mountains. They gave them the name of Crystol Hills. There are six summits belonging to tb.3 White Mountain range that are over one mile high and are respectively named Mount Washington, having an altitude of 6,293 feet Mount Adams, 5,794 fies white and ; ; feet; Mount Jefferson, 5,714; Mount Clay, 5,553 feet; Mount Monroe, 5,384 feet and Mount Madison, 5,365 feet. Mount Washington is known by its superior elevation, and although sixty-five miles distant from the ocean, in a clear day its snow white summit can be distinctly seen fifty miles at sea And like the father of our nation's, land, He stands as beacon of his mountain chain, To guide the bark upon the stormy main To friendly port surrounded by the strand. Mount Adams is known by its the second north of Washington. two; Madison is sharp terminating peak and being Jefferson is situated between the the eastern peak of the range; Monroe is the first south of Washington, and Clay north of Washington. White Mountains never consider their Mount Washington and view the grandest mountain scenery on the American Continent. A traveller has well described the view obtained from Mount WashTravellers visiting the tour completed, unless they ascend ington. " From the summit, if the day be clear, is afforded a view unequalled on the eastern side of the American Continent. Around you, in every direction, are confused masses of mountains, bearing the appearance of a sea of moulten lava suddenly cooled whilst its ponderous waves were yet in commotion. On the south-eastern horizon gleams a rim of silver light it is the Atlantic Ocean sixty; five miles distant, laving the shores of Maine. Lakes of all sizes, �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 573 from Lake Winnipiseogee to mere mountain ponds, and mountains beneath you, gleam misty and wide. At the west the Green Mountains in Vermont are distinctly seen at the south and southwest are Mount Monadnock and Kearsarge in full view, while the intervening space is filled up with every variety of landscape." The ascent of Mount Washington is by two routes one is from ; — Gorham, on the north side of the mountains to the Glen House, eight miles distant, and thence by carriage road, eight miles, to the The road is a chartered corporation, and was commenced and finished and opened for travel in the season of 1861. The whole work is a complete triumph of engineering skill, and is summit. in 1855, The other the best finished road in the whole mountain region. route is at the western base of the mountain, by This rail. rail- road was commenced in 1866, under the superintendence of Sylvester Marsh, the inventor of three years. description It is used to and completed in about any of the mechanism of this road, and other machinery connected therewith, and is this novel plan, needless in this place, to attempt to give make it it is enough to say that every precaution and descend. The road is nearly safe to ascend three miles long and ascends 3,628 feet in going that distance, start- ing from a point 2,669 feet above tide water. including equipment, road up to the mountains. is summit, On the is The whole expense, not far from $ 200,000. A ride worth the whole expense of a on this trip to the summit of Mount Washington has been erect- ed a large and convenient hotel, which answers also for a depot. This house has all the comforts of hotels in the city, and can ac- There is a telcommodate about one hundred guests, over night. egraph office, with wires coming from different quarters of the country, and the house, in the summer, has become quite an " exchange," parties arriving over the various routes, can despatch by telegraph (over 6000 feet above the ocean) to their places of busOne object of guests staying over iness hundreds of miles away. night is to obtain an evening and morning view of the setting and the rising sun, the beauty and grandeur of which is far beyond any human attempt to describe. These mountains are now reached by railroad from all sections of the country, and at all points near their base. On the north side, at Gorham, via Grand Trunk Railroad, coming from the north- western States, Canada, and city of Montreal, or the other way, from Portland and other points in Maine. On the south and south- �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 574 west side, through the Notch at Upper Bartlett, by the Portland from Portland, or coming from ii over the Eastern railroad to North Conway, thence over the Portland and Ogdensburg railroad to Upper Bartlett, or from Boston over the Boston and Maine railroad to Great Falls Junc- and Ogdensburg tion, railroad, either On thence over Eastern railroad to North Conway, &c. west side, at the Twin Mountain House, in Carroll, the by the Boston, Concord and Montreal railroad, from every section of the country their connections with all the lines of railroad being nearly perfect. Many of the towns in the vicinity of the mountains are becoming quite a resort for these mountain tourists, especially, where the mountains are in full view, that distance lends ham, and it enchantment can be truly said, at to At the view. many points, Lancaster, Gor- Jefferson, Dalton, Whitefield, Littleton, Bethlehem, Lisbon, Conway,' Bartlett, Jackson, Franconia, there are large and summer boarding houses built expressly for the accommodation of these tourists. The Notch is the name applied to a very narrow defile, between two huge cliffs rent asunder by some powerful convulsion of nature, seemingly to admit the waters of the Saco, which passes between Carroll, hotels these walls for a distance of two miles. At the northern extremity of the Notch, the distance between the perpendicular rocks on either side of the chasm is only twenty-two feet. Through this narrow chasm passes the foaming Saco, and the road leading from In this notch was situated the Bartlett to the Crawford House. celebrated Willey house, directly under the Willey Mountain. This house was built as early as 1821, for a public house, and was kept by a Mr. Hill for several years. In the autumn of 1825, a Mr. Willey, with his family, took possession, and lived comfortably through the winter. In June there was a slide from the mountain, and although they were somewhat frightened, it did them no mateFrom this incident, Mr. Willey anticipated worse rial injury. results from similar slides, and had taken the precaution to prepare a place of refuge in case there was another slide from the mountain. August 28, 1826, there was a violent storm around the Notch, and a vast amount of rock and earth was precipitated into the valley below, Leaving the Willey house again unharmed; but the Willey family was swept away, leaving not one to is tell the awful tale. It, supposed they heard the danger approaching, and attempted to flee (as they thought) to their new shelter of safety, but were over- �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 575 taken and destroyed, or they might have arrived at their cabin and then been swept away, as not a vestige was left to mark the spot. would require a volume to give a detailed account of all the places of interest around these mountains, and, with the present railroad facilities among them, our readers will be far better satisfied with a personal visit, than to read these apparently fairy tales It relative to them. Franconia Mountains. — The Franconia range comes next in This range lies about order of lofty elevations in New-Hampshire. twenty miles south-west from the base of Mount Washington, and them by cars the nearest point to reach at Littleton; the is moun- from the depot, where stages are waiting on the arrival of each train through the season tains being twelve miles south-east always in of travel. ette, 5,290 attractions The highest elevations in and Mount Lincoln, feet, this around these mountains which every season. The House Profile is range are Mount Lafay- 5,101 feet. call There are many many visitors hither one of the largest hotels in the and in the height of the season is filled to its utmost capacity. To show its magnitude, it is only necessary to say that the main parlor is 50 by 100 feet, and the house can accommodate over five hundred guests at one time. There are other fine hotels, but this State, is the largest. Among the places worthy of a visit Mountain, one of the greatest natural wonderful profile of the human face, Man of the curiosities in the State. This is, first, The Old wearing from age to age the same undisturbed expression of dignity and wisdom, and surveying in calm majesty the wild and varied region around, is seen on a bold and nearly perpendicular part of the rock which terminates one of the projecting thousand The feet. cliffs of profile is Mount Jackson, at the height of one produced by a peculiar combination of the surfaces and angles of five huge granite blocks. " Great as thou art, And and paralleled by none, Admired by all, still art thou drear and lone The moon looks down upon thine exiled height The stars, so mildly, spiritually bright, On wings of morning gladly flit away, To mix with their more genial, mighty ray." ! The Flume side ; it is is a deep chasm, having precipices of granite on each about three fourths of a mile from the main road, on the right-hand as you go towards Franconia Notch. A mountain �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 576 its loose masses of rocks. It is not practicable to the Flume during One in the good foot-path. Flume block of granite, which hangs a few is an immense feet supported merely by small surfaces of contact against To bed of summer; but and the bottom of the river of the most remarkable objects in the rounded walk the spring freshets and in early late in the season but little water flows, affords a and midst, falling over precipitous crags torrent rushes through the traveler passing in the bed of the stream neath this huge block, the appearance is that it overhead, its sides. and under- must instantly fall upon him. Moosilauke or Moosehillock, in Benton, is the next highest moun- and has an altitude of 4,991 feet. The nearest point by cars is Warren. The distance from the depot to the base of the mountain is four miles and thence by carriage road four miles to the summit. It is becoming a popular resort for mountain tourists, and Prof. A. Guyot says in respect to the scenery from the crest of this mountain, " The panorama which is before your eyes at the summit of Moosilauke is neai'ly the most extensive I have found in New-England, not excepting even that from M'ts. Washington tain in range, ; and Lafayette, over which it possesses many advantages. This is due to the insulated position of that mountain outside of the group of the White Mountains proper, combined with its great elevation which surpasses by 1000 feet to 1500 feet the surrounding heights, while it is less than 500 feet below the summit of Lafayette. The eye thus embraces at a single glance in the north and northeast, all the chains of the White Mountain group from Lafayette and M't Washington to the highest peaks of the central, southern and eastTowards the south and east ern chains in Sandwich and Conway. the whole State of New-Hampshire, with its innumerable scattered hills and lakes, among which Winnipiseogee is conspicuous, and a part of Maine, complete the grand, instructive, raised map which is opened before the beholder." See Benton and Warren. Carrigan is located in the Upper Pemigewasset valley, a little south-east from the Franconia range, and is 4,678 feet in height. Mount Iinji and Mount Moriah are located in Bean's Purchase and are situated about four miles south south-east from Gorham village. Their altitudes are respectively 4,702, and 4,653 feet. Carter Mountain, also in Bean's Purchase, but further south, 4,830 feet high. The views from their summits are grand, but is their �MOUNTAINS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 577 add much to the fine scenery around Gorham. Monadnock commonly called the Grand Monadnock, situated in the towus of Jaffrey and Dublin in Cheshire county, is the highest elevation in the southern and central section of the State and has an altitude 'of 3,718 feet. The principal ascent is made from the lofty elevations in themselves Jaffrey side. The scenery obtained from country for many its summit with numerous villages and ponds. Mount from its Carr, in crest is Pegnaivket or is exceedingly The fine. miles around appears like a vast plain studded See Jaffrey. Wentworth, has a height of 3,652 feet. The view extensive. Ki irsarge partly in Chatham, Mountain8,lies partly in Bartlett and 3,358 feet high. It is about three miles from North Conway, one of the greatest points for summer tourists The view from the summit of this mountain in New-Hampshire. is very fine and extensive. Table Mountain, is in Conway and has an altitude of 3,305 feet. Prospect Mountain, is situated in Holderne-s and Campton, is about four miles from Plymouth depot. It is about 2,963 feet in and a view from its summit, is of the most diversified character. A good carriage road has been built to its very top, and is much travelled by visitors stopping in Plymouth. height, Kearsarr/e Mountain, er, is situated in the towns of Salisbury, "Warn- Sutton and Wilmot in Merrimack county, and has an elevation of 2,742 feet above Northern railroad tide water. at It is approached by the cars on the the Potter Place depot in Andover, being only four miles to the Winslow House on the side of the mountain, and within one fourth of a mile from its summit. This fine hotel within the limits of Wilmot. It is reached on its southern Bide, by the Concord and Claremont Railroad, at Warner. A carriage road has been built on this side of the mountain nearly to the summit. The views from this mountain are the finest in the State. (See Warner and Andover.) Ossipee Mountain has no connecting chain with other Ossipee. mountains, but is a separate mound, about six miles in diameter and is located within the limits of the towns Sandwich, Tamworth, It is over 2,300 Ossipee, Tuftonborough and Moultonborough. feet high, and presents a grand and imposing appearance, from all is the towns surrounding it. �EN XEW-IIAMPSHIRE. MOUNTAINS 578 There are many other mountains in the State worthy of mention, and through the courtesy of William Little Esq., of Manches- we are enabled to give the altitude of a large number of the the names of the towns or in New-Hampshire an This will be valuable and ingrants in which they are located. ter, mountains 1 teresting for future reference. ALTITUDES. Heights of Mountains, New- Hampshire, above in Tide Water JUeas- MeasWliere situated, Mt Mt. Mt. Mt. Mt. Mt. Mt. Mt. ur, <1 Where by Washington, White Mountains, Guyot, Adams, 5,71 Clay, 5 os ( Stark, l Franconia, Lafa] ette, Lincoln, While Hits. Bean's Purcliase, Pemigewassi it. Bean's Purcluise, Pemigi wassett, Mi. Pleasant, Mt. Imp Mt. larrigain ( Mt. Moriah, Mt. Hancock, Cone Mt. i . Mt. Mi. ( 11 Whi il " " " " " WhiteMts. Jit. Kinsman, Bald Knob, Zandaff, Pemigewassett, Face Mt. " " Mt. .larks, n, White Mts. Pemigewassett, Tripyramid, Mt. Passaconaway, Sa odwich Dome, Chatham, Mt. Koj.se, Franconia, Mt. Cannon, ! iriissi tf, I', Brick House Mt., '• " " III 1. Mt. Monadnock Mt. Carmel, Mt. Black, Chen \ Mount Jaffrey, Pittsburg, Carrol, Wentworth, Ellsworth, .Mini 11 i (.mm stairs, Ml. IH -liliiall Mt. Resolution, [ghtt of " the 3,557 40 1 Pond, .Mt., Pawtm kaway Hanover, Mt., Deerfield, " 1,388 1,415 1,072 1,000 " S92 Sunapee Mountain, Newbury, starting from " 3,4oli 1,600 the shores ol Snnapee Lake is about 3,400 There are more than one hundred other Guyot 3,400 mountains in New-Hampshire from 1,000 to 393 1, leet high, but as their altitude lias never it been ascertained they are not inserted in this list. :; ., .; 3.3o7 Lakes and Ponds of Neiv- Hampshire above Tide Water. Feel Lake of the Clouds, Moose 1,887 1,151 '• Benton, some of • " II llitr Mis. I', migevtasselt Bear Mt., Ti eraont Park, Pi |u.i\'. ket, Bartlett & Clmtham, !!• :; Quimby. Temple, Dr. Jackson, Pitsfield, oaks. Goffstown, Guyot, 3,701 Qncan Quimby, " 3,670 Blue Mt., Milton, Dr. Jackson, " " Saddleback Mt., Northwood, 11. Pemigewassett, Woodstock, Owl's Head, Guyot, 2,958 Ur. Paris 3,71 Barrett Mt., 3,711 Catamount Mt., Wells, Benton, Mt., Carr, Mt. Kineo, Ihororna, Pemigewassett, Camtpon, Huntington 2,879 Warner, Ca.pt l'artridge,2..1i2. Huntington, 2,608 702 G irdner Mt Lyman, 4 157S Crown Mon'nt, Cor.Me.tf. H.d-Ca., Wells, 2,569 6 Dr. Jackson, 2,470 Gilford, Mt. Belknap, 4,42i> Mi. Deception, Guyot, 2,449 White Mts. Temple, Quimby, 2,385 4 400 Pack Monadnock, Huntington, 2,378 4,397 Mt. Mist, Warren, 4.370 Ossipee Mts., Ossipee, Dr. Jackson, 2,361 " 2,340 4,350 Mt. Cube, Orjord, Guyot, 2,320 4,330 Webster Slide Mt., Warren, Huntington, 2,254 4 320 Smart's Mt., Dorchester, 4.2 Quimby, 2,223 Francestown, Srotched Mt., Gw/ot, 2,209 Warren, 4,100 Mt. Sentinel, 4.100 Stoddard Mt., Quimby, 2,200 Stoddard, 4,100 Pieruiont Mt., Huntington, 2,167 Piermont, " 4,086 Squam Mt„ 2,162 Hbldemess, 4,030 Gunstock Mt., Gilford, Dr. Jackson, 2,062 " 3.969 Bald Top Mt., 2,050 Wentworth, " 3,910 Red Hill, 2,025 MouUonborough, Huntington, 2,000 Bartlett, Iron Mt,, " 2,000 3 550 Ragged Mt., Andover, I . " in ton, Jackson, Boldemess, Huntington, 2,9(53 " 2,960 Rumney. i Woodst'Ck, White Mts. Pemigewassett, Cat Mt., Mt. Willey, White Mts. 3,305 3 200 3,170 3,152 3,134 3,120 4,704] Mt. Kearsai ge, i-.;eola, Bltfe, \\ ild 1 Dr. Jackson, 3,350 Huntington, 3,336 Conway, Table Mt., Mote "Sit., Pemigewassett, Guyot, Echo Mt., Woodstock, 365 Mt. Waternomes, 5 Madison, I 5,290 Mt. Crawford, 5.101 Double Head Mt. Benti a. Huntington, 1,941 Mt. Prospect, Moo ilauke, Guyot, l. n 2(l|Stinson Mt., Twin Mountain, Pemir/e.wasset, 1,904 Green's' Cliff, Write Mts. Mt. franklin, 4,830 Campton Mt., Bean's Purchase, Mt. Carter, Ml ured by 5,553 Monroe, Orange, :; lardigan, 5,794 Percy Peak, .if It'erson, situated, White Mts., 5,009 Mi Lafayette, Deer Lake, Moosilauke, Pond, lonrceof the MagaUoway, lake, Franconia Notch Connecticut Lake, 4,1 , 4,090 2,917 1,926 l.olU �LAKES IN NEW-HAMPSHIKE. 579 Heights of some of the Notches or Passes, of New- Hampshire, above Tide Water. Feet. Water shod between Swift river and the Pemigewassett, Pinkham Notch, Franconia Notch, White Mts. Notch, Stoddard Summit, Feet Milan Summit, O. T. R. R., 2,618 HarriSTille Summit, M. & K. R. R., 2,018 Oliveriau Notch, 2,014 Whiteneld Summit, B. C. & M. R. R., 1,903 Orange Summit, N . R. R., 1,555 NEW-HAMPSHIRE ],luO 1,084 1,078 1,072 990 HILLS. We've stood beside Niagara's flood, And mused on Nature's skill, But nothing there His genius shows Like a New-Hampshire hill. We've sailed God calms upon broad ocean's wave it if He wills But nothing there shows quiet peace Like old New-Hampshire hills. We've been within the nation's dome, Stood gazing with a thrill But nothing there inspires such awe As a New-Hampshire hill. Within the banker's safe Steel chests his lucre we've stood fills But nothing there shows half the wealth Of old New-Hampshire hills. We've seen prairies and their flowers, Beside their sparkling rills, But nothing there looks half so fair As old When New-Hampshire hills. hand upon us 's laid, blood he chills, Then gently lower us to our graves, 'Mid old New-Hampshire hills. And death's cold life's warm LAKES IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. In a country where the surface is broken by hills and lofty be deep gorges and valleys, which afford basins where the streams from the hill, and mountain sides are mountains, there will �LAKES IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 580 drained, thus producing many lakes and ponds, and frequently pre- senting a natural painting of mountain, lake and river scenery, here and there touched with the brush held by the skilled hand of and civilization blended in one grand and magnificent view of all nature and art combined. In New-Hampshire is not an exception. Her many among her mountains and hills have justly entitled name of the Switzerland of America, and much of the this respect, lakes and ponds her to the scenery around her lakes is not excelled in beauty, even by the lake scenery in Switzerland. Connecticut Lake, county, and is necticut river. It a half in width. scenery on lake its the northern section of the State in Coos lies in the source of one of the principal branches of Conis five and a half miles banks is A very beautiful. a smaller body of water, and is in length, The lake contains an abundance of still and two and fish and the few miles above this farther north another These three bodies of water are distinguished as First, Second and Third Lakes, the latter being about five miles from Canada line. lake. Many travellers annually visit these northern lakes for fishing and pleasure recreation And, when the firey horse, Upon the Shall move gaudy train Along iron track, his their grassy banks, Freighted with precious life Then, will nature yield a half to art. And blended beauty quicken the eye of man. Mascoma) Lake. (See Enfield.) (See Auburn.) Newfound Lake is pleasantly located in the towns of BridgeIt is about seven miles long and three water, Bristol and Hebron. wide, and empties into Pemigcwassett river, at Bristol, by Newfound Mascomy {or Massabedck Lake. river. Ossipee Lake. Stafford's Lake. (See Ossipee.) (See Chesterfield.) the counties of Grafton, Belknap and and on the towns of Holderness, Sandwich, Moultonborough and Center Harbor. It is about six miles long, and, in its Squam Lake borders on Carroll ; widest part, three miles in width. It is a splendid sheet of water, �LAKES IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 581 studded with a succession of romantic islands. Its outlet is Squani River which discharges into the Pemigewasset River, in Ashland. Sunapee Lake is situated nearly on the height of land between the Connecticut and Merrimack rivers, and feet above tide water. elevated about 1,000 is on the eastern part of Sullivan, It borders and western part of Merrimack Couuties, and is in the towns of London, Newbury and Sunapee. It is about ten miles in length and from one half to one and one half miles in width and is noted for the fine, picturesque scenery which surrounds it. Sugar River is its outlet, which flows westerly into the Connecticut, at New Claremont. Umbagog Lake, but Lake Winnipiseogee, little inferior in size to and extends along the eastern part of Erroll and Cambridge, in New-Hampshire. It is irregularly shaped, is about eighteen miles long and, in some parts, ten wide. The scenery around this lake is wild and romantic, and it is a great resort for hunting and fishing, for lovers of those sports. Its outlet is on the west side, in Erroll, its waters flowing west, about two miles, where it joins the Magalloway, after which it is called the Androscoggin River. is situated mostly in Maine, Winnipiseogee Lake. However romantic and travellers, appears, in depth, its its This beautiful its Lake possesses singular charms. Lake George, the charmer of all elevation, the purity of mountain scenery, historic fame, it its mineralogy fish, its still, ; the present mode of spelling Winnepesocke. and Carroll. Its form it is This is Lake ; ; its width from one length is this lake, in the counties of is At on the north end there are three others. west to south east ries in but its but Winnipiseogee, pronounced Wini- very irregular. vided into three large bays east in all its bosom, its has a rival at the east, in the Winnipiseogee of New-Hampshire. There are various ways of spelling the name of jrisoky or waters, its rapid outlet, the 365 islands which bespangle Its the west end is Belknap it general course is from north- about twenty-five miles and to ten miles. is di- a fourth, and at the This lake is it va- environed by the pleasant towns of Moultonborough, Tuftonborough, Wolfeborough, Center Harbor, Meredith, Gilford and Alton, and overlooked by other delightful towns. The waters said to be are remarkably pure, and unfathomable. Its its sources depth, in some places, are principally is from �RIVERS IN NEW- HAMPSHIRE. 582 springs within name. its bosom. Its height, Its outlet is the rapid river of above the level of the stored with a great variety of excellent sea, is 472 it its waters, presents an icy expansion of great own It is In the summer fish. son steamboats, sloops, and smaller vessels ply on in the winter season its feet. sea- and useful- ness and beauty. It is said to contain 365 islands, several of which compose farms of from 200 to 500 acres. Of the scenery of this lake Edward Everett has left this testi- " I mony, in a speech made in New- Hampshire some years ago have been something of a traveler in our own country, though less than I could wish, and in Europe have seen all that is attractive, from the Highlands of Scotland to the Golden Horn of Constantinople from the summit of the Hartz Mountains to the fountains of Vauclure but my eye has yet to rest on a lovelier scene than that which smiles around yo as you sail from Wier's Landing to Center Harbor." What is true of this trip is true of that from Wolfeborough to Wier's, and in fact of all the trips to be taken upon the lake. The most'experien.vd call them equally fine. : — ; i In the warm season the two splendid steamers, Lady of the Lake, and Mt. Washington, both new, ply upon the lake; two points at which it may be approached from the south, and two points of departure for the mountains. The former runs between the Wier's, Centre Harbor, and Wolfeborough, and the latter be- tween Alton Bay, Wolfeborough, and Centre Harbor. The Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad connects with the former at Wier's, and the Boston and Maine with the latter, at Alton Bay. At Wolfeborough there is a rail connection with the Eastern Railroad by the Wolf borough branch, at Wolfeborough Junction, in Wakefield. There are many other small lakes aud ponds in various sections of the State, all having their peculiar charms, of which mention has been made in describing the towns in which they are located- RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Owing to the mountainous and elevated position of the and the proximity to the ocean, the streams are necessarily State, short, with rapid currents, and produce some of the best water power in the country. �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 583 The scenery along many of its river banks is not excelled, for beauty and grandeur, by any river scenery on the globe. The waters of its thousand rivulets find their way to the ocean through different channels, the Connecticut River drains the Androscoggin River the north-eastern portion, north of the White Mountains Saco River the southern portion of the White Mountains, and the eastern part of the State, five viz., western section of the State ; ; as far west and south as the highlands which separate its waters from those of the Merrimack and Piscataqua the Piscataqua the south-eastern section of the State and the Merrimack River which ; ; drains the south-western section of the White Mountains and the whole central portion of New-Hampshire from east to west, to Massachusetts line. A few towns on the coast may have their drainage directly into the ocean. Our knowledge of its are not as perfect as hydraulical resources for moving machinery we would like. appointed by the Governor, in 1872, to as to its Three commissioners were make a survey of the State hydraulic powers, but neglected to attend to their duties was not sufficient to make a and most important resource for the reason that the appropriation satisfactory report of this valuable Ten thousand of the State. dollars could not be better appro- priated than for a thorough survey of the water power of New- Hampshire. The total amount of water power, now improved, is about 69,000 forming reservoirs to retain the water, and By horse power. throwing dams across rivers, and excavating canals, it is said this capacity could be nearly doubled. Ammonoosuc Upper. the south, has its —Upper Ammonoosuc River, coming from source in the northern part of Randolph, and passes north, through Berlin and western part of Milan, thence a westerly direction through Stark and Northumberland, where empties into the Connecticut. in it Its principal tributaries are Phillips River, coming from the north through Odell, western part of Millsfield and Dummer, and joining the Ammonoosuc in Stark; and Nash's Stream, coming from the eastern portion of Columbia and Strafford, and passing berland. into the Its Ammonoosuc whole length is of 150,000 acres or 234 square miles is the northern part of Northum- in about ; fifty miles. and its It waters a basin improved water power about 900 horse power. Ammonoosuc Lower. — Lower Ammonoosuc River has its source �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 584 on the western side of the White Mountains ; thence passing west through the southern portion of Carroll and northern part of Bethlehem to Littleton thence, in a southerly direction, through the ; easterly part of Littleton, the westerly part of Lisbon, diagonally through Bath, and joining the Connecticut near the westerly corner of Haverhill. A considerable stream coming from Lincoln and Franconia passes in a north-westerly direction and joins the Ammonoosuc iu Lisbon. Two miles from its mouth, it receives the Wild Ammonoosuc, coming from the northerly part of Benton through LandafF. The Lower Ammonoosuc is noted for its romantic falls in the vicinity of the White Mountains. It is said to be the wildest and most rapid stream in New-Hampshire, having a fall of over 5,000 feet in its meandering course of about fifty miles. It drains a surface of over 220,000 acres or 344 square miles of territory. Its improved horse water power is about 2,700, with three times that capacity unimproved. Androscoggin River is formed principally from the waters of Uinbagog Lake and Magalloway River which unite about two miles below the lake. The Magalloway, which is its principal tributary, has its source and principal course in Maine, and crosses the State line at Wentworth's Location, thence southerly through the Location and forms the Androscoggin in Erroll. The Magalloway receives the water of Dimond River, coming from the eastern part of Stewartstown, easterly, through Dixville and Dartmouth College Grant, and joining it across the line in Maine. From Errol the Androscoggin flows in a southerly direction through the north-westerly corner of Cambridge, south-easterly corner of'Dummer, easterly part of Milan and Berlin to the centre of Gorham, whence it flows in an easterly direction through Shel- burne into Maine; thence, southerly, about one tide In in a meandering course, easterly and hundred and twenty miles, where it meets the water at Brunswick. its Stream, passage in in Erroll, Peabody River, passes near the this State, is in New-Hampshire it receives the waters of Clear coming from Dixville and Millsfield and Gorham, coming through the White Mountain ; head waters of Ellis River. about sixty miles, and 500,000 acres or 787 square miles. it Its whole course, in drains a territory of about The Androscoggin stream, and at Berlin Falls, in New-Hampshire, is 1,035 is a rapid feet above �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. and the north-west head of Magalloway River Improved power, 700 tide water feet. 585 ; Ashuelot River is one of the most important streams, of is 2,917 its size, Its principal improved water power. source is from ponds in Washington, and flowing thence, in a southwesterly direction, through Marlow, Gilsum, Surry, Keene, Swan- in the State, in point of zey, Winchester, Massachusetts it empties into the Connecticut, at Hinsdale, near Its principal line. branches are a stream coming from Stoddard, through the north-west corner of Nelson, southeast corner of Sullivan and north-west corner of Roxbury, to Keene and one from Dublin, through Marlborough, to South-Keene, Also a stream where it joins the stream coming from Stoddard. comes from Troy, through the south-west corner of MarlboNearly all of these rough, and joins the Ashuelot in Swauzey. ; sources are from ponds which have "been dammed, thus producing aud affording constant water power to the manufactories on the streams below. The length of the river is about forty miles, and it drains a basin of 240,000 acres, or 375 square miles. Its improved horse water power is about 3,600, with much large reservoirs still unimproved. of nearly 1,000 From its source to the Connecticut has a it fall feet. Baker's River is an important stream in Grafton County, and is formed by two branches uniting in Wentworth. The north branch has its source near Moosehillock, in Benton, whence it runs, in a southerly course, through Warren, to Wentworth, receiving in its passage a considerable stream issuing from Baker's Upper Pond, in the east part of Orford. The south branch rises in Orange, thence flowing north through the easterly part of Dorchester, and uniting with the north branch at the easterly part of Wentworth thence it pursues a south-east and easterly course, through the southerly part of Rumney and northerly part of Plymouth, where it forms a ; with the Pemigewasset, just above Plymouth Village. Gen. John Stark was captured by the Indians on this river, in the Captaiu Baker at one time, township of Rumney, April 28, 1752 also, attacked a party of Indians and defeated them at its mouth. juuction (See Plymouth.) It drains a part or the whole of twelve towns, comprising an area of about 150,000 acres, and has an improved horse water power of about 1,250. Back River, or Bellamy Bank, has its rise in Chesley Pond, in �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE^ 586 Barrington, and from a stream coming from Vnv and marshy land These two streams unite hi Madbury, and, after winding through the town the stream thus formed falls into the Pisin the vicinity. cataqua, on the west side of Dover Neck. water power in Dover, where there is It has some valuable a large woolen manufactory, situated about one half mile from the City Hall. principal source in Beaver Pond, in Lonpond it passes south, through Pelham, and the Merrimack, in Dracut, Massachusetts. Its waters Beaver River has donderry. falls into From its this flow from the whole or part of six towns. Bear Camp River has its source from several streams flowing from the south side of the Sandwich and Albany Mountains. It passes through Tamworth in an easterly direction and receives a considerable stream, coming from Albany, in Ossipee, and falls into Ossipee Lake, on its western border. Black Water River. Cold River has corner of Lempster Langdon and (See Contoocook River.) (See Androscoggin River.) Clear River. its source in thence ; Unity, Acworth and south-west passes through the southerly part of it the north-westerly corner of Alstead and mingles with the waters of the Connecticut, in the northerly part of Walpole. It drains a basin of nearly 60,000 acres, and has an improved horse water power of 650. and most important River in Newof soil, and fine and beautiful scenery, the Connecticut valley is not surpassed by any valley in this country. From its mouth nearly to its source its banks, on either side, are dotted with large and substantial farm houses and beautiful cities and villages. Connecticut River England. For is the largest richness Its principal source is and fertility among the highlands in the northern part name, in the Indian language, is said to signify Long River, or as some render it, the River of Pines, and pronounced Quonektacwt. Its general course is north and south, and its western bank forms the boundary line between New-Hampshire and of the State. Vermont ; Its thence it crosses the western part of Massachusetts, passes through the State of Connecticut, nearly in the center, and, after a fall of 1,600 feet from its head, it empties into Long Island Sound in latitude 41° 16', having traversed, by a meandering course, a distance of nearly 450 miles. Before the days of railroads, by means of canals and other im- �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. proveinents, the River was Falls, in the its mouth. made navigable 587 for boats to Fifteen Mile town of Monroe, N. H., being nearly 350 miles from The locks and canals are all going to decay, as rail- roads have supplanted their usefulness. The most considerable rapids in the river, in New-Hampshire, are Bellows' Falls, at Walpole, Queechy, at Plainfield, White River, below Hanover, and Fif- teen Mile Falls. Its principal tributaries, in this State, are Hall's stream at Stew- Upper Ammonoosuc at Northumberland, Israel's, at Lancaster, John's, at Dalton, Lower Ammonoosuc, at Bath, Mascomy, at Lebanon, Sugar and Little Sugar, at (Jlaremont, Cold, at Walpole, and Ashuelut, at Hinsdale. The basin of the Connecticut, in New-Hampshire, is narrow, artstown, extending back from one to four towns, whole of about ninety towns, and it drains part or the having an area of nearly 2,300,000 acres or 3,600 square miles. The water power of the tributaries of the Connecticut is valuable, and the improved For the agricultural facilities of the horse water power is 19,800. in the State, Connecticut valley please see page 403. The total area of the basin of the Connecticut is estimated at 12,000 square miles. Cuntoocook River, a stream of considerable length and importance, waters most of the towns in the west part of Hillsborough It has its rise from severel ponds in Rindge and Jaffrey extreme southern source being near Massachusetts line. It re ceives, in its course north, numerous streams flowing from Sharon, County. its Dublin, Peterborough, Greenfield, Hancock, Deering, Bennington, Antrim, Washington, Stoddard, Windsor, and Hillsborough. In Hillsborough it takes a northeasterly and easterly direction, and passes through Henniker to Hopkinton, where it receives " War- From Hopkinton it pursues a meandering course through Concord, and unites with the Merrimack between Concord and Boscawen, nearly sixty miles north of the The whole line between New-Hampshire and Massachusetts. length of the Contoocook, in its meandering course, is about eighty ner" and "Blackwater" rivers. miles. rise Its itself at tlte its is in Nelson, Harrisville Peterborough. river" has Nuhanusit river, having its and Dublin, and discharging water power is valuable. " Branch most important tributary from ponds Its source from ponds in Stoddard, and passes through northern section of Antrim into Hillsborough, and empties into �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 588 the Contoocook near the line between the latter town and Antrim. Warner river, a considerable stream, becomes a tributary of the Contoocook in Hopkintou, and flows from New London, Sutton, Newbury, Bradford, Warner and Hopkintou. Two miles farther east it receives the waters of the Blackwater, having its source in the towns of Springfield, Wilmot, Daubury and New London, and in its course receives numerous streams flowing from Andover, Salisbury, Webster and Boscawen. The waters which form the Cmtoocook flow from a part or whole of thirty-two different towns, parts of five different counties, and drain a surface of territory comprising an area of nearly 470,000 acres, or 734 square miles. With tributaries its its waters turn about 270 water-wheels, having a horse power of 5^976. one half of its available water power highest source, at Harrisville, to eight hundred its unimproved. is still mouth it Nearly From its has a desceut of over feet. dustin's island. mouth of the Contoocook is Dustin's Island, celebrated where Mrs. Hannah Dustin, in March, 1697, destroyed ten Indians. A fine and expensive granite monument is being erected here to the memory of Mrs. Dustiu aud her valorous deed. Near the as the spot Cocheco Elver takes Durham which in rise its several small streams in unite in Farmington, whence it flows in New an easterly and southerly direction through Rochester, there receiving as a Long pond in Barrington and Bow lake in Strafford thence passing through Dover it joins the Salmon Falls river, the principal branch of the Piscataqua. Its waters come from parts of nine towns, and together with its tributaries, it furnishes some excellent water power, amounting to tributary the Isinglass river flowing from ; about 1,500 improved horse power. — Dead River. See Dimond River. Dimond River has its principal source easterly part of Stewartstown ; Dixville and Dartmoutli College Grant several tributaries, it joins Dead in Dimond pond, in the thence flowing easterly through river ; receiving, in and crosses its Maine passage, line into the Magalloway. Ellis River has its rise on the eastern and southern side of the White Mountains, and, passing southerly through Jackson, it falls into the Saco, in Bartlett. In Jackson it receives several considr �DUSTIN. is to be erected on the island of the Contooeook river, near and in sight of the Northern Railroad, and on the precise spot where the wigwams stood when Mrs. Dustin dealt the death-blows on her cruel captors. The base of the monument is eight by nine feet square, and, including the statue (which is seven feet), is twenty-four feet high. This at the monument month is of solid granite, and ��RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 589 erable tributaries the largest of which is Wildcat river, coming from the mountain passes and near the head waters of Peabody river, running into the Androscoggin. ; Sail's Stream or River rises in the highlands which separate this State from the British dominions, and forms the north-west bound- ary between New-Hampshire and Canada from its source to its junction with the Connecticut, at Stewartstown. Indian Stream in is of the Connecticut limits of the State, Coos county and rises it ; an 1 is the most northerly source highlands near the north-west in the flows in a south-westerly direction till it joins that river in Clarksville. Isinglass River. —See Cocheco River. formed by the waters which descend in cataracts from the summits of Mounts Adams and Jefferson. It flows in a north-westerly direction through Jefferson, and passes into the Connecticut at Lancaster village. This beautiful mountain stream receives its name fro'n Israel Glines, who, with his brother, frequented this region for hunting, long before any settlement in this It furnishes some valuable water power in part of the country. IsraePs River Jefferson is and Lancaster, which is generally improved. pond in the town of Jefferson. Its southerly branch rises in Carroll and unites with the main branch in Whitefield whence it flows through Dalton and into the Connecticut river. Its proximity to steep and high mountains makes it a fearful river in time of freshets, but mild enough in dry weather. Lamprey River is formed by two sources, called the North and South branches, which form a junction in Epping. The source of the North branch is on the north side of Saddleback mountain, in Northwood thence passing westerly around the base John's River has its principal source in Pondicherry ; ; of the mountain into Deerfield ; thence in a southerly direction through Nottingham into the north-east corner of Epping, where it meets the waters of the South branch coming from the northeasterly part of Candia and southerly portion of Deerfield, through Raymond, into the westerly part of Epping, where it receives the waters of Pautuckaway river, flowing from Pautuckaway pond in Nottingham its ; thence it pursues an easterly and northerly course to confluence with the North River branch. takes a northerly course through Lee Durham, where it ; From the junction it thence south-easterly through meets the tide water, at Lamprey River village, �RIVERS IN NEW-IIAMrSHIRE. 590 after a miles, meandering course, from its extreme source, of over thirty and a descent of over 1,000 feet. Its water power is valua- now improved. among the mountains being over 1,500 horse power, ble, Mad River takes its rise in Waterville, thence flowing southerly through the north-westerly part of Sandwich, the south-easterly part of Thornton, into Campton, where it joins the Pemigewasset River. Mascomy (or Mascoma) River has flowing southerly through Canaan, in Enfield ; from thence it its rise in it falls Dorchester, thence into the Mascomy Lake runs a westerly course through Leba- and discharges into the Connecticut, opposite Hartford, Vermont. The water power is valuable before it reaches the lake, which has been dammed, and affords a fine reservoir for manufactories along the river from the outlet of the lake. Its course is about twenty-five miles, and it waters a territory of over 100,000 acres. From its source to its mouth, it has a fall of over 600 feet, and an improved horse water power of 2,743. non, Magalloway River. See Androscoggin River. Merrimack River. This is one of the most important New England, and it is said that it, together with its rivers in tributaries, It is turns more machinery than any river in the world. formed by the junction of the Pemigewasset and Winnipiseogee rivers, at Franklin. The Pemigewasset has its source in the White and Franconia Mountains, and towns of Lincoln, Holderness, Ashland, Sanbornton, to passes through, cr borders the Woodstock, Thornton, Campton, Plymouth, New Hampton, Franklin. Its Bridgewater, Bristol, Hill, most important tributaries are Ba- Mad, Newfound, Squam, and Smith's Rivers. It drains the whole or part of thirty-three towns, covering an area of over 632, ker's, 000 acres, or nearly gee River is one thousand square miles. the outlet to Winnipiseogee Lake. The WinnipiseoIt flows (and is the dividing line) between Laconia and Gilford, and passes into Lake Winnisquam; from thence between Tilton and Belmont, and through the north-east corner of Northfield, and Southern part of Tilton, to Franklin. It waters part or the whole of sixteen towns, and, together with the lake, drains a territory of nearly 360,000 acres, or 562 square miles. the Pemigewasset it From the lake to its confluence with has a rapid descent of about 232 feet, some of the best and most permanent water power Hampshire. nishes and in fur- New- �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. From Franklin the 5<Jl Merrimack runs through or touches the towns of Northfield, Boscawen, Canterbury, Concord, Bow, Pembroke, Hooksett, Gofistown, Manchester, Bedford, Londonderry, Merrimack, Litchfield, Hudson and Nashua, to Massachusetts seventy-eight miles; thence, in a north-easterly course, thirtyfive miles, to the Atlantic, at Newburyport. line, principal tributaries, in Its which discharges its New-Hampshire, are Contoocook, waters on the north line of Concord between Concord and Pembroke ; Soucook, Turkey River, in Bow Suncook, Piscataquog, in Manchester the Souhegan in Merat Pembroke rimack and the Nashua, at Nashua. The large- basin of this river extends from the gorges of the white and Franconia Mountains, on the north, through the centre of the State, to its southerly boundary, and reaches nearly to the eastern and western limits of the State. It drains, in New-Hamp; ; ; ; ; about 2,293,000 acres, or 3,582 square miles, the waters com- shire, As it has been said, abundantly with fertile ing from a part or the whole of 130 towns. while nature has not endowed this basin and precious minerals, she has lifted its surface into succesand in places, into lofty peaks, which condense the vapor of the atmosphere into clouds, and cause them to yield frequent and copious showers. These numerous hills with their interlying valleys, and broad lakes, elevated above the ocean, are the gatherers and dispensers, continuously, of unmeasured powers which the skill of man may put in place of animal strength and muscle, and make subservient to the comfort and wealth of the community. soils sions of hills, The utilized -water amounts basin is power of the Merrimack and its tributaries and although the area of this to over 37,500 horse power, only a little over one third of the State, it contains over Not any more than one half of the available water power is now used. There are fine privileges on the Merrimack, at Hooksett, Garven's Falls, between Bow and Pembroke, and Sewell's Falls, in Concord Babboosuc Falls, on the Souhegan, in the town of Merrimack in Hillsborough and Henniker, on the Contoocook at Franklin, Northfield, Tilton, and Gilford, on the Winnipiseogee, besides many other powers, on its various tributaries, too numerous to mention. There are, on the banks of this beautiful river, the cities of Concord, Manchester, and Nashua, in New-Hampshire, and 170,000 inhabitants, or over one half its population. ; ; ; �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 592 Lowell, Lawrence, Haverhill, and Newburyport in Massachusetts, containing, in the aggregate, a population of 141,849. Mohawk River has its source in the mountains in Dixville, pass- through Colebrook and es west, land bordering this river is falls into noted for The the Counecticut. its fertility. Moose River has its rise on the north side of the White Mounnear the town of Randolph, through which it passes, and tains, joins the Androscoggin, in Shelburn. Nashua River has its source in Massachusetts, whence ders in a south-easterly direction, thence it mean- it takes a northern course and passes into New-Hampshire, at Hollis, and, thence, through Nashua, into the Merrimack. Its water power is valuable, at Nashua, and is generally improved. Nash's River thence flowing south, through the rises in Odell, western section of Stratford, it passes into Northumberland, Upper Ammonoosuc. New Found River is the outlet of New Found Lake, and falls into and the a passage of two miles, into the falls after Pemigewasset, in Bristol. Some of the best water power in the State, is on this river. Nubanusit River, or Goose Brook, has its source in a pond located in the west part of Hancock and eastern section of Nelson from thence it flows in a southerly and easterly direction, through ; several ponds, which have been At sive dams. risville (over made large reservoirs, by expen- the outlet of the last pond, in the village of Har- twelve hundred feet above tide water), have been erected four large woolen mills, capable of doing a business of over $750,000 annually. From Harrisville, the river pursues a south-easterly course, to Peterborough Village, where the Contoocook, Nearly all feet, in it falls into nine miles. the manufactories in Peterborough, are on this stream, which never in this making a descent of over 500 a drought. fails in Probably no stream, of its country (which can be utilized for machinery), has as valuable and permanent water power, as this river, from its size, much conflu- ence, to Harrisville. Oliver ian River is formed of two branches both having their source in the town of Benton ; the east branch from the west side of Moosehillock Mountain, and the north branch from Owl's Mountain. Head These branches unite near the east line of Haverhill, and thence the main stream passes through the south part of the town and falls into the Connecticut. �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Oyster River has its after running nearly 593 source in Wheelwright's Pond, in Lee; whole course through Durham, its it and meets the tide water at Durham village, and joins the Piscataqua, near Piscataqua Bridge. At high tides, vessels of considerable burthen can come up to Durham village. There'are some very good mill-sites on this river. Ossipee River has its rise in Ossipee Lake, and flows east between Effingham and Freedom, passes with Saco River. Peabody River. A large in Maine and forms a junction (See Androscoggin River.) Peqwaivket River, an Indian two ponds into name of a small river flowing from Eaton, north into Conway, where it joins the Saco. tract of territory in the vicinity of this river, Peqwawket many years Pemigewassct River. (See Phillip's River. w^a called ago. (See Merrimack River.) Upper A^tnmonoosuc.) Piscataqua River the only large river whose entire course (after it receives its name) New-Hampshire, is formed by the juncand deep bed, hollowed out and partly by the flow of the tide. in is tion of several smaller rivers in a wide partly by these rivers The names of these streams, beginning at the north-east, are Salmon Falls, Cocheco, Bellamy Bank, Oyster, Lamprey, Squamscot, and Winnicut Rivers. The five last unite their waters in a The waters of this large bay between Durham and Greenland. bay, meet those of Salmon Falls and Cocheco at Hilton's Point, a few miles below Dover, and after line this junction, proceed in a direct about ten miles to the Ocean, three miles below Portsmouth. Few rivers in their passage of ten miles, cent appearance. strong current, so The much river so, is make a more magnifi- broad, very deep and moves with a that in this frigid zone, it seldom freezes banks on either side are moderately high and spread over with fertile farms and dotted with beautiful farm houses and other buildings. At Portsmouth, it affords one of the best harbors over. Its on the Continent. With its tributaries, it drains a territory, in this State, of nearly 500,000 acres, comprising a part or whole of forty- one towns, in four different counties. Its whole water drainage, including the portion drained in the State of Maine, is over 000,000 acres. Its improved water power is very valuable, amounting to 9,600 horse power. Piscataquog River has its principal source in the southern part of �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 594 Henniker and north-westerly part of Deering, whence it passes eastand southerly, through Weare, into Gotfstown, where it receives a considerable tributary coming from Lyndeborough and Frances- erly New Boston thence it pursues a south-easterly and joins the Merrimack in the south-westerly part of Man- town, through course, ; chester, at a point formerly called Piscataquog village. and id stream, Powow River It is a rap- some valuable water power. affords takes its principal source Great and County in ponds, in Kingston, and passes over the south-west part of East Kingston into South Hampton, thence into Amesbury, Massachusetts, and falls into the Merrimack betweeeu Salisbury and AmesIt furnishes bury. Red some valuable water power at Amesbury Mills. its source in a pond in the town of Sandwich, Hill River has thence running southerly it falls into the Winnipiseogee lake, in Moultonborough. Saco River ranks as one of the hfrgest in New-England, but its rapid descent from the Mountains to the Ocean, renders it not navigable to any extent. Mountains It springs from three sources in the White the branch issuing from the south-west side of the ; mountains, near the old Crawford House, and passing through the notch, is House, Next considered the main stream. to The Saco at the Crawford nearly 1,903 feet above tide water at Biddeford, Maine. is this is branch called the middle or Ellis' branch (or Saco) in Bartlett to the western part of aud passes discharges Rocky Branch, and beyond ; thence it Conway, thence the pursues a southerly course easterly through into Maine, thence south-easterly its is These two branches join the main River. the towu, through Maine, and waters into Saco Bay, after a course of 1GU miles. It coming from Waterville, through Alliany to Conway, and Ossipee River, flowing from Ossipee Lake nto Maine, near Hiram. As it passes out of the State, it is from receives the waters of Swift River, ten to twelve rods wide, with rush of waters a rapid down the mountain cm rent. Owing time of heavy rain known to rise thirty feet in Storms this river, in Conway, has been twenty-four hours. il i\\- It drains to the rapid steeps, in a basin of nearly oS0,000 acres, which from the whole or part of fifteen towns and locations. Smith's River rises from several ponds in Grafton and Orange; thence pursuing an easterly course through Danbury, the southern part of Alexandria and passes into the Pemigewasset, between Bristol and Hill. �RIVERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 505 Salmon Falls or Newichawannock River, the principal branch its rise in ponds in Wakefield, and forms the eastern boundary of New-Hampshire, from the north-east corner of the Piscataqua, takes of Milton to its confluence with the Piscataqua, at Hilton's Point. on the towns of Milton, Farmington, Rochester, Somersworth, Rollinsfbrd and Dover. Its waters flow from the whole or It borders part of twelve towns, in New-Hampshire, and Some over 130,000 acres. ments it drains a surface of of the largest manufacturing establish- in the State are located on this river, which has an improved horse water power of over 4,200. Soucook River has its erly part of Gilmanton, source in three ponds, lying in the south- whence it flows, in a southerly course, through Loudon, receiving several branches, and forms the boundary line between Concord and Pembroke, falling into the Merrimack River below Garvin's Falls. Souhegan River has its principal source from a pond in Ashburnham, Massachusetts thence it passes through Ashby into New ; Ipswich, through the north-west corner of Greenville, in a northerly course, thence in an easterly course, through Wilton, Milford, Amherst, and Merrimack, falling into the Merrimack River. Babboosuc Brook, flowing from a pond of the same name in Amherst, becomes a tributary, in Merrimack. It drains a part or the whole of eleven towns, comprising an area of about 150,000 acres, having an improved water power of 2,300. (See Merrimack.) Spiggot River takes its rise in Hampstead, and the south-east part of Derry, whence it flows southerly, through Salem and Methuen, Massachusetts, and joins the Merrimack in the city of Lawrence. Squamscot River. Suncook River (See Exeter.) a pond between Gilford and Gilmanton, near the summit of one of the Suncook Mountains, elevated 900 feet above its base. The water from this pond, passes through two rises in others at the foot of the mountains, thence it flows a southerly course, through the north easterly part of Gilmanton, to Barnstead Center ; thence westerly, through Pittsfield, edge of Chichester, Epsom, and between the towns of Allenstown and Pembroke, and falls into the Merrimack, near Suncook village. It is about thirty miles in length, and its waters flow from thirteen towns, and drain a surface of over 130,000 acres. Its improved water power is about Little Suncook has its source in Northwood and Deerfield, 2,975. from seven ponds and flows west, through Epsom, into the Suncook. �QUADRUPEDS, BIRDS AND FISHES. 596 Sugar River. Sunapee Lake is the principal source of Sugar Flowing from the Lake, in a westerly direction, through Sunapee into Newport, it receives the waters of the South Branch, thence flowing in a coming from Lempster, Goshen, and Unity northerly direction, by the course of the river, about three miles, it unites with the North Branch, having its source in the towns of Springfield, Grantham and Croydon thence turning and running River. ; ; westerly thirteen miles, through into the Connecticut. From Newport and Claremont, it empties the lake to the Connecticut, by the meandering course of the river, is about twenty-five miles, with a The Sugar, with its tributaries, turns over 120 fall of over 500 feet. water wheels, and has an improved horse water power, of nearly any more than half of its power improved. With its water power is considered as permavaluable, in proportion to its size, as that of any river 3,000, with not the reservoir of the lake, nent and as in the State. It drains a surface of over 180,000 acres, and its waters flow from part or the whole of twelve towns. Sugar, (See town of Charlestown.) Little. Stvift River. (See Saco Paver.) Warner River. (See Contoocook River.) Winnipiseogee River. (See Merrimack.) QUADRUPEDS, BIRDS AND FISHES. "When our forefathers first commenced to settle this State, the abounded with numerous wild animals, both large and small, of which the black and brown bear, catamount, wild-cat and large grey wolf were the most ferocious. With the exception, occasionforests ally, of a straggling wild cat none of these animals are in the southern portion of the State heavy ; but the bears still now found hold pos- mountain ranges, reaching from the Ossipce Mountains north to Canada line, and appear Bordering these heavy forests, quite as plenty as forty years ago. the farmers find it not very lucrative business to raise sheep, by session of the tracts of forests of the reason of bears devouring parts of their flocks and scattering the remainder. A few wolves still wander through the extreme north- ern section of the State. In the early settlement, the moose and red deer were quite plenty �QUADRUPEDS, BIRDS AND FISHES. The moose are now found, in all sections of the State. Umbagog Lake, and numbers, north of The beaver and gions. otter so, around ponds isolated from settlements. still quite as pleuty as The roost. — the former re- are only a few being found The mink, ferret and red convenient for the farmer's hen- raccoon, muskrat, wood-chuck, grey, red, flying, and striped squirrel, polecat and rabbit The porcupine the State. is in small deer in the mountain were once numerous extinct; while the latter are nearly fox are 597 still abound in all sections of found in the northern portion of the State in indeciduous tracts of forests. The raccoon and squirrels generally have their haunts near human habitations, to feast upon is the farmers' cornfields and apple orchards while the woodchuck and plucks the young clover and tender vegetables of the farm and garden. The eagle, hawk, red and cat owl are the principal birds of prey, and- the husbandman's chicks and lambs frequently serve them for a dinner, or a midnight meal. The crow, blue jay and chickadee are omniverous birds, and many of them stay here through the winter. Many species of ducks swarm our lakes, ponds and rivers through the summer. The loon usually stays near the ocean, but burrows in the in the summer fields and ; pastures, way to ponds inland eighty The night-hawk and whippoorwill can be almost any summer evening. The song of frequently find their miles from the sea coast. heard, in the country, the whippoorwill is hardly ever heard in the Partridges and pigeons are the State. but the quail are not as common. and many are killed every season. still northern counties of plenty in the forests, Woodcock and snipe abound, Various kinds of woodpeckers still numerous. Like some of the denizens in our large cities, who visit our mountains, lakes and streams every season, for recreation and health, the robin, bobolink, sparrow, brown thrush and wood thrush, black- are and many other species make their annual and orchards, and make our wood and mountaiu bird, pewit, blue bird visits to dells our fields resound with their sweet, melodious songs, to gladden the heart of every lover of nature. Our lakes, ponds and streams are still well stored with many pond perch, horn-pouts, dace and barvel The mountain ponds and (or suckers) are the most numerous. abound with trout, and millions are annually caught streams still Much attention has to serve the tables of the mountain hotels. kinds of fish. Pickerel, �INDIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 598 to stock our ponds and rivers Dams, thrown across our large rivers been given, for the past few years, with black bass and salmon. leading to the ocean, have obstructed the passage of ocean fish up who annually go to deposit their spawn. Fish ways the streams, so as to enable the salmon, shad, etc., to again have been arranged make their annual visits to the source of our rivers, and hoped that ere long our streams salmon and shad. will once to it is be more swarm with the INDIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. At the time the first settlements were commenced at Portsmouth, in 1623, the estimated number of Indians, then living within the present limits of New-Hampshire, was 5,000. small A tribe was planted in the vicinity of Exeter named Rowls, near Dover ; another, under a chief, and a third, the Piscataquas, on -the banks of the river of that name. The Ossipees lived on the north; east side of Winnipiseogee, and around Ossipee Lake, and the Pe- quawkets, on the upper branches of the Saco River. The large Penacooks occupied the lands on the Merrimack, making Concord and Amoskeag their chief places of resort. There tribe of the wnc several small tribes, or large communities, which belonged to the Penacooks, but river, At < this time, all ks, or these up and down the lived in various localities, from Pawtucket Falls, at Lowell, to Winnipiseogee Lake. the above tribes were subservient to the Pena- their chief limits, for The sachem, Passaconaway. protection against the Mohawks tribes within of New-York, formed themselves into a confederacy, distinguished by the name' of Pawtuckets, of which Passaconaway was the chief head. In the Connecticut River valley, there were some small tribes, whose names were unknown, with the exception of the Coos Indians, whose hunting grounds extended over a large portion of Grafion and Coos counties. These tribes, for over fifty years, tained peaceful relations with the early settlers quietly passed roamed in away; and all ; the evidence that ever the red the valley of the Connecticut, is main- but they have all men shown by the farmer's plow turning out portions of their bones, or arrow heads, stone pestles, and hatchets. King Philip's war commenced serious trouble the settlers ever in June, 1675, and was the first had with the Indians. With the �INDIANS IN NEW-nAMPSHIRE. 599 exception of the short Pequot "War in Connecticut, the colonists had lived with them half a century in profound peace. In the minds of the Indians, suspicions and jealousies began to operate they saw the English settlements extending on every side their own hunting grounds were narrowed and they began to be apprehensive they might be eventually dispossessed. Philip, sachem of ; ; the Wampanoags, who resided at Mount Hope, in Khode Island, an ambitious, shrewd, and bold man, was the most active instigator of the impending war. Though Belknap supposes he was hur ried into his is own rather by the rash ardor of his young warriors than by it preponderance of historical evidence inclinations, yet the certainly on the side of the former opinion. fluence, not only in his New own tribe, England, he resolved to deemed He intruders. but free his among Possessing great inall the Indians in whom country from those he and had sent his runners in all directions, the address to engage in the enterprise most of the tribes in the region. who The Penacooks, on resisted his. solicitations the Merrimack, were the only tribe — their sachem, Wonolanset, not hav- ing forgotten the charge of his father, Passaconaway, now dead, to cultivate the friendship of the white men. The Ossipees, in Strafford County, and the Pequawkets, on the Saco River, both included in the name of Northern Indians, ardently engaged in the hostile confederacy. Of the Eastern Indians, as those of Maine were called, almost the whole body came into the plan with readiness, and, as truth compels us to add, not without serious provocation, as, not long before, the wife of Squan- Pequawket sachem, was passing on Saco River, with her infant child in her frail bark canoe, some rude sailors, who had heard that Indian children could swim as naturally as the young of brutes, met her and wantonly overset her canoe. The child sunk the mother instantly dived and recovered it but the do, a noted ; ; child dying soon after, not only Squando, but the Indians in general, ascribed its death to this brutal treatment. Their discontents were inflamed by other provocations received from the eastern some of whom set- must be acknowledged, were unprincipled men. Philip engaged as his allies most of the tribes in MassachuAn artful plan to enlist the Mohawks in setts and Rhode Island. the war proved not only abortive but pernicious to himself. He had murdered, it has been said, some of this tribe and left their bodies unburied in the woods, imagining their brethren would astlers, it �INDIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 600 cribe the deed to the English, eracy against them and be provoked to join the confed- but one of the number, who had been ; left for dead, unexpectedly recovered, and disclosed to his countrymen the perfidy of Philip —a circumstance which made them his implaca- ble enemies. For some time had the colonists been apprehensive of hostile de- signs on the part of the Indians. by Their suspicions were confirmed Sansaman, a Christian Indian, the following occurence. whom Philip suspected of giving intelligence of his plots to the English, was murdered at his instigation, and his This act was considered as equivalent But the body thrown to of this Suite did not suffer as first settlers into a pond. a declaration of war. much as in wars brought on by the French and Canada Indians, years afterwards. the Merrimack were the Nashuas occupying the Nashua and the intervals upon the Merrimack, oppomouth of the river, and for some distance along its banks. The Tribes on lands on the site the The Souhegans, lived on the Souhegan, occupying the rich inter- and below the mouth of the SouheThese Indians were often called Natacooks or Nacooks, meaning a clearing, as much of their lands was clea ed. The Namoskeags lived near the falls of the Merrimack, now called Amoskeag, at the city of Manchester. vals on the Merrimack, above gan. The Penacooks occupied the rich intervals on the Merrimack, Penacook,* now including Bow, Boscawen, and Concord. The Winnipesaukies occupied the land in the vicinity of the Lake of that name. The Weares, at the outlet of the Lake, was a noted fishing place at for the Indians, thence the The cooks, name. four tribes above mentioned, were subservient to the Penna- who by living upon fertile soil, and long under control of a became the wise chief (Passaconnaway,) were more intelligent, and head of a powerful confederacy. The Falls, from the mouth of the Souhegan, to the mouth of the Contoocook, proved great fishing grounds for the Indians, at the right season of the year. The Namoskeag doubtless more Falls, were far the best for securing fish, fish were caught here, than at north of the Pawtucket * Tin- word wae formerly fall, spelt all and the other falls at Lowell. Pennacook, but, at tli»> present time, it is usually spolt �INDIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 601 1 PENACOOK INDIANS. The Penacook Indians, as a tribe, always kept good faith with Passaconaway was the first Sagamore of whom had any account. The Wheelwright purchase of land, between the Piscataqua and Merrimack rivers, it is said, was conveyed, and the deed signed by him. If that be the fact, he was a chief Sagamore of all the tribes in this section of New England as early as 1629. By Hubbard's narrative, he made his farewell speech to his children and people in 1660, and advised them to keep good faith with the English.* Wonolanset succeeded his father, and observed his dying advice The Penacooks were a warlike tribe, and set in their notions, and strenuously opposed to the introduction of Christianity among them, and obstinately refused to pray to God after the manner of the White Christians. Before 1670, a party of the Penacooks went down the river and built a fort at Pawtucket Falls, MassaThey also erected a fort on the east side of the Meirichusetts. the early settlers. the English mack, on Sugar Ball heights, The in Concord. following interesting lines are part of a beautiful poem, written and delivered by Mrs. Abba Woolsou, at the dedication of the Board of Trade Rooms, in Concord, Oct. 20, 1873, which related to the Penacook tribe ; Passaconaway, their chief; the Mo- hawks, their deadly foe; Mrs. Dustm's heroic deed, on Dustin's Island, at the mouth of the Contoocook River, and the Bradley Monument. What in March, 1697, haunts beloved stretch beyond! The sedgy shores of Horseshoe Pond, And Wattanummun's sluggish brook, Where once the savage Penacook Took deadly aim at beast and bird, And all the silent valley heard His whizzing arrow, where to-day Whistles the engine on its way. How proudly in this woodland shade Dwelt the wise chief his tribe obeyed, How r gaily by the river's side A sachem wed their royal bride, No later muse shall dare rehearse, It lives in Whittier's classic verse. * It is stated, in history, that at the time of his death. Passaconaway was about one hundred and twenty years of age �INDIANS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 60? « Not always thus with rousing cheer Of feast and bridal passed their year! Foes sought the vale of Penacook, there within the sheltered nook Sugar-Ball, thick arrows sped, And hostile Mohawks scalped their dead. And Of No terms of half-forgotten lore Were these sweet Indian names of yore To men who built our meadow-town, With dusky faces looking down From wooded heights, to matron's pale Who spied the savage in the vale, And trembled On lest the moon homesteads blazing In vain their should rise to the skies. fears, that shaft will tell Whose granite shows us where they fell And yonder isle that bears the name Of her who to its margin came A pale-faced captive, nerving there Her valiant soul to do and dare The utmost, if its fearful cost Might give once more her loved and lost. There by the stream whose waters flow As when she heard them long ago, Listening in terror for a sound From startled warriors, while the ground Echoed each foot-fall, and her breath Seemed warning them of coming death, There may her sculptured statue rise, Bearing its witness to the skies, That courage knows no narrow ban But brave endeavors to be free Strong arms ami stronger will should be Honored in woman as in man. [The following beautiful poem was written for, and read on the occa- commemoration of the Bi-Centennial Settlement of the of New-Hampshire, by the New-Hampshire Historical Society, at sion of the State the State Capitol, Concord, May 22, 1873.] �NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 603 NEW-HAMPSHIRE. EDNA DEAN PROCTOR. "A goodly realm!" said Captain Smith, Scanning the coast by the Isles of Shoals, While the wind blew fair, as in Indian myth Blows the breeze from the Land of Souls Blew from the marshes of Hampton spread Level and green that summer day, And over the brow of Great Boar's Head, From the pines that stretched to the west away; And sunset died on the rippling sea, Ere to the south, with the wind, sailed he. But he told the story in London streets, And again to court and Prince and king. "A truce," The north men is cried " to Virginia heats ; the land of hope and spring!" And in sixteen hundred and twenty-three, For Dover meadows and Portsmouth river, Bold and earnest they crossed the sea, And the realm was theirs and ours forever! Up from the floods of Piscataqua, Slowly, slowly they made their way Back to the Merrimack's eager tide, Poured through its meadows rich and wide; And the river that runs like a joyous brook Monadnock's darling, the Contoocook; And westward turned for the warmer gales And And the wealth of Connecticut's intervales; Winnipesaukee's tranquil sea, in hills and bright with isles Where the alder grows and the dark pine tree, And the tired wind sleeps and the sunlight smiles Up and on to the mountains piled, Peak o'er peak, in the northern air, Home of streams and of winds that wild Torrent and tempest vale-ward bear, Where the Great Stone Face looms changeless, calm As the Sphinx that couches on Egypt's sands, And the fir and the sassafras yield their balm to Bosomed Sweet as the odors of Morning lands. Where While And the eagle floats in the his comrade clouds the waters fill summer noon, drift, silent, by, with a mystic tune The fane the difts have built to the sky! And, beyond, to the woods where the huge moose browsed, And the dun deer drank at the rill unroused �NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 604 By hound or horn, anrl the partridge brood Was alone in the leafy solitude And the lake where the beaver housed her young, And the loon's shrill cry from the border rung, The Lake whence the Beauteous River flows, by Canadian snows. What were the Labors of Hercules To the toils of Heroes such as these? Guarding their homes from Savage foes Cruel as fiends in craft and scorn Felling the forest with mighty blows; Planting the meadow plots with corn Hunting the hungry wolf to his lair Trapping the panther and prowling bear; Bridging the river; building the mill Where the stream had leapt at its frolic will Rearing, in faith, by sorrow tried, The church and the school-house, side by side Fighting the French on the long frontier, From Louisburg, set in the sea's domains, To proud Quebec and the woods that hear Its fountains fed Ohio glide to the sunset plains; And when rest Risking their and comfort they yearned to all to see, be nobly free Honor and love for the valiant dead! With reverent breath let their names be read, Hiltons, Pepperels, Sullivans, Weares, Broad is the scroll the list that bears Of men As ever and brave, and true knew, And women of pure and glowing lives, Meet to be hei-oes' mothers and wives! For not alone for the golden maize, And the fishers' spoils from the teeming bays, And the treasures of forest, and hill, and mine They gave their barks to the stormy brine, as ardent, land, in its peril, Liberty, Learning, righteous Shone Of the in the vision they Age Law dimly saw come and the Land to be Heaven, fervently They labored and longed through the dawning gray For tin' blessed break of that larger day! to And. looking When Came to the wail of Harvard in sore distress to their ears through the wilderness, Harvard, the hope of the Colonies twain Planted with prayers by the lonely mainIt was loyal, struggling, Portsmouth town �NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 605 That sent this gracious message down " Wishing our gratitude to prove, And the country and General Court to move For the infant College beset with fears, (Its loss an omen of ill would be!) We promise to pay it, for seven years, Sixty pounds sterling, an annual sum, Trusting that fuller aid will come, And the Court and the country heard their plea, And the sapling grew to the wide-bowed tree. And when a century had fled, And the war for freedom thrilled with dread Yet welcome summons every home, By the lire-lit hearth, 'neath the starry dome, 1 ' They vowed that never their love should wane For the holy cause they burned to gain, Till right should rule, and the strife be done! List to the generous deed of one In the Revolution's darkest days The Legislature at Exeter met; Money and men they fain would raise, And despair on every face was set As news of the army's need was read Then, in the hush, John Langdon said " Three thousand dollars have I in gold; For as much I will pledge the plate I hold; Eighty casks of Tobago rum All is the country's. The time will come, If we conquer, when amply the debt she'll pay If we fail, our property's worthless." A ray Of hope cheered the gloom, while the Governor said " For a regiment now, with Stark at its head!" And the boon we gained through the noble lender Was the Bennington Day and Burgoyne's Surrender!" : ; and weary quest, Hid in their hallowed graves they rest; Nor the voice of love, nor the cannon's roar Wins them to field or fireside more Did the glory go from the hills with them? Conflict over Nay And ! for the sons are true to the sires gems they have set in our diadem Burn with as rare and brilliant tires And the woodland streams and the mountain Sing of the father's fame with theirs! One, in the shadow of lone Kearsarge the Nurtured Of for power, like the fabled charge the Gods, by Pelion's woody marge ; airs �606 NEW-HAMPSHIRE. So lofty his eloquence, stately his mien, That could lie have walked the Olympian plain The worshiping, wondering crowds had seen Jove descend o'er the feast to reign! And One, with a brow as Balder's fair, And his life the grandeur of love and peace; Easing the burdens the race must bear, Toiling for good he might not share, Till his white soul found its glad release! And one— a tall Corinthian column, Of the Temple of Justice prop and pride The judge unstained, the patriot tried, Gone to the bar supernal, solemn, Nor left his peer by Themis side Ah! when the Old World counts her Kings, 1 And from splendor of castle and palace brings The dainty Lords her Monarchies mould, We'll turn to the hills and say, " Behold Webster, and Greeley, and Chase, for three Princes of our Democracy!" Land of the cliff, the stream, the pine, Blessing and honor and peace be thine! Still may thy giant mountains rise, Lifting their snows to the blue of June, And the south wind breathe its tenderest sighs Over thy fields in the harvest moon And the river of rivers, Merrimack, Whose current never shall faint nor lack ! While the lakes and the crystal springs remain, Welcome the myriad brooks and rills Winding through meadows, leaping from hills To brim That its thrill banks and fly waiting wheels dash and roar for the to its Till the rocks are passed, Over its tide and the sea-fog steals by Newbury's shore! For the river of rivers is Merrimack, Whether it foams with the mountain rain. Or toils in the mill race, deep and black, Or, conqueror, rolls to the ocean plain! And still may the hill, the vale, the glen, Give thee the might of heroic men, And the grace of women pure and fair As the Mayflower's bloom when the woods are bare; And Truth and Freedom aye find in thee Their surest warrant of victory! Land of fame and of high endeavor, Strength and glory be thine forever �CONSTITUTION OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE. CHAPTER VIII. New-Hampshire Congressional, Councilor, and Senatorial and Legislative Officers Governor vote of the State in 1872 and 1873; Governors of New-Hampshire since 1680; Justices of the higher Courts of New-Hampshire, since 1776; Wheelwright Deeds; Cities and Towns in the United States of 6,000 inhabitants and upwards. Constitution Districts - 607 ; of ; State ; CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Tlie Constitution of Neiv-Hampshire, as altered and amended by a convention of delegates held at Concord, in said State, by adjournment, on the second Wednesday of February, 1792. PART FIRST. BILL OF RIGHTS. Article 1. All men are born equally free and independent; theregovernment of right originates from the people, is founded in fore, all consent, and instituted for the general good. Art. 2. All men have certain natural, essential and inherent rights; among which are the enjoying and defending lift* and liberty acquiring, possessing and protecting property and, in a word, of seeking and obtaining happiness. Art. 3. When men enter into a state of society they surrender some of their natural rights to that society, in order to insure the protection of others; and without such an equivalent the surrender is void. Art, 4. Among the natural rights, some are in their very nature unalienable, because no equivalent can be given or received for them. Of this kind are the rights of conscience. Art. 5. Every individual has a natural and unalienable right to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience and reason and no subject shall be hurt, molested or restrained in his person, liberty or estate, for worshipping God in the manner and season most agreeable to the dictates of his own conscience, or for his religious profession, sentiments or pei-suasion provided he doth not disturb the public peace, or disturb others in their religious worship. Art. 6. As morality and piety, rightly grounded on evangelical prin-' ciples, will give the best and greatest security to government, and will lay in the hearts of men the strongest obligations to due subjection; and as the knowledge of these is most likely to he propagated through a society by the institution of the public worship of the Deity, and of — — ; ; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 608 public instruction in morality and religion therefore, to promote those important purposes, the people of this State have a right to empower, and do hereby fully empower, the Legislature to authorize^ from time to time, the several towns, parishes, bodies corporate, or religious societies within this Slate, to make adequate provision, at their own expense, for the support ami maintenance of public, protestant teachers of piety, religion and morality: Provided, notwithstanding, That the several towns, parishes, bodies corporate, or religious societies, shall at, all times have the exclusive right of electing their own public teachers, and of contracting with them for their support and maintenance. And no person, of any one particular religious sect or denomination, shall ever be compelled to pay towards the support of the teacher or teachers of another persuasion, sect, or denomination. And every denomination of Christians, demeaning themselves quietly, and as good subjects of the State, shall be equally under the protection of the law and no subordination of any one sect or denomination to another shall ever be established by law. And nothing herein shall be understood to affect any former contracts made for the support of the ministry but all such contracts shall remain and be in the same state as if this constitution had not been made. Akt. 7. The people of tins State have the sole and exclusive right of governing themselves as a free, sovereign and independent State, and do, and forever hereafter shall exercise and enjoy every power, jurisdiction and right pertaining thereto, which is not or may not hereafter be by them expressly delegated to the United States of America, in ; ; ; Congress assembled. Akt. 8. All power residing originally in, and being derived from the people, all the magistrates and officers of government are their substitutes and agents, and at all times accountable to them. Art. 9. Jfo office or place whatsoever in government shall be hereditary the abilities and integrity requisite in all not being transmissible to posterity or relations. Akt. 10. Government being instituted for the common benefit, protection and security of the whole community, and not for the private interest or emolument of any one man, family or class of men therefore, whenever the ends of government are perverted, and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress are ineffectual, the people may. and of right ought to, reform the old or establish a. new government. The doctrine <>f non-resistance against arbitrary power and oppression is absurb, slavish, and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind. Akt. 11. All elections ought to be free, and every inhabitant of the State, having the proper qualifications, has equal right to elect and be elected into office. Akt. 12. Every member of the community has a right to be protected by it in the enjoyment of his life, liberty, and property. He is therefore bound to contribute hi- -hare in the expense of such protection, and to yield his personal service when necessary, or an equivalent. Bui no part of a man's property shall be taken from him or applied to public OSes, without his own consent, or thai of the representative body of the people. Nor are the inhabitants of this State controllable by any other laws than those to which they, or their representative body, have given — ; their euii sent, ART. 1.'!. No person who is conscientiously scrupulous about the lawfulness of hearing arms, shall he compelled thereto, provided he will pa\ an equivalent. Art. 14. Every subject of this State is entitled to a certain remedy, by having recourse to the laws for all injuries he may receive in his person, property or character, to obtain right and justice freely, without �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 609 being obliged to purchase it; completely, and without any denial; promptly, and without any delay; conformably to the laws. AitT. 15. No subject shall be held to answer for any crime or offense until the same is fully and plainly, substantially and formally described to him; or be compelled to accuse or furnish evidence against himself. And every subject shall have a right to product; all proofs that may 1x3 favorable to himself; to meet the witnesses against him face to race, and to be fully heard in his defense by himself and counsel. And no subject shall be arrested, imprisoned, despoiled, or deprived of his property, immunities or privileges, put out of the protection of the law, exiled or deprived of his life, liberty or estate, but by the judgment of law of the land. subject shall be liable to be tried, after an acqnital, for the same crime or offense. Nor shall the Legislature make any law that shall subject any person to a capital punishment (excepting for the government of the army and navy, and militia in actual service) without trial by jury. Art. 17. In criminal prosecutions, the trial of the facts in the vicinity where they happen is so essential to the security of the life, liberty and estate of the citizen, that no crime or offense ought to be tried in any other county than that in which it is committed; except, in cases of general insurrection in any particular county, when it shall appear to the judge of the superior court that an impartial trial can not be had in the county where the offense may* be committed, and upon their report, the Legislature shall think proper to direct the trial in the nearest county in which an impartial trial can be obtained. Art. 18. All penalties ought to be proportioned to the nature of the offense. No wise Legislature will affix the same punishment to the crimes of theft, forgery, and the like, which they do to those of murder Where the same undistinguishing severity is exerted and treason. against all offenses, the people are led to forget the real distinction in the crimes themselves, and to commit the most flagrant witb as little compunction as they do the lightest offenses. For the same reason a multitude of sanguinary laws is both impolitic and unjust; the true design of all punishments being to reform, not to exterminate his peers, or the Art. 16. No mankind. Art. 19. Every subject has a right to be secure from all unreasonable searches and seizures of his person, his houses, his papers, and all his possessions. Therefore, all warrants to search suspected places, or arrest a person for examination or trial, in prosecutions for criminal matters, are contrary to this right if the cause or foundation of them be not preand if the order, in a warviously supported by oath or affirmation rant to a civil officer, to make search in suspected places, or to arrest one or more suspected persons, or to seize their property, be not accompanied with a special designation of the persons or object of search, and no warrant ought to be issued but in cases and arrest or seizure with the formalities prescribed by law. Art. 20. In all controversies concerning property, and in all suits between two or more persons, except in cases in which it has been heretofore otherwise used and practiced, the parties have a right to trial by jury; and this method of procedure shall be held sacred unless, in cases arising on the high seas, and such as relate to mariners' wages, the Legislature shall think it necessary hereafter to alter it. Art721. In order to reap the fullest advantage of the inestimable privilege of the trial by jury, great care ought to be taken that none but ?ualitied persons should be appointed to serve; and such ought to [be] ally compensated for their travel, time, and attendance. Art. 12. The liberty of the press is essential to the security of freedom in a State; it ought, therefore, to be inviolably preserved. Art. 23. Retrospective laws are highly injurious, oppressive and un; ; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 610 No just. such laws, therefore, should be made, either for the decision of civil causes, or the punishment of offenses. Art. 24. A well regulated milithh is the proper, natural and sure defense of a State. Art. 25. Standing armies are dangerous to liberty, and ought not to be raised or kept up, without the consent of the Legislature. Aht. 26. In all cases, and at all times, the military ought to be undei strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power. Art. 27. No soldier, in time of peace, shall be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; and in time of war such quarters ought not to be made but by the civil magistrate, in a manner ordained by the Legislature. Art. 28r No subsidy, charge, tax, impost or duty shall be established, fixed, laid, or levied, under any pretext whatsoever, without the consent of the people, or their representatives in the Legislature, or authority derived from that body. Art. 29. The power of suspending the laws, or the execution of them, ought never to be exercised but by the Legislature, or by authority derived therefrom, to be exercised in such particular cases only as the Legislature shall expressly provide for. Art. 30. The freedom of deliberation, speech and debate, in either house of the Legislature, is so essential to the rights of the people, that it can not be the foundation of any action, complaint or prosecution, in any other court or place whatsoever. Art. 31. The Legislature shall assemble for the redress of public grievances, and for making such laws as the public good may require. Art. 32. The people have a right, in an orderly and peaceable manner, to assemble and consult upon the common good, give instructions to their representatives, and to request of the legislative body, by way of petition or remonstrance, redress of the wrongs done them, and the grievances they Buffer. Akt. 33. No magistrate or court of law shall demand excessive bail or sureties, impose excessive fines, or inflict cruel or unusual punishment. Aut. 34. No person can in any case be subjected to law-martial or to any pains or penalties by virtue of that law, except those employed in the army or navy, and except the militia in actual service, but by authority of the Legislature. Akt. 35. It is essential to the preservation of the rights of every individual, his life, liberty property, and character, that there be an imparIt is the tial interpretation of the laws and administration of justice. right of every citizen to be tried by judges as impartial as the lot of humanity will admit. It is, therefore, not only the best policy, but for the security of the rights of the people, that the judges of the supreme judicial court should hold their offices so long as they behave well; subject, however, to such limitations pn account of age as may be provided by the constitution of the State; and that they should have honorable salaries, ascertained and established by standing laws. Aut. 3fi. Economy being a most essential virtue in all States, especially in a young one, no pension should be granted but in considei of actual Services; and such pension ought to be granted with great caution by the Legislature, and never for more than one year at a time. Ai;r. :*7. In the government of this state, the three essential powers thereof, to wit, the legislal ive, executive and judicial, ought to be kept, as separate from, and independenl of each other, as the nature of a free government will admit, or as is consistent with that chain of connection that binds the whole fabric of the constitution in one indissoluble bond of union and amity. Akt. 38. A frequent recurrence to the fundamental principles of the constitution, and a constanl adherence, to justice, moderation, temperance, industry, frugality, and all the social virtues, are indispensably �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 611 necessary to preserve the blessings of liberty and good government. ought, therefore, to have a particular regard to all those principles in the choice of their officers and representatives: and they nave a right to require of their law-givers and magistrates an exact ana constant observance of them in the formation and execution of the laws necessary for the good administration of government. The people PART SECOND. FORM OF GOVERNMENT. The people inhabiting the territory formerly called the Provineo of New-Hampshire, do hereby solemnly and mutually agree with each other to form themselves into a free, sovereign and independent body politic, or State, by the name of The State of New-Hampshire. 1. 2. GENERA! COURT. The supreme legislative power within the State shall be vested in Senate and House of Representatives, each of which shall have a the negative on the other. 3. The Senate and House shall assemble every year, on the first Wednesday of June, and at such other times as they may judge necessary, and shall dissolve and be dissolved seven days next preceding the said first Wednesday of June, and shall be styled The General Court of Nt ic-Hampshire. 4. The General Court shall forever have full power and authority to erect and constitute judicatories and courts of record, or other courts, to be holden in the name of the State, for the hearing, trying and determining all manner of crimes, offenses, pleas, processes, plaints, actions, causes, matters and things whatsoever, arising or happening within this State, or between or concerning persons inhabiting, or residing, or brought within the same, whether the same be criminal or civil, or "whether the crimes be capital or not capital, and whether the said pleas be real, personal, or mixed, and for the awarding and issuing execution thereon. To which courts and judicatories are hereby given and granted full power and authority, from time to time, to administer oaths or affirmations for the better discovery of truth in any matter in controversy, or depending before them. 5. And farther, full power and authority are hereby given and granted to the said General Court, from time to time, to make, ordain and establish all manner of wholesome and reasonable orders, laws, statutes, ordinances, directions, and instructions, either with penalties or without, so as the same be not repugnant or contrary to this Constitution, as they may judge for the benefit and welfare of this State, and for the governing and ordering thereof, and of the»subjects of the same, for the necessary support and defense of the government thereof, and to name and settle annually, or provide by fixed laws, for the naming and settling of all civil officers within this State; such officers excepted, the election and appointment of whom are hereafter in this form of government otherwise provided for; and to set forth the several duties, powers and limits of the several civil and military officers of this State, and the forms of such oaths or affirmations as shall be respectively administered unto them for the execution of their several offices and places, so as the same and also_ to impose be not repugnant or contrary to this Constitution and to impose and fines, mulcts, imprisonments, and other punishments levy proportional and reasonable assessments, rates and taxes upon all the inhabitants of, and residents within the said State; and upon all estates within the same; to be issued and disposed of by warrant under the hand of the Governor of this State for the time being, with the advice and consent of the Council, for the public service, in the necessa; ; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. G12 ry defense and support of the Government of this State, and the protection and preservation of the subjects thereof, according to such acts as are or shall be in force within the same. 6. And while the public charges of government, or any part thereof shall be assessed on polls and estates in the manner that has heretofore een practiced; in order that such assessments may be made with equality, there shall be a valuation of the estates within the State, taken anew once in every five years at least, and as much oftener as the General 1 Court shall order. No member of the General Court shall take fees, be of counsel, or act as advocate in any cause before either branch of the Legislature; and upon due proof thereof such member shall forfeit his seat in the Legis7. lature. 8. The doors of the galleries of each House of the Legislature shall be kept open to all persons who behave decently, except when the welfare of the State, in the opinion of either branch, shall require secrecy. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. There shall be in the Legislature of this State a repi*esentation of the people, annually elected, and founded upon principles of equality; and in order that such representation may be as equal as circumstances will admit, every town, parish, or place entitled to town privileges, having 9. one hundred and fifty ratable male polls, of twenty-one years of age and upward, may elect one representative; if four hundred and fifty ratable polls, may elect two representatives and so proceeding in that proportion, making three hundred such ratable polls the mean increasing num; ber for every additional representative. 10. Such towns, parishes, or places as have less than one hundred and ratable polls shall be classed by the General Court for the purpose of choosing a representative, and seasonably notified thereof. And in every class formed for the above mentioned purpose, the first annual meeting shall be held in the town, parish or place wherein most of the ratable polls eside and afterward in that which has the next highest number, and so on annually by rotation, through the several towns, parishes or places forming the district. 11. Whenever any town, parish or place entitled to town privileges as aforesaid, shall not have one hundred and fifty ratable polls, and be so situated as to rentier classing thereof with any other town, parish or place very inconvenient, the General Court may, upon application of a majority of the voters in such town, parish or place issue a writ for their electing and sending a representative to the General Court. 12. The members of the House of Representatives shall be chosen annually, in the month of March, and shall be the second branch of the Legislature. 13. All persons qualified to vote in the election of senators shall be entitled to vote within the district where they dwell, in the choice of representatives. II. Every member of the House of Representatives shall be chosen fifty i ; bj ballot; and fortwoyears atleastnext preceding his election, shall havebeen an inhabitant of this State, [shall have an estate within the district which he may lie chosen to represent, of the value of one hundred pounds, one half of which to be a free hold, whereof he is seized in his own right]* shall be at the time of his election an inhabitant of the town, parish or place he may be chosen to represent; shall be of the Prareligion, and shall cease to represent such town or parish or placo immediately on his ceasing to be qualified as aforesaid. "'. The members of both Houses of the Legislature shall be compensated for their services out of the treasury of the State, by a law made il 1 * Soo Amemluieuts �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. for that purpose without license. 16. be ; 613 such members attending seasonably, and not departing All intermediate vacancies in the House of Representatives may from time to time, in the same manner as annual election- a tilled, • made. 17. State, The House of Representatives shall be the grand inquest of the and all impeachments made by them shall be heard and tried by the Senate. 18. All money bills shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on oth< r bills, 19. The House selves, but of Representatives shall have power no longer than two days at a time. to adjourn them- 20. A majority of the members of the House of Representatives shall be a quorum for doing business; but when less than two thirds of Hi representatives elected shall be present, the assent of two thirds OfthoE members shall be necessary to render their acts and proceedings valid. 21. No member of the House of Representatives or Senate shall be arrested or held to bail on mesne process, during his going to, returning from, or attendance upon, the Court. 22. The House of Representatives shall choose their own Speaker, appoint their own officers, and settle the rules of the proceedings in their own House; and shall be judge of the returns, elections and qualifications of its members, as pointed out in tins constitution. They shall have authority to punish by imprisonment every person who shall be guilty of disrespect to the House in its presence by any disorderly and contemptuous behavior, or by threatening or ill treating any of its members; or by obstructing its deliberations; every person guilty of a breach of its privileges in making arrests for debt, or by assaulting any membi r during his attendance at any session in assaulting or disturbing any one of its officers in the execution of any order or procedure of the House; in assaulting any witness or other person ordered to attend, by and during his attendance of the House, or in securing any person arrested by order of the House, knowing them to be such. 23. The Senate, Governor aud Council, shall have the same powers in like cases; provided that no imprisonment by either, for any offense exceed ten days. 24. The journals of the proceedings, and all public acts of both houses of the Legislature, shall be printed and published immediately after every adjournment or prorogation; and upon motion made by any one member, the yeas and nays upon any question shall be entered on the journal; and any member of the Senate or House of Representatives shall have aright, on motion made at the same time for that purpose, to have his protest or dissent, with the reasons, against any vote, resolve or bill passed, entered on the journal. i • ; SENATE. 25. The Senate shall consist of twelve members, who shall hold tin ir office for one year from the first Wednesday of June, next ensuing their election. 26. And that the State may be equally represented in the Senate, the Legislature shall from time to time, divide the State into twelve districts, as nearly equal as may be, without dividing towns and unincorporated places; and in making this division they shall govern themselves by the proportion of direct taxes paid by the said districts, and timely make known to the inhabitants of the State the limits of each district. 27. The free holders as in this constitution is a senator, at some and other inhabitants of each district, qualified provided, shall annually give in their votes for meeting holden in the month of March. �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 614 28. The Senate shall be the first branch of the Legislature, and the Senators shall be chosen in the following manner: namely, every male inhabitant of each town and parish with town privileges, and places unincorporated, in this State, of twenty-one years of age and upward, excepting paupers and persons excused from paying taxes at their own request, shall have a right, at the annual or other meetings of the inhabitants of said towns and parishes, to be duly warned and holden annually forever in the month of March, to vote in the town or parish wherein he dwells, for the senator in the district whereof he is a member. 29. Provided nevertheless, That no person shall be capable of being elected a senator who is not of the Protestant religion [anil seized of a freehold estate in his own right of the value of two hundred pounds, lying within the State]* who is not of the age of thirty years, and who shall not have been an inhabitant of this State for seven years, immediately preceding his election, and at the time thereof he shall be an inhabitant of the district for which he shall be chosen. 30. And every person qualified as the constitution provides, shall be considered an inhabitant, for the purpose of electing and being elected into any office or place within this State, in the town, parish and plantation where he dwelleth and hath his home. 31. And the inhabitants of plantations and places unincorporated, qualified as tins constitution provides, who are or shall be required to assess taxes upon themselves toward the support of government, or shall be ta xed therefor shall have the same privilage of voting for senators in the plantations and places wherein they reside, as the inhabitants of the respective towns and parishes aforesaid have. And the meetings of such plantations and places for that purpose shall be holden annually in the month of March, at such places respectively therein as the assessors thereof shall direct which assessors shall have like authority for notifying the electors, collecting and returning the votes as the selectmen and town-clerks have in their several towns by this constitution. ''•2. The meetings for the choice of Governor, Council, and Senators, shall be warned by warrant from the selectmen, and governed by a moderator, who shall in the presence of the selectmen (whose duty it shall be to attend), in open meeting, receive the votes of all the inhabitants of such towns and parishes present, and qualified to vote for senators ami shall in said meetings, in presence of the said selectmen and of the town-clerk in said meetings, sort and count the said votes, and make a public declaratian thereof, with the name of every person voted for, and the number of votes for each person; and the town-clerk shall make a fair record of the same at large, in the town book, ami shall make out a, fair attested copy thereof, to be by him sealed up and directed io the Secretary of the State, with a, superscription expressing the purporl thereof; and the said town-clerk shall cause such attested copy 1" be delivered to the sheriff of the county in which said town or parish shall lie, thirty days at least before the first Wednesday of June, or to the Secretary of the Slate at least twenty days before the Said first Wednesday of June; and the sheriff of each county, or bis deputy, shall deliver all such certificates by him received into the Secretary's office, at least twenty days before the first Wednesday of June. And that there may be a, due meeting of senators on the first Wednesday of June annually, the Governor, and a majority of the Council for the time being, shall, as soon as may be, examine tile returned copies of Mich records, and fourteen days before the first Wednesday of June, he shall issue his summons to such persons as appear to be chosen senators by a majority of votes, to attend and take , ; : ''' ] - * See Amendments. �CONSTITUTION OF NE^Y-HAMPSIIIRE. 615 their seats on that day; Provided, nevertheless, that for the first year the said returned copies shall be examined by the President and the majority of tile Council then in office; and the said President shall in like manner notify the persons elected to attend and take their seats accordingly. 34. And in case there shall not appear to be a senator elected by a majority of votes for any district, the deficiency shall be supplied in the following manner: namely, the members of the House of Representatives, and such senators as shall be declared elected, shall take the names of the two persons having the highest number of votes in the district, ami out of them shall elect, by joint ballot, the senator wanted for such district; and in this manner all such vacancies shall he filled in every district of the State; and in like manner all vacancies in the Senate, arising by death, removal out of the Slate, or otherwise, shall be supplied as soon as may be, after such vacancies happen. 35. The Senate shall be final judges of the elections, returns, and qualifications of their own members, as pointed out in this constitution. 36. The Senate shall have power to adjourn themselves, provided such adjournment do not exceed two days at a time. Provided, nevertheless, That whenever they shall sit on the trial of any impeachment, they may adjourn to such time ami place as they may think proper, although the Legislature be not assembled on such day. or at such place. 37. The Senate shall appoint their president and other officers, and determine their own rules of proceedings. And not less than --veil members of the Senate shall make a quorum for doing business; and when less than eight senators shall be present, the assent of five, at least, shall be necessary to render their acts and proceedings valid. 38. The Senate shall be a court, with full power and authority to hear, try and determine all impeachments made by the House of Representatives against amy officer or officers of the State, for bribery, corruption, mal-practice, or mal-administration in office; with full power to issue summons or compulsory process for convening witnesses before them; but previous to the trial of any such impeachment, the members of the Senate shall respectively be sworn truly and impartially to try And and determine the charge in question, according to evidence. every officer impeached tor bribery, corruption, mal-practice, or malattested copy of the administration in office, shall be served with an impeachment, and order of Senate thereon, with such citation as the Senate may direct, setting forth the time and place of their sitting to try the impeachment; which service shall be made by the sheriff, or such other sworn officer as the Senate may appoint, at least fourteen days previous to the time of trial; and such citation being duly served and returned, the Senate may proceed in the hearing of the impeachment, giving the person impeached, if he shall appear, full liberty of producing witnesses and proofs, and of making his defense by himself and counsel; and may, also, upon his refusing, or neglecting to appear, hear the proofs in support of the impeachment, and render judgment and such judgment thereon, his non-appearance notwithstanding; shall have the same force and effect as if the person impeached had appeared and pleaded in the trial. 39. Their judgment, however, shall not extend farther than removal from office, disqualification to hold or enjoy any place of honor, trust, or profit, under this State: but the party so convicted shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, the laws of the land. trial, judgment and punishment, according to 40. Whenever the Governor shall be impeached, the chief justice of the supreme judicial court shall, during the trial, preside in the Senate, but have no vote therein. �616 CONSTITUTION OP NEW-HAMPSHIRE. EXECUTIVE POWER. GOVERNOR. There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be and whose title shall stjied Governor of the State of New-Hampshire 41. ; be His Excellency. 42. The Governor shall be chosen annually in the month of March and the votes for Governor shall be received, sorted, counted, certified, and returned, in the same manner as the votes for Senators and the Secretary shall lay the same before the Senate and House of Representatives, on the first Wednesday of June, to be by them examined; and in ease of an election by a majority of votes through the State, the choice shall be by them declared and published. And the qualifications of electors of the Governor shall be the same as those for senators and if no person shall have a majority of votes, the Senate and House of Representatives shall, by a joint ballot, elect one of the two persons having the highest number of votes, who shall be declared Governor. aikI no person shall be eligible to this office unless, at the time of his election he shall have been an inhabitant of this State for seven years next preceding, and unless he shall be of the age of thirty years [arid unless he-shall at the same time have an estate of the value of five hundred pounds, one half of which shall consist of a freehold of his own right within this State],* and unless he shall be of the Protestant re; ligion. 43. In cases of disagreement between the two houses with regard to the time or place of adjournment or prorogation, the Governor, with advice of Council, shall have a right to adjourn or prorogue the General Court, not exceeding ninety days at any one time, as he may determine the public good may require and he shall dissolve the same seven days before the said first Wednesday of June. And in case of any infectious distemper prevailing in the place where the said Court at any time is to convene, or any other cause whereby dangers may arise to the health or lives of the members from their attendance, the Governor may direct tin- session to be holden at some other, the most convenient place within the State. 11. Every bill which shall have passed both Houses of the General Court, shall, before it became a law, be presented to the Governor; if he approve, lie shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his objections, to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with such objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays; and the names of the persons voting for or against the hill shall be entered on the journal of each Bouse respectively. If any bill shall not lie returned by the rovernor within five days (Sunday excepted) after it -hall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner as if lie had Signed if unless the Legislature, by their adjournment, pre\ enl its return, in which case it shall not he a law. 45. Every resolve shall he presented to the Governor, and, before the same shall take effect, shall lie approved by him or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules aud limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. -hi. All judicial officers, the attorney-general, solicitors, all sheriffs, coroners, registers of probate, and all officers of the navy, and general and field officer's of the militia, shall be nominated and appointed by the ; I ; * See Amendment. �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Governor and Council ; 617 and every such nomination shall be made at appointment; and no appointment shall least three days prior to such take place unless a majority of the Council agree thereto. 47. The Governor and Council shall have a negative on each other, both in the nominations and appointments. Every nomination and appointment shall be signed by the Governor and Council, and every negative shall be also signed by the Governor or Council, who made the same.. 48. The captains and subalterns in the respective regiments shall be nominated and recommended by the field officers to the Governor, who is to issue their commissions immediately on receipt of such recommendation. 49. Whenever the chair of the Governor shall become vacant by reason of his death, absence from the State, or otherwise, the President of the Senate shall, during such vacancy, have and exercise all the powers and authorities which, by this constitution, the Governor is vested with when personally present but when the President of the Senate shall exercise the office of Governor, he shall not hold his office in the Senate. 50. The Governor, with advice of Council, shall have full power. and authority, in recess of the General Court, to prorogue the same from time to time, not exceeding ninety days in any one l'ecess of said court; and, during the sessions of said Court, to adjourn or prorogue it to any time the two Houses may desire, and to call it together sooner than the time to which it may be adjourned or prorogued, if the welfare of the State should require the same. 51. The Governor of this State, for the time being, shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy, and all the military forces of the State by sea and land; and shall have full power by himself or by any chief commander, or other officer or officers, from time to time to train, instruct, exercise and govern the militia and navy and for the special defense and safety of this State, to assemble in martial array, and put in warlike posture the inhabitants thereof, and to lead and conduct them, and with them to encounter, repulse, repel, resist and pursue by force of arms, as well by sea as by land, within and without the limits of this State.; and also to kill, slay, destroy, if necessary, and conquer by all fitting ways, enterprise and means, all and every such person and persons as shall at any time hereafter, in a hostile manner, attempt or enterprise the destruction, invasion, detriment, or annoyance of this State and to use and exercise over the army and navy, and over the militia in actual service, the law-martial in time of war, invasion, and also in rebellion declared by the Legislature to exist, as occasion shall necessarily require; and surprise, by all ways and means whatsoever, all and every such person and persons, with their ships, arms, ammunition, and other goods, as shall in a hostile manner invade or attempt the invading, conquering or annoying this State; and in fine, the Governor hereby is intrusted with all other powers incident to the office of captain-general and commander-in-chief and admiral, to be exercised agreeably to the rules and regulations of the constitution and the laws of the land Provided, That the Governor shall not at any time hereafter, by virtue of any power by this constitution granted, or hereafter to be granted to him by the Legislature, transport any of the inhabitants of this State, or oblige them to march out of the limits of the same, without their free and voluntary consent, or the consent of the General Court, nor grant commissions for exercising the law-martial in any case, without the advice and consent of the Council. 52. The power of pardoning offenses, except such as persons may be convicted of before the Senate, by impeachment of the House, shall be in the Governor, by and with the advice of Council but no charter of pardon, granted by the Governoi-, with advice of Council, before conviction, shall avail the party pleading the same, notwithstanding any ; ; ; : ; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 618 genera] or particular expressions contained therein, descriptive of the offense or offenses intended to be pardoned. 53. No officer, duly commissioned to command in the militia, shall be removed from his office but by the address of both Houses to the Gevernor, or by fair trial in court-martial, pursuant to the laws of the State for the time being. 54. The commanding officers of the regiments shall appoint their adjutants and quartermasters; the brigadiers, their brigade major*; the major-generals, their aids; the captains and subalterns their non-com- missioned officers. The division of the militia into brigades, regiments, and compamade, in pursuance of the militia laws- now in force, shall be considered as the proper division of the militia of this State, until the same, shall be altered by some future law. 56. No moneys shall be issued out of the treasury of this State, and disposed of (except such sums as may be appropriated for the redemption of bills of credit or Treasurer's notes, or for the payment of interest arising thereon), but by warrant under the hand of the Governor for the time being, by and with the advice and consent of the Council, for the necessary support and defense of this State, and for the necessary protection and preservation of the inhabitants thereof, agreeably to the acts and resolves of the General Court. All public boards, the commissary-general, all superintending offi57. cers of public magazines and stores belonging to this State, and all commanding officers of forts and garrisons within the same, shall, once in every three months, officially, and without requisition, and at other times when required by the Governor, deliver to him an account of all goods, stores, provisions, ammunition, cannon with their appendages, and all small arms with their accouterments, and all other public property under their care respectively; distinguishing the quantity and kind of each as particularly as may he; together with the condition of such forts and garrisons; and the commanding officer shall exhibit to the Governor, whenrequired by him, true and exact plans of such forts, and of the laud and mm. or harbor or harbors adjacent. 58. The Governor and Council shall lie compensated for their services, from time to time, by such grants as the General Court shall think rea55. nies, son aide. 59. Permanent and honorable salaries shall be established by law for the justices of the superior court. COUNCIL. There shall be annually elected by ballot live councilors, for advising the Governor in the executive part of government. The freeholders and other inhabitants in each county, qualified to vote for senators, shall, Mime time in the month of March, give in their votes foronecouncilor; which vote shall lie received, sorted, counted, certified and re60. the Secretary's office, in '.he same, manner as the votes for senby the Secretary laid before the Senate and House of Representatives on tic first Wednesday of June. 01. And the person having a majority of votes in any county shall be considered as duly elected a councilor; but if no person shall have a majority of votes in any county, the Senate and House of Representatives -hall take the n allies of the two persons who have the highest number of votes in each county, and not elected, and out of those two shall elect byjoinl ballot the councilor wanted for each county; and the qualifications for councilor -hall lie the same as for senator. 62, [f any person thus chosen a councilor shall he elected Governor, ember df either branch of the Legislature, and shall accept the trust fir or if any person elected a councilor shall refuse to accept the office or in the case of tin; death, resignation, or removal of any councilor out of the turned <<> ators, to l.i' m : ; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 619 State] the Governor may issue a precept for the election of a now councilor in that county where such vacancy shall happen; and the choice shall he in the same manner as before directed; and the Governor shall have full tower ami authority to convene the Council, from time to time at his discretion and with them, or the majority of them, may and Bhall, i ; from time to time, hold a council for ordering and directing the affairs of State according to the laws of the land. 63. The members of the Council may be impeached by the Bouse, and tried by the Senate for bribery, corruption, mal-practice or mal-administration. 64. The resolutions and advice of the Council shall be recorded by the Secretary in a register, and signed by all the members present, agreeing thereto; and this record may be called for at anytime by either house of the Legislature, and any member of the Council may enter his opinion contrary to the resolution of the majority, with the reasons for such opinion. 65. The Legislature may. if the public good shall hereafter require it, divide the State into five districts, as nearly equal as may be, governing themselves by the number of ratable polls and proportion of public taxes; each district to elect a councilor; and in case of such division, the manner of the choice shall be conformable to the present modi- of elecrfcm in counties. 66. And whereas the elections appointed to be made by this constitution on the first Wednesday of June annually by the two houses of the Legislature, may not be completed on that day, the said elections may be adjourned from day to day until the same be completed. And the order of the elections shall be as follows: The vacancies in the Senate, if any. shall be first filled: the Governor shall then be elected, provided there should be no choice of him by the people, and afterward the two houses shall proceed to fill the vacancy, if any. in the Council. tliis SECRETARY, TREASURER, COMMISSARY-GENERAL, ETC. secretary, treasurer and commissary-general shall be chosen by joint ballot of the senators and representatives assembled in one room. 68. The records of the State shall be kept in the office of the Secretary and he shall attend the Governor and Council, the Senate and Representatives, in person or by deputy, as they may require. 69. The Secretary of the State shall at all times have a deputy, to be by him appointed; for whose conduct in office he shall be responsible; and in case of the death, removal or inability of the Secretary, his deputy 67. The ; shall exercise all the duties of the office of Secretai-y of the State until another shall be appointed. 70. The Secretary, before he enters upon the business of shall give bond, with sufficient sureties, in a reasonable of the State, for the punctual performance of his trust. sum his office, for the use COUNTY TREASURERS &C. The county treasurers and registers of deeds shall be elected by the inhabitants of the several towns in the several counties in the State, according to the method now practiced, and the laws of the State Provided nevertheless the Legislature shall have authority to alter the manner of certifying the votes and the mode of electing those officers, but not so as to deprive the people of the right they now have of electing 71. : them. 72. And the Legislature, on the application of the major part of the inhabitants of any county, shall have authority to divide the same into two districts for registering deeds, if to them it shall appear necessary; each district to elect a register of deeds and before they enter upon the business of their offices, shall be respectively sworn faithfully to discharge the duties thereof, and shall severally give bond, with suffi; �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 620 cient sureties, in a reasonable sum, for the use of the county, for the punctual performance of their respective trusts. JUDICIARY POWER. commissioned officers shall have by law in their offices shall be expressed in their respective commissions. All judicial officers, duly appointed, commissioned and sworn, shall hold their offices during good behavior, excepting those concerning there is a different provision made in this constitution Provided, nevertheless, the President,* with consent of the Council, may remove them upon the address of both houses of the Legislature. 74. Each branch of the Legislature, as well as the Governor and Council, shall have authority to require the opinions of the justices of the superior court upon important questions of law, and upon solemn occasions. 75. In order that the people may not suffer from the long continuance in place of any justice of the peace, who shall fail in discharging the important duties of his office with ability and fidelity, all commissions of justices of the peace shall become void at the expiration of five years from their respective dates; and, upon the expiration of any commis73. The tenure that all whom : sion, the same may, if necessary, be renewed, or another person appointed, as shall most conduce to the well-being of the State. 76. All causes of marriage, divorce and alimony, and all appeal»from the respective judges of probate, shall be heard and tried by the superior court, until the Legislature shall by law make other provision. 77. The General Court are empowered to give to justices of the peace jurisdiction in civil causes, when the damages demanded shall not exceed four pounds, and title of real estate is not concerned but with right of appeal to either party to some other court, so that a trial by jury, in the last resort, may be had. 78. No person shall hold the office of judge of any court, or judge of probate, or sheriff of any county, after he has attained the age of seven: ty years. 79. No judge of any court, or justice of the peace, shall act as attorney, or be of'counsel to any party, or originate any civil suit, in mailers which shall come or be brought before him as judge or justice of the peace. 80. All matters relating to the probate of wills and granting letters of administration shall be exercised by the judges of probate, in such manner as the Legislature have directed, or may hereafter direct; and the judges of probate shall hold their courts at such place or places, on such axed days as the conveniency of the people may require, and the Legislature, from time to time appoint. 81. No judge or register of probate shall be of counsel, act as advocate, or receive any fees as advocate or counsel, in any probate busi ne-- which is pending or may be brought into any court of probate in the county of which he is judge or register. CLERKS OP COURTS. The judges of the courts (those of probate excepted) shall appoint their respective clerks, to hold their office during pleasure; and no such clerk shall act as an attorney, or be of counsel in any cause in the court of which he is clerk, nor shall he draw any writ originating a 82. civil action. ENCOURAGEMENT OF LITERATURE. learning, generally diffused through a communibeing essential to the preservation of a free government; and spreading tiie opportunities and advantages of education through the various parts 83. Knowledge and ty, * Governor, in former priutod editions, but President in the original. �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 621 of the country being highly conducive to promote this end, it shall bo the duty of the legislators and magistrates, in all future periods of this government, to cherish the interest of literature and the sciences, and all seminaries and public schools; to encourage private and public institutions, rewai-ds anil immunities for the promotion of agriculture, arts, commerce, trades, manufactures and natural history of the country; to countenance and inculcate the principles of humanity and general benevolence, public and private charity, industry and economy, honesty and punctuality, sincerity, and all social affections and generous sentiments among the people. sciences, OATH AND SUBSCRIPTIONS EXCLUSION FROM OFFICES; COMMISSIONS; WRITS; CONFIRMATION OF LAWS; HABEAS CORPUS; THE ENACTING STYLE; CONTINUANCE OF OFFICERS; PROVISION FOR A FUTURE REVIS ION OF THE CONSTITUTION, &C. ; 84. Any person chosen governor, councilor, senator or representative, military or civil officer (town officers excepted), accepting the trust, shall, before he proceeds to execute the duties of his office make and subscribe the following declaration; namely. I, A, B., do solemnly swear that I will bear faith and true allegiance to the State of New-Hampshire, and will support the constitutionthere So help me God. A. B., do solemnly and sincerely swear and affirm that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent according to the best of my abilities; agreeably to on me as the rules and regulations of this constitution and the laws of the State of New-Hampshire. So help me God. Any person having taken and subscribed the oath of allegiance, and the same being filed in the Secretary's office he shall not be obliged to take said oath again. Provided, always, When any person, chosen or appointed as aforesaid shall be of the denomination called Quakers, or shall be scrupulous of swearing, and shall decline taking the said oaths such person shall take and subscribe them, omitting the word " swear, " and likewise the words, " So help me God.'''' subjoining instead thereof, " This I do under the pains and penalties of perjury." 85. And the oaths of affirmation shall be taken and subscribed by the Governor, before the President of the Senate, in presence of both houses of the Legislature, and by the senators and representaves first elected under this constitution, as altered and amended, before the President of the State and a majority of the Council then in office, and for ever afterward and by all other before the Governor and Council for the time being officers, before such persons and in such manner as the Legislature shall from time to time appoint. 86. All commissions shall be in the name of The State of NewHampshire, signed by the Governor, and attested by the Secretary, or his deputy, and shall have the great seal of the State affixed thereto. 87. All writs issuing out of the clerk's office in any of the courts of law, shall be in the name of The State of New-Hampshire shall be under the seal of the court whence they issue, and bear teste of the chief, first or senior justice of the court; but when such justice shall be interested, then the writ shall bear teste of some other justice of the court, to which the same shall be returnable and be signed by the clerk of such court. 88. All indictments, presentments and informations shaD conclude, Against the peace and dignity of the State. 89. The estate of such persons as may destroy their own lives shall not for that offense be forfeited, but descend or ascend in the same manner as if such person had died in a natural way. Nor shall any article which shall accidentally occasion the death of any person be henceforth of. I, ; ; ; �622 CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. deemed a deodand, or in any wise forfeited on account of such mis- fortune. 90. All the laws which have heretofore been adopted, used and approved in the province, colony or State of STew-Hampshire, and usually practiced on in the courts of law, shall remain and be in full force until altered and repealed by the Legislature; such parts thereof only excepted as are repugnant to the rights and liberties contained in this constitution: provided that nothing herein contained, when compared with the twenty-third article in the bill of rights, shall be construed to affect the laws already made respecting the persons or estates of absentees. 91. The privilege and benefit of the habeas corpus shall be enjoyed in this State, in the most free, easy, cheap, expeditious and ample manner, and shall not be suspended by the Legislature except upon the most urgent and pressing occasions, and for a time not exceeding three months. 92. The enacting style in making and passing acts, statutes and laws, shall be, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court convened. 93. No governor or judge of the supreme judicial court shall hold any office or place under the authorities of this State, except such as hy this constitution they are admitted to hold, saving that the judges of the said court may hold the offices of justices of the peace throughout the State; nor shall they hold any place or office, or receive any pension or salary from any other State government or power whatever. 94. No person shall be capable of exercising at the same time more than one of the following offices in this State namely, judge of probate, sheriff, register of deeds; and never more than two offices of profit, which may be held by appointment of the Governor, or Governor and Council, or Senate and House of Representatives, or superior or inferior courts; military offices and offices of justices of the peace excepted. 95. No person holding the office of judge of any court, except special judges, Secretary, Treasurer of the State, Attorney-General, Commisary-General, military officers receiving pay from the continent or this State, excepting officers of the militia, occasionally called forth on an emergency, register of deeds, sheriff, or officers of the customs, including naval officers, collectors, of excise and State and continental taxes, hereafter appointed, and not having settled their accounts with the respective officers with whom it is their duty to settle such accounts, members of Congress, or any person holding any office under the United States, shall at the same time hold the office of Governor, or have a seat in the Senate or House of Representatives, or Council; but his being chosen and appointed to and accepting the same, shall operate as a resignation of their seat in the Chair, Senate, or House of Representatives, or Council, and the place so vacated shall be filled. No member of fche Council shall have a seat in the Senate or House of : Representatives. 96. No person shall ever be admitted to hold a seat in the Legislature, or any office of trust or importance under this government, who in the due course of law, has been convicted of bribery or corruption in obtaining an election or appointment. 97. In all cases when; sums of money are mentioned in this constitution, the value thereof shall be computed in silver at six shillings and eighl pence per ounce. 98. To the end that there maybe no failure of justice or danger to the State, by the altera! inns and amendments made in the Constitution, the General Court is hereby fully authorized and directed to fix the time, when the alteration and amendments shall take effect, and make the nece-.-ary arrangements accordingly.* > * See Act of December 14, 1792. �CONSTITUTION OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. G23 99. It shall be the duty of the selectmen and assessors of the several towns and places in this State, in warning the first annual meetings for the choice of senators, after the expiration of seven years from the adoption of this constitution as amended, to insert expressly in the warrant this purpose among the others for the meeting; to wit. to take the sense of the qualified voters on the subject of a revision of the constitution; and the meeting being warned accordingly, and not otherwise, the moderator shall take the sense of the qualified voters present as to the necessity of a revision and a return of the number of votes for and against such necessity shall be made by the clerk, sealed up and directed to the General Court at their then next session; and if it shall appear to the General Court by such return, that the sense of the people of the State has been taken, and that in the opinion of the majority of the qualified voters in the State, present and voting at said meetings, there is a ; necessity for a revision of the constitution, it shall be the duty of the General Court to call a convention for that purpose; otherwise the General Court shall direct the sense of the people to be taken, and lien proceed in the manner before mentioned; the delegates to he chosen in the same manner and proportioned as the representatives to the General Com*t; provided that no alterations shall he made in this constitution before the same shall be laid before the towns and unincorporated places, and approved by two thirds of the qualified voters present and voting on the subject. 100. And the same method of taking the sense of the people as to a revision of the constitution, and calling a convention for that purpose, shall be observed afterward, at the expiration of every seven years. 101. This form of government shall be enrolled on parchment, and deposited in the Secretary's office, and be a part of the laws of the land and printed copies thereof shall be prefixed to the books containing the laws of this State, in all future editions thereof. I IN CONVENTION, HELD AT CONCORD THE FIFTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, ANNO DOMINI 1792. The returns from the several towns and unincorporated places being examined, and it appearing that the foregoing Bill of Rights and Form of Government, as amended by the convention, were approved by more than two thirds of the qualified voters present in town meetings, and voting upon the question, the same are agreed on and established by the delegates of the people in convention and declared to be the civil Constitution of the State of New-Hampshire. SAMUEL LIVERMORE, President of the Convention. Attest John Calfe, Secretary. AMENDMENTS. PROCLAMATION. Executive Department, Concord Sept. 16th, 1852. Be it known, that I, Noah Martin, Governor of the State of NewHampshire, in obedience to the request of the Constitutional Convention, do hereby proclaim to the people of this State, that the const itution of the same is amended by striking from it in part 2d, section 14th, the words, "shall have an estate within the district where he may be chosen to represent of the value of one hundred pounds, one half of which to �62-4 CONGRESSIONAL AND COUNCILOR DISTRICTS IN 1873. a freehold whereof he is seized in his own right ;" and from section 29th the words, " and seized of a freehold estate in his own right of the value of a hundred pounds, In ing a- i thin this State;" and section 43d the words, a?id unless he shall at the same time have an estate of the value offive hundred pounds, one half of which shall consist of a freehold in his own right within this State.'''' The foregoing property qualifications are stricken out, and the constitution is thus amended by the suffrages of more than two thirds of the legal voters present in town meeting and voting upon the questions. [l. S.] Given under my hand, and the seal of the State affixed, at the Council ( 'haniher. September the sixteenth, A. D., 1852, and of the independence of the United States of America the seventyseventh. be NOAH MARTIN. By the Governor John L. Hadley, Secretary of State. STATE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Secretary of State's Office, Concord, January 21th, 1853. A true copy of the original Attest : John L. Hadley, ) J Secretary of State. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS IN 1873. New-Hampshire is entitled to three membei-s in the National House of Representatives, and the State is divided into three districts, as follow: District Number One—Rockingham, Strafford, Belknap, and Car- roll counties. District District Number Two—Merrimack and Hillsborough counties. Number Three— Cheshire, Sullivan, Grafton, and Coos counties. COUNCILOR DISTRICTS IN 1873. divided into five Councilor districts, each of which may The choose one Councilor annually. Council District Number One contains the county of Rockingham, except the city of Portsmouth and the towns of Gosport. Greenland, State is Hampton, Newcastle, Newington, Newmarket, North Hampton, Rye, South Newmarket, and Stratliam, and the county of Merrimack, except the towns of Bradford, Newbury, New-London, Sutton, Warner and Wilmot. Council District Number Two contains the county of Strafford, the county of Belknap, except the towns of New Hampton, Sanbornton, and Tilton, and the city of Portsmouth, and the towns of Gosport, Greenland Hampton, Newcastle, Newington, Newmarket, North Hampton, Rye, South Newmarket, and Stratham, in the county of Rockingham. Council District Number Three contains the county of Ilillsbo �SENATORIAL DISTRICTS. G25 rough, except the towns of Antrim, Bennington, Deering, Francestown, Greenfield, Hancock, Hillsborough, New Boston, and Windsor. Council District Number Four contains the counties of Cheshire and Sullivan, the towns of Bradford, Newbury, New Loudon, Sutton, Warner and Wilmot in the county of Merrimack, the towns of Antriu, Bennington, Deering, Greenfield, Francestown, Hancock, Hillsborough, New Boston, and Windsor, in the county of Hillsborough, and the town of Lebanon, in the county of Grafton. Council District Number Five contains the counties of Coos and Carroll, the county of Grafton, except the town of Lebanon, and the towns of New Hampton, Sanbornton, and Tilton, in the county of Belknap. SENATORIAL DISTRICTS. The divided into twelve Senatorial Districts, each of which may elect one Senator to the legislature annually. Senatorial District Number One contains Durham, Gosport, Green land, Hampton, Hampton Falls, Newcastle, New ington, \ewmaiket, North Hampton, Portsmouth, Rye, South Newmarket, and Stratham. Senatorial District Number Two contains Atkinson, Auburn Brentwood, Candia, Chester, Danville, Deerfield, Derry, East Kingston, Epping, Exeter, Fremont, Hampstead, Kensington, Kingston, Londonderry, Newton, Northwood, Nottingham, Pelham, Plaistow, Raymond, Salem, Sandown, Seabrook, South Hampton, and Windham. Senatorial District Number Three contains the city of Manchester. Senatorial District Number Four contains Allenstown, Bow, Chichester, Concord, Dumbarton, Epsom, Hooksett, Loudon, Pembroke and State is Pittsfield. Senatorial District ington, Lee, Number Five contains Barrington, Dover, Farni- Madbury, Rochester, Rollinsford, and Somersworth. Senatorial District Number Six contains Alton, Barnstead, Belmont. Brookfield, Canterbury, Center Harbor, Effingham, Gilford, Gilmanton, Holderness, Laconia, Madison, Meredith, Middleton, Milton, Moulton- borough, New Durham, New Hampton, Northfield, Ossipee, SanbomSandwich, Strafford, Tamworth, Tilton, Tuftonborough, Wakefield, and Wolfeborough. ton, Senatorial District Number Seven contains Brookline, Fitzwilliam, Greenville, Hollis, Hudson, Jaffrey, Mason, Nashua, New Ipswich, Rindge, Sharon, Temple, and Wilton. Senatorial District Number Eight contains Amherst, Bedford. Bennington, Bradford, Deering, Francestown, Goffstown, Greenfield. HenHopkinton, Litchfield, Lyndeboi*ough, Merrimack, Milford, niker, Mount Vernon, New Boston, Peterborough, Warner and Weare. Senatorial District Number Nine, contains Antrim, Chesterfield, Dublin, Gilsum, Hancock, Harrisville, Hillsborough, Hinsdale, Keene, Marlborough, Nelson, Richmond, Roxbury, Stoddard, Sullivan, Surry, Swanzey, Troy, Westmoreland, Winchester and Windsor. Senatorial District Number Ten contains Acworth. Alstead, Charlestown, Claremont, Cornish, Croydon, Goshen, Grantham, Langdon. Leb- �STATE OFFICERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE, 1873 626 — 4. anon, Lempster, Harlow, Newport, Plainfield, Springfield, Sunapee, Unity, Walpole, and Washington. Senatorial District Number Eleven contains Alexandria, Andover, Ashland, Boscawen, Bridgewater, Bristol, Carnpton, Canaan, Danbury, Lyme, New London, Newbury, Orange, Orford, Piermont, Plymouth, Salisbury, Sutton, Webster, and Wilmot. Enfield, Franklin, Grafton, Hanover, Hebron, Hill, Number Twelve contains all the towns and places and the towns of Albany, Bartlett, Bath, Benton, Bethlehem, Chatham, Conway, Dorchester, Eaton, Ellsworth, Franconia, Freedom, Groton, Hart's Location, Haverhill, Jackson, Landaff, Lincoln, Lisbon, Littleton, Lyman, Monroe, Rumney, Thornton, Warren, Waterville, Wentworth, and Woodstock. The Election for the choice of Governor, Councilors, Senators, Representatives to the General Court, and members of Congress, is holden on the second Tuesday in March, in all the respective towns and voting Senatorial District in the county of Coos, places in the State. STATE OFFICERS IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE, 1873—4. Ezekiel A. Straw, Manchester, Governor; Benjamin F. Prescott, Epping, Secretary of State ; Ai B. Thompson, Concord, Dep. Secretary of State; Solon A. Carter, Keene, Treasurer; Edward A. Jenks, Concord, State Printer; John M. Haines, Concord, Adjutant General; John C. Pilesbury, Concord, Warden of State Prison; John W. Symonds, Franklin, Superintendent of Public Instruction; Nathaniel Bouton, Concord, State Historian; William H. Kimball, Concord, State Librarian. COUNCIL, District Number 1, 2, " " " " 3, • 1873—4. Samuel P. Dow, Epping. John J. Morrill, Gilford. William P. Newell. Manchester. Bolivar Lovell, Alstead. Nathan R. Perkins, Jefferson. 4, 5, Janitor of State House, Lewis L. Mower, Concord. MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, IN District Number 2, " 3, Austin F. Pike, Franklin. Hosea Parker, Claremont. W . STATE SENATE FOR President, Clerk, 1873. William B. Small, Newmarket. 1, 1873. David A. Warde, Concord. Luther S. Morrill, Concord. Assistant Clerk, Tyler Westgate, Haverhill. Boor-Keeper, Zelotus Stevens, Concord. District Number 1, 2, 3, Warren Brown, Hampton Falls. Charles Sanborn, Sandown. George Foster, Bedford. �STATISTICAL TABLES. District " Number " 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, " " 9, 10, 11, " " 12, 627 David A. Warde, Concord. Edwin Wallace. Rochester. Otis G. Hatch, Tamworth. Charles H. Burns, Wilton. William H. Gove, Weare. Henry Abbott, Winchester. Henry A. Hitchcock, Walpole. Warren F. Daniell, Franklin. Eleazer B. Parker, Franconia. ORGANIZATION OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 1873. James W. Emery, Portsmouth. Samuel C. Clark, Gilford. Speaker, Clerk, Assistant Clerk, Charles C. Danforth, Concord. Chaplain, Rev. Charles L. Hubbard, Merrimack. Engrossing Clerk, Charles A. Hoitt, Dover. Sergeant at Arms, Charles H. Roberts, Concord. } Charles H. Long, Claremont. Door-Keepers, > Frank G. Moody. Concord. } Augustus B. Farmer, Bow. VOTES FOR GOVERNOR, MARCH, 1873, ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. i AND MARCH, 1872. �628 STATISTICAL TABLES. ROCKINGHAM COUNTY CONTINUED. �STATISTICAL TABLES. 629 CARROLL COUNTY CONTINUED 1873. 18T2. TOWNS. 169 Wolfeborough . Total.. 187 191 130 253 213 1,772 Wakefield 2M 213 193 67 123 266 Sandwich Tain worth Tuftonliorough. 2,098 MO 1 82 14 144 295 233 58 40 238 21 16 143 153 1«6 2T7 1,825 2,043 239 171 140 189 124 14S 3 MERRIMACK COUNTY. Aliens town 42 70 132 42 102 165 95 121 129 84 1,517 Andover Boscawen 1,150 1,652 1,228 119 200 66 99 401 356 342 188 123 15 89 169 Bow Bradford Canterbury 12' Chichester Concord (ag. vote). Ward Ward Ward Ward Ward Ward Ward 67 203 140 119 166 111 1 1 2 1 3 94 346 4 5 6 341 323 170 106 99 344 172 7 Dunbarton Epsom Franklin Henniker.. Hill 9( Hooksett Hopkinton 142 202 116 Loudon Newbury 25 New London 124 86 Northfield 89 236 198 257 123 88 121 304 158 68 112 239 198 100 75 129 167 231 113 131 225 Pembroke 147 Pittsfield 205 107 120 153 99 105 4,6221 4.758 Sutton Warner Webster Wilmot Total. 188 117 113 Amherst Antrim 191 Bedford Bennington Brookline Deering Fraucesto wn Goffstown Greenfield Greenville , , , Hancock Hillsborough Hollis Hudson , Litchfield Lyndeborough Manchester (ag. vote) Ward Ward 1 2 5,132| 5,2701 95 361 179 109 158 241 133 35 147 79 185 204 115 159 57 HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY. 13' 92 157 328 169 91 122 243 203 128 83 148 203 249 115 147 249 64 165 121 154 Salisbury 87 255 197 272 2' 126 28 �630 STATISTICAL TABLES. HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY CONTINUED. �STATISTICAL TABLES. SULLIVAN COUNTY CONTINUED. G31 �632 GOVERNORS OF NEW-HAMrSHIRE, SINCE 1680. COOS COUNTY �JUSTICES OF THE HIGHER COURTS, SINCE 1776. 633 chief magistrates, the Governors being residents of the province. Bewhen the Governor was resident in Massachusetts, the Lt. fore that, Governors claimed to be chief magistrates, and often acted as such the Governor was out of the province. when In May, 1775, the Royal Governor withdrew, and the province was governed by a convention, of which Matthew Thornton was President; and in January, 1776, a temporary Constitution was adopted under which Meshech Weare was unanimously elected President of tho Council, and Chairman of the Committee of 2. Safety, till June, 1784. Presidents under the Constitution of 1784. Meshech Weare, Hamp. Falls,. 1784 John Langdon, John Langdon, Portsmouth, ... 1785 John Sullivan, John Sullivan, Durham, 1786 Josiah Bartlett, Kingston, 3. Governors under the Constitution 1788 1789 1790 of 1792. Josiah Bartlett, 1792| John Bell, Chester, John Taylor, Gilman, Exeter, 1794 Benjamin Pierce John Langdon, 1805'Matthew Harvey* Hopkinton, 1809 Samuel Dinsmoor, Keene, Jeremiah Smith, Exeter, 1810 William Badger, Gilmanton, John Langdon, 1812 Isaac Hill, Concord William Plainer, Epping 1813 John Page, Haverhill, John Taylor, Gilman 1816 Henry Hubbard Charlestown, William 'Plumer . 1828 1829 1830 1831 1834 1836 1839 1842 John H. Steele, Peterboro', 1844 Anthony Colby, N. London,. .1346 Jared W. Williams, Lancaster, 1847 Samuel Dinsmoor, Keene, 1849 . . . . Samuel Bell, Chester, 1819 Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth,. .1823 David L. Morril, Goifstown, Benjamin Pierce, Hillsboro',.. . . 4. 1824 .1827 . . . . Governors under Amendment of Constitution of 1852. Noah Martin, Dover, 1852! Frederick Smyth, Manchester, Nathaniel B. Baker, Concord, 1854| Walter Harriman, Warner, 1855,Onslow Stearns, Concord, Ralph Metcalf, Newport, 18571 James A. Weston, Manchester, William Haile, Hinsdale, Ichabod Goodwin, Portsmouth, 1859|Ezekiel A. Straw, Manchester, Nathaniel S. Berry, Hebron,. .1861jEzekiel A. Straw, Manchester, Joseph A. Gilmore, Concord, 1863| . . . . 1865 1867 1869 1871 1872 1873 . JUSTICES OF THE HIGHER COURTS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE, SINCE 1776. SUPERIOR COURT OF JUDICATURE Meshech Weare, C. J., Hampton — 1776 TO 1813. Falls, Jan. 27, 1776, to June 19, 1782. Leverett Hubbard, Portsmouth, Jan, 27, 1776, to 1785. Matthew Thornton, Londonderry, Jan. 27, 1776, to 1782. John Wentworth, Salmon Falls, Jan. 27, 1776, to May 17, 1781. Samuel Livermore, C. J., Holderness, June 21, 1782, to 1790. Woodbury Langdon, Portsmouth, June 22, 1782, to 1783; Feb., 1786, to Jan. 1791. Josiah Bartlett, Kingston, Nov. 14, 1782, to 1790; C. J., Jan. 15, 1790, to June, 1790. William Whipple, Portsmouth, June 20, 1783, to 1785. John Dudley, Raymond, Dec. 1784, to Feb. 1, 1797. John Pickering, C. J., Portsmouth, July 7, 1790, to Feb. 1795. �JUSTICES OF THE HIGHER COURTS SINCE 1776. 634 Simeon March Olcott, Charlestown, Jan. 25, 1790, to 1795; C. J., 28, 1795, to 1802. Timothy Farrar, New-Ipswich, March 18, 1791, Ebenezer Thompson, Durham, April 3, 1795, to Daniel Newcomb, Keene, April 6, 1796, to 1798. Edward St. Loe Livermore. Portsmouth, Feb 6, Paine Wingate, Stratham, April 4, 1798, to January 1803. 1796. 1797, to 1799. to 1809. Jeremiah Smith, C. J., Exeter, May 17, 1802, to May, 1809. Arthur Livermore, Holderness. Dec. 21, 1799, to Sept. 19, 1809; C. Sept. 19, 1809, J., to June, 1813. William King, Atkinson, Dover, April 26, 1803, to 1805. Richard Evans, Portsmouth. June 5, 1809, to 1813. Jonathan Steele, Durham. Feb. 19, 1810 to 1812. Clifton Claggett. Litchfield, August 10, 1812 to 1813. SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT 1813 TO 1816. Jeremiah Smith. C. J., Exeter, July 12, 1813, to June 1816. Caleb Ellis, Claremont, July 12, 1813, to June, 1816. Arthur Livermore, Holderness, July 12, 1813, to June, 1816. — SUPREME COURT OF JUDICATURE— 1816 TO "William Merchant Richardson, C. J., Chester, July 1855. 5, 1816 to March 23, 1838. Samuel Bell, Chester, July 5, 1816, to June, 1819. Levi Woodbury, Francestown, Dec. 9, 1816, to 1823. Samuel Green, Concord, June 26, 1819, to 1840. John Harris, Hopkinton, Oct. 6. 1823. to Jan. 5, 1833, Joel Parker, Keene, Jan. 8, 1833, to June 25, 1838; C. J., June 24, 1848. Nathaniel Gookin Upham, Concord, Jan. 1, June 25, 1838, to Dec. 8, 1833 to Dec. aged 68. Leonard Wilcox, Orford, June 1842; Died 11, 1869. 25, 1838, to Sept. 29, 1840 June 26, June 18, 1850. John James Gilchrist. Charlestown, March 17, 1840, to June 26, 1848 C. J., June 26, 1848, to March 16, 1855. Andrew Salter Woods, Bath, Oct. 2, 1840, to March 30, 1855; C. J., ; 1848, to March 30, 1855, to August, 17, 1855. Ira Allen Eastman, Gilmanton, Aug. 31. 1849, to Aug. Samuel Dana Bell, Manchester, Aug. 31, 1849, to Aug. Ira Perley, Concord, June 28, 1850, to October 1, 1852. 17, 1855. 17, 1855. — 1855 TO 1870. SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT Ira Perley, Concord, born Nov. 2. 1799; ap. C. J., July 20, 1855, to Oct. 1, 1859; reappointed Aug. 1, 1864, to Oct. 1, 1869. Ira Allen Eastman, Concord, July 20, 1855, to Dec. 1, 1859. Asa Fowler. Concord, July 20, 1855, to February 23, 1861. George Y. Sawyer, Nashua, July 20, 1855. November 1, 1859. Samuel Dana Bell, Manchester, July 20, 1855, to Sept. 23, 1859; C. J., Sept. 23, 1859, to August 1, 1864; died Aug. 1, 1868. J. Everett Sargent, Wentworth, born Oct. 23, 1816; ap. July 5, 1859. �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 635 Henry A. Bellows, Concord, born Oct. 25, 1803; ap. Sept. 23, 1859; appointed C. J., Oct. 1, 1869. Died March 11, 1873. Charles Doe, Dover, born April 11, 1830; appointed Sept. 23, 1859. George W. Nesmith, Franklin, born Oct. 23, 1800; Dec. 31, 1859, to Oct. 31, 1870. William H. Bartlett, Concord, Feb. 23, 1861 died Sept. 24, 1867. Jeremiah Smith, Dover, born July 14, 1837; appointed Oct. 16, 1867. Resigned Jan. 1874. William L. Foster, Concord, born June 1, 1823, ap. Oct. 1, 1869. William S. Ladd, Lancaster, born Sept. 5, 1830; ap. Oct. 31, 1870. Ellery A. Hibbard, Laconia, born July 31, 1826; ap. March 17, 1873. Isaac W. Smith, Manchester; ap. in Feb. 1874. ; SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT, 1874. Jonathan Everett Sargent, Concord. Associate Justices, Charles Doe, Dover William Lawrence Foster, Concord; William Spencer Ladd, Lancaster; Ellery Albee Chief Justice, ; Hibbard, Laconia Isaac ; Attorney General, State Reporter. W. Smith, Manchester. Lewis Whitehouse Clark, Manchester. John Major Shirley, Andover. ATTORNEY GENERALS FROM 1776 1778 1781 1782 1786 1786 1787 1793 1801 1802 1805 Wyseman 1776. 1806 Samuel Bell, Chester. 1807 William K. Atkinson. Samuel Livermore. Wyseman Claggett. 1812 Daniel French, Chester. 1815 George Sullivan. John Sullivan. 1835 Charles F. Gove, Goffstown. John Pickering. 1843 Lyman B. Walker, Gilford. Benjamin West. John Prentice, Londonderry. 1848 John S. Wells, Exeter. 1848 John Sullivan, Exeter. Joshua Atherton. William Gordon. 1863 C. Clark, Manchester. Mason, Portsmouth. 1872 Lewis W. Clark, Manchester. Jeremiah George Sullivan, Exeter. Claggett. Wm. THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. deed was considered a Hampshire and Massachusetts. This deed pui'ported to have been given to the Rev. John Wheelwright, by four Indian Sagamores in May, 1629, conveying certain territory located in the south-eastern portion of the State, and embracing within its borders the towns of New Market, Exeter, Londonderry, Derry and For over one hundred years, or up valid instrument by people both in to 1800, this New other towns. It is the foundation for the early history of the settlements of more than one third of the State prior to 1750. Since 1800, certain parties in Massachusetts have convinced themselves, that the deed was a forgery, and it is so established by the Massachusetts Historical Society. If their statements are true, that part of the early history of New Hampshire covered by this deed is a blank, �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 636 and Exeter, the third settled town in the State, has never had her true early history written. Our was a limited information does not warrant us to assert that this deed valid document, but it stands recorded in the Rockingham County Records as being a legal instrument. Some persons in this State have embraced the same views advanced by Dr. Savage, former President of the Massachusetts Historical Society. In the following article we have advanced a few reasons may deed why this nof be valid, notwithstanding other statements to the con- trary. Was the deed of four Indian Sagamores to Rev. John Wheelwright, and others, 17th May 1629, a forgery ? Hon. James Savage, former President of the Massachusetts Historical Society says " Before June 13, 1820, I had no more suspicion of the truth of the deed to Wheelwright and four others of 17 May 1629, than ; of the charter of 4th March 1628-29, for the coloney of Massachusetts Bay or any other disputed document." After 1820, it appears that Mr. Savage became fully convinced that was a base forgery, and in the appendix of Winthrop's History of New England, Vol. 1, sets forth his reasons for thus believing. In his first argument he says, " No Indian deed, in my knowledge, the Wheelwright deed of 1629, have examined many, was ever drawn so long, formal and pre" This deed was, it will be said, drawn by one of the grantees. But who could have done it in so clerk-like length and beauty, more than a year before any lawyer, except Thomas Morton of Merry Mount and I cise. " came to this country " ? The Rev. John Wheelwright, was a man of rare talants in any age, had speculative and liberal ideas believing that church and State should have noconnection — which belief cost him his rights as a citizen, within the ju- Gorges and Mason, had then made a purPlymouth council, of certain territory lying between the Kennebeck, and Merrimack rivers, August 22, 1622, and the next year, sent out people to form a colony on the Piscataqua river. Like the risdiction of Massachusetts. chase, of the Plymouth, no doubt but the early settlers in New-Hampwould be more secure to have a permit, in some form, from the original lords of the soil, and there is little doubt but that the agents of Mason at the Dover settlement consented and were willing to have a formal consent from the Indians, of territory already acquired through grants from the Plymouth Council. At the date of Wheelwright's deed, there were three small tribes of Indians living on the banks of the Piscataqua or its branches. Passaconaway was a sagamore of the Pennacook tribe, and lived on the banks of the Merrimack, near where the city of Concord now stands. The valley of the Merrimack, at that time, was under the control of the Penacooks as hunting grounds, &c. As (is termed in these days) a war first settlers at shire thought they measure for their better protection against the incursions of the Mohawks, a powerful tribe of Indians living on the banks of the Hudson �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 637 and Mohawk rivers these tribes, with others, formed themselves into a confederacy under the name of Pawtucket or Pentucket, and Passaconaway was the chief Sagamore. The Weelwright deed contained land belonging to all these tribes. The Pentucket tribe, of which Runnaawit ; was chief at the signing of the deed, resided in the vicinity of Lowell, but was doubtless more under the control of Passaconaway than the other tribes and no doubt it soon, or was at that time, nearly blended with the Pennacook tribe, as they had built a fort at Pawtucket Falls, This clears the objection of Mr. Savage about the Pawtucket never being heard of after his signing the Wheelwright deed, and the reason why Passaconaway consented to the sale of Pautucket in the deed of Haverhill, Mass., in 1642. Nine years after, when Mr. Wheelwright and followers settled at Squamscot Falls agreeably to the provisions of the deed, he skilfully drew up a compact forming the settlers into a body politic and bylaws governing them, and who can doubt his ability to draft that deed, when they see the judgment he exercised in penning the laws governLowell. chief's first settlers of Exeter, In speaking of the provisions of the deed, Mr. Savage asks " Why should the Indians require that their grantees shall, within ten years, begin a plantation at Squamscot Falls, and to avoid contentions amongst them, should be subjected to the colony of Massachusetts!" As has been said, the Indians were jealous that their rights of land might be infringed upon, and probably the grantees were asked why they wanted this large If other tract, and were obliged to tell what they intended to do with it. persons should come and settle within the jurisdiction of this grant, this deed showed they must be amenable to the colony of Massachusetts, and any one can plainly see that it was not the grantors who required these provisions; but the grantees. Again Mr. Savage says " The grantees, five in number, wei'e not heard of for five years." This may be true, but Many men it does not invalidate the deed on that account in the least. in New-Hampshire, to-day, hold deeds of lands in the West who were never there, and probably never will be Mr. Savage places great stress about the witnesses, nine in number, who saw the deed signed, sealed and delivered. Signed, sealed and delivered does not follow that the grantors must deliver the deed to the grantees, but to any one who is considered an agent or attorney for the grantee. Another query is, how could so many be gathered at Squamscot Falls so far from any settlement in those early days ? If there was one sachem, three witnesses, and one man to act for the grantees, the deed would be valid, because there were nine witnesses, and they could have been at Dover, and the other six saw it signed and delivered by the three other chiefs, but thoughtlessly kept the same date, which, as Mr. Savage says, was the Sabbath. This may be true, for in these days we have known men who piously observe the Sabbath day, but forget the day till they are reminded of it by seeing people passing on the way to church. Another reason why the deed was a forgery is, that Wheelwright was not in this country till 1636, or seven years after the date of the deed. He might ing the — — �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 638 have been in Asia through the whole time, but if he had taken possession at the time stated in the deed it would not have been vititated. But " Mrs. Pierson, daughter of here is what he says on that matter. " Wheelwright told Cotton Mather, that her father's coming over with "his family was in the same ship with Mr. Samuel Whiting, the min" ister of Lynn, and others, and he adds of them " who we are all sure 11 This statement may all be true, but it does not necessarily follow that he did not come at another time before his family. Because there is no record of his being here before 1636, (as Mr. Savage says there is none) it does not prove that he did not come, but rather the circumstances in connection with this deed, prove that records in those days were not kept correct which can be substantiated in hundreds of In this connection it is only necessary to say that Mr. other instances. Savage's principal evidence, Cotton Mather, believed the Wheelwright deed to be correct, if he did bring his family in 1636, The next bold statement Mr. Savage makes is this " Of the nine Eng" lish witnesses in whose presence this deed is attested to be signed, seal" ed and delivered the 17th of May, 1629, I believe we may entertain *' very strong doubts whether more than one was then in this country." This is a presumptuous statement, nearly all founded on negative evidence and probabilities, which can always be produced when required, or predicated on neighborhood gossip, and brought in as proof after all the men have been dead more than one hundred years. The only true facts of any reliance are, that they were here in 1639, and the deed makes them here in 1629 Here are a few of the grounds upon which he bases this statement. First, John Oldham came in theAnn, in 1623, to Plymouth. John Oldham and Richard Vines of which livery of seizin was given in 1630, in which grant their undertaking to transport fifty persons thither must imply their presence in England." In those days, as now, firms have their agents and the man may be in China, still his business is transacted through his house as if he was in London and letters may speak as if they had seen the man in London when in fact, he was in this country at the time. The above is the way all the witnesses of this deed are explained away. In 1870, there were living in other States in this Union, 125,000 persons who were natives of NewHampshire, and what reliance can be placed by letters of the date of one hundreth part of these people when they left this State, one hundred and fifty years hence and this is the kind of evidence that Mr. Savage produces to prove that these eight witnesses were in England when it is said they were here to sign this deed. It is a brittle thread of evidence to throw away one third of all the early history of NewHampshire that stood undisputed for nearly one hundred years, and men must have more courage than we allow to ourselves even to attempt it. Another strong evidence why this deed is a forgery is, that the Indian sachem Wehanownowit who signed the deed in 1629, give Wheelwright and Story another deed of part of the same territory, April 3, 1638. Mr. Savage asks "why did he give this new deed of this land previously came in 1636." — �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. There 639 nothing strange in this, especially in those early to grow uneasy about white intrusions on their territory and doubtless Wheelwright and his people thought they would be more secure to take a new grant from this Chief, as he pretended to hold control of all that Wild land. These deeds, under the law, were never considered worth the paper they were written on, except as evidences of priority of occupation of territory, which was important in deciding who first occupied certain territory claimed by the Masonian granted? is The Indians had begun days. ; heirs. Gorges and Mason had a grant of this same territory, as can be seen, in they applied for a new grant of the same territory they had purchased in 1622, as they also did of territory now comprising the land from Naumkeag River at Salem, Mass., and the whole of Cape Ann. With much more propriety could the question be asked, Why did Gorges and Mason require new grants of land purchased seven years before? In the first volume of the New-Hampshire Provincial Records, in speaking of these grants, it says, " the inference is that all the other grants had failed through some defect; especially was this the case of the grant of August 10, 1622." Was not the Wheelwright deed, made six months previous, the cause of their investigations as to the validity of their deed of Aug. 10, 1622? The Wheelwright deed first came before the courts and the public in the case of Allen vs. Waldron, in 1707, and 1708. The heirs of John Wheelwright, at that time, were living in York County, Maine, and this deed was doubtless in their possession. How long it was in their hands before it was placed on file in the York County records is not known, but a certified copy of this deed was used as evidence in this case but still it was not recorded till 1713, in this county, and in the Rockingham Records in 1714. Mr. Savage requires to know, why the original deed was not produced instead of a certified copy? In all of our early settlements, legal papers were placed on tile; as no books were provided at that early date to record them in, and copies of these files were suffered to go out of the office, but not the originals. Doubtless this must be the case of this deed, for it was not recorded in the books till five years after the copy was used in the courts. By inquiry any person will find this to bo true of the early provincial records of New-Hampshire. In reference to the signatures of the grantors of this deed, Mr. Savage " But the signing is a remarkable point. All the six marks are says. " different yet not one is an Indian mark. These who are conversant " with the habits of the aboriginees in this particular know their pride " is exhibited by animal or other devices on the same principal of human " nature that led civilized men to the "bost of heraldry" to put family, " or fancy arms and mottoes on their seals." In this respect Mr. Savage again makes a presumptuous statement, not warranted by the true facts in the case. The original deed and the legal copies did or do have the animal or other devices affixed to the respective signatures of the grantors, notwithstanding other statements to 1622, but November 17, 1629, ; the contrary. �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 640 But the most important evidence introduced by Mr. Savage and other opponents of the Wheelwright deed, is a letter purporting to have been written by Walter Neal and Thomas Wiggin to John Mason. This letter is dated at Northam, August 13, 1633, and is relative to surveying lands in Exeter, Hampton and Portsmouth. There is another letter speaking of the same land, nearly word for word, but dated August 13, 1632. The letter in 1633. is put on file first, but for what reason no one knows or why two letters are written alike, or why the date should be one year different. It appears that these letters may be forged, but no reason can be assigned why such letters were written or what ends can be answered by them. The dates of these letters indicate that they were written seven known as Northam six years before Winnecuniwas known as Hampton, and twenty years before Strawberry Bank was known as Portsmouth, yet these letters speak about the towns of Hampton, Northam and Portsmouth. It also speaks about Wheelwright and Exeter. There is evidently something wrong about these letters, but we are unable to see what connection they have with the validity of the Wheelwright deed any more than with Dover or Portsmouth. Mr. Savyears before Dover was ; et age and other parties aver that if these letters are forgeries, the deed They carry the idea that they were written for the purpose of sustaining the Wheelwright deed. If these letters had must also be a forgery. ever been introduced in any legal form to prove the authenticity of this deed by parties in its interest, there would be some grounds for these statements. But who can honestly believe that persons wishing to sustain the validity of this deed would concoct such blundering letters as these, for the principal evidence to prove it to be a genuine instrument. The parties who wrote those letters doubtless knew the history of those towns quite as well as Mr. Savage, and purposely placed Portsmouth twenty, Northam seven, and Hampton six years before they were ever thought of, to make it appear ridiculous in the eyes of the public. Now we ask in all candor in view of the foregoing facts on this point, if it does not look more rational that the enemies of the Wheelwright claims drafted these letters? If there was a purpose in writing these letters to connect them with the deed, there is no doubt but they were written for the purpose of defeating, rather than sustaining it. The other arguments advanced by Mr. Savage to destroy the authenticity of the deed are in form atheistical and deistical, viz. reasoning and interrogatories, and are put on the same grounds that Infidels use to discredit the authenticity of the Bible such as did Cain marry his sister or how could he build the city of Enoch in the land of Nod, with no one but himself, wife and son to inhabit it. Such questions and reasoning without any common Bense, consideration would entirely destroy, in the minds — of the people, the truth of the Bible. ; They are questions that cannot be because they are not given. So with any ancient history, it is condensed at every new edition to make room for some of more modern date. So with the Wheelwright deed. When the question is asked " how could so many witnesses, grantors and grantees be answered in detail �TIIE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 641 gathered at Squamscot Falls, so for in the wilderness without roads, &c, it is better fitting to come from a child or a Bible infidel then from an acknowledged intelligent man. All we have is this which has been on record for nearly one hundred and ; there fifty is years, a deed show- ing that certain grantors give to certain grantees a large tract of land in Buckingham County.* History has handed down in brief that nearly mentioned deed lived at its date, but the full dedays of earthly enjoyment, and their many hours of deep affliction, no biographer has ever penned. In summing up all the reasons and arguments of Mr. Savage and others why the deed is a forgery, in connection with other facts which are sugall the parties tails of in that all their social relations, their gested as to its validity, we are led to the following reasoning. Mr. Savage carries the idea, in the commencement, that the parties who drafted that deed were men of more than ordinary ability, owing to its beauty, clerklike length, and its provisional details. But after this, his whole arguments go to prove, that the parties connected with this forged deed (as he calls it) are the most imbecile set of men who ever made any pretensions to transact business, or to common intelligence. This deed (as he proves it) was a continuous set of blunders from its beginning to the end, as to dates and historical facts. He proves satisfactorily to himself that at the purported date of the deed, there was no man in the country with the talent to draft it, no grantors that could be present, and that the other twelve persons were not in this country at the date of The its execution. time this deed was ever brought into court was in the case of Allen vs. Waldron, in 1707, and over one hundred years before any attempt was made to prove that it was a forgery. Now if it was a forged deed it was executed near that date, and for that trial, for at prior trials relative to similar claims it was not produced. If it was a forgery who were the parties to this rascality? John Pickering and Charles Story were the Counsel. Allow that both were base enough to lend their hands to such iniquity, would they show such ignorance at that date as to the history of the parties connected with this deed? Would they naturally have had nothing right and everything wrong? The true facts are, that Mr. Pickering and Mr. Story were well versed in the history of the early settlers in that section at the date of this trial, and they both had seen many per»sons who lived in the days of Wheelwright and other parties mentioned in the deed. We ask in all candor and reason, if any unprejudiced person cun fully believe, that these men, knowing the wary counsel they had first In 1737-38 when the boundary line was pending between Massachusetts and New-Hainp(which was finally established in 1741,) the authorities of Massachusetts introduced the Wheelwright deed as evidence to prove that the division line between the two States should be so established as to include all the territory embraced in this deed, as it mentioned in its provisions that persons living within the limits stated, should be under the jurisdiction of Massa* Bhire, chuestts. These papers are now preserved in the Capitol at Concord, and are pronounced as forgeries by who once produced them to secure nearly one half million acres of land now owned by the State, the State of New-Hampshire. �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 642 who watched every movement would have shown such imbecility as to have draft- to contend with, also the learned court as the cause progressed ed a deed and to have all the parties connected with it to be in such a position as to be impossible to be present when it was executed. They showed they had some faint history about some of the persons connected with this deed, for there is no doubt but all of them were once alive, and lived in New-Hampshire at some date. They must also have known about Wheelwright at the time of this court, for he was not an obscure the early history of New-Hampshire or New-England— the oppocounsel knew him well for his name figured in this case. Under these circumstances does it look reasonable, that Mr. Pickering would write it himself or allow such a deed to be brought into court as evidence, when the opposite counsel were liable to know it was a forgery? Men who concoct forgery or counterfeit weigh the matter in all its bearings, before they commence, and intend it will imitate and appear genuine. It is seldom they ever make more than one mistake, and that Mr. Savage attempts to prove that is generally in the mechanical part. man in site is a total mistake in every respect, and not right appears like some trials in court where all the evidence on one side, is so positive on every point that their case becomes weak. If he had brought sufficient evidence to prove one or two important points relative to the authenticity of the deed, it might have looked rational, but instead, he proves that there were no grantors, no grantees, and but one witness out of the nine in this country and that one would not have signed it that no person had the talent to have written such a deed, and to cap the climax the 17th day of May was the Sabbath day. There never was on record, or ever heard of, such a total mistake, and not one thing right, where deception was intended to be used, as the forgery of the Wheelwright deed—and the great mystery is that people living over one hundred years after the transaction, can find out the true dates better than those living at or near the time it is said the forgery was com- this Wheelwright deed in any. To us it ; mitted. This deed has been sustained by the cohrts of the State, by Dr. Belknap, by Governor William Plumer, first President of the New-Hampshire Historical Society, Nathaniel Adams, and many others who could In 1720, the people who settled in Londonderry purbe mentioned. chased their right of Colonel John Wheelwright who had claim to thi3, land through this Wheelwright deed, and it now stands recorded as a legal document. We candidly ask are a majority of the people of Newto lend their hands to have this deed expunged from the legal records of Rockingham County as a forgery? For over one hundred years this deed has been considered a genuine document, and has been an important connecting link in the early history of southern New-Hampshire. From this deed starts the first history of Exeter, Lon- Hampshire prepared donderry, Chester Epping and many other towns in that section of the State, and it has been sustained by our courts and all our historians up to 1800. �THE WHEELWRIGHT DEED. 643 — It may be a forgery as stated by Mr. Savage but before it is fully dropped from New-Hampshire's early history, there should be stronger evidence and more conclusive arguments adduced than have yet appeared, in our opinion, for any son of New Hampshire to lend his aid to its obliteration.* Since writing the foregoing, relative to the Wheelwright Deed, the Rev. Dr. Bouton, State Historian, has carefully prepared a paper on this important subject, and after weighing all the points touching this deed, he has become fully convinced that it must be a forgery. We make no issue with Dr. Bouton, for his historical research is far beyond what we can ever hope to attain. But our only regret is, that this conclusion has been deferred to so late a period, and that it has not been placed in the Provincial Records where it rightfully belongs. * It is to be hoped that before another history of New-Hampshire is written, prominent men connected with the New-Hampshire Historical Society will fully investigate this question and decide whether the people of this State can live under this deed, or to have it expunged from the early records of New-Hampshire. �644 STATISTICAL TABLES. TABULAR STATEMENT Showing the population of all the towns and cities 6,000 and upwards. ALABAMA. in the United States, of �STATISTICAL TABLES. MASSACHUSETTS CONTINUED. POP. Gloucester Haverhill Essex Essex Essex Essex Essex Essex Essex Essex Lawrence Lynn Marblehead Newbury port Pea body Salem Chicopee Holyoke , 12,595 7.343 24.11' Hampden .. Hampden. .. Springfield Hampden... Westfield Hampden Northampton Cambridge Charlestuwn Lowell Natick Newton Somerville Waltham Woburn BroQkliue Dedham Quincy "West .. Hampshire. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Middlesex .. Norfolk Norfolk Norfolk Norfolk Norfolk Maiden Marlborough Roxbury Weymouth Plymouth No. Bridgewater... Plymouth Plymouth Plymouth Abiugton .. .. .. Boston. Suffolk Fiteubiirg Milford Worcester.. Worcester.. Worcester.. Worcester 15,389 13,092 28,921 28.233 7,7d3 9,60 10,733 26,703 6.519 10,160 39,634 28,323 40,928 7,367 8,474 6.404 12,825 14,68, 9,065 8,560 6,650 7,34: 7,44: 8,683 9,010 9,308 8,007 6,238 250,526 11,200 9,890 41,105 MICHIGAN. Branch Calhoun Calhoun Genesee Coidwater Battle Creek... Marshall Flint Lansing Jackson Ingham , Kalamazoo .... Grand Rapids. Adrian Ishptmiug Jackson Kalamazoo.. Kent Lenawee Marquette... Monroe Muskegon Monroe Muskegon Pontiac East Saginaw.. Oakland Saginaw Saginaw Saginaw Port Huron Ann Arbor Tpsilanti Detroit ... St. Clair Washtenaw. Washtenaw Wayne M 1 N N ESOTA. St. Joseph. Buchanan Jefferson City Cole Kansas City.... Lexington Hannibal Jackson .... Lafayette.. Marion 5,906 7,026 5,909 7,528 6,064 11,447 10,44 18,15 8,438 6,103 6,089 6,403 5.942 11 350 8,464 6,805 8,746 7,032 79,57 645 �646 STATISTICAL TABLES. NEW-YORK CONTINUED. COO.NTIES. Warwick Orange, Barre i Oswego Tolney h leans Flashing Hampstead Newton North Hampstead Oyster Bay Queens Queens Queens Queens Greenbush Lansingburgb Trov Renssalaer Renssalaer Renssalaer New-Brighton Middletown . ... 20.91(1 6J665 Ross Scioto Stark Chiilicothe... Portsmouth Canton , OREGON. Richmond Richmond . .. 6,804 . . — .. Riciimond ... . 6,2 <- .. Allegheny 46,4415 9,504 7,495 7,589 5,949 6,412 6,810 8,537 7,516 .. Pittsburgh Beks Cambria Carbon ... Loi khaven Meailvil'e Citnaville Carlisle Clinton Crawford. ... Crawford.. .. Cumberland. Dauphin Harrisburgh Chester 7.771 Delaware.... Eric Erie luffolk 6,13. Lancaster South Suffolk 6,71. New Castle. Owego Tioga 9,442 Lebanon Ithaca Ithaca Kingston Tompkins Tompkins 10.159 10,704 ... ... Wawarsing Ulster Ulster Ulster Clster Qneensl ury Warren Cortlan.lt Westchester. Westchester. Westchester. Westchester Westchester Westchester. Westchester. Westchester Westchester. Westchester East Chester Greenburgb Peekskill Morrisania 0s6iuing West) bester West Farms Yonkers . .. Berne Raleigh ., New Hanover. Craven Wake Williamsp.il , 7 41)1 .. . 6,561 Philadelphia. Butler Mahanoy Springfield Cleveland. .. Newburgh. .. . . | aign... Clark tayahoga... i Cuyahoga.. Delaware . Delaware Sandusky ... Erie Columbus ... Franklin .... 2 'iiia Cincinnati... Bpringneld .. Bteubenville. Newark Toledo Greene Hamilton Hamilton Pottsville .... Cornplanter 13,440 5,840 10,149 . York Warwick Newport North Piqua Dayton . -Miami Zanesville. .. Circleville... Mansfield.... Pr..\ i.l.n. iYo\ idence .•. Providence Providence Providence 11,081 6,103 6.227 6,861 St. Helena. Charleston St. .billies ... ry Hontgo Mnskingnm.. Pickaway.... Richland .... Beaufort < . . . lha rleston , Colombia. Fourth .... TENNESSEE. Nashville li.it tanooga. Knoxville ... i Memphis ... .[Davidson Hamilton . Knox . | .... Shelby... TEXAS. San Antonio. Galveston ... 'Galveston Sherman 10 ray son. Houston .... .... . , 6,96' 80,478 10,011 6,922 8,029 , Charleston Charleston Richland .. Richland ... . Johns 81,274 8,631 216,23 6,548 8,107 6,698 81,684 10,837 . SOUTH CAROLINA. 15 632 92,-829 I . Licking Lucas Mahoning Venango fork RHODE ISLAND. Kent New port .. Pawtucket Woonsocket 13.011 Jeffei son Youngstuwn Philadelphia.. Schuylkill Schuylkill Schuylkill Schuylkill.... , .... Tamaqua 18.83! . Northampton. , Providence Butler Cham Montgomery Monioiir Easton 19,609 7,798 7,150 6,015 9,372 .... Mercer Danville 10,79i .. .... Lycoming t Hickory Nor ris town.. 11,694 OHIO. Hamilton Urhana Luzerne Luzerne Luzerne Luzerne . Scranton Wilkesbarre ... . Lawrence Lebanon Lehigh Pitts ton NORTH CAROLINA. Wilmington New Franklin Lancaster Lancaster ... ..... Allentown.. Carbondale 8,464 21,943 10,114 10,455 8,151 8,387 . Rye Chambersburg. Columbia 10,10; ...'.... Blair Mauch Chunk 6,502 . Allegheny... Allegheny... Allegheny... Reading Altoona Johnstown 11,020 6,236 6 014 10,076 \]le;Jieny Biniingham E. Birmingham. Suffolk Suffolk Sau^erties 7,965 6,654 10,59.") Brookhaven Huntington Southampton Komiout loom; Washington. Wayne Wooster. 20,274 6,540 Rockland.... Orangetown Rockland. ... Baratoga Springs.. Saratoga ..... Saratoga Springs.. Saratoga .... Schenectady Schenectady. Bath Steuben Corning Steuben Canton St. Lawrence. Ogdensburg St. Lawrence. Potsdam St. Lawrence. lid 8,920 10,592 8,060 , , Summit Akron 14,060 Marietta , Richmond Nqrthfield Havei -tiaw COUNTIES. TOWN'S. 5,736 6.756 Oswego Oswego Queens Castletoii OHIO CONTINUED. POP. I Bexar Harris .... , .... �STATISTICAL TABLES. VERMONT. TOWNS. G47 ��NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 649 NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. The following a list of persons from fifty-eight cities and towns in subscribed for the Gazetteer prior to its publication. Many of these towns have been only partially canvassed, but the sale has been far beyond our most sanguine expectation. Other names will follow as soon as received. the State, is who have ALSTEAD. Barns, L. A. Chapin, Rev. Geo. F. Huntley, E. A. Kidder, E. P. Mayo, Geo. A. Prouty, S. W. Scott, S. BATH. Bedel, Gen. John Child, Dr. Wni. Hutchinson, C. C. Leonard, Geo. C. Noyes, J. C. Prescott, A. P. , Physician. Tin & Stove Dealer. Hadley, E. H. Bean, Edwin 0. Blaisdell, Rev. Geo. B. Clark, Chas. C. Folsom, Joseph Gale, N. B. Hall, Joseph A. Hall, Josiah Hill, Solon F. Kilborn, Fred S. • Knowles, Joseph M. Lamprey, Samuel Moody, Chas. E. Morrill, Josiah B. Morrill, Levi W. Norris, Chas. H. Philbrick, Monroe Ranlet, James E. p. Sanborn, Frank W. Sanborn, Geo. H. Sanborn, Lowell Young, Herbert T. Young, Ira BRADFORD. Abbott, Mrs. Sarah M. Bailey, J. C. Undertaker. Farmer. Baldwin, Geo. E. R. R. Contractor. Bates, Samuel Manufacturer. Bates, R. Horse Dealer. Blood, H. L. Mechanic. Buswell, J. F. Merchant Tailor. Butman, D. D. Farmer. Brown, C. W. Carpenter. Carr, Daniel Merchant. Cheney, Fred Farmer. Cheney, Chas. M. Farmer. Clark, N. if. Physician. Colby, Silas Merchant. Colby, Harvey Cressey, Geo. W. John M. French, J. E. BELMONT. Eugene Eaton, John H. Farmer. Eaton, Geo. W. Farmer. Eaton Joshua Farmer. Farmer. Fifield, Wm. B. Fitts, Whitcomb, Horace Bailey, Cressey, Addison S. Farmer. Cressy, Charles Farmer. Durell, Mrs. David Davis, Chas. F. Farmer. Dunfield, Geo. T. Farmer. Eaton, Ira K. Farmer. Eaton, Marshall Painter. Eaton, E. H. Farmer. Farmer. Blacksmith. Hall, Isaac E. Farmer. Hall, Mary Produce Dealer. Hall, Oi. Hartshorn, David H. Farmer. Hastings, A. J. Book Agent. Holmes, Susanna Hurd J. Carl Medicine Manufacturer. Jameson, Leonard Farmer. Jameson, Ozias Butcher. Jones, J. C. Overseer. Jones, Timothy P. Lumber Dealer. Jones. T. A. J. Manufacturer. Marshall, Geo. H. Painter. Marshall, J. P. Manufng Agent, and Glass Ware Dealer. Morgan, Geo. S. Produce. Morse, Jobn W. Merchant. Muzzey, Daniel F. Mechanic. Newton, Sereno Nichols, George Shoemaker. Farmer. Carpenter. Peaslee, D. G. Lumber Dealer. Pierce, Caroline Russell, John E. Jeweler. Sawyer, Geo. M. Farmer. Sawyer, Geo. 0. Merchant. Smith, J. A. Carriage Mancfacturer. Osborn, A. J. Steele, G. H. Farmer. Tappan, Mason W. Attorney at Law. Whitcomb, Parker S. Mechanic. Woods, John A. Mechanic. CANAAN. Barney, A. 0. Merchant. Carter, Barron Farmer. Clement, 0. F. Carpenter. Day, Charles Lumber Dealer. Fogg, Harrison Farmer. Fogg, Wallace G. Farmer. George, A. H. Paper Manufacturer. Hoit, W. E. Merchant. Nichols, B. P. Merchant. Plummer, E. W. Railroad Laborer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 650 Smith, Elijah Lumber Dealer. Smith, L. W. Lively and Boarding Stable. Stocker, P. H. Carriage Maker. Lumber Story, Otis J. Dealer. Physician. Tucker. E. M. Weeks, J. Lawyer D. ' \\ illia, Nathan Caipenter. Woodbury, E. J. Merchant. Worcester, Hazen F. r CANTERBURY. Ames, L. Ayers, B. F. Battes, A. A. Battes, L. F. Battes, Orrin Boyuton, Rufus Chandler, J. K. Cogswell, W. M. Colby, James Colby, Lewis Colby, Leonard James Oilman, Mary H. Glines, Charles John Hanaford, A. L. Heath, Joseph Higgins, Rev. J. B. M. J. 0. Board of Agriculture. City Collector. Sec. of Wm. H. W. E. Clerk. Clough, George Cogswell, P. B. Editor. Colby, James B. Conductor C. R. R. Coming, Charles H. Law Student. Conger, Everett Clergyman. Cook, C. L. Insurance Agent. Cooper, J. A. Crosby, A. H. Physician. Curley, Timothy Butcher. . Ludlow, Wbitten Daniel, T. D. Monmouth, Mrs. Lizzie Moore, Mathias Moody, Delbert Morrill, J. 6. Osgood, Edward Parker. J. G. Pickard, S. C. Smith. B. II. Taylor, J. K. Tilt. .11, Mrs. Ellen E. Webster, Lucy M. L. CHARLESTOWN. Albee, L. W. Dentist, South Charlestown. Bai .1. Geo. S. ]i..wker, Geo. H. Brigge & Co. Chase Francis Hubbard, Geo. Olcott, Geo. Banderson, S. H. Wood, Editor. Henry A. Closson, Kaine, J. S. Kimball, J. E. Lougee, Edmund Wnidden, Thomas York, 0. W. Editor. Ayer, A. R. Dealer in Carpets and Crockery. Bartley, Joseph D. Prin. of High School. Batchelder, N. S. Bean, P. C. Clerk. Beede, Daniel G. Supt. Public Instruction. Bixby, P. P. Clerk to State Treasurer. Blake, S. L. Clergyman. Booth, W. D. Telegraph. Brown, John F. Dealer in Books & Stationery Campbell, H. Register of Deeds. Carr, N. G. Statesman Block. Jeweller. Chase, Wm. M. Attorney at Law. Chesly, James Mason. Clark, Warren Attorney at Law. Cleeves, George P. Manufacturer. Foster, Moody Foster, N. K. Mc J. CONCORD. Adams, Allison, Dyball, Doc E. P. Elkius, James S. Foster, Lyman B. Hill, Samuel Ingalls, Daniel Thomas Weber, Joseph Daw, Glines Lasier, Nevers. Henry A. Parker, H. W. Attorney and M. C. Robinson, J. W. Insurance Agent. Rowell, Granville Roys, Henry Smith, S. P. Smith, Wm. M. Dentist. Physician. Tolles, N. Tutherly, W. E. Wait, G. W. Jeweller. Waite, Otis F. R. Author. Way, 0. B. Physician. Willard, Currier, \V. M. H. Davis, S. S. Daw, Levi P. W. Doldt, Rev. Dutton, N. T. Graves, L. G. Physician. Hapgood, E. L. Postmaster. Jarvis, Samuel G. Physician. Kempton, L. M. Manufacturer. Ladd, William C. CLAREMONT. W. H. II. Judge of Probate. Back. J Dentist. Baiby, Win. Grocer. Baker, Edward D. Attorney at Law. Allen, Blgley, W. Henry Briggs, F. A. Manuf r. Colby, Ira Jr. Attorney at Law. Dart. Thomas Cm rier, D. Clerk. Curtis, Silas Clergyman. Danforth, C. C. Insurance Agent. Merchant. Dodge, Frank L. Sheriff. Davis, C. C. Dow, Edward Drake, Alfred Architect. Engineer. Drew, George W. Sewing Machine Agent. Farnliam, C. E. Farrington, Hiram Farmer. Faunce, D. W. Clergyman. Foster, William L. Justice of S. J. C. Fowler, A^a Attorney at Law, 2 copies. Gale, A. J. Dealer in Boots and Shoes. Gallanger, J. H. Physician. Oilman, Wm. Dealer in Boots and Shoes. Gilmore, Win. H. Editor. Haines, Geo. P. Book-keeper. Haines, J. M. Adj. General. Hall, R. Proprietor Birch Dale House. Hall, Samuel B. Farmer. Harriman, Walter Navy Agent. Harris, A. G. Merchant. Haseltlne, Fred R. R. Thomas P. Leather Dealer. 4 P. 0. Clerk. S. W. Humphrey, Stillman Hardware Dealer. Jenks, E. A. Mannger N. II. Statesman. Hill, Book, Johnson, G. B. Wholesale Shoe Dealer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Mechanic. Dry Goods Dealer. Butcher. Dry Goods Dealer. Kelley, Geo. F. Kilburn, G. T. Kilburn, J. C. Kilburu, J. C. Kimball, Wm. Kimball, Wm. Chase, Chase, Chase, Colby, State Librarian. II. For State Library. Merchant. Lancaster, A. C. Clerk in Bank. Lane, S. G. Attorney at Law. Lang, J. E. Insurance Agent. Lawrence, G. E. Manufacturer. Lovering, J. F. Clergyman. Mace, F. P. Clerk. Marshall, Auson S. Attorney at Law. McFarland, Asa Former Editor N. H. States- Knowlton, II. E. L. man. Moore, C. W. Insurance Agent. Moore, J. C. Editor. Mower, Odlin, State L. L. Nutter, E. House Jaintor. S. W. Page, Samuel B. Attorney at Law. 2 Cop. Parkhurst, Pbin Musician. Pearson, C. C. Editor. Pearson, J. II. Perkins, H. E. Attorney at Law. Pettengill, C. B. jr. Mechanic. Pierce, A. C. Bank. Mudgett, F. J. Blacksmith. Osgood, J. C. Clergyman. Putnam, Rufus Pillsbury, Oliver Pillsbury, T. A. Pond, John Insurance Commissioner. Deputy Warden State Prison. 'Mechanic. Secretary of State. S. Prescott. B. F. Band, H. B. Mason. Band, H. J. Mechanic. Rand, J. B. Real Estate Agent. Richardson, K. II. Webber, Granite, 4 copies. Rolle, II. P. Attorney at Law. Sanborn, Peter Sanders, F. L Mechanic. Sargent, C. W. Treasurer. Sargent, Everett J. C. J. S. J. Court, 2 copies. Scribner, F. B. Cleric. Seconib, D. F. Melodeon Manufacturer. Shaw, N. G. Mechanic. Stevens, James Real Estate Agent. Stevens, W. E. Editor. Stevens, Zelotes Marble Worker. Storrs, Wm. W. Wm. Cashier First National Bank. Thompson, A. B. Deputy Secretary State. Wales, Geo. W. Horse man. Walker, J. B. Farmer. F*. Warde, D. A. Hardware Dealer. Webber, B. G. CI rk First National Bank. Webster, I). S. Job teamster and dealer wood and lumber. Tailor. Woodbury, F. D. Printer. Wright, W. H. Dealer in Gloves. CONTOOCOOK. Bacon, John H. Mason. Barnes, Geo. A. Farmer. Barnard, Joseph Lumber Dealer and Farmer. Batchelder, Sarah Blaisdell, G. C. Blake, Charles Farmer. J. L. Physician. Farmer. Farmer. II. CROYDON. Austin, Hiram Barton, Fred Bartou, W. N. Physician. Cooper, Lemuel P. Farmer. Cutting. Alford Farmer. Davis, James W. Dodge, Frank Durkee, Ruel Farmer. Fletcher, Geo. K. Hall, Daniel R. Hall, Worthen Hurd, John Reed, Alonzo Farmer. Rowell, Emily F. Rowell, Eugene A. Ryder, Daniel Farmer. Warren, Mary E. DOVER. in Wheeler, Giles Architect. Wiggin, A. H. Periodical Dealer. Alfred Farmer. Richardson, Thomas B. School Teacher. Sleeper, N. D. Clergyman. Straw, G.J. R. R. Man. Taggart, J. L. Farmer. Tuttle, Jacob S. Farmer. Upton, Edson Wheelwright. Mechanic. Roby, Luther Woodman, H. D. Farmer. Nathaniel C. R. R. Shop. Orrin Railroad Man. Geo. W. J. Sash and blinds. Corliss, Elbridge. Carpenter. Currier, Amos II. Farmer. Curtice, G. A. Merchant. Cutler, Hiram. Farmer. Danforth, Chas. H. Farmer. Downs, John H. Carpenter. Dwinuells, Mrs. Carrie M Dwinnells, Warren P. Farmer. Fellows, H. A. Merchant. Flanders, R. P Merchant. Heath, J. A. Jeweler. Howard, Lewis Clergyman. Jackman, G. W. Farmer. Jones, Thomas B. Farmer. Kelley, Fred'k H. Merchant. Kempton, Warren Kit Manufacturer. Kimball, Hannah Libby Geo. A. Carpenter. McAlpine, Mrs. Hannah Farmer. Montgomery, Charles Carpenter. Montgomery, George Farmer. Morrill, Ebenezer F'armer. Morrill, Jacob M. Carpenter. Morrill, Jonathan M. Dyer. Pierce, Frank H. Attorney at Law. Pillsburv, Geo. A. Piesident First National Thayer, 651 Bedell, Joseph House painter, paints, oils, &c. Brigham, E. T. Photographer. and dealer in Brown, Thomas. Clergymau. Burrough, C. L. Book Binder. Canney, Enoch Blacksmith. Caswell, G. W. Job Team Chamberlain, Edw. B. Pressman at Star Office. Chamberlain, G. W. Attorney at Law. Cnapin, D. W. Dining Rooms, fruits and confectionery. Clarke, G. W. Star Office. Dame, Samuel II. Clerk. Durkan, John D. Wine Dealer. Brown, Rodney Burnham, E. T. Lumber Dealer. Burnham, J. F. Lumber Dealer. Burnham, J. M. Lumber Dealer. Davis D. W. Shoe Finisher. Drew, Isaac M. Grocer. Eglin, Adam Carriage Trimmer. Station Agent. Emmer.-on, Smith Burt, Hermon Chase, Cyrus F. F'arrar, 0. R. R. Man. W. Hoop Farron, Joseph Skirts, Laborer. Fancy Goods. Ac. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 652 Folsum, G. L. Paints, Oil, Glass. Foote & Snell, Hardware Dealers. Ford, Daniel Georgia Ale and BeerManuf r. Foss, Everett 0. Insurance Agent. Foster George J. Democrat Office. Gray, H. Jeweler. Green Thomas I. Upholsterer and Furniture J. Dealer. G rover, F W. Fancy Goods. Guppy. Geo. Fox Dry Goods. Guppy. .James Blacksmith. Haley, Harrison Cash. Cocheco National Bank. Horse Shoers. Hall, W. T. & Son Ham, John R Physician. Hauscom, S. 0. Hayes. Samuel C. Shoe Mauuf'r. Physician. Hill, Levi G. Ilobbs, F. Attorney at Law. Hodgdon, Lyman Market. Home, Jas. A. Jeweler. Horsch, Carl, F. C. Physician. Horton, Chas. Book Binder. Jackson, .James II. Clerk. Libby,J. T. S. Publisher. Malvern, Lewis Clergyman. Mayor. McDonald, James Grocer. Mclsaac, John Carriage Manufacturer. Moulton ACate Stoves, Tin Ware, and Plumbing, Franklin Square. Murphy, Charles W. Dentist. Murray, Frank Saloon. Nealey, B. Frank Dry Goods, Page, Jerome B. Book and Job Printer. Pray, T. J. Quimby, W. Physician. Cigar Manufacturer. E. H. George R. Foster's Dem. Office. Rndlette, J. H. Carriage and Sleigh ManTr. Sanders, Arthur K. Clerk. Sawyer, F. A. & J. M'l'rs of Fancy Woolens. Sawyer. Thos. B. Attorney at Law. Smith. C. E. Kimball House. Smith, John A. New Eng and House. Spaulding, George B. Clergyman. Radcliff, Stackpole, P. A. Physician. Stewart, I. D. Agent F. Bap. Printing Estab. Tarr, W. H. Blacksmith. IV h, George W. Trader. Tasker, Charles W. Dentist. Thurston, James Clergyman. Webster, H. F. Clerk at C. H. Ricker's. Wendell, Daniel II. Gen'l Insurance Agent., corner Main and School streets. Wendell, G. W. Auctioneer and Commission Merchant, Wiggin, IJ. C. American House. Wyatt, Oliver Merchant. ENFIELD. Bradford, John Elder Church Family. Bryant, J. F. Merchant. Burnhani, Silas Farmer. Clark, D. W. Hotel Keeper. Colby, Thomas J. Farmer. Cox, A. A. Lumber Dealer. Cummings, D. M. Machinist Commings, Henry Elder North Family. Davis. D. L. Hosiery, etc. Manufacturer. Day. Ezra Farmer. Dodge, J. W. Hosiery, etc. Manufacturer. Emerson, A. S. Farmer. Foster, B. F. Farmer. Gates, Esther Guild, J. E Parmer. Huntley, W. G. Blacksmith. Huse, E. B. Hue, BE. Johnson, Johnson, M hi. ili E. II. Merchant. Wood Turner. H. J. W. Wool Broker. a i,, V. A. L. Physician. Nelson, J. M. Butcher. Farmer. Carpenter. Pillsbury, T. E. Plummer, A. P. Purmort, C. W. Job Printer. Seabriug, Mary Ann Shattuce, 0. V. Wheelwright. Smith. W. F. Farmer. Stanley, H. B. Jeweler. Stevens, Ann E. Stevens, John II. Farmer. Stevens, J. N. Butcher. Talbot, Leander U. S. Mail Carrier. Wells, E. Stone Cutter. White, Henry Farmer. Williams. S. Laborer. Wilson, Wm. Elder 2d Family. Worthen, C. S. Yeaton, Geo. H. Farmer. Optician. EPSOM. Ayer, D. C. Butcher. Baker, Rev. J. Clergyman. Bickford, A. P. Farmer. Bickloid, M. D. Lumber. Brown, Oliver Farmer. Brown, Samuel Farmer. Brown, Samuel, 2d Farmer. i, Geo. H. Shoemaker. Eastman, Lowell Carpenter. Evans, Andrew J. Farmer. Fowler, William Farmer. Knowles, D. M. Farmer. Knox, Henry Station Agent, S. V. R. R. Leigh ton, Z. Farmer. Martin, Samuel Farmer. Norris, Mrs. M. J. Page, S. T. Farmer. Robinson, J. F. Merchant. Silver, A. J. Merchant. Cnapma Stewart, Mrs. Mary A. Taylor, S. A. Physician. Tenuant. J. B. Trippe, Warren Farmer. Wells. H. 0. Farmer. Worth, G. R. Shoemaker. EXETER. Bachelder, N. T. Mason. Bar tie tt, Ezra Physician. Blake, A. P. Landlord. Brown, John B. Jr. Carpenter. Burleigh, Charles Florist. Caswell, John K. Chadwick, John Teacher. Conner, Alfred Iron Founder. Conner, C. G. Clerk of Court. Conner, William Farmer. Crockett. F. S. Trader. Crummett, S. K. Laborer. Cilley, B. L. Cutts, George S. Trailer. Dow, B. Boot and Shoe Dealer. Dow, George Farmer. Earl, George B. Trader. Elkins, J. P. Trader. Finn, John Laborer. Flood, John Laborer. Fogg, F. M. French, Sperry Teacher. Joshua Hardware. Oilman, John Farmer. Oilman, N. O. Farmer. Hayes, D. Frank Florist and Farmer. Hayes, John F. Carpenter. Hooper, N. Clergyman. James, Elisha Jr. Millwright. Keat, Henry Manufacturer. Kennard, T. L. Inventor and Pattern maker. Getcholl, Lamson, Asa B. Potter. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Lane, Charles A. Mill Furnishing. Ward Carriage Trimmer. Lord, C. II. Paiuter. Lovering, J. M. Custom House, Boston. Mace, Daniel S. Farmer. Mallon, .1. M. Paiuter. Marseilles, Charles Pub. of News Letter. Merrill, A. & Sons Dealers in Wood. Moses, John F. Dealer in Wool and Shoe Leavitt, J. Linings. Odlin. Charles C. Physician. Odlin, J. W. Sheriff. O'Niel, Peter Laborer. Perkins, S. J. Farmer. Perry, W. G. Physician. Puriugton, J. T. Painter. Ranlet, Daniel W. Merchant. Shute, Nathaniel Smith, David Machinist. Smith, Geo. W. Carpenter. Smith, John L. Carpenter. Smith, J. R. Provision Dealer. Stearnes, Eben L. Teacher. Stickney, W. W. Lawyer. Street, George E. Clergyman. Towle, Levi G. Landlord. Young, Charles W. Carpenter. Wadleigh, John W. Farmer. Watson, Irving Jailor. Webster, Abby R. P. Weston, George W. Register of Deeds. Wetherell, George W. Carpenter. Wiggin, George W. Insurance Agent. FISHERVILLE. Amsden, Abby F. Amsden, Chas. H. Furniture Manufacturer. Bonney, H. Hotel. Brown, David A. Bookeeper. Brown, II. II. & Sons. Cotton Manufacturers. Brown, J. S. Cotton Manufacturer. Butler, N. Attorney at Law. Cary M. W. Milkman. Colburn, John A. Harness Maker. Gage, Isaac Saw Manufacturer. Gage, John C. Manufacturer of Lumber. Hall, L. K. Merchant. Hardy, Martha B. Hastings, J. F. Harness Maker. Holmes, J. S. Land Surveyor. Thomas Furniture. Jewett, W. M. R. Clergyman. Kimball. D. F. Igo, Lamprey, M. S. Photographer. Linnaham, John C. Grocer. Moore, Noyes, J. II. Machinist. S. G. Merchant. Trainer, P. II. Carpenter. Wilmar, Fred Miller. FRANCESTOWN. Barrett, Cyrus Wheelwright. Belcher, Lyman Bixhy, J. T. Desk Manufacturer. Bradford, P. B. Pres. First National Bank. Byxbv, D. P. Box Manufacturer. Campbell, II. F. Clergyman. Coehrau, R. J. Farmer. Colburn, E. W. Builder and Draftsman. " Colburn, J. L. Clerk. Dinsmore, S. M. Physician. Downs, Amasa Merchant Downs, George E. Trader. Downs, S. T. Merchant. Epps. Geo. T. Blacksmith. Hotel Keeper. II. Hardy. Luther Farmer. Manahan, Horace Miller. Patch, Hiram Fanner. Farnbam, W. 653 Pettee, George F. Farmer. Roper, E. P. Machinist. Scalding. II. W. Blacksmith. Vose, J. E. Prin. Francestown Academy. FRANKLIN. Adams, Belle Aikeu, Charles L. Aiken, F. II. Brad awls. Aiken, Walter Manufacturer. Avery, J. F. Barnard, Daniel Lawyer. Batchelder, C. P. Blodgett, Isaac N. Lawyer. Beau, S. 1». Benson, Samuel Burleigh, R. G. Merchant. Burleigh, Wallace Merchant. (.'alley, CO. Carleton, J. G. Blacksmith. Chase & Co. Merchants. Clark, Charles H. Daniel, F. II. Insurance Agent. Daniel, Warren F. Paper Manuf'r. Ilav.nport, L. D. Davis, 0. B. Webster House. Davis, R. M. Merchant. Dearborn, Annie L. Dimond, Moses G. Drake, G. W. Firth, James H. A. C. Fortier, Wm. J. Fit/., French, Oliver Gerrish, Milton Gilchrist, D. Merchant. Gile, A. A. Goodwin, M. B. Editor. Gorman, Cyrus Gunthier, Joseph Hall, W. S. Hancock, F. N. Hancock, Parker Heath, C. M. Jtulkins, Kelley, C. Ed John L. Keudrick, Stephen Kennedy, D. L. Kimball, Charles Kimball, Isaac B. Lewis. William Littlehale, Mrs. A. P. Lord, G. W. Lowell, Alonzo Mack, Rev. D. A. Marsh, James Marr, P. J. Mc Connel, Thomas Messer, Alonzo Neal, George Nesniith, Geo. W. Attorney at Law. Nichols, C. B. Nichols, George Page, Susie A. Pike, Austin F. Attorney at Prescott, Howard S. Richardson, Levi Sanborn. E. B. S. Sawyer, <".. W. Sawyer, Wesley Attorney at Law. Simoinls, J. VV. Teacher. Sleeper, L. B. Smith, D. F. Stearns, Silas C. Stone. Edwin C. Sturtevant, E. II. Sulloway, A. W. Woolen Sweet, Joseph Law. Hose Manufactory. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 654 Taylor, John Cnrrier, Samuel Wadsworth, G. G. Dearborn, Win. R. Walker, Walter GILSUM. Austin, Wesley Beckwith, Henry Bill, Willard Bingham, S. W. C. Britton, B. H. Clark, Thomas T. & Sons Curthbert, Robert Collins, S. Dart, A. M. Gates, S. C. Hammon, A. S. Merrill, Abram Carpenter. Merrill, Jonathan Laborer. Nichols, Oliver Farmer. Phelps, John W. Stage Driver. Strachan, James G. Haywood, Allen Haywood, Geo. N. Haywood, Theron Hubbard, Albert Tsham, J. J. Isham, W. L. Laiselle, HANOVER. Allen. Ira B. Livery and Stage. Balch, A. N. Railroad Contractor. Mark Lang, John II. Benton. Charles Lapham, Edward W. C. Assistant Prof, of Classics. Carpenter. Carpenter, E. D. Tailor. Brown, Asa F. Minor, Francis C. Morrison, Elisha Nash, Eugene P. Newman, Geo. Nichols, K. Pierce, Hattie Carter, E. W. Restaurant Keeper. Clark, Win. A. jr. Jeweler. W Nancy Rawson, C. W. Porter, Cobb, Filian, Brown, Nathan T. W. Gove, J. P. Gunninson, John V. Hooper, John B. HARRISVILLE. Firm of William & Atwood, Wooden Ware Manufactory. Atwood, John E. Farmer. Maxhen, Stephen D. in, John 1 Messer, Alvin J. Farmer. Meager, John Farmer. Nelson, Hial Pay, Rev. Mr. Pike, Eliae W., Pike, Sullivan G. Rogers, Increase S. Rogers, James W. - Tandy, Samuel Tandy, William Trow, .buries M. Trow, Perkins GRANTHAM. Austin, E. F. Laborer in Saw Mill. E. Farmer. Bii8well, Oliver B. Farmer. Clark, John Lumber Dealer. Brown, Henry Colburn, Emma J. Silas Bemis, Charles A. Farwell, Henry J. Lowell, Geo. 0. McLaughlin, David Mc Laugh Laborer Miller, E. T. Farmer. Parker, H. E. Instructor. Rand, E. W. Furniture Dealer. Smith, Asa, D. Pres. of Dartmouth College. Smith, E. K. Farmer. Sherman, Frank A. Prof, of Mathematics. Tenney, R. A. Farmer. Whitcomb, P. H. Prop'tor Dartmouth Presa. Woodward, Laura E. Teacher. Cutts, Charles Henry George Hale B. W. Book seller. Maxham, A. E. Tinman. Boothe, Oliver Boothe, Sylvester Maxfii'ld, Merchant. Fletcher, Robert. Prof, of Civil Engineering. Frost, C. P. Prof, of Theory and Practice. GOSHEN. Lear, W. Carpenter. Prof, of Chemistry. Dudley, G. T. Expressman. Emerson, Charles L. Assist. Prof, of Natural Philosophy. Field, C. A. Insurance and Postmaster. T. Webster, Wilber Wilder, William Wood, Horace Wright, Daniel 0. S. Cummings, Ely Diinond, E. W. Rawson, G. B. Stevens, George A. Turner, Frank E. Webster, Frank D. Webster. K. D. Emery, Farmer. Blanfield, R. T. Mansfield. C. L. Mark, Clothes Pin Manufacturer. Farmer. Dunbar, L. D. Merchant. Eastman, W. H. Clergyman. Emmerson, Samuel, Farmer. Gault, John S. Farmer. Goss, Benjamin S. Farmer. Hall, A. Farmer. Hall, A. D. Hotel Keeper. Hastings, David S. Farmer. Hastings, Joseph Farmer. Hastings, Orren S Hastings, P. H. Hemphill, J. Farmer. Leavitt, Wm. B. Farmer. Teacher. Mechanic. Wooden Ware Manufr. Woolen Manufacturer. Harris, Milan Hazen, Francis M. Holbrook, Amos Clergyman. Morse, Bela Farmer. Newhall, C. Clergyman. Phillips, Washington Laborer. Prindy, Wm. H. Wool Sorter. Mechanic. Ruffle, James E. Smith, Aaron Farmer. Stratton, Francis Livery Stable. Symons, S. T. Wooden Ware ManufactniOT. Tarbox, George M. Farmer. Traxler, Geo. L. Mechanic. Tufts, Geo. F. Blacksmith. HENNIKER. Allen, W. n. Atwood, L. F. Mechanic. Book-keeper. Carpenter. Bacon, C. R. Baker, Miss Mary E. Barnes, Wm. B. Cattle Broker. Brown, Thomas Farmer. �655 NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Brown, S. A. Tanner. Burtt, Milan Mechanic. Bui tt & Sleeper, Harness Makers. Codnian, George B. Painter. Blacksmith. Campbell, Harris Campbell, Harris W. Carter, LI. C. Paper Manufacturer. Carter, Harrison Farmer. Maker. Cate, D. S. N. P. P^'per Cbaudler, Charles U. Mechanic. Wm. Blacksmith. Chandler, Chase, John Farmer. Clark, Mrs. M. J. Cogswell, L. W. Farmer. J. C. Cashier of National Bank. Carr, Nathan Alonzo Carter, Collins, D. S. Clothes Pin Manufacturer. Campbell, Conn, Freeman Blacksmith. Cook, George W. Physician. Crooker, A. J. Currier. Crooker, Q. Currier. Cogswell, Warren S. Blacksmith. Cogswell, Washington Farmer. Cogswell, Wm. E. Tinman. Colby, Eri Farmer. Colby, Frank E. Farmer. Colby, James M. Farmer. Colby, Thomas E. Farmer. Conner, Alex. W. Farmer. Connor, John K . Cutting, Daniel French, J. Q. A. Goodell. John Wm. Manufacturer. Dow, George W. S. Kit '" _ Eastman Miss Susan C. i vc 1 ier Co. Emerson, H. A. Agent of C. V. Paper - ' 15. F'oley, Farmer. Courser, Charles H. Millwright. Davis, Wm. D. Dodge, R. T. Farmer. lr Farmer, George H. Farmer. Favour, Andrew D. Farmer. Farrar, George H. Merchant. Flanders, A. R. Carpenter. Flanders, Wm. 0. Farmer. Physician. Physician. Farmer. Gould, Grimes, Sarah C. Lane & Co. Grain Dealers. Hale, Hastings, S. D. Carriage Maker. Wood Turner. Hill, Cumiugs Mechanic. Hill, Gilbert P. Hi.ls, John M.W. Wood Turner. Hmes, L. D. Proprietor of St. Charles Hotel. B. Currier. Uuyt.Moses M. wooden Gage, John Dry Measures and Gage, Perley, R. Mechanic. Paper Maker. J. Gilchrist, J. Glover, Miss Mary D. Goss, Miss H. C. Gove, Frederick C. Farmer. Gove, Miss Rebecca Paper Maker. Guttersun, John Gutterson, Wm. W. Hackett, G. H. Physician. Howe, Miss Belle Teacher. Jameson, John W. Farmer. ware. • Ladd, J. B. P. Shoemaker. Maker. Livingston, Charles E. Paper Mc Alphine, C. H. Meat Dealer. V. Paper Co. Foreman C. Mc Gown. John A. Morrill, Harrison Farmer. Morgan, A. E. Shoe Peg Maker. Morrison, Mrs. Jane J. Newton, John A. Farmer. Newton, Nahum Farmer. Patten, Squire M. Farmer. Patterson, Alonzo & Son Farmer. Peabody, L. W. Physician. Poor, George M. Farmer. Preston, George C. Merchant. Putney, Daniel Mechanic. Ray, John C. Farmer. Kenton, J. B. Shoe Manufacturer. Farmer. Rice, II. A. Rice, Robert D. Farmer. Ripley, H. N. Shoemaker. Robbins, D. K. Carpenter. Repairer. Sargent, Walter Clock Smith, Mrs. L. B. Smith, Watson W. Clergyman. Waldron, II. Frances Watkins, Eli P. Paper Maker. Webster, Jesse Merchant Tailor. Whitcomb, Mrs. Annie Whitman, Mrs. C. M. «..«_* Manufacturer. Whitney, Frederick. Coffin Wilson, 0. E. Mary Dudley, Samuel S. Clergyman. Button & Morse, Merchants. Eaton, Jubal II. Blacksmith. Faton, L. S. Merchant Tailor. Mechanic. Farrah, Walter J. Sawyer and Farmer. HILLSBOROUGH. Abbott, 0. Butcher. Bowers, S. 0. Dentist. Bragdon, John Clergyman. Tannery. Brown, Gil as E. Foreman of Humphrey Jacknian, Watchman. Jackman, Ira W. Jackson, Noah Lovering, R. E. Livery Stable. Lumber Dealer. Bedstead Manufacturer Charles F. Photographer. Farmer. Melleu, Seth Mannahan, W. U. Mc Clary. Merrill, William Farmer. Newman, D. W. C. Tin- ware, etc. Merchant. Newman, James Printer. Patten, Geo. C. Civil Engineer. Peaslee, G. D. Sock Maker Peaslee, Nathan B. Mechanic. Pike, Geo. A. Farmer. Prescott, L. W. Clergyman. Osburn, J. G. Putney, Lewis Quin, C. II. Mechanic. Ring, Levi C. Tanner. Robbins, CD. Farmer. Geo. F. Blacksmith. Balttuarsh, Sargent, Orlando Teamster. Sargent, Wm. Editor. Smith, John B. Manufacturer. Taylor, C. W. Farmer. Tutherly, Rufus Upton, B. F. Harness Maker. Vickery, D. L. Webber Brooks K. Attorney at Law. Wl.ittaker, Henry P. Tanner. Whitteuiore, Wm. B. Furniture. Wilkins, Edgar M. Currier. Wilkins, Isaac F. Wilson, Erastus Lumber Dealer. Wyman, S. Dow Young, Alvin H. Farmer. Tanner. HINSDALE. Ami don, C. J. Barrows, W. S. Bishop, Edward Davis, A. B. Dunham, Ira Fales, Lemuel Fiske, F. D. Latham, Henry Newhall & Stebens Pratt, L. E. Robinson, N. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 656 Babin, T. Greeley, D. W. Huntor, Sanderson, D. K. Thayer, E. G. M. J. Smith, D. 0. Smith, N. Thomas, G. \Vatson, C. C. Wellington, G. P. Webster, Kimball Woods, G. S. Wilder, G.S.. Worden, E. & N. JEFFERSON. HOOKSETT. Catlin, Buswell, 0. B. Colby, G. A Converse, A. H. Davis, W. M. Gage, H. P. Goodnough, Lafayette Guild, II. II. Head, Natt Head, Samuel, 2d Head, W. F. Abbott, L. Blood, G. Burnes, R. Hosiery Mill. Pressman. Constantine, W. A. Cotton, W. P. Edgerly, Florence. Hotel. Everett, George H. Wil lard Holt, Frank P. Paper Box Maker. A. Justice S. J. Court. Hibbard, E. Hamlin, Laird, James. B. J. Lovejoy, A. R. Nichols, E. Spaulding, S. Hunkins, J. S. Lamphrey, Wm. H. Libbey Frank F M. Prescott, D. Worcester, J. N. Worcester, T. G. HOPKINTON. Barnard, John Farmer. Brown, Ellen K. Chandler. Alfred N. Farmer. Chase, Ambros Farmer. Law. Chase, Hon. Horace Attorney at Choat, Horace L. Farmer. MelTin Painter. Colby, Connor, Isaac K. Carpenter. Connor, James M. Farmer. Currier, John Farmer. Dauforth, Enoch, Oakland, Cal. Farmar. Dorr, Kl 'ii Flanders, Parker M. Farmer. Goodrich. Geo. K. Farmer. Gould, Charles Farmer. Green, Herman W. Attorney at Law. Hawthorne, C. G. Attorney at Law. Jones, John F. Farmer. Kimball, Rich M. rge E. i Farmer. Farmer. Lord, Thomas Farmer. Page, John W. Farmer. Page. S. S. Farmer. Putnev, Ira A. Farmer. Eowell, Isaac Farmer. Sceevens, Eugene P. Farmer. Snyder, A. Clergyman. Spencer, Elijah Farmer. Tewksbury, Henry R. Carpenter Whittemore, Win. B. Farmer. Young, John K. Clergyman. HUDSON. Wm. Andrews, Belknap, A. J. Holler, W. H. S. W. Dm ant, G.W. Emery, Hosiery. Frank E. John T. Lewis F. Eastman, Clarence Farley, J. Clyde, Bu<iel, Busiel, Busiel, Dallison, George Cameron, H. G. ] Blacksmith. B. Busiel, C. A. HOLLIS. E. Crawford, Charles Farmer. Houses. Crawford, E. A. Farm and Mountain Gray, William Farmer. Mason, A. F. Trader. Moulton, L. B. Clergyman. Palmer, L. H. Farmer. Pottle, J. H. Farmer. Thayer, T. S. Mechanic. Ames, G. J. G. Otterson, H. B. Towle, F. C. Woods, Farmer. Andrew LACONIA VILLAGE. Homey, John Hussey, Mountain House. Beadell, F. J. Bonney, Horace J. H. Carpenter. S. Randall, Frank C. Smith, Fannie C. Slowe, J. S. True, Noah P. Physician. ««„„-,Vaughan, 0. A. J. Editor Laconia Democrat, Waring, John J. Watson, David Webster, George M. Weeks, Hazen Whipple, Thomas Attorney at Law. Young, S. E. LANCASTER. Benton, Jacob Attorney at Law. Burns, William Attorney at Law. Harness maker. Calley, Fred C. Coos Rep. Association, Publishers. Crawford. J. G. Attorney at Law. Emerson & Hartshorn Publishers. Evans, A. G. Grocer. Evans, Samuel G. Merchant. Mechanic. Field, John E. Law. Fletcher, Hiram H. Attorney at Gray, H. Drawer. C. B. Clerk of Court. Jordan, Kent, Col. II. 0. Attorney at Law. Justice S. J. Court. S. Marshall, A.J. Carriage Maker. Ossian Attorney at Law. Bay, Smith, J. A. Merchant. Snaulding, John W. Postmaster. Ladd W. Attorney at Law. B. F. Wilson, Willie B. Mechanic. Whidden, LEMPSTER. Allen. Lewis B. Beckwith, Wm. P. Bruce, Timothy Bruce, William F. Carey, Edward 0. Carey, F. C. Cheney, S. H. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 657 Clark, D. Cragin, Edward A. Dickey, J. H. Bradley, T. R. V. Furniture. Harnesses, Carriages and Finley, B. C. Gordon, B. N. Hurd, Stephen Brigham £ Pratt Bakers. Brown, W. W. Physician. Burnham, J. E. Attorney at Law. Kempt, John D. Campbell, Z. F. Keys, Brothers Kingsley, K. A Noyes, Albert Page, Oliver E. Parker, A. J. Parker, Hiram Perley, A. F. Perry, Mrs. L. A. Casbin, John II. Catherdy, N. H. Branch. Edward Trunks. Druggist. Ales, Liquors and Wines. Carpenter and Builder. Chadwick, H. M. Retail Liquor Dealer. Cheney, P. C. Paper Manufacturer. Chevilliar, J. Aug. Catholic l'astor. W. F. Dentist. Exchange Billiard Hall. Clark, Joseph B. Attorney at Law. Clark, Moses C. Clark's Pat. Horse Shoes. Coburn, E. K. Books and Stationery. Colby & Pressey. Physicians. Guilds, Cliubbuck, H. T. Porter, George S. Roundy, R. S. Sabine, William C. Smith, Alvah Stearns, John M. Towne, Geo. W. Walker. Henry Way, William E. Wells, George F. Corey, William Cumuer & LITTLETON. Wm. Merchant. Bingham, Harry Attorney at Law. Cheney, Charles Y. Bellows, Ela, Curtis Hodgman, F. F. Druggist. Gordon, A. H. Gould, Henry T. Book-keeper. Gould. P. R. Postmaster. Lovejoy. A. H. Painter. Lovejoy, Geo. E. Merchant. Messer, John Shoe Manulacturer. Miller, Mrs. Moffat, James Shoe Manufacturer. Oavrand, S. Restaurant. Parker, Luther Farmer. Richardson, James Lumber Dealer Sawyer, Eli D. Hop Dealer. Sanger, T. E. Physician. Shute, Sewell Blacksmith. Sinclair, Lumber John G. Dealer. Smith, Richard Stevens, W. H. Tarbell, C. D. Manufacturer. Wheeler, Dennis Wilkins, Dixie House Painter. LOUDON. Ordway, G. F. Farmer. LYME. W. Farmer. Baker, F. Butler, E. P. Clergyman. Dike, Henry Farmer. Franklin, H. 0. Farmer Gilbert, G. F. Clerk in Store. Kent, John S. Proprietor of Hotel. Palmer, F. B. Mechanic. Webster, M. K. Merchant. Weed, B. M. Farmer. Wells, James M. Farmer. Willmot, M. I. Farmer. MANCHESTER. Adams, Phineas Manufacturer. Alden & Flanders Civil Engineers. Groceries and Provisions. Back, W. E. Teacher. Baldwin & Batchelder Pianos & Organs. Alton, H. H. Baldwin, James & 0. Bobbins and Shuttles. Bartlett C. II. Lawyer. Groceries and Provisions. Attorney at Law. Bean & Mathews Bell, S. N. Carpenter. Blodgett. N. C. Boutell, Geo. E. Hotel. Needle Manufacturer. Merchant Tailors. Wheelwright. Co. Currier, B. Crosby, Josiah Physician. Custer, E. Physician. Devine, P. A. Undertaker. Diguam, W. Mus.cian. Dodge, Geo. W. Boots and Shoes. Dufrain, L. N. Pump Manufacturer. Eager, John Q. A. Grocer. Eager & Robinson. Grocers. Edgerly, M. V. B. Life Insurance. Emerson, D. B. Retail Liquor Dealer. Eventt, J. S. Eating House. Everett, W. G. Insurauce Agent. Fabay, Patrick Ales, Wines &c. Stoves, Furnaces and Fairbanks & Folsom Ranges. Fairbanks & Patten Deputy Sheriff. Fellows, J. W. Attorney at Law. Ferguson, John Physician. Flanders, P. C. Provision Dealer. Ford, John F. Plumber. Insurance Agent and French, George A. Adjuster. French, Henry Contractor and Builder. Gaskell, G. A. Principal of Business College. Gray, Frank L. Manufacturer of Soda Water. Haddock, F. Shoe Manufacturer. Harrington, E. W. City National Bank. Hawkins, A. S. Cigar Dealer. Haves, Fred jr. Druggist. Hayes, John Wholesale Liquor Dealer. Hersey, Geo. E. Physician, inland. Frank Attorney at Law. Hill, Hiram Dentist. Holbrook, Geo. Carpenter and Builder. Holmes, W. F. Flour and Grain Dealer. Book Binder, Blank Book Hoyt, Geo. C Manufacturer and Paper Ruler. Hubbard, Geo. H. Cigar Manufacturer. Livery and Hack Stable. James, S. S. Edward Clothing. Cigars and Tobacco. C. Kimball, Jesse Shirt Manufacturer. V. B. Carpenter and Kinney, M. Kenneily, Kennedy, E. Lumber Dealer. Granite Workers. Lane, A. J. Real Estate and Biz. Agent. Steam, Gas, and Water Lane, Thomas A. Lampson & Marden Pipe. Wm. Attorney at Law, 3 copies. Livingston, C. F. Printer. Locke, & Demmick W. I. Goods Ac. Lodge, Joseph Manufr of Dress Goods. Lord, Samuel D. Attorney at Law. Mahoney, D. I. Book Keeper. Mallard, Albert & Son Grocers. Mc Donald & Cady Boots and Shoes. Little, Mellendv, Hamilton Undertaker. Merriam, Geo. W. Blacksmith. �658 NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Meeser, Octavus L. Groceries and Provisions. Miller, R. M. Provisions and Fish. Mitchell, James jr. Boots and Shoes. Monette Brothers, Groceries and Provisions. Mooar, J. W. Physician. Moore, John Watches and Jewelry. Morrison, Henry Blacksmith. Murray, Attorney at Law. P. J. Newell, J. P. 0' Brian, J. Catholic Pastor. O'Connor, C. A. Attorney at Law. Olzendam, A. P. Hosiery Manufacturer. Page, B. F. Parmley, J. H. Dentist. Par-ions, W. S. Phvsician. Patten, W. R. Attorney at Law. Perkins, £. W. Confectiuner. Perkins, M. H. Granite Billiard Hall. Perry, A. F. Druggist. Pettee, Horace Flour, Grain. Lime & Cement. Phiibrick, A. Harness Manufacturer. Pickering, J. W. C. Clothier. Pike, J. Clergyman. Piper, B. H. Spokes and Handles. Prout, M. Ale, Wine, and Cigars. Raymond, N. H. Stave Manufacturer. Reynolds, H. C. Manufacturer. Roby, W. K. Oysters. Rowell, N. L. Clergyman. Scott, James B. Cigar Manufacturer and Dealer in Tobacco. Shelter & Lewis Boot & Shoe Dealers. Smith, Isaac VV. Justice of Supreme Court. Smyth, Frederick Merrimack River Bank. Spear, Justin Deputy Sheriff. William Baker. Starr, Stearns, J. E. Civil Engineer. Stevens, J. L. Postmaster. Straw, E. A. Governor of the State. Sullivan Bros. Stoves, Ranges and Furnaces Sulloway, C. A. Attorney at Law. Tanswell, G. II. Dry Goods Tebbetts, G. W. 0. Druggist. Tewksbuiy Bros. Book-sellers. Thompson, H. M. Ag't M. P. Works Tucker, W. J. Clergyman. II. B. Dealer 'in Nuts. Upton, Samuel Attorney at Law. Van e, Geo. R. Stove Dealer. Varney, D. B. Coppersmith & Brass Founder. Wattsou & Homes Flour and Grain, WholeTwist, sale. Weeks. Geo. W. Boots & Shoes. West, John Physician. W' v> ston. James A. hituey, Mayor and Civil Engineer. Music & Musical Instruments. I. S. MARLOW. Baker, F. W. Conn, Freeman Downing, Albert S. Downing, Daniel Geer, Edward R. Honey, H. E. Hnntley, E. G. Jones. John Q. Joslin, Andrew T. Morrison, Geo. T. Nason, (ieo. A. MERRIMACK. Bnrtlett, M. Doloff, S. S. Eaton, W. S. Ela, B. Ferguson, Hubbard, Kitten-.) J. W. Russell, G. Wilkins, J. G. MILFORD. Averill, C. S. |.; W, Attorney at law. Barnard, H. L. Hotel. Blanchard, J. M. Printer. Burnham, D. S. Merchant. Emerson, L. B. Manuf r Extension Tables. Foster, B. F. Photographer. Fuller, Andrew L. G. F. Manufr. Gilson, A. A. Miller. Goss, Samuel Gray, J. E. Extension Table Manufacturer Gutterson, E. F. Grocer. Hatch, C. G. Livery Stable. Heald, David Furniture Mannfacturcr. Kaley, T. Manufacturer of Tidy Yarn. Kuowlton, Win. Manufacturer. Lancaster, H. K. Grocer. Lewis, James Tanner. Moulton, J. B. Tanner. Powers, John A. Tinner. Rich, John L. Robinson, A. H. Merchant. Saw.ver, F. T. Cash. First Nat. Bank. Towne, Wm. B. Pres. First Nat. Bank. Tuttle. Charles B. Merchant. Wadleigh, B. Attorney at Law. Wac Heigh, George Attorney at Law, Worcester, G. A. Student. NASHUA. Andrews, Abner Andrews, G. F. A ndrews, J. F. Bailey, J. F. Barker, Barrett, J. N. Wm. A. Beard, Albert Black, J. S. Blunt, J. G. Blown, E. P. Brown, W. 0. Bui k. N. W. Case, Levi, Chandler, S. D. Cbeever, W. H. Clark, Betsey C. Collins. A. S. Cook, W. H. Coygin & Farley. Craige, J. H. Crombie. D. D. Critchet, C. E. Currier, G. W. Dane, H. F. Dauforth, C. P. Dearborn, C. V. Deveron, J. A. Dodge, Oliver. Dodge, Sabra 0. Downs, Lovicy A. Dunlap, A. H. Eaton & Aver Eaton, II. H. Emerson, S. D. Evars, C. G. A. Farwell, L. Fields, C. L. ,.. Kitteredge, J. Lund, D. McWilkins, A. Parker, L. W. Parker, Thos. Parkhurst, E. P. Reed, J. L. II. Fisk, David B. Fletcher, Benjamin Fletcher, Claru A. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Fletcher. J. M. Foster, N. A. S. W. W. A. French, Fuller, Gage, C. P. Gale, E. B. Gordon, A. C. Greenwood, H. E. Greenwood, N. Gregg & Son Doors, Sash and Blinds. Hardy, G. Hastings, G. Healey, R. H. Hills, A. M. Holt, Henry. Hosford J. K. Hubbard, S. P. Hyde, J. W. Jaqueth, J. E. Kelsea, C. Kendrick, B. F. Kimball. J. G. Knowlton, A. B. Maloon, C. L. Marshall, D. R. Mclntire, E. P. McKeen, Frank A. McKeen, A. McMillin, W. H. McQuestion, Charles R. McQuestion, E. F. McQuestion, George M. Mellendy, H. D. Monroe, F. Moore, G. W. Moore, 0. C. H S. Morris, G. E. Murray, 0. D. Oi er, C. P. Otis, D. A. Parkinson, H. James L. Perkins. W. N. Peirce, Philbrick, H. A. Powers, A. S. Proctor, H. 0. Public, Library, Putnam, B. Ramsdell, Geo. A. Reed, A. G. Russell, E. S. Reed, John Reed, Williard 0. R. R. Conductor ,B. L. N. R. R. Roby, C. J. Roby, L. A. Sanders, A. H. Sargent, A. Shattuck, C. W. Shipley, C. Spaulding, E. Spaulding, J. A. Spaulding, S. Squires, W. H. Stearns, A. J. Stevens, D. Sullivan, D. Swallow, S. Thomas, H. Tilton, Wood, T. H. Woodward, Q. A. Worcester, K. F. Worcester, Samuel Godfrey, Alfred Goodale, John H. Mordotgh, 659 Whitemarsh, J. F. Whittemore, B. B. John Tolles, C. F. Tolles, C. F. TJnderhill, G. A. Wellman. S. K. Weston, W. S. Wheeler, H. B. NEW-HAMPTON. , Dustin, S. Evans, Geo. C. Student Fiske, E. Clergyman. Gordon, Miss Abby A. Gordon, James Gordon, Wm. P. Carriage Maker Healey, Miss Carrie M. Merrow, M. H. Meservey, A. B. Prin. of Institute. Piper, J. S. Prescott, E. A. Clergyman. Prescott, John F. Farmer. Rich, W. E. C. Teacher. Wallace, Joseph C. Mason. NEW-IPSWICH. Bailey, William Burton, George T. Clark, Peter H. Clark's Hotel. Farwe'l, Daniel Farwell, Russell Fox, George Heywood. S. B. Perry, J. P. Preston, Will A. Thayer, S. A. Townsend, A. N. Wheeler, Charles Whitney, C. A. Wilson, C. F. NEW LONDON. Abbott, T. B. & Son Warren Bickford, Cloui;u, J. Lumber Dealers. Mechanic. Farmer. Merchant. E Burpee, P. Burpee, J. H. M. S. V. S. Mail Cooper, Solon Agent Farmer. Currier, H. J. Artist. Dickey, R. Scythe Welder. S. Elkins, J. S. Farmer. Everett, C. A. Fiske, M. H. Teacher. Fletcher, Rev. S. C. ClergymanHerrick, Geo. W. Howe, Clergyman. S. Jones, Edwin A. Tanner and Cnrrier. Knight, Ephraim Teacher. Littlefield, Loverin, Seth A. E. Farmer. Trader. McCutchin8, Luther Farmer. Messer, Curtis Farmer. Phillips, Lewis Clergyman. Phillips, C. C. Scythe Manufacturers— ") Folson, C. E. SSuccessors to Phillips, Greenwood, N. T. J Messer & Colby, Pingry, N. D. Farmer. Merchant. Merchant. Seamans, H. W. Jeweler. Smith, E.G. Mechanic. Smith, Elhaman Scythe Finisher. Russell, 0. K. Sargent. C. S. Swett, S. B. Todd, Henry M. Currier. Warren, L. E. Pres. of Institute. Whitcomb, Ruel Williams, E. V. Currier. Williams, Roger Mechanic. Woodward, George Merchant. NEW-MARKET. Bennett, Edwin Stoves and Hardware. Bickford, John F. Carpenter. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 660 Cutter with B. F. Haley. J. W. Burke, L. Physician. Caswell, A. B. Second Hand in Mill. Cleighton, S. E. W. Davis, Wm. Henry Pedler. Dennett, Benjamin F. Tailor. DeMerritt, J. F. Overseer in Cloth-room. • Doe, C. V. Merchant Tailor. Doeg, I. W. Machinist. Maker. Eastman, J. D. Carriage Edgerly, J. B. Mechanic. Elkins, J. L. Physician. Folsom, Lewis B. Munufr and Dealer in Con- Brown, and retail. Butcher and Grocer. fectionery, wholesale Gerry, Warren Green, Samuel H. Physician. Haines, Albert J. Machinist. Haley, S. A. National Bank. Machinist. Hall, D. C. Hall, Gilman Grocer. Hall, Lafayette Ham, John F., Jr. Butcher. Hanson, Hanson. J. J. L. F. Grocer. Physician. Hodgedon, John R. House Painter. Haskell, H. B. Mechanic. Hurd, Fred W. Kitteredge, G. Physician. Leavitt, George K. Grocer. Leavitt, N. H. Dealer in Horses, Carriages and Sleighs. Madox, G. T. Tailor, with B. F. Haley. Mathews, Jr. Benj. Grocer. Mc Neil, G. W. Tailor, with B. F. Haley. Mc Pherson, L. T. Foremaa in Doe's shop. Moses, C. C. P. Noyes, Fred W. Pike, Fred F. Pinder, James S. Farmer. Pinkham & Wingate, Publishers. Richardson, Edward Grocer. Roach, W. S. Foreman, with B. F. Haley. Savage. H. F. Scott, 0. W. Mechanic. Clergyman. Shackford, E. B. Shackfunl, W. A. Police Justice. Small, Wm. B. Attorney at Law Smart, Charles H. Granite worker. Smart, George K. Grocer. Smith, Almun P. Farmer. Smith, Charles H. Lawyer. Smith, N. C. Expressman from Newmarket to Boston. Stackpole, F. E. Manuf'r of xxx Laundry and Btott, J. D. Chemical Soap. Tuttle, Thomas Blacksmith. Waterson, A. J. Mechanic. White, Isaac C. Clergyman. Wiggin, A. D. Dry Gouds. Wiggin, J. W. Stable Keeper. Millinery and Fancy Wood, Mrs. M. A. Goods. Young, Jere NEWPORT. Abbott, Oilman P. Jobber. Allen, 15. H. Carpenter. Averill, H. A. Hotel Keeper. Badger, II. W. Carpenter. Bailey, L. D. Tailor. Barney, Ahira Track Layer. Bartlett, Nettie L. Teacher. Barton, Wm. II. Jack Spinner. Blake, Jonathan Stone Cutter. Bowers. S. L. Lawyer. Brett, M. L. Mechanic. Brown, Geo. R. Lawyer. Brown, J. H. Hotel Keeper. I Burke, Edmund Lawyer. Burke, M. W. Merchant. Call, Hial Farmer. Carr, David H. Farmer. Chuudler, Ira F. Lumber Dealer. Chase, Ashley A. Carder. Chase, A. B. Clerk. Chase, E. S. & Son Claggett, Rufus P. Shoe Dealers. Sheriff. Manufacturer. Coffin, P. S. Manufacturer. Coffin, Silas C. Comstock, Geo. H. Farmer. Converse, E. C. Merchant. Crain, Harvey B. Farmer. Currier, D. M. Physician. Cutts, Lorenzo L. Farmer. Dame, A. M. Farmer. Dame, Geo. E. Farmer. Darling, Wm. W. Physician. Dewey, Wm. H. Farmer. Handle Maker. F. Dow, W. A. Carpenter. Dow, Wallace, L. Contractor and Builder. Dodge, L. Merchant. Emerson, Jonathan jr. Blacksmith. Emery, S. A. Farmer. Evans, Randall Farmer. Fairbanks, Geo. H. Merchant. Edes, Geo. 0. Fairbanks, John E. Flet< her, Charles F. Forsaith, Stone Cutter. Farmer. Edward Gardner, P. K. Farmer. George, J. E. Farmer. Gordon, James M. Farmer. Gould, A. J. Farmer. Gove, Arlan M. Farmer. Gregg, R. M. Harness Maker. Hall, R. H. Farmer. Hayes, Henry H. Printer. Heath, B. C. Carriage Maker. Heath, G. A. Painter. Hitchcock, A. V. Cloths A Custom Clothing. Uobbs, John 0. Merchant Tailor. Howard, A. D. Civil Engineer. Howard, Charles C. Laborer. Howe, A. P. Farmer. Howlett, Moses S. Carpenter. Hubbell, Wm. W. Furniture Dealer. Huutoon, R. Merchant. Hurd, Bela Farmer. Hurd, S. H. Stone Cutter. Ingram, H. M. Jack Spinner. Jencks, H. A. Farmer. Jennings, G. E. Farmer. Kelley, J. C. Druggist & Bookseller. Kempton, Elisha M. Register of Deeds. Kenersou, J. M. Hosiery Manufacturer. King, W. W. Lumber Dealer. Lamb, A. Farmer. Leavitt, II. C. Clergyman. Lewis, F. W. Cashier 1st Nat. Bank. Moody, S. U. Farmer. Newton, D. A. Farmer. Nuurse, Geo. W. Postmaster. Page, Nathaniel 0. Rake Manufacturer. Parker, Dexter Farmer. » Patch, Daniel F. Shoe Dealer. Perry, Wm. II. Pollard, Granville Harness Powers, E. Farmer. and Trunk Dealec Reed, Erastus Farmer. Richards, Dexter Flannel Manufacturer. Richardson, H. Farmer. Rounsevel, Lyman Tanner. Sanborn, Thomas Physician. Sett. (i. R. W. Clergyman. Scribner, John Manufacturer. Severance, Daniel Stone Cutter. Shackett, Frank Laborer. �NAMES OE SUBSCRIBERS. Sibley, Ezra T. Scythe Manufacturer. Sibley, Paul Farmer. Silsby, Charles A. Farmer. Staniels, Hiram Farmer. Straw, Orra C. Jack Spinner. Swett, J. L. Physician. Thompson, R. H. Farmer. Richardson, Edward Shoe Workman. Sherman, C. W. Merchaut. Smith, C. C. Shoe Workman. Swain, J. J. Shoe Workman. Tasker, Ezra Farmer. Towle, BeDJamin F. Shoe Workman. Towle, S. N. Shoe Workman. Tilton, John P. Weaver. Tilton, R. W, Farmer. Lawyer. Waldron, Geo. H. Tinsmith. Walling, C. E. Stone Cutter. Wellcome, A. P. Lumber and Farmer. Wheeler, Edmund Mechanic. Whipple, Orsamus Farmer. Whitney, George F. Farmer. Whitney, 0. Farmer. Whittier, M. L. Carpenter. Wilcox, J. E. Farmer. Wilkins E. R. Clergyman. Wilmarth, George E. Auctioneer and Farmer. Wait, A. S. NORTHFIELD* Blake, C. C. Cate, Asa P. Judge of Probate. Cate, Miss Mary E. Chase, Francis R. Attorney at Law. Coffran, Benjamin. Corliss, Geo. W. Cross, Daniel J. Cross, 0. L. Dearborn, Miss Laura R, Dow, Sumner A. Downing, E«lgar O. Forrest, James N. Glines, Mrs. Annie L. Glines, Edward R. Glines, Westerly M. Gould, C. R. Haines, Benjamin Haines, Samuel Healy, Isaac H. Eenniston, Alpheus Kenniston, Fred Kenniston, John i Knowle-, Westerly Lambert, S. H. Langee, Oilman Payson, Miss Sarah T. Plummer, A. F. Plummer, W. H. Rand, J. D. Riley, George M. Roberts, John Robertson, C. H. Slader, Mrs. Elizabeth D. Smith, W. H. Stevens, Francis Watson, John P. Weeks, Geo. W. Wyatt, Otis C. Yeaton, John B. N0RTHW00D. Brown, E. C. Proprietor Harvey House. Bryant, Ella M. Dow, Eben C. Farmer. Durgin, W. M. Shoe Freighter. Clark, B. W. Shoe Workman. Cogswell, E. C. Clergyman. Edmond, W. H. Farmer. Emerson, D. G. Shoe Workman. Greenleaf, A. M. Shoe Workman. Farmer. Merchant. Farmer. Mead, John G. Merchant. Miller, Henry Shoe Workman. Perry, C. M. Blacksmith. Pillsbury, A. J. Shoe Manufacturer. James, S. S. Lancaster, J. P. Lbcke, James C. 661 PEMBROKE AND SUNCOOK. Abbott, Richard L. Alexander, Enoch Appleton, George P. Austin, David Cilley, Charles W. George P. Coffrin, Corbin, J. M. Dodge, S. Edgerly, Calvin E. George Daniel J. Hildreth, Dr. C. F. P. Jewell, D. L. Jones, D. S. Knox, S. W. Larabee, G. H. Morse, Charles P. Moulton, C. 0. Noyes, N. R. Osgood, A. L. Osgood. A. N. Paine, R. H. Rowe, A. J. Sanborn, John W. Sargent, Warren Simpson, George N. Sullivan, John H. Truesdell, E. E. Vose, G. S. Walker, Isaac White, Rev. L. Whitemore, A. Woods, F. N. PETERBOROUGH. Ames, Albert A. Butcher. Ames, George W. Harness Maker. Ames, J. M. Mechanic. Ames, Timothy K. Oldest Sheriff in N. H. Bashaw, Charles Harness Maker. Batchelder, F. S. Boarding Master. A. F. Clergyman. Beckwith, Thomas L. Overseer. Blair, George W. Cotton Spinner. Blair, James P. Briggs, Joshua Piano Stool Manufr. Bruce, Charles C. B ixter. Chase, W. D. Physician. Cheever, M. V. Billiard Hall. Collins, J. M. Farmer. Cragin, John Farmer. Cross, Levi Cotton Manufr. Culter, Daniel B. Physician. Physician. Cutler, John H. Dadman, Wm. E. Boot Maker. Dodge, Edward B. Lumber, and Contractor. Dustin, George Clergyman. Eaton, Nathan T. Meat and Provision Dealer. Farmer, Charles W. Farnum & Printers. Scott, Machinist. Felt, G. P. Carpenter. Felt, Jonathan Carpenter. Field, Henry Fisher, J. Merchant. Fletcher, E. A. Painter. Fletcher, George A. Butcher. Forbush, Nathan C. Frost, Albert Undertaker. Fuller, A. Stoves and tin ware. Gorman, John Lumber and Wool Gould, D. W. Clerk. Hamilton, George A. Dealer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 662 Hatch, R. B. Hill, E. B. Lawyer. Cotton Manufacturer. Holt, Lorenzo Farmer. Holt, Lorenzo Carriage Painter and Trimmer. Howe, Truss Manufacturer. E. Hunt, Norton Jaquith, Cliarles E. Manuf'r and Builder. Kimball, A. H. Wool Carder, Cloth Dresser and Dyer. Langley, George H. Proprietor of Bakery. Lee. Frank E. Livingston, J. Cotton Manuf'r. Livingston, Wm. G. Merchant. Loveland, Sylvester D. Machinist. Macumber, J. W. Stone Mason. Mara, Charles Marble, Robert C. Carriage Maker. Mc Coy, Charles Largest Farmer and Stock Grower in Peterborough. Mc Langhlin, Patrick Watchman. Mears, Franklin Morse, L. Carpenter. Nagley, C. H. Machinist. Nickless, John H. Overseer. Nooen's, Joseph Son's. Woolen Manuf'rs. Patterson, C. N. Overseer. Preston, Charles A. Machinist. Preston, Isaac F'. Machinist. Proctor, A. J. Soap Manuf'r. Rice, W. F. Machinist. Robbe, Avarado. Robinson, Charles E. Proprietor of French's Hotel. Rourk, John Livery Stable. Lawyer. Scott, Albert S. Scott, Charles High Scripture, George II. Sheriff. Photographer. Simous, S. Spinner. Smith, Albert M. Spinner. Smith, E. M. Lawyer. Steele, John H. Stationer. Straw, Mi-8 E. Worsted Wreath and Bonnet Manufactdrer. Sweatt, Mrs. Maria B. Tarbell, Solon Carriage Maker. Templeton, H. H. Merchant Tailw. Thoruing, C. A. Overseer. Towne, E. A. Basket ManuPr. Upton, Albert Trader. Tose, Samuel I. Auctioneer. Wheeler, C. A. Slide Yoke Dairy Thermometer Manufacturer. White, I. D Farmer. Wilder, Charles Manuf'r of Barometers and Thermometers. Wilder, George Williams, Charles A. Loom Fixer. Williams, John A. Second Overseer. Wilson, L. P. PITTSFIELD. Adams, D. B. a Aiken, Edward J. Tailor. Bartlett, A. W. Lawyer. Bu/./.'ll, J. C. Cashman, John C. Editor. Cram, Chas. T. F'armer. Cram, Frank E. Brick Maker. Drake, N. S. Expressman. Fosb, Jeremiah C. Carpenter. Elliot. P. S. F'oss & VVablron Grain Dealers. Foster, D. K. Teacher. Ferrin, Charles E. French, John C. Agent. Muchmore, D. L. Page, A. L. Machinist. Saltmarsh, 0. C. Sanborn, J. B. Painter, Shaw, William Farmer. Smith, John Tibbetts, Miles B. Tibbetts, W. H. Mail Carrier. True, Porter C. F'armer. Tucker, John M. Tuttle, Hiram A. Mechanic. Merchant. Wadsworth, A. B. Carpenter. Webster, C. H. PORTSMOUTH. Alden, W. H.,D. D. Clergyman. Alton, William Grocer and Provisions. Akerman, Joseph D. Store. Bailey, John H. Merchant. Balch, E. H. Stable Keeper. Barnard, ,1. G. Sash and Blinds. Barris, Mrs. B. Beachman, R. H. Stable Keeper. Ar Showe, Johu Tea W. Publisher. Flour and Grain. Joiner. Buflord, M. City Clerk. Butler, James D. Lawyer. Burleigh, J. B. Picture Frames. Buzzell, H. B. &, Son Books and Stationery. Call, Thomas E. Caswell, J. W. Fish Dealer. Brewster, Lewis Brooks, J. & Co.' Brown, F. S. Charlesworth, Eml. Confectionery and Oyster Saloon, Cor. Bridge and Congress Streets. Clark, George W. Stoves and House Furuisuing Goods. Clark, H. M. Coffin, Edward Coleman, D. Painter. Merchant. J. L. D. Curtis, Beuj. W. Physician. Curtis, Joseph R. 61, Pleasant Street. Dearborn, F. E. Hats, Caps and Furs. Donaldson, S. J. Physician. Dixon, Charles H. Carpenter. Dixon, John Downs, Wm. & Eldredge, M. Son Grocers. Brewer. W. Carriage Maker. Elwyn, John Elliot, S. Elwyn, R. A. Clergyman. Emery, George T. Miller, North Mills. Fernald, A. A. Lumber Dealer. Feruald, A. R. H. Paymaster, Kearsarge Miils. Flint, Edward Folsom, Chaning Teacher. James Hiller Book Seller. S. H. Lawyer. F'rizzell, John F'rye, Horace Express Agent. F'oster, Frink, J Gates, S. II. Gerrish, J. N. Saloon Keeper. Gilbert, Sylvester Proprietor Liver Lozenges. Goodall.E. B. Dentist. Goodall & Marston Lawyers. Ooodwin, Hon. Ichabod Merchant. John A. Clergyman. Goss, Gould, C. W. Grogan, W. M. Giippy, Geo. W. Saloon Keeper. Publisher. Hackett, W. H. Y. Lawyer. Hall, George W. Billiard Hall. Hall, J. P., M. D. Physician. Ham, J. E. & Co. Merchant Tailors. Hanson, Geo. E. Druggist. Hardy, A. C. Clergyman. Harriman, George L. Stone Cutter. Barman, L. L. Clergyman. Hartnett, Richard Joiner and carriages. Hegamen, Jos. Foreman Browery. Hodgdon, George D. Lawyer. Hooper, Samuel G. Grocer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Howard, A. F. Collector. Hoyt, Martin Barber. Huntress, Geo. M. Carriage Manufacturer. IUsley, Wingate Insurance Agent. Jenkins, D. E. Joiner. Johnson, L. A. Dentist. Jones, Frank Brewer & Malster. Keeef, P. J. Cooper. Kimball. R. P. Cashier First Nat. Bank. Ladd. A. H. Merchant. Laighton, L. M. Lang, Dennis. Locke, Woodbury Stable Keeper. Lomhard, Henry Saloon Keeper. Sea View House, Rye Lougee, George G. Beach. Tailor and Agent L. E. Mallsbender, John Laritz veg. Wool Manf r & Preparation. Manson, Herman. House Painter. Marcy, Hon. Daniel Commercial man. Marden, Gee A. Marden, Levi W. Painter. Marsh, George M. Marston & Fernald. Publishers. Martin, W. K. Mast Maker. Marvin, X. E. 0. City Mayor. Mc Donough, Richard Painter. Melcher, G. F. Jeweler. Miller, Israel P. Editor. Mills, John S. Saloon Keeper. Mills, S. U. Carriage Builder. Mitchell, John Saloon Keeper. Moat, W. J. Morre, John Tinman. Morrison, J. H. Moses, John G. Ship Owner. Moses, John W. Tailor and Draper. Moses, Thos. P. Artist and Music Teacher. Myers, Chas. E. Merchant Tailor. Newton, W. C. Thompson, J. H. Wood and Coal Dealer. Thompson, J. H. & Son Confectiouers. Thompson, Samuel R. Machinist. Thorndike, B. F. Job Printer. Tibbetts, J. M. Millinery. Tiffaney & Sou Contractors and Builders of Tiffaney Gas Works. Treadwwll, Samuel P. Cabinet Maker. Trefethen, Andrew J. Hair Dresser. Tucker, S. A Carnage and Wood Worker. Vaughau, D. J. U. S. Pension Agent. Walden, Richard Grocer. Walkler, Wm. P. Merchant Tailor. Ward, Wm. Ward well. Distiller. Groceries and Provisions. T. Wendell, Henry F. Auctioneer and Appr. West, E. B. Whitehouse, George T. Saloon Keeper. Whitteer, S. C. M. D. Physician. Horse Shoers. Wiirgin, Thomas & Son Wilson, Andrew Hackle Maker. Winbarton, H. A. Foreman Distiller. Woodman, S. B. Rockingham House. Woods, Charles RAYMOND. Fernanda E. Shoemaker. Frank G. Landlord. Gordon Candy. Mrs. Joseph Candy. Blake, Wm. B. Merchant. Brown, John D. Miller. Fullington. Joseph Clergyman. Fiske, Joseph W. Farmer. Green, William B. Shoemaker. Harriman, S. W. Farmer. Higley, Hayden Merchant. Bean, Bean, Bean, Bean, W. Blacksmith. D. Shoe Manufacturer. F'remont Shoemaker. Pecker, Geo. A. Landlord. Ladd, Ladd, J. Wm. Littlefieli, Grocer. Grocer. Norton, James Norton, C. A. Homeopathic Physician. Nutter, Wm. H. City Farm. Owen, Eleazar Clergyman. Oxford & Johnson Grocers. Parsons, J. W., M. D. Physician. Peirce, Albert 8. Rockingham House. Peirce, D. H. Peirce. E. G., Jr. Postmaster. Pendexter, Oeo. W. Builder. Perry, Cooledge Plummer, Cyrus Baker. Rand, A. H. HI. Market 663 St. Randall, R. L. Fish Dealer. Rice, B. F. Shipsmith. Rix, A. W. Machinist. Rix, George L. Roberts, Richard Eldredge's Brewery. Robinson, C. Merchant. Roche, Edward B. Pedler. Rollins, William H. Lawyer. Rowe, Samuel Merchant. Rugg, James A. Box Manufacturer. Rugg, lvah M. Box Manufacturer. Russell, Wm. F. Grocer. Sanborn, James George Market St. Hotel. Agricultural Implements J. L. Seymore, Ira C. Blacksmith. Sheehan, Thomas J. Grocer. Simpson, Charles E. Merchant Tailor. Slatter, John H. Groceries, Boots and Shoes. Smith, Lewis E. Teacher. Smith, Geo. W. Sowesby, Jane W. Baker. Scott, Seavey, ROLLINSFORD. Beedle, Rufus Painter. Cheney, Charles Farm r. Cook, John R. R. Service. Dame, H. C. Farmer. Decatur, Samuel H. Farmer. Garvin, James H. Farmer. Garvin, Wm. R. Farmer. Guppy, Wm. H. Farmer. Ham, Morris Farmer. Ham, Samuel Farmer. Pinkham, Mary E. Aaron Farmer. Roberts, Roberts, Roberts, Roberts, Farmer. Farmer. Farmer and Ex-Judge. Rollins, Joshua U. Carpenter. Rollins, Thomas Farmer. Spencer Alphonzo H. Stackpole. Lorenzo Farmer and Milk Dealer Wentworth, Gustavus Farmer. Wentworth, Seleucus Farmer. Charles C. J. D. H. R. SALMON FALLS. Abbott, Ichabod Moulder. Allen, Charles D. Overseer iu Cloth Room. Bradford, W. P. Carpenter. Converse, Joshua Agent of Manufg Co. Cunningham, Hugh Moulder. Duffy, Luke Edmonds, Joseph Blacksmith. Farnham, Edw. P. Carpenter. Stevens, A. P., D. D. S. Dentist. Stott, John W. Grocer. Taylor, George Oyster Saloon. Fernald, R. C. Grocer. Ham, W. A. Butcher. Herbert, William Clergyman. Horr, W. H. Physician. Lin-cott, J. B. Painter. Thatcher, J. H. Morton, Albert Mechanic. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 66± W. H. Cash. Salmon Falls Bank. Pinkhaiu. Leonard II. Butcher. Wheeler, Isaiah Whitcouib, James 0. Russell, Luke R. Machinist. Speed, C. D. Machinist. Stevens, Edw. A. Foreman Iron Wilkinson, F. B. Barber. Willey, J. P. Machinist. Woodward, James TILTON. Brown, B. W. Lumber Dealer. Cass, W. T. Iona Savings Bank. Cate, Asa P. (Nortbtield,) Judge of Gilmore, John L. Book-keeper. Morton, Foundry. SONAPEE. Abbott, A. S. Harne Maker. Angell, C. B. Farmer. Angell, John Farmer. Batchelder, H. Station Agent. Chase, James A. Sawyer. Colburn, Lyman Farmer. Eastman, H. P. Hame Maker. Emery. D. F. Lumber Dealer. Emery, S. F. Farmer. Emory, C. II. Hame Maker. Hurd, J. B. Farmer. Hurd, S. F. Farmer. Osboru, G. A. Hame Maker. Osborn. 0. 0. Hame Maker. Page, Frank Clothes Pin Maker. Piper, John Hame Maker. Sargeant, M. G. Farmer. Smith, James B. Painter and Furniture Whitker, G. Farmer. Young, Abiather Peg Manuf'r. Young, Wm. Farmer. P. Lord, A. C. Jeweler. Noyes, J. B. Manufacturer. Perkins, J. L. Thorpe Tilton Druggists. Towns, T. M. Manufacturer. Wardwell, P. G. Physician. Blaisdell, Moses S. Pratt, H. L. Cotton Manufacturer. Pratt, Theo. 0. Clergyman. Taylor, J. F. Trader. <fe WARNER. Adams, Henry G. Mechanic. Andrews, John M. Farmer. Andrews, Joseph P. Farmer. D'lr. SUTTON. Lumber Dealer. Blauchard, Samuel Brownsou, Austin S. Physician. Cheney, A. Cheney, Gilbert J. Cressey, A. Dealer in Stoves and Tin Ware. Eastmau, Rev. T. B. Clergyman. Eaton, Geo. C. Farmer. Flint, Calvin Clock and Watch Repairer. Fowler, Charles A. Fuller, Geo. C. Physician. Johnson, Benj. Trader. Hoyt, Wm. C. Painter and Paper Hanger. Marshall, W. H. Wheelwright. Nelson, J. A. Nye, Newell J. Harness Maker. Page, Enoch Farmer. Peaslee, James M. Peaslee, Isaac Clergyman. Pillsbury, Benj. P. Prescott, James D. Farmer. Simley, James R. Physician. Wadleigh, Thomas Farmer. Watkins. Jason II. Farmer. Wells. Elliott Farmer. Wheeler, Leonard Farmer. TEMPLE. Bacon, Wm. P. Brown. Nathan A. Burton, James E. t'hilds, Nathan Dillon, Thomas L. Durgin. Thomas Edwards, S. W. Farrar, Barnard Farrar, Danforth Fisk, Jeremiah Fisk, M. H. GiddiiiL's, John Giddings, Isaac Jr. Haywood, Charles P. Hidden, L. Howard, Artemus M. Kendall, Charles 0. Mansfield, Solon Sheldon, Nathan H. Watson, Charles Bartlett Bros., Excelsior Manuf'rs. Bartlett, Frank Farmer. Bartlett, Nathaniel C. F'armer. Bartlett, 0. H. P. Mechanic. Belknap. Hamlet Clerk in Hotel. Benton, C. A. Tailor. Watson, Blaisdell H. Box Manufacturers, Lumber Dealers. and Buswell, H. Postmaster. Brown, W. A. Carpenter. Burbank. David S. Farmer. Burrell, Warren A. Mechanic. Carroll, A. C. Merchant Clark, A. A. Mechanic. Clement, L. J. Farmer. Clough, Reuben Farmer. Colby, Charles H. Farmer. Colby, Fred Myron Student. Colby, Samuel F'armer. Cole, E. C. High School Teacher. Collins, Lemuel W. F'armer. Davis, A. P Sheriff and Insurance Agent. Davis, E. H. Machinist. Davis, Henry H. Farmer. Davis, Lawrence E. Farmer. Davis & Sawyer, Farmers and Grocers. Davis, W. M. W. Speculator Dow, Mrs. S. H. Dowlin, J. H. Farmer. Dunbar, M. & W. C. Farmers. Edmunds, S. A. Ela, James G. Merchant. Ewins, John H. F.rmer. George, John Attorney at Law. George, John 2d Teacher. Graves, F. W. Physician. Hardy, Bartlett Farmer. Ilarrimau, A. W. Farmer. Harriman, II. H. Engineer. Hemphill, George A. Carpenter. Hutchinson, Obadiah Farmer. Mc Dole, David F'armer. Morgan, John II. F'armer. Morrill, J. H. Osgood, John Jeweler. Shoemaker. Pierce, Daniel Mechanic. Paige, James D. Mechanic. Palmer, E. W. Shoemaker. Pattee, S. 0. F'armer. Quimby, G. F. Rand, George Mechanic. Reddington, C. W. Mechanic. Rix, J. M. Physician. Robertson, J. E. Rogers, John Jr. Mechanic. Rogers, J. S. Harness Maker. Sargent, A. W. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Sargent, Frank M. Farmer. Savory, George Farmer. Savory, Wm. D. Farmer. Sawyer, Charles P. Farmer. Scobey, Mrs. Rosella Smith, Charley W. Mechanic. Stevens, H. C. Farmer. Turner, F B. Blacksmith. Wadleigh, James A. Mechanic. Watson, George Carpenter. Watson, Humphrey S. Wheeler, M. D. Blacksmith. Whitcomb, Clark Mechanic. Willis, Lemuel Clergyman. WASHINGTON. Atwood, Horace Cooper. Bailey, Oilman Farmer. Carr, M. U. Mechanic. Colburn, H. H. Clergyman. Cram. 0. T. Blacksmith. Dole, M. H. Farmer. Dresser, Woodbury Farmer. Fowler, Frank A. Machinist. John H. Mechanic. Gordon. Freeman S. Mechanic. Hadley, Mark M. Merchant. Harthorn, L. Hosiery and Flannels. Hurd, Fred Mechanic. Lull, N. A. Merchant. Frazer, Mcllvien&Son Wood, Sylvester Butchers. Physician. WILTON. Adams, Rev. D. D. Clergyman 2d Congre- gational Church. Ames, Henry Station Agent, B. L. & N. R. R. Rodney, Cabinet Maker. Batchelder, C. M. Farmer. Blanchard, Gardner Breeder of Prime Fowls. Blanchard, Sumner Boot Maker. Bumpus, G.G. Supt. County Farm. Burns, C. H. Lawyer. Clark, Moses Treas. Wilton Savings Bank. Cragin, Daniel Wooden Ware Manuf r. Cram, T. B. R. R. Service. Dascomb, Geo. L. Laborer. Ball, Dascomb, Joseph Farmer. Emerson, H. L. Carpenter. Emerson, Wm. Carpenter. Epps, Henry D. Express Messenger. Fitch, A. P. Druggist. Foster, Waldo, Farmer. H.llahan, P. Catholic Priest. Haselton, Charles Mason. Holt, Henry A. Desk Manufacturer. Jaques, Alfred E. Merchant. Livermore, H. H. Lynch, Edward Stable Keeper Whiting House. May, Charles P. 0. Farmer. Mc Oregor, John A. Mc Kay. John S. Merchant. Parkhurst, George Farmer. Peavey. F. M. Dentist. Preston, Samuel A. Procter, D. E. Merchant. Putnam, P. H. Furniture Manufacturer. Neville, Geo. S. Savage, Wm. J. Wm. E. Putnam, Ridout, 665 Cabinet Maker. Undertaker. Russel, Tlieron Tarbell, Charles L. Merchant. Whiting, H. A. Milk, Grain and Abbott, H. Albee, Ellery Atherton, Samnel Bemis, Charles S. Bryant, M. D. Buffom, S. W. Burnap, James T. Chandler, Wm. Colburn, Wm. P. Colony, J. C. Colt, A. C. Currier, John Dickerson, Capt. Ansel Felch, Wm. L. R. Forbes, E. M. Fosgate, W. Barrett Guernsey, W. H. Harmon, E. Holeman, J. 0. Howard, A. M. Lewis, Wm. H. Lyman, Henry Maxfield, A. L. Morse, S. M. Pierce, H. Pratt, Charles Pratt, H. M. Pratt, H. W. Sabin, D. T. W. Shampuey. Fred E. Shrigley, Wm. Stearn, D. C. Stevens, N. E. Stimpson, Edw. F. Swain, D. S. Swan, H. B. Taft, H. A. Town, Henry A. Turner, A. B. Wilson, R. R. Woodbury, Andrew Woodbury, A. B. DORCHESTER. Musician. Blodgett, Eben J. Farmer. Blodgett, Franklin Farmer. Blodgett, John S. Farmer. Blaisdell, Pettingill Bowen, Warren W. Farmer. Brooks, John W. Farmer. Clough, Cliarles Farmer. Follansbee, George Farmer. Hopkins, Eldbridge Carpenter. Leavitt, Albert Farmer. Norris, Benj. R. Farmer. Norris, John A. Norris. Ira B. Farmer. Merrill, John A. Farmer. Reed, E. R. Farmer. Wheeler, Amos P. Farmer. Woodward, Henry H. Civil Engineer. MISCELLANEOUS NAMES FROM VARIOUS LOCALITIES. Mc Daniels, Chas., Farmer, W. Thomas, Merchant, Athol. Hastings, Lyman B., Mechanic, Athol. Duuckley, Henry H., Proprietor Hotel, Greenfield. Fairbanks, Chester, Machinist, Lebanon. Missou, John T Carpenter, Lebanon. Bean, Henry A., Farmer, Lebanon. Eastman, Edward, Mason, E. Lebanon. , Lumber. WINCHESTER. Springfield. Pickering, C. H., Conductor B., L., & N. R. R., Boston. Little, N. & Co., Blank Book Manufacturers, Boston. Parker, James, Ex. Messenger, Cambridgeport, Mass. Shirland, W. E., New York City �eee NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Streeter, G. W., Esq., 63 Wall St. N. Y. City. Parmelee, J. W., New York City. Parmelee, Ezra. Physician, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. Johnson, G. W., Attorney at Law. Gosport, N. Y. Clement, E. B., Paper Maker, Ashland, N. H. Mason, C. P., Buda, N. Y. Odel, J. W., M. D., Greenland. Junkins, N. 0., Physician, Greenland. Stone, Ed. B., Worcester. Marshall, John, Engraver, Boston. Atkinson, Benj., Merchant, Plymouth, N. H. Avery, J. £.. Farmer, Plymouth. Moulton, C. C, Artist, Plymouth. Yeaton, J. S.. Farmer. Plymouth. Jackman, G. W\, Hotel, Haverhill, N. H. Gale, F. B., Haverhill, N. H. George, J. W., Haverhill. Hutchinson, Z. N.. Haverhill. Metcalf, P.. Haverhill. Merrill, Henry, Haverhill. Smith, C. G.. Proprietor Hotel, Haverhill. Swazey, N.M., Haverhill. Weeks", C. W., Haverhill. Putnam, G. P., Attorney at Law, Warren. Hackmer, John, Sandwich. Drake, Beth 0., Sandwich. Given, L., Kev., Meredith Tillage. Ladd, S. A., Meredith Village. Leavitt, L. R., Teacher, Meredith. Richardson, Edward, Hancock. Barker, E. B., Merchant, Franconia. Richardson, R. E., Lumber Dealer, Bethel. Brown, Thomas W., Clergyman, Dover. Horton, Charles Book-keeper, Dover. Spalding, G. B., Clergyman, Dover. Wyatt, Oliver, Merchant, Dover. Foster, George M., Printer, Dover. Malvern, L., Clergyman, Dover Thurston, James, Clergyman, Dover. Stewart, J. T., Clergyman, Dover. Chamberlain, G. W., Attorney at Law, Dover. Libbey, J. T. 0., Publisher, Dover. Couch, H. H., Farmer, Salisbury. Paige, C. A., Farmer, Salisbury. Gilman, G. W., Farmer, Salisbury. Walker, J. H., Farmer, Wilmot Flat. Til ton, N. H., Tanner, Wilmot Flat. Pierce, Charles W., Tanner, Wilmot Flat. Pierce, Rufus P., Mechanic, Dublin. Wields, Willard A., Mechanic, Hancock. Melville, J. H., Farmer, Nelson. Atwood, C. C, Merchant, Nelson. Gould, M., Clergyman, Nelson. Atwood, 0. P. & Sons, Clothes Pin Manuf rs, Nelson. Morse, Jewett, Farmer, Nelson. Taylor, F., Chair Dealer, Munsonville. Burgett, George L., Chairs, Trunks, &c, MunII., Bonville. Kimball, J. L., Canvasser, Nelson. Hersey, Elizabeth Mrs., Bennington. Bryant, Daniel, Litchfield. S., Litchfield. Hill, A. G., Litchfield. Daniel, S. �ADDITIONAL NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. ACWORTH. CANDIA. Barnard, L. P. ANDOVER. # "White, C. J. Farmer. ANDOVER CENTRE. Chase, H. J. „ „ Chase, N. S. At Peg Manufactory. Cochran, C. A. „ „ foster, Jacob, R. Peg Manufacturer. Moody, M. G. Tinman. Morgan, G. A. Manufacturer. • Morrill, C. A. Mechanic. Palmer, Leonard, Farmer. Procter, John, Woodbury, G. W. Mechanic. Woodbury, Wm. D. Carpenter. ANTRIM. W. Adams, James Cle.-g\ man. Bachelder, James R. Carponter. Brown, John A. Farmer. Brown, Frank P. Buswell, S. Augustine Shoemaker. Gate, John W. Farmer and Lumber Dealer. Dearborn, George J. Dolber, Mrs. M. .*. Teacher. Dudley, Woodbury J. Merchant. Edgerly, Andrew J. Farmer. Emerson, D. F. Fisk, Albin W. Dry Goods Dealer. Shoemaker. French, John P. Farmer. Heath, Aaron Shoemaker. Langford, Joseph C. Lothrop, N. C. Clergyman. Lovejoy, <;. E. Clergyman. Marden, John E. Shoemaker. Marden. George W. Farmer. Partridge, William Shoemaker. Patten, A. F'rank Farmer. Patten, Rufus E. Farmer. Insurance Agent. Bass, Eben Farmer and Auctioneer. Brackett, II. T. Farmer. Brooks, Levi II. Stone Mason. Bryer, John R. Blacksmith. Carr, W. K. Farmer. Carr, Wm. R. Farmer. Christie, Morris Physician. Cochran, Warren R. Clergyman. Dodge, Brothers Furniture Manufacturers. Duncan, John M. Builder. Dustin. B. F. Farmer. Farmer. J. H. Watson, Joseph Stone Mason. Weeks, Geo. Forrest Clergyman. Wentworth, Samuel G. Farmer. Willey, George W. Shoemaker. Trader. Gilmore, W. II. Wheelwright. Man'fr. of Cutlery Goodell, D. H. Currier, Albert L. Baker, E. Reynolds, Wm. 0. Shoemaker. Kobinson, George F. Union Hotel. Smith, Levi D. Shoemaker. Farmer and Lumber Dealer. Trnell. Asa T. Trussell, Warren M. Stone Cutter. Wason, Fairfield, A. CHESTER. & Apple Parers. Hadley, John S. Farmer. Ilerrick, N. B. Farmer. Holmes, Ira Farmer. Loveren, Josiah Lumber Dealer. Parmenter, O. F. Farmer. Bwett, Daniel Farmer. Tuttle. Wm. N. Mason. Whittemore, Reede P. Farmer. AUBURN. Sanborn, H. C. Farmer. BENNINGTON. W. Manufacturer. W. S. Contractor. Burns, G. Carkin. Hotel Keeper. Cheney, Luther, Dodge, J. C. Farmer. Eaton, William. Carpenter. Felch, Benj. D. Farmer. Gilmore, Wm. H. Wheelwright. Griswold, Geo. P. Butcher. Mechanic. Ilackett, Michael. Holmes, James. Clergyman. Holt, Henry D. Mechanic. Farmer. CONCORD. Abbott, Downing Co. Carriage M'frs., 2 copies. Abbott. J. H. Abbott, F. D. Clerk. Adams, C. G. Dealer in Ales. Adams, G. H. Dealer in Ales wholesale. Allen, D. C. Machinist. — Asvlum for the Insane. Bailey, E. C. Editor. Dalian & Curtice, Man'frs Organs Batchelder^J. T. Grocer. Biddle, B. Depot Restaurant. & Melodeons Blanchard, J. S. Dry Goods. Blauchard, G. S. Attorney at Law. Blanchard, Geo. A. Blauchard Churn. Boynton, C. M. Clerk. Grocer. Butterfield, Sam. Call, Horace Dealer in Lumber. Carroll, L. II. Dining Rooms. Carter, S. Ion State Treasurer. Carter, Andrew B. Grocer. Carter, Oren T. Grocer. Chase, J. II. Clifford, J. E. Stoves and Tinware. Boots and Shoes. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 668 Clough, Coffin, Wm. A. CONTOOCOOK. Book-keeper. Frank Wholesale Flour Dealer. John City Marshal, Connell, Corning, Charles II., Law Student, Concord. Corning, II. Ilair Dresser. Crockett, Geo. W. Confectioner. Crocker, J. R. Prop. Phoenix Hotel. Crowell, Robert T. Druggist. Cumniings Geo. A. Marble Worker. Duilge, Howard A. Wholesale Hardware Deal. W Dow, . C0NT0C00KVILLB. Hardon, Rev. Charles. Jeweller. C. J. DEERFIELD. Downing. A. Carriage Manufr. Drew, A. E. Clergyman. Durgin, Brown, 0. W. Carpenter. Dustin, Mark G. Commercial Agent. Gray, Geo. A. Merchant. Osborn, A. J. Carpenter. Seavey, Daniel Carpenter. W. B. Silver Chase, Alden B. Blacksmith. Chase, Wm. F. Farmer. Ware ManuPr, Dutton, J S. Prop. Elm House. Eastman, Chas. S. Druggist. Eastman, E. C. Books and Stationery. Cram, Edgerly, J. W. & Co. Grocers. Emery, Geo. H. '-Concord Harness." Danforth, Dea. Farley, <ieo. B. Marble Worker. Ferrin, II. L. Grocer. Hill, John Geo. Merchant II. W. Hoit, J. Frank Tailor. Clerk. Grocer. Humphrey, Moses Kit Manufacturer. Hutchins, Abel Wholesale Flour Dealer. Johnson, J. D. Harnesses and Trunks. Jones, Seth K. Jones, D. B. Millinery Goods. Jones, A. G. Farmer. Kilburn, Mrs. E. G. Kimball, John Mayor. Kimball, W. G. C. Photographer. Knight, Jeweller. Knee, E. J. Hair Dresser. Ladd, W. D. Iron Dealer. Lang, T. M., 2d. Clerk in Pension Office, Lock, J. 8. Mayers, R. Merrill, J. ball, D. IS. Billiard - Rooms. Livery Stable. Bros. Clothing. v lb. we Machine Co. By R. Ramedell, General Agent, 161 Maine St., State office the Elias Howe Sewing Machine. Tilton, C. F. Picture Frames. Todd, Geo, B. Bnpt of Northern R. R. of Underbill, F. B. Dry Goods. Merchant Tailor. Upton, J. H. Walker, Gost. Wholesale Hardware Dealer. W lute, Nathaniel U. S. & Canada Express. White John If. Prop. Eagle Hotel. M bit, her, B. 0. Wholesale Flour and Grain. Young, Geo. B. Iron Fence. Dpham, W. Civil Engineer." • Mechanics. Mill. F"armer. Farmer. Undertaker. Prescott, S. jr. Farmer. Prescott, George P. Farmer. Robinson, Gilbert Farmer & Dining Rooms. Owen, Frank Dealer in Wines, &c. Prescott, A. J. Organ Manufacturer. Prescott, E. P. Wholesale Flour and Grain. Robinson, A. U. Physician. Saflbrd, H. G. Clergyman. B oborn, Chas. P. Attorney at Law. Sargent, Frank A. Piano Maker. Bhaw, W. D. Hats and Clothing. Shaw, J. D. Artist. Sinclair, H. M. Eating Rooms. Shirley, John M. State Reporter. Stevens, Frank M. Dealer in Wines, 4c. Stewart, T. W. Merchant Tailor. The W. Merchant. Drew, Rufus Farmer. Fifleld, H. L. Shoemaker. Fogg, Franklin Farmer. Freese, Wm. G. Farmer. Furnald, D. S. Farmer. Gerrish, B. & E. F. Shoemakers. Giles, C. N. Farmer. Haines, Samuel G. Farmer. Hoag, Joseph Farmer. Hoitt, Horace M. Shoemaker. James, C. L. Farmer. King, W. E. Music and School Teacher. Ladd, Lewis A. Insurance Agent. Ladd, David B.« Farmer. Morrison, Isaac H. Farmer. Moulton, Daniel I'. Farmer and Cooper. Norris, L. B. Moore. Chas. P. Moore, James & Sons, Wholesale Hardware. Moore, II. P. Silver Types. Murphy, Eugene 0. Harness Maker. National State Capitol Bank. New Geo. S. C. Osgood, J. S. Prei-cott, J. F. Wood, Coal and Ice. Dry Goods. S. Carriage Manufr. Norton, W. K. Noyes, George W. & Dow, John A. Portable Steam Saw Fogg, Geo. G. Ford & Kimball, Iron Foundry. Groves, W. H. F. Gold and Silver Engraver. Hadley, Amos Supt. Pub. Sch. in Concord. Hill, Music Teacher and Agent. J. C, Currier, T. Lumber Dealer. Robinson, J. J. Farmer. Robinson, Simeon A. Farmer. Rogers, A., Deerfield & Danville Shooks. Ring, I. & E. S. Shoemakers. Sanborn, T. W. Mason. Sanborn, B. J. Merchant. Sanborn, R. J. Farmer. Shore, William Blacksmith. Smith, J. S Farmer. Stevens, Daniel M. Farmer. Stone, Joseph Mechanic. Stearns, John Thompson, Wm. Tilton, II. J. Towle, G. H. Lumber G. Tucker, Chas. C. Lumber and Dealer. Farmer and Lumber Dealer. Farmer. Farmer. jr. Physician. M. V. B. Farmer and Lumber Dealer. Walker, H. C. Clergyman. Whittier, Addison S. Farmer. Whittier, Daniel L. Farmer. Tilton, DEERING. Chase, Dennis R. Farmer. Codman, Mendal, Farmer. Cressey, Horace B. Farmer. Dow, E. C. Blacksmith. Kll is, John E. Carpenter. Ellinwood, James S. Farmer. Gilmore, Frank, B. Farmer. Wm. II. Wheelwright. Gove, Joseph N. Farmer. Gove, J. G. Carriage Manufacturer. Goodall. Lewis, Attorney at Law. BUI, Gilbert P. Shoe Maker Holton, Edwin C. Student. Loveren, Warren, Farmer. Morrill, J. G. Farmer. Muzzey, Ervin D. Farmer. Giltnore, �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Putney, Almon, Farmer. Sears, Geo. H. Farmer. Clergyman. S. C. Morrill, J. J. Farmer. Sanborn, C. A. Smith, J. P. Thompson, W. Le. Kimball, Smith, Isaac, Farmer. Varney, Albert L. Student. Whitaker, Hiram H. Farmer. DORCHESTER. GILMANTON. Burnham, Nathaniel, Farmer. Burpee, Marshall, Farmer. Cheever. Sam'l, Farmer. Fitts, John M. Merchant. Reed, Hiram, Farmer. Streeter, L. M. Farmer. Allen, L. B. Teacher in Penmanship. Blake, Joseph. Clergyman. Brown, Joseph. Merchant. Buswell, Samuel, Farmer. Farmer and Lumber EAST ANDOVER. Durgan, Clark. Mechanic. Emery, E. (1. Fanner. Hersey, F. G. Lumberman and Farmer. Kilborn, Henry W. Farmer. Moody, Rev. II. Clergyman. Severance, T. Farmer. Farmer. Newell, Albert N. Farmer. Noose, John B. Insurance Agent. Page, AsaT. Farmer. Page, Luther E. Peasley, Henry W. Peasley, Zaccheus. Farmer. Potter, Thomas G. F'armer Ross, George W. Undertaker and Painter. Sanborn, Alvan E. Student. Sanborn, G. W. Farmer. Smith, A. A. Blacksmith. Bean, John P. Farmer. Bussell, Samuel, Farmer. FRANCESTOWN. Barrett, Cyrus A. Wheelwright. Belcher, Lyman, Blacksmith. Bradford, T. B. Merchant. Bank Treasurer. Bryant, Chas. P. Farmer. Campbell, II. F. Clergyman. Cochran, R. 0. Farmer. Cochran, Win. Farmer. Colburn, James L. Trader's Clerk. Downes, S. D. Trader. Dunklee, F. II. Miller. Duncklee, Geo. A. Farmer. Eaton, Sam. W. Farmer. Emerson. K. W. Farmer. Epps, Geo. D. Blacksmith. Farnuin, W. H. Hotel Keeper. Fisher, Moses B. Farmer. Farmer. Hill, Edmund N. Holt, Stephen, Farmer. Joslyn, Samuel 0. Farmer. Langdell. Elzaphan, Farmer. Lord, Wm. A. Farmer. Manahan, Horace M. Miller. Morse, John G. Farmer. Patch, Hiram, Farmer. Farmer. Pettee, Geo. F. Roper, E. F. Machinist. Simpson, Henry Y. Physician. Taylor, T. E. Teamster. Wilson, Chas. E. Student. Woodward, Abner B. Farmer. Varney, Edwin. Merchant. Wright, Nahum. Physician. GREENFIELD. Blanchard, Henry W. Farmer. Brooks, John S. Butcher. Dunklee, Henry II. Hotel Keeper. Farrington, Isaac, Farmer. Hopkins Bros. Lumber and Grain Dealers. Peavev, Geo. S. Cattle Dealer. Partridge. S. II. Phyiscian ami Clergyman. Wallace, Chas. D. Shoemaker, GROTON HANCOCK. « FRANCONIA. Davis, Noah Barber, Alfred, Gardener. Carlton, J. Carpenter. Dane, John B. Stage Agent. Davis, Joseph, Farmer. Hill. John P. Little, J. L. Farmer. Farmer. Matthews, Samuel, Farmer. Nesmith, Jonathan, Farmer. Patten David, Hotel Keeper. HENNIKER. Clement, Edwin B. Eastman, Geo. A. Wood, Geo. D. V. B. Farmer. HOOKSET. Docham, J. N. W. Paper Maker. Farmer. HILLSBOROUGH. Farmer. GILFORD VILLAGE. Eaton, Tanner and Currier. Foster, A.J. L. Sanbon, Alvah 0. Farmer. Swett, George L. Parker, E. B., Merchant, Franconia. GILFORD. Gilmanton Academy. Library. Haynes, Wm. & Son. Rake Manufacturers. Hill, Charles W. Farmer. Hill, J. P., Farmer. Hutchinson, F. Watches and Clocks. Jenkins, Lewis. Farmer. Jones, John W. Blacksmith. Lougee, Stephen G. Former. Marsh, J. & E. Propr's. Washington House. Merrill, Chas. E. EAST WILMOT. Bixby, Thomas E. Farmer. French, Warren B. Alley, J. Farmer. Bussitt, H.M. Mechanic. Durgan, F B. Mechanic. Stevens, Sylvester. Augusta E. Colcord, Richard R. Shoe workman. Collins, 0. F. & F. T. Connell, John. Merchant. Edgerly, Etta M. Teacher. Foss, Alvah. Farmer, Farmer. i'rench, Merwin E. Collin, DOVER. Prescott, Capt. Sam'l Dealer. 669 Hunter H. Gile, Benj. J. Harness Maker. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 670 Gifford, 0. G. Gordon, W. O. Hanson, R. R. Saw Mill. Saw Mill. Haselton, George W. Jones, Walter. Jordou, James. Nutting, Elien H. Peaslee, Daniel W. Carpenter. Reumley, Albert. LACONIA. Blaisdell, W. M. Farmer. Bla sdell, John C. Farmer. BlaisdelL Wm. P. Greene, E C. Carpenter and Builder. Johnson, Charles H. Blacksmith. Lougee, Curtis J. Painter. Richardson, Chas. F. Farmer. Robinson, Prank I. Farmer. Robinson, John II. Farmer. Sanborn, Jacob Farmer. Webster, Jacob G. Whittier, Moses J. Carriage Maker. Woodman, Ella. LACONIA TILLAGE. Attorney at Law. Croggan Andrew. Dow, Fred. Spinner. Copp, Gustavus A. Elkins, C. II. Baker. Frye, Joseph F. Carpenter. Fullerton, C. H. Druggist. Gilman, David. Gove, Mary J. Jewett, Samuel. Oram, Charles E. Machinist. Paige, Asa F. Painter. Pearson, II. C. Spinner. Taylor, Fred. Spinner. Weeks, G. W., of Weeks Bros. II. Dry Goods. Machinist. Merchant. Aldricl), I. M. Merchant. Appleton. William Jr. Hosiery. Bailey, Mrs. Sarah J. Baker, T. D. Berry & Merrill. Bowler, Thomas. Brown, C. F. Merchant. Brown, Levi 13. Stable Keeper. Bugbee, II. 0. Merchant. Bnrnham, W. I. Moulder. Buzzell,G. M. Hair Dresser. Clark. J. II. Clergyman. Clark, S. C. Attorney at Law. M Machinist. Treas. Cole Mannf g Co. Cole, 15. J. Cole, Kimball Moulder. Cole, S. B. Capt. Steamer, Co'ik, J. Cox, I>. M. W. S. M. "Stocking Trimmer." S.inboru, David. Aldrich, Johsi E. Hoit, Houston, W. G. Barber. Huntress, N. C. At J. Pepper's Mill. Jewell, B. F. Merchant. Kennedy, Geo. L. Frame work Knitter. " Kennedy, Robert Leavett. Christopher Overseer in Appleton's Hosiery Mills. Leavett, James Knitting. Lougee. Frank W. Blacksmith. Mitchel, R. W. Conductor. Moore, J. C. Physician. Morse, Lizzie. Moulton. 0. M. Machinist. Murphy, M. T. Overseer at Pepper's Mill. Oakes, Simeon S. Machinist. Odell, J.L. Druggist. Olin, J. T. Iron Melter. Ryan, Edward Ryder, C. M. Adams, Williams Clough, Gerald, Laura. Gilman, Mrs. Abbie M. Gordon, J. E. Gray, John Farmer. Hall, K. S. Clergyman. Haynes, A. C. Conductor on R. R. Cars. Haynes, M. A. Editor of Lake Village Times. Hendley. John B. Merchant. Hodgdon. Sam. Hosiery Manuf r. Machinist. Peaslee, B. F. Pepper, John Hosiery Manufr. Pepper, W. H. Machinist. Robie, C. D. & Co. Merchants. Rublee, II. F. Blacksmith. LAKE VILLAGE. Abel, William Chief Engineer on Steamer Folsom, Josiah " Ladv of the Lake." Foss, D. B. George, Otis Carder at J. Pepper's Mill. "Lady of the Lake." Wheelwright and Machinist. Machinist. Carrier, J. E. Blacksmith. dishing, R. B. Dentist. Dames, Dorethy. Daniels, J. F. Latch Needle Mauufr. Darke. D.G. Davis, John. Dearborn, John n. Printer. Dearborn, R. EL Railroad Employee. Dodge, M. E. Sanborn. Machinist. Shackford, N. Sheeper, Chas. M. Farmer. Shute, Fannie D. Simnuns, H. Bleacher. Simpson. James A. Mechanic. Smith, A. V. Moulder. Smith, Ruins. Sprey, John Stocking Trimmer. Steele, Joseph. Story, D. B. Belknap House. Sturtevant, George Teamster. Swain, John II. Clerk in Drug store. Swazy, H. W. Job Teaming and Wood dealer Taylor, Miles Station Agent. Taylor, 0. C. Carder. Tilton, Bettie. Tucker, Arthur Machinist. Ward, E D. Photographer. WardweUl C. P. S. Needle ManuPr. Webster, John. Wheeler, E. H. Railroad. Whittier, J. P. Traveling Salesman. Whitten, S. Needle Manufr. Whitman, F. C. Railroad Shop. Whitting, Annie S. Wilcomb, Edgar Wilder. Geo. A. Woodworth, W. II. Merchant, Gen'l Assortment Needle Manufr. E. LEBANON. Donevan, J. G. Durrell,.!. M. Machinist. Barber, Lovell F. Farmer. Barker, Daniel Farmer. Bean, Henry A. Farmer. Bennett, G. Merchant. Benton, C. C. M. R. Car Builder Ellsworth. Fergesou, David Conduct, on Passenger cars Billings, II. S. Farmer. Bixliy, A. Foundry. Blaisdell, Edson U. Farmer. ElkiiiB, �671 NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. English, John AY. Farmer. Farr, Evarts AY. Attorney at Law. Farr, George. Proprietor Oak Hill House. Farr, Nelson C. Merchant. Farr, Noah. Farmer. Mechanic. Bliss, Philetus Farmer. Bliss, II. E. Blodgett, G' orge Farmer. Bowles, W. S. Dentist. Breck, John T. Farmer. Bridgeman, M. C. Auctioneer. Buck, J. H. Farmer. Calley, F. M. Chandler, J. Fisher, H. J. Furniture Dealer. Flanders, Nathaniel. Farmer. Furber, George C. Editor of Republic. Printer. Mechanic. Graham, Editor. Shop * Foundry. Farmer. Dunbar, II. B. Poultry Dealer. Durant. E. J. Merchant. Eastman, Edward Mason. Fairbanks, Chester Machinist. Freeman, C. F. Farmer. Gallop, Mrs. Susan E. Farmer. Gile, A. R. Deming, N. Goodrich, H. P. Stair Builder. Hall, A. A. Prop. Lafayette Hotel. Harvey, H. Heath, E. M. Farmer. Hildrith, C. M. Hardware, Cutlery Farmer. Hatch, 0. C. Holmes, Arial. Lumber Dealer. Hntchins, F. D. Teacher. Kilburn Brothers. Photographers. Lovejoy, Chas. H. Doors. Sash and Blind R. Re-'t., Hotels, etc Marsh, Sylvester. Mclntire, Alex. Lumber Dealer. Farmer. Mills, A. H. Paddleford, P. H. Millwright and Machinist. Parker, D. C. Parker, Ira. Glove Manufacturer. Parker, L. II. Hair Dresser. Parker, Silas & Co. Tanners and Curriers. Printer for Kilburn Bros. Peavey, Jas. 8 Quimby, John C. Farmer. Rand, Jane II. Livery Stable and FarRichardson, Henry. & mer. , Sanborn, L. D. & Co. Furniture Dealers. Sawyer, S. C. Dentist. Stoves. Hoytt, Mary B. Kelsey, H. S. Soap Manafr. Keniston, M. L. Farmer. KeLney, L. P. Farmer. Kecdrick, E. A. Cashier of Bank. Kendrick, F. B. Watch-maker. Knight, E. A. Physician. Lathrop, Geo. H. Farmer. Liscomb, E. P. Postmaster. Mahan, C. B. Machinist. Miller, J. A. Farmer. Miner, John T. Carpenter. Orcutt, Hiram Prin. Tilden Female Seminary. Packard, C. W. Farmer. Lumber Stevens, T. M. Jeweler. Thayer, H. L. Proprietor Thayers Hotel. Towne, H. G. Farmer. AYatson, H. L. Physician. AYeeks, Alonzo. Boot & Shoe Dealer & Mannt AYhitney, F. G. Edge Too! Maker. AYoodward. Edge Tool Maker. Young, Cyrus. Livery Stable. MANCHESTER. Abbott, E.O. Fruit, Confectionery 4 Fancy Goods. Allen & Flanders Civil Engineers. Baldwin, James & Co. Bobbins and Shuttles. Blodgett, AY. C. Carpenter. Dealer. Farmer. Farmer. M. F. Mechanic. Bichardson, Kice, L. M. Farmer. Ross, D. M. Mechanic. Boioe, F. M., Restaurant. Mechanic. Sawyer, Sayer, Frank Livery Stable. Simmons, N. S. Mechanic. Spring, J. L. Attorney at Law. Stone, B. F. Engineer. Stowell, Alfred Mechanic. Templeton, Lucy L. Thomas. Edward Farmer. Truman, Mrs. S. S. ics Denney, & Bisco, Card Clothing Manufaeturers. Mechanics Row. Dinsmore, A. & C. Lumber Dealers and Box Manufacturers. Mechanic. Edgerly, Clarence M. Elm Insurance. 091 Fahey, Patrick Fitzgerald, Martin Marble Worker. Follansbee, H. A. Grocer. Gerrish & Boutwell, Druggists. Haddock, C.F. Shoe Manufacturer. Hardy, E. T. Wholesale Dealer in Confectionery. & Cigars. Heselton, H. AV. Shoemaker. Book Binder, Blank Book Hoitt. Geo. C. Manufacturer and Paper Ruler. Hunkins, A. D. Cigar Dealer. Kennedy, Edwin Clothing. Kinne, M. Ar B. Carpenter & Lumber Dealer Lamso'n & Marden, Granite Workers. . Depot Store. Dealer. Fire Street. Ales, AYines, Ac. Charlton, John M. Farmer. Chase, Chester P. Printer. Cudworth, E. Lumber Dealer. Dodge, Marshall C. Farmer. Dunn, E. D. Contractor and Builder. Lumber Row. Druggist. II. G. Daniels & Co., Hardware. AYm. H. Book Keeper. Darling, Conner, Bailoy, A. E. Barrett. J. J. & AY. G. Insurance Agents. Batchelder, A. S. Law Student. Bingham, Geo. A. Lawyer. Bishop, R. M. Contractor on Railroads. Brooks, Ezra, Jr. Tailor. Bugbee, R. Jr. Physician. C. F. 8 Chandler, P. B., & Co. Clothing Chevalier, J. Aug. Catholic Pastor. Cleworth, John, Reed Manufacturer .Mechan- LITTLETON. Eaton, Charles. Mechanic Buck, AVm. E. Teacher. Cassidy, AY. H. Carpenter and Builder. Abbott, G. F. Druggist. Aldrich, AVatson. Farmer. Allen. Abijah. Farmer. Eastman, Groceries. Druggists. Roll Coverer. Row. AY. B. Enos Co. Bradley, Charles B. P. Weeks, & Boutwell & Gerrish. Sargent, A. AY. AYhite, P. S. Cashier Littleton Nat'l Bank. Clark, Asa Cole, Bugbee & Co. Machine Colby, Lucy A. Con-tantine, M. Farmer. Davis, W. F. Dentist. Pattee, L. C. Perley, M. P. Pierce, F. AY. Machinist. Griggs, Alvin. S. Cheney, E. H. I �672 NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Lane, John G. Insurance. Plumer's Building Leighton, Geo. A. Machinist. Lowell, A. II. Iron Foundry, Castings of all PETERBORO. Gilligan, Daniel Martin, R. W. Carriage Painter. McCrillis & Son, Carriage Man'frs. Cor. Bridge and Wilson sts. Cody', Boots and Shoes. Messier, Octavius L. Groceries & Provisions. Mooar, John Watches and Jewelry. McDonald & Morrill, N. E. Insurance. 871 Catholic Pastor. O'Brien. J. Elm Glass, Agricultural Tools, Seeds, etc. A. W. Carriage Manu'fr. 1168 Sanborn, st. Shelters & Lewis, Boot & Shoe Dealers. Slayton, E. M. Wholesale Dealer in CountryProd iice, 494 Chesnnt St. Sleeper, & Co. W. F. Grocers & Provision Dealers. Smith. J. A. V. Flier Manufacturer. Mechan Row. Smith. & Co. J. L. Box Manufacturers, Plane ing Mill & Lumber. ie's Dealer in Nuts. Tv.i-s, II. B. VickerA Co II. M. Maufacturers of White Spruce Beer. Ginger Ale & Soda. Watts & Holmes Flour & Grain, wholesale. Weeks, B. B. Druggist. Williams, George G. Merchant Tailor. Globe Block. Wilson, Julius E. Fire Insurance. MASON. Hammond, Farmer. Goodwin, Daniel, Clergyman. Whittaker, George, Fruit Grower. Elliot, J. MEREDITH VILLAGE. Bean, F. T. Clergyman. Burleigh, C. M. Hotel Druggist. Cotton, A vah, Canvasser. I Dow, M. E. Lang, J. M. Merchant. Moulton, II. II. Xorris, Daniel, Undertaker. Rollins, L. W. Stevens, Eben. Thurston, 8. D. Farmer. Wadleigh, Charles, Farmer. Wndleigh, M. L. Farmer, Wadleigh, S. T. Farmer. NEW BOSTON. Butterficld, D. N. Manufacturer of Toy Bureaus, Iron Water Wheels and Machinery. NEWMARKET. Burley, Harrison G. Farmer. Ervin, William Machinist. Haines, ('. p. Batting Manufacturer. Jenncss, Charles V. Pattern Maker. Langlands, William Gardener. Pendergost, Edmund B. Farmer. Senter, N. F. Carriage Maker. Smith, Cyrus G. Farmer. Wiggin, Edwin Wiggins, James F. S. Farmer. Merchant. Weave Room. Dodge, E. B. Lumberman. Eastman, 0. G. Mechanic. Flanders, 0. S. D. Mechanic. Seavey, A. G. Miller. Seavey, James. Mechanic. RAYMOND. Street. Parmelee, J. II. Dentist. Pike & Heald, Ranges, Furnaces, Plumbing. Raymond, Wm. H. Stable Keeper. Robie, John H. Rockwell, A. L. Custom Boots & Shoes. 21 Stark Block. Rogers, William C. Hardware, Paints, Oils, Elm Overseer in POTTER PLACE. kinds. Scribner, John Farmer. Scribner, Charles W. Farmer. RDMNEY. Manfr. of Truss Pads. Abbott Jos. Merchant. Adams S. Carriage & Sleigh Manfr. Ames, G. H. Glove Cutter. Abbott, Daniel, Ames, Frank P. Painter. Atwood, Fre A. Farmer. Avery, S. W. Ladder Mnfr. i D. Hotel Keeper. J. 0. Teamster. Blodgett, S. F. Shoe Workman. Burnham, J. C. Mechanic. Baker. Blake, S. Bnrnham, J. W. Farmer. Farmer. Buzzell, Abial, Buzzell, Fred M. Ladder Manfr. Chapman Chas. C. Ladder Manfr. (base, J. W. Agt. Steam Washer for Grafton County. Colburn, J. A. Farmer. Collins. George W. Craig, B. M. Farmer. Craig, C. C. Blacksmith. Currier, W. P. Farmer. Davis. Jacob, Brick Maker. Doe, O. D. Farmer. Elliot, Climera F. Miss. Teacher. Lumber Mnfr. Elliot' C. H. Lumber Manfr. Elliot. E. H, & Brother, Farnsworth, Miss. Belle C. Teacher. Fifield, Dana, Painter & Glazier. Fletcher, George W. Buck Glove Manfr. Ford, II. R. Painter & Manfr. Caskets & Coffins. French, C. N. Farmer. French, George P. Glove Cutter. French, S. Farmer. George, A. R. Butcher. George, Mrs. Thomas. Gillet, C. Farmer. Greeley, Guy E. Buck Glove Manfr. Hall, A. C. Hall. B. A. Physician. Farmer & Butcher. Hardy, B. P. Manfr. of Wood Handles Ac. Ilavnes, J. H. Farmer. Herbert, C. W. Farmer. Holden, Milton. ) „ . en . „ 011 "' Ho, Holden,Cha S . .A.L |2 2 Spaulding. Q. C. j Cai »P h °r Refiners. Jeffers, E. W. Shoe Workman. Kenniston, D. D Farmer. Keys, Henry, Farmer. Keys, J. P. Bobbin Manfr. Keys, Frank A. Student. Marston, A. R. Farmer. Marstou, A. Farmer. Merrill, Frank H. Ladder Manfr. Merrill, S. E. Lumber Manfr. Morrill, A. R. Machine Broker. Palmer, Chas. C. Ladder Manfr. Pa} ne, Mrs. G. W. Milliner. Pease, Charles, Peppard, J. W. Perkins Mrs. S. Farmer. Manfr. Ladders, Steps, Clipper Sleds, M. Snow Shovels, Ac. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. Hoyt, Hiram Person, Abbott W. Teamster. Pillsbury, D. R. Mechanic. Preston, Clinton F. Farmer. Quincy, Hon. Josiali Quincy, S. H. Merchant. Robinson, George H. Lumber Manfr. Simmons, Jag. S. Ladder Manfr. Simpson, C, B. Merchant. Simpson, D. L. Physician Simpson, T. S. Lumber Dealer. Smart. C. C. Brick Manfr. Spalter, Rev. A. D. Teacher Spaulding, Chas. Manfr. of Lumber, Brick & Charcoal Spaulding, E. 0. Charcoal Manfr. Spaulding, Leverett, Farmer. Spaulding, Luella H. Stevens, Henry B. Stevens, 0. L. Ladder Manfr. Swain, Miss. Eva J. Teacher. Swain, J. R. Station Agt. Tilton, J. D. Clergyman RTE. Farmer. Farmer. Foss, Robert S. Garland, Chas. D. Farmer. David, Farmer. Jenne>s, Jenness, Emery C. Farmer. Jenness, G. H. Chairman School Committee. Johnson, Gilman W. Farmer. Jones, Mrs. Parry. Morrill, Alva H. Clergyman. Odiorne, Sylvester D. farmer. Philbrick, John. Farmer. Philbrook, 0. B. Mason. Rand, Henry S. Mason. Rand, Obed. Farmer. SULLIVAN. Nahum Shoemaker. Currier. Lyman Blacksmith. Atwell C, Farmer. Goodwin, L. H. & D. W. Manuf rs and ber and Chair Stock Dealers. Nims, Augustus F. Farmer. Stevens, J. G. Tanner and Currier. White, Samuel S. Farmer. Winchester, Elliot C. Farmer. Davis, Ellis, UNITY. D ealer in Grain and Lumber Dealer in Lumber. T. Laborer. Cummings, John Farmer. Goodwin, David L. Farmer. J.icobs, George F. Teamster. Libby, Horatio R. Farmer. Libby, Nathaniel & Ez. Farmers. Merrill. Asa B. Farmer. Noves. Fred E. Laborer. Weeks, H. W. Lumber Dealer. Weeks^ Ira M. Merchant. Whicher, Levi C. Farmer. Willey, Alexander. Farmer. WASHINGTON. Crane, 0. T. Abbott, C. Henrv, Hotel Keeper, Aldrich, C. E. Farmer & Summer Boarding House, Lumber Dealer, Aldrich, D. M. Aldrich, Ira M. Summer Boarding House. Allard, Sam'l, Firm, Gordon Allard & Co. Lumber Dealers. Amadon. Geo. M. Fngineer for Wbiteneld Lumber Co, F. Farmer. Jeweller & Druggist. S, Bond, J. Farmer. Farmer. S. L. Bray, Briggs, 0, S. Farmer. Brown, A. L. I Lumber Merchants of the Firm Brown, W. G. j of A. L. & W. G. Brown & Co. Brown, Frank P. Merchant. Burns, C. W. Lumber Dealer. Byrne, Wm, Lawyer. Carleton, Mrs. E, Chase. A. M. Farmer & Real Estate Agt. Colby, C. J. Harness Maker. Colby, J. S. Farmer. Cole, G. W. Farmer & Cowing, C. Hazen. A W. Engineer Hazen. Dodge, Leonard L. D. & Lumber Sawyer, Cummings, J.W. & Co. Darling, G. Cattle Dealer. Mechanics for W. C. for L. D. Teamster. G. I*. F. Libbey & L. T. W. Libby * Co. Dodge, M. B. Carpenter & Joiner. Dodge, Wm. F. Proprietor of Mountain View House. Donovan, Wm. J. Teamster for Brown & Co, Dustin, J. E. Mechanic for Brown & Co, Enstmau, Ben. Farmer nd Teamster. Eastman, Chas. Firm, Fasiman & Perkins, Meat & Groceries. Eastman, J. K. Livery Stable. Teamster. S. A. Surveyor of Lumber, at Fearoh, Fred C. Brown's, Fearon, G. Head Edger. Lumber Dealer at War. Fiske, Hazen W, cester Mass. Elmer, Fiske, J. Sullivan, WARREN. Davis, Chas. S. Gale. Chas. M. Depot Master, WHITEFIELD. .- Lum- Glidden, Elisha. Glidden, Ezra J. Bixby, Jas. M. WEST ANDOVER. Brown, W. R. Blood, 0. Aldrich, J. K. Cram, Frank Farmer. I. Lincoln, F. B, Painter. Proctor, Israel D. Rake Manuf 'r. Proctor, Mary B. Severance, John Farmer. Bell.Wm. Weeks, A T. Farmer, Willoughby, J. F. Farmer. Wyatt, Rev. T. jr. Pastor of North Holderness Church. Bridge, 678 Farmer & Summer Board ing House, Fowler, A. J. Boot Manufacturer, Goodwin, J, A. Carpenter. Gordon, M. H. Firm, Gordon Allard * Lole Lumber Dealers, Gould, C. B, Farmer & Cattle Dealer. Gould, L. R. Moulder. Gove, George S, Physician, Gove, Ira S. M. General Collection Agent. Harmon, Wm. M. Clergyman, Harriman, Geo, Teamster, G, W. Libby & UQ, Hayes, Orange S. Boarding House Keeper for Brown & niggins, M. Co. House Painter, George W. Farmer, Holmes, V. R. Board Sawyer, Holmes, Willis, Lumberman, Howland, 0. S. Farmer & Stlldeflt. Huntoon, Amasa, Farmer, Hutcuins, J. M. Farmer. Iiildreth, �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. G74 Hutching, M. W. Farmer. Hutching, W. B. Clerk Insurance Agent. Jenkins, 0. E. Board Sawyer, C. Libby & Co. Johnson, J. W. Mountain Stage Driver. ' l. Millwright and If achiuist. King, C. E. Farmer. Lambert, Louis, Lawyer. Lane, A. W. Clerk. C. Libby & Co. Lane, 1! F. Farmer. Learned, Henry, Board Sawyer, G. W. Libby &Co. Learned, J. M. Saw Filer, 0. W. Libby & Co. Libbey, n. C. Lumber Dealer. Libbey, J. U A. Grain Mill. Lumber Dealer. Libby, Charles, Libby, II. W. Lumberman, C. Libby & Co. Libby, J. C. Millwripht. Marden, E. F. Farmer. Mc. Gregor. J. L. Student Agricultural College, Uanover. Edger, C. Libby & Co. 0. Mc Leod, Miner, J. L. Farmer. Morey, George E. Clerk at Brown's Store. Morrison, Mrs. L, .Milliner, Dress Maker & Fancy Hoods. Morse, John, Engineer, G. W. Libby & Co. Mason. U ton, G. P. Newel, II. S. Farmer. Nou^se, Eugene, Saw Filer for L. D. & L. T. Uazen. Palmer, C. J. Machinist for Brown & Co. Parker, Daniel, Farmer. Parker, L. D. Shingle Sawyer, G. W. Libby A Co. Perkins, J. S. Firm, of Eastmam & Perkins. Meals & Groceries. Pillsbury. Geo. II. Sash & Blind Manufacturer A Builder. Piukham, G. II. Clergyman. Priest, .1. B. Boarding Mouse, C. Libby & Co. Pushee. E. P. Engineer for Brown & Co. Putney, Alvin E. Qnimby, A. II. Machinist, C. Libby k Co. Quimby. Wm. K. Merchant. Robinson, Geo. Laborer. S mipson, Jennie E. At Amoskeag Mills Manchester. V ii Sanders, John II. Teamster for L. D. & L. T. Uazen. Snow, D. S. Builder & Sash & Blind Manfr Snow, E. M. Builder of Houes. Stalbird, Aaron, H. Carpenter. Tague, Phill, Chopper for Brown Farmer. Taylor, John T. Thomas, L. Walker, F. Warner, A. I Sm >. th, Lewis F. Blacksmith for L. D. & L. T. Uazen. Smith, 0. P. Carpenter. &, Co. Filer. Stone Worker. Farmer. Blacksmith. P. B. Wells, Isaac, Wentworth, E. Mill Man at Brown's Weston, E. II. Station Agent. Win'. hi, Charles E. Millwright at Brown's Whedon, W. J. Stone Mason. Whitcher, L. D. G. f W. he S. f. WILMOT CENTRE. Brown, Joseph C. Farmer. Clough, Franklin C. Farmer. Farmer. Carpenter. Langley, W. F. Farmer. Messer, P. Farmer. Fisk, Calvin. Goodhen, Seth. Stevens, Aim is. Farmer. Stearns, Minot. Farmer. Thompson, C. H. Farmer. Trussell, Charles. Clergyman. Woodward, Geo. E. Manufacturer. WILMOT FLAT. Jones, Otis, Tanner & Currier. Nelson, Win. G. F'armer. Thompson, Samuel. Withington, Cyrus. Farmer. Farmer. WILTON. Carlton, C.C. Keyes, Geo. D. WOOLEN MILL. . Chase, Thomas. Lawyer. Hardy, Willis F. Clerk. Morey, M. M. Spinner. Morey, W. C. Carder. MISCELLANEOUS. Marshall, Boston. Plummer, Part well, J. m. Merchant. Sheaban, John 11. Shoe Maker. Small M.N. Sawyer at Brown's . Smith, L. \V. Board Sawyer, C. W. Brown & Saw S. John W., Mechanical Engineer, S. B., 55 Elm Street, Boston. ERRATA. The following names were incorrectly printed in the former list. Ford, Daniel, Dover, Ginger Ale and Beer Maufacturer. Longley, Geo. H. Peterboro, Proprietor of Bakery. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. ADDITIONAL, NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS FOR FIFTH ACWORTIL Ainsworth, J. Clergyman. Beryl, Geo. H. Mountain House. Barnard, S. P. Chenev, S. W. Clark, D. Dickey, J. W. Tin lay, B. C. Kingsbury, E. A. Kemp, John 675 D. Morrison, E. R. Teacher. Richardson, J. T. Merchant. Spatildiug, E. Blacksmith. BARNSTEAD. EDITION". Hunt. W. A. Depot Station Agent. Ilamet, Mrs. E. H.irtnet, James Shoemaker. Jones, P. A. Jenney, H. H. Farmer. Johnson, II. C. Saw Miller. Livingston, Colborn Wood Turner. Shoemaker. Lanv;, John S. Lenad, M. M. Needle Maker. Lane, L. & L. Farmers. Madigan, Thomas Shoemaker. Metcalf, Horace F'armer. Mahan, Miss M. M. Moore, H. E. Mechanic. Mayhen, V. S. Shoe Stock Fitter. Putnam, W. D. Shoe Manufacturer. Avery, Walter M. Trader. Babcock, J. 51. Proprietor of Card Mill. W. F'armer. Perry James E. Farmer. Blaisdell, J. P. Shoemaker. Carr, W. 0. Clergyman. Perry, A. Farmer. Perry, Edward R. Farmer. Copp, Reuben Blacksmith. Park's, D. W. Richardson, Jas. Shoe Cutter. Rogers, Charles E. Clergyman. Rockwood, A. P. Boot Cutter. Reed. A. C. Carpenter and Builder. Rust, A. Custom Shoemaker. Sanders. Charles A. Shoe liottonier. II. Farmer. Chesley, W. A. Farmer and Poultry Dealer. Clark, I. H. Shoemaker. Emerson, Timothy Blacksmith. Emerson, Geo. W. Dentist. George, Chas. S. Farmer. Jenkins Charles E. Farmer. Jenkins, John II. Carpenter. Jenkins. W. A. Farmer. Langley, Mrs. T. D. Marshall, I. D. Farmer. Palmer, Frank E. Carpenter. Thyng, Charles E. Farmer. Waldo, John Carpenter. Wheeler, Mrs. Dr. Young, II. P. Carpenter. CHARLESTOWN. Bailey, Eliphalet Farmer. Bailey, Mrs. M. W. Putnam, Ii. Wood Tumor and Rake Thomas Maker. Swau, William Gardener. Spooner, Stephen A. Carpenter and Builder. Harness Maker, Carriage Sparrow, Chas. Trimmer and Upholsterer. Saker, Fred, Tinman. Snow, G. A. Shoemaker. Sanders. C. L. Shoemaker. Sannderson, II. II. Clergyman. Slavin, Smith, Thomas T. Farmer. Tidd, E. II. Taylor, John W. Farmer. Bond, George S. Stoves and Tin ware. Bowman, J. M. Saloon Keeper. Baker, Mrs. H.M. Chapin, W. 0. Farmer. Chubb, A. W. Shoe Cutter. Callahan, Miss M. C. Shoe Stitcher Cobb, Josiah Carpenter and Joiner. Cashing, Edmund L. Attorney at Law. DeNormandie, Eugene Clergyman. Evans, Henry K. Boot Cutter. Easter, II C." Shoemaker. Eusworth, Geo. W. Carpenter and Joiner. Lumber Dealer and Steaui Mill Fish. John S. Livery and Boarding Stable. Vial!, II. B. Williams C. IT. Shoemaker. White, Geo. A. Farmer. Proprietor. Foster, S. C. Finlay, Chas. A. Eagle Hotel. Fletcher, Ellen L. Watchmaker ami Jeweler. Shoe Cutter, and Pattern Goodrich. M. N. Perry, Kittrcdge Draftsman. Hamlin. I). S. Shoe Dealer. Hamlin, Win. Fanner. Hamlin, Geo. W. General Merchant. Hubbard, E. F. Farmer. Whit taker, J. M. Physician. Walker, Cephas Carriage Manufacturer, and Grain Dealer. Willard, L. B. White Washer and Kalsominer. CLAREMONT. Prouty, E. W. Millwright. CONCORD. Drugs and Medicines. C0NT00C00KVILLE. Elliott, Mrs. J. R. Dow, Joseph Farmer. Farmer. Jones, John P. Libbee, Wm. T. Carpenter. I'o-tniaster. Patterson. Joab White, Frauk F'armer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 676 Harness Maker and Car. Hartford, Jas. W. riage Trimmer. Lamos, Horace A. Broprietor of Point Cot- CORNISH. Blood, E. P. Mechanic. Blood, Ed. B. Farmer. Ballock, Wm. Farmer. Buckman, George tage. Metcalf, II. Democrat II. Press. Overseer of Spinning. Manock, David Farmer. O'Neil, W. F. Farmer. Peel, Charles F. Overseer Weave Room. Scales, John Principal of Franklin Academy. Brown, Helen R. Churchill, B. B. Carpenter. Cole, Seth, Capt. Sea Captaiu. Cole, Geo. L. Farmer. Fitch, Lyman Farmer. Foss, Walter H. Farmer. Fogs, A. P. Farmer. Fisher, J. R. Farmer. Second hand Card Room. Twombly, E. II. Register of Deeds. Tasker, John C, & Co. Groceries, Belknap St. Taylor, Edward Farmer. Smith, Albion A. Farmer. Farmer. Towle, Levi Witham, John E. Parmer. Haven, A. L. Mechanic. Johnson, E. C. Farmer. Kenyon, B. C. Farmer. Martindale, Lemuel Sheriff. Bowers, L. Farmer. Bowers. Orlando Wool Dealer. Baget, J. L. Farmer. Bohinson, A. T. Farmer. Spaulding, A. K. Blacksmith. Smith. W. B. Mechanic. Thrasher, B. F. Farmer. Tracy, S. A. Farmer. Walker, M. L. Farmer. White, John Farmer. Walker, Henry W. Farmer. Walker, G. B. Farmer. Wilder, J. J. Farmer. Fit. h, E. B. Shoecutter. Webster, C. E. DUNBARTON. Bailey, Oliver Farmer. Barnard, Samuel Farmer. Clark, A. C. Farmer. Farmer. Clifford, I. P. Holmes, Daniel Farmer. Ireland J. B. Farmer. Lord, John Farmer. Merrill, J. 0. Farmer. Mills, J. C. Farmer. Twist, Page Farmer. DURHAM. Coleman, Mrs. Mahitable. FRANCESTOWN. BERRY. Bixby, Augustus H. Civil Engineer. Dodge, Miss, Julia A. Book-keeper. Fisher, Theron P. Farmer. Adams, Charles Store Keeper. barker, John F. Farmer. Lawyer. Bartlett, G. C. HAMPTON. Crowell, W. II. Shoemaker. Currier. David Banker, Depot. Conch, 0. D. Lumber Mau'fr. and Farmer. Carter, Alba B.Rev. Clark, Leonard Farmer. bustin, J. A. Deputy Sheriff. Brown, Warren Ware, Edwin Evans, James Blacksmith. Humphrey, H. Ii. Farmer. Ha-kins. Rev. It. W. Cong. Leonard, A. G. Merchant. HENNIKER. LANCASTER. Ames, Asa Machinist. Bugbee, Frank Physician. Farmer. Btrotlg, Richard R. Pillslniry. H. Carpenter, East Derry. ttpton, C. P. Underbill, Ii. Brooks, C. C. Farmer. Corning, B. H. Prop' of Lancaster House. Cobleigh, E. V. Stoves' Tin, Copper & Agent for Fairbank's Scales. Colby, Joseph Cooper. Drew, Irving W. Lawyer. Guernsey, Aaron Farmer. Hartford, M. E. Carpenter. Holton, H. P. I. Farmer. Hunt, Win. P. Laborer. Hartford. W. A. Tanning & Carding. Hart lord, George A. Farmer. Hopkins, J. M. Prop, of Williams House. Heywood, William Lawyer. Kent & Griswold, Dry Goods, Clothing and Postmaster. Reed Maker Edge Tool Maker. R. DORCHESTER. Biimham, Nathaniel. Farmer. Farmer. Bilrpee, Mar-hall Cheever, Samuel Parmer. Fiit-., John M. Merchant. Btreeter, \,. It, Parmer. Reed Hiram Farmer. DOVER. Drdmi F its. mi. id Tailoring. Overseer Card Room. Proprietor of Circus. lachman. Bracket, John H. dishing. Joseph Jame llei yman. Book-Keeper, I James M. \ Color Mak'-r, Cocheco Print Gtrlme, William Works. Haw. nth. John Machine Printer. 'Hidden. Charles A. Shoe Cutter. i* isar, B. H. fc Son, Manufacturers Beav) ii i i ii.niaisous. Farmer. Colby, Rachael, Mrs. Seavey, David Contoakville. Boor, W. W. Miller. Reed, Orison Blacksmith. Sargent, C. II. Farmer. Parker, Franklin Farmer HANCOCK. Kent, Edward R. Merchant. McGibnee, James Clerk. Mitchell, Ezra Physician. Monehan, .lames Blacksmith. Moody, (I. w. File Manufacturer. Morse, Charles E. Fanner. Nutter, Charles A. Stationery & Gen'l Merchandise. Olcott, of I'.. T. Dentist. Porter Brothers, chandise. Dry Goods & Gen'l Mer- �NAMES OP SUBSCRIBERS. Rhodes, Freedom M. Lawyer. Reed. J. C. Millwright. Rhodes, Tener M. Farmer & Starch Man'fr. Richardson, Nathaniel II. Furniture, Paper Hangings, Coffins & Caskets. Smith, Frank & Co. Flour, Corn & Feed Store. Twitchell, Hiram Boarding House. Thompson, A. Machinist. White, Wm. A Agent. Whitcorab, Col. Horace & Son, Harness Makers. Weeks, James M. Jr. Starch Manufacturer. Woodward, J. H. Farmer. Costello, 677 Mike Mill Man. Dickon, Thomas Jobber. Dexter, L. Sawyer. Eames, John Farmer. Fisk, Wm. Farmer. Gotham, Asa H. Farmer. Hatch, Asa Farmer. Howe, R. S. J. Farmer. Hanaford, J. R. Farmer. Henson, Charles Laborer. Hutson, Thomas Laborer. Butter, J. V. Putman. Charles Hanks, B. N. Laborer. Hutson, Edward Farmer. Hayes, Wm. Baggage Mister. Proprietor Hall House. Hanson, Mrs. Sybil Jones. James B. Boarding House. Knight, Edwin Sawyer. Wheeler, John Lucas, LEMPSTER. I LONDONDERRY. Annis, Daniel G. Farmer, North Londonderry P. 0. Boyce, Geo. W. Farmer, N. Londonderry P.O " " " " Boyce, Samuel " " " " Boys, Walter " " " " Corning, S. R. Clark, Freemont Pump Manufacturer. Clark, Win. Farmer. Ela, Edward P. " Derry Depot P. 0. " " " Hardy, Aaron P. " Hartshorn, Geo. R. Farmer. Derry Depot P.O. " Holmes, Mathew North Londonderry P. 0, " Mc. Allester, .Tona. " Mack, Robert C. Derry P. 0. Mc Gregor, Alexander " *' " Depot Morse, A. J. P.O. " N. Londonderry " N. Londonderry " Pettengill, J. P.O. Perkins, Washington Farmer. Rotary Filler Sawyer. Merriam, Miss Abbie B. Teacher. Moore, D. S. Foreman Tanner. McFarland, Charles Farmer. McFarland, Cester Martin, Charles N. McMann, Wm. Planing. Morffet, John D. Jobber. Gardner. Pike, Mrs. C. T. Pool, Mrs. S. C. Rickey, Horace H. Farmer. Richardson, F. F. Mechanic. Sargent, J. H. Planing and Saw Mill. Sheridan, Dommick Job Teaming. Spredbury, Charles C. Mason. Spredbury, Wm. Farmer. John Farmer. Tookey, P. J. Hotel Keeper. Willson, David Stone Cutter. Wood, Franklin E. Farmer. Whitney, J. T. W. Farmer. Young, Antipas House Carpenter. Toll ens. N. Londonderry P.O. Plummer, Nathan Hiram Carpenter. Montgommery, Geo. W. Lath Sawyer. Mc'Intire Henry Farmer. McKelleps, Geo. M. Foreman Tool's Mill. PELHAM P.O. Richardson, Wm. Londonderry Lumber Dealer, P. P. 0. North Peabody, J. W. Farmer. " N. Londonderry P. Nesmith, J. Y. Smith, Daniel D. Blacksmith, N. Londonderry P.O. Watts, Chas. H. Farmer, N. Londonderry P. 0. " " '• Watts. C. M. " " Watherbey, John H. " " " " " Webster, Amos C. Londonderry Depot Young. Charles E. " P. Young, 0. " J. P. N. Londonderry P. 0. MADBURY. Jenkins, Jonathan Farmer. & L. R. R. <fe C. NORTHUMBERLAND. John M. Laborer. Brown, R. J. Student. Blake, Mrs. Mary J. Farmer. Civil Engineer and Buckman, Edward F. Land Surveyor. Astle, PLAINFIELD. Austin, George W. Farmer. Buckman, Henry Bailey, L. L. " J. Upholstery. Bryant, Henry Dunkley, C. H. Farmer. " Eastman, Ora V. Farnham, Buzzell " " French, A. W. Freeman, Will W. " Hall, Will Merchant. Student. Lewin, B. F. Butcher. Monlton, Fred Poultry Dealer. Newton, John Stone Mason. Porter, Jabez Farmer. Pickernel, Charles " NEWPORT. Freight Conductor on C. Burt, 0. G. R. R. Royce, Philip Merchant. Pastor Free Will Baptist Church. Roney, John Granite Worker. Young, Edward Farmer and Stone Cutter. [abbey, E. D. MANCHESTER. Colburn, A. L. Scale Business. Doolittle, J. S. Conductor M. Foss, Rev. Tobias Sanderson, L. Stone Mason. Btickney, II. II. Carpenter & Farmer. Sticknev, II. Farmer. Smith, E. II. Clergyman. (Wat.) Spauldlng, L. D. Farmer. Stroug, S. C. Mechanic. Watson. Mary A. Westgate, E. \V. Butcher & Farmer. RAYMOND. Browne, J. F. Gunsmith. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 678 Manson, B. S. Clergyman. Moiilton, George M. Farmer. Cabinet. Poor, J. L. KI'MXEY. Teacher. Farnsworth. Belle C. George, Thomas, Mrs. Farmer. Preston, Clinton F. SALEM. Abbott, N. G. Shoe Shop. Abbott. 8. K. Reporter for Essex Eagle. Adams, George M. Parmer. Armor, Albert L. Proprietor of Salem House. Kimball, S. H. Farmer. Kroyd, Samuel A. Jack Spinner. Long, Mrs. Martha Lord. David Farmer. Lowell, Mrs. Lizzie Milliner and Dress-Maker. Farmer. Merrill, Daniel Mirick, Mrs. Hattie N. Weaver. Mirick, Miss Florence A. Weaver. Harness Manufacturer. Parrish, T. D. Palmer, Joseph P. Shoe Shop. Page, A. M. Meat Market. Paul. George M. Farmer. Pat Mary tin-. Mis.-, Pendergast, Daniel Supt. North Shoddy Mill. Peabody, E. A. Contractor and Builder. Austin, Mrs. Abb] B Aver, Win. 1!. Carpenter. Poole, Sirs. It. F. Prescott, A. J. Farmer. Shoe Manufacturer. Bailey, Loren E. Carpenter. Parmer. Ballad, Jonathan A. Reynolds, John F. Richards, L. P. E. Real Estate Broker. Robinson, B. A. Billiard Saloon. Ayer, J. i Carriage Painter. Pastor Congregational C. A. . Rockwood, William - Bodwell, Mrs. Bowser, Rev. Samuel L. Carpenter. Bradford, Joseph 1J. Farmer & Shoemaker. Brad lord, Jesse W. Parmer. Burns. J. W. Shoe Manufacturer. Buxton, Joseph Shoe Factory. Butler, James J. Farmer. Carey, Joel C. Merchant. Clark, Alburton W. Stone Cutter. Clotlgh, .1. Fanner. l>. Parmer. fluff J. W. Parmer. Cluff, Levi Clutf, Josiah Q. Old Cluff. B.C. Colby, Fred Colby, Wm. Line Market. <'• .Mrs. A. II. ' John Corliss, Parmer, D. tone Cutter. Crowell, Win. G. Parmer. Dorr, Rev. Henry Clergyman. John Machinist. Duston, Mrs. Abbie M. Weaver. . Duston Kllingwood, J. N. Carpenter. Emerson, Robert Parmer. Swings, Clinton Pai Henry - Painter. Fellows Theodore W. Parmer. Farmer. Foster, Ez< kiel, II I. Manufai turer. Foster, in i Carpenter. i ! . Woodbury, Bhop. I'. i, Parmer A. F. Silv.-r. C. L. Shoe Shop. Smith, Charles Painter. Smith, J V. Farmer ami Insurance Agent. Smith. W. M. Designer and Engraver. Smith. Win. W. Shoe Shop. Staunton. Wiliiam Farmer. Blacksmith. Stott, William B. Stuart. Rev. Wm. H. Pastor M. E. Church, Taylor Richard Lumber Dealer and Farmer. Taylor,M. N. Manufacturer. Taylor, L.W. Merch int. Taylor, Win. Lumber Dealer and Farmer. horn, D. M. Fai mer. Thorn, Isaac Fanner, Farmer. Tilton, Joseph M. Villain. Orrin E. Farmer. Webster, T. C. Farmer. Webster, G. II. Painter and Grainer. Webster, Amos N. Farmer, Webster, Joseph Shoe Manufacturer. Wilier, .b.hn Stone Cutter and Farmer. Welch, Joseph M. Merchant. w heeler, J. It. Shoe Manufacturer. Fanner. W ler, John A. Whittemore, Rev. Elisha J. Pastor Baptist Church. Wilson, A. G. Farmer. Woo James Engraver. Woodbury, George Public Boarding House. 'I Mason. Carder and Spinner. W. Boss, E. Rowel I, W. Church. Brown. James Goodhue, Mr-. Laura J. Teacher. Goodwin, Eugene A. Carpenter. f in, Mi - Mary J. Goodwin, Milton Mechanic. Rev. .1. A. Pastor M. E. Church. • Israel ii .no 1 '. 1 Woodbury, Mrs. Hall, i Hall, Ezra B. Farmer. Harris, Harvey Pai out. moo'. Shoemaker. Hihlreth, J. 0. 1 Humphry, Benjamin Farmer. T. Hunt, Horace W Parmer. Hutchins, Wai ren Farmer. Jennings, Samuel P. Shoemaker. turer. : I . Kelly, Oilman D, Kelly, Charles 0. mon C. Kimball, Mrs. Kimball. Cbarles Kimball, Mrs. N. I at Shoemaker. R. Mason. Parmer, II. Farmer. W Ibury, Rev 0. G. Clergyman. York, Mrs. Eliza. i \ , Isaiah STODDARD. - Hawk Farmer. Rowell.Mrs. M. M. Merchant. Dow diver I.. Farmer Silas Dinsm Parmer. Dai i-. Oilman W. Merchant. i Farmer. Esty, Solon Mel, ure, Isabel le Post Mistress. i' ictor, Hosea Parmer and Produce Dealer, Richardson, leorge Farmer. Fanner. Stacy, Oilman Farmer. Shoultes, William II. Fanner. ittemore, Joel F. Wei,),, li. N. Hotel Keeper. ' Wh Shi \\ a i:\f.k. Farmer. L. Hardy, E. R. Foreman of Section �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. WARREN. Colton, D. B. Farmer. Hardy, E. R. Foreman of Section. Whitcher, Adouiron Butcher. WASHINGTON. Mentzer, Walter C. Lovewell House, WEBSTER. Burbank, F. L. Lumber Dealer. » " Bnrbank, W. W. Buxton, Rev. Edward Clergyman. Colby, James L. Farmer. Courser, Thomas J. " Couch. Miss Nancy E. Duncklee, Calvin, T. Elliott, Miss Priscilla A. Teacher. Flanders, John A. Farmer and Carpenter. Q lime, Charles F. II. Farmer. George A. " .Imes, Charles A. " " " Iloit, Holmes, Wi ud M. Little, Caleb P. Pearson, J. C. Tiltoii, Mrs. Julia A. Oilman, Mary B. m. Carpenter and Joiner. Qoodell, Frank Farmer. Kimball, Mis. II. M. Moore, W. H. Esq. Farmer. Merrill, Chas. M. Carpenter. Philbrick, A. S. Farmer. Plnmmer, Geo. Farmer. Page, A. Tinsmith, Dealer in Stoves and Hollow-ware. Smart, .lames Farmer. Stanyan, Newell Merchant. Simpson, John M. Smith, S. II. Mechanic. Smith, David Farmer. \\ Tenney, Edward G. Teacher. White, Mrs. Charlotte j). Whitniore, John, M. D. Whitcher, L. P. Farmer. Wells, Henry P. Farmer. Hutchinson, Charles Tiirill, James WENTWORTH. Blodgott, Jeremiah Esq. Blood, II. C. Carpenter. WILMOT. Johnston, Green Woolen Manufacturer. LAWRENCE, MASS. Machinist, with A. Messer, John A. Depot Master at Messer's. LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS. Brown, W. A. Coll. urn, Jas. Farmer. Currier, S. G. Esq. Durkey, F. A. Esq. M. D. Downing, J. L. Esq. Farmer. Elliott, J. F. Brown. Farmer. Carpenter. B. Boyd, F. 0. Davis, J. a. Davis, W. II. Teacher, QilmanJEnoch Mrs. Gove, WEST STEWARTSTOWN. Farmer's wife. Brown, W. W. Boardman, Eldri.lge Esq. L. & W. G. Brown. 679 Fletcher, T. M. Purveyor of Lumber. Foster, John Farmer. Merchant. Merchant. Teamster, with A. L. & W. G. • Eaton, Franklin, Eaton, Davis & Co., Mer- chants. Hon. Moses H. Eastman, Judge of the Courts METHUEN, MASS. Copp, M. G. House Carpenter. Emerson, Jacob Cashier of Bank. F.sher, Albert V. Trader's Clerk. Fulton, James Farmer. Gordon, J. Haskell Provision Dealer BETHLEHEM. Bian.lin, J. S. Bunker, C. E. Postmaster. Proprietor Mt. Agassiz House. Bunker, William G. " " Bethlehem " " Bean, Wilson H. Sunset Blandin, A. W. Farmer. Durgin, J. A. Sinclair House. Gallaher, Hugh. Farmer. Gordon, Dan. P. Farmer. Hatch, Alpha. Farmer. Hildreth, T. T. Boots, Shoes and Groceries. McGregory, W. A. Lumber and Starch M'f'r. " " Kidder, James M. Quimby, I. J. Justice of Peace, and Notary Plummor, Joseph. Proprietor Cottage Boarding House. Richardson, I. E. Farmer and Lumber Deal'r Spooner, B. C. Proprietor of Stage Line from Bethlehem to Littleton. Turner, J. N. Proprietor Turner House. Wildor, H. W. Proprietor Maple Cottage and L. M. Mrs. Farwell, J. L. Bradbury, Albert. Mechanic and Sawyer. Bui lard, James. Insurance Agent. Balcom, George L. Woolen Manufacturer. Belknap, Darius. Overseer Weave Room. Clark, William. Flour and Grain. Millinery Goods. Uermon. Attorney at Law. Harris, Thomas J. Insurance Agent. Ib.lt. Haul. rich, F. Clothing, Hats, etc. Hunter. Lewis M. Cloth Dresser. Benj. F. Propr. Junction House. Jewett, J. W. W. I. G Is and Groceries. I. one. Charles II. Station Agent. Ormsby, II. II. Diuing Rooms. Parks, C. E. Proutv, E. W. Millwright. Hemenway, Redfield, S. F. Merchant Richardson, Clareraont File Works. Flour and Groceries. II. Tailor. S. Jr. i '. Stowell, G. H. Hardware Ac. Stockwell, George T. Carpenter. Straw. O. C. Spinner. Walker, J. S. Clergyman. Vanghan, Edwin. U.S. Consul, Coaticook, P.Q. Webb, Hiram. Supt. Sullivan Mill. Sullivan, C. 0. Livery Stable. CLAREMONT. Clerk. Teacher. S. C. Dow, 8, Public. Town Pelham,C. Sanborn, CONCORD. Hazelton, James. Millinery. PITTSFIELD. Bachelder, J. M. Jeweller. Coburn, J. M. Clergyman. Drake, S. J. Farmer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. 680 Emery, N. W. Merchant. French, K. W. Farmer. Foss, G. W. Farmer. Hill. s. I. . Hill. J. T. Dentist. Merchant. Lane, I!. 0. Farmer. Ring, S. F. Farmer. King, S. S. Farmer. STRATFORD. Aiken, II. Engineer. Atherton, Miss Mary A. Alger, .1. B. Merchant. Blodgett, Win. H. Farmer. Brown, Branch, Farmer. Brown, S. F. Fanner. Brown, S. F. Farmer. Brown, Wellington. Farmer. Blodgett, F. A. Farmer. Blodgett, Charles D. Farmer. Bennett, Oliver, Farmer. Buhlwin, J. M. Farmer. Brown, George A. Farmer. Blodgett, A. S. Teamster. Bean, Gh II. Farmer. Booth, Henry A. Laborer. l; iss, 1.. I>. Farmer. Boyle, John 0. G. T. R. R. Employee. Baldwin, W. L. Lumberman. Baldwin. E, A. Milwn'ght. Boyle, Dennis, Lumberman. Corliss, Win. Farmer. P. Farmer. Curtis, E. W. Farmer. Clark. Thomas H. Sawyer. Dowd, Michael, Farmer. Dunn, Joseph, Farmer. Day, Samuel A. Farmer. Dimick. Henry, G. T. R. R. Employee. Douglass, William, Farmer. Drew, B. F. Farmer. English, Mrs. E. J. Flinii. Franklin, Jobber. Conery, Simon Fuller, Mrs. C. C. Fay, Win. Laborer. Gould, Ira I,. Farmer. Qambsby, Russell, F'armer. Hapgood, Richard F. Farmer. Hartshorn, George C. Farmer. Howell, Wm. G. T. R. R. Employee. Hinman, U. B. Hotel-Keeper. Johnson, Timothy B. Board Sawyer. Johnson, M. D. Land Surveyor. Jorden, Abel, Farmer. Kenney, Fred L. Joiner and Board Surveyor. Kingsley, A. Jobber. Laflure, Lewis, Laborer. Laroche, Jerry, Blacksmith. McMay, Charles, Farmer. Horse, Edward, Blacksmith. Martin, John J. Farmer. Marshall, Melvin, Merchant. Marguire, Miss Ellen, Marden. Mrs. R. B. Norcott, C. F. Carriage Maker. Ockinglon, H. A. Mechanic. Ockington, B. B. Mechanic. Parnell. Peter, Farmer. Stone, Miss Ellsie, Scruton, Wm. H. G. Tr. Agent. Silver, E. M. Sawyer. Stride, Alfred R. Farmer. Spiller, G. D. Farmer. Stone, John G. Farmer. Wright, J. V. Mechanic. Watters, C. D. Mechanic CONCORD. Plummer, Mrs. Alice E. NEWBURY. Bailey, Mary J. Housewife. Blodgett, Isaac F. Blacksmith. Brock way, V. C. Station Agent: Clark, Asa B. Farmer. Collins, L. A. Housewife. Foster, Silas E. Section Hand. Fowler, John W. Mechanic. George, Darius H. Farmer. Gillingham J. King, Farmer. Gillinghain, J. L. Farmer. Gove, Warren C. Farmer. Johnson, N. S. Mt. Sunapee House. Marshall, Jesse, Farmer. Morse, Jeremiah, Postmaster. Morse, S. A. Farmer. Muzzey, Wm. W. Carpenter and Mason. Muzzey, Samuel 2d, Farmer. Muzzev, John, Farmer. Pike, S. K. Merchant. Ring, E. C. Farmer. Thomson, S. B. Farmer. �NAMES OF SUBSCRIBERS. PERRY. Palmer, Engineer. Alexander, Alvah. Farmer and Provision Aldxich, C. E. Merchant. 1*. J. 695 Plummer, Alley, LondondeiTy. Farmer and Mail Carrier. Priest James. Station A Richai'ds, reorge. Blacksmith. ( \ rus. Fanner. Robie, T. R. Blacksmith. . Dealer. < Burbank, John S. Railroading. Crombie, James BE. Physician. Choate, Charles. Farmer. . . Clyde, Ch rl • Edward Emerson, A. Farron, W. 1'., '>. Londonderry. W. Farmer. Painti Farmer. r. John, Londonderry. Carpenter. \V. Farmer. Hemphill, Joseph. Fanner. W. If. Fa Klein, Joseph, Fruit Grower. Lane, !ol. reorg W. Farmer. Gilchrist, Head, George . ' I I>r. ssmal Shute, Mrs. E. G. Shute, George. Farmer. Mrs. Mary. Walker, Mosi a A. Blacksmith. r, Nathaniel. Farmer. armer. . Wheeler, Thaddeus. Fanner. White, W. !>. Me reliant .m:i! Lumberman. Wilson, Samuel. Pi ach Grower. Woolley, John D. Farmer. < Low, A. li Low, John Lewi--., S. P. ..i.e. Prop'r Sanders's Hotel. Sn,',!. p. D. Lumber Business. ach Grower. Corwin, J. F. T. Milk Dealer. Dana, .Mrs. Nelli A. Ela, M iss Sargent, Farmer. i. Farmer. Robert. ".Irs. II. Clough, L.\ . Farm !I. Homer Teacher. Mack, Miss L.C. Dr ^ssmaker. MacGregor, D. Merchant. M( den, Robert. Farmi r. Merriam, Mai shall. Farmer. Shoe Business. Messer, Geor Montgom IIII.!.. Fruit Grower. P. h. Fanner. Morrison, John B. Shoemaker. Nowell, Samui 1. Fanner. Novell, James. Farmer. M. F. Labo Sumner. George R. Carriage Maker. Little, Rowell, J. R. Travelling Optician. Southworth, M. E. Far A. F. Morrill. " Trumbull, D. Boswell, T. W ('. Lumber Iward, F. R. 1 Novelty Manufacturer and Dealer. Quimby, A. II. Farmer. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Statistics & Gazetteer of New Hampshire 1874 Description An account of the resource The Statistics & Gazetteer of New Hampshire contains descriptions of all the counties and towns in New Hampshire from the period. It also describes principal features such as mountains, lakes, rivers, capes, bays, harbors, islands, and resorts or notable places. Notable business and persons are also described. It also contains 100 pages of statistical tables. Information on Farmington, NH is located on pages 156-157. This is a digital file and does not exist in the physical collection. RKL-FHS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Compiled by Alonzo J Fogg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available D.L. Guernsey, Bookseller and Publisher, Concord NH, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1870's Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1874 Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 1874 business Farmington NH information New Hampshire people places records Strafford County https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/2f5c3bf1e84e4987d869a75be02ef12b.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=UWmUFxOr5UHvXHw1xch4JgQMGlmP3x1m11Yiqefro278NYi-ImcZxY6qZMG6jzfVS4EUhN%7EcP7eKS0PpeIrzMTjp5lpZ-9KjZsHoCL36wGvtlcWwiJ1bibOfJpnuoshj32saUnKz2qLmlwHNuKaLRAcv4J0%7EJSF%7EHd%7EC8tFenVYBaDRE-I12nmk%7EdIJJz1WTX4GRUVC3yKzuQHMjrWZJ1dVGiOHGyr01j%7Er9nc2exoGHMZVt10CYDU3rVBq6tWNgS-X1j5oUXmzaKLOm4dqcFmmLl-K0PADH27l9SUZUf9cW2RFKqhDlAZTIeNaxTGNg4i3dzY5M2T%7ECGB5mWJviAQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM e7ade28e8951ab4b2f52561930718895 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/3f5ee842b28dc3485d5d524ec4a53d5b.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=bT4QEVOpgHXrPppt0grgBmtfCOZKCWx0umuD3KSgCv-vcV6cWT9tgxu0RXaSE0ab4qEBTOsgjeJVz5s3pTUvZ3aNOjehIGmTtd-CXbjOp11lR01O-70BRObiwrxhO71kvNoeYZeC778Y2TFNNYcbckuH1l91ou1rXSANhC0DGD6UJSQaiLgC0mcL9iCI6Q3pkIlVW%7Ef-8NeKRIaH8koc8K%7EUGVVL6JGfSicq5XCWMiE2ycIk3-Ye18RzGYQXSwC1L8aK1bJyX0KYn2NkIAVjPRIusKGiu7NI94JBP%7ElOuVsXRsGtH0Y3T0WKLqQXhwNl0VgrO0OQZxAll8o5wFL0tA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 1acbdb981c9fba34b50329bc90d3fe81 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/5ba8c3d945f7782ff9cbc6ad23e8aa7e.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=vEf%7EKSAdDOGpsGj-VeYYQo5FdtGHYydX27gFSbLk%7E6vIWsKmoagJ3Jlz5nnqmIxTKz9-SzAcN15nXam9oUleVro5lgXIzOSgXXKcFQgevVjCYPZgeiZTlnr70R9u7qZ87ZIeCczd61zpoZXShFXWc3Gqsk-8PjHwHv9j-ho1pClCicINvZ8lI%7EyqaaGAPjikwAI7cGAYaSJKxK8Dbw%7Em3AS6ZNbij86rbR7lX58nLUeR14MuVXv43iTHnA0mYrax0t2xPDvBxILAupsm6AHE9ladLXjDJK6ibpwdorBoejfOQbDKpIhtMBNd1kqBrgk%7ElmexEwy0Zn-rmRnGNECTyg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f7e819fd134de4af23af9adcfdad02a1 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/32b6809bcf8205d7dfbd5195da6aa015.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=umbhbyN1pKBduFClFoPhH0nkmzWtHWdPW3paDgRpsZFSSmlX9xdA-SS1FQUR-qw2VYMefB4oqWgFDO1XT0Tut7nu0R19eryD7w6D5PrfwfUnhXGYs9-sQJXLGfTnaUSzrYudgNAPIoU7SmECy6QIdjFDOI7AD72KXtPx%7EWFljn9UCGoGTOARdw-JxXouQz4ba5-Ulw7inB0rQgB82Qn-dw6Rxj7RyVubQckJrujj6PqKRQcqDbp4IaltRLG6OZduQiByeJwXHkaqOwk5WiaIUB0eYspxJpnqkmS7hdwxWzTfh9clHyGiMSZSxz9xmlxnuTDNbtsAfx4rF5Mb0irfwA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 76bac467fb47feac2f84535d061adbe9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries Object Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The NH Register 1929-1930 Description An account of the resource A copy of The NH Register covering 1929-1930. Information for Farmington can be found on pages 162-164. This book has not been digitized. To view the book you will need to make an appointment to visit the museum. FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Record Press, Rochester, NH Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Record Press, Rochester, NH Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by the Goodwin Library July 2018 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1929-1930 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/8ea7a14984246d5ea0a3280368649c81.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=j3jH4d-rEG7lzWhGWzoihh6M490Wc1x8yrTrTnI0RqLgIZmUejErMxOB3OoMyNkSjbSoDRwn6qdSaTtIj-QV9q8F8uv3YAc-YEkcrU0H1s27Q97wWMQfbpAaL74HBgKqyqVDp6iDWvBtyteM7JGhowBejG9xnKvdF99nYOpjOfRnnoVeYFZSImYuAN5EgTkZ2n47YaFAdSfLXi%7Ey8FceJmWzejNVjzrheaL1l58h-0X8xigV3csJvlCkVmh8H6tAMSCSXZKE-QvjF1Cr55OU9cP-Pn0jRcmO0F6AlJUELC09mIrsUqknnemCs8UkyW6dWBJ853YwLRiNsMFVU1sVEw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 025eb2418b442aadbcb2021dea2ba1c2 PDF Text Text BASE B A L I pJWiT FODWT Off E V E a y BEB88IK!?|jfc play , but please remember that these were tbe "good old times" of our an. Traveler's Conception «f I t — M y O n l r "Well,tho Great Aot is finally consaaT •> CloutmarjS gaiters end the High n cor ^-BTdrauUs ! cestors Still, men divided into two School nine crossed bats for the, third Tth a Hdss*rS tBa u s mEffiMts—Approach t a at a d mated, and we have that darling little I * i r he On flrtil»ac^^'|i^*^terjf^.f ^'Sui- fountain right on tho square in every THE FIRST ( H L K C H ' parties, as were these two old FarmingC l t r toy t h « q o W r o G a t e s . sun bay, onraHteht^^&'^'tvbn't'a, at I have alluded so many times in ray ton worthies, do to-day as strange acts, time Saturdaj.and the gam* turned out Never does t h e wanderer come ta a tracted to the peculiar%qppery color of body's way "It's pretty," one says. sketches to the old church on Meeting- particularly when anything i s being in favor of the latter The lastefs were compelled to make some changes, but full realization o f t h e sense of t h e above the water, and on inquiring we were Yes, quite pretty and ornamental, and FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 15,1888 Louse hill, that I feel as if I could not agitated for the public good. the changes strengthened them. They caption until, after a sojourn o f more o r told it was caused by the "sliggings" very much in keeping with numerous complete the series, which I am soon to South. Farmmgton, o r the borough other ornamental structures that we ttr O B . B a a s e t t o f A l t o n Is a o a n U i o r U e d l do, without giving a little history of it, folks, a s my grandfather denominated won the toss and took the field, and at less duration amid scenes and customs resulting from hydraulic mining back in have. It also has a dandy lamp on top l o r tho P A B S O I I O T U V N E W S ID Alton. A l t o n not to benofit the elderly people who the early residents there, won the day just three o'clock and five minutes that arc fbreign to the old borne asso the mountains. It stems almost incred that is, likewise, very pretty and desir a n d vicinity, and b a s J n e u pertainlDg t o s u b s c r i b t l o n a , e t c . can be transacted t h r o o g n him a a w e l l know its history well, but for the in the great fight over the old meeting White faced the great left-handed ciations, he begins to gather himself to ible, but it said to be a fact neverthe able. Tho water, you know, •will taste aa at Psnnlogtun Mr. B a a i c U wlU a l t o reo I t r m a for publtcatlon, a d v e r t i s e m e n t s , e t c younger portion of the community who, house lot, yet how thev did it I am twirler and tbe game began. White gether preparatory to setting his face less that such has been tbe volume and so much better because of it, and then ere long, will take their places, and who again unable to tell you, hut tbo great opened with a base hit and stole sec towards borne once more. Then, if amount of debris washed out and down the square will be so nicely lighted. It ALTON. ought to know something about the heavy frame was hauled up the steep ond ; Haynes struck out, and White ever, does the fact dawn upon him that from the mountains into the rivers and (the square) is of such immense^'extent At valleys by tho hydraulic mining process, dear old meeting house in which O T hill tn tbe day time, and a second time advanced to third on Barker's out. A "There's no place like home." U that Jt has become an absoTuto'neccssity Rev Mr Borcbers will supply again fathers first worshipped. It would be deposited on the lot first chosen Very Card w i u * the next man to bat. He hit timet* the swiftly-moving train seems that where a few years since the Sacra to havo a lamp in the oxact^gcogr^phi- • next Sabbath, at llio Congregational very interesting if I could give many s o o n after this tbe church frame was for a base, but w a s out trying to steal literally to drag its weary length serous mento river was navigable for large cal center. Tho one for away;-on. the ,' Oburcb. second. For tbe Iasters, Parwell the boundless waste and groaningly as "Aunt Juda" Clough, aged 90 years, important historical facts which I shall raised, which called together all the pounded the air three times and sat cend tb^ehorp divides to crawl, seem craft to and above the city of Sacra eastern extremity, near R. "K-'J^earl's, mento, to-day small boats can with (distant all of 20 feet) is entdrelyvinadebe obliged to omit, simply for the rea townspeople, both men and women, and died a few days ago at the residence of down; Connor bit to shoit and was son that I do not possess them a great and happy event it .proved to be, thrown out—A. Card to Tibbetts, and ingly, a t a snail's pace down the oppo difficulty ascend the stream, and the quate for tho procession; A blind'man J iad Oilman » site slope. And then tho endless waits same may also be said of the San Joa Two miles below the ancient Dock savo for one o c t u r r e n c i Come and see those elegant gent's at some "no-nothing" station , appar quin. To such an alarming extent was couldn't see to get round the'corner un ™" y "nick out. ,„ , luitings at Bossed s, < ustom and ready- rose that high elevation of land now at work upon the frame, named Mender Tibbetts ,and Parker ently as long again as when en route the injury caused by the filling up of less we have that lamp- hoisted-up light To be ••I.emmy. I think the people called, , ^ made, and fit guaranteed Nice suits known as Meeting house hill Marston's out, the scanty meals, inefficient service, the rivers and the sedimentary deposit house fashion on the square. Another beautiful feature of the affair from 88 !o 81 J . and we back up all we sure there were loftier hills in Farming him he was the father uf Elder | ,|.ird strike and the batter g< to first, poor hotels, and in fact a general dis over the once fertile valleys, resulting got ton. hut I have thought at various times Mcader), fell from the eaves, receiving is the ease and facility with which the say in my lung life that I did not care to tn serious injuries, and m) grandfather, stole second and came in on a wild position to find fault all round are facts from the annual high water, that the poor, patient ox is to slake his thirst Mrs Andrew P Oilman, a widow, throw , Burrows struck out. Roberts, that may be set down to the credit, or aged 8 0 ysars. took her first ride on the a steeper ascent, particularly when who was present on that momentous the great left fielder of the Iasters, was discredit of the returning* traveler from agricultural interests of the state rose in some of these hot, August days. The rebellion, some years since, and young and decked out in my best Sun day, has related that he was taken up cars. Memorial day, from Alton Bay to hit and took his base, stole second.went a long journey Many of these com manded a cessation of this method of fountain will be a little high, and the Alton, to attend the services of the day rig, with a pair of new shoes on my fur dead, also, that he held a broad-ax . ,"",j"7Hi . "."' L T '. ' u -TL plaints may be, and my own observa mining, and after a hotly-contested poor fellow will have to reach for all he feet, though it was the rare exception day , , , . , . , . . t o third on Marstoo s low throw, which tion and experience leads me to think legul fight a law was passed prohibiting is worth, and then he won't get any ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ thing unless ho is put in :a sling the Mr and Mr (Jeorge Train, of Hill and not the rule that I walked to church in hi, hand ,n his decent r » I h e l , ^ of a Sunday, since I usually accompanied frame to the ground But after a long, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ that they are tn a greater or less degree further mining by the hydraulic process. same as for Shoeing, and' hoisted up. side cottage, has received many orders long time he , fully recovered, and.ubut " i Hayes wore striking out. Cook got imaginative and uncalled for. u „ . * « . « , It is said to have been a great blow to As but one under the yoke carl get at my grandparents on such interesting , ., , little incident. everything l ., , for summer board, and a few guests are fortius sad, T U . \ .? u _ The fact of the caae is the traveler is the mining industry in many sections of , . ' ° to . already enjoving the comforts of Hill occasions, who invariably rode tu meet went on gloriously harmon) having,,. third. Tbe next, batter was Henry homeward bound , be is surfeited almost tbe state, and that many otherwise val the water at a time, of course the other, . , J i between the two liurlies. Ii Uunlap Fletcher, who was satisfied,. with i , ing there And it was this somewhat , side. been restored , . . Henry new to second and, to the bursting point with sight-seeing uable mines are now practically worth, half dead with thirst mayhap, will stand „ _ . , i II patiently (?) by while his mate is hav As, usual, un such occasions, a dedlca, _ " . V,. , Moses Twombly has launched his steep hill that caused a great d.eal of . ., . discussion amount? tbe wise old heads fon hymn was lead, the author stand- | came borne on Dixon s two-bagger Bah ! The very mention of tbe word in less until some new method is devised ing all the fun. In fact, you farmer f steam yacht, which sets i n tbe water a drawing-room car of a returning ex whereby tbey may be again operated. who first thought to erect a house of ing on tho ridge pole uf the building., boys, with the sad-eyed ox, will, like like a duck All who want to make cursion party as it draws near its ter It is wonderful indeed to note the pleasure tnps will find this boat first worship in Karmiagtun. immediately af but poet and poetry are buned in The school boys went out in one, two, mination is almost enough to lift its extent to which this method was for the Pharisee of old, have to "pass by ter the incorporation of the town oblivion two lines only uf the hymn on the other side" and leave our beau class. I beg my readers to remember that having luckily come down to us b) ira- , three order in tbe third, while Connor monitor top in disgust. What tbe tired merly practiced Coming through the The Mt Washington made her trial I added one for the lusters on his bit, s traveler most desires is a sight of home Rockies, we saw a little of tbe devasta tiful fountain in peace It's not intend ed for such as you, and as you don't trip for the season Tuesday, and will this, toe first church, was something in ditlun That poet had a nitty brain, ' steal, a passed ball and Parker's muff and home friends, together with a good tion w h i c h it has caused, together with commence to make her regular tnps which the people of the whole town was since he said of Cook's fly, Kelley Roberts and Davis square meal of honest New England miles upon miles of abandoned sluices help pay for it, you arc not supposed to F o r U i l . t i m b e r l i a * h i v l o<> n > - t from Centre Harbor t'j Alton Bay on interested, yet it was not built by the striking out. The fourth inning saw cooking. At l e a s t that was a b o u t tbe or water conduits These water ways handle it. town itself since I )>e!ie\e a society I I hat b u e n J r a K f t e * ! MIMIUI m > i n n i s i t o W P M I June 25 The absurdity of the whole affair wns I the "kids" again blanked and one of acme of our wants as we began to near cross and cris-cross tbe mountainous 1 believe the dimcnsum^ uf t h e first I). E V heeler has recently secured composed ot the prominent good old V amply proved the very day on which residents of Karmington, assisted by church were <10t'>0 feet and two stones the "tackers" got home In the next tbe confines of home once more on our country in every direction They are the fountain was being set, in the pas Miss Ida Gray as cook, who gave such I Marston hit one that Fletcher failed tn recent return from the Pacific coast, universal satisfaction last year, and with CongregaUonalists, erected it, but in in height, with windows in both stories get, xtole second and third and came in and, judging from the remarks of our in the majority of cases simply a huge sage of an ordinary load of logs that after years tho town uwned an interest Thev were the largest wunltiwa. I re long, open b o x reaching for miles in ex Nellie at the head of tbe table waiters, member, that 1 b a d e . r r seen, and IJ " White's hit. Burrows, () Cord and traveling companions, they w e r e a l l t e n t . These conduits have their h e a d only got by with, as tbe saying u , "a tbo most fastidious will be pleased with in it, and it may l.ave done so from tlie know 1 used t u - i t in tbe old box-pew j Haynes striking out squeeze and a grunt." The whole thing close seconds to the same idea. Roberts struck start So you will observe that there or source h i g h up in tho mountains and o u l l n t h e fiflh the bourny of good things. The writer commenced the l u n g tbe expense of conducting the water is wrong from the start, and we claim . Cook made "hlt and were many minds tl.iuking about it ut c-f my grandfathers and c o u n t the pane* I Tho tax-collector for 1 8 8 8 , Mr A B now, as we did when the matter was P stnke-out act for h&meward journey the nineteenth of from tbis far-away source to the scene first agitated, that the square is .no fit FlaDders, of West Alton, will be at the one particular period And may 1 di ..f glass in a certain window e v e r y Sungress Is it not invariably the case day I recollect that there were six the third time. Haies hit one that April and did not reach home u n t i l of operations at the mines is oftentimes place for it, from tho fact that it is not postoffice from 11 3 0 a m to 1 3 0 p as too Haynes and "Dunlap' May 23d It can hardly be said, how m. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fn whenever a building is tu be erected for teen in the upper tpart and twelve in j Fletcherhot fur to the rescue with a hit ever, >hat I really started for home on very heavy, as one might easily imag large enough for a fountain and leave ash frame of came h. the public benefit, whether a town house the lower part ine who traces its tortuous pathway up room for the usual traffic days; and after August 1, every Sattir Every team w h i c h brought in the "tackville the above-mentioned day when 1 left t h e mountain Bide The pressure for a town a court house fur a tuunty ever) vviuduw tb< lower stury day until you have all paid up that drives to it from the Main street Dixon struck out again Los Angeles in Southern California, for b e a d under which the water is used or perchance a count) juil that there is b u t t l n w t ifi llic U | I | M r purt t t b e ' ' side, in either direction, will cover the The sound of the carpenter's hammer a vast amount of needless opposition house contained It-» light- And how Scure, 8 to 3, in favor of the ahoemak instead of setting my face towards t h e enormous. Such is the force of tbe Central street crossing, thus forcing pe is heard i n every direction on the camp agitation and discussion over i t Too I wish I ruuld d r u * with my pen a pic ers Both sides were blanked in the rising sun, I went northward up the water that a whole mountain Bide is destrians, in wet weather, out into the gronnrl The large lodging bouse is often are the churches built for Uod ture uf t b e bandsumeuld meeling-huuse sixth, and in the next inning the A B coast 5 0 0 miles to visit tbe cities and going up, many new cottages are being added to the catalogue \ et as long as just as it appenrcd when I W O K young, C buys scored one and the [asters didn t take in at a hurried glance the beauties fairly torn away by this constant stream mud The only one that can be used of water directed against it. here to advantage is one similar to thot built, and scores of others being re there are "many men of many minds," since I know that yuu would be de The fun began in the eighth, when of Northern California before finully Although, as we have above re paired This promises to be one of the just so long will tbe like occur My objective point marked, there is a law against this in front of the Methodist church at I was lighted with it It could not compare the young fellows "mauled" Cook for leaving the coast most lively seasons at Alton Bay for a much amused upon reading in a recent with our modem houses of worship' yet i runs, obtaining a g&xl lead Bum and the center from which I radiated method of mining, nevertheless we are Rochester, or in front of the police sta tion at Dover, both of wbi;b are placed number of years Rochester paper of the effurts of the it was very, ni<e and ipiuintly beautiful i > * first to bat and he mode a two- throughout the northern portion of the told that it is stilt carried aa by stealth beside the street and are easily acccssi Anson Ross, who was carried to the old mother town to build a new town Urandfather used to my that it woo | >>»"«. went to third on Tibbetts's hil state was the famous city by tbe Qolden insane asylum at Concord, died, after a hall there The trouble seemed to be constructed out of tbe best materials ob ' l came in on a bit by Parker Mars- Gate—San Francisco, or, as it is most and that there are to-day men of means ble for both horses and cattle. If in Frisco who dare n o t appear openly few days confinement, and his body was about the location, and it win then 1 tamable, and tbe finest old timber , f? ' « °n b»ll». Burrows and commonly designated all along tbe upon the streets for fear of arrest and are to have any, the one that wo had at brought back to Oilmantun by under thought of the early da\s in Farming pine, with never a tra< e of knot, wus I " f ard struck out White was the coast, "Frisco." Tbe journey of 5 0 0 imprisonment for the violation of this first is far more preferable, and tin proper place for it is opposite R. K taker Evans and buried from the Con ton, and the cases are similar It was used in the elegant workmanship thai I seventh batter in this inning, and he miles is made via tbe Southern Pacific law. The coppery color of tbe water, Pearl s residence on Main street, < r > gregational church, the funeral services desired by all early residents uf Farm adurned the edifice 'added tu the fun by a base hit; on route, and lies through an interesting about which we have already spoken, is near tbe band stand on Central street being conducted by Rev E. H Bor- ington to have a mccting-house, and I The worahip|K'ra tould enter the ' hich Marston scored, and the side was and for much of its extent a picturesque no only apparent in the streams flowing As it now is, we may expect a lawsuit chcrs, and Hinging by D M. Mooney, think it will be conceded by ever) body church through hve il,sirs On. « j s o o ' " " y retired on Huyncss out. ln region, B e v e r a l of the great interior into Frisco bay, but ln tbe waters of for damages to some one. Mrs. O 8 Oilman and Mn, P H who visits Rochester that she needs a the north side uf the building one on | - ' ""'I drivers, hut tbey failed to counties of the state and one of its great tbe bay itself and for some little disWheeler of Alton new town house badly Yet, reall). the Houth side my faiunte, since it led i score The high school scored two in valley sections being traversed. Several tancc outside While the bay itself Mrs Geo Tilton and Mrs John Card she hasn t made much progress, if after to my grandfather « pew in the west ' ' ' on singles by A Card, tunnels are passed, une of wbicb, the will speak at Temperance hall. New 88 years I compare her trouble with corner), a duur on each side of the | Tibbetts and Parker, a passed ball and San Fernando, is nearly 1J miles in has not shoaled to any extent as yet dotnmcntal to navigation, grave fears Durham, next Sunday afternoon at 3 p that of Farmmgton in 1800 And now porch which wus in front uf the church, j " ' f be Iasters came in and tried length On the northern side of tbe were entertained that such would have Those unsightly Blotches, Pimples, and m These ladies are fine speakers and I will hasten and tell )ou alniut the dif and another i l i M i r just beyond the north ' score, but < uuld not Cook mountain rango of the s a m e name, we become t b e case but for the embargo 8orea by a taltlitul and persistent use ot everyone should go to hear them We ficulty which she experienced and porch duur ami which fured tbe east Ayer's S&rsaparllla, the best and most the first striker and he went out— come to a more elevated tract, being the pluccd upon hydraulic mining are glad to learn that the temperance which was all about the meeting huusi- There were suitable wn.sleii steps to I'arkor to Tibbetts reliable Alterative and Blood-purlner Davis made a bit. western portion of that great Mojave Anuther feature that the stranger ub work is to bo revived under the manage lot. so many years agu ever discovered. ** I was troubled, each duur except the mirth '"ic which Hayes and Fletcher struck out and the d e s e r t , the same w e traversed further s e r v e s of San Francisco, while puaalng ment of Mr Joseph Ayers, president of (or a long time, with a humor, which s o u t h on the outward trip by the Santa The first site selected by the soclcu was never provided with anv ami was | K'me was finished The baiting of A Fe l i n e across the bay from Oakland by ferry, appeared on my face ln the reform club. nml many of the earn It presents here, a s t h e r e , the fur the first church was on tup uf the to me a sort uf jumping utl or ihiwti • Card \\ bite Couk and Fletcher anil same scene of wildness and desolation. is a peculiarly appearing, dun-colored est workers the third base play of C o n n o r UGLY P I M P L E S If you want to tuke a pleasant ride hdl now known as Meeting-house hill, p l a c e , ( K t s s i b l ) four feet m d» p t h But even here is the truth of that old clouu banging over the city Upon in TJie s c o r e There were t w o aisles i n the meeting noi'irc al>l< quiry (which, by the way, he never aad blotches. Ayer's Sartaparilla cured any uf these pleasant June days, hitch where the church eventually stood and say, "Nothing is made in vain,' veri HIIIH SUHOOlme. — Obarles H. Smith, l{ortB Craftsfew up your best turnout and leisurely drive the lot, about 100 feet front by 7.1 feel house, very broad and handsome, and A.B. I . IB l u . r u fied, for the Yucca palm, which is need repeat after being a bury, Vt. days in the city), he is informed that it 12 to Stnckbridge's Corner, tbence to New deep, was purchased of Samuel Jones, these led up to the pulpit 1 think n | w i i n e . c found here i n great abundance, is util " Until recently," writes Alice E 0 is dust, and such indeed it proves to be. Charles, ot Both, Me., "my face bos Durham depot, and back to Alton by an early settler of Farmmgton, who. in fat couple c o u l d huve p n — e d arm i n H a ; ii , I ized b y a London newspaper company llH/ker, A l and the finest, most penetrating and 2 the old post-road The round trip is 1 7 7 0 . located near where General Rob arm along the walk without brushing T l b lCcat tnM , I b been covered with pimples ever since I in the manufacture f printing paper i in was fifteen years old, I took: four about ton miles, and bj-tho-way, don't erts now resides. It was satisfactory the pew d i s i r s ,for w e h a d doors—lovely 1 ' n r k e r 2 b Here, also, is to be seen one of the persistent kind of dust that oue will bottles of Ayer's Sarsaparilla, and my forget to call on Krunk Ayers and fam presumably, to every one, being near paneled ones—tu every box pew) Ul aurr sr luuwns \ii r many of those wonderful feats uf c i v i l seldom meet. Linen will become I ily und huvo an ice cream that will the centre of the town as near a loca Thoy were securelv fastened by small «» C a n t r l engineering that are found in this west soiled there with one day's wear as it skin became as fair as coultlbe desired." It was a buttons, fashluncd after s o m e pretty make you smile and feel so refreshed, tion as could be selected ern country, in a group of mountain would here in three or four It gets Ayer's Sarsaparilla, Touts, 44 II I) II 77 24 and after you have partaken of tbo ex beautiful place—lofty, airy, sightly, and bevelled pattern, and were atiout two Vrsparsd by Dr. J O. Aver Sc Co., Lowell, Mass. peaks that form the terminating south into the eyes, nose and ears, and per l . L o t m i A J T S I-A8TKR3 Pricetl, alxbotUs*,fS. Worth05»bottla. meates one generally, giving you a roost quisite, cooling dish, Frank will write best of all, the edifice would stand on a inches in length and one i n width, at western spur of the Sierra Nevada A B . U . IB I B . r O . A 0 I 1 e you a policy on your life for 82 or 83 hill, where our ancestors thought it tached by screws. V\ e never descended lP/ a row o rl l . 3 1l .b range. Tbe further advance of tbe iron uncomfortable prickly like feeling. I o u 1 1 The capacity of Jhe new water works on 8500, and you will go home with should properly be built. But it after to hasps, as did some of the early K r l l r r r horse is here most strenuously disputed, was in and out of tbe city several times Robe a your family fooling happy and contented, wards appeared that everyone was not churches, since everything ubout the 1:00k,r t p, If but b y a series of complex and bewild during my stay there, and at no time reservoir on Garrison bill, Dover, will and when you lie down to rest and satisfied . I think tbey grew to be dis first Farmmgton church was artistic C laayvel ss ,, scs a2V> ering curves, and finally b y actually on approaching the city did I fail to be about 20,000,000 gallons. H s pleasant droams there will be nothing satisfied with tbe proposed church lot, and elegant I have said the aisles led F l e t c h e r 2 b • crossing its own line—forming the cele note this pall-like cloud hanging over it and as I have before said, tho hill fur up to tbe pulpit, and what a glorious D i x o n , r f The meed of merit for to disturb your slumbers brated "loop"—a pathway was made. The wind here, tbe same as in the sonal comeliness Is duo topromoting per J. C. Aver & nished the subject for much disagrees old pulpit it was. Quite nearly octa Totals. Sv S 9 10 27 8 0 10 southern portion of the state, rises about Co., whoso Hair Vigor Is a untversnl bleness Perhaps, at first, all thought to goo in shape, it had a beautifully pan P a s s e d h a l l s . W h i t e 6 . H a y e s I , F l c t c n e r I At Maderia, some 800 miles from 9 a. m., and then the dust goes racing beautitlerof tbe hair. Harmless, effec HEW DURHAM H a o h accept, but tbe Dock residents and early elled front and sides, and a broad mould A .u eC a on ut . b D lul sn n . C o R lt r aSe.k Tow o ,- b absye C iotos k. 1W ,h i t he r. Los Angeles, is tbe point of departure through the streets at a rate unparal tive and agreeable, it rauks among the ut 3 for the famous Yosemite Valley, about leled in our eastern cities, from the foot Indispensable toilet articles. Next week tbo NEWS will contain an Chestnut bills people, with others re ing, fancifully beaded, projected a little M a r s t o o 1.1. t ' m p l r e , P o l l H a w k e s , siding above the village looked upon the over the top, and in this elevated place 60 miles distant. Aa the writer's that it is so fine and light. In my next article of special interest to every resi Rochester people have petitioned the effort required to toil up the steep bill tbe preacbor stood One bad to look ticket did not include tbe valley, we I will attempt some description of this dent ol New Durham. C H A N G E I If MANAQESlKNT. missed the "Big Trees" and other at famous city, together with some side postmaster-general for a postal route be Miles Soruton, an old resident of as too great, and that tbe early settlers up to see him, for it was very high. 1 Mr and Mrs. William Welch, after tendant beauties. But we have n o dis tween Rochester and Northwood Nar Farmington, who bos has been living at of the borough', or southern purt of the think I never saw a higher pulpit in trips to the historic cities of San Jose his son-in-law's, Joseph Y Berry, for town, would be possessing an advantage my life. The interior of it could only an experience of twenty-four years in position for fault-finding, as we have (Hosay^, 8anta Cruz and California's rows. some more than a year, has gone to over them. But dear me did uot tbey be reached by going up six steps, when keeping boarders and running a hotel, seen enough, seemingly for a life-time. ancient capital—Monterey. GEO Be wise to-day. T>> madness to neg Strafford to make bis home with his son, ["have nothing but bills to travel over one came to a broad stair, then two have leased the Central House to a Arm J u s t after leaving Mojave, w e were lect a cough or cold, however slight. there ' Qen Furber, prominent in town more steps, which made a turn, and of capable young business meb of this treated t o the first, last and only thun- A S O L D I E B B ' BIOrTUMENT AT P O B T A . Consumption may follow, and though George. " brought him iuto a room (almost, it village, who, while not personally tak der shower of the trip. It was a mag. HODTB. Dn. WISTAB'S BALSAM of W I L D CnKRm Sarah E. Stanton a maiden lady, affairs of ancient days, knew very has frequently cured this much-dreaded aired 61 years, 2 months and 1? days, they did, and the old general, after was),•where there was a broad scat ar ing an active part in the management of nificcnt spectacle to watcb from the car A soldiers' and sailors' monument is disease. It almost invariably cares tbe w a s found dead Sunday evening, June wards one of tbe building committee, ranged something like a bay window the hotel, will at the same time shape window the dense, block clouds aa they primary diseases of tho throat, lungs and ledge. Indeed, the pulptt and oval- its course and endeavor, by true cour rolled down from the surrounding to be dedicated in Portsmouth on thb chest- where other remedies fall. 10, by- Asa Hall and his wife who is si so expressed himself topped window placed back of it as tesy and an excellent* casino, combined mountains and advanced rapidly across Fourth, to which all G . A. R. posts in sister of tbe deceasod. Mr. Hall at The timber for the building of tbe Tbe soldiers monument, to be erected onco notified the town authorities, and church was purchased and deposited on nearly resembled a modern bay window with the comforts of home life, to make the immense plain w e were traversing. the department have been invited. Arrangements have been made with at Tilton will be of granite, 13 feet high Dana P. Jones and Ebon E. Berry, the church lot, when tho opposition as one could devise, stretching the Im the Central House the ideal hotel of the The most weird a n d fantastic forms of agination a little. I should have said traveling public. The losers are Dr. lightning were being constantly vomited all the railroads in the state for trans and surmounted by a statue. selectmen, met Mr. Hall and wife and members to tho location called a meet J P. Tibbetts, undertaker, of Farming- ing of tbo society and. everybody inter thajptbese six steps leading up to tbe Albert Garland, Dr. W. P. Blake and forth, accompanied by incessant volleys portation at the rate of 1J cent* a mile, F O Tebbetts, and their lease of (he of thunder t h a t w e n t rolling and rever each passenger, when a post goes as an For chronlo catiitrfi,*5Jnduccd by s ton the next morning at the residence ested, probably, at which they decided pulpit were placed at tbe left side. organization. 'It is not understood that scrofulous' taint, Ayer's -Sarsaparilla Is premises runs for four year*. The new of tbe deceased, and after learning all it to be best that the now meeting Over tbe sacred desk hung tbe sound {-proprietors will each attend to tho busi berating down t h e valley in a manner a hike reduction will be made tii a single the true remedy. It stops "catarrh dis they could from tho appearance of the house should stand at the foot of the ing board, fastened by an iron rod to a truly majeatio and inspiring. At first, charges, removes tho slckerjlng'odor, and body and statements of the neighbors, hill, but in what a curious way they great beam above It was a curious ness in which they are now respectively such w a s t h e course o f t h e storm that i t person. Considering the low rate of never falls to thoroughly eradicate every they were satisfied that she died on ot brought this about I am unable to say old piece of cburcb architecture, resem engaged in. Dr. Garland as a dentist, ran along (to u s e a nautical phrase) fare, the occasion and the day, there' trace of the disease from thelilood, "Sold , about June 4. and, as there was no sus Unfortunately there is but little re bling somewhat a Tam-O-Shanter cap, Dr. Blake to healing the sick and man somewhat upon o u r quarter, g i v i n g u s seems to be no good reason why a largo by all dealers in medicine.picion of any foul play in relation to corded, and I think we shall have to and was always suspended over the pul ufacturing Sanitibe, and F . O. Tebbetts a chance t o v i e w from the open c a r number of posts should not attend. round D e a d . • Commanders of posts that vote to at her death, deemed any further inquest guess. Another lot was purchased at pit to prevent the soutod of the preach to giving the people ."fits" at his cloth windows i t s wonderful a n d varying An unknown man who bos. apparently unnecessary, and Town Clerk Bicker the foot of the bill, quite near the rail er's voice from ascending It was made ing house, but they will put an experi beauties without t h e discomforts o f a tend are directed to instruct and drill for several days been sufTerlngvery much > gave permit to Mr. Tibbetts to remove road track, and the two cburcb lots of wood. You see, in old times, enced hotel clerk and 3 > .first-class cook wetting, but soon a curve in tbe rail their posts in the special form'of salute from a corn went Into the drug; store and in the hotel, and prepare to spars no given on page 31 of the Service book. procured a box "of "C^acbrnj?'; -which, end bury the body Miss Stanton has were within plain sight of each other scarcely any of the New Hampshire expense or pats*, to please its pa w a y r a n us suddenly a n d directly i n t o afterooce using, stopped*airtlio pain, not been very well for some little time, its outer e d g e , w h e n there w a s hustling The second church site was an acre churches were ceiled overhead, for plas trons. Of Mr. and Mrs. Welch we and quick dosing of windows a n d d o o r s . M B . EDITOR:—I see by the Roches and in three days the offender was found and several of tbo ueighbors have been and one fourth in size, and it was tbe ter was not used at all. The deacons' dead. F . H. Wadlelgh, proprietor, Al to ber bouse, last week, but did not design of the party opposed to the first seat, large enough for (wo persons to sit think it can truly be said that they re So strong w a s t h e accompanying w i n d ter Leader that: ton, If. H. * 10-2t' E. F. Cloutman has given the town no see her and could get no answer from to erect a parsonage with the church. comfortably together, was directly be tire from the business with the best t h a t a t times i t very perceptibly retarded sue them her since June 4. But as she was very Now comes the queerest transaction of neath the pulpit and in front of it. The wishes of hosts of friends, both in the the speed of t h e train. To o n e w h o tice that he shall due him." for $125.00 which be claims Is eccentric, the; supposed that she hod all. I have said the timber was deposi deacons faced the audience, and as they village and on the road? could divest himself o f t h e natural tim I am not going to enter into any con rathor not see them and so did not open ted on tho site first decided upon, and were always worthy men, they could As. soon as the boiler and parapher i d i t y incident to s u c h occasions, t h e troversy at the present time in regard her bouse or make her appearance, and, everything was being pushed forward as well bear the scrutiny of tbe people. nalia lor heating the house by steam.] scene w a s i n d e e d magnificent, a n d I to this matter any further than to ex knowing her eccentricity, they did not rapidly as possible; the framing of the is completed, which will bo within a may truly s a y that I n e v e r before h a d plain it. Then there were the galleries, where mistrust anything was wrong. church had been completed and the day the singers always sat. They extended few weeks, Mr. and Mrs. Welch pro a n y such conception o f tho magnitude ' I presented a certain account to S. S. set for raising the frame, when lot in across one end and two sides of the pose to pass a few months, visiting a n d awfalness o f a heavy thunder Amazeen against the town for services, Tho opening Of the concert season the darkness of night preceding raising meeting-house. The pulpit Tjccupied friends and relatives' throughout the shower. It cannot b e adequately de amounting to 8125.25, whereby the by the band, Tuesday evening, front tho day the frame and tome timber was the fourth. We used to reach the gal- state. Here's good lack to toe old and scribed. One most s e e i t i n order t o town received sqyhe 9500 to' 8600, cov appreciate i t * full powers. The San ering some five * years. I was toTd by band stand, was a very enjoyable affair quietly drawn, "by parties to its un Iaries by ascending a flight of stairs in better to the new proprietors. Joaquin (Waquine) Valley, i n w h i c h Mr. Amazeen that he was in favor of and attracted quite an audience. Tho known, to the lot located at the base o the poich or vestibule, which graced the T O T VtBSX T O PAT. the shower occurred, is some 250 miles paying tho bill, but did -not' want to on selections were very good .and their ren- tho bill< It -was a complete surprise to front, as I have said, and there was a i n length,'and apparently as l e v e l a s a ' detfng excellent, considering the limited nearly everybody, and that the act queer little window in this porch, sort The honor of paying thefirst,poll tax .floor. It i s a - v e r y fertile section, a n d bis own responsibility, and', as. 1 under stand, it was referred to 1*. G . Tebbetts, practice that the boys have had. W e caused much excitement in Famington of dormer in style, I think It was, and in'town this year belongs to Horace P. would suggest, however, that a police it is needless to say, and a good deal of lighted tho entrance to the church and Fall, and W. 0. Roberts pays the first a n immense quantity o f grain is raised who refused to pay unless be was here. obliged to do so. I told Mr, Amazeen man be on hand at future concerts and jossip. It seems hardly possible that galleries. The floor of the galleries was property tax in' fill. John F. Cloutput a stop to the disagreeable tato or t could be so, yet truth stands out to elevated a little toward the walls of the roan, Jr., has the honor of paying the The approach t o t h e city hy t h e it the question of legality of the claim "time" us rendered by tho small boy. day in this bid history as\strango as fic church, and the space was very wide' smallest tax—10 cents. The_ collector Golden Gates i s along the shores o f came up I vrould sne it, and it would It Is^tho height oi' Impertinence a t best, tion, and perhaps mora so. up there. Ah, me] what a charmingly says the poll tax p&yers_are responding Su'tsan b a y , j u s t below t h e delta of t h e release all parties by letting tbe court and 'no boy with 'common, regard for Sacramento a n d San Joaquin rivers; a n d decide the matter. I have done so, It was a droll state of •• religious zeal, designed old church that was, but it has generously. ' _, . sooofrriannera Should .be guilty').of ?such building a house', in which -to .worship passed away, like nearly all the old soon after t h e straits of Carquinez and' and given the proper notice for trial at' /R'tjung.j If>isJannoying .not -only • to God, and -wrangling about it and almost worshippers. OLD BXSTDEXT. The high school' nine are to be uni San Pablo hay,' n n d thence into- San the next term of court. " thi ipsctatoT8,'but also* to (he players. fighting over it like naughty chQdrbn at E. F. C t O D T M J L W , Francisco bay,-, where one con l o o k I formed. (1% be Continued.) O L D - T I M E F A B S I I N O T O N . rt nrmrngton :| i 4 1 K e U e t f a e t r u c k X l b b e t t Q u t H m l M e ( 1 v m w h U e ttD 4 6 r 6 D a s e l l K a r w e U f & v o r fc m o f t h ( j n ; I ) a v l s e r f o r m < ! < 1 t h e 5 t t t r l e r : fivl; m wa a l u u u a e ,y h B cam< , , , e v K , r You May Remove n t B 1 1 l m r l t o w n s 1 u 1 w e T JOHNSON v S � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documents, Papers, & Articles Digital File Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The First Church Farmington News Article Description An account of the resource "The First Church" a Farmington News article about the first church and meetinghouse on Meetinghouse Hill from , Page2, June 15, 1888. FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farmington News Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Farmington News Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1888 articles church Farmington News Farmington NH history meetinghouse Meetinghouse Hill https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/cb70f2765c23ab84493498bc62b4ecdb.pdf?Expires=1790208000&Signature=pFilMVuAG5tG9Tb6IyK2TeoG798BIfqlhjsc%7E942Xu-m%7EvSpQMtRabK48SKxiQuL17JJkdW9FyPaUMWwQOtrhSLuGX2kbUwCDT3KtDzvG-S5QjaNmdvDWke4gN0kdpfpN0svSQ%7Eyt6YxwgQPdcKCJZBMNO4zPU7M8ylIut-B2wWX2vS%7EBKOUBOsMTmngb3jBCZH9J9aGW-KItP%7Eue9g7ldREI3JfxNZc3RUeiK3FCMT7Nvjb9VfKoDo4cfxeWVvW8XVeBLByOLTR6uE0EVJy72FtrWzLTH8OM7RVFavQmxW50FYhyv4kcURtvKsXXCVU2H2dETUKyKnTtDlFN-3gVA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ac5bf23fe620194acc80c3c262279c8e PDF Text Text �THE F A l ' I L Y of BENJAMIN and AEIO-AIL (PRAY) HAM of FARFINaTON, E.K. Compiled t y t h e i r G-randdaughters Louise (Stone) Jones,and K a t h a r i n e Ham Stone 1940 Presented by the author to the FarminstonjN.H. H i s t o r i c a l S o o i e t y , January,1953 F a t h a r i n e Ham Stone �7mm OP CQwmm Fag® Omk^4ll»irr fUm .<.....<>..»..o.., 1 Hazy Am (Annia} I'lm Bunkar.......................... 9 Abnar Hm..... ...o...............<....,..,,....,.11 fiffi .13 B^uas-iln ftraaklia lim., .....17 CImrles Has.. 20 JUbigail fSm Btom 21 Gwaftalogloal Matarlal 26 Appandlxt iap of Ram i ^ r t ^ r t y twmaerlpt of Co-art Racorda Jmihm WlX Fray's Q«aardiaa Account of ^€)tm Bm laveatoiy of JaUm ISae** JS»tat« Daad of Abigail IISB to Jiinoch Bunlcor A Mote on W i l l i a m Ham ( i n Aiaerica 1636-1672) �Th« B o u r o e s of i n f o r m a t i o n f o r t h i s s k e t c h ares<* X* F i l e s of t h e Farmington, H* H. Hews a r t i c l e s hy A d e l a i d e C i l l e y Waldron* S» A H i s t o r y o f E a r l y Portsmouth, H* H* by R a l p h May. !• 1926 Family L e t t e r s and i n f o r i a a t i o n fromA h i g a i l Ham Stone* 4* F i l e s of t h e Farmlngton, N. H. News f o r laaOe & 1890s. �Banjaain Has was of the f i f t h ganersticaa i n descant froa WHliaa Has i»ho asm trm Sngland to Haw Bigland and was i n liseter i n 1644, Portsmouth in 1646. He reached I n 16^2 ths salectraon of Str«B«to®rry Bank, as Portsmouth nas then eailod, e x a i ^ e d the old town records and crossed off what was not approved by thm, Amnp, the entiries that r^aaiaed was the following» «It is granted timt each itdiahitant i s to have l o t s of lara! according to the order written,* and eimmg, the nmos i s that of W i l l i a a Has (spelled Haisie) for tifiir acres. Lator reoorrls ahm that hs was a land owner i n 1660. His son Matthflfw settled on the I s l e s of ^ o a l s , ten s i l e s off PortaBouth arid had two aona^Joha and fhcasas. Jdin settled i n Sfewington, H. H., and had sovewO. sons, one of whoa was John J r . w^»o was ow ijiroat-grarwlfathar. Tradition says that he went trm Portwao>ith to i#iat i s now the v i l l a g e of Fanaington taking h i s worldly goods on f wheelbarrow altlioxii^ tJmt s « 3 a an l ^ o s s i b i l i t y . eat He took t*p or bought a l l ths land on which the v i l l a g e of Paraingtcffli now stands. The l i t t l e ssttlousnt was then known as The Dock, f ^ date of h i s a r r i v a l there i s not knoim but i t was \indoti5tedly while tliat region was a part of the northwsst parish of Rooi^^rter, for i t was not m t i l 1798 that the town of Famington TO5 incorporated, fb& torn l i e s I n the v a l l e y betw9«si Miltoa Bldge and ISew Durfiaa Rid|«e, about eigjiteen Ejtles northwest of Dover, on the road to Lake HnxMpesat&ee, which i s BOE» t i n JSJiles further m . His house stood m tl» h i l l north of Bo^, a f i n e locatimi whioSi vmrndmA ths sarly 190(^. i s "vm & farxaer and a press^rous nan for those tliaes, as i n the faadJly t m t i l the invsntory of his pjroperty totaled $3,&}6,n. He had f i v e s^ms, Thomas, Jesej^, Abnar, Benjamin and Woam, miA two dati^tters, a a r ^ and Mary. t d l l i s dated Jur© 29, 1011, and the inventory of h i s property was at tha probate court held i n Dover on Daem^T IS, 1§12, when h i s am Ms recorded Joseph, �w o ^?aa eswcutor, mi&». oath tlmt t « irivaatoiy ewitaiaa a l l tha estate of h !» thi said John Bam that had ecm to hfii knowledge. l E s w i l l i s interesting for iw gave hia land to his sons Biems, Joseph, Ben^asKln and Mos»S| to h i s sm Hbmr he g«re |200 and one good f e a t ^ r bed and bedding, Abrwr prmp^ .. b8to<ft: himself to Mtweiotrth, Maine, uSiere he laarried and had e i ^ t <^ldren. The tare daughters mm and to Mary flOO gi-ren ueemy, to Mrah 1300 aad householri f^ralahingi IXsmlshingi. T o d ^ i t i s a«»iiag to note tJ» axaet ^vinim of bads, bedding (ineluKllng the c o r i s ) , and o t i w household goods but thaw things had been aotplrod by wwk «id were of p w t mLue, In the divlsism of h i s land he j p w h i s mm fhmm the land i a th® waitom part of h i s holdinpi, wttere the Bostcm md Maim Hallroad mod to be. Be is said to hmm b&m mi «a«^-g«L«g fsasier with a l a r i e f«ily of ehUdreii. Joseph (generally knosm as Col. Joseph} Imd tise land lying wsst of the ProviiMje road, tm Horth aain Street. B a a j w i a and »>«as had tim hcn^stead east of t h i s rosd, with the house and f a m bxdldings. and Imd a l l the stook m& Tmy mm also t t e resid^iary legattWMi f a m tj^plSMints. flm inventory of great»gr^»ifathsr's pro|)erty shows t M t Benjasdis had 97 acre® of land and K«Mie8 7S acres, I siigspose th« two farwB Tmm o a r r l M on as a unit, for Wemm. mm tarded child. I rtJSMft^r hi» as a burly mm what today we e a U a r e - dressed i n overalls with a red ban- danaa around his neck. Aftor h i s falrf-ier's death he lived, witii h i s brother Thossas, but as he wis not w e l l oared f o r tl»re his mphm iOimmt (our Uno2^ Doctor) t&tk hia to tl» hewatead itlmm ho livcsd toe rest of h i s l i f e and was a t»efal mmAim of tJi0 fMi3y for -ho di4 the chox^ss, dioppad w o ^ arai did farm work* lis used aai^ quaint ^ r e s s i o s j s and o j was to preface hi.s 3»ark8 witdi the word '•Hke." i© O o SuiKiay TOmlaf h® was chopping woost ami Atatt Annie r w l M e d h i a that i t wsas n Stoday, •Well," to said, »»llke you didii't hxm beans t h i s aoming," in 186? at the ago of seventy and was buried i n the faaKlly mm%&rj After his death hi® fars. was soM and the mmmy divided mmmg He died m the farm. h i s heirs. �Our grandfather, Benjaain Ban, was Iwam i n 1?92. I n I S l ? ha married Mgail Pray^ of Lebanon, Maine, and %imy had s i x oiiildr^Mi, Uaxf Am , Abi^r, Susan, BeaJaEiin, Charles and Abigail (our aottor). From a sketch of the history of Farwingtoa we learn that i n 1 7 ^ The Dock ms a l i t t l e hamlet of less than one hundred people, suzrounded by the primeval forest. The roads iswre tm md very poor^ travel was either on horseback or by ox teaaj there was no ohurch or post office m)d t t e school was c^ned only the yaar bsfora. llm houses were either log cabins or o)»~ateiry fraaa. Banjafflin prctoably attended the l i t t l o school, but whether he }iad any further aducation i s not rocorded. lie fouglit i n the War of 1812, f o r i n her l a t e r lif© hia yriiim received a pension for h i s soj-vic® i n that war. its died i n Howaatoer, 1S25, at the ago of ^ l i r t y - t h r e a , leavijig his wife and s i x ohildrea, the youngest (our mother) bora a few acHtitha aftor he died. He was working i a the woods getting out logs. 1 ^ snow was deep and i t was cold so that he took a heavy cold which davsloped into typhoid pneueu^nia. The oldest daughter . ^ ifttfy Arm was teen i n her s i ^ ^ year and was the only cm A to reasaiber hitt i^Laarly* S^m once told har ixlece Louise that with t ^ f i r s t MBsy she aarDed ahu bought a bead-stone f o r hie grave. ^owy of the children figitt^ froa tlio distant past. To us he i s only a ��- 4- Abigail Fr&jf the daughlwsr of Benjimin Pray boni in Lebanon, Malsw, ^tt>lgall (Llbby) P i ^ , Ctetober 10, 178?, one of twelve children. We k o nothing about her father (Benjaisin Pray) but after tim deat^ of her f i r s t nw huaband Abigail Ilbby Pray m r r i a d a Hayes of Faraington and he was k w as S i r IJayos, wiiioh s»y be an abbreviation tar Qrandair. nm Sie l i v e d to be over ninety and waa auch loved by her grandcliildren. She taught Eary Ann to sew, knit and cook. During h»r l a s t illnofis a nei^itoor was talking with her about her •{^roachiug death myi she said, "fttH, death i s m>lmioholy.*' W know but l i t t l e of our israndteiother Em^s mrlj a JXt& for she seldom talked of har child; jood, but she rsascabered tha death of Wasliington and said i t took s i x woeks for the mm to reacti thm, a^id when i t eane the people oried, Washington is daad, iVasliington i s deadl" also r««WBa4wred tJje hardships which Jefferson's wbargo bro'jght to than wiien trade was at a s t a i u l s t i l l . She renesiberad a dark day (an acllpse?) and tlie year tJiore w a s a f r o s t every moMth. In 1817 she s m i l e d Benjasdn Mm of faredngton, H. H., and i t w a s said that aha ims the handscmst g i r l who went into the mmtlixg house. She wa^ a Baptist and always explained that s^ie was a Fx^owiU Baptist and not a Hardshell, B)b had a g o alto voi(^ and sang i n ths choir. I rwimber her when ahe was w a l l over od eighty Bitting by tlw window hcxLdiiig her lijaaxibook dose to her ayes end singing her favorite hQwrns i n a quavering voi«». Isft a widow at t l ^ age of t l i i r t y ^ a i x , with s i x childraa, the oldest i n her eighth year ard the youngest bom few months a f t e r ti» death of her husband, with a Saw Hamjahir© fara for their st^port, the outlook ims not easy, but she was not daunted by i t and worked liard to bring up Iter family. The children wsre Mary Ann (called Arjiie), bom 163Jj Abaor, bom i B l g j Susan, bom 1821 j Benjmin Franklla, bom 1523; Charles, bom and Abigail, bom Slamh 1 , ::^26, Bmidss the fana a?id the house there was a ©d,st-«iill, which was taken frflo �\lbm by of t>i® Mam rolativea by what QrandiaotlMir t h o u # t wera unfair practices. The house was beyoiKl repair so l a 1829 Orandaothor b u i l t a naw horn® m the site of the old one, on t!ie .knoH north of %im v i l l a g e . a itm» house, a story and a h a l f , with an tmfinished a t t i c . I t was This i s tlMi houaa that we called th& **old house < . * For ysars QrmimiUmr leased ths f t a k i n g half of the produce for the rant. Bub she found i t increasingly d i f f i c u l t to e a r o f o r h a r children and i t was nsi^ssary to soM awm of them to l i v e with her x^lativee. Susan and Charles went to l i v e with t h e i r IJmlm Charles Fxay i n l ^ m l l , Walm, BanJaEiln Franklin was sent to h i s l ^ l e Benjaiain i n Ossipee, she nevar turned ai^ono away w h o was cold or huoigry. and Poor a s she was One atorray night there US a knock OR the door, Grandiaotlier opened I t and thex^ st^od a stranger asking for shelter f o r iim n i # t . She took h i a i a afid m d e a bod for h i a m tha floor before tlie opm fire. I n tha aomi^ig fm t r i e d to isxpress h i s thanks but could not Biak» hiautelf widerstoi^ for Im was a foreigner. Besides the farm work, Krtiloh even f o r wcetan was Im&vy, Orandtaotl^r did spinning and weaviiig f o r itjor own faiaHy and for lier neighbors. 3^ laade har mm deaigis aM dyvtA and spun her ami wool. There are at least three pieces of har work s t i H l a exiatenoe, on® a oouatorimns i n hlvm and white squares and two butternut shades (one now used as portieres i n the hcaae of George Haelwstar Stone), liar old-fasliioned locm was kept i n the l o f t of the bam for years after she ©eased to um com it. Sh« was often called on to help m i ^ b o r s i n tii» of sickness and both ito and Awjt Annie were gajwmus i n gtvtjig t h e i r services, and t^oy were s k i l fuj. too, Sh& studied ths itoaaac carefully and was w e l l wenaed i n t t e phases of the moon for each one hajtl to be h i s own weathar prophet. dlotod a change of weather wlnm the mom **8outhed.'* often pre- Another of her aa^n^ n s that wlmi the tsomi rained porridge luir bowl was always upside do«m. Ihsa hsr oldest daa^Jtor, Annie, isarrled Grand£aot}ier relinquished tJie �cars of t . house add farsa ajid laay be said to iiave retired to tha chiimey"« conjar, alt>M>ugh she s t i l l did a good deal of housework. She knit woollen atockings for a l l the fsmi>era of the fa»ily aiwi she t r i e d to teach mm to knit but with ths saail s t i ^ l aaodles and fine yam wliieh she used I aade a botch of i t . Althou^ as noted e a r l i e r Orandmt^ier yielded the managment of the house to her daughter and i t often &&&md as i f aim wore ordered auround too pereEi- torily tiwre were %imB when a - asserted herself and tlien her daughter bowi^ l» to her w i l l . I n her l a t e r yearti i t was imrd for h&r to walk so that she did not go out alone and Aunt Annie would often refuse to go «lth her to c a l l on the aaighbors, but occasionally Qranttether would i n s i s t and she would carry her point. Bar grand-daughter Louise tmmdsmra &o& oooaslcm whan Aunt Annie and Ikither vent away for the day leavltig Qraridiaotlier, Afum, Susie auid herself a t bona. After thay were w i l l on tliair way Qrandaotlier oam out of her bedro<m with her best dress and boiuiet on. She told tltm tlmt s l ^ was goiiig to see soiae of the nei^bors and if she did not cma he«© to dinner tl»y aeed not worry. About the ndddle of the. aftarnoon she ret'Jrned vary happy for she liad made a ausiber of c a l l s , put airay har bonnfct, ehajtiged Imr dreas and said to tlie ohildren, *Tou need not say anytliiiig about this to your «ot^r or Aunt Aimie" and tlnegrdid not. like Bany country women of her time she smoked a pipe and took snuff, Sba said she did this baci^use BM !iad catarrh and she t r i e d aaiiy tlmss to give u > both | habits, but without success. Iter dark hair was flecked with s i l v e r , sJso always wore a lao® cap acul, keratdaf and har dresses were oithar dark gray or black. She retained her good looks to the last. Ror great grands(»i,Eab«rt U l l s of Toledo, CMo, looks sMore l i k e her than any other of her descaiuiaJita, Although she talked so l i t t l e of her l i f e or her children she was « wonan of �imp fseliagi the death of her oldaat ®oa Abmr and tJ^e disappearance of Charlaa, hsr youngest s<m, were aom t r i a l s . Ihea hsr dati^ter Abigail aarried and went to iMo to l i v e both Qrui^ulmother and Auant Annie were loal:^ to hama her go 80 far a^ay for t h e i r world was very s a a l l and Cftiio was then a l i ^ t a frontier atate. Th» tim cams, i n her later l i f o , when she sade t w v i s i t s to Abigail, QQt in Marietta and 1 ^ l a s t i n Madis^nvillo. She spent several winters with her B » Beajaain i n Iflncheater, Massachusetts, and went s i ^ t - s o e i n g i a «ad a i n the War of 1Q12. I doubt i f any of us ean appraciate tfhat i t aeant to h«r to have t h i s atBall sun a l l hsr own. mmx I be- gan t a a ^ n g atu! received $40 a amth Q r ^ ' ^ o l ^ r was worried that one so young (I was then over t w n t y ) should have so tauoh oonaty to handle aund xat&ad m m% to wasta i t . In lBd3 Aunt Aimle began p r e i ^ a t i o n s to build a new hoxnm on the s i t e of tho old one. QrandtaKyther did not want a mm houa« but her 9b4e«ti£m8 were over-ruled and wo2* on t w mm house wsant tai. J» I n ^\»» of 'M»t year ( i n h«r ninety-fourtii j/ear) Qranfeotlier f e l l i l l mid f o r two weeks l a y p a r t i a U y unconacious but not suffering. A l l tiait tiiae she mm&d her r i ^ i t haM back and forth in regular rytte and "Uils oontint;®d u n t i l almost her l a s t breath. I have often wojid0i"od i f this was sii)-oonscious, a r e v i v a l of motions which alcm used to naka in spinning or weaving. I n hmr Itmg l i f e slus saw raa^y ohangsai l i v i n g bsoaau far easier than i n Imr youth and her l a s t year^ were f i l l e d with ccmfort. Ws have reason to bo proud of her fine character, her courage tinder hardahipa and her ability to bring vsp her cMldren so that thay a l l becuEms soeA ditiMns. The children rscelved t h e i r early education i n tiie d i s t r i c t school known as tha laldron School whidi waa situated about a saile north of the v i l l a g s . I t waa a long, cold walk i n winter but a kimlly n e i ^ b o r who lived m aftan took thm i n to get warn. that road Thar® wore a winter and a auMBer t e m wit^ fre- �- s« quent c t i ; ® of teachors. I t i s worth noting t^mt each of the children want !w|# away to school l a t « r on and that Abner grad\iated fr« Bowdoin College and the aadical school. I a each case t h i s sctooling was obtaiMd by ti»ir own e f f o r t s . ��-4um mil iicmh) nm Bmsm The eldest daughter, koala (Mary Aim), after going to the d i s t r i c t school want to Wakefield, M. lU, arid attoadM scliool tliere for two years, l i v i n g with a cousin. In 1818 slie ©arriad Snocl'i Bualcer of Faraaiiigtcai, son of James and iillaabsth Bunkar. They went to school together as cliildren. Tlitjn h& was away for several ye&ra working with a circus and seldoas sending any word of h i s i^r©abouts. After a few years he cm& h«e mxl worked on the Vim far», and ttma married Annie. Tbey had no children but ixtok Am» K i g a l i , whose aether had died, to bring up. Uncle liiioeh was a good farsM^r and aade the t&m pay. F i n a l l y he and Aunt Annie bought out the other teirs, and she made i t ^ r hcaa as long as she lived. I rsEsiaber Uncle fiioch was f u l l of fun arai loved to play Jokes on others. Aunt Annie was tetj^ieramntal, as we say today, but ha would la\agh a t hsr wl^n aha waa out of sorts and briag her aroujid. He Hked to tease Uncle Moses m& trould t o l l his Wiat he couldn't count. "Yes I can," Unci© Moses would reply. "Then count t!ie bundles of hay," Uncle iinoch would say, asid IMcle loses would throw th«n down froia the hay nm sayinij, "lare*8 one, here's another, hare's one, hare'a anothar,^ u n t i l a l l were account*^ f o r . Aunt Aimi® died i n Dooeobar, 1895. I n 18S3 she soM the old houa® and i t was moved to a now location on Bunker Street where i t s t i l l stands. She b u i l t a tiTO-story, hip-roof liousa and stable a « raade her h t ^ there. She l o f t the ri place to her nephew, George W. Stom, who sold i t to the late Elror Thayer. Mr. Thayer enlarged i t and i t i a now the show place of the team. Tho village grew rapidly i n the »7es and 'BOs, mi of tha fans for building lots. Aunt Mni© sold off aoat By t h i s neans she acquired a cosifortabla sua, about ten or twelve thousard dollars i n a l l , artd gained tha reputation ammg the townapeoplo of beiiig wealthy, a reputation stie greatly anjoyad. In her younger dapt she did t>ie wori: that f e l l to tam wosea, milking, butter* �- 10 - Baking and -mm a noted cook. One of h»r fin© quaHtlaa waa har loyalty to har frianda and thara was mora than one inatajice of her standing by woEaea who were In trouble and helping thaa ^ t on their feet again. SLendar and erect with a decisive luaaner, lier nieces and nephew often ^ouj^ht that she was too severe wl'yi thm but, as one of har sisters-in-Iaar aaid, Annie arid Ellen (Dr. Ilam's vdfe) i^ight q u m ^ l betwe^ themrelves b«rt i f trouble touchod any om of the fajaily they prasentad an unbroken front to tha world. �m m mi Abnar tos, tfm oldeaft son, ism horn i n 1815>.'' 'fk was a«sod for h i s unclG Abnor Haft, WJMK he i s said to !mve resoabled, being rather ^ l o r t , with daep set ayes. As a boy he was serious and particular to do things right. I t vas ha who looked after his IMole Ptoses Em cared for at his brother Thotaas's, whea hs found that he was not w e l l Ife took him to the fasiily hocte and there h» llvBd until his daath. Abner was eager for an eduoati<m but ha was not sent away from hc!»a as younger cJiildrsn were, probably because he was old enough to bo a halp there. Ha want to Strafford Acadee^ i a a noar-by t<ani and f r o s there to Bo«doin Collega whara he graduated i n 1844, During h i s college course he stayed out a year to aam money to continue h i s studios, teacMng i n Strafford Acadea^, He finished hia medical eouiwe at Hew XoHc University i a law fork City I n 1947, Ho practiced aedicin® i n Ffersdngton, Dover afid Boston, md tl»en bought a drui^tore i n Carabrldge, Mass., wMch ho carried on a few years. I reaaasber h i a there as wo llv&d mex by, and I often wi@ait to the stos^. chlldron for, so f a r as 1 can r&msAmr, Ha aust have l i k s d im was never i i ^ t l e n t with childish curiosity. He taught h i s niece I^uiso to walk. After the C i v i l War to, l i k e wany othears, tteught the South offered groat opportunities md h® went to South Carolina to raisid cotton. contracted mlignant fever aiKi died tinor© i n 1866. Unfortunately he I ranaai^r our driving to Fftraington when I was a ohild and think i t »ust h a v e b e e n at the tiae the mtm hia death had been received, for the soene i s clear i a agr »eaory. Qr^iKfeiother and Aunt Annie were standing i n iJm big bam door and wmn Uncle Ben got out of the carriage Orancteothor throw herself i n h i s arms and wept. Abner aarrlad KUen Pollard of Great F a l l * , M. H,, l a &m child, Charlaa Abner, lived to grow up, tlie others tlyiag l a infancy. Awit I H e n lived until 1908, a stately woraan who must have been handsaw i n youth. of �Charles was the ^jpl© of Imr eye, as he was of hia Amt Annie's, f o r was the cmly one to bear the nam of lim. lie was brou#it up i a the expectation of baing Ms aunt's heir. He jpraduated froa Harvard i a 1873 (1) but vardT foiJOd any work thereafter which Im cared to do. I t waa, however, tiarough his sfforts ttaat the pension was secured f o r h i s grandHother, Bs died of titerculosis i n 1B32. Aft<sr hia deatli his m>tiier l i v e d i n B(Miton mioh of the t i a e , Xt i s wm of tha fsaily stories that she often read iqp mi scaae st^Ject i n the eai^c0.opsdia to as to have 8<«i©thiiig to talk about a t the boarding-house table. She was quite deaf, altliou# sho wo-old not adadt i t , and one day startled ev&zytam at tha table by bx^akiag i n to tl» ooiiverwatioa w|th the questicasi to her r i g l i t hand nai^dsor as to wlmt he thou^t of 8a?)oleon»8 treatment of J o s ^ h i n e , the reply ia not riscord^, Ariotliwr tiae she was paovsd with her niece Louise and tittraafter aJbr&ya spoke of her as Mrs, 0, Jmes. �- X3 - smm mm Susan and Charlos wmt to Gorhaa, H. H,, and frcas there to Lovell, Kaine, to stay with their uncle, Charles Pray, He got thrnn into the Wood faaily of that town, wall-to-do coiaitry people, tho f a a i l y consisting of father, mother afid three bachelor sons. for coE^any and to educate, JmiMi They want^ a young boy and g i r l V/ood, one of the sor^s, sent thea to achool and afterward aarried Susan, laho vm aa s» was. ia coiuiidered to be very fortunate, She was tlm best looking of tl*e three g i r l s and was very yotaig whan aba was aarried. She arai Iter husband had no children but Umiy adopted a little g i r l , Mary Abbie. Vlaits to Ltwsll b"- other meimrB of tiiB family ware rod l e t t e r events, and ware usually accos^jlished by horse atai buggy oac horse and sleigti. A wm" orabla trip to &usan*s waaa laade by her brother B e n j a i ^ and his wife i n tha winter by horse and sleijih f r o s Farraiiigton, 7ln ride to Lovell was delightful thou^ cold, but idiile tliey were ttere the snow waited and the hoswmrard t r i p over patches of snow was nsver forgotten. Susan died i n 1355 j u s t before tlua b i r t h of the niece who was naaed for har, Susan Wood Stone. Sie had j u s t had tlte parlor and s i t t i n g rotm aadto into one roaa and had bought new furniture i n Boston, fhe f i r s t t i m the roo« was uaed was for her fiawral, A latter fro@ Aunt Susan, whidi i s appended, shows her affocticoi for h&e faoiily. �Letter to AbiKsr Hm trm h i s S i s t e r Susan (Ham) Wood Lovell, m,. Doc, 17, 1842 Dsar Brother I rec'd your very kind l e t t e r a few d.vB since and was h^py to hear frc« you after so Img silence. I could not iaagine Mihy you did not write or send a paper i f your t i m was so amch eraployed that you could not write tmlaas you Ixad quite forgotten ma. However I w i l l not censure you too severely as X aat i ^ t to be negligent nyself. But ths tlraa sec^sts long since I have seen or l:^ard froa you. You say you have tlie prospect of passing the winter pleasantly in B. (fflust be Boston) and niost sincerely do I hope i t w i l l p r o v e so. lou have not a friond on earth Dear Brotliar tiiat rejoices EK>re i n your prosperity axul happiness thaa I do. Perhaps you w i l l say that I aa a l i t t l e s e l f i s h because your prosiMCts are now f l a t t e r i n g . am proud to own you as terothar I and so I acknowledge I am, but s t i l l a sistar'a affection for ^ brot'ier i s deep and impounding l e t h i s earver through l i f o be what i t my, especially when site sees h i a walking i a the paths of honor and v i r t u s . lou would l i k o to know I s\;Q)|}ose where Charles i s t h i s wifiterj as you say you oould not get a school f o r h i a i i i B. Us l e f t here a *Bak ago today for Faroingtoa to teach school there. I do not know idiat d i s t r i c t i t i s . Be has 10 or 12 dollars a month, I m not sure vhichj the teachers at CoirMay tcdd hlA that i f ha would continue going to school there t i l l next f a l l lie cotild tlien enter college a ysar in advance. He has been very studious and made rapid iB^jrovesent, or al least so h i s teacher says, I s h a l l eocpeot liim here again as soon �&8 his school closas, I rocoived a l a t t o r frcaa Mary Arm a few days since j hsr health i s very poor thoug^i am& better tiian i t was i n the ammssr. She has baen to Portsmouth to t r y the effect of the s a l t water, thinks i t was a boiwfit to ter. Abby Ims had a chance to take a school t h i s winter but thinks i t w i l l be better for IMV to go to school titan to teach. Mary wrote that Benja i a keeping school i n Dover and report aays h© i s paying his addrosses to a young lady by tlie name of Bacon but I do not believe om word of i t , or to say the least X hope i t i s not 80, ha i s quite too young $»% to think of laarrylng* I such rather bear that he intended to enter college with Charles which I t r y to perauade ayself i s the case. You oak i f JR>U aay expect to see n» at B. (Boston?) t h i s winter. I Buat aay no, I hardly think I sliould dare venture so f a r froa horn thia bitter cold weather. But I hope to see you here as 80<m as you graduate and you nuat not disippoint me. I "^dtnk of going to F a j r a i i ^ ton cm a v i s i t i n tha course of t l u ^ or four weeks, wish i t were poasibla for m to see you there. I do not know as I have anything to write that would bo interesting to you. Things go m. much as tisey did l a s t suiaaer. Charles Pray's wife is yet l i v i n g and 71m has laovod to C(»sray. You say you have often thought of the pleasant rides you had with Josiah, I hope you have not forgotten the one you took with to Cliathaa, that was a pleasant ride Indeed. I t i s growing l a t a and I sust close j l o t m hear froa you often. Sand m a pa,p%r I f you oamiot write but at a U events l e t m you very often. iiKcuae a l l adstaires as tlsis i s written i n a htirry. Your affectiojmto s i s t e r Susan hear froa �(Qeorg© W. StiXKj) the l e t t e r I hav< waa copied by Father from the original and on the back page i a t h i a note by Mother. Wednesday evening. lour father has copied tho l e t t e r already santioned i n sine. The original I twant to keep for i t shows the aiarks of ags. I t i s f a ^ d and the writing not very distinct now, dated, your Father says as near as he can make out, i n 1642. I s l i a l l send your Aunt laiwi's lettor also as you w i l l be glad to know that Dr. lenard W o , widely known i n his day, was Prosidont of the college during od your Uncle Dr's. course. I hM latter was sealed with wax, f o r g o t t ^ to say that your Aunt Susan's Envelopes not being used at that t i s e . I t ms craassqiBBntly torn and your Father f i l l e d i n the aissing words as beat ha could. This Kiorning b r o u ^ t ths baby's piettires. Please t e l l the young aan i t i s the f i n e s t Valentino we ever received. I s n ' t he a darling? He i s »©• w e a t I long to take him tn ay arms. We are delightewi with ths pictxxros. lie lo<&s so wise mid so good. aH Tell Martha h®r picture i s aa good as i t can be and we are a U glad to have her with the baby. Of course she w i l l talto good care of i t . Vary lovingly your Mother P. S. by George W. Stone. Tha B- I questioned as "Boston" aust be ^Brunswick" wliere Bowdoin college i o . Hartha was our colored aaid ami nirrso and the baby was Bradford. ��Bonjarain IVanklin, ths s®comi son, was born July 3, 1823. As a baby he had rickets and Qrandaotlajr ocnsuLted a doctor who advised the follofidng troatnentt A tvb of water was drsnn from the w e l l at night and allowsd to •tand outdoors. I n the nomiag th® baby was taken fro® h i s warm bed axid plunged in %\m cold water. Of course he shrieked but after being wra|^>ed in a blanket and put to bad again he would go to sleep, ttoe treatiaci^ was afficacioua, i f heroic, for as a young aan he was quite an athlete. Whan he wm eigtit years old he tmnt to l i v e with his uncle, Bonjttln Pray, in 03si|Wie and worked f o r h i s board mx& clothes. He never forgot the drudgery of hooing potatoes on Ctesipee Mountain. Ho lived at home very l i t t l e after that for when he was thirteen he went to Ilatick, Mass., as an apprentice with Stephen Hayes to loam shoroakLng and receive a certain amount of schooling. He worked f o r Hayes a year and by working over tlssae lie earmd eiasugh to buy his tise. fhe lainister i n Matlck, Hev. E l l a s liaMm, was Interested i n ths young nan of the town and loamKi thaa bo^s. Benjaiain always apck9 gratefully of lilr. Nason and said he owed liio love of Shakespeare to liim. Another yoxmg Ban froo Farsingtcsi oaoe to Matick at that t i s e , Henry Wilson, who was v i c e praaident with Grant. A debating dub rem £ovmd by a grotg? of the young laen, which gav® thaa a good training. Benjamin F. must have boon a good scholar for wlien ha was i n the d i s t r i c t school tha teacher offered a prise to the pupil who would coasdt l i M l e y Hurray's gramar to heart, fib did so and raoeivod a copy of tha hated book aa the prize. In IMS ha aarried Catherine Eingabury Bacon of Jlatdck, daughter of John and Lucy (Sawin) Bacon. 3i9 was a aost attractive young woman, of lovely charleter, always a hel|%mte. Thay had one child who died i n infancy. Sotm a f t e r their marriagG they went to MUlbury, Mass., to l i v e where Benjaialn and Charles, hia younger brother, establiabad a store. This waa not a success and BenJ^da �l&d his wife rotiirnsd to ths Bacon bom i n Ha t i c k . Ha taught school and studiod lasr i n tha offico of After being adaittad to the Bar he practiced i n Hatick i n partiwrship with E. F. Dewing. During ^ s period he was able to build a coafortable hmiis on Walnut I t t l l i a Matick. I n the late «50s i» was elected Clerk of Courts of Middlesex County, an offico irtiich he held for ten years or mora mtil inci^asixig deafness c c ^ l l e d hira to resign. At that Um last Cambrid^ to l i v e to be mar he went to the Court House | while i t i s doubtful i f hi was d^ply versed i n the law he grasped a legsQ. question quickly and took the ateps that semed necessary for a solution. After the close of th» C i v i l far ba axvA Mr. Dewi;^ aoqaismd a sugar plantation i n Louisiana and t r i e d augar a«king but i t was not successful. I n his l a t e r years he dealt i n raal estat® i n a saaH way. lie died i n 18P3. For many yeans Benjastln was tlm aainstay of the ottier ausabers of the family for halp i n t i s e of ^ u b l e , eitoar hy advice of finaxieial help. He had an alert miM and a good amory. ile read widely and had the habit of reading aloud to t « faudl;,'' anything that interosted hia. As h i s foster ha efaild I have reason to be very grateftil to him for guiding my readiixg. Uy gratitude i s greater now that wiwn I was a child for then Macaulay's history of Ji^gland did not interest m» m a r l y so sauch aa the **Frud^'' hooke, buct under hia watchfTol eye I read Macaulay. Ho lite»d to select passages fro® Webster's araticBis for m to speak i n school on Friday afternoons. M(m$ othor books he raad alo'jd were Irving »s L i f e of Washington, h i s K^okerl>ocker Jtistory of Wtm York and Kane's Arctic iaqploratioaB. Deafnoss clouded his l&tcr years md there were than noiBof tha hearing aide that aako t h i s a f f l i c t i o n l»arable now. Although he did not always r e aliaa i t , his wife was h i s guidinig star, always loyal atid patient. Ik! travelled a good deal, aakins ^ sisaer t r i p fo Labrador i n 1864, I t la interesting to rustethat t!>e conditioxis of l i f e for the fisherssn had not �changed when Dr. Qrenfell began h i s work there so long afterwards. went to California i n 1866 going to the isttous of Panaaa it by r a i l and mbarking m the west side for San Francisco. He water, crossing This t r i p was partly on business and partly to search for soae traoe of his brother Charles, w o had not been heard from for years, but no trace was found. His return h trip was made overland by stage to the point where the transcontinental r a i l road was met. The N a t i c k Gobbler One of the L i b e r t y s h i p s under c o n s t r u c t i o n a t South Portland i s to be named f o r the V i c e - P r e s i d e n t of the U n i t e d States whom New Hampshire and M a s s a c h u s e t t s both may c l a i m , the one as a n a t i v e , the other a s an adopted son. Wilson's l i t t l e Henry shoe shop stands i n N a t i c k as a memorial to the cobbler who came a f o o t from New Hampshire w i t h h a r d l y , a penny in his pocket but w i t h r a r e a s s e t s of c h a r a c t e r . liis industry Wits phenomenal, h i s ambition unbounded and i i i s courage e q u a l l y remarkable. From the Boston H e r a l d - 1942 ��- 20 - CHARLES mm Charles, tt» youngest son, and his s i s t e r Qmm went to Lovell, llaiiiQ, to live witJi their micle, Ciiarles Pray. He e a ^ l e t a d h i s education i a Vm acadffly at W&rih Coraifay, Si»an urged hia to go to college hut he did not do 80. H taught d i s t r i c t school i n Farsingtoa for sciaa time f o r $10 or i l 2 a e •onth. "1^"^ , Soaetia© i n the li-ite »4Q6 he and Beajasin went to m i i h u r y , Mass., awl o e o a goiisral store but tho vanture was not saccossful and he decided to pnd seek his fortune i n Califorriia. lie waa urged to go h(M& mxA see h i s mother and sisters before leaving but he refxised to f o r ho said he oould not withstand M6 Bother's pleading and i»naie»s and Abbie's tears. When nim found that he . cotdd not b© persuaded to do t h i s , his sister-in-law with ths fine Christian p!ulo8(^i:y she always Iiad t r i e d to sake h i s l a s t days with than as pleasant as poasibla. He sailed aroiaid tha Worn, and was nine months i a reaching San Praaciseo. Several lettars ware received f r m h i s aiiid i n each he ^mgilsiimd of not l^aring rron hoaa, l a the l a s t one i ® said he was going to sose ffldnss worked hy Haadi cans aiKi spoko of a doctor as being a good friend. After l e t t e r s fr«M Ida stopp d coEdnc; his aiater ilbigaH ; ^ t fr«xs ths Parmingtcffi post office a l i s t of a l l o the post off lets i n C a l i fomia and wrot« to each but never received replies. Other efforts to trace hl» f a i l e d and >m was one of the mjay gold seekers whose dlsappearariQe iwa&'i,iaiver solved. ��miQiOL Abigail Bm, tha yomg&at nm of the faRiily, waa bom three months after hsr father's death, March 1, 1026, Whan she was old enough to go to school th& other children were either thro>i#i the d i s t r i c t school or a t school away froa hOEe so she had to take the aile-long walk alone. She knew that her a o t l ^ r had hard work to oaks ends steet and that she was worried about getting t l ^ Koney to pay taxes. The l i t t l e day^- ter asked her what taxes were and after her mother explained l i t t l e Abigail said, " I ' l l watch mid when I see th^ tax Bian oming I ' l l drive the cows and horses across to the big |)afltura and ha won't Know we have any." After she was througli tlio d i s t r i c t school slie went to the acactey a t Cliiaaaton for a year and then taxight i n Imr native town. She was a great help at home, being a w i l l i n g worker, and ter s i s t e r Annie discouraged any attaint to go away J»» teach. Aunt Annie often took boarders, yoimg m&n wliO worked i n tho v i l l a g e , mm the railroad from Itover to Altcw Bay was b u i l t she took as a boarder a young c i v i l engtnesr, Stephen W. Stone, not thinking that he wotild carry off hsr s i s t e r . The young people becam w e l l acquainted and the frierKiship ripened into aarriage. When the railroad was finished a party of townspeople went to Alton and then over ti» lak» and t h i s was the f i r s t %ijm that Fathor took Mother out. The young engineer now went out to Ohio (t!Mjn the f a r west) and continued his railroad work. Ths engagaarant lasted two yo&rs and then he cam back to be auarried. The date was set but he was delayed i n jetting back and he stopped in Boston to order a wedding s u i t . T ^ n he stiached Fanaington he fotsid tl» fatally were assffiabled and sorae of 1Aym could wait no longer so the wedding took place the next day, Sunday, June 4, 1854, but h i s new s u i t was not ready, for their wedding journey, which was takon * i t h Uncle Knoch's iiorse and chaise, they v i s i t e d the groom's brothers, Thc^as and Charlos, i n Maine. When �- 22- tte golden wedding was celebrated i n 1904 one of tha nieces, Mary Stone Stearns, wrote to thea t e l l i i i g theia ^ a t an ispression t h e i r v i s i t made on her, ti^on a l i t t l e g i r l . After the marriage FatSior rotximed to tftiio, bat as he was not stirs itmj^ he would be located his bride did not go with him. As soon as he was •atablishod he sent f o r her with exj>licit instructions as to where they would seat. She travelled west with Moaes Baoon ami wife ami Mr. and Mrs. Jennings 1 ^ had j u s t been auu'ried and were going to Cliicago. There i s a story i n ths B c » family that iiliaiaboth (Bac<m) Jennings was ver^'" loath to leave home aM a(3 wpt copiously, even a f t e r raacliing tiw railroad station. F i n a l l y her older brotoer aaid to har, "As you f e e l so badly about going you mod not do so, but stay here." Whersupon she stopped crying aru! said indignantly, "Of coarse I'm ^ing.« The f i r s t day's journey waa to Albany whore tlm night waa passed. Ths next day thay reached Cleveland where Mother l e f t her frieiKls and went to Goluabus, expecting to meet har husband. He had again boon delayed and was not a t the train or at the hotel, nor ima there any word f row him. She told tne hotel clerk teat she aust g^t to ChillieotJia for she was sure her husband waa s i c k . The clerk advised her to go by packet boat and got a stateroom f o r her. About an hour a f t e r aha l e f t Father arrived, learned wlmt had happened aini hired a horse and driver. By driving a l l n i ^ t , chaiigiiig horses as he went, he arrived i n Chillicothe i n iim to meet har aa she stepped off t l ^ boat. He uaed to t e l l his children that that waa tho t i s e th&lr motlier t r i e d to run away f rcaa h i a . The aarried l i f e of Stephen and Abigail was a happy one. dren, two of #iaa died i n infiincy, Mary and Prank. They had s i x c h i l - The ot^ier children were - Susan Ibod Stone, bom October 2, 1055| Louise iVances, Bom OctoberlS, lS59i totharins Ham, bom fJovei^r 12, 1660 and George 'Winchester, bom Deosnber 3, 166S. Most of t h s i r aarriod l i f e was spent in s o t ^ e m CMo, with a b r i e f interlude i » they cam© back to Massachusetts, and another when they l i v e d i n Crawfordsvillo, ia �- 23 - Indiana. QrandisotJrser and Aunt Annla thought I t was not safa or right f o r Abigail to go so f a r away froa horn to IXm letters. and t h i s was the burden of t h a i r So tho jreturn to MaaMMehusetts was made ahosit 1856, whan Father went into tha glue business with h i s bc^ood friend, Noel Woodward, of Sawtoa, fhis wnture was a f a i l u r e and father l e f t h i s l i t t l e fa»dly i n iswtoa while he r s tiarned to <3hio to re-establish hlEisalf. llother had her fourth child, Katharine, in Soraaber, 1660, soon after Iwr husband l e f t and, am winter was cosing on, her brother Benjaain, then l i v i n g i n Caabrldge, took the whole f a a l l j to h i s hens a ^ r s tiiey staysKi a yaw*, u n t i l Father iiad a now ham time to s t a r t for OMo, f o r thaHS. Whoa i t was her brother and h i s wife, whose 5Kily child died i a i n - fancy, had beocxae attached to the baby and wanted to keep her. Mother found i t ifflpossiblo to withstand her brother's pleas and f i n a l l y consented, so that l i t t l e Katharine beoame the foster d a u ^ t e r of her uncle and aunt. Whan tha faiaily was re-united i n GMo the hoae was established i n the ehana- ing old town of Marietta, the f i r s t penaanwit M t t l m a n t i n the lorthwsst T e r r i tory, and here l i t t l o firank and Qeorge were bom. The children have always lodced back on the l i f e aiKi the friends there w l ^ deep affection. I n 1070 QrandBothar Ham ajid Aunt Ajmie made their f i r s t v i s i t to cM.0, a great event i a their l i v e s . Thay want to iiarietta and as t!io family was about to move to GrawfordsviJJL®, Indiana, went with them. Father was to build a r a i l road frm Logaasport to Rockville but i t was found i^H>ssible to raise the as<^ss- ary funds for t h i s project and a t the STHI of tiiree years i t was abandoned. Timn Father becawe road-«aster of ttia rtjad he Jiad formerly woiiced on, the old Marietta aiitd Cincinnati Road, which afterward was taken ovar by the Baltimore and Ohio as the Baltiiaore and cMo SouthRestom. lis had charge of the roadbed and a l l ths feridgss on the 26o wile stretch and held i t wxtil hie retiraBsent l a 1S96 or 9 7 . Wrni the fOTlly ret'-imed to Ohio i a 1873, tim ham was established i n ths suburb of MadisonviUe, a t that tlate a clvarning l i t t l e country v i l l a g e . Here a liouss was b u i l t on Colunbia Avenue, now called E r i e Avenue, about a quarter of �- 24 - a a l i a fros tho railroad s t a t l o ^ v h l c h was tha f a n i l y h<xae as lootf as Father lived. He believed i n stibstantial ossuitrtfiStim and carried oat h i s bidlef I n t h i s house. Susie ustwl to say that a railroad engine could be run t h r o u ^ i t without jarring i t . Much of the tlsie Father had fro« 1,606 to 2,000 mm at woi:^ sad thsy wer« very I t ^ a l to hl» so he had no labor troubles to contend with, tim mm, aost of whoa Uv^d i n the country, shosed t h a i r feeling f o r him b r 8»i»dii»i 0UUKrous g i f t s of the produce of th«ilr gardons and poultry yaxxis. At one tliae an ioportaiitt piece of road work was not going on as w s U as i t should and i n v ^ t i g a t i o n ehom^ timt of the sien had a kag of wMidcsy i n h i s •h&ek. Wttbmit saying ar^fthirig Fathor got an officer i n plain olotliM to go throtish tha mllroad ump with hira and sure enougj^i, i n Toa SJslly's shack ths keg was found. Wlusn tm was oxtered to r o l l t)ie keg out, 2lrs. K e l l ^ ««dMd an axe lying mar and swinging i t around her head threatened vanij^anoe on aqgrwa* who touchsd thB keg. Father and the o f f i c e r waited t i l l she ealiafld dtma a l i t t l e and than Fathor took the axe asri^ frcm her a^id ordered Tom to r o l l the keg outside which he did. I'ith s o i ^ well-directed blows t\m head was knocked i n and the whiskey ran out on the prouid. The other mn lodced on but did not interfere and there was no fartiier trouble. Xears after h i s retirwaent Father tock a t r i p east and as he was to pass through ChlHloothe where one of }iis fomer iormmn lived he wrote asking; the aaa to meet him at tfm t r a i n as tie would l i k e to sea hSia again. Vvhen he steppsd off tiM! t r a i n at Chillicothe not only was his foreman there but a group of asn who had forsterly worked for liia who also wauited to greet MM, Father was vary quiet but with r e a l force iif charactar and no one oould have bMm a better mate f o r llother who was rather joerwus and high stnmg, f u l l of siHtrgy aad aabition. She waa generous i n her estimate of her friends, did not gossip about thsB mvi i n return W(m their warn affecttion. She w»s dtovoted to har f a a i l y snd asibitious for her ohildren tltat tluiy have a good education and �- 25 - take their plaeea i n the world. She was a good aanagfar, what old-fash- ioned people callad prudent, a good heljjsato f o r hor husbarsd. Hiere i o one ©ore ajiocdote of Fattier wl^iioh i s worth recording. Msen Louise was quite young the pot dog snapped at h i a when ha t r i a d to pat h i a . Father gave tlw dog a hard blow with a stick ami i t frightened Loxiise who ran upstairs to her rosaa, t h r w horself cm tha bad and cried. Soon Father esM and sat down beside her bed, sayixig as he did so, "Louise, I hare a l ways had a violent t ^ ^ r ami as a young ctan I realiaed that i f I did not caoquer i t , i t would conquer ae, and I havo aado every e f f o r t to restrain it." The grandc^iildrcBi, both H U l s ' mid Joma *, had the good f<»*tune to tarjow their grandparents w e l l for they a l l spent tmoh tia® under the hospitable roof of the Madisonville Iwm, For thMi there must be jaaxgr Jtappy aSffiorias of these unassiuinii; and geniiine people. As the ysars go cm they i d . l l tova a l^etter understanding, a clearer perspective of ttiose sturdy, genuine pec^le from whoes they are proud to be dascetuied. �- 26 mm (1) W i l l l m fitos cam fros ISaglam!| gnuitod land I n Fortmonth i n 1646, tarn callod Freaoan'e Point; woiit fjraa iaoaitor to PortMotjth in 1646, f i l f s ' s oother wae llaiy lfe|)lot of Loadai. (2) Had 9m latthowj aarriod. Ilad smm Jokm (3) and Thtaaaa ( 3 ) (3) J<*« sattlod i n SewiricttHi and mrr^-od Judi.th Piteiian. (4) JIad 8«n Jtrfin ( 4 ) , J r . , mid others. Ha was oiir groatgrandfathor. (5) Thoaaa, graifidfathor of John TwdKbly. X l^^^-^ y (5) JowKdi, h i s desoandants went to viakofiold. > Col, J<wo|>h a a r c h ^ to Por^saoiith with a cc^5)an2r of soldiers i n ?larOh, 10 6 2. (5) iUbnor v' * r> j ^ (5) Eenjanifl, our grandfathori m r r i t ^ Abigail Fray of Lebanon, Mains. I'^&TV^ 1 7 (5) loses (acjn-ccepos,,: (5) Hary ~ (5) Sarah {mvir ^ aarried) / J (6) A b i p d l (7) Katharine m n a a Ha®*© will i a gstetor « John I t o ' s w i l l i a iss^tor Sttooeeding gonorati<^ i n Strafford County, Dover. �- 27 Tito Praja of Lsbaaon, Main® Abigail Pray saarrisd Benjasain Has^of Fawsii^on, H. H. She waa the daughter of Brothers and S i s t e r s worej Abraham (eldest) John, father of Mrs. Ihitter Boajaain, of Ossipee Hathaniel, father of Mrs. Weber i d a i l (youngest) iiu« Charles Joshua, fatoer of Williaa Pray, of iJatick Ann Mary, laarried Feavey Susan, aarried ^ r e s llehitable, aarried Piorco The aiother of this f m i l y was a itbby before she married a Mr, Pragr, aad she m r r i e d a seoond tiw», a Hayes, of Faradngton, N, H, 0raat-grandj3other Hayas was over ninety yeax* old wh«a she died. ��-28- R e c o l l e o t i o n B of the Old EoiAe a t F a n a i n g t o n , K. H« I rememher the o l d p l a c e a t F a m i n g t o n and j u s t how i t looked when I was a c h i l d . rery d i s t i n c t l y The one s t o r y house, painted w h i t e , f a c e d tne s o u t h and had the end toward the s t r e e t * I t was b u i l t I t h i n k , i n 1829 when mother was t h r e e y e a r s o l d . Her f a t h e r had intended b u i l d i n g a new house but d i e d w i t h o u t doing 80, and Grandmother b u i l t it» l l o t h e r can remember when i t was feuilt. I have heard mother t e l l of the l i v i n g room i n which waa the b i g f i r e p l a c e , where the cooking was done, around which the f a m i l y g a t h e r e d in tha evening. A t one time the baking was done i n the b r i c k oven, which was heated once a week, and f i l l e d w i t h brown b r e a d , beans, pies &c« They a l w a y s had enough to e a t and c l o t h e s to keep them warm, though not v e r y f i n e ones. Grandmother b e i n g l e f t a widow with s i x l i t t l e c h i l d r e n , had r a t h e r a hard time. out the farm or h i r e i t worked. She had to r e n t They a l l worked h a r d , but mother seems to have p l e a s a n t memories of h e r c h i l d h o o d . B e i n g the youneieat, born a f t e r her f a t h e r d i e d , she probably d i d not f e e l t h e i r p o v e r t y and the h a r d s h i p s BO k e e n l y as the o l d e r ones. Grandmother had a loom and wove much of t h e i r c l o t h i n g and hold s t u f f , but I do not know where the loom was kept* house- Mother used to make p l a y houses over i n the p a s t u r e , and keep house w i t h r a g d o l l s and d i s h e s made out of a c o r r i s . They walked a i n i l e to school through the deepest snows i n w i n t e r , and the boys i n the school had to take t u r n s a c t i n g a s j a n i t o r going e a r l y enough t o make the f i r e so t h a t the room would be warm when the t e a c h e r arrived. When one of mother's b r o t h e r s , Uncle Doctor or Uncle C h a r l e s j W - s j a n i t o r he took g r e a t p r i d s i n doin^; h i s work w e l l c. �-292 g e t t i n g up T s r y e a r l y I n the c o l d w i n t e r morninga, so aa to have a good f i r e and the s c h o o l house n i c e l y swept 'before s c h o o l Mother waa a cough. r a t h e r a d e l i c a t e c h i l d and was As consumption was the scourge of Hew thought t h a t she was going i n t o a'^decline" and the neiejhbors ccwuing i n and ing troubled and she can remember t n l k i n i ; to Qrandmotner about h e r , he d e c i d e d stomach, and a oourse of treatment now 83 y e a r s with Sntsland, people t h a t they d i d not t h i n k she would l i v 3 to j^row up. a doctor was c o n s u l t e d time. say* Finally t h a t the ooUfc,h came from h e r cured i t entirely. Mother i s old. I n l a t e r y e a r s the aouse was changed somewhat| a p a r t of the l i v i n g room was p a r t i t i o n e d o f f and on the end n e x t the s t r e e t . two s m a l l bedrooms made A d i n i n g room was added on the side and an entrance made on the west s i d e , towards the 80 t h a t I a l w a y s c o n s i d e r e d the south s i d e . The north street, t h a t tae f r o n t of the houae r a t h e r than s o u t h door opened i n t o a s m a l l e n t r y , from which the s t a i r s went up i n t o two u n f i n i s h e d rooms under the r o o f , one l a r g e r than the o t h e r . These were a l w a y s used as s l e e p i n g rooms and I have s l e p t up t h e r e many n i g h t s , and deli^ihtful place. atone, and a t one of my thought i t a v e r y Outside the s o u t h door was s i d e grew a l i l a c bush. f a v o r i t e spots where I l o v e d to p l a y * a broad f l a t door T h i a door s t e p was one I n the p a r l o r , w h i c h was f o r m e r l y the l i v i n g rcos*, atcod a huge s t o v e , c a l l e d a "Copenhagen*. In t h i s room waa card t a b l e . a l s o the b i g s o f a covered w i t h h a i r c l o t h , and the The b i g c l o c k u s u a l l y stood i n the d i n i n g room, w h i l e the o l d s e c r e t a r y was an old f a s h i o n e d i n the k i t c h e n . chest-of drawers. I n Aunt A n n i e ' s bedroom waa J u s t below the h i l l on the souuth �fide of the house, was t h e a l J w e l l . I rtawKlier the b i g barn and the c a r r i a g e house, the barn y a r d and l a n e through which the COWB were d r i v e n to the p a s t u r e i the garden and t h e woodpile behind t h e house. The brook t h a t flowed through the meadow was a g r e a t a t t r a c - tion, i n i t we f i s h e d w i t h bent p i n s , and s a i l e d b o a t s . On t h e h i l l beyond was t h e f a m i l y b u r y i n g ground., fenced i n , where we gathered checker b e r r i e s and w i n t e r g r e e n . A t r i p to t h e b i g p a s t u r e a f t e r the cows when they s t r a y e d away, o r to p i c k w i l d s t r a w b e r r i e s , was quite an event, and to c r o s s the b i g brook on s t e p p i n g s t o n e s was a f e a t not to be l i g h t l y undertaken. Uncle Moses, my g r a n d f a t h e r ' s b r o t h e r , l i v e d a t t h e old farm and I can remember him w e l l . He was a good n a t u r e d , harm- l e s s o l d man, n o t v e r y b r i g h t a s t o i n t e l l e c t , and I t h i n k he must nave spent most of h i a time i n the woods p r e p a r i n g t h e f a m i l y f u e l , as I remember him coming home i n the evening w i t h h i e a x e on h i s shoulder. I don't know when he d i e d , and t h e r e i s no stone to h i s memory i n the l o t i n the Farmington cemetery to which t h e bodies were removed from t h e f a m i l y b u r y i n g ground. mention I must n o t f o r g e t t o o l d K a t e , the f a i t h f u l h o r s e , whose l o s s was deplored when she was s o l d . The heavy work on t h e farm was done w i t h oxen, and I used to l i k e to watch them h a u l i n ^ , stone on a " s l e d * , the v o i c e of t h e i r d r i v e r . obeying I t h i n k t h e i r names were Buck and B r i g h t . In h a y i n g time my d e l i g h t was to r i d e to t h e barn on t h e l o a d o f hay. I a l s o helped t o c a r r y Jugs of w a t e r sweetened w i t h molasses and|l»avored w i t h g i n g e r , f o r the men to d r i n k w h i l e h a y i n g . the 00W8 Wh«n were d r i v e n home a t n i g h t I l o v e d to go to t h e barn and watch the p r o c e s s o f m i l k i n g , sometimes being a l l o w e d to take a �-31band i n i t m y s e l f . 4 The h i g b a r n was a d e l i g h t f u l plaoe i n whioh L p l a y , but we spent most of our time out of doors. O Aunt Annie was a i^ood cook and her doughnuts, r y e pan oakee and o o l d I n d i a n pudding, which she gave us f o r l u n c h e o n s , t a s t e d v e r y good. I oan remember t h a t she made cheese once, but t h a t was not much done i n my time. The cheese p r e s s was i n the c a r r i a g e house* Grandmother and Aunt Annie taught me to k n i t and would g i v e me a " s t i n s " aa they c a l l e d i t , which seemed r a t h e r hard to me when I wanted to play. I had to k n i t a c e r t a i n number of rounds i n the l e g of a Btooking. Grandmother wa.s a g r e a t k n i t t e r and uaed to k n i t our stockings f o r us when we were c h i l d r e n * I remember h e r w i t h g r e a t a f f e c t i o n and I have a l w a y s c o n s i d e r e d h e r a remaerkable woman. According to the custom of tne times she r e t i r e d from a c t i v e liie when the o l d e s t daughter (Aunt A n n i e ) was m a r r i e d , and gave the housekeeping over to h e r * A f t e r w a r d s Grandmother s a t i n the chimney corner and k n i t , or helped w i t h the l i g h t e r p a r t of the work. She l i k e d to be employed, and would wash d i s h e s a s l o n g a s ehe was a b l e * Her e y e s i g h t was v e r y poor i n l a t e r y e a r s , but she l o v e d to read her B i b l e and would s i t and s i n g hymns i n a t r e m b l i n g o l d v o i c e * For some y e a r s she drew a p e n s i o n , a s my G r a n d f a t h e r had s e r v e d i n t h a war of 1812. She a l w a y s r e t a i n e d h e r membership i n the B a p t i s t church of Farmington. She went to the farm when ahe was m a r r i e d i n 1817 and i t was her home f o r 66 y e a r s . She was a widow f o r 58 y e a r s , and d i e d i n the o l d house a t the r i p e o l d age of 93. She had many sorrows, c h i e f of which being the death o f h e r youngest son, C h a r l e s , who went to C a l i f o r n i a i n the e a r l y 'bOs and n e v e r r e t u r n e d . Nothing was ever known of the manner of h i s d e a t h and i t must have been a l i f e l o n g g r i e f to Grandmother* August, 1909 Susan W. Hills. �R e c o l l e c t i o n s of the Old Home a t Farmington, H. Among my e a r l y r e c o l l e c t i o n s of Farmington i s t h a t of the b i g red gate on which I l o v e d to c l i m b and watch the o c c a s i o n a l passer by. Another t a i n g I w e l l remember i s tne w i l d c h e r r y tree a t the c o r n e r of the porch. palatable f r u i t , I l o v e d to eat the sour, un- stone and a l l and the o n l y reason I can see why I d i d not have a p p e n d i c i t i s i s t h a t t h i s d i s e a s e was not known then to tne m e d i c a l w o r l d . The broad stone step a t the south door was a f a v o r i t e haunt of mine and I t h i n k I must have s a t t h e r e by the hour, so p l a i n l y do I remember the view of the meadow, the v i l l a g e and the h i l l s beyond. I was a dreamy c h i l d and I t h i n k I spent many hours when the other c h i l d r e n were p l a y i n g , i n musing and imagining impossible things. One of my e a r l y dreams was t h a t Uncle C h a r l e s would come home from C a l i f o r n i a w i t h r i c h e s u n t o l d and we would a l l l i v e happy ever a f t e r . Another dream was t h a t I would one day be a c i r c u s r i d e r , I had seen i n a c i r c u s parade a l i t t l e l i g h t h a i r e d g i r l on a w h i t e pony, d r e s s e d i n a l i g h t b l u e r i d i n g habit trimmed w i t h s i l v e r s t a r s and to be i n t h i s g i r l ' s p l a c e was my day dream. But t h i s i s hot of Farmington. The woodpile back of t h e house was my p l a y house, here I gathered c h i p s and stones and made my rooms and f u r n i t u r e . barn was f u l l of wonderful p o s s i b i l i t i e s . the hay mow The To c l i m b to t h e top of f i l l e d toe w i t h d e l i g h t and t e r r o r f o r I was so l i t t l e that I had to be helped up and then came the f e a r t h a t I should never get down u n l e s s I jumped. Once C h a r l e y Ham t o l d me if I would put a horse h a i r i n a b o t t l e of water i t would t u r n i n t o a snake. Of course 1 b e l i e v e d him and watched the b o t t l e f o r days �only to be d i s a p p o i n t e d , I remember when our baby b r o t h e r Prank was b u r i e d , t h a t we walked from the house over the c a r t p a t h to the l i t t l e family grave y a r d , I t h i n k I a c t e d b a d l y on the way f o r f a t h e r took me by the hand and I walked w i t h him and mother. I know he looked Tery s a d . Behind the b u r y i n g ground was the p i n e woods where we went to gather c h e c k e r b e r r i e s . I n e v e r v e n t u r e d f a r i n t o t h e wood for i t r a n down i n t o a h o l l o w and looked so dark and deep t h a t I imagined w i l d a n i m a l s and even g i a n t s might l i v e i n i t s gloom and shade. Behind the barn was the b a r n y a r d and a l a n e l e d down t o the p a s t u r e . When the cows were d r i v e n i n t o the b a r n y a r d I used to take a c e r t a i n f l o w e r e d cup and watch through t h e b a r s of t h e fence t i l l Aunt Annie had f i n i s h e d m i l k i n g . When she came out she would f i l l my cup w i t h t h e warm m i l k and I would s i t down on the ground and d r i n k i t . The horse was Old K a t e and she had a c o l t named Lady Washington. little girl. The c o l t was s o l d when I was a v e r y Aunt Annie once drove to m i l l and took George and me. We went v e r y e a r l y i n the morning and w h i l e on the. road I looked at George and he was bare headed, h i s h a t had blown o f f , but he was so happy t h a t he d i d n ' t c a r e and had not spoken of i t . We had to go back a l o n g d i s t a n c e to f i n d i t . The brook was our g r e a t d e l i g h t . C h a r l e y took me f i s h i n g once and I promised Aunt Annie a f i s h d i n n e r , but a l a s , I t a l k e d so much t h a t C h a r l e y went o f f ajid f i s h e d a l o n e f o r he s a i d t h a t I would s c a r e the l i f e out of any f i s h . to g e t l o n e l y and then f r i g h t e n e d . A f t e r he l..Hft I began My hook was a bent p i n ajid �-34- 5 ray l i n e a s t r i n g ; a f t e r a w h i l e I swung my l i n e around so t h a t Waen my hook caught i n the mouth of a h i g b u l l f r o g . I saw t h a t frog swinging on ray l i n e and k i c k i n g w i t h a l l h i s might I almost died of f r i g h t but l u c k i l y he k i c k e d l o o s e and s p l a s h e d i n t o the water and I r a n home a s f a s t a s my s h o r t l e g s would c a r r y me. When I v/as a v e r y l i t t l e g i r l Uncle Enoch used to g i v e rae h i s h a t to hang up when he csune i n from the f i e l d . When I took i t I would often f i n d a g r a s s hopper i n i t and I guess I screamed lustily for g r a s s hoppers were one of the t e r r o r s of my young l i f e . the t a o l e I s a t b e s i d e Uncle Enoch. At My potato had to be mashed and smoothed u n t i l i t was w i t h o u t uneveness or I thought I could not e a t i t . Uncle Enocn used to s a y t h a t he was going t o make a machine to prepare my p o t a t o . One day when we had cod f i s h w i t h cream g r a v y and my p l a t e had been f i x e d to my s a t i s f a c t i o n , something drew my a t t e n t i o n away. plate was empty. When I was ready to e a t a g a i n my Uncle Enoch had s l i p p e d the food on to h i s p l a t e . He d i d t h i s not once but many t i m e s , Aunt Annie a l w a y s p r o t e s t i n g and he w i t h h i s l o v e of a j o k e , doing i t a g a i n when occasion o f f e r e d . I can j u s t remember when sheep were kept on the farm and one ram was v e r y c r o s s . One day when the sheep were d r i v e n the barnyard we a l l climbed up on the f e n c e to watch C h a r l e y the a n i m a l s up w i t h a s t i c k . f i g h t to u s . into stir I t was e x c i t i n g a s a S p a n i s h b u l l Aunt Annie had a f l o c k of Ducks. A hogshead was sunk i n the y a r d and f i l l e d w i t h w a t e r f o r them. We were told that we could take the ducks to the brook a f t e r the g r a s s i n the meadow had been c u t . C h a r l e y suggested t h a t we d r i v e them down to show them where the brook was. When the ducks came i n s i g h t of r u n n i n g w a t e r they made t h e i r way to i t a s f a s t a s t h e i r s h o r t �-35- 4 legs could c a r r y them and n e v e r a g a i n d i d they r e t u r n to t h e i r home by the h a r n . I n dismay a t what we had done we spent the morning tramping up and down the hanks of the brook, t r e a d i n g down the long grass, t r y i n g to d r i v e the ducks back to the b a r n , but w i t h no success. I do not t h i n k Aunt Annie s a i d much about i t tho' i t was to save the g r a s s she had f o r b i d d e n our doing t h i s . Once when Charley took me over to the b i g brook he showed me how I could get across by jumping from one stone to a n o t h e r . out He d i d i t v e r y e a s i l y when I t r i e d I jumped i n and i n u t t e r contempt of a g i r l he pulled me out, shook me w e l l and s a t me up on a rock to d r y , going off and l e a v i n g me. One day some men came to the house and Aunt Annie went out to the barn w i t h them. then we knew Old K a t e was s o l d . her away. They t a l k e d a long ti:rie and T h a t n i g h t a man came and took Anna d i d not e a t any supper but s t a y e d out i n the s t a l l w i t h her head a g a i n s t Old K a t e ' s neck and c r i e d . The meadow was most b e a u t i f u l to me and I remember how the green, v e l v e t y g r a s s c o n t r a s t e d w i t h the g r a y stone w a l l and the dark p i n e s i n the background. wild s t r a w b e r r i e s here. I n the e a r l y summer we g a t h e r e d When the g r a s s was long and the wind blew i t I imagined i t a green sea w i t h ever moving waves. I n haying tiiiie to p i t c h hay, to c a r r y some k i n d of a d r i n k to the men, r i d e i n the hay wagon, was b l i s s beyond compare. to Once Aunt Annie gave me a f o r k e d s t i c k to p i t c h hay w i t h and I was h u m i l i a t e d deeply f o r a l l the o t h e r s had p i t c h f o r k s . I t was i n v a i n she t o l d me t h a t I would be l i k e l y to put out my eyes w i t h a f o r k , but when one of the men t o l d me I could work w i t h him I was s a t i s f i e d w i t h my home made implement. The y e a r of the duck epidode one of the men brought �home a b e a u t i f u l duck b l e e d i n g from a c u t i n the s i d e . I t had made i t s n e s t i n the long g r a s s and the mower, not seein^, i t had c u t into the n e s t , me s i c k . The poor t h i n g was almost dead and the s i g h t made I t h i n k my c o n s c i e n c e t r o u b l e d me too f o r my p a r t i n d r i v - ing them to the brook. At church we used to stand d u r i n g the s i n g i n g , t u r n i n g ^ about to f a c e tne s i n g e r s a t the back of the church. A g i r l whom I knew, I t h i n k she was a Hayes, used to s i t i n the c h o i r w i t h h e r s i s t e r and I e n v i e d h e r above a l l people f o r d u r i n g the sermon she could walk about and not be seen. L o u i s e Prances 1909 ( S t o n e ) Jones �-37- pmmt Mp OF iMi K M&saa Ham Fam J«>8e|>h Bm ¥am as f a r m Waldxtm mil milage Bmijm»B District Sold before Bas^^aads Kam's death fiaalteaa P l a ^ �-38TRAESCIIFT C? COURT RECORDS Sarali Baa*© 9^1^ adteiisiatar^ llagr %% iBIf,- ;;a: iaa'a aatato a t e l i i i a t o i ^ Hay 19, .;37 laitsid propartgr va2.«d a t S304.82. Bwary «rttcl@ of hoa^liotM fuswitur® valtied, piaiaing free &i0xt cmta to $2.2.50. f ^ t l i e i r l»ed» msis tha aost valtaabla. ixmntory •sad© J«n», fl'ils li'sforsation ooplod frm rseords I n tho Frofcata CSourt at S. I I . , byfetttortri©It. Stow. �-39- Decambar 7, 1825 - Abigail Ham appointed administratrix of astata of Benjaain Em, Bond, 23*000. Suratiea, Thomas Ha» and Joshua Pray. Joseph Haa died i n 1825 i n Uonrmbar, February 3, 1831 - Joshua Pray of Milton appointed guardian of Mary A m , Abnar, Susan, Benjamin F., Charles arid Abigail Baa, children of Benjaadn Haa, J r . , late of Paradngton. 90 acrus of land i n his farm. Stiretios, John Wingate, Esq., ax-id Thoaas Ham, yaoiaan. May 14, 1831 - Joshua Pray authorlaod to s e l l real estate to tha aaount of $411 for the st^port of h i s wards, July 1 6 , 1833 - Guardian authorised to s e l l the g r i s t s i l l . Land fortaing Benjamin Ham estate bounded on NorUmest by land of Moses Kaia liortheast by raiige road Southeast by land of S. Dme, Mathaniel Bastatan and others Southwest by the Cochero River �-40aUARBIAK'S ACCCUKT Joahia Praor i H e d h i s guardian's account May 1 6 , 1840. Frors Fsbruary 1 4 , 1S31, to A p r i l 1 8 , 1830, hia asqpanaa account nas |64.{^. i s erodita t» hairs itith fl60.53 .ami ohargas $1 f o r sorvlcos myd 1833. - Pttbnjaiy 14 Qm oixpmmm* di^ S1.C30 March 14 Jouraay to Itov»r & iuxtm 2.^ May 5 Om dag| a e l l i a g p r c ^ r t y 1,00 May 14 om dtoy. Probate Court 2,00 U mmabmr Wemat^r ll/Z 14 1$ Sewaabor 3^ days caw day a t FarBdjagUm with Hoad Comittaa X.OD Qm dsy a t Famltigtoja with Eoad CoRi^ttea X.00 Ooa day a t Stomingtoo w i ^ load ^oPEdttaa U 3 2 - March 1? A p r i l 21 1833 - Potoruary 20 1836 - March 31 A p r i l 10 A p r i l 26 1.50 1.00 Oie day 1,00 and aattla ^ c t s . Qm day, s a t t l e accts. 1.00 2/2 da^, settle accts. One day, s e t t l i n g iiit*k Barlesr .50 1.00 mm d«^, proparing f o r t r i a l with Barker 2.00 fm days, a a t t l i m n t with tarla^r aay 2 I638 - 1 ^ 14 2.00 Two daya, attending ref. 2.00 Om 2.00 day, jourrusy to Dover July 14 Cash paid out J u l y 24 Qm SeptQBbar 1$ Qm day. Probate Court Rochester One day, settling acets. Sept^Oier 30 day, jounnay to Dover .62 2.50 1.00 .SO �-41- 1838 (Ceat«d)-D9«art>ar 26 Qm day, Jouruay to Oilraanton 1839 - t2.S0 January 23 Pour days to Dover 4.00 February 2 f o w ' i a ^ framing 3.>* February 5 1/2 day, February 5 February 1 5 » .50 2.00 <iay to Dover 3*34 Fow days, frwiing February 18 X/2 day February'23 " "'©ne day to Rochester L expenses for raising fraso .50 1,50 2.00 ditto 1838 - April 17.00 Paid J . Pearl - cow Interest 2.06 164.06 1845 - April I Pinal acct. of Joshua Pray rendered ^ ^ Total awmnt Accepted by AbigaU lim Uary A. Bunker Enoch Bunker Benjataln F. !te 1^.74 �i n i L OF JoiiH Zzi the mm Lord, Qm of QoA, &mni mi The 29th day of July, i a the year of owe Thoxjsand Sight Hundred and Eloveni I , Jolm Has, of Paraingtcm, i n tlwi County of Strafford, aad State of flow Haeqpahire, Huabamfeani being sick and weak i n Body, but of a sound disposing wind and memrj, bo given iBito God. thanks Calling to mind the awrtality of ay body, and knowing that i t i s appointed for a l l aon once to die, do sake arsi ordain this my l a s t w i l l and Testament, that i s to sa^, prinoipally and f i n r b , I give and recoraaend ^y soul unto Cod ixho gave i t to sss, and ny Body unto thst Earth, to be buried i n a decent Christian-like laanner, at ths Glscration of ay ixeeutora, and as touching amh worldly Estate wherewith i t hath pleased God to bless cie i n this l i f e , I gt-re, daviae and dispoae i n tha following aanner and fomt~ l e t - I give and bequeath to ay eon Tho»as Ham, a l l the lax:^ that l i e a on tlvss easterly aide of tho Hlver coaaonly called iraldron's Pdver t!iat belonged to tfm l o t or fa» I now l i v e on, i t being tha same land I have deeded to h i a . 2nd - I w i n and bequoath to ay son Jcweph Haa, 40 acres of land off of tha northwest part of the Fans I now l i v e on. Beginning at tha i»»rthsast comer of said l o t and tliesoe running aou^ierly cm the plan Road between Tiaotl-g- Stewna and said l o t so f a r aa to eontain said 3ft>rty acres by running a Line westerly pasullel with the l i n e between Land f or»sr3y omiad by David F»»u^ ami said Lot to Waldron's Mver so^oalled, m land owned by Thos. Htaai to h i a , Ms heirs ami aaai^ss forever, and l i k e wise one Feather bed axui bedding that he now has i n h i s keeping. 3rd - I w i l l ai\d bequeath to my son Abner Hasi Two Hundred BoLlars to be paid witliin one ^n^ar after my deoease by ssy Eaeoutor, and &m good Feather h&d and bedding ttero-^rith, providad, nevarthelaaa, that i f he. �-43 ths said Abmtr Ian, should dio bafoz^' I do, I v i l l that the same be paid to nxy aoii Moses lim. 4th - I w U l and bequeath to ^ Dutiful Daughter Sarah !la®. Three HuiKired IXOlars i n sonsy to be paid by ay E»outor i d t h i n one ysar after wy decease. Two good f a t h e r bads and bedding with t ^ two good bedsteads and cords, with one half of the Household furniture that belmiged to late s i s t e r Mary I t e , that waa l e f t w l ^ m& a t Uie tiiae of her decease. Sth - I w i n and bequeath to my laughter Maiy H^, Qm Hundred Dollars i n aoney to be paid within mm year after my Jm^mem, by my l ^ e u t o r , two good feather beds and bedding w i t ^ two good bedsteads and cords, with tho other half of tJie ho\i®ehold fui^itxire that belonged to ay s i s t e r Mary Ham aforesaid. 6th • I w i l l and bequeath to my tsro Daughters, namely Sarah and Maty Han, each of t J ^ a cow and two sheep, to be wintered and auastared on 3sy farm l^ree and elear of ar^ exs^ense to thaa, f o r thm %o have ths use and b e i ^ f i t of| one rom i n tsy house to their duHMiing, with f u e l sufficient for o i f i r e , f i t l y prepared to the doorj so long as they or ,« either of than rsnain unmarried. ?th - I w i l l and bequeath to siy Two rwaining ^xm, Moses Ham, a l l the rmaining part of BenjasdLn and Real Estate or landed property, with a l l ths Stock mti Faming utensils and household Furniture of every mm arid nature whatsoever tlmt i s nut bequeatl^ed, to be equally divided batareen than according to the quantity and quality thereof, with a l l tha Buildinpi tl^raon and ever/ appurteimnce wimtsoever a t t^ie t i s e of debase. Bth - I do a j ^ i n t Sllaa Osne J r . of Eoc)iestor, and Sarah ay Dau^ter, to be guardians for ^ acoi Moses to watch and oare for h i a and the property tlmt I hav® bequeathed to hiss. �-44f t h - I w i l l and bequeath tlmt a l l tiie reBainlng property i n money <»i hand and laoney due to ae that oan or aay be collected, be equally divided between a^y childron (exclusive of $100- I have paid to Jcweph and ClOO I have paid to Abner to be deducted as may appear by thsir Receipts) after ay Just Debts, Legacies i n a y l a t e Father's estate and B y funeral charges are paid b y my Executor, 10th - I do constit\ite and appoint ay son Joseph Ham to be Sole Sxecutor of this my l a s t W i l l and Testament, and 1 do hereby utterly d i s allcwr. Revoke and disannx^ a l l and every othsr Will and Testastant dated prior to thia I Ratifying aisd Gonfiraing t h i s to be EQT l a s t W i l l and Testaissnt. In Witness wtwreof I hereunto set my hmd and seal, the date and year before written. ;^gnad, sealed, published, pronounced mvi declared by »e, t)i& said John Has, i n tim presence of the aubsoriborst Bajnamin Conoexy Josiah Edgor3y Robert £ni|^t �-45INVENTCRY A liKrrant issasd l a oc3EE«3a form to John Mijjpita J r . , Bonjwdjj Conaftiy, mi Anthoqy Peavey, a l l of Faswingtoa, in C o m t y of S t a f f o r d , frooholdora, toti&# an I^ivmitory &a& Appraisal tha 1 » - tata of J ^ n Ham, l a t a of aaid FamlngtcKJ, deceased, Taatatei i*io msuS» rature as f o U a m , to •wttt Straffoi-d S , S, fteadngtoa, SxHy l O W i , 1 0 1 2 , Agrooable to tha aiiaaassKl narraat m, tha xjEJcterstj^icK*, hava tak«i an Inroatoiy of ttio goods aisd BSstata of John Haa, l a t a of aaid Pamirig>ton, d^immaoAf T e a t a ^ , as sham us tsy Jomph W i l l aad Test»@«t of aaid Jolm Haa, i a wmmmr ttm, Escecutor of tho l a a t fallowing, aasialyi- fha ^Riaataad f&m of said Daoaaami fbxm mm $65j Tm Stmm m& pair Stooj^, |25 at 37 Five Cewra at 014 each four Cattle, one ;^ar o l d , at $7 aach Cot B t O l , t^fo years ild a t $|J0 ms^ Two Horsoa I M r l ^ o a tSbm^ and 5 i M b © $2833.00 102. 90. 28. W, 49. 26. 93137.00 �If. Strafford Couiity Racords Raceivad Way 17, 1836 Recorded IXber 178 Folio 62 Ex. by £. I„ Whltehaa Recorder USED OF ABlQiUL HAM TO SiOGH BU14KER , mm M.L nm Wt Tmsas mMim, That, I , Abigail Uaa, of Faraington i n the Cotmty of Strafford and State of TUm Hampshire, Widow, for and i n consideruticsn of the mxa. of four hundred dollaiti to IS® i n hand beifore the delivery hereof, w e l l mA t r u l y paid by liKJCh B*unker, of the same faraington, teetsan - have reraised, released • and forevw quitclaiiaedj and by these praaenta i o re»i»e, release and ferever q u l t d a i a unto thd said Knooli B^uiakar, his tieizv and assigns forever, a l l the right i n dower or power of thirds that I now have of the Far® aad Gristaaill that was tsy late hiisband's, Beajjfflin Ham's, be the same on which I nm Hve. To have mid to hold tJse said rersdsad praaises, with a l l the privilegea aad ai^pwtanancea thereunto bolmging, to hia Vm Enoch Broker h i s fwirs and assigns forever. said And I do hereby oove- nant with the said Bnooh Inaiker that I w i l l warrant and defend the sa!.d prffiaisea to Itia tha said Bnooh tils heirs and assigns, against the lawful clalas and desaamis of a i ^ person or persons clalMing by, frm. r or under toe. of I n witi'scss wfisreof, I have hereunto set my hand aiid s e a l , t h i s Sixteenth day of V^y, dred and t h i r t y - o i ^ t . i n the yeai* of our lord one thooaand eight hun' e> , Sigimi, sealed and deliv©r<*d, i n proaerioe of us, J e r w i a h Itea Susan A. I u e ^» STATS Of ms jtt»igail Haa KAira-lllS, Strafford S, S. my personally ajjpaaring, the. above mmed Abigail !te 16, A.D. 1838 acknowledged the foregoing instrtasant to bo her volmtary act ajid deed. Before BW, JeTiWBiali l.:itms, Justice of %f>» Peace �-47W I L L I A-' HAM !' The New England h i s t o r i c g e n e a l o g i c a l s o c i e t y of Boston has received from Dr. Saiauel P . Ham of L o s A n g e l e s , C a l i f o r n i a , formerly of t h i s c i t y , the g e n e a l o g i c a l r e c o r d of W i l l i a m Ham, who came to America i n 1635 to j o i n a company p r e v i o u s l y s e n t from Plymouth, Eng, hy R o h e r t Trelawney;, t o take p o s s e s s i o n of Richmonda Island, Me., and a l a r g e t r a c t of t e r r i t o r y on the a d j a c e n t aminland, g r a n t e d to Trelawney hy S i r Fernando Gorges. Ham remained w i t h the Trelawney company but one y e a r , he and f i v e o t h e r s , i n June 1636, c l a i m i n g t h a t they were cheated by the s u p e r i n t e n d e n t , l e a v i n g Richmonds i s l a n d , where they had been engaged i n f i s h i n g , and coming to P i s c a t a q u a , where they a l l settled. Ham was a t E x e t e r i n 1645, and came to Portsmouth i n 1650, and the town r e c o r d s show t h a t from 1652 to 1665 he r e c e i v e d from the town f o u r g r a n t s of l a n d , a g g r e g a t i n g 166 a c r e s , a t what i s now known a s Freemans p o i n t , where he made h i s home, and where he died i n 1672. T h i s p r o p e r t y was owned and occupied by h i s descendants, and known as Hams p o i n t , u n t i l about 1820, when Peyton R. Freeman, a lawyer of Portsmouth, h a v i n g come i n t o p o s s e s s i o n of 67 a c r e s of the extreme p o i n t , the whole g r a d u a l l y came to be known a s Preemans p o i n t , and not f a r from the same time the i s l a n d , which from the e a r l y c o l o n i a l days had been known a s Hams i s l a n d , was bought by J e r e m i a h and Mark E o b l e , and a c c o r d i n g to custom had i t s name changed to Nobles i s l a n d , which i t s t i l l b e a r s , though now owned by the Boston & Maine r a i l r o a d . W i l l i a m Ham's houae, b u i l t p r o b a b l y i n 1652, the y e a r he r e c e i v e d h i s f i r s t g r a n t of l a n d from the town, was l o c a t e d a few �-482 rods s o u t h w e s t e r l y from where now stands the c o s t l y office b u i l d i n g e r e c t e d l a s t y e a r f o r the MHaite Mountain paper company, and the o l d Ham b u r y i n g ground, s t i l l n e a r e r the o f f i c e b u i l d i n g and n o r t h e a s t e r l y from i t , i s now p a r t i a l l y covered by a b u i l d i n g formerly a barn. The o l d house was torn down i n 1368 or '69, being d i l a p i d a t e d wreck. then a Over 200 y e a r s of wind and weather, and y e a r s of n e g l e c t and decay, n a v i n g reduced i t to r u i n . I t was a one- s t o r y b u i l d i n g c o v e r i n g c o n s i d e r a b l e space on the j^round, w i t h an iiiimense k i t c n e n , and h a v i n g timbers b i g enough f o r a s n i p . I t was t e n a n t l e s s f o r many y e a r s before being removed, and t h e r e was no s i g n t h a t i t nad ever been p a i n t e d . The g e n e a l o g i c a l r e c o r d on vi^hich Dr. Ham, who i s of the e i g h t h g e n e r a t i o n i n descent from the iimaigrant W i l l i a m , devoted mush time and r e s e a r c h f o r some 20 y e a r s , does not attempt to t r a c e out a l l of W i l l i a m Ham's descendants, who a r e s c a t t e r e d a l l over the union, but i t does b r i n g the r e c o r d s of the l o c a l l i n e s of descendants down to ine p r e s e n t time. I n t e r s p e r s e d through i t i s a l a r g e amount of h i s t o r i c a l matter r e l a t i n g to members of the f a m i l y who have a c h i e v e d prominence a t d i f f e r e n t times and p l a c e s i n v a r i o u s l i n e s of u s e f u l n e s s , and a s i t i s tne only r e c o r d of W i l l i a m Ham's descendants ever attempted there i s much i n i t of i n t e r e s t to persons wno can t r a c e t h e i r descent from xiim. From the Boston ulobe -1925- �� https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/3229d4b632f9e747d279ba00b6362831.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=SJLlBkq5QUxDXsoxD6Ui2cL2egNJHoOEReDyd11gTffzMuV6-zBASuLMxfLoyL57pPAcZ--59DCoO5Y0Tkfcm5hFnd9dw0dc4NB9nD%7EKhv4QCQA9F1O%7EFi9egQk7YwyWERwj%7EpCnUz26RXaHAsBciM9Y-R1172YoLOKLhroozEtFeyskqrwIydv2DzOhNqmtsZ840pl1Y3MYVEe0slWYTe53Ouwi6K%7EOoBlXP8nX%7EZ3mZxENrNRtn1Av9ynPo1tX9uicRkOo3TgqDiAl0VPhM-plwAVWf%7EcTecIOpWlqWcJYhTEG4pxeSpPlhxf3EEIQpHzARR-4hMDlg2VYo98icQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 21de4bab0f0cbbd9caf586a2b8bff37d https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/7d77d5a468aa56091afe3421c2893421.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=wMfTouyfvHlLZurHEfZGf9NWls2VQ%7E4d7Laefa5J1L6mp0SSJCANEUx9%7EXxSOzUGvWmFYuuZKG1g-USDNr4jwFgYbbmlg%7E3w607ILHR2Ckkt1kPdSqdx7nu5nufokdz5A9TAcEJzNt0Y%7E7x-Kbj16EgHXldTN3%7EZQv2ZXGP6KXglnfHBrh%7EFp1fpRrLnRA3MRhTgS%7EVi-4t1e9WDRDIRZktGJvTk6aL2rZvo6gHTxGnM7TE1xtgYQYpJfMkmMB9%7ENIAEHI8CCJqN8sG5CeiqPooUhQ44gzd4D8tS6M8j1jOovymwxDbNIsuQz9tpsxs1bdWptx3MEmfrkokiyaZGOg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM cf624184faa297daa5c365f762d4ca13 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/12165/archive/files/0a82f99c976052709dd0659485db3d70.jpg?Expires=1790208000&Signature=d0EBsjxHm8V3p5EE9ER2LVp6uD1nI9DrXQbp8DPqCeM--1v7WBfvM86liTE80EK%7ER-hEN0Vdk1CTBfV7hYwpAsZ2N9yPGULz4TSRD9dp-LJ8eR%7EtK6J60-mE87NuxBNDTmj8FRHtKDSanaaiM3ABlRnHpPuOWqcDUye6-0H1YfrG34Gy3rG8TfheaqAE1NsWmqoXHEh4zApfzfQd8GjP6NqCdTPtkxUJkokFpl4J2Ns5-CUnvAw7VkKRMR1kpcirCokjdbInpJPaa52FVi0poh%7EH2sMg775yCOmSLMVee4lgfFc75IUUrj%7Eb8JLIftcEDoby%7EjpcMCF13RjKHx5CSQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9c7d3ca13ea782a99f1680db5dad2e9e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books, Booklets, Ledgers, & Diaries Object Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Family History Of Benjamin And Abigail Pray Ham 1644-1940 Description An account of the resource A bound 48 page book detailing the family history of Benjamin and Abigail Pray- Ham of Farmington. Typed mostly on onion paper and with photos added throughout. Complied in 1940 by their granddaughters Louise (Stone) Jones and Katherine Ham Stone. The book also had a two sided note which has been included as a separate file. Presented by the author to the Farmington NH Historical Society in January of 1953. Size: 9" x 11.5" FHS-Kyle Leach Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Complied in 1940 by their granddaughters Louise (Stone) Jones and Katherine Ham Stone Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Complied in 1940 by their granddaughters Louise (Stone) Jones and Katherine Ham Stone Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940, the books covers 1644-1940 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Lorraine Meyer Bacon books Bunker family Ham Hills history Jones Kimball Kingsbury Pollard Pray stone Waldron Winchester Woods